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Colaco JC, Chandrasekaran AP, Karapurkar JK, Birappa G, Rajkumar S, Gowda DAA, Suresh B, Lee J, Singh V, Hong SH, Kim KS, Ramakrishna S. βTrCP1 promotes SLC35F2 protein ubiquitination and inhibits cancer progression in HeLa cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:27-38. [PMID: 37801987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The solute carrier family 35 F2 (SLC35F2) belongs to membrane-bound carrier proteins that are associated with multiple cancers. The main factor that determines cancer progression is the expression level of SLC35F2. Thus, identifying the E3 ligase that controls SLC35F2 protein abundance in cancer cells is critical. Here, we identified βTrCP1 interacting with and reducing the SLC35F2 protein level. βTrCP1 signals SLC35F2 protein ubiquitination and reduces SLC35F2 protein half-life. The mRNA expression pattern between βTrCP1 and SLC35F2 across a panel of cancer cell lines showed a negative correlation. Additionally, the depletion of βTrCP1 accumulated SLC35F2 protein and promoted SLC35F2-mediated cell growth, migration, invasion, and colony formation ability in HeLa cells. Overall, we demonstrate that βTrCP1 acts as a tumor suppressor by controlling SLC35F2 protein abundance in cancer cells. The depletion of βTrCP1 promotes SLC35F2-mediated carcinogenesis. Thus, we envision that βTrCP1 may be a potential target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jencia Carminha Colaco
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | | | | | - Girish Birappa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Sripriya Rajkumar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - D A Ayush Gowda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Bharathi Suresh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Junwon Lee
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Eonjuro 211, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06273, South Korea
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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2
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Celada SI, Li G, Celada LJ, Lu W, Kanagasabai T, Feng W, Cao Z, Salsabeel N, Mao N, Brown LK, Mark ZA, Izban MG, Ballard BR, Zhou X, Adunyah SE, Matusik RJ, Wang X, Chen Z. Lysosome-dependent FOXA1 ubiquitination contributes to luminal lineage of advanced prostate cancer. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2126-2146. [PMID: 37491794 PMCID: PMC10552895 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in FOXA1 (forkhead box protein A1) protein levels are well associated with prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Unfortunately, direct targeting of FOXA1 in progressive PCa remains challenging due to variations in FOXA1 protein levels, increased FOXA1 mutations at different stages of PCa, and elusive post-translational FOXA1 regulating mechanisms. Here, we show that SKP2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2) catalyzes K6- and K29-linked polyubiquitination of FOXA1 for lysosomal-dependent degradation. Our data indicate increased SKP2:FOXA1 protein ratios in stage IV human PCa compared to stages I-III, together with a strong inverse correlation (r = -0.9659) between SKP2 and FOXA1 levels, suggesting that SKP2-FOXA1 protein interactions play a significant role in PCa progression. Prostate tumors of Pten/Trp53 mice displayed increased Skp2-Foxa1-Pcna signaling and colocalization, whereas disruption of the Skp2-Foxa1 interplay in Pten/Trp53/Skp2 triple-null mice demonstrated decreased Pcna levels and increased expression of Foxa1 and luminal positive cells. Treatment of xenograft mice with the SKP2 inhibitor SZL P1-41 decreased tumor proliferation, SKP2:FOXA1 ratios, and colocalization. Thus, our results highlight the significance of the SKP2-FOXA1 interplay on the luminal lineage in PCa and the potential of therapeutically targeting FOXA1 through SKP2 to improve PCa control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherly I. Celada
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesTennessee State UniversityNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Guoliang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | | | - Wenfu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Weiran Feng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Zhen Cao
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical SciencesWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Nazifa Salsabeel
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Ninghui Mao
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - LaKendria K. Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Zaniya A. Mark
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Michael G. Izban
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell BiologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Billy R. Ballard
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell BiologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Xinchun Zhou
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Samuel E. Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Robert J. Matusik
- Department of UrologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Biological SciencesTennessee State UniversityNashvilleTNUSA
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and PharmacologyMeharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTNUSA
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3
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Shah MA, Kang JB, Koh PO. Chlorogenic acid modulates the ubiquitin-proteasome system in stroke animal model. Lab Anim Res 2022; 38:41. [PMID: 36539905 PMCID: PMC9768937 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-022-00151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorogenic acid, a phenolic compound, has potent antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is an important regulators of neurodevelopment and modulators of neuronal function. This system is associated with neurodevelopment and neurotransmission through degradation and removal of damaged proteins. Activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is a critical factor in preventing cell death. We have previously reported a decrease in the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system during cerebral ischemia. This study investigated whether chlorogenic acid regulates the ubiquitin-proteasome system in an animal stroke model. In adult rats, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery was performed to induce focal cerebral ischemia. Chlorogenic acid (30 mg/kg) or normal saline was injected into the abdominal cavity 2 h after MCAO surgery, and cerebral cortex tissues were collected 24 h after MCAO damage. RESULTS Chlorogenic acid attenuated neurobehavioral disorders and histopathological changes caused by MCAO damage. We identified the decreases in ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1, ubiquitin thioesterase OTUB1, proteasome subunit α type 1, proteasome subunit α type 3, and proteasome subunit β type 4 expression using a proteomics approach in MCAO animals. The decrease in these proteins was alleviated by chlorogenic acid. In addition, the results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction confirmed these changes. The identified proteins were markedly reduced in MCAO damage, while chlorogenic acid prevented these reductions induced by MCAO. The decrease of ubiquitin-proteasome system proteins in ischemic damage was associated with neuronal apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that chlorogenic acid regulates ubiquitin-proteasome system proteins and protects cortical neurons from neuronal damage. These results provide evidence that chlorogenic acid has neuroprotective effects and maintains the ubiquitin-proteasome system in ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad-Ali Shah
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-Daero, Jinju, 52828 South Korea
| | - Ju-Bin Kang
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-Daero, Jinju, 52828 South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-Daero, Jinju, 52828 South Korea
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Lee J, Lim JW, Kim H. Astaxanthin Inhibits Oxidative Stress-Induced Ku Protein Degradation and Apoptosis in Gastric Epithelial Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193939. [PMID: 36235593 PMCID: PMC9570747 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induces DNA damage which can be repaired by DNA repair proteins, such as Ku70/80. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulate the activation of caspase-3, which degrades Ku 70/80. Cells with decreased Ku protein levels undergo apoptosis. Astaxanthin exerts antioxidant activity by inducing the expression of catalase, an antioxidant enzyme, in gastric epithelial cells. Therefore, astaxanthin may inhibit oxidative stress-induced DNA damage by preventing Ku protein degradation and thereby suppressing apoptosis. Ku proteins can be degraded via ubiquitination and neddylation which adds ubiquitin-like protein to substrate proteins. We aimed to determine whether oxidative stress decreases Ku70/80 expression through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway to induce apoptosis and whether astaxanthin inhibits oxidative stress-induced changes in gastric epithelial AGS cells. We induced oxidative stress caused by the treatment of β-D-glucose (G) and glucose oxidase (GO) in the cells. As a result, the G/GO treatment increased ROS levels, decreased nuclear Ku protein levels and Ku-DNA-binding activity, and induced the ubiquitination of Ku80. G/GO increased the DNA damage marker levels (γ-H2AX; DNA fragmentation) and apoptosis marker annexin V-positive cells and cell death. Astaxanthin inhibited G/GO-induced alterations, including Ku degradation in AGS cells. MLN4924, a neddylation inhibitor, and MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, suppressed G/GO-mediated DNA fragmentation and decreased cell viability. These results indicated that G/GO-induced oxidative stress causes Ku protein loss through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway, resulting in DNA fragmentation and apoptotic cell death. Astaxanthin inhibited oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis via the reduction of ROS levels and inhibition of Ku protein degradation. In conclusion, dietary astaxanthin supplementation or astaxanthin-rich food consumption may be effective for preventing or delaying oxidative stress-mediated cell damage by suppressing Ku protein loss and apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-3125; Fax: +82-2-364-5781
