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Arjani S, Saint-Maurice PF, Julián-Serrano S, Eibl G, Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Body Mass Index Trajectories Across the Adult Life Course and Pancreatic Cancer Risk. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2022; 6:6762867. [PMID: 36255251 PMCID: PMC9651977 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkac066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) during adulthood has been associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), however, patterns of body size across the adult life course have not been studied extensively. We comprehensively evaluated the association between adiposity across adulthood and PDAC. METHODS We conducted a prospective analysis of 269 480 (162 735 males, 106 745 females) National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study participants, aged 50-71 years (1995-1996) who self-reported height and weight history. Participants were followed through December 31, 2011. We examined associations between BMI (kg/m2) at ages 18, 35, 50, and 50-71 (baseline) years, their trajectories determined from latent-class trajectory modeling, and incident PDAC. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate multivariable adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS During up to 15.2 years of follow-up, 3092 (2020 males, 1072 females) patients with incident PDAC were identified. BMI at all 4 ages were statistically significantly associated with increased PDAC (per 5-unit increase, HR = 1.09-1.13) with higher magnitude associations in males than females at ages 35 years and older (Pinteraction < .05). Four BMI trajectories were created. Compared with normal-weight maintainers, normal-to-overweight, normal-to-obese class I, and overweight-to-obese class III trajectories had hazard ratios of 1.15 (95% CI = 1.06 to 1.25), 1.39 (95% CI = 1.25 to 1.54), and 1.48 (95% CI = 1.18 to 1.87), respectively (Pinteraction by sex = .07). CONCLUSIONS High BMI and BMI trajectories that result in overweight or obesity during adulthood were positively associated with PDAC, with stronger associations among those with early onset adiposity and those with male sex. Avoidance of excess body weight throughout the adult life course may prevent PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Arjani
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA,Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pedro F Saint-Maurice
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sachelly Julián-Serrano
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA,Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Guido Eibl
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Correspondence to: Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon, RD, MPH, PhD, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, 9609 Medical Center Drive, NCI Shady Grove, Room 6E420, Rockville, MD 20850, USA (e-mail: )
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Kumar S, Santos RJ, McGuigan AJ, Singh U, Johnson P, Kunzmann AT, Turkington RC. The Role of Circulating Protein and Metabolite Biomarkers in the Development of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1090-1102. [PMID: 34810209 PMCID: PMC9377754 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, and this is attributed to it being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Understanding the pathways involved in initial development may improve early detection strategies. This systematic review assessed the association between circulating protein and metabolite biomarkers and PDAC development. METHODS A literature search until August 2020 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science was performed. Studies were included if they assessed circulating blood, urine, or salivary biomarkers and their association with PDAC risk. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cohort studies. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate pooled relative risk. RESULTS A total of 65 studies were included. Higher levels of glucose were found to be positively associated with risk of developing PDAC [n = 4 studies; pooled relative risk (RR): 1.61; 95% CI: 1.16-2.22]. Additionally, an inverse association was seen with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) levels (n = 4 studies; RR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.44-0.87). Meta-analyses showed no association between levels of C-peptide, members of the insulin growth factor signaling pathway, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and folate/homocysteine and PDAC risk. Four individual studies also reported a suggestive positive association of branched-chain amino acids with PDAC risk, but due to differences in measures reported, a meta-analysis could not be performed. CONCLUSIONS Our pooled analysis demonstrates that higher serum glucose levels and lower levels of PLP are associated with risk of PDAC. IMPACT Glucose and PLP levels are associated with PDAC risk. More prospective studies are required to identify biomarkers for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Kumar
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph J. Santos
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. McGuigan
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Urvashi Singh
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Johnson
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T. Kunzmann
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C. Turkington
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Pekarek L, Fraile-Martinez O, Garcia-Montero C, Saez MA, Barquero-Pozanco I, del Hierro-Marlasca L, de Castro Martinez P, Romero-Bazán A, Alvarez-Mon MA, Monserrat J, García-Honduvilla N, Buján J, Alvarez-Mon M, Guijarro LG, Ortega MA. Clinical Applications of Classical and Novel Biological Markers of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081866. [PMID: 35454771 PMCID: PMC9029823 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma have increased in recent years. Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer death, but it is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2040. Most patients are diagnosed in an advanced stage of the disease, with very limited 5-year survival. The discovery of different tissue markers has elucidated the underlying pathophysiology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and allowed stratification of patient risk at different stages and assessment of tumour recurrence. Due to the invasive capacity of this tumour and the absence of screening markers, new immunohistochemical and serological markers may be used as prognostic markers for recurrence and in the study of possible new therapeutic targets because the survival of these patients is low in most cases. The present article reviews the currently used main histopathological and serological markers and discusses the main characteristics of markers under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Oncology Service, Guadalajara University Hospital, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (O.F.-M.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel A. Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Ines Barquero-Pozanco
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Laura del Hierro-Marlasca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Patricia de Castro Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Adoración Romero-Bazán
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Miguel A. Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Correspondence: (O.F.-M.); (M.A.O.)
