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Cong Z, Huo M, Jiang X, Yu H. Factors associated with the level of self-management in elderly patients with chronic diseases: a pathway analysis. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:377. [PMID: 38671344 PMCID: PMC11055297 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the effects and pathways of factors such as psychological capital, family functioning, and sources of meaning in life on the level of self-management in elderly patients with chronic diseases and to provide a basis for the development of relevant nursing interventions in the future. METHODS Convenience sampling was used to select elderly patients with chronic diseases who underwent medical checkups and consultations at three community hospitals in Jinzhou city from March 2023 to October 2023, and the self-designed General Information Questionnaire (GIS), Psychological Capital of the Elderly Scale (PCE), Family Functioning Index Questionnaire (APGAR), Sources of Meaning of Life Scale for Older Adults(SMSE), and Self-Management Behavior of Chronic Patients Scale (SMCS) were used. SPSS 26.0 was used for data entry, one-way analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data, and Amos 17.0 was used to construct the structural equation model. RESULTS A total of 355 elderly patients with chronic diseases were included, and their self-management score was 74.75 ± 12.93, which was moderate. The results of the influencing factor analysis showed that the influencing factors of the self-management level of elderly chronic disease patients were age, years of illness, psychological capital, family functioning, and sources of meaning in life (p < 0.05). Path analysis revealed that sources of meaning in life were a partial mediator of the relationship between psychological capital and self-management, with an effect value of 0.166 (95% CI: 0.042,0.391), accounting for 37.6% of the total effect; life meaning was a partial mediator of family functioning and self-management level, with an effect value of 0.231 (95% CI: 0.040,0.452), accounting for 54.0% of the total effect. accounting for 54.0% of the total effect. CONCLUSION The self-management of elderly patients with chronic diseases is intermediate. Healthcare professionals should actively implement holistic healthcare management measures from the family aspect to help patients understand the meaning of life and improve the level of patients' psychological capital to improve the self-management level of elderly patients with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Cong
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Huo
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Xing Jiang
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Yu
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China.
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Zhou M, Sun X, Huang L. Chronic disease and medical spending of Chinese elderly in rural region. Int J Qual Health Care 2021; 33:5986363. [PMID: 33201997 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzaa142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether or not chronic disease positively impacts medical costs among the rural elderly in China and to calculate medical expenditure induced by chronic disease between different groups of the rural elderly, as well as provide insight into the factors that affect medical losses induced by chronic disease among different household registration groups and different New Rural Pension Scheme statuses. DESIGN To estimate the share of medical expenses induced by chronic disease, this article uses a two-part model and a four-part model to analyze the causal effect of chronic disease on medical services and then uses a counter-factual method to estimate the share of medical expenses. SETTING The rapid development of China has changed nearly every aspect of life for the rural elderly. Many are concerned about the increasing prevalence of physical health issues, particularly chronic diseases, among the rural elderly. Nevertheless, there are no articles using nationally representative panel datasets that report differences in the cost of chronic disease between sub-populations. PARTICIPANTS The panel dataset used for this study comes from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data. In this study, we use the CFPS data for the years 2012, 2014 and 2016 to create a panel dataset that includes 2730 rural elderly for 3 years. INTERVENTIONS This article reports the representative estimate of medical expenditures attributable to chronic disease among rural elderly in China. On this basis, we estimate per capita medical spending among rural elderly under the condition of logarithmic normal distribution of different parameters between urban and rural or between groups that participate in the New Rural Pension Program and groups that do not. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES This study indicates that physical health status has a significant impact on both the probability of undergoing medical care and the size of medical expenditures among the rural elderly, and the influence was significant for all patients, including outpatients and inpatients. RESULTS Chronic illness has significant effects on individual medical expenses, and they aggregately contribute to 63.96% of total personal expected medical expenditure. Specifically, the medical spending caused by chronic disease was part of a non-uniform distribution, with the rural, male, older, married and higher educated groups spending more money on medical costs induced by chronic disease. CONCLUSIONS Examining trends in the prevalence of chronic diseases and evaluating medical spending on chronic diseases can prevent and control potential medical costs among rural elderly, especially