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Mendez Valdez MJ, Lu VM, Kim E, Rivas SR, Govindarajan V, Ivan M, Komotar R, Nath A, Heiss JD, Shah AH. Glioblastoma multiforme in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: an integrated review and analysis. J Neurooncol 2022; 159:571-579. [PMID: 35857248 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As lifespans for persons living with HIV (PLWH) have improved over the last decade, there has been a simultaneous increase in non-AIDS-related cancer in that group. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the incidence of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in PLWH. Better understanding of the oncogenesis, natural history, and treatment outcomes of GBM in PLWH should lead to improved treatment strategies. METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search of six electronic databases to identify eligible cases of GBM among PLWH. Kaplan-Meier estimates, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression were used to interrogate the data. Epidemiologic data on global HIV prevalence was obtained from the 2016 UNAIDS incidence report, and CNS cancer incidence was obtained from the GDB 2016 Brain and Other CNS Cancer Collaborators. RESULTS There is an inverse relationship between the incidence of HIV and CNS cancer globally. Median overall survival (OS) from GBM diagnosis was 8 months. Estimates for survival at 1 and 2 years were 28 and 5%, respectively. There were no statistically significant predictors of OS in this setting. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in OS in PLWH and GBM when compared to TCGA age matched cohorts. CONCLUSION The diagnosis of GBM in PLWH is severely underreported in the literature. Despite maximal treatment, OS in this patient population is significantly less than in HIV-negative people. There was a poor prognosis of GBM in PLWH, which is inconsistent with previous reports. Further investigation is required for PLWH and concomitant GBM. Analyses must consider if HAART is maintained in PLWH during GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor M Lu
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Enoch Kim
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, USA
| | - Sarah R Rivas
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Michael Ivan
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | | | - Avindra Nath
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John D Heiss
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ashish H Shah
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, USA
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6
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Sharma A, Khan H, Singh TG, Grewal AK, Najda A, Kawecka-Radomska M, Kamel M, Altyar AE, Abdel-Daim MM. Pharmacological Modulation of Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathways in Oncogenic Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111971. [PMID: 34769401 PMCID: PMC8584958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is involved in regulating several biological functions, including cell cycle control, apoptosis, DNA damage response, and apoptosis. It is widely known for its role in degrading abnormal protein substrates and maintaining physiological body functions via ubiquitinating enzymes (E1, E2, E3) and the proteasome. Therefore, aberrant expression in these enzymes results in an altered biological process, including transduction signaling for cell death and survival, resulting in cancer. In this review, an overview of profuse enzymes involved as a pro-oncogenic or progressive growth factor in tumors with their downstream signaling pathways has been discussed. A systematic literature review of PubMed, Medline, Bentham, Scopus, and EMBASE (Elsevier) databases was carried out to understand the nature of the extensive work done on modulation of ubiquitin-proteasome pathways in oncogenic signaling. Various in vitro, in vivo studies demonstrating the involvement of ubiquitin-proteasome systems in varied types of cancers and the downstream signaling pathways involved are also discussed in the current review. Several inhibitors of E1, E2, E3, deubiquitinase enzymes and proteasome have been applied for treating cancer. Some of these drugs have exhibited successful outcomes in in vivo studies on different cancer types, so clinical trials are going on for these inhibitors. This review mainly focuses on certain ubiquitin-proteasome enzymes involved in developing cancers and certain enzymes that can be targeted to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
- Correspondence: or (T.G.S.); (M.M.A.-D.); Tel.: +91-9815951171 (T.G.S.); +966-580192142 (M.M.A.-D.)
| | - Amarjot Kaur Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (A.S.); (H.K.); (A.K.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (M.K.-R.)
| | - Małgorzata Kawecka-Radomska
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland; (A.N.); (M.K.-R.)
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (T.G.S.); (M.M.A.-D.); Tel.: +91-9815951171 (T.G.S.); +966-580192142 (M.M.A.-D.)
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Bryan L, Clynes M, Meleady P. The emerging role of cellular post-translational modifications in modulating growth and productivity of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107757. [PMID: 33895332 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are one of the most commonly used host cell lines used for the production human therapeutic proteins. Much research over the past two decades has focussed on improving the growth, titre and cell specific productivity of CHO cells and in turn lowering the costs associated with production of recombinant proteins. CHO cell engineering has become of particular interest in recent years following the publication of the CHO cell genome and the availability of data relating to the proteome, transcriptome and metabolome of CHO cells. However, data relating to the cellular post-translational modification (PTMs) which can affect the functionality of CHO cellular proteins has only begun to be presented in recent years. PTMs are important to many cellular processes and can further alter proteins by increasing the complexity of proteins and their interactions. In this review, we describe the research presented from CHO cells to date related on three of the most important PTMs; glycosylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bryan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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8
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Uranga J, Hasecke L, Proppe J, Fingerhut J, Mata RA. Theoretical Studies of the Acid-Base Equilibria in a Model Active Site of the Human 20S Proteasome. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:1942-1953. [PMID: 33719420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The 20S proteasome is a macromolecule responsible for the chemical step in the ubiquitin-proteasome system of degrading unnecessary and unused proteins of the cell. It plays a central role both in the rapid growth of cancer cells and in viral infection cycles. Herein, we present a computational study of the acid-base equilibria in an active site of the human proteasome (caspase-like), an aspect which is often neglected despite the crucial role protons play in the catalysis. As example substrates, we take the inhibition by epoxy- and boronic acid-containing warheads. We have combined cluster quantum mechanical calculations, replica exchange molecular dynamics, and Bayesian optimization of nonbonded potential terms in the inhibitors. In relation to the latter, we propose an easily scalable approach for the reevaluation of nonbonded potentials making use of the hybrid quantum mechanics molecular mechanics dynamics information. Our results show that coupled acid-base equilibria need to be considered when modeling the inhibition mechanism. The coupling between a neighboring lysine and the reacting threonine is not affected by the presence of the studied inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Uranga
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Hasecke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jonny Proppe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Fingerhut
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ricardo A Mata
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Kumar S, Harmanci A, Vytheeswaran J, Gerstein MB. SVFX: a machine learning framework to quantify the pathogenicity of structural variants. Genome Biol 2020; 21:274. [PMID: 33168059 PMCID: PMC7650198 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of approaches for identifying pathogenic genomic structural variants (SVs) although they play a crucial role in many diseases. We present a mechanism-agnostic machine learning-based workflow, called SVFX, to assign pathogenicity scores to somatic and germline SVs. In particular, we generate somatic and germline training models, which include genomic, epigenomic, and conservation-based features, for SV call sets in diseased and healthy individuals. We then apply SVFX to SVs in cancer and other diseases; SVFX achieves high accuracy in identifying pathogenic SVs. Predicted pathogenic SVs in cancer cohorts are enriched among known cancer genes and many cancer-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Kumar
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Arif Harmanci
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jagath Vytheeswaran
- Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Mark B Gerstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, 260/266 Whitney Avenue, PO Box 208114, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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10
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Zerfas BL, Coleman RA, Salazar-Chaparro AF, Macatangay NJ, Trader DJ. Fluorescent Probes with Unnatural Amino Acids to Monitor Proteasome Activity in Real-Time. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2588-2596. [PMID: 32786259 PMCID: PMC8319958 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The proteasome is an essential protein complex that, when dysregulated, can result in various diseases in eukaryotic cells. As such, understanding the enzymatic activity of the proteasome and what can alter it is crucial to elucidating its roles in these diseases. This can be done effectively by using activity-based fluorescent substrate probes, of which there are many commercially available that target the individual protease-like subunits in the 20S CP of the proteasome. Unfortunately, these probes have not displayed appropriate characteristics for their use in live cell-based assays. In the work presented here, we have developed a set of probes which have shown improved fluorescence properties and selectivity toward the proteasome compared to other cellular proteases. By including unnatural amino acids, we have found probes which can be utilized in various applications, including monitoring the effects of small molecule stimulators of the proteasome in live cells and comparing the relative proteasome activity across different cancer cell types. In future studies, we expect the fluorescent probes presented here will serve as tools to support the discovery and characterization of small molecule modulators of proteasome activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna L. Zerfas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rachel A. Coleman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Andres F. Salazar-Chaparro
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nathaniel J. Macatangay
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Darci J. Trader