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Luo Y, Li X, Ma J, Abbruzzese JL, Lu W. Pancreatic Tumorigenesis: Oncogenic KRAS and the Vulnerability of the Pancreas to Obesity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040778. [PMID: 33668583 PMCID: PMC7918840 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with a poor survival rate, and oncogenic mutant KRAS is a major driver of its initiation and progression; however, effective strategies/drugs targeting major forms of mutant KRAS have not been forthcoming. Of note, obesity is known to worsen mutant KRAS-mediated pathologies, leading to PDAC with high penetrance; however, the mechanistic link between obesity and pancreatic cancer remains elusive. The recent discovery of FGF21 as an anti-obesity and anti-inflammation factor and as a downstream target of KRAS has shed new light on the problem. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies and KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog) mutations have been considered a critical driver of PDAC initiation and progression. However, the effects of mutant KRAS alone do not recapitulate the full spectrum of pancreatic pathologies associated with PDAC development in adults. Historically, mutant KRAS was regarded as constitutively active; however, recent studies have shown that endogenous levels of mutant KRAS are not constitutively fully active and its activity is still subject to up-regulation by upstream stimuli. Obesity is a metabolic disease that induces a chronic, low-grade inflammation called meta-inflammation and has long been recognized clinically as a major modifiable risk factor for pancreatic cancer. It has been shown in different animal models that obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) and pancreatic inflammation promote the rapid development of mutant KRAS-mediated PDAC with high penetrance. However, it is not clear why the pancreas with endogenous levels of mutant KRAS is vulnerable to chronic HFD and inflammatory challenges. Recently, the discovery of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) as a novel anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory factor and as a downstream target of mutant KRAS has shed new light on this problem. This review is intended to provide an update on our knowledge of the vulnerability of the pancreas to KRAS-mediated invasive PDAC in the context of challenges engendered by obesity and associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongde Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China;
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Xiaokun Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Jianjia Ma
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - James L. Abbruzzese
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Weiqin Lu
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (W.L.)
