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Corte Rodríguez M, Álvarez-Fernández García R, Blanco E, Bettmer J, Montes-Bayón M. Quantitative Evaluation of Cisplatin Uptake in Sensitive and Resistant Individual Cells by Single-Cell ICP-MS (SC-ICP-MS). Anal Chem 2017; 89:11491-11497. [PMID: 29023104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the main limitations to the Pt-therapy in cancer is the development of associated drug resistance that can be associated with a significant reduction of the intracellular platinum concentration. Thus, intracellular Pt concentration could be considered as a biomarker of cisplatin resistance. In this work, an alternative method to address intracellular Pt concentration in individual cells is explored to permit the evaluation of different cell models and alternative therapies in a relatively fast way. For this aim, total Pt analysis in single cells has been implemented using a total consumption nebulizer coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection (ICP-MS). The efficiency of the proposed device has been evaluated in combination with flow cytometry and turned out to be around 25% (cells entering the ICP-MS from the cells in suspension). Quantitative uptake studies of a nontoxic Tb-containing compound by individual cells were conducted and the results compared to those obtained by bulk analysis of the same cells. Both sets of data were statistically comparable. Thus, final application of the developed methodology to the comparative uptake of Pt-species in cisplatin resistant and sensitive cell lines (A2780cis and A2780) was conducted. The results obtained revealed the potential of this analytical strategy to differentiate between different cell lines of different sensitivity to the drug which might be of high medical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Corte Rodríguez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - R Álvarez-Fernández García
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - E Blanco
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - J Bettmer
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Montes-Bayón
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo , C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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2
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Wang C, Song X, Chen L, Xiao Y. Specifically and wash-free labeling of SNAP-tag fused proteins with a hybrid sensor to monitor local micro-viscosity. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 91:313-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Stornetta A, Zimmermann M, Cimino GD, Henderson PT, Sturla SJ. DNA Adducts from Anticancer Drugs as Candidate Predictive Markers for Precision Medicine. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:388-409. [PMID: 27936622 PMCID: PMC5379252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Biomarker-driven drug selection plays a central role in cancer drug discovery and development, and in diagnostic strategies to improve the use of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. DNA-modifying anticancer drugs are still used as first line medication, but drawbacks such as resistance and side effects remain an issue. Monitoring the formation and level of DNA modifications induced by anticancer drugs is a potential strategy for stratifying patients and predicting drug efficacy. In this perspective, preclinical and clinical data concerning the relationship between drug-induced DNA adducts and biological response for platinum drugs and combination therapies, nitrogen mustards and half-mustards, hypoxia-activated drugs, reductase-activated drugs, and minor groove binding agents are presented and discussed. Aspects including measurement strategies, identification of adducts, and biological factors that influence the predictive relationship between DNA modification and biological response are addressed. A positive correlation between DNA adduct levels and response was observed for the majority of the studies, demonstrating the high potential of using DNA adducts from anticancer drugs as mechanism-based biomarkers of susceptibility, especially as bioanalysis approaches with higher sensitivity and throughput emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Stornetta
- Department
of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maike Zimmermann
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and the
UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University
of California Davis, 4501 X Street, Sacramento, California 95655, United States
- Accelerated
Medical Diagnostics, Inc., 2121 Second Street, B101, Davis, California 95618, United States
| | - George D. Cimino
- Accelerated
Medical Diagnostics, Inc., 2121 Second Street, B101, Davis, California 95618, United States
| | - Paul T. Henderson
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and the
UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University
of California Davis, 4501 X Street, Sacramento, California 95655, United States
- Accelerated
Medical Diagnostics, Inc., 2121 Second Street, B101, Davis, California 95618, United States
| | - Shana J. Sturla
- Department