for vulnerable groups, which helps to predict future health-care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Bikbov MM, Kazakbaeva GM, Zainullin RM, Salavatova VF, Gilmanshin TR, Yakupova DF, Uzianbaeva YV, Arslangareeva II, Panda-Jonas S, Mukhamadieva SR, Khikmatullin RI, Aminev SK, Nuriev IF, Zaynetdinov AF, Jonas JB. Prevalence, Awareness, and Control of Arterial Hypertension in a Russian Population. The Ural Eye and Medical Study. Front Public Health 2020; 7:394. [PMID: 31970145 PMCID: PMC6960185 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Applying the criteria recently published by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association for the definition of arterial hypertension, we investigated prevalence and awareness of arterial hypertension in Russia. This new definition differentiates between normal BP [SBP (systolic blood pressure)/DBP (diastolic blood pressure) < 120/80 mmHg], elevated BP (SBP 120–129 mmHg; DBP < 80 mmHg), hypertension stage 1 (SBP 130–139 mmHg or DBP 80–89 mmHg), hypertension stage 2 (SBP ≥ 140 and ≤180 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 and ≤120 mm Hg) and hypertensive crisis (SBP > 180 mmHg and/or DBP > 120). Methods: The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study, performed in an urban and rural region in the Russian republic Bashkortostan, included 5,891 (80.5%) individuals aged 40+ years out of 7,328 eligible individuals. The participants underwent a detailed interview and medical examination. Arterial hypertension was defined using the criteria defined by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association. Results: The prevalence of normal blood pressure (BP), elevated BP, hypertension stage 1, stage 2, and hypertensive crisis was 750/5,891 [12.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.7, 5.9], 312/5, 891 (5.3%; 95% CI: 4.7, 5.9), 2,187/5,891 (37.1%; 95% CI: 35.9, 38.4), 2,484/5,891 (42.2%; 95% CI: 40.9, 43.4), and 158/5,891 (2.7%; 95% CI: 2.3, 3.1), respectively. The overall prevalence of elevated BP/hypertension was 5,141/5,891 (87.3%; 95% CI: 86.4, 88.1). Awareness of elevated BP/hypertension was 2,289/5,223 (45.4%; 95% CI: 44.0, 47.0). Among 1,055 (20.2%; 95% CI: 19.1, 21.3) individuals under anti-hypertensive treatment, 33 (3.1%) individuals had normal BP values. Higher risk of elevated BP/hypertension was associated with older age [odds ratio (OR): 1.04; 95% CI: 1.03,1.05], male gender (OR: 2.56; 95% CI: 2.10, 3.16), urban region (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.51), lower educational level (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87, 0.97), higher body mass index (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.18), higher waist-hip circumference ratio (OR: 6.16; 95% CI: 1.89, 20.0), higher prevalence of sitting or reclining for more than 18 h per week (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.61), higher prevalence of alcohol consumption (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.27, 2.05), and higher serum concentrations of triglycerides (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.43) and glucose (OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.24). Using the former definition of hypertension (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg), the prevalence of hypertension was 3,134/5,891 (53.2%; 95% CI: 51.9, 54.5). Conclusions: Using the new definition of arterial hypertension, the prevalence of elevated BP/hypertension in a typically mixed Russian population aged 40+ years was high (87.3%), with an awareness rate of 45.4% and treatment rate of 20.2%. The rate of therapeutic control of BP elevation in the individuals under treatment was <5%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Gu HQ, Yang X, Rao ZZ, Wang CJ, Zhao XQ, Wang YL, Liu LP, Liu C, Li H, Li ZX, Wang YJ. Disparities in outcomes associated with rural-urban insurance status in China among inpatient women with stroke: a registry-based cohort study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:426. [PMID: 31700862 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite a few studies have demonstrated sex differences in stroke care and outcomes, limited research has explored insurance-related disparities in outcomes, particularly among women stroke patients. The aim was to determine whether rural-urban health insurance status affect the stroke treatment, process of care, and 1-year clinical outcomes for inpatient ischemic stroke in women. Methods Women patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) covered by New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) and urban resident/employee-based basic medical insurance scheme (URBMI/UEBMI) were abstracted from the China National Stroke Registry II (CNSR II). Shared frailty model in the Cox model or generalized estimating equation with consideration of the hospital's cluster effect were used to assess the associations between rural-urban insurance status and quality of care during hospitalization and 1-year stroke outcomes including all-cause death, 1-year recurrence, and 1-year disability. Results A total of 5,707 women patients enrolled from 219 hospitals in CNSR II were analyzed. Compared with 2,880 women patients covered by URBMI/UEBMI, 2,827 women patients covered by NRCMS were younger (65.7 versus 68.9 years), less likely to have vascular risk factors, awareness and treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia prior to stroke. Women covered by NRCMS were more likely to receive early antithrombotics, discharge antithrombotics, lipid-lowering drugs, but less likely to receive antihypertensive medication than those covered by URBMI/UEBMI. One-year all-cause mortality and stroke recurrence were both significantly higher in women patients with NRCMS than those with URBMI/UEBMI [adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.40 (1.06-1.84) and 1.38 (1.04-1.83), separately]. Conclusions AIS women patients with rural-urban insurance status demonstrated remarkable differences in age, stroke risk factors, awareness and treatment, the process of care, and 1-year stroke recurrence and mortality. Healthcare policymakers need to focus their attention on these disparities and take proper steps to improve primary healthcare service in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qiu Gu
