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Chen YJC, Bhaskara GB, Lu Y, Lin K, Dent SYR. The SAGA acetyltransferase module is required for the maintenance of MAF and MYC oncogenic gene expression programs in multiple myeloma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.26.586811. [PMID: 38585845 PMCID: PMC10996596 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.26.586811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in therapeutic treatments, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable malignancy. Epigenetic factors contribute to the initiation, progression, relapse, and clonal heterogeneity in MM, but our knowledge on epigenetic mechanisms underlying MM development is far from complete. The SAGA complex serves as a coactivator in transcription and catalyzes acetylation and deubiquitylation. Analyses of datasets in the Cancer Dependency Map Project revealed many SAGA components are selective dependencies in MM. To define SAGA-specific functions, we focused on ADA2B, the only subunit in the lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) module that specifically functions in SAGA. Integration of RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and CUT&RUN results identified pathways directly regulated by ADA2B include MTORC1 signaling, MYC, E2F, and MM-specific MAF oncogenic programs. We discovered that ADA2B is recruited to MAF and MYC gene targets, and that MAF shares a majority of its targets with MYC in MM cells. Furthermore, we found the SANT domain of ADA2B is required for interaction with both GCN5 and PCAF acetyltransferases, incorporation into SAGA, and ADA2B protein stability. Our findings uncover previously unknown SAGA KAT module-dependent mechanisms controlling MM cell growth, revealing a vulnerability that might be exploited for future development of MM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jiun C. Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Govinal Badiger Bhaskara
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharon Y. R. Dent
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Thapa R, Gupta G, Bhat AA, Almalki WH, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Saleem S, Khan R, Altwaijry N, Dureja H, Singh SK, Dua K. A review of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibitors for cancers therapies. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127375. [PMID: 37839597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The intricate molecular pathways governing cancer development and progression have spurred intensive investigations into novel therapeutic targets. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3), a complex serine/threonine kinase, has emerged as a key player with intricate roles in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Harnessing GSK3 inhibitors as potential candidates for cancer therapy has garnered significant interest due to their ability to modulate key signalling pathways that drive oncogenesis. The review encompasses a thorough examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying GSK3's involvement in cancer progression, shedding light on its interaction with critical pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB. Through these interactions, GSK3 exerts influence over tumour growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis, rendering it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The discussion includes preclinical and clinical studies, showcasing the inhibitors efficacy across a spectrum of cancer types, including pancreatic, ovarian, lung, and other malignancies. Insights from recent studies highlight the potential synergistic effects of combining GSK3 inhibitors with conventional chemotherapeutic agents or targeted therapies, opening avenues for innovative combinatorial approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research surrounding GSK3 inhibitors as promising agents for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Saleem
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaiyah Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year for the Health Colleges, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Altwaijry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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Asano K, Kikuchi K, Takehara M, Ogasawara M, Yoshioka Y, Ohnishi K, Iwata A, Shimizu S, Tanaka M. Identification of small compounds that inhibit multiple myeloma proliferation by targeting c-Maf transcriptional activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 684:149135. [PMID: 37879249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma displays the clonal B cell expansion and the overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulins. Genetic translocations at 14q32, particularly with partners like 16q23, lead to the dysregulation of oncogene expression, including the significant enhancement of c-Maf. This aberrant expression of c-Maf has prompted research into strategies for targeting this transcription factor as a potential therapeutic avenue for multiple myeloma treatment. In this study, we introduce a screening pipeline to test small compounds for their ability to inhibit c-Maf. Using a luciferase indicator driven by the Ccl8 gene promoter, we identified two small compounds that inhibit transcriptional activity of c-Maf. These molecules impede the proliferation of c-Maf-expressing myeloma cells, and repress the expression of c-Maf target genes such as ITGB7 and CCR1. Importantly, these molecules target c-Maf-expressing multiple myeloma cells, but not c-Maf-negative myeloma cells, showing potential for tailoring therapeutic intervention. In conclusion, our screening pipeline is effective to explore leads for a novel c-Maf inhibitor for multiple myeloma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Kenta Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan; Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Miki Takehara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Manami Ogasawara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kie Ohnishi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Ayaka Iwata
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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Lerman MA, Francavilla M, Waqar‐Cowles L, Levine MA. Denosumab Treatment Does Not Halt Progression of Bone Lesions in Multicentric Carpotarsal Osteolysis Syndrome. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10729. [PMID: 37197321 PMCID: PMC10184019 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the use of denosumab, a monoclonal antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), as monotherapy for multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis syndrome (MCTO) in an 11.5-year-old male with a heterozygous missense mutation in MAFB (c.206C>T; p.Ser69Leu). We treated the subject with 0.5 mg/kg denosumab every 60-90 days for 47 months and monitored bone and mineral metabolism, kidney function, joint range of motion (ROM), and bone and joint morphology. Serum markers of bone turnover reduced rapidly, bone density increased, and renal function remained normal. Nevertheless, MCTO-related osteolysis and joint immobility progressed during denosumab treatment. Symptomatic hypercalcemia and protracted hypercalciuria occurred during weaning and after discontinuation of denosumab and required treatment with zoledronate. When expressed in vitro, the c.206C>T; p.Ser69Leu variant had increased protein stability and produced greater transactivation of a luciferase reporter under the control of the PTH gene promoter than did wild-type MafB. Based on our experience and that of others, denosumab does not appear to be efficacious for MCTO and carries a high risk of rebound hypercalcemia and/or hypercalciuria after drug discontinuation. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Lerman
- Division of RheumatologyThe Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Michael Francavilla
- Department of RadiologyWhiddon College of Medicine, University of South AlabamaMobileALUSA
| | - Lindsay Waqar‐Cowles
- Division of RheumatologyThe Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Michael A. Levine
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Center for Bone HealthThe Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA
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5
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Zhang Z, Li M, Lin P, Ren Y, He Y, Wang S, Xu Y, Cao B, Wang G, Moran MF, Mao X. The ubiquitin ligase HERC4 suppresses MafA transcriptional activity triggered by GSK3β in myeloma by atypical K63-linked polyubiquitination. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104675. [PMID: 37028761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MafA and c-Maf are close members of the Maf transcription factor family and indicators of poor prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). Our previous study finds that the ubiquitin ligase HERC4 induces c-Maf degradation but stabilizes MafA, and the mechanism is elusive. In the present study we find that HERC4 interacts with MafA and mediates its K63-linked polyubiquitination at K33. Moreover, HERC4 inhibits MafA phosphorylation and its transcriptional activity triggered by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). The K33R MafA variant prevents HERC4 from inhibiting MafA phosphorylation and increases MafA transcriptional activity. Further analyses reveal that MafA can also activate the STAT3 signaling but it is suppressed by HERC4. Lastly, we demonstrate that lithium chloride, a GSK3β inhibitor, can upregulate HERC4 and synergizes dexamethasone, a typical anti-MM drug, in inhibiting MM cell proliferation and xenograft growth in nude mice. These findings thus highlight a novel regulation of MafA oncogenic activity in MM and provide the rationale by targeting HERC4/GSK3β/MafA for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215025, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yuanming He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yujia Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Biyin Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Michael F Moran
