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Lan YL, Zou S, Chen R. Update on the intriguing roles of AQP4 expression and redistribution in the progression and treatment of glioma. Ann Med 2024; 56:2401111. [PMID: 39247976 PMCID: PMC11385637 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2401111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is abundant in the human brain and has an important role in brain homeostasis and diseases. AQP4 expression has been found to be associated with glioma malignancies. However, the complete understanding of the biological processes and curative importance of AQP4 in glioma remains unclear. The impact of AQP4 subcellular mislocalization on glioma progression and the precise mechanisms regarding AQP4 translocation in glioma need further investigation. In this review, we update recent findings about disturbed AQP4 expression in glioma and explore targeting AQP4 to modulate the glioma progression. Thereafter we discuss some possible mechanisms of action of AQP4 translocations in glioma. The present article offers an appropriate introduction to the potential involvement of AQP4 in the emergence and progression of glioma. Both comprehensive research into the mechanisms and systematically intervention studies focusing on AQP4 are essential. By embracing this strategy, we can obtain a new and insightful outlook on managing cancerous glioma. Although the observations summarized in this review should be confirmed with more studies, we believe that they could provide critical information for the design of more focused research that will allow for systematic and definitive evaluation of the role of AQP4 in glioma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruoli Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
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Sun KY, Bai XY, Zhang L, Zhang X, Hu QQ, Song YX, Qiang RR, Zhang N, Zou JL, Yang YL, Xiang Y. A new strategy for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage: Ferroptosis. Exp Neurol 2024; 382:114961. [PMID: 39288829 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage, is a cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity, mortality, and disability. Due to the lack of effective clinical treatments, the development of new drugs to treat intracerebral hemorrhage is necessary. In recent years, ferroptosis has been found to play an important role in the pathophysiological process of intracerebral hemorrhage, which can be treated by inhibiting ferroptosis and thus intracerebral hemorrhage. This article aims to explain the mechanism of ferroptosis and its relationship to intracerebral hemorrhage. In the meantime, it briefly discusses the molecules identified to alleviate intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting ferroptosis, along with other clinical agents that are expected to treat intracerebral hemorrhage through this mechanism. In addition, a brief overview of the morphological alterations of different forms of cell death and their role in ICH is provided. Finally, the challenges that may arise in translating ferroptosis inhibitors from basic research to clinical use are presented. This article serves as a reference and provides insights to aid in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yao Sun
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xin Yue Bai
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Qian Qian Hu
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yu Xuan Song
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | | | - Ning Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Jia Lun Zou
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yan Ling Yang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China; College of Physical Education, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China.
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Xu R, Bi Y, He X, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Kidney-tonifying blood-activating decoction delays ventricular remodeling in rats with chronic heart failure by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/p65 nuclear factor kappa-B/aquaporin-4 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118110. [PMID: 38580189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myocardial infarction has likely contributed to the increased prevalence of heart failure(HF).As a result of ventricular remodeling and reduced cardiac function, colonic blood flow decreases, causing mucosal ischemia and hypoxia of the villous structure of the intestinal wall.This damage in gut barrier function increases bowel wall permeability, leading to fluid metabolism disorder,gut microbial dysbiosis, increased gut bacteria translocation into the circulatory system and increased circulating endotoxins, thus promoting a typical inflammatory state.Traditional Chinese Medicine plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of HF.Kidney-tonifying Blood-activating(KTBA) decoction has been proved for clinical treatment of chronic HF.However,the mechanism of KTBA decoction on chronic HF is still unclear. AIMS OF THE STUDY The effect of KTBA decoction on gut microbiota and metabolites and p38MAPK/p65NF-κB/AQP4 signaling in rat colon was studied to investigate the mechanism that KTBA decoction delays ventricular remodeling and regulates water metabolism disorder in rats with HF after myocardial infarction based on the theory of "Kidney Storing Essence and Conducting Water". MATERIAL AND METHODS In vivo,a rat model of HF after myocardial infarction was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery combined with exhaustive swimming and starvation.The successful modeling rats were randomly divided into five groups:model group, tolvaptan group(gavaged 1.35mg/(kg•D) tolvaptan),KTBA decoction group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction),KTBA decoction combined with SB203580(p38MAPK inhibitor) group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction and intraperitoneally injected 1.5mg/(kg•D) of SB203580),and KTBA decoction combined with PDTC(p65NF-kB inhibitor) group(gavaged 15.75g/(kg•D) of KTBA decoction and intraperitoneally injected 120mg/(kg•D) of PDTC).The sham-operation group and model group were gavaged equal volume of normal saline.After 4 weeks of intervention with KTBA decoction,the effect of KTBA decoction on the cardiac structure and function of chronic HF model rats was observed by ultrasonic cardiogram.General state and cardiac index in rats were evaluated.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration in rat serum.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining,and transmission electron microscope(TEM) were used to observe the morphology and ultrastructure of myocardial and colonic tissue,and myocardial fibrosis was measured by Masson's staining.Cardiac E-cadherin level was detected by Western blot.The mRNA expression and protein expression levels of p38MAPK,I-κBα, p65NF-κB,AQP4,Occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissue were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Protein expression of p38MAPK, p-p38MAPK,I-κBα,p-I-κBα,p65NF-κB, p-p65NF-κB,AQP4,Occludin and ZO-1 in rat colon was detected using Western blot.Colonic microbiota and serum metabolites were respectively analyzed by amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.In vitro, CCD-841CoN cell was placed in the ischemic solution under hypoxic conditions (94%N2,5%CO2,and 1%O2) in a 37 °C incubator to establish an ischemia and hypoxia model.The CCD-841CoN cells were divided into 7 groups, namely blank group and model group with normal rat serum plus control siRNA, tolvaptan group with rat serum containing tolvaptan plus control siRNA, KTBA group with rat serum containing KTBA plus control siRNA, KTBA plus p38MAPK siRNA group, KTBA plus p65NF-κB siRNA group,and KTBA plus AQP4siRNA group.After 24h and 48h of intervention with KTBA decoction,RT-qPCR,immunofluorescence and Western blot was used to detect the mRNA expression and protein expression levels of p38MAPK,I-κBα,p65NF-κB,AQP4, Occludin and ZO-1 in CCD-841CoN cells. RESULTS Compared with the model, KTBA decoction improved the general state, decraesed the serum NT-proBNP level,HW/BW ratio, LVIDd and LVIDs, increased E-cadherin level,EF and FS,reduced number of collagen fibers deposited in the myocardial interstitium,and recovered irregular arrangement of myofibril and swollen or vacuolated mitochondria with broken crista in myocardium.Moreover, KTBA decoction inhibited the expression of p38MAPK,I-κBα,and p65NF-κB and upregulated AQP4, Occludin and ZO-1 in colon tissues and CCD-841CoN cells.Additionally,p38siRNA or SB203580, p65siRNA or PDTC, and AQP4siRNA partially weakened the protective effects of KTBA in vitro and vivo.Notably,The LEfSe analysis results showed that there were six gut biomaker bacteria in model group, including Allobaculum, Bacillales,Turicibacter, Turicibacterales,Turicibacteraceae,and Bacilli. Besides, three gut biomaker bacteria containing Deltaproteobacteria, Desulfovibrionaceae,and Desulfovibrionales were enriched by KTBA treatment in chronic HF model.There were five differential metabolites, including L-Leucine,Pelargonic acid, Capsidiol,beta-Carotene,and L- Erythrulose, which can be regulated back in the same changed metabolic routes by the intervention of KTBA.L-Leucine had the positive correlation with Bacillales, Turicibacterales,Turicibacteraceae,and Turicibacter.L-Leucine significantly impacts Protein digestion and absorption, Mineral absorption,and Central carbon metabolism in cancer regulated by KTBA, which is involved in the expression of MAPK and tight junction in intestinal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS KTBA decoction manipulates the expression of several key proteins in the p38MAPK/p65NF-κB/AQP4 signaling pathway, modulates gut microbiota and metabolites toward a more favorable profile, improves gut barrier function, delays cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis,and improves cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang,Liaoning 110847,China
| | - Yanping Bi
- Jilin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Jilin,Jilin 132000,China
| | - Xiaoteng He
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shenyang,Liaoning 110847,China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.