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Xin Yang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Rao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Yingjie Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chun-Juan Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing 100053, China.,Center for Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhao
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Center for Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Yi-Long Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing 100053, China.,Center for Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- Neuro-intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Chelsea Liu
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Hao Li
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Zi-Xiao Li
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Center for Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing 100053, China.,Center for Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100068, China
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Wang B, Li Z, Ma Y, Qiu X, Ren A. Association of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in housewives' hair with hypertension. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 153:315-21. [PMID: 27023119 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and hypertension remains a subject of debate. The aims of this study were to determine an association of concentrations of PAHs in housewives' hair with hypertension risk and the modification effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to Phase I metabolism of PAHs. We recruited 405 women for a cross-sectional study in Shanxi Province, China, including 170 with hypertension (the case group) and 235 without hypertension (the control group). We analyzed 26 individual PAHs in hair samples and the SNPs of the genes including cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP1A1), CYP1A2, CYP1B1 and CYP2E1. Our results showed that seven PAHs in hair samples were measured with detection rate >70%. Only acenaphthylene was found to be associated with an increased risk of hypertension with adjustment for the potential confounders following Bonferroni correction, whereas others not. No SNPs of the concerned genes were found to be associated with the risk of hypertension. A multiple interaction effect of PAHs in housewives' hair and SNPs on hypertension risk was not observed. It was concluded that PAHs tended to contribute to the formation of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Yiqiu Ma
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Yang J, Yu W, Zhou Q, Mahapatra T, Li Y, Zhang X, Chen L, Mahapatra S, Yan Y, Tang W. Burden and correlates of non-communicable-diseases among rural residents: a cross-sectional study in Hebei, China. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:571. [PMID: 26088558 PMCID: PMC4473846 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1916-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing rapidly in most of the developing countries including China, even in rural areas. Dearth of representative data called for an investigation to estimate the burden and identify the correlates of NCDs in rural China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a representative sample of 6003 consenting randomly selected rural residents aged 15 years or more, from 36 villages of Shijiazhuang in Hebei province of China between July 2010 and June 2011. Information on demographics and behavior were collected, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were measured and blood samples were tested to diagnose diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Results Majority participants were aged < 30 year, married and educated up to junior/senior high school level. Mean age for the 6003 participants was 37.4 ± 14.8. About 55.7 % had BMI of 18.6-24.9. In past 12 months: 19.8 % smoked daily, 41.6 % were exposed to passive smoking, 28.5 % drank alcohol, 10.4 % skipped breakfasts frequently, 82.8 % did never exercise and 25.3 % had psychological disturbances. 51.1 % were hypertensive, 6.7 % were diabetic and 9.2 % had hyperlipidemia. Based on self-reports, cardiovascular diseases (4.5 %), cerebrovascular diseases (2.3 %), cancers (0.2 %), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (2 %), orthopedic problems (12.1 %) and gastrointestinal NCDs (7.8 %) were identified among the participants, while proportion of subjects with one, two and three or more NCDs were 43 %, 14.4 % and 5.5 % respectively. Higher odds of having more NCDs were associated with higher BMI (Kg/M2), family history of NCDs, daily and past history of smoking and drinking, passive smoking, lack of exercise, skipping breakfast and psychological disturbances. Conclusion Despite limitations associated with cross-sectional design and self-reporting, observation in this large sample of rural residents could develop important insights regarding high burden of NCDs in this population. Based on the identified correlates, targeted intervention strategies seem to be required urgently to control NCDs in rural China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Yang
- Department of Laboratory, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China.