- The Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsychoDiseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
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6
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Pai ELL, Stafford AM, Vogt D. Cellular signaling impacts upon GABAergic cortical interneuron development. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1138653. [PMID: 36998738 PMCID: PMC10043199 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1138653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and maturation of cortical GABAergic interneurons has been extensively studied, with much focus on nuclear regulation via transcription factors. While these seminal events are critical for the establishment of interneuron developmental milestones, recent studies on cellular signaling cascades have begun to elucidate some potential contributions of cell signaling during development. Here, we review studies underlying three broad signaling families, mTOR, MAPK, and Wnt/beta-catenin in cortical interneuron development. Notably, each pathway harbors signaling factors that regulate a breadth of interneuron developmental milestones and properties. Together, these events may work in conjunction with transcriptional mechanisms and other events to direct the complex diversity that emerges during cortical interneuron development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ling-Lin Pai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - April M. Stafford
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Daniel Vogt
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Daniel Vogt,
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7
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Deng Y, Lu L, Zhang H, Fu Y, Liu T, Chen Y. The role and regulation of Maf proteins in cancer. Biomark Res 2023; 11:17. [PMID: 36750911 PMCID: PMC9903618 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Maf proteins (Mafs) belong to basic leucine zipper transcription factors and are members of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) superfamily. There are two subgroups of Mafs: large Mafs and small Mafs, which are involved in a wide range of biological processes, such as the cell cycle, proliferation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Therefore, dysregulation of Mafs can affect cell fate and is closely associated with diverse diseases. Accumulating evidence has established both large and small Mafs as mediators of tumor development. In this review, we first briefly describe the structure and physiological functions of Mafs. Then we summarize the upstream regulatory mechanisms that control the expression and activity of Mafs. Furthermore, we discuss recent studies on the critical role of Mafs in cancer progression, including cancer proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, tumor/stroma interaction and angiogenesis. We also review the clinical implications of Mafs, namely their potential possibilities and limitations as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Deng
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Liqing Lu
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Ying Fu
- grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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8
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Ma NS, Mumm S, Takahashi S, Levine MA. Multicentric Carpotarsal Osteolysis: a Contemporary Perspective on the Unique Skeletal Phenotype. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:85-94. [PMID: 36477366 PMCID: PMC10393442 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00762-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis (MCTO) is an ultra-rare disorder characterized by osteolysis of the carpal and tarsal bones, subtle craniofacial deformities, and nephropathy. The molecular pathways underlying the pathophysiology are not well understood. RECENT FINDINGS MCTO is caused by heterozygous mutations in MAFB, which encodes the widely expressed transcription factor MafB. All MAFB mutations in patients with MCTO result in replacement of amino acids that cluster in a phosphorylation region of the MafB transactivation domain and account for a presumed gain-of-function for the variant protein. Since 2012, fewer than 60 patients with MCTO have been described with 20 missense mutations in MAFB. The clinical presentations are variable, and a genotype-phenotype correlation is lacking. Osteolysis, via excessive osteoclast activity, has been regarded as the primary mechanism, although anti-resorptive agents demonstrate little therapeutic benefit. This paper appraises current perspectives of MafB protein action, inflammation, and dysfunctional bone formation on the pathogenesis of the skeletal phenotype in MCTO. More research is needed to understand the pathogenesis of MCTO to develop rational therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina S Ma
- Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Colorado and Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13123 E. 16th Ave, B265, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - S Mumm
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine and Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, Shriners Children's, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - S Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M A Levine
- Center for Bone Health and Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Morito N, Usui T, Ishibashi S, Yamagata K. Podocyte-specific Transcription Factors: Could MafB Become a Therapeutic Target for Kidney Disease? Intern Med 2023; 62:11-19. [PMID: 35249929 PMCID: PMC9876710 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9336-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being recognized as an emerging global health problem. Recently, it has become clear that injury and loss of glomerular visceral epithelial cells, known as podocytes, is a common early event in many forms of CKD. Podocytes are highly specialized epithelial cells that cover the outer layer of the glomerular basement membrane. They serve as the final barrier to urinary protein loss through the formation and maintenance of specialized foot-processes and an interposed slit-diaphragm. We previously reported that the transcription factor MafB regulates the podocyte slit diaphragm protein production and transcription factor Tcf21. We showed that the forced expression of MafB was able to prevent CKD. In this review, we discuss recent advances and offer an updated overview of the functions of podocyte-specific transcription factors in kidney biology, aiming to present new perspectives on the progression of CKD and respective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Morito
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Usui
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yamagata
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
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10
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LINC00491 Facilitates Tumor Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma via Wnt/β-Catenin-Signaling Pathway by Regulating MTSS1 Ubiquitination. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233737. [PMID: 36496997 PMCID: PMC9738320 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and progression through different regulatory mechanisms. It has been reported that aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNA LINC00491 promotes malignancy in multiple tumors, while the role of LINC00491 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is little reported and the mechanism for regulating tumor progression has not been elucidated. Methods: RNA sequencing and the TCGA database were combined to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs that facilitate tumor progression. The expression level of LINC00491 was examined in LUAD clinical samples and in cell lines using RT-qPCR. In vitro experiments including colony formation assay, EdU assay, cell migration and invasion assay and wound healing assay, and in vivo experiments including xenografting subcutaneous tumors and lung metastasis models were performed to investigate the function of LINC00491 in LUAD tumor progressions. RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry, RIP assays and truncation experiments were carried out to explore the proteins binding to LINC00491 and the specific interactions between the RNA-protein complex. Results: Our results showed that LINC0491 was significantly upregulated in LUAD and positively correlated with poor survival. High LINC00491 expression promoted proliferation, migration and invasion, and resulted in a high metastatic burden in LUAD. Using pull-down assay and mass spectrometry, MTSS1 was found binding to LINC00491, and the conducted experiments verified the direct interaction between LINC00491 and MTSS1. Meanwhile, LINC00491 was found to regulate MTSS1 degradation by promoting the MTSS1 ubiquitination level and then activating the Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway. LINC00491/MTSS1/β-catenin may act as a complex to facilitate tumor progression. Conclusions: In summary, our results found a novel mechanism in which LINC00491 directly interacts with MTSS1 by affecting its ubiquitination modification to promote LUAD proliferation, migration and invasion, then activating the Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway, demonstrating its significant role in tumor progression and suggesting that the LINC00491/MTSS1/Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway could serve as a potential therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma in the future.