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Mom R, Mocquet V, Auguin D, Réty S. Aquaporin Modulation by Cations, a Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7955-7975. [PMID: 39194687 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels initially discovered for their role in water flux facilitation through biological membranes. Over the years, a much more complex and subtle picture of these channels appeared, highlighting many other solutes accommodated by AQPs and a dense regulatory network finely tuning cell membranes' water permeability. At the intersection between several transduction pathways (e.g., cell volume regulation, calcium signaling, potassium cycling, etc.), this wide and ancient protein family is considered an important therapeutic target for cancer treatment and many other pathophysiologies. However, a precise and isoform-specific modulation of these channels function is still challenging. Among the modulators of AQPs functions, cations have been shown to play a significant contribution, starting with mercury being historically associated with the inhibition of AQPs since their discovery. While the comprehension of AQPs modulation by cations has improved, a unifying molecular mechanism integrating all current knowledge is still lacking. In an effort to extract general trends, we reviewed all known modulations of AQPs by cations to capture a first glimpse of this regulatory network. We paid particular attention to the associated molecular mechanisms and pinpointed the residues involved in cation binding and in conformational changes tied up to the modulation of the channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Mom
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modelisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5239, Inserm, U1293, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allee d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Mocquet
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modelisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5239, Inserm, U1293, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allee d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Auguin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, Ecologie et Environnement (P2E), UPRES EA 1207/USC INRAE-1328, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université d'Orléans, F-45067 Orléans, France
| | - Stéphane Réty
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modelisation de la Cellule, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5239, Inserm, U1293, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allee d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
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Xu X, Zhang X, Li R, Yang X, Fu P, Feng R, Sun X, Wang Z, Yu J, Cao X, Yu Q, Wang Q, Liu S, Yang X, Zhu Y, Shi W, Deng W. Platelet Membrane-Coated Curcumin-PLGA Nanoparticles Promote Astrocyte-Neuron Transdifferentiation for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Treatment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311128. [PMID: 38888124 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a hemorrhagic disease with high mortality and disability rates. Curcumin is a promising drug for ICH treatment due to its multiple biological activities, but its application is limited by its poor watersolubility and instability. Herein, platelet membrane-coated curcumin polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (PCNPs) are prepared to achieve significantly improved solubility, stability, and sustained release of curcumin. Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction assays indicate good encapsulation of curcumin within nanoparticles. Moreover, it is revealed for the first time that curcumin-loaded nanoparticles can not only suppress hemin-induced astrocyte proliferation but also induce astrocytes into neuron-like cells in vitro. PCNPs are used to treat rat ICH by tail vein injection, using in situ administration as control. The results show that PCNPs are more effective than curcumin-PLGA nanoparticles in concentrating on hemorrhagic lesions, inhibiting inflammation, suppressing astrogliosis, promoting neurogenesis, and improving motor functions. The treatment efficacy of intravenously administered PCNPs is comparable to that of in situ administration, indicating a good targeting effect of PCNPs on the hemorrhage site. This study provides a potent treatment for hemorrhagic injuries and a promising solution for efficient delivery of water-insoluble drugs using composite materials of macromolecules and cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Ran Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Xiufen Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Peng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Ruijie Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Xia Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Qingtong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
| | - Wentao Shi
- Central Laboratory, Gaochun Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211300, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, 202013, China
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Abudurexiti M, Xue J, Li X, Zhang X, Qiu Y, Xiong S, Liu G, Yuan S, Tang R. Curcumin/TGF-β1 siRNA loaded solid lipid nanoparticles alleviate cerebral injury after intracerebral hemorrhage by transnasal brain targeting. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 237:113857. [PMID: 38552289 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a prevalent cerebrovascular disorder. The inflammation induced by cerebral hemorrhage plays a crucial role in the secondary injury of ICH and often accompanied by a poor prognosis, leading to disease exacerbation. However, blood-brain barrier (BBB) limiting the penetration of therapeutic drugs to the brain. In this paper, our primary objective is to develop an innovative, non-invasive, safe, and targeted formulation. This novel approach aims to synergistically harness the combined therapeutic effects of drugs to intervene in inflammation via a non-injectable route, thereby significantly mitigating the secondary damage precipitated by inflammation following ICH. Thus, a novel "anti-inflammatory" cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with targeting ability were constructed, which can enhance the stability of curcumin(CUR) and siRNA. We successfully developed SLN loaded with TGF-β1 siRNA and CUR (siRNA/CUR@SLN) that adhere to the requirements of drug delivery system by transnasal brain targeting. Through the characterization of nanoparticle properties, cytotoxicity assessment, in vitro pharmacological evaluation, and brain-targeting evaluation after nasal administration, siRNA/CUR@SLN exhibited a nearly spherical structure with a particle size of 125.0±1.93 nm, low cytotoxicity, high drug loading capacity, good sustained release function and good stability. In vitro anti-inflammatory results showcasing its remarkable anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, in vivo pharmacological studies revealed that siRNA/CUR@SLN can be successfully delivered to brain tissue. Furthermore, it also elicited an effective anti-inflammatory response, alleviating brain inflammation. These results indicated that favorable brain-targeting ability and anti-inflammatory effects of siRNA/CUR@SLN in ICH model mice. In conclusion, our designed siRNA/CUR@SLN showed good brain targeting and anti-inflammatory effect ability after nasal administration, which lays the foundation for the treatment of inflammation caused by ICH and offers a novel approach for brain-targeted drug delivery and brings new hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munire Abudurexiti
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chendu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongyi Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Senjie Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guojing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sangui Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongrui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Ma Y, Hu X, Shen S, Pan D. Geniposide ameliorates brain injury in mice with intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Neurol Res 2024; 46:346-355. [PMID: 38402902 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2321014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are critical players in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Geniposide is an active component of Gardenia that has anti-inflammatory effects. This study focused on the roles and mechanisms of geniposide in ICH. METHODS ICH was established by injecting collagenase IV into C57BL/6 mice. To determine the functions of geniposide and NF-κB inhibition in ICH model mice, geniposide (1, 25, or 50 mg/kg) or PDTC (a NF-κB inhibitor) was administered. Neurological functions were assessed with the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) test. Hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to identify pathological changes. IL-1β and TNF-α levels were estimated with ELISA kits. NF-κB p65 localization was determined by immunofluorescence staining. Oxidative stress was analyzed by measuring ROS levels. RESULTS Geniposide alleviated cerebral edema and neurological deficits. Geniposide inhibited neuroinflammation and oxidative stress after ICH, and the inhibitory effects were enhanced by NF-κB inhibition. Additionally, geniposide inhibited NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSION Geniposide alleviates brain injury by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress damage in experimental ICH models by inhibiting NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huang Shi Central Hospital, HuangShi, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huang Shi Central Hospital, HuangShi, China
| | - Songbo Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huang Shi Central Hospital, HuangShi, China
| | - Dongmei Pan
- Department of Geriatrics, Huang Shi Central Hospital, HuangShi, China
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8
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Abdeltawab MS, Abdel-Shafi IR, Aboulhoda BE, Mahfoz AM, Hamed AM. The neuroprotective potential of curcumin on T. Spiralis infected mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:99. [PMID: 38388410 PMCID: PMC10882799 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichinella spiralis can affect the brain by inducing inflammatory and vascular changes. Drug management with the antiparasitic drug albendazole can be enhanced by natural compounds such as curcumin. The potential benefit of curcumin as an adjuvant to albendazole in the management of cerebral affection during experimental T. spiralis infection was evaluated. Animals received either curcumin 150 mg/Kg, albendazole 50 mg/Kg or a combination of both drugs. Animal groups receiving treatment were compared with infected and non-infected control groups. Blood levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and dopamine were measured, and brain tissue expression of cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme (COX-2) and CD34 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS T. spiralis infection resulted in a state of oxidative stress, which was improved by albendazole and curcumin. Also, both drugs restored the peripheral dopamine level, which was decreased in infected non-treated mice. Curcumin was also found to be efficient in improving brain pathology and reducing local COX-2 and CD 34 expression. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory and pathological changes during neurotrichinosis can be improved by the addition of curcumin to conventional anti-parasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Sa Abdeltawab
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman R Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal M Mahfoz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Alshaimaa Mr Hamed
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Dong H, Wen X, Zhang BW, Wu Z, Zou W. Astrocytes in intracerebral hemorrhage: impact and therapeutic objectives. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1327472. [PMID: 38419793 PMCID: PMC10899346 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1327472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) manifests precipitously and profoundly impairs the neurological function in patients who are affected. The etiology of subsequent injury post-ICH is multifaceted, characterized by the intricate interplay of various factors, rendering therapeutic interventions challenging. Astrocytes, a distinct class of glial cells, interact with neurons and microglia, and are implicated in a series of pathophysiological alterations following ICH. A comprehensive examination of the functions and mechanisms associated with astrocytic proteins may shed light on the role of astrocytes in ICH pathology and proffer innovative therapeutic avenues for ICH management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Wen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bai-Wen Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Zou
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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10