| | - Wenya Yu
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 050011, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Qiang Zhou
- The Bethune Medical NCO College, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050081, China.
| | - Tanmay Mahapatra
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 90066, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Yiqiu Li
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 050011, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 050011, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of STI Control, Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STI Control, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
| | - Sanchita Mahapatra
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 90066, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Yuying Yan
- Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 050011, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Weiming Tang
- Department of STI Control, Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STI Control, Guangzhou, 510095, China. .,University of North Carolina, Project-China, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
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Yıldırım A, Keleş F, Özdemir G, Koşger P, Uçar B, Alataş Ö, Kılıç Z. Homocysteine levels in normotensive children of hypertensive parents. Anatol J Cardiol 2015; 15:1008-13. [PMID: 25880056 PMCID: PMC5368454 DOI: 10.5152/akd.2015.5862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are several studies showing an association between an increase in the plasma levels of homocysteine and the pathogenesis of hypertension. In this study, we assessed normotensive children of hypertensive adult parents to determine whether there is any change in homocysteine levels prior to the onset of hypertension. METHODS A total of 79 normotensive children of essential hypertensive parents who were followed-up at the cardiology department and 72 healthy children of normotensive parents who presented to the department of pediatrics at our clinic with complaints such as nonspecific chest pain and innocent murmur were included in the study. The participants' complete blood count and low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, folic acid, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels were noted. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were noted between the two groups in terms of age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, or levels of fasting lipids, folic acid, and vitamin B12 (p>0.05). Although the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were within the normal limits in both groups, they were significantly higher in children with a family history of hypertension than in controls (p<0.05). Similarly, homocysteine levels of children with a family history of hypertension were significantly higher than those of controls (p<0.01). CONCLUSION Homocysteine levels of normotensive children of hypertensive parents are elevated before they develop hypertension. Homocysteine levels may be predictive of the subsequent development of hypertension in normotensive children of hypertensive parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yıldırım
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine; Eskişehir-Turkey.