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11
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Saadoune C, Nouadi B, Hamdaoui H, Chegdani F, Bennis F. Multiple Myeloma: Bioinformatic Analysis for Identification of Key Genes and Pathways. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 16:11779322221115545. [PMID: 35958298 PMCID: PMC9358573 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy in which monoclonal plasma cells multiply in the bone marrow and monoclonal immunoglobulins are overproduced in older people. Several molecular and cytogenetic advances allow scientists to identify several genetic and chromosomal abnormalities that cause the disease. The comprehension of the pathophysiology of MM requires an understanding of the characteristics of malignant clones and the changes in the bone marrow microenvironment. This study aims to identify the central genes and to determine the key signaling pathways in MM by in silico approaches. A list of 114 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) is important in the prognosis of MM. The DEGs are collected from scientific publications and databases (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). These data are analyzed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) software (https://string-db.org/) through the construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and enrichment analysis of the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, by CytoHubba, AutoAnnotate, Bingo Apps plugins in Cytoscape software (https://cytoscape.org/) and by DAVID database (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/). The analysis of the results shows that there are 7 core genes, including TP53; MYC; CDND1; IL6; UBA52; EZH2, and MDM2. These top genes appear to play a role in the promotion and progression of MM. According to functional enrichment analysis, these genes are mainly involved in the following signaling pathways: Epstein-Barr virus infection, microRNA pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and p53 signaling pathway. Several crucial genes, including TP53, MYC, CDND1, IL6, UBA52, EZH2, and MDM2, are significantly correlated with MM, which may exert their role in the onset and evolution of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaimaa Saadoune
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Badreddine Nouadi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hasna Hamdaoui
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco.,Laboratory of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Center Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Fatima Chegdani
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Faiza Bennis
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
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12
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Wu M, Qiu Q, Zhou Q, Li J, Yang J, Zheng C, Luo A, Li X, Zhang H, Cheng X, Lu W, Liu P, Lu B, Lu Y. circFBXO7/miR-96-5p/MTSS1 axis is an important regulator in the Wnt signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:137. [PMID: 35768865 PMCID: PMC9241180 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01611-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CircRNAs are a novel class of evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNA molecules that form covalently closed continuous loop structures without 5' caps and 3' poly(A) tails. Accumulating evidence suggests that circRNAs play important regulatory roles in cancer and are promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as targets for cancer therapy. In this study, we identify and explore the role of a novel circRNA, circFBXO7, in ovarian cancer. METHODS rRNA-depleted RNA-sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs between ovarian cancerous and normal tissues. qRT-PCR and single-molecule RNA in-situ hybridization was used to quantify circFBXO7 expression in tumor tissues. The association of circFBXO7 expression with patient prognosis was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The biological function of circFBXO7 was also investigated using loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays in vivo and in vitro. Luciferase reporter and TOP/FOP-Flash reporter assays were then conducted together with RNA immunoprecipitation and western blot to assess the circFBXO7/miR-96-5p/MTSS1/Wnt/β-catenin axis. RESULTS circFBXO7 was downregulated in ovarian cancer which was associated with poor prognosis. Biologically, circFBXO7 overexpression significantly suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, whereas its knockdown exerted an opposite role. Mechanistically, circFBXO7 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-96-5p to regulate the expression of MTSS1. Consequently, downregulation of MTSS1 led to excessive accumulation of β-catenin and increased phosphorylation of GSK3β, leading to the translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus, thereby activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and ultimately promoting ovarian cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that circFBXO7 acts as a bone fide tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer and that the circFBXO7/miR-96-5p/MTSS1 axis is an important regulator in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway which may provide a promising target for ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiongzi Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Juze Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Chengcai Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aoran Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xufan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.,Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bingjian Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yan Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Jiang Q, Mao H, He G, Mao X. Targeting the oncogenic transcription factor c-Maf for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Cancer Lett 2022; 543:215791. [PMID: 35700821 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy derived from clonal expansion of plasma cells within the bone marrow and it may progress to the extramedullary region in late stage of the disease course. c-Maf, an oncogenic zipper leucine transcription factor, is overexpressed in more than 50% MM cell lines and primary species in association with chromosomal translocation, aberrant signaling transduction and modulation of stability. By triggering the transcription of critical genes including CCND2, ITGB7, CCR1, ARK5, c-Maf promotes MM progress, proliferation, survival and chemoresistance. Notably, c-Maf is usually expressed at the embryonic stage to promote cell differentiation but less expressed in healthy adult cells. c-Maf has long been proposed as a promising therapeutic target of MM and a panel of small molecule compounds have been identified to downregulate c-Maf and display potent anti-myeloma activities. In the current article, we take a concise summary on the advances in c-Maf biology, pathophysiology, and targeted drug discovery in the potential treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China; Guangdong Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China; Key Laboratory of Protein Modifications and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Hongwu Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China
| | - Guisong He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China.
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Guangdong Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, PR China; Key Laboratory of Protein Modifications and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China.
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14
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Pathobiology and Therapeutic Relevance of GSK-3 in Chronic Hematological Malignancies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111812. [PMID: 35681507 PMCID: PMC9180032 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is an evolutionarily conserved, ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological processes. GSK-3 comprises two isoforms (α and β) which were originally discovered in 1980 as enzymes involved in glucose metabolism via inhibitory phosphorylation of glycogen synthase. Differently from other proteins kinases, GSK-3 isoforms are constitutively active in resting cells, and their modulation mainly involves inhibition through upstream regulatory networks. In the early 1990s, GSK-3 isoforms were implicated as key players in cancer cell pathobiology. Active GSK-3 facilitates the destruction of multiple oncogenic proteins which include β-catenin and Master regulator of cell cycle entry and proliferative metabolism (c-Myc). Therefore, GSK-3 was initially considered to be a tumor suppressor. Consistently, GSK-3 is often inactivated in cancer cells through dysregulated upstream signaling pathways. However, over the past 10–15 years, a growing number of studies highlighted that in some cancer settings GSK-3 isoforms inhibit tumor suppressing pathways and therefore act as tumor promoters. In this article, we will discuss the multiple and often enigmatic roles played by GSK-3 isoforms in some chronic hematological malignancies (chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas) which are among the most common blood cancer cell types. We will also summarize possible novel strategies targeting GSK-3 for innovative therapies of these disorders.
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15
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Michée-Cospolite M, Boudigou M, Grasseau A, Simon Q, Mignen O, Pers JO, Cornec D, Le Pottier L, Hillion S. Molecular Mechanisms Driving IL-10- Producing B Cells Functions: STAT3 and c-MAF as Underestimated Central Key Regulators? Front Immunol 2022; 13:818814. [PMID: 35359922 PMCID: PMC8961445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been highlighted in very different pathology settings including autoimmune diseases, allergy, graft rejection, and cancer. Improving tools for the characterization of Bregs has become the main objective especially in humans. Transitional, mature B cells and plasma cells can differentiate into IL-10 producing Bregs in both mice and humans, suggesting that Bregs are not derived from unique precursors but may arise from different competent progenitors at unrestricted development stages. Moreover, in addition to IL-10 production, regulatory B cells used a broad range of suppressing mechanisms to modulate the immune response. Although Bregs have been consistently described in the literature, only a few reports described the molecular aspects that control the acquisition of the regulatory function. In this manuscript, we detailed the latest reports describing the control of IL-10, TGFβ, and GZMB production in different Breg subsets at the molecular level. We focused on the understanding of the role of the transcription factors STAT3 and c-MAF in controlling IL-10 production in murine and human B cells and how these factors may represent an important crossroad of several key drivers of the Breg response. Finally, we provided original data supporting the evidence that MAF is expressed in human IL-10- producing plasmablast and could be induced in vitro following different stimulation cocktails. At steady state, we reported that MAF is expressed in specific human B-cell tonsillar subsets including the IgD+ CD27+ unswitched population, germinal center cells and plasmablast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Divi Cornec
- U1227, LBAI, Univ Brest, Inserm, and CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Sophie Hillion
- U1227, LBAI, Univ Brest, Inserm, and CHU Brest, Brest, France
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16
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AKT signaling restrains tumor suppressive functions of FOXO transcription factors and GSK3 kinase in multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2021; 4:4151-4164. [PMID: 32898245 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositide-3 kinases and the downstream mediator AKT drive survival and proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. AKT signaling is active in MM and has pleiotropic effects; however, the key molecular aspects of AKT dependency in MM are not fully clear. Among the various downstream AKT targets are the Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors (TFs) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which are negatively regulated by AKT signaling. Here we show that abrogation of AKT signaling in MM cells provokes cell death and cell cycle arrest, which crucially depends on both FOXO TFs and GSK3. Based on gene expression profiling, we defined a FOXO-repressed gene set that has prognostic significance in a large cohort of patients with MM, indicating that AKT-mediated gene activation is associated with inferior overall survival. We further show that AKT signaling stabilizes the antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) protein by inhibiting FOXO- and GSK3-mediated MCL1 turnover. In concordance, abrogation of AKT signaling greatly sensitized MM cells for an MCL1-targeting BH3-mimetic, which is currently in clinical development. Taken together, our results indicate that AKT activity is required to restrain the tumor-suppressive functions of FOXO and GSK3, thereby stabilizing the antiapoptotic protein MCL1 in MM. These novel insights into the role of AKT in MM pathogenesis and MCL1 regulation provide opportunities to improve targeted therapy for patients with MM.