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Li Y, Nan D, Liu R, Li J, Zhang Z, Deng J, Zhang Y, Yan Z, Hou C, Yao E, Sun W, Wang Z, Huang Y. Aquaporin 4 Mediates the Effect of Iron Overload on Hydrocephalus After Intraventricular Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2024; 40:225-236. [PMID: 37208490 PMCID: PMC10861395 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-023-01746-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron overload plays an important role in hydrocephalus development following intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) participates in the balance of cerebrospinal fluid secretion and absorption. The current study investigated the role of AQP4 in the formation of hydrocephalus caused by iron overload after IVH. METHODS There were three parts to this study. First, Sprague-Dawley rats received an intraventricular injection of 100 µl autologous blood or saline control. Second, rats had IVH and were treated with deferoxamine (DFX), an iron chelator, or vehicle. Third, rats had IVH and were treated with 2-(nicotinamide)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (TGN-020), a specific AQP4 inhibitor, or vehicle. Rats underwent T2-weighted and T2* gradient-echo magnetic resonance imaging to assess lateral ventricular volume and intraventricular iron deposition at 7, 14, and 28 days after intraventricular injection and were then euthanized. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted on the rat brains to evaluate the expression of AQP4 at different time points. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained brain sections were obtained to assess the ventricular wall damage on day 28. RESULTS Intraventricular injection of autologous blood caused a significant ventricular dilatation, iron deposition, and ventricular wall damage. There was increased AQP4 mRNA and protein expression in the periventricular tissue in IVH rats through day 7 to day 28. The DFX treatment group had a lower lateral ventricular volume and less intraventricular iron deposition and ventricular wall damage than the vehicle-treated group after IVH. The expression of AQP4 protein in periventricular tissue was also inhibited by DFX on days 14 and 28 after IVH. The use of TGN-020 attenuated hydrocephalus development after IVH and inhibited the expression of AQP4 protein in the periventricular tissue between day 14 and day 28 without a significant effect on intraventricular iron deposition or ventricular wall damage. CONCLUSIONS AQP4 located in the periventricular area mediated the effect of iron overload on hydrocephalus after IVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Nan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Jieyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziguang Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Hou
- Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ensheng Yao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weiping Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neurovascular Disease Discovery, Beijing, China
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11
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Barile B, Mola MG, Formaggio F, Saracino E, Cibelli A, Gargano CD, Mogni G, Frigeri A, Caprini M, Benfenati V, Nicchia GP. AQP4-independent TRPV4 modulation of plasma membrane water permeability. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1247761. [PMID: 37720545 PMCID: PMC10500071 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1247761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite of the major role of aquaporin (AQP) water channels in controlling transmembrane water fluxes, alternative ways for modulating water permeation have been proposed. In the Central Nervous System (CNS), Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is reported to be functionally coupled with the calcium-channel Transient-Receptor Potential Vanilloid member-4 (TRPV4), which is controversially involved in cell volume regulation mechanisms and water transport dynamics. The present work aims to investigate the selective role of TRPV4 in regulating plasma membrane water permeability in an AQP4-independent way. Fluorescence-quenching water transport experiments in Aqp4-/- astrocytes revealed that cell swelling rate is significantly increased upon TRPV4 activation and in the absence of AQP4. The biophysical properties of TRPV4-dependent water transport were therefore assessed using the HEK-293 cell model. Calcein quenching experiments showed that chemical and thermal activation of TRPV4 overexpressed in HEK-293 cells leads to faster swelling kinetics. Stopped-flow light scattering water transport assay was used to measure the osmotic permeability coefficient (Pf, cm/s) and activation energy (Ea, kcal/mol) conferred by TRPV4. Results provided evidence that although the Pf measured upon TRPV4 activation is lower than the one obtained in AQP4-overexpressing cells (Pf of AQP4 = 0.01667 ± 0.0007; Pf of TRPV4 = 0.002261 ± 0.0004; Pf of TRPV4 + 4αPDD = 0.007985 ± 0.0006; Pf of WT = 0.002249 ± 0.0002), along with activation energy values (Ea of AQP4 = 0.86 ± 0.0006; Ea of TRPV4 + 4αPDD = 2.73 ± 1.9; Ea of WT = 8.532 ± 0.4), these parameters were compatible with a facilitated pathway for water movement rather than simple diffusion. The possibility to tune plasma membrane water permeability more finely through TRPV4 might represent a protective mechanism in cells constantly facing severe osmotic challenges to avoid the potential deleterious effects of the rapid cell swelling occurring via AQP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Barile
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Mola
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Formaggio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Saracino
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Cibelli
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Domenica Gargano
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Guido Mogni
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Frigeri
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 840 Kennedy Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Marco Caprini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Benfenati
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Grazia Paola Nicchia
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 840 Kennedy Center, Bronx, NY, United States
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12
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Uchida Y, Kan H, Furukawa G, Onda K, Sakurai K, Takada K, Matsukawa N, Oishi K. Relationship between brain iron dynamics and blood-brain barrier function during childhood: a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:60. [PMID: 37592310 PMCID: PMC10433620 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence suggests that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays an important role in the regulation of brain iron homeostasis in normal brain development, but these imaging profiles remain to be elucidated. We aimed to establish a relationship between brain iron dynamics and BBB function during childhood using a combined quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to depict both physiological systems along developmental trajectories. METHODS In this single-center prospective study, consecutive outpatients, 2-180 months of age, who underwent brain MRI (3.0-T scanner; Ingenia; Philips) between January 2020 and January 2021, were included. Children with histories of preterm birth or birth defects, abnormalities on MRI, and diagnoses that included neurological diseases during follow-up examinations through December 2022 were excluded. In addition to clinical MRI, quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM; iron deposition measure) and diffusion-prepared pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (DP-pCASL; BBB function measure) were acquired. Atlas-based analyses for QSM and DP-pCASL were performed to investigate developmental trajectories of regional brain iron deposition and BBB function and their relationships. RESULTS A total of 78 children (mean age, 73.8 months ± 61.5 [SD]; 43 boys) were evaluated. Rapid magnetic susceptibility progression in the brain (Δsusceptibility value) was observed during the first two years (globus pallidus, 1.26 ± 0.18 [× 10- 3 ppm/month]; substantia nigra, 0.68 ± 0.16; thalamus, 0.15 ± 0.04). The scattergram between the Δsusceptibility value and the water exchange rate across the BBB (kw) divided by the cerebral blood flow was well fitted to the sigmoidal curve model, whose inflection point differed among each deep gray-matter nucleus (globus pallidus, 2.96-3.03 [mL/100 g]-1; substantia nigra, 3.12-3.15; thalamus, 3.64-3.67) in accordance with the regional heterogeneity of brain iron accumulation. CONCLUSIONS The combined quantitative MRI study of QSM and DP-pCASL for pediatric brains demonstrated the relationship between brain iron dynamics and BBB function during childhood. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry identifier: UMIN000039047, registered January 6, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Uchida
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 208 Traylor Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Hirohito Kan
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1- 1-20, Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-8673, Aichi, Japan
| | - Gen Furukawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98, Kutsukake-cho, Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kengo Onda
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 208 Traylor Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Keita Sakurai
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koji Takada
- Department of Neurology, Toyokawa City Hospital, 23, Noji, Yawata-cho, Toyokawa, 442-0857, Aichi, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsukawa
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 208 Traylor Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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13
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Sulforaphane Upregulates Cultured Mouse Astrocytic Aquaporin-4 Expression through p38 MAPK Pathway. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1144124. [PMID: 35991296 PMCID: PMC9385362 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1144124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and/or aggregation are common pathological features associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD). Abnormal protein aggregation may be caused by misfolding of the protein and/or dysfunction of the protein clearance system. Recent studies have demonstrated that the specific water channel protein, aquaporin-4 (AQP4), plays a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases involving protein clearance system. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of sulforaphane (SFN) in the upregulation of AQP4 expression, along with its underlying mechanism using cultured mouse astrocytes as a model system. At low concentrations, SFN was found to increase cell proliferation and result in the activation of astrocytes. However, high SFN concentrations were found to suppress cell proliferation of astrocytes. In addition, our study found that a 1 μM concentration of SFN resulted in the upregulation of AQP4 expression and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in cultured mouse astrocytes. Moreover, we demonstrated that the upregulation of AQP4 expression was significantly attenuated when cells were pretreated with SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor. In conclusion, our findings from this study revealed that SFN exerts hormesis effect on cultured mouse astrocytes and can upregulate astrocytic AQP4 expression by targeting the p38 MAPK pathway.
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14
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Chen B, Kong X, Li Z, Hu W, Zhou H, Gao J, Cui Y, Li S, Wan Q, Feng Y. Downregulation of NF-κB by Shp-1 alleviates cerebral venous sinus thrombosis-induced brain edema via suppression of AQP4. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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15
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Marques MS, Marinho MAG, Vian CO, Horn AP. The action of curcumin against damage resulting from cerebral stroke: a systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106369. [PMID: 35914679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Treatments for stroke are limited, and preventive treatments are scarce. Curcumin (CUR) has several biological effects, as described in the literature, which highlight its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of CUR on damage caused by stroke in rodent models. A systematic search was performed on three databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. In addition, the risk-of-bias and quality of the studies were assessed using SYRCLE and Collaborative Approach for Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies, respectively. The selection, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were established by the authors. At the end of our systematic search of the three databases, we found a total of 728 articles. After excluding duplicates and triplicates and reading the abstracts, keywords, and full texts, 53 articles were finally included in this systematic review. CUR exerts several beneficial effects against the damage caused by both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, via different pathways. However, because of its low bioavailability, Free-form CUR only exerted significant effects when it was administered at high concentrations. In contrast, when CUR was administered using nanostructured systems, positive responses were observed even at low concentrations. The mechanisms of action of CUR, free or in nanostructure, are extremely important for the recovery of injured brain tissue after a stroke; CUR has neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and helps to maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Finally, we concluded that CUR presents an extremely important and significant response profile against the damage caused by stroke, making it a possible therapeutic candidate for individuals affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Marques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil.