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Guan H, Yang X, Hu J, Lu H, Tuo J. Featured distribution of AMD-susceptibility SNPs between ethnicities and the modifying effect of SNPs on AMD therapy. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/eop.09.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lao XQ, Xu YJ, Wong MCS, Zhang YH, Ma WJ, Xu XJ, Cai QM, Xu HF, Wei XL, Tang JL, Griffiths SM. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and associated factors in a developing southern Chinese population: analysis of serial cross-sectional health survey data 2002-2010. Am J Hypertens 2013; 26:1335-45. [PMID: 23846723 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpt111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate trends in the distribution, prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in a Chinese population that has had the fastest growing gross domestic product in the world over the past 3 decades. METHODS Four standardized cross-sectional health surveys were conducted between 2002 and 2010 in a population consisting of 85 million residents in Guangdong Province. Multistage cluster sampling was adopted to recruit representative samples. The data were obtained through on-site health examinations and face-to-face interviews. RESULTS The aging trend in this population was not significant (P = 0.17) during the survey period, whereas body mass index/waist circumference increased significantly (P = 0.047 for body mass index and P < 0.001 for waist circumference). The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension increased from 10.5% to 13.3%, averaging a 0.35% increase per year. A higher risk was observed in younger residents over the survey period. Awareness and treatment increased by 22.0% and 19.0%, respectively, in the rural areas, whereas there was no significant change in the urban area (the corresponding figures were 1.8% and -3.1%, respectively). There was no improvement in hypertension control (the age-standardized control prevalence in 2002 was 50.3%, whereas it was 43.2% in 2010). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hypertension increased slightly in this population with the fastest economic development. This increase mirrored the trend of increasing obesity. Awareness and treatment of hypertension have improved in the rural areas, although there were no significant changes in the urban areas. The prevalence of awareness and treatment remains at unacceptably low levels, suggesting that urgent and aggressive strategies are necessary to improve hypertension control and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qian Lao
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Jun Xu
- Guangdong Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Martin Chi Sang Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yong Hui Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Jun Ma
- Guangdong Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China; Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao Jun Xu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu Mao Cai
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Feng Xu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lin Wei
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jin Ling Tang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sian Meryl Griffiths
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and associated factors in adults in southern China. Am J Hypertens 2012; 25:590-6. [PMID: 22337206 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2012.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Little information exists on the status of hypertension among southern Chinese. We therefore investigated the hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and associated factors in a southern Chinese population with 85 million residents. METHODS Stratified multistage cluster sampling with probability proportional to size method was used in this survey. A representative sample of 13,889 residents aged 20 years or above with completed questionnaire and blood pressure (BP) measurement was obtained. BP was measured in accordance with the 1999 World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension Guidelines. Information related to history of diagnosis and treatment of hypertension was collected through questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension in this population was 20.5% (16.5%, 24.4%), which translated to 9.8 million adults suffering from hypertension in Guangdong province. The urban population had higher prevalence of hypertension than the rural population (25.1 vs. 16.1%). The prevalence of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in hypertensive patients living in urban regions were 42.8, 37.9, and 13.5%, respectively, which were higher than those in rural regions (the corresponding figures were 17.6, 10.4, and 3.4%, respectively). Nearly 50% urban adults and 80% rural adults did not measure their BP in the last 12 months. Frequency of BP measurement was associated with both awareness and treatment. CONCLUSIONS Hypertension was prevalent in southern China. The prevalence of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension is low. Urgent strategies are needed to improve prevention, detection, and treatment of hypertension in this large Chinese population.