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Kundranda M, Gracian AC, Zafar SF, Meiri E, Bendell J, Algül H, Rivera F, Ahn ER, Watkins D, Pelzer U, Charu V, Zalutskaya A, Kuesters G, Pipas JM, Santillana S, Askoxylakis V, Ko AH. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of istiratumab (MM-141) plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine versus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine in front-line metastatic pancreatic cancer (CARRIE). Ann Oncol 2021; 31:79-87. [PMID: 31912800 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical data suggest that dual blockade of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and HER3 pathways has superior activity to IGF-1R blockade alone in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We tested whether istiratumab, an IGF-1R- and ErbB3-bispecific antibody, can enhance the efficacy of standard of care (SOC) chemotherapy in patients with metastatic PDAC selected for high IGF-1 serum levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS CARRIE was an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study for patients with previously untreated metastatic PDAC. In part 1, 10 patients were evaluated for pharmacokinetics and safety. In part 2, patients with high free serum IGF-1 levels were randomized 1 : 1 to receive either istiratumab [2.8 g intravenously (i.v.) every 2 weeks] or placebo combined with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel at approved dose schedule. The co-primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with high IGF-1 levels and PFS in patients with both high serum IGF-1 levels and heregulin (HRG)+ tumors. Key secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v.1.1, and adverse events (AEs) rate. RESULTS A total of 317 patients were screened, with 88 patients randomized in part 2 (experimental arm n = 43; control n = 45). In the high IGF-1 cohort, median PFS was 3.6 and 7.3 months in the experimental versus control arms, respectively [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.88, P = 0.027]. In the high IGF-1/HRG+ subgroup (n = 44), median PFS was 4.1 and 7.3 months, respectively (HR = 1.39, P = 0.42). Median OS and ORR for the overall population were similar between two arms. No significant difference in serious or grade ≥3 AEs was observed, although low-grade AEs leading to early discontinuation were higher in the experimental (39.5%) versus control arm (24.4%). CONCLUSIONS Istiratumab failed to improve the efficacy of SOC chemotherapy in this patient setting. High serum IGF-1 levels did not appear to be an adverse prognostic factor when compared with non-biomarker-selected historic controls. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02399137; EUDRA CT: 2014-004572-34.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kundranda
- Medical Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, USA
| | - A C Gracian
- Medical Oncology, Centro Integral Oncologico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Clínicas, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - S F Zafar
- Hematology and Oncology, Florida Cancer Specialists, Fort Myers, USA
| | - E Meiri
- Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Care and Research Center, Atlanta, USA
| | - J Bendell
- GI Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, USA
| | - H Algül
- TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Medizinische Klinik II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Rivera
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - E R Ahn
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Treatment Centers of America Chicago, Zion, USA
| | - D Watkins
- Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | - U Pelzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - V Charu
- Hematology/Oncology, Pacific Cancer Medical Center, Anaheim, USA
| | - A Zalutskaya
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - G Kuesters
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - J M Pipas
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - S Santillana
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - V Askoxylakis
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - A H Ko
- Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA.
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Gulick CN, Peddie MC, Cameron C, Bradbury K, Rehrer NJ. Physical activity, dietary protein and insulin-like growth factor 1: Cross-sectional analysis utilising UK Biobank. Growth Horm IGF Res 2020; 55:101353. [PMID: 33002777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2020.101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) is an anabolic hormone that stimulates cell growth and division. The effects of IGF-1 may be beneficial (muscle growth/repair) or detrimental (increased risk of several types of cancer and mortality) for health. Dietary protein and physical activity are thought to be factors that modulate IGF-1. OBJECTIVE This study analysed the relationships dietary protein vs IGF-1 and physical activity vs IGF-1 independently with a large sample size, and determined if/how physical activity affected the association between dietary protein and IGF-1 in healthy adults. METHODS Regression models were used to assess the association between dietary protein and/or physical activity on serum IGF-1 in a cross-sectional sample of 60,677 healthy adults that were enrolled in the UK Biobank project. RESULTS Dietary protein was positively associated with IGF-1 (0.030 nmol/L;95%CI 0.027-0.033;p < 0.001). Individuals undertaking 10-50 excess MET h/week of physical activity had 0.129 nmol/L greater IGF-1 than participants completing less than 10 excess MET h/week (95%CI 0.028-0.230). The "high" category of physical activity (>50 excess MET h/week) was not correlated with IGF-1 (-0.055 nmol/L;95%CI -0.185-0.076). When dietary protein and physical activity were included in the same model, physical activity did not change the relationship between dietary protein and IGF-1, nor visa-versa. CONCLUSIONS The positive association between dietary protein and IGF-1 was not influenced by physical activity. The former association was stronger than the latter. Thus, when seeking to adjust IGF-1 for possible health concerns, regulating dietary protein may be more pertinent than physical activity as a primary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Gulick