| | - M A G Marinho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - C O Vian
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - A P Horn
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
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16
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Vellingiri B, Suriyanarayanan A, Abraham KS, Venkatesan D, Iyer M, Raj N, Gopalakrishnan AV. Influence of heavy metals in Parkinson's disease: an overview. J Neurol 2022; 269:5798-5811. [PMID: 35900586 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11282-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an ageing disorder with deterioration of dopamine neurons which leads to motor complications like tremor, stiffness, slow movement and postural disturbances. In PD, both genetics as well as environmental factors both play a major role in causing the pathogenesis. Though there are surfeit of risk factors involved in PD occurrence, till now there is lack of an exact causative agent as a risk for PD with confirmative findings. The role of heavy metals reported to be a significant factor in PD pathogenesis. Heavy metal functions in cell maintenance but growing pieces of evidences reported to cause dyshomeostasis with increased PD rate. Metals disturb the molecular processes and results in oxidative stress, DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. The present review elucidates the role of cobalt, nickel, mercury, chromium, thallium metals in α-synuclein aggregation and its involvement in blood brain barrier flux. Also, the review explains the plausible role of aforementioned metals with a mechanistic approach and therapeutic recommendations in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Atchaya Suriyanarayanan
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kripa Susan Abraham
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhivya Venkatesan
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Livestock Farming and Bioresource Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neethu Raj
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
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17
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Duan C, Wang H, Jiao D, Geng Y, Wu Q, Yan H, Li C. Curcumin Restrains Oxidative Stress of After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rat by Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:889226. [PMID: 35571134 PMCID: PMC9092178 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.889226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a severe hemorrhagic stroke, induces cerebral oxidative stress and severe secondary neurological injury. Curcumin was demonstrated to inhibit oxidative stress in the brain after ICH. However, the pharmacological mechanism needs further research. We used an intrastriatal injection of autologous blood to make the rat ICH model, and then the rat was treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg/day). Modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) and corner test results showed that curcumin could significantly promote the neurological recovery of ICH rats. Meanwhile, curcumin could substantially reduce ROS and MDA in the tissues around intracranial hematoma and prevent GSH depletion. To explore the pharmacological molecular mechanism of curcumin, we used HAPI cells and primary rat cortical microglia for in vitro experiments. In vitro, heme-treated cells were used as the cell model of ICH to explore the molecular mechanism of inhibiting oxidative stress by curcumin treatment. The results showed that curcumin significantly inhibited heme-induced oxidative stress, decreased intracellular ROS and MDA, and promoted Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant gene (HO-1, NQO1, and Gpx4) expression. These results suggest that curcumin inhibits oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Here, our results indicate that curcumin can promote the inhibition of oxidative stress in microglia by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and promoting neurological recovery after ICH, providing a new therapeutic target for clinical treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Duan
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hanbin Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Dian Jiao
- Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanqin Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiaoli Wu
- Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunhui Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Hebei University, Baoding, China
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18
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Investigation of the effect of curcumin on oxidative stress, local inflammatory response, COX-2 expression, and microvessel density in Trichinella spiralis induced enteritis, myositis and myocarditis in mice. Helminthologia 2022; 59:18-36. [PMID: 35601760 PMCID: PMC9075878 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2022-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Curcumin exerts anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that have proven to be of value in the management of several parasitic infections. Objective Investigation of the value of curcumin in the management of trichinosis either alone or as an adjuvant to albendazole. Methods Animals received either curcumin 150 mg/kg, curcumin 300 mg/kg, albendazole 50 mg/ kg or combined curcumin 150mg/kg and albendazole 50 mg/kg and were compared with control infected and non-infected mice. Estimation of intestinal and muscular parasitic load and blood malondialdehyde level, in addition to the histopathological examination of small intestine, skeletal muscle tissue and heart was performed. Also, assessment of the local expression of cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme (COX-2) and CD34 in these samples was done by immunohistochemistry. Results Curcumin was found efficient in reducing parasitic load. It also lowered serum MDA level, local COX-2 and CD34 expression. An evident anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin was observed in intestinal, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle histopathological sections. Conclusion The anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-angiogenic effects of curcumin can help to improve trichinellosis-induced pathology. Curcumin can therefore be of value as an adjuvant therapy to conventional antiparasitic agents and can also produce promising results when used alone at higher doses.
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19
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Pimpão C, Wragg D, da Silva IV, Casini A, Soveral G. Aquaglyceroporin Modulators as Emergent Pharmacological Molecules for Human Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:845237. [PMID: 35187089 PMCID: PMC8850838 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.845237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaglyceroporins, a sub-class of aquaporins that facilitate the diffusion of water, glycerol and other small uncharged solutes across cell membranes, have been recognized for their important role in human physiology and their involvement in multiple disorders, mostly related to disturbed energy homeostasis. Aquaglyceroporins dysfunction in a variety of pathological conditions highlighted their targeting as novel therapeutic strategies, boosting the search for potent and selective modulators with pharmacological properties. The identification of selective inhibitors with potential clinical applications has been challenging, relying on accurate assays to measure membrane glycerol permeability and validate effective functional blockers. Additionally, biologicals such as hormones and natural compounds have been revealed as alternative strategies to modulate aquaglyceroporins via their gene and protein expression. This review summarizes the current knowledge of aquaglyceroporins’ involvement in several pathologies and the experimental approaches used to evaluate glycerol permeability and aquaglyceroporin modulation. In addition, we provide an update on aquaglyceroporins modulators reported to impact disease, unveiling aquaglyceroporin pharmacological targeting as a promising approach for innovative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pimpão
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Darren Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Inês V. da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Angela Casini, ; Graça Soveral,
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Angela Casini, ; Graça Soveral,
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Yang C, Han M, Li R, Zhou L, Zhang Y, Duan L, Su S, Li M, Wang Q, Chen T, Mo Y. Curcumin Nanoparticles Inhibiting Ferroptosis for the Enhanced Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:8049-8065. [PMID: 34938072 PMCID: PMC8685769 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s334965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ligui Zhou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lining Duan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Su
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Tongkai Chen; Yousheng Mo Email ;
| | - Yousheng Mo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China
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The pivotal role of the NLRC4 inflammasome in neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1807-1818. [PMID: 34848837 PMCID: PMC8639719 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRC4 inflammasome, a member of the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family, amplifies inflammation by facilitating the processing of caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18. We explored whether NLRC4 knockdown alleviated inflammatory injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Furthermore, we investigated whether NLRC4 inflammasome activation can be adjusted by the regulator of G protein signaling 2/leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 pathway. Fifty microliters of arterial blood was drawn and injected into the basal ganglion to simulate the ICH model. NLRC4 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were utilized to knockdown NLRC4. An LRRK2 inhibitor (GNE7915) was injected into the abdominal cavity. Short hairpin (sh) RNA lentiviruses and lentiviruses containing RGS2 were designed and applied to knockdown and promote RGS2 expression. Neurological functions, brain edema, Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Nissl staining, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence assay and Evans blue dye extravasation and autofluorescence assay were evaluated. It was shown that the NLRC4 inflammasome was activated following ICH injury. NLRC4 knockdown extenuated neuronal death, damage to the blood-brain barrier, brain edema and neurological deficiency 3 days after ICH. NLRC4 knockdown reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) cells as well as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and IL-18 following ICH. GNE7915 reduced pNLRC4 and NLRC4 inflammasome activation. RGS2 suppressed the interaction of LRRK2 and NLRC4 and NLRC4 inflammasome activation by regulating pLRRK2. Our study demonstrated that the NLRC4 inflammasome may aggravate the inflammatory injury induced by ICH and that RGS2/LRRK2 may relieve inflammatory injury by restraining NLRC4 inflammasome activation.
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22
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Combined Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Curcumin in Melanoma Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1969863. [PMID: 34825002 PMCID: PMC8610675 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1969863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) has interesting properties to cure cancer. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is also an emerging biomedical technique that has great potential for cancer treatment. Therefore, the combined effect of CAP and CUR on inducing cytotoxicity and apoptosis of melanoma cancer cells might be promising. Here, we investigated the combined effects of CAP and CUR on cytotoxicity and apoptosis in B16-F10 melanoma cancer cells compared to L929 normal cells using MTT method, acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescence microscopic assay, and Annexin V/PI flow cytometry. In addition, the activation of apoptosis pathways was evaluated using BCL2, BAX, and Caspase-3 (CASP3) gene expression and ratio of BAX to BCL2 (BAX/BCL2). Finally, in silico study was performed to suggest the molecular mechanism of this combination therapy on melanoma cancer. Results showed that although combination therapy with CUR and CAP has cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on cancer cells, it did not improve apoptosis rate in melanoma B16-F10 cancer cells compared to monotherapy with CAP or CUR. In addition, evaluation of gene expression in cancer cell line confirmed that CUR and CAP concomitant treatment did not enhance the expression of apoptotic genes. In silico analysis of docked model suggested that CUR blocks aquaporin- (AQP-) 1 channel and prevents penetration of CAP-induced ROS into the cells. In conclusion, combination therapy with CAP and CUR does not improve the anticancer effect of each alone.