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Wang S, Xu L, Jonas JB, Wang YX, You QS, Yang H. Dyslipidemia and eye diseases in the adult Chinese population: the Beijing eye study. PLoS One 2011; 7:e26871. [PMID: 22128290 PMCID: PMC3419255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine associations between dyslipidemia and ocular diseases, the population-based Beijing Eye Study 2006 examined 3251 subjects (age≥45 years) who underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination and biochemical blood analysis. Dyslipidemia was defined as any of the following: hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol concentration≥5.72 mmol/L (220 mg/dL)) or hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride concentration≥1.70 mmol/L (150 mg/dL)) or low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C concentration≤0.91 mmol/L (35 mg/dL)). Biochemical blood examinations were available for 2945 (90.6%) subjects. After adjustment for age, gender, habitation region, body mass index, self reported income, blood glucose concentration, diastolic blood pressure and smoking, dyslipidemia was significantly associated with higher intraocular pressure (P<0.001) and beta zone of parapapillary atrophy (P = 0.03). Dyslipidemia was not significantly associated with the prevalence of glaucoma (P = 0.99), retinal vein occlusions (P = 0.92), diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.49),presence of retinal vascular abnormalities such as focal or general arteriolar narrowing, age-related macular degeneration(P = 0.27), nuclear cataract (P = 0.14), cortical cataract (P = 0.93), and subcapsular cataract (P = 0.67). The results make one conclude that, controlled for systemic and socioeconomic parameters, dyslipidemia was not associated with common ophthalmic disorders including glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Sheng You
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wang D, Huang W, Li Y, Zheng Y, Foster PJ, Congdon N, He M. Intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, and glaucoma in chinese adults: the liwan eye study. Am J Ophthalmol 2011; 152:454-462.e1. [PMID: 21679915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2010] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the distribution of central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and their determinants and association with glaucoma in Chinese adults. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. METHODS Chinese adults aged 50 years and older were identified using cluster random sampling in Liwan District, Guangzhou. CCT (both optical [OCCT] and ultrasound [UCCT]), intraocular pressure (by Tonopen, IOP), refractive error (by autorefractor, RE), radius of corneal curvature (RCC), axial length (AL), and body mass index (BMI) were measured, and history of hypertension and diabetes (DM) was collected by questionnaire. Right eye data were analyzed. RESULTS The mean values of OCCT, UCCT, and IOP were 512 ± 29.0 μm, 542 ± 31.4 μm, and 15.2 ± 3.1 mm Hg, respectively. In multiple regression models, CCT declined with age (P < .001) and increased with greater RCC (P < .001) and DM (P = .037). IOP was positively associated with greater CCT (P < .001), BMI (P < .001), and hypertension (P < .001). All 25 persons with open-angle glaucoma had IOP <21 mm Hg. CCT did not differ significantly between persons with and without open- or closed-angle glaucoma. Among 65 persons with ocular hypertension (IOP >97.5th percentile), CCT (555 ± 29 μm) was significantly (P = .01) higher than for normal persons. CONCLUSIONS The distributions of CCT and IOP in this study are similar to that for other Chinese populations, though IOP was lower than for European populations, possibly due to lower BMI and blood pressure. Glaucoma with IOP <21 mm Hg is common in this population. We found no association between glaucoma and CCT, though power (0.3) for this analysis was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuetao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Paul J Foster
- National Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London and Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan Congdon
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Factors associated with prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in urban adults from 33 communities in China: the CHPSNE Study. Hypertens Res 2011; 34:1087-92. [PMID: 21775998 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2011.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Using a randomized multistage cluster sampling, we studied the factors associated with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension (defined as systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) measurements ≥140 and 90 mm Hg, respectively, or current drug treatment for hypertension) in a representative sample of the urban Chinese population. The participants were 18-74 years of age and had lived for at least 5 years in an area comprising 33 communities in three cities (Shenyang, Anshan and Jinzhou) in China. A total of 28 830 people were selected; the overall response rate was 87.4% (25 196/28 830). The overall prevalence of hypertension was 28.7% (7237/25 196). Of those with hypertension, 42.9% (3107/7237) were aware of their condition, 28.2% (2042/7237) were receiving treatment and 3.7% (264/7237) were considered controlled. More than half (57.8%) of the hypertensives did not think that high BP would endanger their lives. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, gender, education, occupation, income, body mass index, waist circumference and a family history of hypertension correlated significantly with the prevalence of hypertension. Among all the hypertensives, higher awareness (determined by odds ratios; 95% confidence intervals) was noted for persons who were white-collar workers (1.29; 1.08, 1.53, respectively), overweight (1.48; 1.30, 1.69), obese (3.37; 2.76, 4.11) or had a family history of hypertension (3.07; 2.76, 3.42). Among the individuals aware of their hypertension, treatment was more common in those with a higher level of education and less common among individuals consuming ≥2 alcoholic drinks per day (0.65; 0.52, 0.83). Controlled hypertension was much less common among older persons, and participants who were former smokers (0.49; 0.26, 0.91). The results indicate that more attention is needed to improve the awareness of the potentially fatal nature of hypertension in urban China.