of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Patel AG, Flatten KS, Peterson KL, Beito TG, Schneider PA, Perkins AL, Harki DA, Kaufmann SH. Immunodetection of human topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:2816-26. [PMID: 26917015 PMCID: PMC4824114 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of established and investigational anticancer drugs slow the religation step of DNA topoisomerase I (topo I). These agents induce cytotoxicity by stabilizing topo I-DNA covalent complexes, which in turn interact with advancing replication forks or transcription complexes to generate lethal lesions. Despite the importance of topo I-DNA covalent complexes, it has been difficult to detect these lesions within intact cells and tumors. Here, we report development of a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes covalent topo I-DNA complexes, but not free topo I or DNA, by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence or flow cytometry. Utilizing this antibody, we demonstrate readily detectable topo I-DNA covalent complexes after treatment with camptothecins, indenoisoquinolines and cisplatin but not nucleoside analogues. Topotecan-induced topo I-DNA complexes peak at 15-30 min after drug addition and then decrease, whereas indotecan-induced complexes persist for at least 4 h. Interestingly, simultaneous staining for covalent topo I-DNA complexes, phospho-H2AX and Rad51 suggests that topotecan-induced DNA double-strand breaks occur at sites distinct from stabilized topo I-DNA covalent complexes. These studies not only provide new insight into the action of topo I-directed agents, but also illustrate a strategy that can be applied to study additional topoisomerases and their inhibitors in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand G Patel
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Karen S Flatten
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kevin L Peterson
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Thomas G Beito
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paula A Schneider
- Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Angela L Perkins
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daniel A Harki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Scott H Kaufmann
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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5
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Cimino GD, Pan CX, Henderson PT. Personalized medicine for targeted and platinum-based chemotherapy of lung and bladder cancer. Bioanalysis 2013; 5:369-91. [PMID: 23394702 PMCID: PMC3644565 DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The personalized medicine revolution is occurring for cancer chemotherapy. Biomarkers are increasingly capable of distinguishing genotypic or phenotypic traits of individual tumors, and are being linked to the selection of treatment protocols. This review covers the molecular basis for biomarkers of response to targeted and cytotoxic lung and bladder cancer treatment with an emphasis on platinum-based chemotherapy. Platinum derivatives are a class of drugs commonly employed against solid tumors that kill cells by covalent attachment to DNA. Platinum-DNA adduct levels in patient tissues have been correlated to response and survival. The sensitivity and precision of adduct detection has increased to the point of enabling subtherapeutic dosing for diagnostics applications, termed diagnostic microdosing, prior to the initiation of full-dose therapy. The clinical status of this unique phenotypic marker for lung and bladder cancer applications is detailed along with discussion of future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Cimino
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics, Inc., 2121 Second Street, B101, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Chong-xian Pan
- University of California Davis, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology & the UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA 94568, USA
- Hematology/Oncology, VA Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Paul T Henderson
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics, Inc., 2121 Second Street, B101, Davis, CA 95618, USA
- University of California Davis, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology & the UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4501 X Street, Suite 3016, Sacramento, CA 94568, USA
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6
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Fenske AE, Glaesener S, Bokemeyer C, Thomale J, Dahm-Daphi J, Honecker F, Dartsch DC. Cisplatin resistance induced in germ cell tumour cells is due to reduced susceptibility towards cell death but not to altered DNA damage induction or repair. Cancer Lett 2012; 324:171-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Sar DG, Montes-Bayón M, Blanco-González E, Sanz-Medel A. Quantitative methods for studying DNA interactions with chemotherapeutic cisplatin. Trends Analyt Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2010.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Abstract
To be most effective anticancer drugs must penetrate tissue efficiently, reaching all the cancer cells that comprise the target population in a concentration sufficient to exert a therapeutic effect. Most research into the resistance of cancers to chemotherapy has concentrated on molecular mechanisms of resistance, whereas the role of limited drug distribution within tumours has been neglected. We summarize the evidence that indicates that the distribution of many anticancer drugs in tumour tissue is incomplete, and we suggest strategies that might be used either to improve drug penetration through tumour tissue or to select compounds based on their abilities to penetrate tissue, thereby increasing the therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I Minchinton
- Department of Medical Biophysics, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada.