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Neuroprotective Therapies for Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2021; 35:862-886. [PMID: 34341912 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-021-01311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients who survive the initial ictus of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain vulnerable to subsequent injury of the perilesional parenchyma by molecular and cellular responses to the hematoma. Secondary brain injury after ICH, which contributes to long-term functional impairment and mortality, has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical evidence for neuroprotective therapies targeting secondary injury pathways following ICH. A focus on therapies with pleiotropic antiinflammatory effects that target thrombin-mediated chemotaxis and inflammatory cell migration has led to studies investigating statins, anticholinergics, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists, and magnesium. Attempts to modulate ICH-induced blood-brain barrier breakdown and perihematomal edema formation has prompted studies of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, and complement inhibitors. Iron chelators, such as deferoxamine and albumin, have been used to reduce the free radical injury that ensues from erythrocyte lysis. Stem cell transplantation has been assessed for its potential to enhance subacute neurogenesis and functional recovery. Despite promising preclinical results of numerous agents, their outcomes have not yet translated into positive clinical trials in patients with ICH. Further studies are necessary to improve our understanding of the molecular events that promote damage and inflammation of the perihematomal parenchyma after ICH. Elucidating the temporal and pathophysiologic features of this secondary brain injury could enhance the clinical efficacy of neuroprotective therapies for ICH.
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Lv T, Zhao B, Hu Q, Zhang X. The Glymphatic System: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Stroke Treatment. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:689098. [PMID: 34305569 PMCID: PMC8297504 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.689098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system (GS) is a novel defined brain-wide perivascular transit network between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial solutes that facilitates the clearance of brain metabolic wastes. The complicated network of the GS consists of the periarterial CSF influx pathway, astrocytes-mediated convective transport of fluid and solutes supported by AQP4 water channels, and perivenous efflux pathway. Recent researches indicate that the GS dysfunction is associated with various neurological disorders, including traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, migraine, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Meanwhile, the GS also plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiological process of stroke, including brain edema, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, immune cell infiltration, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. In this review, we illustrated the key anatomical structures of the GS, the relationship between the GS and the meningeal lymphatic system, the interaction between the GS and the BBB, and the crosstalk between astrocytes and other GS cellular components. In addition, we contributed to the current knowledge about the role of the GS in the pathology of stroke and the role of AQP4 in stroke. We further discussed the potential use of the GS in early risk assessment, diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Experimental evidence and mechanism of action of some popular neuro-nutraceutical herbs. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105124. [PMID: 34245808 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain and neuronal circuits constitute the most complex organ networks in human body. They not only control and coordinate functions of all other organs, but also represent one of the most-affected systems with stress, lifestyle and age. With global increase in aging populations, these neuropathologies have emerged as major concern for maintaining quality of life. Recent era has witnessed a surge in nutritional remediation of brain dysfunctions primarily by "nutraceuticals" that refer to functional foods and supplements with pharmacological potential. Specific dietary patterns with a balanced intake of carbohydrates, fatty acids, vitamins and micronutrients have also been ascertained to promote brain health. Dietary herbs and their phytochemicals with wide range of biological and pharmacological activities and minimal adverse effects have gained remarkable attention as neuro-nutraceuticals. Neuro-nutraceutical potentials of herbs are often expressed as effects on cognitive response, circadian rhythm, neuromodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that are mediated by effects on gene expression, epigenetics, protein synthesis along with their turnover and metabolic pathways. Epidemiological and experimental evidence have implicated enormous applications of herbal supplementation in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. The present review highlights the identification, experimental evidence and applications of some herbs including Bacopa monniera, Withania somnifera, Curcuma longa, Helicteres angustifolia, Undaria pinnatifida, Haematococcus pluvialis, and Vitis vinifera, as neuro-nutraceuticals.
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Dadgostar E, Tajiknia V, Shamsaki N, Naderi-Taheri M, Aschner M, Mirzaei H, Tamtaji OR. Aquaporin 4 and brain-related disorders: Insights into its apoptosis roles. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:983-994. [PMID: 34267610 PMCID: PMC8278210 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Brain-related disorders are leading global health problems. Various internal and external factors are involved in the progression of brain-related disorders. Inflammatory pathways, oxidative stresses, apoptosis, and deregulations of various channels are critical players in brain-related disorder pathogenesis. Among these players, aquaporins (AQP) have critical roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. AQPs are water channel molecules that permit water to cross the hydrophobic lipid bilayers of cellular membranes. AQP4 is one of the important members of AQP family. AQPs are involved in controlling apoptosis pathways in brain-related disorders. In this regard, several reports have evaluated the pathological effects of AQP4 by targeting the apoptosis-related processes in brain-related disorders. Here, for the first time, we highlight the impact of AQP4 on apoptosis-related processes in brain-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Dadgostar
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vida Tajiknia
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Shamsaki
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Naderi-Taheri
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Yang Y, Deng G, Wang P, Lv G, Mao R, Sun Y, Wang B, Liu X, Bian L, Zhou D. A Selenium Nanocomposite Protects the Mouse Brain from Oxidative Injury Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:775-788. [PMID: 33574665 PMCID: PMC7871993 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s293681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common neurological crisis leading to high mortality and morbidity. Oxidative stress-induced secondary injury plays a critical role in neurological deterioration. Previously, we synthesized a porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite and identified their therapeutic role in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Whether this nanocomposite is neuroprotective remains to be elucidated. METHODS A porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized, and its biosafety was determined using a CCK-8 assay. The neuroprotective effect was evaluated by TUNEL staining, and intracellular ROS were detected with a DCFH-DA probe in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to hemin. Furthermore, the effect of the nanocomposite on cell apoptosis, brain edema and blood-brain barrier permeability were evaluated in a collagenase-induced ICH mouse model. The potential mechanism was also explored. RESULTS The results demonstrated that Se@SiO2 treatment significantly improved neurological function, increased glutathione peroxidase activity and downregulated malonaldehyde levels. The proportion of apoptotic cells, brain edema and blood-brain barrier permeability were reduced significantly in ICH mice treated with Se@SiO2 compared to vehicle-treated mice. In vitro, Se@SiO2 protected SH-SY5Y cells from hemin-induced apoptosis by preventing intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite exerted neuroprotection by suppressing oxidative stress. Se@SiO2 may be a potential candidate for the clinical treatment of ICH and oxidative stress-related brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoying Deng
- Trauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangzhao Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xijian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liuguan Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
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Protection Against Radiation-Induced Duox1 and Duox2 Upregulation in Rat's Lung Tissues by a Combination of Curcumin and L-Selenomethionine. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.81767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It has been proposed that increased levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines play a key role in radiation-induced lung injury. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 are two pro-fibrotic cytokines that promote the production of free radicals through stimulation of Duox1 and Duox2. In this experimental study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of IL4Ra1, Duox1, IL13Ra2, and Duox2 genes following rat’s lung irradiation. Objectives: Also, we detected the modulatory effect of a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine on the expression of these genes. Methods: Twenty male rats were divided into four groups as G1: control (no treatment or radiation); G2: treatment with a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine; G3: radiation; G4: radiation plus a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine. sixty-seven days after irradiation, rats were killed for detecting the expression of IL4Ra1, IL13Ra2, Duox1, and Duox2. Results: The results showed no detectable expression for IL13Ra2, while the expression of IL4Ra1, Duox1, and Duox2 was increased. Treatment with a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine could attenuate the expression of these genes. Conclusions: This study proposes that upregulation of Duox1 and Duox2 may be involved in radiation-induced lung injury. Treatment with a combination of curcumin and L-selenomethionine may be useful for the mitigation of lung injury through modulation of these genes.