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Wang S, Xu L, Jonas JB, You QS, Wang YX, Yang H. Prevalence and associated factors of dyslipidemia in the adult Chinese population. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17326. [PMID: 21423741 PMCID: PMC3053360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the prevalence, associated factors, awareness and control of dyslipidemia in Chinese living in Greater Beijing, we measured the serum cholesterol concentration in 3251 Chinese adults (age: 45 to 89 years) as participants of the population-based Beijing Eye Study 2006. Additional information on treatment of dyslipidemia was obtained using a standard questionnaire. The mean concentrations of total, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were 4.92±1.01 mmol/L, 1.61±0.36 mmol/L, 2.88±0.85 mmol/L, and 1.76±1.29 mmol/L, respectively. Prevalence of dyslipidemia was 56.1±0.9%%. Presence of dyslipidemia was significantly associated with increasing age (odds ratio (OR):1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.03), female gender (OR:1.51; 95%CI: 1.25, 1.83), urban region (OR:1.82; 95%CI: 1.30, 2.55), body mass index (OR:1.13; 95%CI: 1.10, 1.15), income (OR:1.11; 95%CI:1.02, 1.21), blood glucose concentration (OR:1.10; 95%CI:1.05, 1.16), diastolic blood pressure (OR:1.02; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.03), and smoking (OR:1.23; 1.01, 1.51). Among those who had dyslipidemia, the proportion of subjects who were aware, treated and controlled was 50.9%, 23.8%, and 39.91%, respectively. The awareness rate was associated with urban region (P = 0.001; OR: 6.50), body mass index (P = 0.001; OR:1.06), and income (P = 0.02; OR:1.14). The data suggest that dyslipidemia may be present in about 56% of the population aged 45+ years in Greater Beijing. Factors likely associated with dyslipidemia were higher age, female gender, urban region, higher body mass index, higher income, higher blood concentration of glucose, higher diastolic blood pressure, and smoking. In the examined study population, treatment rate was 24% with about 60% of the treated subjects still having uncontrolled dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (JBJ)
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (LX); (JBJ)
| | - Qi Sheng You
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Guo Y, Tong S, Li S, Barnett AG, Yu W, Zhang Y, Pan X. Gaseous air pollution and emergency hospital visits for hypertension in Beijing, China: a time-stratified case-crossover study. Environ Health 2010; 9:57. [PMID: 20920362 PMCID: PMC2972268 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-9-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of epidemiological studies have been conducted to research the adverse effects of air pollution on mortality and morbidity. Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. However, few previous studies have examined the relationship between gaseous air pollution and morbidity for hypertension. METHODS Daily data on emergency hospital visits (EHVs) for hypertension were collected from the Peking University Third Hospital. Daily data on gaseous air pollutants (sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) and particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) were collected from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center. A time-stratified case-crossover design was conducted to evaluate the relationship between urban gaseous air pollution and EHVs for hypertension. Temperature and relative humidity were controlled for. RESULTS In the single air pollutant models, a 10 μg/m3 increase in SO2 and NO2 were significantly associated with EHVs for hypertension. The odds ratios (ORs) were 1.037 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004-1.071) for SO2 at lag 0 day, and 1.101 (95% CI: 1.038-1.168) for NO2 at lag 3 day. After controlling for PM10, the ORs associated with SO2 and NO2 were 1.025 (95% CI: 0.987-1.065) and 1.114 (95% CI: 1.037-1.195), respectively. CONCLUSION Elevated urban gaseous air pollution was associated with increased EHVs for hypertension in Beijing, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Shilu Tong
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Child and Maternal Health and Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Adrian G Barnett
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Weiwei Yu
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Yanshen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Pollution and Health, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Xiaochuan Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Guo Y, Tong S, Zhang Y, Barnett AG, Jia Y, Pan X. The relationship between particulate air pollution and emergency hospital visits for hypertension in Beijing, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2010; 408:4446-50. [PMID: 20638709 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of epidemiological studies have examined the adverse effect of air pollution on mortality and morbidity. Also, several studies have investigated the associations between air pollution and specific-cause diseases including arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. However, little is known about the relationship between air pollution and the onset of hypertension. OBJECTIVE To explore the risk effect of particulate matter air pollution on the emergency hospital visits (EHVs) for hypertension in Beijing, China. METHODS We gathered data on daily EHVs for hypertension, fine particulate matter less than 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)), particulate matter less than 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)), sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide in Beijing, China during 2007. A time-stratified case-crossover design with distributed lag model was used to evaluate associations between ambient air pollutants and hypertension. Daily mean temperature and relative humidity were controlled in all models. RESULTS There were 1,491 EHVs for hypertension during the study period. In single pollutant models, an increase in 10 microg/m(3) in PM(2.5) and PM(10) was associated with EHVs for hypertension with odds ratios (overall effect of five days) of 1.084 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.028, 1.139) and 1.060% (95% CI: 1.020, 1.101), respectively. CONCLUSION Elevated levels of ambient particulate matters are associated with an increase in EHVs for hypertension in Beijing, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia.