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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11
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Rusinek D, Pfeifer A, Cieslicka M, Kowalska M, Pawlaczek A, Krajewska J, Szpak-Ulczok S, Tyszkiewicz T, Halczok M, Czarniecka A, Zembala-Nozynska E, Chekan M, Lamch R, Handkiewicz-Junak D, Ledwon A, Paliczka-Cieslik E, Kropinska A, Jarzab B, Oczko-Wojciechowska M. TERT Promoter Mutations and Their Impact on Gene Expression Profile in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1597. [PMID: 32560331 PMCID: PMC7352936 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations are related to a worse prognosis in various malignancies, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Since mechanisms responsible for the poorer outcome of TERTp(+) patients are still unknown, searching for molecular consequences of TERTp mutations in PTC was the aim of our study. METHODS The studied cohort consisted of 54 PTCs, among them 24 cases with distant metastases. BRAF V600E, RAS, and TERTp mutational status was evaluated in all cases. Differences in gene expression profile between TERTp(+) and TERTp(-) PTCs were examined using microarrays. The evaluation of signaling pathways and gene ontology was based on the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. RESULTS Fifty-nine percent (32/54) of analyzed PTCs were positive for at least one mutation: 27 were BRAF(+), among them eight were TERTp(+), and 1 NRAS(+), whereas five other samples harbored RAS mutations. Expression of four genes significantly differed in BRAF(+)TERTp(+) and BRAF(+)TERTp(-) PTCs. Deregulation of pathways involved in key cell processes was observed. CONCLUSIONS TERTp mutations are related to higher PTC aggressiveness. CRABP2 gene was validated as associated with TERTp mutations. However, its potential use in diagnostics or risk stratification in PTC patients needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Rusinek
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Aleksandra Pfeifer
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Marta Cieslicka
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Malgorzata Kowalska
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Agnieszka Pawlaczek
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Jolanta Krajewska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Sylwia Szpak-Ulczok
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Tomasz Tyszkiewicz
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Monika Halczok
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Agnieszka Czarniecka
- Department of Oncological and Reconstructive Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Ewa Zembala-Nozynska
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (E.Z.-N.); (M.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Mykola Chekan
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (E.Z.-N.); (M.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Roman Lamch
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (E.Z.-N.); (M.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Daria Handkiewicz-Junak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Ledwon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Ewa Paliczka-Cieslik
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Kropinska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Barbara Jarzab
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Malgorzata Oczko-Wojciechowska
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
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Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection Induces the Expression of Neuroendocrine Genes in Endothelial Cells. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01692-19. [PMID: 31969437 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01692-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is etiologically associated with endothelial Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in immunocompromised individuals. KS lesion cells exhibit many similarities to neuroendocrine (NE) cancers, such as highly vascular and red/purple tumor lesions, spindle-shaped cells, an insignificant role for classic oncogenes in tumor development, the release of bioactive amines, and indolent growth of the tumors. However, the mechanistic basis for the similarity of KS lesion endothelial cells to neuroendocrine tumors remains unknown. Next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis in the present study demonstrate that endothelial cells latently infected with KSHV express several neuronal and NE genes. De novo infection of primary dermal endothelial cells with live and UV-inactivated KSHV demonstrated that viral gene expression is responsible for the upregulation of five selected NE genes (adrenomedullin 2 [ADM2], histamine receptor H1 [HRH1], neuron-specific enolase [NSE] [ENO2], neuronal protein gene product 9.5 [PGP9.5], and somatostatin receptor 1 [SSTR1]). Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry examinations demonstrated the robust expression of the NE genes HRH1 and NSE/ENO2 in KSHV-infected KS tissue samples and KS visceral tissue microarrays. Further analysis demonstrated that KSHV latent open reading frame K12 (ORFK12) gene (kaposin A)-mediated decreased host REST/NRSF (RE1-silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencer factor) protein, a neuronal gene transcription repressor protein, is responsible for NE gene expression in infected endothelial cells. The NE gene expression observed in KSHV-infected cells was recapitulated in uninfected endothelial cells by the exogenous expression of ORFK12 and by the treatment of cells with the REST inhibitor X5050. When the neuroactive ligand-activating receptor HRH1 and inhibitory SSTR1 were knocked out by CRISPR, HRH1 knockout (KO) significantly inhibited cell proliferation, while SSTR1 KO induced cell proliferation, thus suggesting that HRH1 and SSTR1 probably counteract each other in regulating KSHV-infected endothelial cell proliferation. These results demonstrate that the similarity of KS lesion cells to neuroendocrine tumors is probably a result of KSHV infection-induced transformation of nonneuronal endothelial cells into cells with neuroendocrine features. These studies suggest a potential role of neuroendocrine pathway genes in the pathobiological characteristics of KSHV-infected endothelial cells, including a potential mechanism of escape from the host immune system by the expression of immunologically privileged neuronal-site NE genes, and NE genes could potentially serve as markers for KSHV-infected KS lesion endothelial cells as well as novel therapeutic targets to control KS lesions.IMPORTANCE Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) manipulates several cellular pathways for its survival advantage during its latency in the infected human host. Here, we demonstrate that KSHV infection upregulates the expression of genes related to neuronal and neuroendocrine (NE) functions that are characteristic of NE tumors, both in vitro and in KS patient tissues and the heterogeneity of neuroendocrine receptors having opposing roles in KSHV-infected cell proliferation. Induction of NE genes by KSHV could also provide a potential survival advantage, as the expression of proteins at immunologically privileged sites such as neurons on endothelial cells may be an avenue to escape host immune surveillance functions. The NE gene products identified here could serve as markers for KSHV-infected cells and could potentially serve as therapeutic targets to combat KSHV-associated KS.
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Clark A, Burleson M. SPOP and cancer: a systematic review. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:704-726. [PMID: 32266086 PMCID: PMC7136909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation and progression of cancer is dependent on the acquisition of mutations in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that ultimately leads to the dysregulation of key regulatory pathways. Though these mutations often occur in direct regulators of such pathways, some may confer tumorigenic potential by indirectly targeting several pathways congruently thereby exerting pleiotropic effects. In recent years, the tumor suppressor gene Speckle Type POZ Protein (SPOP) has gained a lot of attention as it has been found to be altered in a variety of different cancers. SPOP appears to exert pleiotropic tumorigenic effects as multiple different regulatory pathways become dysregulated upon SPOP alterations. SPOP has been identified as an E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate binding subunit of the proteasome complex. Since protein degradation is critical in regulating proper cellular function it is not surprising that the proteasome pathway is often found to be disrupted in cancer. Many studies have now indicated that mutations or changes in the expression of SPOP are one of several underlying reasons of proteasome pathway disruption in different cancers. Ultimately, either SPOP downregulation or mutation promotes stabilization of direct SPOP targets which subsequently promotes cancer through the dysregulation of key regulatory pathways. In this review, we will discuss the current literature on cancer-specific SPOP alterations as well the SPOP targets that are stabilized, and the pathways that are dysregulated, as a result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Clark
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San AntonioSan Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marieke Burleson
- Department of Biology, University of The Incarnate WordSan Antonio, TX, USA
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14
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Wang J, Wang N, Zhao WD, Zhao LX, Jing YG, Yang LJ, He J, Li J. RNA-Seq Analysis Identified XLOC_009190 as Potential Therapeutic Target for Lung Adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11221-11229. [PMID: 31908488 PMCID: PMC6927261 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s225532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abnormal regulation on the expression of lncRNAs had been linked to multiple kinds of cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS In this study, we carried out RNA-Seq on the three tumors and their paired normal samples from Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma. All the transcripts were de novo assembled, among which all the possible lncRNAs were predicted by tools including PLEK, CNCI, CPC, Blastp, hmmscan, and so forth. Their expression levels, altogether with the annotated mRNAs, were quantified. The weighted correlation network analysis and analysis of differential expression were carried out to explain the biological function of these novel lncRNAs. RESULTS The weighted correlation network analysis showed that the lncRNAs, which were highly correlated with protein-coding genes, participated in various pathways, including PI3K kinase pathways. These lncRNAs were important regulators in biological processes. Next, the differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified, including four known lncRNAs and one novel lncRNA (XLOC_009190). The cis-regulation of this novel lncRNA might act on MGST1, which protected cells by conjugation and glutathione peroxidase functions. The trans-regulation of this lncRNA was investigated by its correlated mRNAs. The results showed that it possibly played a role in transmembrane receptors like G protein-coupled receptors and potassium channels. CONCLUSION We proposed the potential biological function of XLOC_009190, but further experiments are needed to elucidate its roles and its potential to be the therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-dong Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-xian Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-guang Jing