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Lian L, Zhang C, He Z. Glycine-Histidine-Lysine (GHK) Alleviates Astrocytes Injury of Intracerebral Hemorrhage via the Akt/miR-146a-3p/AQP4 Pathway. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:576389. [PMID: 33192260 PMCID: PMC7658812 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.576389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major type of cerebrovascular disease with poor prognosis. Recent studies have shown that Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine (GHK) is a kind of natural human tripeptide which could inhibit inflammation and against neurodegenerative diseases, but neither its role nor the mechanisms in ICH have yet been explicit. Currently, we investigated the possible strategies of GHK on ICH injury. Neurological deficit scores, brain water content, Nissl staining, and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) immunohistochemistry were detected in different groups of rats. The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) was examined by real-time PCR. Inflammatory factors were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell viability and cell proliferation were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), AQP4 expression were detected/assessed using western blot. We observed that 5 and 10 μg/g of GHK improved neurological recovery by significantly reducing brain water content, improving neurological deficits, and promoting neuron survival. Besides, GHK alleviated inflammatory reaction and downregulated AQP4 expression. Furthermore, the effects of GHK on astrocyte were associated with the upregulation of miRNA-146a-3p, which partially regulated the expression of AQP4. Our results demonstrated that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway participated in the GHK-induced upregulation of miR-146a-3p and miR-146a-3p/AQP4 interaction plays a role in the injury following ICH. These findings suggested that GHK could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Rajdev K, Mehan S. Neuroprotective Methodologies of Co-Enzyme Q10 Mediated Brain Hemorrhagic Treatment: Clinical and Pre-Clinical Findings. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:446-465. [PMID: 31187715 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190610101144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral brain hemorrhage is associated with the highest mortality and morbidity despite only constituting approximately 10-15% of all strokes classified into intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhage where most of the patients suffer from impairment in memory, weakness or paralysis in arms or legs, headache, fatigue, gait abnormality and cognitive dysfunctions. Understanding molecular pathology and finding the worsening cause of hemorrhage will lead to explore the therapeutic interventions that could prevent and cure the disease. Mitochondrial ETC-complexes dysfunction has been found to increase neuroinflammatory cytokines, oxidative free radicals, excitotoxicity, neurotransmitter and energy imbalance that are the key neuropathological hallmarks of cerebral hemorrhage. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), as a part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain can effectively restore these neuronal dysfunctions by preventing the opening of mitochondrial membrane transition pore, thereby counteracting cell death events as well as exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by influencing the expression of NF-kB1 dependent genes thus preventing the neuroinflammation and energy restoration. Due to behavior and biochemical heterogeneity in post cerebral brain hemorrhagic pattern different preclinical autologous blood injection models are required to precisely investigate the forthcoming therapeutic strategies. Despite emerging pre-clinical research and resultant large clinical trials for promising symptomatic treatments, there are very less pharmacological interventions demonstrated to improve post operative condition of patients where intensive care is required. Therefore, in current review, we explore the disease pattern, clinical and pre-clinical interventions under investigation and neuroprotective methodologies of CoQ10 precursors to ameliorate post brain hemorrhagic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Rajdev
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Corticosteroids have been essential in the management of brain tumor patients for decades, primarily for the treatment of peritumoral cerebral edema and its associated neurologic deficits. Dexamethasone is the drug of choice with standard practice being administration up to four times per day, however, because of its long biologic half-life and high potency, once or twice a day dosing is likely adequate in patients without elevated intracranial pressure. The length of corticosteroid treatment should be limited to the shortest period of time to minimize the risk of potential toxicities that can significantly affect quality of life, as well as to avoid a possible detrimental impact on survival in high-grade glioma patients and abrogation of the effect of immunotherapy. Agents such as bevacizumab should be considered in patients who are unable to wean completely off of steroids as well as those who have symptomatic edema and are on immunotherapy. Several other agents have been studied without much success. An increased understanding of the complex pathophysiology of peritumoral vasogenic edema is critically needed to discover new agents that are safer and more effective.
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Kirsch E, Szejko N, Falcone GJ. Genetic underpinnings of cerebral edema in acute brain injury: an opportunity for pathway discovery. Neurosci Lett 2020; 730:135046. [PMID: 32464484 PMCID: PMC7372633 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral edema constitutes an important contributor to secondary injury in acute brain injury. The quantification of cerebral edema in neuroimaging, a well-established biomarker of secondary brain injury, represents a useful intermediate phenotype to study edema formation. Population genetics provides powerful tools to identify novel susceptibility genes, biological pathways and therapeutic targets related to brain edema formation. Here, we provide an overview of the pathogenesis of cerebral edema, introduce relevant genetic methods to study this process, and discuss the ongoing research on the genetic underpinnings of edema formation in acute brain injury. The epsilon 2 and 4 variants within the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are associated with worse outcome after traumatic brain injury and intracerebral hemorrhage, and recent studies link these polymorphisms to inflammatory processes that lead to blood-brain barrier disruption and vasogenic edema. For the Haptoglobin gene (HP), the Hp 2-2 genotype associates with worse outcome after acute brain injury, whereas the haptoglobin Hp 1-1 genotype correlates with increased edema in the early phases of intracerebral hemorrhage. Another important protein in cerebral edema is aquaporin 4, coded by the AQP4 gene. AQP4 mutations contribute to the formation of cytotoxic edema, and further genetic research is necessary to help elucidate the mediating mechanism. Findings supporting the target genes outlined above require replication in larger samples and evaluation in non-white populations. These next steps will be significantly facilitated by the rapid changes observed in the field of population genetics, including large international collaborations, open access to genetic data, and significant reductions in the cost of genotyping technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elayna Kirsch
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Division of Neurocritical Care & Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LLCI Room 1004D, P.O. Box 20801, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Natalia Szejko
- Division of Neurocritical Care & Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LLCI Room 1004D, P.O. Box 20801, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Bioethics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Guido J Falcone
- Division of Neurocritical Care & Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LLCI Room 1004D, P.O. Box 20801, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Cores Á, Piquero M, Villacampa M, León R, Menéndez JC. NRF2 Regulation Processes as a Source of Potential Drug Targets against Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E904. [PMID: 32545924 PMCID: PMC7356958 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF2 acts by controlling gene expression, being the master regulator of the Phase II antioxidant response, and also being key to the control of neuroinflammation. NRF2 activity is regulated at several levels, including protein degradation by the proteasome, transcription, and post-transcription. The purpose of this review is to offer a concise and critical overview of the main mechanisms of NRF2 regulation and their actual or potential use as targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Cores
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.C.); (M.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Marta Piquero
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.C.); (M.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Mercedes Villacampa
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.C.); (M.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Rafael León
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.C.); (M.P.); (M.V.)
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34
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Eghbaliferiz S, Farhadi F, Barreto GE, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Effects of curcumin on neurological diseases: focus on astrocytes. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:769-782. [PMID: 32458309 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system, and are important players in both brain injury and neurodegenerative disease. Curcumin (1,7-bis[4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione), the major active component of turmeric, belongs to the curcuminoid family that was originally isolated from the plant Curcuma longa. Several studies suggest that curcumin may have a beneficial impact on the brain pathology and aging. These effects are due to curcumin's antioxidant, free-radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activity. In light of this, our current review aims to discuss the role of astrocytes as essential players in neurodegenerative diseases and suggest that curcumin is capable of direct inhibition of astrocyte activity with a particular focus on its effects in Alexander disease, Alzheimer's disease, ischemia stroke, spinal cord injury, Multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Eghbaliferiz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Faegheh Farhadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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35
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Dasdelen D, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK. Aquaporins and Roles in Brain Health and Brain Injury. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:498-512. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191018142007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the literature screening, aquaporins were found in the cerebral structures including the pia mater, choroid plexus, ependyma, piriform cortex, hippocampus, dorsal thalamus, supraoptic and suprachiasmatic nuclei, white matter and subcortical organ. Among these, the most common are AQP1, AQP4, and AQP9. The roles of aquaporins have been demonstrated in several diseases such as cerebral edema, various central nervous system tumors, Alzheimer’s Disease and epilepsy. In this review, the relationship between brain/brain-injury and aquaporin, has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dervis Dasdelen
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Rasim Mogulkoc
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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36
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Alquisiras-Burgos I, Ortiz-Plata A, Franco-Pérez J, Millán A, Aguilera P. Resveratrol reduces cerebral edema through inhibition of de novo SUR1 expression induced after focal ischemia. Exp Neurol 2020; 330:113353. [PMID: 32380020 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral edema is a clinical problem that frequently follows ischemic infarcts. Sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) is an inducible protein that can form a heteromultimeric complex with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) that mediate the ion/water transport involved in brain tissue swelling. Transcription of the Abcc8 gene coding for SUR1 depends on the activity of transcriptional factor SP1, which is modulated by the cellular redox environment. Since oxidative stress is implicated in the induced neuronal damage in ischemia and edema formation, the present study aimed to evaluate if the antioxidant resveratrol (RSV) prevents the damage by reducing the de novo expression of SUR1 in the ischemic brain. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by different times of reperfusion. RSV (1.9 mg/kg; i.v.) was administered at the onset of reperfusion. Brain damage and edema formation were recognized by neurological evaluation, time of survival, TTC (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride) staining, Evans blue extravasation, and water content. RSV mechanism of action was studied by SP1 binding activity measured through the Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, and Abcc8 and Aqp4 gene expression evaluated by qPCR, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. We found that RSV reduced the infarct area and cerebral edema, prevented blood-brain barrier damage, improved neurological performance, and increased survival. Additionally, our findings suggest that the antioxidant activity of RSV targeted SP transcription factors and inhibited SUR1 and AQP4 expression. Thus, RSV by decreasing SUR1 expression could contribute to reducing edema formation, constituting a therapeutic alternative for edema reduction in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Alquisiras-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México
| | - Alma Ortiz-Plata
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México.
| | - Javier Franco-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Formación Reticular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México.
| | - Alejandro Millán
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39070, México
| | - Penélope Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México.