- School of Physical Education, Sport & Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - M C Peddie
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - C Cameron
- Department of Centre for Biostatistics, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - K Bradbury
- National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland, 22 Park Ave, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - N J Rehrer
- School of Physical Education, Sport & Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Dey S, Liu S, Factora TD, Taleb S, Riverahernandez P, Udari L, Zhong X, Wan J, Kota J. Global targetome analysis reveals critical role of miR-29a in pancreatic stellate cell mediated regulation of PDAC tumor microenvironment. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:651. [PMID: 32660466 PMCID: PMC7359459 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive forms of malignancies with a nearly equal incidence and mortality rates in patients. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are critical players in PDAC microenvironment to promote the aggressiveness and pathogenesis of the disease. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play a significant role in progression of PDAC. Earlier, we observed a PSC-specific downregulation of miR-29a in PDAC pancreas, however, the mechanism of action of the molecule in PSCs is still to be elucidated. The current study aims to clarify the regulation of miR-29a in PSCs and identifies functionally important downstream targets that contribute to tumorigenic activities during PDAC progression. METHODS In this study, using RNAseq approach, we performed transcriptome analysis of paired miR-29a overexpressing and control human PSCs (hPSCs). Enrichment analysis was performed with the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). miR-29a targets in the dataset were identified, which were utilized to create network interactions. Western blots were performed with the top miR-29a candidate targets in hPSCs transfected with miR-29a mimic or scramble control. RESULTS RNAseq analysis identified 202 differentially expressed genes, which included 19 downregulated direct miR-29a targets. Translational repression of eight key pro-tumorigenic and -fibrotic targets namely IGF-1, COL5A3, CLDN1, E2F7, MYBL2, ITGA6 and ADAMTS2 by miR-29a was observed in PSCs. Using pathway analysis, we find that miR-29a modulates effectors of IGF-1-p53 signaling in PSCs that may hinder carcinogenesis. We further observe a regulatory role of the molecule in pathways associated with PDAC ECM remodeling and tumor-stromal crosstalk, such as INS/IGF-1, RAS/MAPK, laminin interactions and collagen biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Together, our study presents a comprehensive understanding of miR-29a regulation of PSCs, and identifies essential pathways associated with PSC-mediated PDAC pathogenesis. The findings suggest an anti-tumorigenic role of miR-29a in the context of PSC-cancer cell crosstalk and advocates for the potential of the molecule in PDAC targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatovisha Dey
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tricia D Factora
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Solaema Taleb
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Primavera Riverahernandez
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lata Udari
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Janaiah Kota
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- The Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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8
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The Role of Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue in Pancreatic Cancer: A Molecular Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071849. [PMID: 32659999 PMCID: PMC7408631 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal malignancy with rising incidence and limited therapeutic options. Obesity is a well-established risk factor for PC development. Moreover, it negatively affects outcome in PC patients. Excessive fat accumulation in obese, over- and normal-weight individuals induces metabolic and inflammatory changes of adipose tissue microenvironment leading to a dysfunctional adipose “organ”. This may drive the association between abnormal fat accumulation and pancreatic cancer. In this review, we describe several molecular mechanisms that underpin this association at both local and systemic levels. We focus on the role of adipose tissue-derived circulating factors including adipokines, hormones and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as on the impact of the local adipose tissue in promoting PC. A discussion on potential therapeutic interventions, interfering with pro-tumorigenic effects of dysfunctional adipose tissue in PC, is included. Considering the raise of global obesity, research efforts to uncover the molecular basis of the relationship between pancreatic cancer and adipose tissue dysfunction may provide novel insights for the prevention of this deadly disease. In addition, these efforts may uncover novel targets for personalized interventional strategies aimed at improving the currently unsatisfactory PC therapeutic options.