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-jie Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan671000, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Askari B, Rudbari HA, Micale N, Schirmeister T, Maugeri A, Navarra M. Anticancer study of heterobimetallic platinum(II)-ruthenium(II) and platinum(II)-rhodium(III) complexes with bridging dithiooxamide ligand. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.120918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Yadav D, Mishra BN, Khan F. Quantitative structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies on human proteasome inhibitors for anticancer activity targeting NF-κB signaling pathway. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:3621-3632. [PMID: 31514715 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1666743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal ubiquitin-proteasome is found as an important target in various human diseases, especially in cancer, and recently it has received prevalent attention as a challenging therapeutic target. The current work is designed to derive a predictive two-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship model for anticancer human proteasome target of NF-κB signaling pathway. The established 2 D-QSAR is dependent on multiple linear regression approach and validated through leave-One-Out and external test set prediction method. The robust QSAR model showed the r2 of 0.83 and q2 of 0.80 and pred_r2 of 0.77. Three chemical properties, electronegativity count, average potential, and T_2_N_6 were identified as significant descriptors to predict the anticancer activities of the proteasome antagonists. Besides, the predicted top hit compounds were considered to check out the compliance with Rule of five and pharmacokinetic parameters for oral bioavailability in the human body. The molecular docking was accomplished to unravel the molecular mode of action of best-predicted compounds which was compatible with the standard drug. Following this approach, lastly two compounds NP and AP were recognized as the best candidates since these top compounds follow all the standard limit point of entire filters and indicated effective and decent docking score. The outcomes of the study sturdily suggested that the developed model and top hit compound's binding conformation are rational in the exploration of unknown antagonist's anticancer activity. The research would be of great support and is supposed to be of immense significance in the development and designing of drug-like candidates in preliminary drug discovery. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Yadav
- Department of Metabolic and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhartendu Nath Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering & Technology (a Constituent Institute of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Feroz Khan
- Department of Metabolic and Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Askari B, Rudbari HA, Micale N, Schirmeister T, Giannetto A, Lanza S, Bruno G, Mirkhani V. Synthesis, solution behaviour and potential anticancer activity of new trinuclear organometallic palladium(II) complex of {S}-1-phenylethyl dithiooxamide: Comparison with the trinuclear heterobimetallic platinum(II) analogue. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Ullah K, Zubia E, Narayan M, Yang J, Xu G. Diverse roles of the E2/E3 hybrid enzyme
UBE
2O in the regulation of protein ubiquitination, cellular functions, and disease onset. FEBS J 2018; 286:2018-2034. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kifayat Ullah
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Emmanuel Zubia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at El Paso TX USA
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at El Paso TX USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu China
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Lewis y antigen promotes p27 degradation by regulating ubiquitin-proteasome activity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110064-110076. [PMID: 29299130 PMCID: PMC5746365 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen, elevated expression of Lewis y promotes the malignant behaviors of tumor cells. Although our preliminary study showed that the increased expression of Lewis y antigen decreased the expression of cell cycle inhibitor protein p27, the relevant mechanism remains unclear. Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system are two main ways of intracellular protein degradation, whose abnormal activities are closely associated with progression of malignant tumors. In our present study, we constructed two stable transfected cell lines with high expression of Lewis y antigen, named CAOV3-FUT1 and SKOV3-FUT1. We showed that the proportion of cells at S phase was significantly increased after FUT1 transfection, whereas p27 protein was obviously decreased. The autophagy activity, the levels of ubiquitination, and chymotrypsin-like protease activity were increased remarkably in the transfected cells. Interestingly, Lewis y antigen promoted the degradation of p27 by increasing ubiquitin-proteasome activity. In the vivo studies, Lewis y antigen improved the tumorigenic ability of ovarian cancer cells in nude mice and reduced the expression of p27. These findings suggested that Lewis y antigen activated both the autophagy and ubiquitin-proteasome activity and promoted the degradation of p27 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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Herrero Alvarez N, van de Langemheen H, Brouwer AJ, Liskamp RM. Potential peptidic proteasome inhibitors by incorporation of an electrophilic trap based on amino acid derived α-substituted sulfonyl fluorides. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5055-5063. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Ghanat Bari M, Ung CY, Zhang C, Zhu S, Li H. Machine Learning-Assisted Network Inference Approach to Identify a New Class of Genes that Coordinate the Functionality of Cancer Networks. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6993. [PMID: 28765560 PMCID: PMC5539301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates the existence of a new class of cancer genes that act as "signal linkers" coordinating oncogenic signals between mutated and differentially expressed genes. While frequently mutated oncogenes and differentially expressed genes, which we term Class I cancer genes, are readily detected by most analytical tools, the new class of cancer-related genes, i.e., Class II, escape detection because they are neither mutated nor differentially expressed. Given this hypothesis, we developed a Machine Learning-Assisted Network Inference (MALANI) algorithm, which assesses all genes regardless of expression or mutational status in the context of cancer etiology. We used 8807 expression arrays, corresponding to 9 cancer types, to build more than 2 × 108 Support Vector Machine (SVM) models for reconstructing a cancer network. We found that ~3% of ~19,000 not differentially expressed genes are Class II cancer gene candidates. Some Class II genes that we found, such as SLC19A1 and ATAD3B, have been recently reported to associate with cancer outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first study that utilizes both machine learning and network biology approaches to uncover Class II cancer genes in coordinating functionality in cancer networks and will illuminate our understanding of how genes are modulated in a tissue-specific network contribute to tumorigenesis and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Ghanat Bari
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Choong Yong Ung
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Shizhen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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22
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Ghosh C, Gupta N, More P, Sengupta P, Mallick A, Santra MK, Basu S. Engineering and In VitroEvaluation of Acid Labile Cholesterol Tethered MG132 Nanoparticle for Targeting Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Cancer. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandramouli Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008, Maharashtra India
| | - Neha Gupta
- Cancer and Epigenetics Lab; National Center for Cell Science (NCCS), Ganeshkhind; Pune 411007, Maharashtra India
| | - Piyush More
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008, Maharashtra India
| | - Poulomi Sengupta
- Physical Chemistry Division; CSIR National Chemical Laboratory; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR); Dr. Homi Bhaba Road Pune 411008, Maharashtra India
| | - Abhik Mallick
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008, Maharashtra India
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- Cancer and Epigenetics Lab; National Center for Cell Science (NCCS), Ganeshkhind; Pune 411007, Maharashtra India
| | - Sudipta Basu
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008, Maharashtra India
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Cecarini V, Bonfili L, Cuccioloni M, Mozzicafreddo M, Angeletti M, Keller JN, Eleuteri AM. The fine-tuning of proteolytic pathways in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3433-51. [PMID: 27120560 PMCID: PMC11108445 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several integrated proteolytic systems contribute to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis through the continuous removal of misfolded, aggregated or oxidized proteins and damaged organelles. Among these systems, the proteasome and autophagy play the major role in protein quality control, which is a fundamental issue in non-proliferative cells such as neurons. Disturbances in the functionality of these two pathways are frequently observed in neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease, and reflect the accumulation of protease-resistant, deleterious protein aggregates. In this review, we explored the sophisticated crosstalk between the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy in the removal of the harmful structures that characterize Alzheimer's disease neurons. We also dissected the role of the numerous shuttle factors and chaperones that, directly or indirectly interacting with ubiquitin and LC3, are used for cargo selection and delivery to one pathway or the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cecarini
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy.