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37
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Sivandzade F, Alqahtani F, Cucullo L. Traumatic Brain Injury and Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB): Underlying Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Influence of Cigarette Smoking as a Premorbid Condition. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2721. [PMID: 32295258 PMCID: PMC7215684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the most pressing global health issues and prevalent causes of cerebrovascular and neurological disorders all over the world. In addition to the brain injury, TBI may also alter the systemic immune response. Thus, TBI patients become vulnerable to infections, have worse neurological outcomes, and exhibit a higher rate of mortality and morbidity. It is well established that brain injury leads to impairments of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and function, contributing to the loss of neural tissue and affecting the response to neuroprotective drugs. Thus, stabilization/protection of the BBB after TBI could be a promising strategy to limit neuronal inflammation, secondary brain damage, and acute neurodegeneration. Herein, we present a review highlighting the significant post-traumatic effects of TBI on the cerebrovascular system. These include the loss of BBB integrity and selective permeability, impact on BBB transport mechanisms, post-traumatic cerebral edema formation, and significant pathophysiological factors that may further exacerbate post-traumatic BBB dysfunctions. Furthermore, we discuss the post-traumatic impacts of chronic smoking, which has been recently shown to act as a premorbid condition that impairs post-TBI recovery. Indeed, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with TBI damage is essential to better understand the pathogenesis and progression of post-traumatic secondary brain injury and the development of targeted treatments to improve outcomes and speed up the recovery process. Therapies aimed at restoring/protecting the BBB may reduce the post-traumatic burden of TBI by minimizing the impairment of brain homeostasis and help to restore an optimal microenvironment to support neuronal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Sivandzade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA;
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA;
- Center for Blood-Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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38
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Neuroinflammation in CNS diseases: Molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic potential of plant derived bioactive molecules. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Vandebroek A, Yasui M. Regulation of AQP4 in the Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1603. [PMID: 32111087 PMCID: PMC7084855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the main water channel protein expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). AQP4 is densely expressed in astrocyte end-feet, and is an important factor in CNS water and potassium homeostasis. Changes in AQP4 activity and expression have been implicated in several CNS disorders, including (but not limited to) epilepsy, edema, stroke, and glioblastoma. For this reason, many studies have been done to understand the various ways in which AQP4 is regulated endogenously, and could be regulated pharmaceutically. In particular, four regulatory methods have been thoroughly studied; regulation of gene expression via microRNAs, regulation of AQP4 channel gating/trafficking via phosphorylation, regulation of water permeability using heavy metal ions, and regulation of water permeability using small molecule inhibitors. A major challenge when studying AQP4 regulation is inter-method variability. A compound or phosphorylation which shows an inhibitory effect in vitro may show no effect in a different in vitro method, or even show an increase in AQP4 expression in vivo. Although a large amount of variability exists between in vitro methods, some microRNAs, heavy metal ions, and two small molecule inhibitors, acetazolamide and TGN-020, have shown promise in the field of AQP4 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Vandebroek
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
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40
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Pan J, Qu M, Li Y, Wang L, Zhang L, Wang Y, Tang Y, Tian HL, Zhang Z, Yang GY. MicroRNA-126-3p/-5p Overexpression Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in a Mouse Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Stroke 2020; 51:619-627. [PMID: 31822249 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.027531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a critical pathological feature after stroke. MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) maintains BBB integrity by regulating endothelial cell function during development. However, the role of miR-126-3p and -5p in BBB integrity after stroke is unclear. Here, we investigated whether miR-126-3p and -5p overexpression regulates BBB integrity after cerebral ischemia.
Methods—
A lentivirus carrying genes encoding miR-126-3p or -5p was stereotactically injected into adult male Institute of Cancer Research mouse brains (n=36). Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed 2 weeks after virus injection. Brain infarct volume, edema volume, and modified neurological severity score were assessed at 1 and 3 days after ischemia. Immunostaining of ZO-1 (zonula occludens-1) and occludin was used to evaluate BBB integrity. IL-1β (interleukin-1β), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), and E-selectin expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis.
Results—
The expression of miR-126-3p and -5p decreased at 1 and 3 days after ischemia (
P
<0.05). Injection of lentiviral miR-126-3p or -5p reduced brain infarct volume and edema volume (
P
<0.05) and attenuated the decrease in ZO-1/occludin protein levels and IgG leakage at 3 days after stroke (
P
<0.05). Injection of lentiviral miR-126-5p improved behavioral outcomes at 3 days after stroke (
P
<0.05). miR-126-3p and -5p overexpression downregulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and E-selectin, as well as decreased MPO
+
(myeloperoxidase positive) cell numbers at 3 days after ischemia (
P
<0.05).
Conclusions—
miR-126-3p and -5p overexpression reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, and attenuated BBB disruption after ischemic stroke, suggesting that miR-126-3p and -5p are new therapeutic targets in the acute stage of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Pan
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Meijie Qu
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Liping Wang
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Linyuan Zhang
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yongting Wang
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Yaohui Tang
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Heng-Li Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital (H.-L.T.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- From the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, and School of Biomedical Engineering (J.P., M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine (M.Q., Y.L., L.W., L.Z., Y.W., Y.T., Z.Z., G.-Y.Y.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
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Tang X, Yan K, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Xu J, Lu Y, Wang X, Liang J, Zhang X. Activation of PPAR-β/δ Attenuates Brain Injury by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis in a Collagenase-Induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mouse Model. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:837-850. [PMID: 31939088 PMCID: PMC7078151 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-02956-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Brain injury has been proposed as the major cause of the poor outcomes associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Emerging evidence indicates that the nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPAR-β/δ), plays a crucial role in the pathological process of central nervous impairment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of PPAR-β/δ activation using a selective PPAR-β/δ agonist, GW0742, against brain injury after ICH in a mouse model. ICH was induced by intravenous injection of collagenase into the right caudate putamen. To examine the protective effect of PPAR-β/δ activation against ICH-induced brain injury, mice were either intraperitoneally injected with GW0742 (3 mg/kg, body weight) or saline (control group) 30 min before inducing ICH. Behavioral dysfunction was evaluated 24 and 72 h after injury. Then, all mice were killed to assess hematoma volume, brain water content, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. TUNEL and Nissl staining were performed to quantify the brain injury. The expression of PPAR-β/δ, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Bcl-2-related X-protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the perihematomal area was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis. Mice treated with GW0742 showed significantly less severe behavioral deficits compared to the control group, accompanied by increased expression of PPAR-β/δ and Bcl-2, and increased expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and Bax decreased simultaneously in the GW0742-treated group. Furthermore, the GW0742-pretreated group showed significantly less brain edema and BBB leakage. Neuronal loss was attenuated, and the number of apoptotic neuronal cells in perihematomal tissues reduced, in the GW0742-pretreated group compared to the control group. However, the hematoma volume did not decrease significantly on day 3 after ICH. These results suggest that the activation of PPAR-β/δ exerts a neuroprotective effect on ICH-induced brain injury, possibly through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Kunning Yan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yingge Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Electrocardiogram, Affiliated WuTaiShan Hospital of Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Mental Health Centre, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- General Hospital of Xuzhou Mining Group, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Yaoyao Lu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Jingyan Liang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Xinjiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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42
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Brandes MS, Gray NE. NRF2 as a Therapeutic Target in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ASN Neuro 2020; 12:1759091419899782. [PMID: 31964153 PMCID: PMC6977098 DOI: 10.1177/1759091419899782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative conditions including among others Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Friedrich’s ataxia, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. The endogenous antioxidant response pathway protects cells from oxidative stress by increasing the expression of cytoprotective enzymes and is regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). In addition to regulating the expression of antioxidant genes, NRF2 has also been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects and modulate both mitochondrial function and biogenesis. This is because mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation are features of many neurodegenerative diseases as well NRF2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Here, we review evidence for a beneficial role of NRF2 in neurodegenerative conditions and the potential of specific NRF2 activators as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikah S. Brandes
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nora E. Gray
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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43
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Halstead MR, Geocadin RG. The Medical Management of Cerebral Edema: Past, Present, and Future Therapies. Neurotherapeutics 2019; 16:1133-1148. [PMID: 31512062 PMCID: PMC6985348 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral edema is commonly associated with cerebral pathology, and the clinical manifestation is largely related to the underlying lesioned tissue. Brain edema usually amplifies the dysfunction of the lesioned tissue and the burden of cerebral edema correlates with increased morbidity and mortality across diseases. Our modern-day approach to the medical management of cerebral edema has largely revolved around, an increasingly artificial distinction between cytotoxic and vasogenic cerebral edema. These nontargeted interventions such as hyperosmolar agents and sedation have been the mainstay in clinical practice and offer noneloquent solutions to a dire problem. Our current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms driving cerebral edema is becoming much more advanced, with differences being identified across diseases and populations. As our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms in neuronal injury continues to expand, so too is the list of targeted therapies in the pipeline. Here we present a brief review of the molecular mechanisms driving cerebral edema and a current overview of our understanding of the molecular targets being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Halstead
- Neurosciences Critical Care Division, Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology-Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, USA.