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9
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Lupo F, Piro G, Torroni L, Delfino P, Trovato R, Rusev B, Fiore A, Filippini D, De Sanctis F, Manfredi M, Marengo E, Lawlor RT, Martini M, Tortora G, Ugel S, Corbo V, Melisi D, Carbone C. Organoid-Transplant Model Systems to Study the Effects of Obesity on the Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:308. [PMID: 32411709 PMCID: PMC7198708 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality among adults in developed countries. The discovery of the most common genetic alterations as well as the development of organoid models of pancreatic cancer have provided insight into the fundamental pathways driving tumor progression from a normal cell to non-invasive precursor lesion and finally to widely metastatic disease, offering new opportunities for identifying the key driver of cancer evolution. Obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Several epidemiological studies have shown the positive association between obesity and cancer-related morbidity/mortality, as well as poorer prognosis and treatment outcome. Despite strong evidence indicates a link between obesity and cancer incidence, the molecular basis of the initiating events remains largely elusive. This is mainly due to the lack of an accurate and reliable model of pancreatic carcinogenesis that mimics human obesity-associated PDAC, making data interpretation difficult and often confusing. Here we propose a feasible and manageable organoid-based preclinical tool to study the effects of obesity on pancreatic carcinogenesis. Therefore, we tracked the effects of obesity on the natural evolution of PDAC in a genetically defined transplantable model of the syngeneic murine pancreatic preneoplastic lesion (mP) and tumor (mT) derived-organoids that recapitulates the progression of human disease from early preinvasive lesions to metastatic disease. Our results suggest that organoid-derived transplant in obese mice represents a suitable system to study early steps of pancreatic carcinogenesis and supports the hypothesis that inflammation induced by obesity stimulates tumor progression and metastatization during pancreatic carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lupo
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Torroni
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Trovato
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Borislav Rusev
- ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Dea Filippini
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco De Sanctis
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Emilio Marengo
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Martini
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Section of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Melisi
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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10
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Barreto SG, Michael MZ, Keating DJ. Islets and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma - An opportunity for translational research from the 'Bench to the Bedside'. Pancreatology 2020; 20:385-390. [PMID: 32057682 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The islet-acinar axis is of prime importance to the optimal functioning of the human pancreas. Not only is this inter-relationship important for normal physiological processes, it is also relevant in diseased states, including chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Early experiments, nearly 4 decades ago, explored the role of islets in the development and progression of PDAC. These led to further studies that provided compelling evidence to support the role of islets and their hormones in PDAC. This association presents oncologists with therapeutic options not only for managing, but potentially preventing PDAC, a cancer that is well known for its poor patient outcomes. This review will discuss the accumulated evidence regarding the role of islets and their hormones in PDAC and highlight areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savio G Barreto
- Division of Surgery and Perioperative Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Michael Z Michael
- Division of Surgery and Perioperative Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Damien J Keating
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
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11
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Sakata J, Hirosue A, Yoshida R, Matsuoka Y, Kawahara K, Arita H, Nakashima H, Yamamoto T, Nagata M, Kawaguchi S, Gohara S, Nagao Y, Yamana K, Toya R, Murakami R, Kuwahara Y, Fukumoto M, Nakayama H. Enhanced Expression of IGFBP-3 Reduces Radiosensitivity and Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020494. [PMID: 32093285 PMCID: PMC7072421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) modulates various cell functions through IGF-dependent or independent mechanisms. However, its biological roles in the radiosensitivity of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical significance and molecular mechanisms of the association between IGFBP-3 and OSCC radiosensitivity. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of IGFBP-3 in 52 OSCC specimens from patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgery (phase II study). Associations between IGFBP-3 expression and clinicopathological features were also evaluated. In addition, we examined the effects of IGFBP-3 on post-X-ray irradiation radiosensitivity and DNA damage in vitro. High IGFBP-3 expression was significantly correlated with poor chemoradiotherapy responses and prognosis. With IGFBP-3 knockdown, irradiated OSCC cells exhibited significantly higher radiosensitivity compared with that of control cells. Moreover, IGFBP-3 depletion in OSCC cells reduced phosphorylation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), which is required for DNA double-strand break repair during non-homologous end joining. These findings indicate that IGFBP-3 may have a significant role in regulating DNA repair and is be a potential biomarker for predicting clinical response to radiotherapy and prognosis in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junki Sakata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Akiyuki Hirosue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (H.N.); Tel.: +81-96-373-5288 (A.H. & H.N.)
| | - Ryoji Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yuichiro Matsuoka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kenta Kawahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Hidetaka Arita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Hikaru Nakashima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Tatsuro Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Masashi Nagata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Sho Kawaguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Shunsuke Gohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yuka Nagao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Keisuke Yamana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Ryo Toya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan;
| | - Ryuji Murakami
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan;
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsushima, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan;
| | - Manabu Fukumoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan;
| | - Hideki Nakayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (J.S.); (R.Y.); (Y.M.); (K.K.); (H.A.); (H.N.); (T.Y.); (M.N.); (S.K.); (S.G.); (Y.N.); (K.Y.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (H.N.); Tel.: +81-96-373-5288 (A.H. & H.N.)