| | - Laura Bonfili
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cuccioloni
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Matteo Mozzicafreddo
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Mauro Angeletti
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Jeffrey N Keller
- Pennington Biomedical Research Centre, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Anna Maria Eleuteri
- Department of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy
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Ramos-Vara JA, Miller MA. Immunohistochemical Detection of Protein Gene Product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) in Canine Epitheliotropic T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides). Vet Pathol 2016; 44:74-9. [PMID: 17197626 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-1-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), a ubiquitin COOH-terminal hydrolase initially considered specific for neural and neuroendocrine tissues, is expressed in a variety of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. During immunohistochemical evaluation of a cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides [MF]) in a dog, strong reactivity for PGP 9.5 was observed. This unexpected result prompted us to examine PGP 9.5 immunoreactivity in 13 additional cases of canine mycosis fungoides. All tumors were confirmed as T-cell epitheliotropic lymphoma by histopathology and immunohistochemistry for CD3. Eight of 14 cases were positive for PGP 9.5, with reactivity mainly in the cytoplasm and less commonly in the nucleus. One case had strong reactivity in the cell membrane, sometimes with concurrent paranuclear staining. Immunoreactivity did not correlate with location (epidermal, dermal, and adnexal) of tumor cells. Disease outcome did not vary between PGP 9.5-positive and negative tumors. Although PGP 9.5 immunoreactivity in MF did not predict tumor behavior in these dogs, it has had prognostic value in certain human carcinomas. This unexpected staining of lymphocytes in mycosis fungoides with an antibody to PGP 9.5 demonstrates its presence in nonneuroendocrine tumors and precludes its use as the sole diagnostic marker in discrete cell tumors in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Ramos-Vara
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Furfaro AL, Piras S, Domenicotti C, Fenoglio D, De Luigi A, Salmona M, Moretta L, Marinari UM, Pronzato MA, Traverso N, Nitti M. Role of Nrf2, HO-1 and GSH in Neuroblastoma Cell Resistance to Bortezomib. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152465. [PMID: 27023064 PMCID: PMC4811586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of Nrf2 has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in cancer cell resistance to different anticancer therapies. The inhibition of proteasome activity has been proposed as a chemosensitizing therapy but the activation of Nrf2 could reduce its efficacy. Using the highly chemoresistant neuroblastoma cells HTLA-230, here we show that the strong reduction in proteasome activity, obtained by using low concentration of bortezomib (BTZ, 2.5 nM), fails in reducing cell viability. BTZ treatment favours the binding of Nrf2 to the ARE sequences in the promoter regions of target genes such as heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), the modulatory subunit of γ-glutamylcysteine ligase (GCLM) and the transporter for cysteine (x-CT), enabling their transcription. GSH level is also increased after BTZ treatment. The up-regulation of Nrf2 target genes is responsible for cell resistance since HO-1 silencing and GSH depletion synergistically decrease BTZ-treated cell viability. Moreover, cell exposure to all-trans-Retinoic acid (ATRA, 3 μM) reduces the binding of Nrf2 to the ARE sequences, decreases HO-1 induction and lowers GSH level increasing the efficacy of bortezomib. These data suggest the role of Nrf2, HO-1 and GSH as molecular targets to improve the efficacy of low doses of bortezomib in the treatment of malignant neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. L. Furfaro
- Giannina Gaslini Institute, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - S. Piras
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - C. Domenicotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - D. Fenoglio
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - A. De Luigi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - M. Salmona
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milano, Italy
| | - L. Moretta
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Roma, Italy
| | - U. M. Marinari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - M. A. Pronzato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - N. Traverso
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - M. Nitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B. Alberti 2, 16132, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Hamouda MA, Belhacene N, Puissant A, Colosetti P, Robert G, Jacquel A, Mari B, Auberger P, Luciano F. The small heat shock protein B8 (HSPB8) confers resistance to bortezomib by promoting autophagic removal of misfolded proteins in multiple myeloma cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:6252-66. [PMID: 25051369 PMCID: PMC4171627 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Velcade is one of the inescapable drug to treat patient suffering from multiple myeloma (MM) and resistance to this drug represents a major drawback for patients. However, the mechanisms underlying velcade resistance remain incompletely understood. We derived several U266 MM cell clones that resist to velcade. U266-resistant cells were resistant to velcade-induced cell death but exhibited a similar sensitivity to various proapoptotic stimuli. Careful analysis of proteosomal subunits and proteasome enzymatic activities showed that neither the composition nor the activity of the proteasome was affected in velcade-resistant cells. Elimination of velcade-induced poly-ubiquitinated proteins and protein aggregates was drastically stimulated in the resistant cells and correlated with increased cell survival. Inhibition of the lysosomal activity in velcade-resistant cells resulted in an increase of cell aggregates and decrease survival, indicating that aggregates are eliminated through lysosomal degradation. In addition, pangenomic profiling of velcade-sensitive and resistant cells showed that the small heat shock protein HSPB8 was overexpressed in resistant cells. Finally, gain and loss of function experiment demonstrated that HSPB8 is a key factor for velcade resistance. In conclusion, HSPB8 plays an important role for the elimination of aggregates in velcade-resistant cells that contributes to their enhanced survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Hamouda
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 2, Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
| | - Nathalie Belhacene
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 2, Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
| | - Alexandre Puissant
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Pascal Colosetti
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 2, Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
| | - Guillaume Robert
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 2, Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
| | - Arnaud Jacquel
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 2, Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
| | - Bernard Mari
- UMR7275 CNRS-UNS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Valbonne, France
| | - Patrick Auberger
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 2, Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Frederic Luciano
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Team 2, Nice, France; Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer
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Vallumsetla N, Paludo J, Kapoor P. Bortezomib in mantle cell lymphoma: comparative therapeutic outcomes. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2015; 11:1663-74. [PMID: 26609233 PMCID: PMC4644179 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s72943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable, typically aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, accounting for 4%–7% of newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. Chemoresistance commonly ensues in MCL, and patients with this heterogeneous disease invariably relapse, underscoring the unmet need for better therapies. Over the past few years, several novel agents with promising activity and unique mechanisms of action have been deemed effective in MCL. Bortezomib is a reversible proteasome inhibitor, approved as a single agent for patients with relapsed/refractory MCL who have received at least one prior line of therapy. Addition of bortezomib to chemoimmunotherapies has demonstrated good tolerability and superior efficacy, both in the upfront and salvage settings, and recently one such combination of bortezomib plus rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone was approved as a frontline regimen in untreated patients with MCL. This review examines the role of bortezomib in a multitude of clinical settings and ongoing clinical trials designed to optimize its integration in the current treatment paradigms of MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishanth Vallumsetla
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Prashant Kapoor
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Ramatenki V, Potlapally SR, Dumpati RK, Vadija R, Vuruputuri U. Homology modeling and virtual screening of ubiquitin conjugation enzyme E2A for designing a novel selective antagonist against cancer. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 35:536-49. [PMID: 25316404 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2014.969375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major health problem in the world. The initiation and progression of cancer is due to imbalance between the programmed cell growth and death. These processes are triggered by the ubiquitin family enzymes. The ubiquitin-like proteins are responsible for the cell metabolism. Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis by the 26s proteasome plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression as well as in tumorigenesis. In the ubiquitin proteasomal degradation pathway, ubiquitin conjugation enzyme E2A (UBE2A) binds with ubiquitin ligase RAD18, results in polyubiquitation reaction and cell cycle progression. UBE2A is an important contributing factor for the control of tumorigenesis. In the present work, the 3D model of the protein UBE2A was generated by homology modeling technique. The generated 3D structure of the UBE2A was validated, and active site was identified using standard computational protocols. The active site was subjected to structure-based virtual screening using small molecule data banks, and new molecules were identified. The ADME properties of the new ligand molecules were predicted, and the new ligands are identified as potent UBE2A antagonists for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rajender Vadija