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17
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Fan F, Podar K. The Role of AP-1 Transcription Factors in Plasma Cell Biology and Multiple Myeloma Pathophysiology. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2326. [PMID: 34066181 PMCID: PMC8151277 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factors (TFs), comprised of the JUN, FOS, ATF and MAF multigene families, are implicated in a plethora of physiologic processes and tumorigenesis including plasma cell differentiation and MM pathogenesis. Depending on the genetic background, the tumor stage, and cues of the tumor microenvironment, specific dimeric AP-1 complexes are formed. For example, AP-1 complexes containing Fra-1, Fra-2 and B-ATF play central roles in the transcriptional control of B cell development and plasma cell differentiation, while dysregulation of AP-1 family members c-Maf, c-Jun, and JunB is associated with MM cell proliferation, survival, drug resistance, bone marrow angiogenesis, and bone disease. The present review article summarizes our up-to-date knowledge on the role of AP-1 family members in plasma cell differentiation and MM pathophysiology. Moreover, it discusses novel, rationally derived approaches to therapeutically target AP-1 TFs, including protein-protein and protein-DNA binding inhibitors, epigenetic modifiers and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Fan
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1277, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Klaus Podar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Mitterweg 10, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Strasse 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
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18
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Borisov N, Sergeeva A, Suntsova M, Raevskiy M, Gaifullin N, Mendeleeva L, Gudkov A, Nareiko M, Garazha A, Tkachev V, Li X, Sorokin M, Surin V, Buzdin A. Machine Learning Applicability for Classification of PAD/VCD Chemotherapy Response Using 53 Multiple Myeloma RNA Sequencing Profiles. Front Oncol 2021; 11:652063. [PMID: 33937058 PMCID: PMC8083158 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.652063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) affects ~500,000 people and results in ~100,000 deaths annually, being currently considered treatable but incurable. There are several MM chemotherapy treatment regimens, among which eleven include bortezomib, a proteasome-targeted drug. MM patients respond differently to bortezomib, and new prognostic biomarkers are needed to personalize treatments. However, there is a shortage of clinically annotated MM molecular data that could be used to establish novel molecular diagnostics. We report new RNA sequencing profiles for 53 MM patients annotated with responses on two similar chemotherapy regimens: bortezomib, doxorubicin, dexamethasone (PAD), and bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone (VCD), or with responses to their combinations. Fourteen patients received both PAD and VCD; six received only PAD, and 33 received only VCD. We compared profiles for the good and poor responders and found five genes commonly regulated here and in the previous datasets for other bortezomib regimens (all upregulated in the good responders): FGFR3, MAF, IGHA2, IGHV1-69, and GRB14. Four of these genes are linked with known immunoglobulin locus rearrangements. We then used five machine learning (ML) methods to build a classifier distinguishing good and poor responders for two cohorts: PAD + VCD (53 patients), and separately VCD (47 patients). We showed that the application of FloWPS dynamic data trimming was beneficial for all ML methods tested in both cohorts, and also in the previous MM bortezomib datasets. However, the ML models build for the different datasets did not allow cross-transferring, which can be due to different treatment regimens, experimental profiling methods, and MM heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Borisov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Laboratory for Translational Genomic Bioinformatics, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anna Sergeeva
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Suntsova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Personalized Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Group for Genomic Analysis of Cell Signaling Systems, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Raevskiy
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Laboratory for Translational Genomic Bioinformatics, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Nurshat Gaifullin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Larisa Mendeleeva
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Gudkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Personalized Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Nareiko
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrew Garazha
- Omicsway Corp., Research Department, Walnut, CA, United States
- Oncobox Ltd., Research Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Tkachev
- Omicsway Corp., Research Department, Walnut, CA, United States
- Oncobox Ltd., Research Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xinmin Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Personalized Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Omicsway Corp., Research Department, Walnut, CA, United States
- Oncobox Ltd., Research Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim Surin
- National Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Buzdin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Personalized Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Group for Genomic Analysis of Cell Signaling Systems, Moscow, Russia
- Omicsway Corp., Research Department, Walnut, CA, United States
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19
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Cardona-Benavides IJ, de Ramón C, Gutiérrez NC. Genetic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2021; 10:336. [PMID: 33562668 PMCID: PMC7914805 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some genetic abnormalities of multiple myeloma (MM) detected more than two decades ago remain major prognostic factors. In recent years, the introduction of cutting-edge genomic methodologies has enabled the extensive deciphering of genomic events in MM. Although none of the alterations newly discovered have significantly improved the stratification of the outcome of patients with MM, some of them, point mutations in particular, are promising targets for the development of personalized medicine. This review summarizes the main genetic abnormalities described in MM together with their prognostic impact, and the therapeutic approaches potentially aimed at abrogating the undesirable pathogenic effect of each alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio J. Cardona-Benavides
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.J.C.-B.); (C.d.R.)
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina de Ramón
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.J.C.-B.); (C.d.R.)
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Norma C. Gutiérrez
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.J.C.-B.); (C.d.R.)
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
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20
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Metabolic Effects of Recurrent Genetic Aberrations in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030396. [PMID: 33494394 PMCID: PMC7865460 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene activation and malignant transformation exerts energetic, biosynthetic and redox demands on cancer cells due to increased proliferation, cell growth and tumor microenvironment adaptation. As such, altered metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, which is characterized by the reprogramming of multiple metabolic pathways. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically heterogeneous disease that arises from terminally differentiated B cells. MM is characterized by reciprocal chromosomal translocations that often involve the immunoglobulin loci and a restricted set of partner loci, and complex chromosomal rearrangements that are associated with disease progression. Recurrent chromosomal aberrations in MM result in the aberrant expression of MYC, cyclin D1, FGFR3/MMSET and MAF/MAFB. In recent years, the intricate mechanisms that drive cancer cell metabolism and the many metabolic functions of the aforementioned MM-associated oncogenes have been investigated. Here, we discuss the metabolic consequences of recurrent chromosomal translocations in MM and provide a framework for the identification of metabolic changes that characterize MM cells.
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21
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The proliferative history shapes the DNA methylome of B-cell tumors and predicts clinical outcome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:1066-1081. [PMID: 34079956 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-00131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a systematic analysis of the DNA methylation variability in 1,595 samples of normal cell subpopulations and 14 tumor subtypes spanning the entire human B-cell lineage. Differential methylation among tumor entities relates to differences in cellular origin and to de novo epigenetic alterations, which allowed us to build an accurate machine learning-based diagnostic algorithm. We identify extensive patient-specific methylation variability in silenced chromatin associated with the proliferative history of normal and neoplastic B cells. Mitotic activity generally leaves both hyper- and hypomethylation imprints, but some B-cell neoplasms preferentially gain or lose DNA methylation. Subsequently, we construct a DNA methylation-based mitotic clock called epiCMIT, whose lapse magnitude represents a strong independent prognostic variable in B-cell tumors and is associated with particular driver genetic alterations. Our findings reveal DNA methylation as a holistic tracer of B-cell tumor developmental history, with implications in the differential diagnosis and prediction of clinical outcome.