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12
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Apanovich N, Peters M, Apanovich P, Mansorunov D, Markova A, Matveev V, Karpukhin A. The Genes-Candidates for Prognostic Markers of Metastasis by Expression Level in Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10010030. [PMID: 31936274 PMCID: PMC7168144 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular prognostic markers of metastasis are important for personalized approaches to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treatment but markers for practical use are still missing. To address this gap we studied the expression of ten genes—CA9, NDUFA4L2, VWF, IGFBP3, BHLHE41, EGLN3, SAA1, CSF1R, C1QA, and FN1—through RT-PCR, in 56 ccRCC patients without metastases and with metastases. All of these, excluding CSF1R, showed differential and increased (besides SAA1) expression in non-metastasis tumors. The gene expression levels in metastasis tumors were decreased, besides CSF1R, FN1 (not changed), and SAA1 (increased). There were significant associations of the differentially expressed genes with ccRCC metastasis by ROC analysis and the Fisher exact test. The association of the NDUFA4L2, VWF, EGLN3, SAA1, and C1QA expression with ccRCC metastasis is shown for the first time. The CA9, NDUFA4L2, BHLHE4, and EGLN3 were distinguished as the strongest candidates for ccRCC metastasis biomarkers. We used an approach that presupposed that the metastasis marker was the expression levels of any three genes from the selected panel and received sensitivity (88%) and specificity (73%) levels with a relative risk of RR > 3. In conclusion, a panel of selected genes—the candidates in biomarkers of ccRCC metastasis—was created for the first time. The results might shed some light on the ccRCC metastasis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Apanovich
- Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115522, Russia; (N.A.); (P.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Maria Peters
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia; (M.P.); (A.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Pavel Apanovich
- Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115522, Russia; (N.A.); (P.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Danzan Mansorunov
- Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115522, Russia; (N.A.); (P.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Anna Markova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia; (M.P.); (A.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vsevolod Matveev
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia; (M.P.); (A.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Alexander Karpukhin
- Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115522, Russia; (N.A.); (P.A.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-324-12-39
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13
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Zhou B, Wu D, Liu H, Du LT, Wang YS, Xu JW, Qiu FB, Hu SY, Zhan HX. Obesity and pancreatic cancer: An update of epidemiological evidence and molecular mechanisms. Pancreatology 2019; 19:941-950. [PMID: 31447281 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in therapy and achievements in translational research, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains an invariably fatal malignancy. Risk factors that affect the incidence of PC include diabetes, smoking, obesity, chronic pancreatitis, and diet. The growing worldwide obesity epidemic is associated with an increased risk of the most common cancers, including PC. Chronic inflammation, hormonal effects, circulating adipokines, and adipocyte-mediated inflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironment are involved in the association of obesity with PC. Herein, we systematically review the epidemiology of PC and the biological mechanisms that may account for this association. Included in this review is a discussion of adipokine-mediated inflammation, lipid metabolism, and the interactions of adipocytes with cancer cells. We consider the influence of bariatric surgery on the risk of PC risk as well as potential molecular targets of therapy. Our review leads us to conclude that targeting adipose tissue to achieve weight loss may represent a new therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China; Department of Retroperitoneal Tumor Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Lu-Tao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250033, China; Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250033, China
| | - Yun-Shan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250033, China; Tumor Marker Detection Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250033, China
| | - Jian-Wei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Fa-Bo Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China; Department of Retroperitoneal Tumor Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266003, China
| | - San-Yuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Han-Xiang Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China.