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Chen B, Yang D, Chen Y, Xu W, Ye B, Ni Z. The prevalence of microalbuminuria and its relationships with the components of metabolic syndrome in the general population of China. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:705-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2009] [Revised: 01/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wang S, Xu L, Jonas JB, Wong TY, Cui T, Li Y, Wang YX, You QS, Yang H, Sun C. Major Eye Diseases and Risk Factors Associated with Systemic Hypertension in an Adult Chinese Population. Ophthalmology 2009; 116:2373-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Liu Z, Albanese E, Li S, Huang Y, Ferri CP, Yan F, Sousa R, Dang W, Prince M. Chronic disease prevalence and care among the elderly in urban and rural Beijing, China - a 10/66 Dementia Research Group cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2009; 9:394. [PMID: 19843346 PMCID: PMC2770493 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demographic ageing is occurring at an unprecedented rate in China. Chronic diseases and their disabling consequences will become much more common. Public policy has a strong urban bias, and older people living in rural areas may be especially vulnerable due to limited access to good quality healthcare, and low pension coverage. We aim to compare the sociodemographic and health characteristics, health service utilization, needs for care and informal care arrangements of representative samples of older people in two Beijing communities, urban Xicheng and rural Daxing. METHODS A one-phase cross-sectional survey of all those aged 65 years and over was conducted in urban and rural catchment areas in Beijing, China. Assessments included questionnaires, a clinical interview, physical examination, and an informant interview. Prevalence of chronic diseases, self-reported impairments and risk behaviours was calculated adjusting for household clustering. Poisson working models were used to estimate the independent effect of rural versus urban residence, and to explore the predictors of health services utilization. RESULTS We interviewed 1002 participants in rural Daxing, and 1160 in urban Xicheng. Those in Daxing were more likely to be younger, widowed, less educated, not receiving a pension, and reliant on family transfers. Chronic diseases were more common in Xicheng, when based on self-report rather than clinical assessment. Risk exposures were more common in Daxing. Rural older people were much less likely to access health services, controlling for age and health. Community health services were ineffective, particularly in Daxing, where fewer than 3% of those with hypertension were adequately controlled. In Daxing, care was provided by family, who had often given up work to do so. In Xicheng, 45% of those needing care were supported by paid caregivers. Caregiver strain was higher in Xicheng. Dementia was strongly associated with care needs and caregiver strain, but not with medical helpseeking. CONCLUSION Apparent better health in Daxing might be explained by under-diagnosis, under-reporting or selective mortality. Far-reaching structural reforms may be needed to improve access and strengthen rural healthcare. The impact of social and economic change is already apparent in Xicheng, with important implications for future long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorui Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), No 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Emiliano Albanese
- King's College London, Section of Epidemiology, Health Services & Population Research, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Shuran Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), No 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yueqin Huang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), No 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Cleusa P Ferri
- King's College London, Section of Epidemiology, Health Services & Population Research, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Fang Yan
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), No 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Renata Sousa
- King's College London, Section of Epidemiology, Health Services & Population Research, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Weimin Dang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), No 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Martin Prince
- King's College London, Section of Epidemiology, Health Services & Population Research, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
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AJH, globalization, and the Chinese Journal of Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2009; 22:919-20. [PMID: 19701158 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2009.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Liu B, Xu L, Wang YX, Jonas JB. Prevalence of Cataract Surgery and Postoperative Visual Outcome in Greater Beijing: The Beijing Eye Study. Ophthalmology 2009; 116:1322-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2008] [Revised: 01/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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