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22
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Soler Palacios B, Nieto C, Fajardo P, González de la Aleja A, Andrés N, Dominguez-Soto Á, Lucas P, Cuenda A, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Martínez-A C, Villares R, Corbí ÁL, Mellado M. Growth Hormone Reprograms Macrophages toward an Anti-Inflammatory and Reparative Profile in an MAFB-Dependent Manner. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:776-788. [PMID: 32591394 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH), a pleiotropic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland, regulates immune and inflammatory responses. In this study, we show that GH regulates the phenotypic and functional plasticity of macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, GH treatment of GM-CSF-primed monocyte-derived macrophages promotes a significant enrichment of anti-inflammatory genes and dampens the proinflammatory cytokine profile through PI3K-mediated downregulation of activin A and upregulation of MAFB, a critical transcription factor for anti-inflammatory polarization of human macrophages. These in vitro data correlate with improved remission of inflammation and mucosal repair during recovery in the acute dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model in GH-overexpressing mice. In this model, in addition to the GH-mediated effects on other immune cells, we observed that macrophages from inflamed gut acquire an anti-inflammatory/reparative profile. Overall, these data indicate that GH reprograms inflammatory macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype and improves resolution during pathologic inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Soler Palacios
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Concha Nieto
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Fajardo
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Arturo González de la Aleja
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Andrés
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Ángeles Dominguez-Soto
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Ana Cuenda
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - José Miguel Rodríguez-Frade
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Carlos Martínez-A
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Ricardo Villares
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Mellado
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and
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23
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Identification of a novel mutation in the MAFB gene in a pediatric patient with multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis syndrome using next-generation sequencing. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103902. [PMID: 32278749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis syndrome (MCTO) is a rare form of skeletal dysplasia characterized by progressive bone resorption, in the carpal and tarsal bones. Patients may develop chronic kidney disease, which eventually advances to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Both sporadic and familial cases of autosomal-dominant inheritance are reported in literature. Here, we report a case of a 10.5-year-old boy who presented with CKD stage V, and who suffered from bone deformities and difficulty in walking at a younger age. He was diagnosed with MCTO and subjected to genetic analysis. We identified a novel mutation (NM_005461.5:c.173C > G) in the exon 1 of MAFB using next-generation sequencing. However, the mutation was not detected in his asymptomatic parents or siblings. This novel heterozygous mutation has not been reported previously. Our results show that the new mutation broadens the spectrum of disease phenotypes. This mutation may be helpful to confirm the potential cases of MCTO, which although can be identified through radiographic findings, stand a high chance of being misdiagnosed as rheumatological disease or as a metabolic bone disease secondary to CKD.
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24
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Duvillié B, Kourdoughli R, Druillennec S, Eychène A, Pouponnot C. Interplay Between Diabetes and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Insulinoma: The Role of Aging, Genetic Factors, and Obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:563267. [PMID: 33101198 PMCID: PMC7556217 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.563267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic analyses have shed light on an association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent data also suggest a potential relationship between T2D and insulinoma. Under rare circumstances, type 1 diabetes (T1D) can also be implicated in tumorigenesis. The biological mechanisms underlying such relationships are extremely complex. Some genetic factors contributing to the development of T2D are shared with pancreatic exocrine and endocrine tumors. Obesity and overweight can also contribute to the initiation and severity of T2D, while aging may influence both endocrine and exocrine tumors. Finally, pharmacological treatments of T2D may have an impact on PDAC. On the other hand, some treatments for insulinoma can trigger diabetes. In the present minireview, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms that could explain these interactions. This analysis may help to define new potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Duvillié
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Bertrand Duvillié,
| | - Rayane Kourdoughli
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Druillennec
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Alain Eychène
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Celio Pouponnot
- Department of Signaling, Radiobiology and Cancer, Institut Curie, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- CNRS UMR 3347, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- PSL Research University, Paris, France
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25
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Piazza F, Manni S, Arjomand A, Visentin A, Trentin L, Semenzato G. New responsibilities for aged kinases in B-lymphomas. Hematol Oncol 2019; 38:3-11. [PMID: 31782972 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge accumulated over the last decade on B-cell-derived non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) pathogenesis has led to the identification of several molecular abnormalities, opening new perspectives in the design of novel therapies. Indeed, drugs targeting specific biochemical pathways critical for B-NHL cell survival, proliferation, and fitness within the malignant microenvironment are now available to the clinician: the B-cell receptor signaling inhibitors of BTK, PI3Kδ, ζ, γ, and SYK or the pro-apoptotic BH3-mimetics are clear examples of it. Moreover, it is emerging that malignant B-cell growth is sustained not only by mutations in oncogenes/tumor suppressors but also by the "addiction" to nononcogene (ie, nonstructurally altered) molecules. In this regard, a consistent body of data has established that the Ser/Thr kinases CK1, CK2, and GSK3 are involved in malignant lymphocyte biology and act as pro-survival and signaling-boosting molecules, both in precursor and mature B-cell tumors. Currently, an experimental and clinical groundwork is available, upon which to design CK1-, CK2-, and GSK3-directed antilymphoma/leukemia therapies. In this review, we have examined the main features of CK1, CK2, and GSK3 kinases, summarized the data in B-NHL supporting them as suitable therapeutic targets, and proposed a perspective on potential future research development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Piazza
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Unit of Hematological Malignancies - Laboratory of Myeloma and Lymphoma Pathobiology, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research - Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (FABR-VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Sabrina Manni
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Unit of Hematological Malignancies - Laboratory of Myeloma and Lymphoma Pathobiology, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research - Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (FABR-VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Arash Arjomand
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Unit of Hematological Malignancies - Laboratory of Myeloma and Lymphoma Pathobiology, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research - Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (FABR-VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Unit of Hematological Malignancies - Laboratory of Myeloma and Lymphoma Pathobiology, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research - Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (FABR-VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Unit of Hematological Malignancies - Laboratory of Myeloma and Lymphoma Pathobiology, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research - Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (FABR-VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Unit of Hematological Malignancies - Laboratory of Myeloma and Lymphoma Pathobiology, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research - Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (FABR-VIMM), Padova, Italy
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Abstract
The transcription factor MafB regulates macrophage differentiation. However, studies on
the phenotype of Mafb-deficient macrophages are still limited. Recently,
it was shown that the specific expression of MafB permits macrophages to be distinguished
from dendritic cells. In addition, MafB has been reported to be involved in various
diseases related to macrophages. Studies using macrophage-specific
Mafb-deficient mice show that MafB is linked to atherosclerosis,
autoimmunity, obesity, and ischemic stroke, all of which exhibit macrophage abnormality.