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9
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Liedert B, Pluim D, Schellens J, Thomale J. Adduct-specific monoclonal antibodies for the measurement of cisplatin-induced DNA lesions in individual cell nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:e47. [PMID: 16571898 PMCID: PMC1420801 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer drug cisplatin executes its cytotoxic activity via formation of intra- and interstrand crosslinks in DNA. The relative contribution of structurally defined cisplatin adducts to induce apoptosis and the cellular processing of these lesions is still poorly understood mostly due to the lack of sensitive analytical tools for in vivo studies. Here we describe a new method to establish and characterize monoclonal antibodies (Mab) for structurally defined DNA adducts. The two major reaction products of cisplatin, the guanine–guanine (Pt-[GG]) and adenine–guanine (Pt-[AG]) intrastrand crosslinks are recognized by Mab R-C18 and R-B3, respectively. Both antibodies were employed in an immuno-cytological assay allowing the quantification of drug-induced lesions in individual cell nuclei at clinically relevant doses. Analyzing various tissues of cisplatin-treated C57Bl/6 mice the accumulation of Pt-(GG) was highest in kidney tubular cells compared with 30, 50 and 90% lower levels in kidney stroma, liver and peripheral blood cells, respectively. Adduct kinetics revealed that wild type mouse cells remove up to 80% of the crosslinks in contrast to their complete persistence in nucleotide excision repair-deficient (XPC−/−) mice. The aptitude of the immunoassay for human molecular dosimetry studies was demonstrated by measuring adduct levels in tumor biopsies from patients treated with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dick Pluim
- Department of Experimental Therapy, The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Schellens
- Department of Experimental Therapy, The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Thomale
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 201 723 4230; Fax: +49 201 723 5904,
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10
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Darzynkiewicz Z, Huang X, Okafuji M. Cytometric assessment of DNA damage in relation to cell cycle phase and apoptosis. Cell Prolif 2005; 314:81-93. [PMID: 16673876 PMCID: PMC1458375 DOI: 10.1385/1-59259-973-7:081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Reviewed are the methods aimed to detect DNA damage in individual cells, estimate its extent and relate it to cell cycle phase and induction of apoptosis. They include the assays that reveal DNA fragmentation during apoptosis, as well as DNA damage induced by genotoxic agents. DNA fragmentation that occurs in the course of apoptosis is detected by selective extraction of degraded DNA. DNA in chromatin of apoptotic cells shows also increased propensity to undergo denaturation. The most common assay of DNA fragmentation relies on labelling DNA strand breaks with fluorochrome-tagged deoxynucleotides. The induction of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) by genotoxic agents provides a signal for histone H2AX phosphorylation on Ser139; the phosphorylated H2AX is named gammaH2AX. Also, ATM-kinase is activated through its autophosphorylation on Ser1981. Immunocytochemical detection of gammaH2AX and/or ATM-Ser1981(P) are sensitive probes to reveal induction of DSBs. When used concurrently with analysis of cellular DNA content and caspase-3 activation, they allow one to correlate the extent of DNA damage with the cell cycle phase and with activation of the apoptotic pathway. The presented data reveal cell cycle phase-specific patterns of H2AX phosphorylation and ATM autophosphorylation in response to induction of DSBs by ionizing radiation, topoisomerase I and II inhibitors and carcinogens. Detection of DNA damage in tumour cells during radio- or chemotherapy may provide an early marker predictive of response to treatment.
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11
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Huang X, Halicka HD, Traganos F, Tanaka T, Kurose A, Darzynkiewicz Z. Cytometric assessment of DNA damage in relation to cell cycle phase and apoptosis. Cell Prolif 2005; 38:223-43. [PMID: 16098182 PMCID: PMC1360473 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2005.00344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reviewed are the methods aimed to detect DNA damage in individual cells, estimate its extent and relate it to cell cycle phase and induction of apoptosis. They include the assays that reveal DNA fragmentation during apoptosis, as well as DNA damage induced by genotoxic agents. DNA fragmentation that occurs in the course of apoptosis is detected by selective extraction of degraded DNA. DNA in chromatin of apoptotic cells shows also increased propensity to undergo denaturation. The most common assay of DNA fragmentation relies on labelling DNA strand breaks with fluorochrome-tagged deoxynucleotides. The induction of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) by genotoxic agents provides a signal for histone H2AX phosphorylation on Ser139; the phosphorylated H2AX is named gammaH2AX. Also, ATM-kinase is activated through its autophosphorylation on Ser1981. Immunocytochemical detection of gammaH2AX and/or ATM-Ser1981(P) are sensitive probes to reveal induction of DSBs. When used concurrently with analysis of cellular DNA content and caspase-3 activation, they allow one to correlate the extent of DNA damage with the cell cycle phase and with activation of the apoptotic pathway. The presented data reveal cell cycle phase-specific patterns of H2AX phosphorylation and ATM autophosphorylation in response to induction of DSBs by ionizing radiation, topoisomerase I and II inhibitors and carcinogens. Detection of DNA damage in tumour cells during radio- or chemotherapy may provide an early marker predictive of response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Huang