- a Department of Chemistry , University College of Science and
| | - Uma Vuruputuri
- a Department of Chemistry , University College of Science and
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29
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Xiong X, Wang Y, Liu C, Lu Q, Liu T, Chen G, Rao H, Luo S. Heat shock protein 90β stabilizes focal adhesion kinase and enhances cell migration and invasion in breast cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2014; 326:78-89. [PMID: 24880126 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) acts as a regulator of cellular signaling and may promote cell spreading, motility, invasion and survival in malignancy. Elevated expression and activity of FAK frequently correlate with tumor cell metastasis and poor prognosis in breast cancer. However, the mechanisms by which the turnover of FAK is regulated remain elusive. Here we report that heat shock protein 90β (HSP90β) interacts with FAK and the middle domain (amino acids 233-620) of HSP90β is mainly responsible for this interaction. Furthermore, we found that HSP90β regulates FAK stability since HSP90β inhibitor 17-AAG triggers FAK ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasome-dependent degradation. Moreover, disrupted FAK-HSP90β interaction induced by 17-AAG contributes to attenuation of tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion. Together, our results reveal how HSP90β regulates FAK stability and identifies a potential therapeutic strategy to breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Xiong
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Quqin Lu
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Guoan Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hai Rao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
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30
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Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is an important post-translational modification that regulates almost every aspect of cellular function and many cell signaling pathways in eukaryotes. Alterations of protein ubiquitination have been linked to many diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, immunological disorders and inflammatory diseases. To understand the roles of protein ubiquitination in these diseases and in cell signaling pathways, it is necessary to identify ubiquitinated proteins and their modification sites. However, owing to the nature of protein ubiquitination, it is challenging to identify the exact modification sites under physiological conditions. Recently, ubiquitin-remnant profiling, an immunoprecipitation approach, which uses monoclonal antibodies specifically to enrich for peptides derived from the ubiquitinated portion of proteins and mass spectrometry for their identification, was developed to determine ubiquitination events from cell lysates. This approach has now been widely applied to profile protein ubiquitination in several cellular contexts. In this review, we discuss mass-spectrometry-based methods for the identification of protein ubiquitination sites, analyze their advantages and disadvantages, and discuss their application for proteomic analysis of ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Xu
- a Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmacology , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University , Suzhou , China
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31
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de Araujo CB, Russo LC, Castro LM, Forti FL, do Monte ER, Rioli V, Gozzo FC, Colquhoun A, Ferro ES. A novel intracellular peptide derived from g1/s cyclin d2 induces cell death. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16711-26. [PMID: 24764300 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.537118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular peptides are constantly produced by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and many are probably functional. Here, the peptide WELVVLGKL (pep5) from G1/S-specific cyclin D2 showed a 2-fold increase during the S phase of HeLa cell cycle. pep5 (25-100 μm) induced cell death in several tumor cells only when it was fused to a cell-penetrating peptide (pep5-cpp), suggesting its intracellular function. In vivo, pep5-cpp reduced the volume of the rat C6 glioblastoma by almost 50%. The tryptophan at the N terminus of pep5 is essential for its cell death activity, and N terminus acetylation reduced the potency of pep5-cpp. WELVVL is the minimal active sequence of pep5, whereas Leu-Ala substitutions totally abolished pep5 cell death activity. Findings from the initial characterization of the cell death/signaling mechanism of pep5 include caspase 3/7 and 9 activation, inhibition of Akt2 phosphorylation, activation of p38α and -γ, and inhibition of proteasome activity. Further pharmacological analyses suggest that pep5 can trigger cell death by distinctive pathways, which can be blocked by IM-54 or a combination of necrostatin-1 and q-VD-OPh. These data further support the biological and pharmacological potential of intracellular peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lilian C Russo
- the Department of Biochemistry, Support Center for Research in Proteolysis and Cell Signaling (NAPPS), Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio L Forti
- the Department of Biochemistry, Support Center for Research in Proteolysis and Cell Signaling (NAPPS), Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Rioli
- the Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (LETA), Center of Toxins, Immune Response, and Cell Signaling (CETICS), Butantan Institute, 05503-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, and
| | - Fabio C Gozzo
- the Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alison Colquhoun
- Cell Biology and Development, Support Center for Research in Proteolysis and Cell Signaling (NAPPS), Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
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33
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Cui Z, Gilda JE, Gomes AV. Crude and purified proteasome activity assays are affected by type of microplate. Anal Biochem 2013; 446:44-52. [PMID: 24141075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of proteasome activity is fast becoming a commonly used assay in many laboratories. The most common method to measure proteasome activity involves measuring the release of fluorescent tags from peptide substrates in black microplates. Comparisons of black plates used for measuring fluorescence with different properties show that the microplate properties significantly affect the measured activities of the proteasome. The microplate that gave the highest reading of trypsin-like activity of the purified 20S proteasome gave the lowest reading of chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome. Plates with medium binding surfaces from two different companies showed an approximately 2-fold difference in caspase-like activity for purified 20S proteasomes. Even standard curves generated using free 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) were affected by the microplate used. As such, significantly different proteasome activities, as measured in nmol AMC released/mg/min, were obtained for purified 20S proteasomes as well as crude heart and liver samples when using different microplates. The naturally occurring molecule betulinic acid activated the chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity in three different plates but did not affect the proteasome activity in the nonbinding surface microplate. These findings suggest that the type of proteasome activity being measured and sample type are important when selecting a microplate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyou Cui
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jennifer E Gilda
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Darrasse-Jèze G, Podsypanina K. How numbers, nature, and immune status of foxp3(+) regulatory T-cells shape the early immunological events in tumor development. Front Immunol 2013; 4:292. [PMID: 24133490 PMCID: PMC3784046 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T-cells (Tregs) on cancer progression has been demonstrated in a large number of preclinical models and confirmed in several types of malignancies. Neoplastic processes trigger an increase of Treg numbers in draining lymph nodes, spleen, blood, and tumors, leading to the suppression of anti-tumor responses. Treg-depletion before or early in tumor development may lead to complete tumor eradication and extends survival of mice and humans. However this strategy is ineffective in established tumors, highlighting the critical role of the early Treg-tumor encounters. In this review, after discussing old and new concepts of immunological tumor tolerance, we focus on the nature (thymus-derived vs. peripherally derived) and status (naïve or activated/memory) of the regulatory T-cells at tumor emergence. The recent discoveries in this field suggest that the activation status of Tregs and effector T-cells (Teffs) at the first encounter with the tumor are essential to shape the fate and speed of the immune response across a variety of tumor models. The relative timing of activation/recruitment of anti-tumor cells vs. tolerogenic cells at tumor emergence appears to be crucial in the identification of tumor cells as friend or foe, which has broad implications for the design of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Darrasse-Jèze
- Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes , Paris , France ; Unité 1013, Institut National de la Santé et de le Recherche Médicale, Hôpital Necker , Paris , France ; Immunoregulation and Immunopathology Team, INEM , Paris , France
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N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein is a negative regulator of 28S proteasome through interaction with PA28β. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1630-7. [PMID: 23624078 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein (Naa10p) regulates various pathways associated with cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis and autophagy. However, its role in protein quality control is unknown. Here, we report that Naa10p is physically associated with proteasome activator 28β (PA28β). Naa10p also interacts with PA28α in a PA28β-dependent manner. Naa10p negatively regulates PA28-dependent chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity in cancer cells and in a cell-free system reconstituted with purified proteins, which is not related to 26S proteasome. Acetyltransferase activity of Naa10p is not required for its effect on chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity. Therefore, our data reveal that Naa10p suppresses 28S proteasome activity through interaction with PA28β.