Therefore, MafB is hypothesized to be indispensable for the regulation of macrophages to
maintain systemic homeostasis and may serve as an innovative target for treating
macrophage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsunakawa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hyojung Jeon
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Manoj Kumar Yadav
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.,Laboratory Animal Resource Center (LARC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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27
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Li S, Vallet S, Sacco A, Roccaro A, Lentzsch S, Podar K. Targeting transcription factors in multiple myeloma: evolving therapeutic strategies. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:445-462. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1605354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonia Vallet
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Antonio Sacco
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Aldo Roccaro
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, CREA Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Suzanne Lentzsch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Klaus Podar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
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28
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Sabzevary-Ghahfarokhi M, Shirzad H, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Ghatreh-Samani M, Shohan M. The Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in Creating T Cell Exhaustion in Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:267-273. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Sabzevary-Ghahfarokhi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghatreh-Samani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shohan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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29
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Qiang YW, Ye S, Huang Y, Chen Y, Van Rhee F, Epstein J, Walker BA, Morgan GJ, Davies FE. MAFb protein confers intrinsic resistance to proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:724. [PMID: 29980194 PMCID: PMC6035431 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) patients with t(14;20) have a poor prognosis and their outcome has not improved following the introduction of bortezomib (Bzb). The mechanism underlying the resistance to proteasome inhibitors (PIs) for this subset of patients is unknown. Methods IC50 of Bzb and carfilzomib (CFZ) in human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) were established by MTT assay. Gene Expression profile (GEP) analysis was used to determine gene expression in primary myeloma cells. Immunoblotting analysis was performed for MAFb and caspase family proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the location of MAFb protein in MM cells. Lentiviral infections were used to knock-down MAFb expression in two lines. Apoptosis detection by flow cytometry and western blot analysis was performed to determine the molecular mechanism MAFb confers resistance to proteasome inhibitors. Results We found high levels of MAFb protein in cell lines with t(14;20), in one line with t(6;20), in one with Igλ insertion into MAFb locus, and in primary plasma cells from MM patients with t(14;20). High MAFb protein levels correlated with higher IC50s of PIs in MM cells. Inhibition of GSK3β activity or treatment with Bzb or CFZ prevented MAFb protein degradation without affecting the corresponding mRNA level indicating a role for GSK3 and proteasome inhibitors in regulation of MAFb stability. Silencing MAFb restored sensitivity to Bzb and CFZ, and enhanced PIs-induced apoptosis and activation of caspase-3, − 8, − 9, PARP and lamin A/C suggesting that high expression of MAFb protein leads to insensitivity to proteasome inhibitors. Conclusion These results highlight the role of post-translational modification of MAFb in maintaining its protein level, and identify a mechanism by which proteasome inhibitors induced stabilization of MAFb confers resistance to proteasome inhibitors, and provide a rationale for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for this subset of patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4602-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Qiang
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| | - Shiqiao Ye
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Frits Van Rhee
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Joshua Epstein
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Brian A Walker
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Gareth J Morgan
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Faith E Davies
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, 4301 West Markham St., Slot 776, Rm 914, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
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30
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Manni S, Carrino M, Semenzato G, Piazza F. Old and Young Actors Playing Novel Roles in the Drama of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Microenvironment Dependent Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051512. [PMID: 29783691 PMCID: PMC5983700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most frequent hematologic cancer. In addition to the deleterious effects of neoplastic plasma cell growth and spreading during the disease evolution, this tumor is characterized by the serious pathological consequences due to the massive secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulins and by the derangement of bone physiology with progressive weakening of the skeleton. Despite significant progresses having been made in the last two decades in the therapeutic management of this plasma cell tumor, MM remains invariably lethal, due to its extremely complex genetic architecture and to the constant protection it receives from the tumor niche, which is represented by the bone marrow microenvironment. While it is predictable that the discovery of novel therapies against the first of these two pathobiological features will take a longer time, the identification of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pro-growth effects of the myeloma milieu is a task that could lead to the development of novel treatments in a shorter timeframe. In this regard, aside from known “old” determinants of the cross-talk between bone marrow and MM cells, “young” cellular and molecular factors are now emerging, taking the scene of this complex neoplastic setting. In this review we aimed at giving insights on the latest evidence of potentially-targetable modes that MM cells exploit to increase fitness and gain a survival advantage. The benefits coming from the derangements of stress-managing pathways, autophagy, transcriptional rewiring, and non-coding RNAs are examples of such methods that MM cells utilize to escape cell death, but that hopefully will offer novel targets for the ever-increasing anti-MM therapeutic armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Manni
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, University of Padova, Via N.Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via G.Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy.
| | - Marilena Carrino
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, University of Padova, Via N.Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via G.Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy.
| | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, University of Padova, Via N.Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via G.Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy.
| | - Francesco Piazza
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, University of Padova, Via N.Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via G.Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy.
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31
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Kim M, Wende H, Walcher J, Kühnemund J, Cheret C, Kempa S, McShane E, Selbach M, Lewin GR, Birchmeier C. Maf links Neuregulin1 signaling to cholesterol synthesis in myelinating Schwann cells. Genes Dev 2018; 32:645-657. [PMID: 29748249 PMCID: PMC6004071 DOI: 10.1101/gad.310490.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Kim et al. define a crucial role of the transcription factor Maf in myelination and cholesterol biosynthesis and show that Maf acts downstream from Neuregulin1 in myelinating Schwann cells. Cholesterol is a major constituent of myelin membranes, which insulate axons and allow saltatory conduction. Therefore, Schwann cells, the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system, need to produce large amounts of cholesterol. Here, we define a crucial role of the transcription factor Maf in myelination and cholesterol biosynthesis and show that Maf acts downstream from Neuregulin1 (Nrg1). Maf expression is induced when Schwann cells begin myelination. Genetic ablation of Maf resulted in hypomyelination that resembled mice with defective Nrg1 signaling. Importantly, loss of Maf or Nrg1 signaling resulted in a down-regulation of the cholesterol synthesis program, and Maf directly binds to enhancers of cholesterol synthesis genes. Furthermore, we identified the molecular mechanisms by which Nrg1 signaling regulates Maf levels. Transcription of Maf depends on calmodulin-dependent kinases downstream from Nrg1, whereas Nrg1–MAPK signaling stabilizes Maf protein. Our results delineate a novel signaling cascade regulating cholesterol synthesis in myelinating Schwann cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchul Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hagen Wende
- Department of Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Walcher
- Department of Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Kühnemund
- Department of Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cyril Cheret
- Department of Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kempa
- Department of Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Erik McShane
- Department of Proteome Dynamics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Selbach
- Department of Proteome Dynamics, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gary R Lewin
- Department of Molecular Physiology of Somatic Sensation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Birchmeier
- Department of Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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32
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A partnership with the proteasome; the destructive nature of GSK3. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 147:77-92. [PMID: 29102676 PMCID: PMC5954166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3) was originally reported as a key enzyme of glucose homeostasis through regulation of the rate of glycogen synthesis. It has subsequently been found to influence most cellular processes, including growth, differentiation and death, as part of its role in modulating response to hormonal, nutritional and cellular stress stimuli. More than 100 protein targets for GSK3 have been proposed although only a small fraction of these have been convincingly validated in physiological cell systems. The effects of GSK3 phosphorylation on substrates include alteration of enzyme activity, protein localisation, protein:protein interaction and protein stability. This latter form of regulation of GSK3 substrates is the focus of this review. There is an ever-growing list of GSK3 substrates that upon phosphorylation are targeted to the beta-transducin repeat containing protein (β-TrCP), thereby allowing ubiquitination of bound protein by cullin-1 and so initiating destruction at the proteasome. We propose the existence of a GSK3-β-TrCP ‘destruction hit-list’ that allows co-ordinated removal (or stabilisation) of a set of proteins with a common physiological purpose, through control of GSK3. We identify 29 proteins where there is relatively strong evidence for regulation by a GSK3-β-TrCP axis and note common features of regulation and pathophysiology. Furthermore, we assess the potential of pre-phosphorylation (priming) of these targets (normally a prerequisite for GSK3 recognition) to provide a second layer of regulation delineated by the priming kinase that allows GSK3 to mark them for destruction. Finally, we discuss whether this knowledge improves options for therapeutic intervention.