| | - Romergryko G Geocadin
- Neurosciences Critical Care Division, Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology-Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287, USA
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44
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Li J, Jia M, Chen G, Nie S, Zheng C, Zeng W, Xu Y, Wang C, Cao X, Liu Q. Involvement of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase in altered expressions of AQP1 and AQP4 after carbon monoxide poisoning in rat astrocytes. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 125:394-404. [PMID: 31063681 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Li
- Department of Neurology Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Center Hospital Enshi China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Neurology Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Center Hospital Enshi China
| | - Guiqin Chen
- Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Shuke Nie
- Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Cong Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Weiqi Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Congping Wang
- Department of Neurology Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Center Hospital Enshi China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Qunhui Liu
- Department of Neurology Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Center Hospital Enshi China
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Xu F, Shen G, Su Z, He Z, Yuan L. Glibenclamide ameliorates the disrupted blood-brain barrier in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01254. [PMID: 30859754 PMCID: PMC6456786 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glibenclamide is a widely used sulfonylurea drug prescribed to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have demonstrated that glibenclamide has neuroprotective effects in central nervous system injury. However, the exact mechanism by which glibenclamide acts on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to validate the neuroprotective effects of glibenclamide on ICH and to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects. METHODS We investigated the effects of glibenclamide on experimental ICH using the autologous blood infusion model. Glibenclamide was administrated either immediately or 2 hr after ICH. Brain edema was quantified using the wet-dry method 3 days after injury. BBB integrity was evaluated by Evans Blue extravasation and degradation of the tight junction protein zona occludens-1 (ZO-1). mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor with a pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and cell viability were also measured in cerebral microvascular endothelial b.End3 cells exposed to hemin. Neurological changes were evaluated by the Garcia score and rotarod test. RESULTS After ICH, the brain water content, Evans Blue extravasation, and inflammatory cytokines decreased significantly in the ipsilateral hemisphere of the experimental compared to the vehicle group. Glibenclamide treatment and NLRP3 knockdown significantly reduced hemin-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, release of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase, apoptosis, and loss of ZO-1 in b.End3 cells. However, NLRP3 knockdown abolished the protective effect of glibenclamide. CONCLUSION Glibenclamide maintained BBB integrity in experimental ICH by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microvessel endothelial cells. Our findings will contribute to elucidating the pharmacological mechanism of action of glibenclamide and to developing a novel therapy for clinical ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang District Central hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang District Central hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuopeng Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang District Central hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijian He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang District Central hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lutao Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang District Central hospital, Shanghai, China
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Zhong Z, Sun Y, Wang B, Sun Q, Yang G, Bian L. Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in ferrous iron-induced aquaporin-4 expression in cultured astrocytes. Neurotoxicology 2019; 73:142-149. [PMID: 30914277 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for multiple metabolic reactions, but excessive iron accumulation in the brain can lead to astrocyte swelling and death and cause cerebral edema. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the important water channel expressed in the astrocytes, and maintains the water homeostasis of the brain. Previous study has shown that iron deposition could increase AQP4 expression, however, the mechanism of AQP4 expression upregulation after iron overload is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of ferrous iron overload on AQP4 expression in cultured mouse astrocytes. Primary cultures of astrocytes were exposed to ferrous iron, and the expression of AQP4 as well as the swelling of astrocyte were determined. AQP4 expression was inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA). The role of oxidative stress and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway in ferrous iron-induced AQP4 expression upregulation were further studied. Ferrous iron exposure induced astrocyte death as well as cell swelling, and increased AQP4 expression. AQP4 gene silencing after siRNA transfection attenuated ferrous iron-induced astrocyte death. After treatment with antioxidants, the increased AQP4 expression was diminished. MAPKs were activated after ferrous iron treatment, and inhibitors of ERK and p38-MAPK relieved AQP4 expression upregulation as well as astrocyte death. These results suggest that ferrous iron has distinctive toxic effects on cultured astrocytes and induces AQP4 expression upregulation. MAPKs activation may play important roles in ferrous iron-induced astrocyte death through upregulation of AQP4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingfang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Guoyuan Yang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Liuguan Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Protocatechuic acid exerts protective effects via suppression of the P38/JNK- NF-κB signalling pathway in an experimental mouse model of intracerebral haemorrhage. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 854:128-138. [PMID: 30853532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid (PCA) has been well studied for its neuroprotection value in several diseases, but the effect in intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) has not been reported. Here we verified the protection of PCA in ICH, and investigated the relative mechanisms. ICH model mice were established by injection of collagenase IV. The mice were treated with PCA once per day for 3 days, starting immediately after operation. The modified neurological severity score (mNSS) of mice at 1st, 3rd and 7th day after operation were recorded. And some of mice were euthanized at 3rd day to compare brain water content, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, and cell apoptosis in perihematomal tissue. Additionally, SH-SY5Y cells were treated hemin to mimic secondary injury of ICH. Cells were incubated with PCA for treatment. The cell viability, ROS, apoptosis rate and protein expression of apoptosis-relative protein and MAPKs and NF-κB were detected and analysed. The results revealed PCA alleviated the cerebral oedema at 3rd post ICH, and significantly improved neurological functions. PCA also attenuated the protein and gene expression of TNF-а, IL-1β and IL-6 vivo. PCA dose-dependently decreased the generation of ROS and apoptosis rate. Furthermore, PCA treatment dose-dependently decreased the expression of bax, cleaved caspase-3, increased bcl-2 expression; PCA downregulated P38/JNK-NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, PCA effectively improves prognosis of ICH mice by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. The mechanism possibly results of downregulating of P38/JNK-NF-κB pathway, and PCA can be a potential therapeutic agent for ICH.
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Sivandzade F, Prasad S, Bhalerao A, Cucullo L. NRF2 and NF-қB interplay in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders: Molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutic approaches. Redox Biol 2019; 21:101059. [PMID: 30576920 PMCID: PMC6302038 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in modulating cellular defense mechanisms as well as physiological functions, and intracellular signaling. However, excessive ROS generation (endogenous and exogenous) can create a state of redox imbalance leading to cellular and tissue damage (Ma and He, 2012) [1]. A growing body of research data strongly suggests that imbalanced ROS and electrophile overproduction are among the major prodromal factors in the onset and progression of several cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and aging (Ma and He, 2012; Ramsey et al., 2017; Salminen et al., 2012; Sandberg et al., 2014; Sarlette et al., 2008; Tanji et al., 2013) [1-6]. Cells offset oxidative stress by the action of housekeeping antioxidative enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) as well direct and indirect antioxidants (Dinkova-Kostova and Talalay, 2010) [7]. The DNA sequence responsible for modulating the antioxidative and cytoprotective responses of the cells has been identified as the antioxidant response element (ARE), while the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2) is the major regulator of the xenobiotic-activated receptor (XAR) responsible for activating the ARE-pathway, thus defined as the NRF2-ARE system (Ma and He, 2012) [1]. In addition, the interplay between the NRF2-ARE system and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB, a protein complex that controls cytokine production and cell survival), has been further investigated in relation to neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders. On these premises, we provide a review analysis of current understanding of the NRF2-NF-ĸB interplay, their specific role in major CNS disorders, and consequent therapeutic implication for the treatment of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Sivandzade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Shikha Prasad
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Aditya Bhalerao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
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Dexmedetomidine Promotes SH-SY5Y Cell Resistance Against Impairment of Iron Overload by Inhibiting NF-κB Pathways. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:959-967. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02731-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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50
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Sugiyama T, Imai T, Nakamura S, Yamauchi K, Sawada S, Shimazawa M, Hara H. A novel Nrf2 activator, RS9, attenuates secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage in sub-acute phase. Brain Res 2018; 1701:137-145. [PMID: 30142309 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The poor prognosis of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is attributed to secondary brain injury (SBI), which is caused by oxidative stress. Blood components induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) over-production and cause cytotoxicity. We focused on the antioxidant system and investigated nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is a transcription factor that controls several antioxidant enzymes. We examined the effects of a novel Nrf2 activator, RS9, on SBI after ICH. ICH was induced by injecting autologous blood collected from the jugular vein (25 µL) into the striatum of mice. RS9 (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) was administrated 0, 24, and 48 h after the induction of ICH. Using the ICH model, we measured brain edema, neurological function, neuronal damage and antioxidant proteins expression. We then investigated the mechanisms responsible for the effects of RS9 in vitro using the SH-SY5Y cell line. We used zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), a heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitor, to elucidate the relationship between HO-1 expression and cell death in vitro in a hemin injury model. RS9 decreased brain edema, improved neurological deficits, decreased neuronal damage area and up-regulated HO-1 and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD) expressions in the ICH mouse model. RS9 also suppressed neuronal cell death and ROS over-production in vitro. These protective effects were cancelled by the ZnPP co-treatment. Our results suggest that the activation of Nrf2 by RS9 exerts neuroprotective effects that are mediated by the attenuation of oxidative stress, and also that RS9 is an effective therapeutic candidate for the treatment for SBI after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Sugiyama
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Takahiko Imai
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Keita Yamauchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyohashi Medical Center, Aichi 440-8510, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Sawada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Matsunami General Hospital, 185-1 Dendai, Kasamatsu, Gifu 501-6062, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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