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Yuan F, Lu J, You P, Yang Z, Yang P, Ma Q, Tao T. Proteomic profiling of expression of proteasomal subunits from livers of mice treated with diethylnitrosamine. Proteomics 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Yuan
- School of Life Sciences; Xiamen University; Xiamen; Fujian; P. R. China
| | - Jia Lu
- School of Life Sciences; Xiamen University; Xiamen; Fujian; P. R. China
| | - Pan You
- School of Life Sciences; Xiamen University; Xiamen; Fujian; P. R. China
| | - Zengming Yang
- School of Life Sciences; Xiamen University; Xiamen; Fujian; P. R. China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai; P. R. China
| | - Qiling Ma
- Department of Neurology; The First Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University; Xiamen; Fujian; China
| | - Tao Tao
- School of Life Sciences; Xiamen University; Xiamen; Fujian; P. R. China
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Wu XR, Sha JJ, Liu DM, Chen YH, Yang GL, Zhang J, Chen YY, Bo JJ, Huang YR. High expression of P53-induced Ring-h2 protein is associated with poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2012; 39:100-6. [PMID: 23102595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was carried out to examine P53-induced Ring-h2 protein (Pirh2) expression and investigate its clinical and prognostic significance in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). METHODS Pirh2 mRNA and protein expressions were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT PCR) and Western blotting in 35 frozen renal cancer tissue specimens and 35 adjacent normal renal tissue specimens of the same patients. Pirh2 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis in 92 paraffin-embedded specimens of human ccRCC and 30 specimens of adjacent normal renal tissue. Correlations between Pirh2 and clinicopathologic features and prognosis were analyzed statistically. RESULTS Pirh2 mRNA and protein levels in ccRCC samples were increased significantly as compared with the adjacent normal renal tissues (P < 0.001). Pirh2 mRNA overexpression correlated with high stage and grade of the renal cancer (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively). Pirh2 protein expression was negative in most normal renal tissue specimens (23/30) but positive in 52.2% (48/92) of ccRCC specimens (P = 0.006). Pirh2 protein expression correlated with tumor grade and stage (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively). The median follow-up interval was 42.0 months. Overexpression of Pirh2 protein in ccRCC was significantly associated with shorter overall survival and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that Pirh2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC patients (P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Pirh2 was up-regulated in ccRCC at both transcriptional and translational levels compared with normal renal tissues, suggesting that Pirh2 may be a potential prognostic marker for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Wu
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200001, China
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Maynadier M, Shi J, Vaillant O, Gary-Bobo M, Basile I, Gleizes M, Cathiard AM, Wah JLT, Sheikh MS, Garcia M. Roles of estrogen receptor and p21(Waf1) in bortezomib-induced growth inhibition in human breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res 2012; 10:1473-81. [PMID: 22964432 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-12-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib constitute novel therapeutic agents that are currently in clinical use and in clinical trials. In some neoplasms, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) such as p21(WAF1) have been proposed as key targets of proteasome inhibitors. p21(WAF1) expression can be modulated by p53, a tumor suppressor, and especially in breast cancer cells, by estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), which is highly relevant to cancer growth. We investigated the effects of bortezomib using a panel of six cancer cell lines with variable status of ERα or p53 and found that bortezomib inhibited the growth of all cell lines in the same concentration range irrespective of the ERα expression or the mutational status of p53. Bortezomib treatment significantly enhanced p21(WAF1) protein levels in all cell lines but with different mechanisms according to ERα status. In ERα-positive cells, bortezomib treatment caused a strong increase in p21(WAF1) mRNA, whereas in ERα-negative cells it predominantly enhanced p21(WAF1) protein levels suggesting a posttranslational mechanism of p21(WAF1) regulation in the ERα-negative cells. Moreover, the antiproliferative activity of bortezomib was prevented by ERα silencing or p21(WAF1) knockdown in ERα-positive cells. Collectively, our results highlight the potential roles of ERα and p21(WAF1) in growth inhibition of cancer cells mediated by proteasome inhibitors, such as bortezomib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Maynadier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
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A Systematic Phenotypic Screen of F-box Genes Through a Tissue-specific RNAi-based Approach in Drosophila. J Genet Genomics 2012; 39:397-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Pandiri AR, Sills RC, Ziglioli V, Ton TVT, Hong HHL, Lahousse SA, Gerrish KE, Auerbach SS, Shockley KR, Bushel PR, Peddada SD, Hoenerhoff MJ. Differential transcriptomic analysis of spontaneous lung tumors in B6C3F1 mice: comparison to human non-small cell lung cancer. Toxicol Pathol 2012; 40:1141-59. [PMID: 22688403 DOI: 10.1177/0192623312447543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in people and is mainly due to environmental factors such as smoking and radon. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) tests various chemicals and mixtures for their carcinogenic hazard potential. In the NTP chronic bioassay using B6C3F1 mice, the incidence of lung tumors in treated and control animals is second only to the liver tumors. In order to study the molecular mechanisms of chemically induced lung tumors, an understanding of the genetic changes that occur in spontaneous lung (SL) tumors from untreated control animals is needed. The authors have evaluated the differential transcriptomic changes within SL tumors compared to normal lungs from untreated age-matched animals. Within SL tumors, several canonical pathways associated with cancer (eukaryotic initiation factor 2 signaling, RhoA signaling, PTEN signaling, and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling), metabolism (Inositol phosphate metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and purine and pyramidine metabolism), and immune responses (FcγR-mediated phagocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, interleukin 8 signaling, and CXCR4 signaling) were altered. Meta-analysis of murine SL tumors and human non-small cell lung cancer transcriptomic data sets revealed a high concordance. These data provide important information on the differential transcriptomic changes in murine SL tumors that will be critical to our understanding of chemically induced lung tumors and will aid in hazard analysis in the NTP 2-year carcinogenicity bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun R Pandiri
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Toxicology Program-NTP, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
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von Zeska Kress MR, Harting R, Bayram Ö, Christmann M, Irmer H, Valerius O, Schinke J, Goldman GH, Braus GH. The COP9 signalosome counteracts the accumulation of cullin SCF ubiquitin E3 RING ligases during fungal development. Mol Microbiol 2012; 83:1162-77. [PMID: 22329854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.07999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Defects in the COP9 signalosome (CSN) impair multicellular development, including embryonic plant or animal death or a block in sexual development of the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. CSN deneddylates cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), which are activated by covalent linkage to ubiquitin-like NEDD8. Deneddylation allows CRL disassembly for subsequent reassembly. An attractive hypothesis is a consecutive order of CRLs for development, which demands repeated cycles of neddylation and deneddylation for reassembling CRLs. Interruption of these cycles could explain developmental blocks caused by csn mutations. This predicts an accumulation of neddylated CRLs exhibiting developmental functions when CSN is dysfunctional. We tested this hypothesis in A. nidulans, which tolerates reduced levels of neddylation for growth. We show that only genes for CRL subunits or neddylation are essential, whereas CSN is primarily required for development. We used functional tagged NEDD8, recruiting all three fungal cullins. Cullins are associated with the CSN1/CsnA subunit when deneddylation is defective. Two CRLs were identified which are specifically involved in differentiation and accumulate during the developmental block. This suggests that an active CSN complex is required to counteract the accumulation of specific CRLs during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Abstract
Sequestosome 1/p62 is a signal modulator or adaptor protein involved in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Sequestosome 1/p62 is gaining attention as it is involved in several diseases including Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, liver and breast cancer, Paget's disease of bone, obesity and insulin resistance. In this review, we will focus on the most recent advances on the physiological function of p62 relevant to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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Frankland-Searby S, Bhaumik SR. The 26S proteasome complex: an attractive target for cancer therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2012; 1825:64-76. [PMID: 22037302 PMCID: PMC3242858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The 26S proteasome complex engages in an ATP-dependent proteolytic degradation of a variety of oncoproteins, transcription factors, cell cycle specific cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, ornithine decarboxylase, and other key regulatory cellular proteins. Thus, the proteasome regulates either directly or indirectly many important cellular processes. Altered regulation of these cellular events is linked to the development of cancer. Therefore, the proteasome has become an attractive target for the treatment of numerous cancers. Several proteasome inhibitors that target the proteolytic active sites of the 26S proteasome complex have been developed and tested for anti-tumor activities. These proteasome inhibitors have displayed impressive anti-tumor functions by inducing apoptosis in different tumor types. Further, the proteasome inhibitors have been shown to induce cell cycle arrest, and inhibit angiogenesis, cell-cell adhesion, cell migration, immune and inflammatory responses, and DNA repair response. A number of proteasome inhibitors are now in clinical trials to treat multiple myeloma and solid tumors. Many other proteasome inhibitors with different efficiencies are being developed and tested for anti-tumor activities. Several proteasome inhibitors currently in clinical trials have shown significantly improved anti-tumor activities when combined with other drugs such as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, Akt (protein kinase B) inhibitors, DNA damaging agents, Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) inhibitors, and lenalidomide. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is now in the clinic to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. Here, we discuss the 26S proteasome complex in carcinogenesis and different proteasome inhibitors with their potential therapeutic applications in treatment of numerous cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Frankland-Searby