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Riera-Borrull M, Cuevas VD, Alonso B, Vega MA, Joven J, Izquierdo E, Corbí ÁL. Palmitate Conditions Macrophages for Enhanced Responses toward Inflammatory Stimuli via JNK Activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3858-3869. [PMID: 29061766 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and elevated levels of circulating saturated fatty acids, which trigger inflammatory responses by engaging pattern recognition receptors in macrophages. Because tissue homeostasis is maintained through an adequate balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages, we assessed the transcriptional and functional profile of M-CSF-dependent monocyte-derived human macrophages exposed to concentrations of saturated fatty acids found in obese individuals. We report that palmitate (C16:0, 200 μM) significantly modulates the macrophage gene signature, lowers the expression of transcription factors that positively regulate IL-10 expression (MAFB, AhR), and promotes a proinflammatory state whose acquisition requires JNK activation. Unlike LPS, palmitate exposure does not activate STAT1, and its transcriptional effects can be distinguished from those triggered by LPS, as both agents oppositely regulate the expression of CCL19 and TRIB3 Besides, palmitate conditions macrophages for exacerbated proinflammatory responses (lower IL-10 and CCL2, higher TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) toward pathogenic stimuli, a process also mediated by JNK activation. All of these effects of palmitate are fatty acid specific because oleate (C18:1, 200 μM) does not modify the macrophage transcriptional and functional profiles. Therefore, pathologic palmitate concentrations promote the acquisition of a specific polarization state in human macrophages and condition macrophages for enhanced responses toward inflammatory stimuli, with both effects being dependent on JNK activation. Our results provide further insight into the macrophage contribution to obesity-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Riera-Borrull
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Víctor D Cuevas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Bárbara Alonso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Miguel A Vega
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Elena Izquierdo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
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Javadiyan S, Craig JE, Sharma S, Lower KM, Casey T, Haan E, Souzeau E, Burdon KP. Novel missense mutation in the bZIP transcription factor, MAF, associated with congenital cataract, developmental delay, seizures and hearing loss (Aymé-Gripp syndrome). BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:52. [PMID: 28482824 PMCID: PMC5422868 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Cataract is a major cause of severe visual impairment in childhood. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic cause of syndromic congenital cataract in an Australian mother and son. Method Fifty-one genes associated with congenital cataract were sequenced in the proband using a custom Ampliseq library on the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM). Reads were aligned against the human genome (hg19) and variants were annotated. Variants were prioritised for validation by Sanger sequencing if they were novel, rare or previously reported to be associated with paediatric cataract and were predicted to be protein changing. Variants were assessed for segregation with the phenotype in the affected mother. Result A novel likely pathogenic variant was identified in the transactivation domain of the MAF gene (c.176C > G, p.(Pro59Arg)) in the proband and his affected mother., but was absent in 326 unrelated controls and absent from public variant databases. Conclusion The MAF variant is the likely cause of the congenital cataract, Asperger syndrome, seizures, hearing loss and facial characteristics in the proband, providinga diagnosis of Aymé-Gripp syndrome for the family. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-017-0414-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari Javadiyan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shiwani Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Karen M Lower
- Department of Haematology and Genetic Pathology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Theresa Casey
- Ophthalmology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eric Haan
- SA Clinical Genetics Service, SA Pathology (at Women's and Children's Hospital), Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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DEPTOR maintains plasma cell differentiation and favorably affects prognosis in multiple myeloma. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:92. [PMID: 28420429 PMCID: PMC5395780 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The B cell maturation process involves multiple steps, which are controlled by relevant pathways and transcription factors. The understanding of the final stages of plasma cell (PC) differentiation could provide new insights for therapeutic strategies in multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we explore the role of DEPTOR, an mTOR inhibitor, in the terminal differentiation of myeloma cells, and its potential impact on patient survival. Methods The expression level of DEPTOR in MM cell lines and B cell populations was measured by real-time RT-PCR, and/or Western blot analysis. DEPTOR protein level in MM patients was quantified by capillary electrophoresis immunoassay. RNA interference was used to downregulate DEPTOR in MM cell lines. Results DEPTOR knockdown in H929 and MM1S cell lines induced dedifferentiation of myeloma cells, as demonstrated by the upregulation of PAX5 and BCL6, the downregulation of IRF4, and a clear reduction in cell size and endoplasmic reticulum mass. This effect seemed to be independent of mTOR signaling, since mTOR substrates were not affected by DEPTOR knockdown. Additionally, the potential for DEPTOR to be deregulated in MM by particular miRNAs was investigated. The ectopic expression of miR-135b and miR-642a in myeloma cell lines substantially diminished DEPTOR protein levels, and caused dedifferentiation of myeloma cells. Interestingly, the level of expression of DEPTOR protein in myeloma patients was highly variable, the highest levels being associated with longer progression-free survival. Conclusions Our results demonstrate for the first time that DEPTOR expression is required to maintain myeloma cell differentiation and that high level of its expression are associated with better outcome. Primary samples used in this study correspond to patients entered into GEM2010 trial (registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01237249, 4 November 2010). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0461-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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36
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MAF protein mediates innate resistance to proteasome inhibition therapy in multiple myeloma. Blood 2016; 128:2919-2930. [PMID: 27793878 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-03-706077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) patients with the t(14;16) translocation have a poor prognosis, and unlike other molecular subgroups, their outcome has not improved with the introduction of bortezomib (Bzb). The mechanism underlying innate resistance of MM to Bzb is unknown. In the present study, we have investigated how MAF overexpression impacts resistance to proteasome inhibitor (PI) therapy (Bzb and carfilzomib). High levels of MAF protein were found in t(14;16) cell lines; cell lines from the t(4;14) subgroup had intermediate levels, whereas cell lines from the other subgroups had low levels. High expression of MAF protein in t(14;16) was associated with significantly higher PI half-maximum inhibitory concentration values compared with other molecular subgroups. PI exposure abrogated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)-mediated degradation of MAF protein, resulting in increased MAF protein stability and PI resistance. Subsequent studies using loss-of-function and gain-of-function models showed that silencing MAF led to increased sensitivity to PIs, enhanced apoptosis, and activation of caspase-3, -7, -8, -9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and lamin A/C. In contrast, overexpression of MAF resulted in increased resistance to PIs and reduced apoptosis. These results define the role of MAF and GSK3 in the resistance of t(14;16) MM to PIs and identifies a novel mechanism by which MAF protein levels are regulated by PIs, which in turn confers resistance to PIs.
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Hu S, Ueda M, Stetson L, Ignatz-Hoover J, Moreton S, Chakrabarti A, Xia Z, Karan G, de Lima M, Agrawal MK, Wald DN. A Novel Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitor Optimized for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Differentiation Activity. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1485-1494. [PMID: 27196775 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Standard therapies used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are cytotoxic agents that target rapidly proliferating cells. Unfortunately, this therapeutic approach has limited efficacy and significant toxicity and the majority of AML patients still die of their disease. In contrast to the poor prognosis of most AML patients, most individuals with a rare subtype of AML, acute promyelocytic leukemia, can be cured by differentiation therapy using regimens containing all-trans retinoic acid. GSK3 has been previously identified as a therapeutic target in AML where its inhibition can lead to the differentiation and growth arrest of leukemic cells. Unfortunately, existing GSK3 inhibitors lead to suboptimal differentiation activity making them less useful as clinical AML differentiation agents. Here, we describe the discovery of a novel GSK3 inhibitor, GS87. GS87 was discovered in efforts to optimize GSK3 inhibition for AML differentiation activity. Despite GS87's dramatic ability to induce AML differentiation, kinase profiling reveals its high specificity in targeting GSK3 as compared with other kinases. GS87 demonstrates high efficacy in a mouse AML model system and unlike current AML therapeutics, exhibits little effect on normal bone marrow cells. GS87 induces potent differentiation by more effectively activating GSK3-dependent signaling components including MAPK signaling as compared with other GSK3 inhibitors. GS87 is a novel GSK3 inhibitor with therapeutic potential as a differentiation agent for non-promyelocytic AML. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1485-94. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Hu
- Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve University
| | | | | | | | | | - Amit Chakrabarti
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Invenio Therapeutics Inc. Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Zhiqiang Xia
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Invenio Therapeutics Inc. Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Goutam Karan
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Invenio Therapeutics Inc. Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Mukesh K Agrawal
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Invenio Therapeutics Inc. Cleveland, Ohio.,MirX Pharmaceuticals Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David N Wald
- Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve University.,University Hospitals Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Invenio Therapeutics Inc. Cleveland, Ohio.,University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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Agarwal MB. Multiple Myeloma: Treatment is Getting Individualized. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2016; 32:3-9. [PMID: 26855501 PMCID: PMC4733675 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-015-0575-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease with varied outcome. The novel agents including two major classes of drugs; the immunomodulatory drugs and the proteasome inhibitors with unprecedented response rates, have replaced conventional chemotherapy. With monoclonal antibodies on the horizon, outcome of this disorder will further improve. Progression in risk stratification systems has made it possible to predict the disease course as well as outcome in myeloma patients with disease categorization into low to high risk. In addition, detection of minimal residual disease by serum free light chain assay, flow cytometry, molecular techniques like polymerase chain reaction and positron emission tomography scan is playing an important role in modifying the treatment. An extensive research in the disease biology has improved our knowledge regarding interplay between myeloma cells and elements of the bone marrow microenvironment which contribute to sustain proliferation and survival as well as de novo drug resistance. Again, insight into the role of genetic and epigenetic interactions in MM has exposed new molecular targets. All these have opened the gateway for novel therapeutic strategies with focus on risk based individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Agarwal
- Department of Haematology, Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, India
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The ubiquitin ligase HERC4 mediates c-Maf ubiquitination and delays the growth of multiple myeloma xenografts in nude mice. Blood 2016; 127:1676-86. [PMID: 26825710 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-07-658203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor c-Maf is extensively involved in the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM), a fatal malignancy of plasma cells. In the present study, affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry were used to identify c-Maf ubiquitination-associated proteins, from which the E3 ligase HERC4 was found to interact with c-Maf and catalyzed its polyubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation. HERC4 mediated polyubiquitination at K85 and K297 in c-Maf, and this polyubiquitination could be prevented by the isopeptidase USP5. Further analysis on the NCI-60 cell line collection revealed that RPMI 8226, a MM-derived cell line, expressed the lowest level of HERC4. Primary bone marrow analysis revealed HERC4 expression was high in normal bone marrow, but was steadily decreased during myelomagenesis. These findings suggested HERC4 played an important role in MM progression. Moreover, ectopic HERC4 expression decreased MM proliferation in vitro, and delayed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Therefore, modulation of c-Maf ubiquitination by targeting HERC4 may represent a new therapeutic modality for MM.