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10532, USA
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12
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Kalayda GV, Zhang G, Abraham T, Tanke HJ, Reedijk J. Application of fluorescence microscopy for investigation of cellular distribution of dinuclear platinum anticancer drugs. J Med Chem 2005; 48:5191-202. [PMID: 16078838 DOI: 10.1021/jm050216h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The dinuclear platinum complexes with aliphatic diamines [{cis-Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl}(2)(mu-H(2)N(CH(2))(6)NH(2))](NO(3))(2) (1,1/c,c) and [{trans-Pt(NH(3))(2)Cl}(2)(mu-H(2)N(CH(2))(4)NH(2))](NO(3))(2) (1,1/t,t), which are known to be highly active in vitro against several cancer cell lines, have been modified with a fluorogenic reporter (carboxyfluorescein diacetate, CFDA) and a hapten (dinitrophenyl, DNP). These labeled complexes have been designed for fluorescence microscopy investigation of cellular pathways of promising dinuclear platinum anticancer drugs and present the first example of labeling biologically active dinuclear platinum complexes with a fluorescent reporter. The modified compounds interact with a guanine model base similarly to the label-free parent complexes. The uptake of the complexes with a fluorescent label and the respective unlabeled complexes in the U2-OS human osteosarcoma cell line and its cisplatin-resistant derivative, U2-OS/Pt cell line has been investigated. Cellular processing of the CFDA- and DNP-modified dinuclear platinum complexes in U2-OS and U2-OS/Pt cells has been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna V Kalayda
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Fokkema E, Groen HJM, Helder MN, de Vries EGE, Meijer C. JM216-, JM118-, and cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in relation to platinum-DNA adduct formation, glutathione levels and p53 status in human tumour cell lines with different sensitivities to cisplatin. Biochem Pharmacol 2002; 63:1989-96. [PMID: 12093475 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(02)00983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to establish anti-tumour potency of the new oral platinum drug JM216 and its metabolite JM118 in relation to the platinum (Pt)-DNA adduct formation, glutathione (GSH)-levels, and p53 status in human cancer cell lines with different sensitivities to cisplatin (CDDP). These parameters were studied in the CDDP sensitive human germ cell cancer cell line Tera and the small-cell lung cancer cell line GLC4 and their sublines with in vitro acquired CDDP resistance, Tera-CP and GLC4-CDDP, in a human ovarian cancer cell line transfected with mutant p53 (A2780/mt273) and with an empty vector as control (A2780/cmv), and in the intrinsic CDDP resistant human non-small-cell lung cancer cell line SW1573/S1 and colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2. Cytotoxicity was tested with the microculture tetrazolium (MTT)-assay. Pt-DNA adduct levels were assessed immunocytochemically. Quantitative analysis was performed by double fluorescence video microscopy. Results were correlated with GSH levels and p53 status of the cell lines. This study showed that both JM216 and JM118 can partially circumvent intrinsic and acquired resistance to CDDP. Drug-induced cytotoxicity only correlated negatively with GSH levels for JM216 and CDDP in the tested unselected cell lines. At equimolar basis, JM216 induced lower levels of Pt-DNA adducts in the various cell lines than JM118 and CDDP, whereas the JM118-induced amount and pattern of Pt-DNA adducts was comparable to CDDP. No difference in initial Pt-DNA adducts levels was observed between cell lines sensitive, acquired or intrinsic resistant to CDDP suggesting a Pt-resistance mechanism based on tolerance or increased repair, rather than decreased initial Pt-DNA adduct formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelco Fokkema