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Sukesh R. Bhaumik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
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Jones MD, Liu JC, Barthel TK, Hussain S, Lovria E, Cheng D, Schoonmaker JA, Mulay S, Ayers DC, Bouxsein ML, Stein GS, Mukherjee S, Lian JB. A proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, inhibits breast cancer growth and reduces osteolysis by downregulating metastatic genes. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:4978-89. [PMID: 20843837 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer (BrCa) exceeds 70%. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor used for the treatment of multiple myeloma, also promotes bone formation. We tested the hypothesis that proteasome inhibitors can ameliorate BrCa osteolytic disease. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To address the potentially beneficial effect of bortezomib in reducing tumor growth in the skeleton and counteracting bone osteolysis, human MDA-MB-231 BrCa cells were injected into the tibia of mice to model bone tumor growth for in vivo assessment of treatment regimens before and after tumor growth. RESULTS Controls exhibited tumor growth, destroying trabecular and cortical bone and invading muscle. Bortezomib treatment initiated following inoculation of tumor cells strikingly reduced tumor growth, restricted tumor cells mainly to the marrow cavity, and almost completely inhibited osteolysis in the bone microenvironment over a 3- to 4-week period as shown by [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, micro-computed tomography scanning, radiography, and histology. Thus, proteasome inhibition is effective in killing tumor cells within the bone. Pretreatment with bortezomib for 3 weeks before inoculation of tumor cells was also effective in reducing osteolysis. Our in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that mechanisms by which bortezomib inhibits tumor growth and reduces osteolysis result from inhibited cell proliferation, necrosis, and decreased expression of factors that promote BrCa tumor progression in bone. CONCLUSION These findings provide a basis for a novel strategy to treat patients with BrCa osteolytic lesions, and represent an approach for protecting the entire skeleton from metastatic bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci D Jones
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
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Tian ZH, Li ZF, Zhou SB, Liang YY, He DC, Wang DS. Differentially expressed proteins of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells affected by Zilongjin, a complementary Chinese herbal medicine. Proteomics Clin Appl 2010; 4:550-9. [PMID: 21137072 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Zilongjin, a complementary Chinese herbal medicine, has been used to alleviate the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer therapy. However, the mechanisms of anti-cancer activity of Zilongjin are still largely unkonwn. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN First, the proteomic approach of combined 2-DE and ESI-MS/MS was used to investigate the effect of Zilongjin on the protein expression in MCF-7 cells. Then, the differential expression of some proteins was confirmed by Western blot, cytoimmunofluoresecnce, and quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS The identified proteins with differential expression, involved in such events as protein translation, cellular signal transduction, cytoskeleton formation and transportation, include seven downregulating proteins, such as Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I, Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A Y-chromosomal, Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein, Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N, Tropomodulin-3, Macrophage-capping protein, and Tumor protein D52, as well as two upregulating proteins, HSP β-1 and keratin18. Moreover, the differential expression of three proteins was confirmed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE (i) These results provide a new insight into the molecular mechanisms of Zilongjin on therapy for breast cancer. (ii) The application of the proteomic approaches will result in the more extended appreciation of Chinese medicine than those known at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, PR China
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Zhang X, Frezza M, Milacic V, Ronconi L, Fan Y, Bi C, Fregona D, Dou QP. Inhibition of tumor proteasome activity by gold-dithiocarbamato complexes via both redox-dependent and -independent processes. J Cell Biochem 2010; 109:162-172. [PMID: 19911377 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported on a gold(III) complex, namely [AuBr(2)(DMDT)] (N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate) showing potent in vitro and in vivo growth inhibitory activities toward human cancer cells and identifying the cellular proteasome as one of the major targets. However, the importance of the oxidation state of the gold center and the involved mechanism of action has yet to be established. Here we show that both gold(III)- and gold(I)-dithiocarbamato species, namely [AuBr(2)(ESDT)] (AUL12) and [Au(ESDT)](2) (AUL15), could inhibit the chymotrypsin-like activity of purified 20S proteasome and 26S proteasome in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, resulting in accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and proteasome target proteins, and induction of cell death, but at significantly different levels. Gold(I)- and gold(III)-compound-mediated proteasome inhibition and cell death induction were completely reversed by the addition of a reducing agent, dithiothreitol or N-acetyl-L-cysteine, suggesting the involvement of redox processes. Furthermore, treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with gold(III) compound (AUL12), but not the gold(I) analog (AUL15), resulted in the production of significant levels of reactive oxygen species. Our study provides strong evidence that the cellular proteasome is an important target of both gold(I) and gold(III)-dithiocarbamates, but distinct cellular mechanisms of action are responsible for their different overall effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- The Prevention Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael Frezza
- The Prevention Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Vesna Milacic
- The Prevention Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Luca Ronconi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Yuhua Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Caifeng Bi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Dolores Fregona
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Q Ping Dou
- The Prevention Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Vlashi E, Mattes M, Lagadec C, Donna LD, Phillips TM, Nikolay P, McBride WH, Pajonk F. Differential Effects of the Proteasome Inhibitor NPI-0052 against Glioma Cells. Transl Oncol 2010; 3:50-5. [PMID: 20165695 PMCID: PMC2822455 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.09244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors are emerging as a new class of cancer therapeutics, and bortezomib has shown promise in the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. However, bortezomib has failed to have an effect in preclinical models of glioma. NPI-0052 is a new generation of proteasome inhibitors with increased potency and strong inhibition of all three catalytic activities of the 26S proteasome. In this article, we test the antitumor efficacy of NPI-0052 against glioma, as a single agent and in combination with temozolomide and radiation using five different glioma lines. The intrinsic radiation sensitivities differed for all the lines and correlated with their PTEN expression status. In vitro, NPI-0052 showed a dose-dependent toxicity, and its combination with temozolomide resulted in radiosensitization of only the cell lines with a mutated p53. The effect of NPI-0052 as a single agent on glioma xenografts in vivo was only modest in controlling tumor growth, and it failed to radiosensitize the glioma xenografts to fractionated radiation. We conclude that NPI-0052 is not a suitable drug for the treatment of malignant gliomas despite its efficacy in other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Malcom Mattes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chann Lagadec
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lorenza Della Donna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tiffany M Phillips
- UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Intellectual and Developmental Disability Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Polin Nikolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William H McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank Pajonk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Seliger B, Handke D, Schabel E, Bukur J, Lichtenfels R, Dammann R. Epigenetic control of the ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase 1 in renal cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2009; 7:90. [PMID: 19857250 PMCID: PMC2775027 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-7-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) gene involved in the regulation of cellular ubiquitin levels plays an important role in different cellular processes including cell growth and differentiation. Aberrant expression of UCHL1 has been found in a number of human solid tumors including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In RCC, UCHL1 overexpression is associated with tumor progression and an altered von Hippel Lindau gene expression. Methods To determine the underlying mechanisms for the heterogeneous UCHL1 expression pattern in RCC the UCHL1 promoter DNA methylation status was determined in 17 RCC cell lines as well as in 32 RCC lesions and corresponding tumor adjacent kidney epithelium using combined bisulfite restriction analysis as well as bisulfite DNA sequencing. Results UCHL1 expression was found in all 32 tumor adjacent kidney epithelium samples. However, the lack of or reduced UCHL1 mRNA and/or protein expression was detected in 13/32 RCC biopsies and 7/17 RCC cell lines and due to either a total or partial methylation of the UCHL1 promoter DNA. Upon 2'-deoxy-5-azacytidine treatment an induction of UCHL1 mRNA and protein expression was found in 9/17 RCC cell lines, which was linked to the demethylation degree of the UCHL1 promoter DNA. Conclusion Promoter hypermethylation represents a mechanism for the silencing of the UCHL1 gene expression in RCC and supports the concept of an epigenetic control for the expression of UCHL1 during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Seliger
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Medical Immunology, Halle, Germany.
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Mastoraki A, Ioannidis E, Patsouris E, Safioleas M, Aroni K. PGP 9.5 expression in cutaneous keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Arch Dermatol Res 2009; 301:653-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-009-0962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Assembly of the 34-subunit, 2.5 MDa 26S proteasome is a carefully choreographed intricate process. It starts with formation of a seven-membered α-ring that serves as a template for assembly of the complementary β-ring-forming ‘half-proteasomes’. Dimerization results in a latent 20S core particle that can serve further as a platform for 19S regulatory particle attachment and formation of the biologically active 26S proteasome for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. Both general and dedicated proteasome assembly chaperones regulate the efficiency and outcome of critical steps in proteasome biogenesis, and in complex association.
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