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NKG2D and DNAM-1 Ligands: Molecular Targets for NK Cell-Mediated Immunotherapeutic Intervention in Multiple Myeloma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:178698. [PMID: 26161387 PMCID: PMC4486747 DOI: 10.1155/2015/178698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A pivotal strategy to improve NK cell-mediated antitumor activity involves the upregulation of activating ligands on tumor cells. Enhancement of NK cell-mediated recognition of multiple myeloma cells was reported by us and others showing increased surface expression of NKG2D and DNAM-1 ligands on tumor cells following treatment with a number of chemotherapeutic agents, such as genotoxic drugs or inhibitors of proteasome, histone deacetylases, GSK3, and HSP-90. These compounds have the capability to affect tumor survival but also to activate specific transduction pathways associated with the upregulation of different NK cell activating ligands on the tumor cells. Here, we will summarize and discuss the molecular pathways whereby these drugs can regulate the expression of NK cell activating ligands in multiple myeloma cells.
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Juárez Salcedo LM, López Rubio M, Gil Fernández JJ, Garcia-Suarez J, Magro E, Arranz E, Gutiérrez Jomarrón I, Marcellini Antonio S, Blasco A, Burgaleta C. Atypical IgM multiple myeloma with deletion of c-MAF. Int J Lab Hematol 2015; 37:686-9. [PMID: 25996654 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
IgM multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare subtype of myeloma that shares clinical and pathological features with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. These are two separate entities that differ both in therapy and prognosis. We report a 57-year-old male, who presented with anaemia, hypercalcaemia, acute renal failure and several vertebral fractures that clinically suggested a multiple myeloma. Further investigations revealed a serum monoclonal component of IgM lambda type and a bone marrow infiltrated by small, lymphoplasmocytic cells. IgM MM was finally diagnosed by means of both inmunophenotypic and immunohistochemistry techniques, stressing the importance of inmunophenotypic evaluation when clinical and morphological features are discordant. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies disclosed a particular combination of deletion 13q14, t(11;14) and monoallelic deletion C-MAF without t(14;16). The clinical evolution after a Bortezomib-containing polychemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) conditioned with busulphan and melphalan is also presented. This very uncommon case highlights the impact of immunophenotyping on the differential diagnosis between IgM MM and WM, to choose the best treatment and establish an appropriate outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Juárez Salcedo
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - M López Rubio
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Gil Fernández
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Garcia-Suarez
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Magro
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Arranz
- Division of Cytogenetic, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Gutiérrez Jomarrón
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Marcellini Antonio
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Blasco
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Burgaleta
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain.,Medicine Departament, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Niceta M, Stellacci E, Gripp K, Zampino G, Kousi M, Anselmi M, Traversa A, Ciolfi A, Stabley D, Bruselles A, Caputo V, Cecchetti S, Prudente S, Fiorenza M, Boitani C, Philip N, Niyazov D, Leoni C, Nakane T, Keppler-Noreuil K, Braddock S, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Palleschi A, Campeau P, Lee B, Pouponnot C, Stella L, Bocchinfuso G, Katsanis N, Sol-Church K, Tartaglia M. Mutations Impairing GSK3-Mediated MAF Phosphorylation Cause Cataract, Deafness, Intellectual Disability, Seizures, and a Down Syndrome-like Facies. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:816-25. [PMID: 25865493 PMCID: PMC4570552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors operate in developmental processes to mediate inductive events and cell competence, and perturbation of their function or regulation can dramatically affect morphogenesis, organogenesis, and growth. We report that a narrow spectrum of amino-acid substitutions within the transactivation domain of the v-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog (MAF), a leucine zipper-containing transcription factor of the AP1 superfamily, profoundly affect development. Seven different de novo missense mutations involving conserved residues of the four GSK3 phosphorylation motifs were identified in eight unrelated individuals. The distinctive clinical phenotype, for which we propose the eponym Aymé-Gripp syndrome, is not limited to lens and eye defects as previously reported for MAF/Maf loss of function but includes sensorineural deafness, intellectual disability, seizures, brachycephaly, distinctive flat facial appearance, skeletal anomalies, mammary gland hypoplasia, and reduced growth. Disease-causing mutations were demonstrated to impair proper MAF phosphorylation, ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, perturbed gene expression in primary skin fibroblasts, and induced neurodevelopmental defects in an in vivo model. Our findings nosologically and clinically delineate a previously poorly understood recognizable multisystem disorder, provide evidence for MAF governing a wider range of developmental programs than previously appreciated, and describe a novel instance of protein dosage effect severely perturbing development.
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t(14;16)-positive multiple myeloma shows negativity for CD56 expression and unfavorable outcome even in the era of novel drugs. Blood Cancer J 2015; 5:e285. [PMID: 25723856 PMCID: PMC4349263 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2015.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Gaudichon J, Milano F, Cahu J, DaCosta L, Martens AC, Renoir JM, Sola B. Deazaneplanocin a is a promising drug to kill multiple myeloma cells in their niche. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107009. [PMID: 25255316 PMCID: PMC4177844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumoral plasma cells has retained stemness features and in particular, a polycomb-silenced gene expression signature. Therefore, epigenetic therapy could be a mean to fight for multiple myeloma (MM), still an incurable pathology. Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), a S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase inhibitor, targets enhancer of zest homolog 2 (EZH2), a component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and is capable to induce the death of cancer cells. We show here that, in some MM cell lines, DZNep induced both caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis. However, the induction of cell death was not mediated through its effect on EZH2 and the trimethylation on lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3). DZNep likely acted through non-epigenetic mechanisms in myeloma cells. In vivo, in xenograft models, and in vitro DZNep showed potent antimyeloma activity alone or in combination with bortezomib. These preclinical data let us to envisage new therapeutic strategies for myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Gaudichon
- Equipe Associée 4652, Université de Caen, Normandie Univ, Caen, France
| | - Francesco Milano
- Equipe Associée 4652, Université de Caen, Normandie Univ, Caen, France
| | - Julie Cahu
- Equipe Associée 4652, Université de Caen, Normandie Univ, Caen, France
| | - Lætitia DaCosta
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U749, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Anton C. Martens
- Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jack-Michel Renoir
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U749, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Brigitte Sola
- Equipe Associée 4652, Université de Caen, Normandie Univ, Caen, France
- * E-mail:
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