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Hospital Groningen, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Meijera C, van Luyn MJ, Nienhuis EF, Blom N, Mulder NH, de Vries EG. Ultrastructural morphology and localisation of cisplatin-induced platinum-DNA adducts in a cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant human small cell lung cancer cell line using electron microscopy. Biochem Pharmacol 2001; 61:573-8. [PMID: 11239500 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultrastructural morphology (transmission electron microscopy) and localisation of cisplatin-induced platinum (Pt)-DNA adducts (immunoelectron microscopy) were analysed in the human small cell lung cancer cell line GLC(4) and its 40-fold in vitro acquired cisplatin-resistant subline GLC(4)-CDDP, which is characterised by, among other things, a decreased DNA platination. Immunolabelling of Pt-DNA adducts was performed with the polyclonal antibody GPt, known to detect the main Pt-containing intrastrand and interstrand DNA adducts. Morphological analysis of GLC(4) and GLC(4)-CDDP at the ultrastructural level showed cells with a high nucleus/cytoplasm ratio with the majority of nuclei containing one or more nucleoli. GLC(4)-CDDP showed, in contrast to GLC(4), an extensive Golgi apparatus and an increased number of mitochondria. DNA platination was detectable in both GLC(4) and GLC(4)-CDDP. Immunoelectron microscopy showed Pt-DNA adducts primarily in the nucleus, preferentially at loci with high-density chromatin (e.g. heterochromatin, pars granulosa around nucleoli, condensed DNA in proliferating and apoptotic cells), and in mitochondria. The level of detectable Pt-DNA adducts was cell cycle status-dependent. In both cell lines, Pt-DNA adduct levels increased from non-dividing interphase cells to dividing cells and were highest in cells undergoing apoptosis. Overall localisation of Pt-DNA adducts was comparable in GLC(4) and GLC(4)-CDDP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Meijera
- Department of Medical Oncology, P.O. Box 30.001, University Hospital Groningen, 9700RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Mazur L, Czyzewska A, Augustynek A. WR-2721: inhibitor of cisplatin-induced micronuclei. TERATOGENESIS, CARCINOGENESIS, AND MUTAGENESIS 2001; 20:349-56. [PMID: 11074519 DOI: 10.1002/1520-6866(2000)20:6<349::aid-tcm4>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The modulatory effect of S-2-/3-aminopropylamino/ethyl-phosphorothioic acid, (WR-2721, Amifostine) on induction of micronuclei by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum[II] (CDDP) was studied. The adult, male Swiss mice were treated with WR-2721, at a dose of 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg body weight, and/or with CDDP, at a dose 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg body weight. WR-2721 was given alone or 30 min before CDDP administration. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) and also the number of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, at 24 h after the drug application, were determined. After administration of CDDP, the frequency of MNPCEs distinctly increased, and the number of PCEs decreased. As compared with the animals injected with CDDP only, in mice treated with WR-2721 before CDDP application, the number of MNPCEs was reduced and the frequency of PCEs was increased. However, WR-2721 given alone, without subsequent administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum[II], caused an increase in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and a decrease in the number of PCEs. The geno- and cyto-toxicity and chemoprotection were dependent on the doses of the agents WR-2721 and CDDP applied. In mice injected with CDDP and/or WR-2721, the patterns of changes in the frequency of MNPCEs and PCEs were similar in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, respectively. The protective effect of the aminothiol compound WR-2721 against induction of micronuclei and apoptotic cell death in the erythropoietic system by CDDP was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mazur
- Laboratory of Experimental Haematology and Toxicology, Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
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16
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Iida T, Makino Y, Okamoto K, Yoshikawa N, Makino I, Nakamura T, Tanaka H. Functional modulation of the mineralocorticoid receptor by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II). Kidney Int 2000; 58:1450-60. [PMID: 11012880 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00307.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal salt wasting and hypotension are some of the frequent complications in patients treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cDDP), and it is suggested that cDDP produces an abnormality in the renin-angiotensin system. However, not only the underlying mechanism but also prophylactic treatment of this cDDP toxicity remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of this cDDP-induced disturbance of renal sodium handling with focusing on the effect of cDDP on mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) function. METHODS The effect of cDDP was studied on nuclear translocation, DNA binding activity, and transactivation function of the MR. RESULTS In a transient transfection assay, cDDP suppressed MR-dependent reporter gene expression. This cDDP-mediated repression of MR function, at least in part, is suggested to be due to the generation of reactive oxygen species and a subsequent decrease in ligand-dependent nuclear translocation and suppression of the interaction with DNA of the MR. This redox-dependent repression of MR function both in vitro and in vivo was reversed by treatment with reducing reagents. Moreover, cDDP, most possibly via formation of DNA adducts, inhibited MR-DNA interaction in a redox-independent fashion. CONCLUSIONS MR function is impaired by cDDP at multiple levels, via redox-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iida
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical College, Midorigaoka, Asahikawa, Japan
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