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14
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Cirera L, Huerta JM, Chirlaque MD, Overvad K, Lindström M, Regnér S, Tjønneland A, Boutron-Ruault MC, Rebours V, Fagherazzi G, Katzke VA, Boeing H, Peppa E, Trichopoulou A, Valanou E, Palli D, Grioni S, Panico S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, van Gils C, Vermeulen RCH, Skeie G, Braaten T, Weiderpass E, Merino S, Sánchez MJ, Larrañaga N, Ardanaz E, Sund M, Khaw KT, Key TJ, Jenab M, Naudin S, Murphy N, Aune D, Ward H, Riboli E, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Navarro C, Duell EJ. Socioeconomic Effect of Education on Pancreatic Cancer Risk in Western Europe: An Update on the EPIC Cohorts Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1089-1092. [PMID: 31160392 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the potential effect of social inequality on pancreatic cancer risk in Western Europe, by reassessing the association within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study, including a larger number of cases and an extended follow-up. METHODS Data on highest education attained were gathered for 459,170 participants (70% women) from 10 European countries. A relative index of inequality (RII) based on adult education was calculated for comparability across countries and generations. Cox regression models were applied to estimate relative inequality in pancreatic cancer risk, stratifying by age, gender, and center, and adjusting for known pancreatic cancer risk factors. RESULTS A total of 1,223 incident pancreatic cancer cases were included after a mean follow-up of 13.9 (±4.0) years. An inverse social trend was found in models adjusted for age, sex, and center for both sexes [HR of RII, 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.59], which was also significant among women (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.05-1.92). Further adjusting by smoking intensity, alcohol consumption, body mass index, prevalent diabetes, and physical activity led to an attenuation of the RII risk and loss of statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The present reanalysis does not sustain the existence of an independent social inequality influence on pancreatic cancer risk in Western European women and men, using an index based on adult education, the most relevant social indicator linked to individual lifestyles, in a context of very low pancreatic cancer survival from (quasi) universal public health systems. IMPACT The results do not support an association between education and risk of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Cirera
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain. .,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Lindström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Social Medicine and Health Policy, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sara Regnér
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Social Medicine and Health Policy, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Vinciane Rebours
- Pancreatology Unit, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France.,INSERM - UMR 1149, University Paris 7, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- CESP, Faculté de Médecine - Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE), Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico ii University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Department of Cancer Registry and Histopathology, "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy.,Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Carla van Gils
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Environmental Epidemiology Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, and Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susana Merino
- Public Health Directorate, Regional Government of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María José Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Key
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Sabine Naudin
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Ward
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Carmen Navarro
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eric J Duell
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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15
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Boguszewski CL, Boguszewski MCDS. Growth Hormone's Links to Cancer. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:558-574. [PMID: 30500870 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several components of the GH axis are involved in tumor progression, and GH-induced intracellular signaling has been strongly associated with breast cancer susceptibility in genome-wide association studies. In the general population, high IGF-I levels and low IGF-binding protein-3 levels within the normal range are associated with the development of common malignancies, and components of the GH-IGF signaling system exhibit correlations with clinical, histopathological, and therapeutic parameters in cancer patients. Despite promising findings in preclinical studies, anticancer therapies targeting the GH-IGF signaling system have led to disappointing results in clinical trials. There is substantial evidence for some degree of protection against tumor development in several animal models and in patients with genetic defects associated with GH deficiency or resistance. In contrast, the link between GH excess and cancer risk in acromegaly patients is much less clear, and cancer screening in acromegaly has been a highly controversial issue. Recent studies have shown that increased life expectancy in acromegaly patients who attain normal GH and IGF-I levels is associated with more deaths due to age-related cancers. Replacement GH therapy in GH deficiency hypopituitary adults and short children has been shown to be safe when no other risk factors for malignancy are present. Nevertheless, the use of GH in cancer survivors and in short children with RASopathies, chromosomal breakage syndromes, or DNA-repair disorders should be carefully evaluated owing to an increased risk of recurrence, primary cancer, or second neoplasia in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Luiz Boguszewski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Division (SEMPR), University Hospital, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
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16
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Pang Y, Holmes MV, Chen Z, Kartsonaki C. A review of lifestyle, metabolic risk factors, and blood-based biomarkers for early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:330-345. [PMID: 30550622 PMCID: PMC6378598 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to review the epidemiologic literature examining lifestyle and metabolic risk factors, and blood-based biomarkers including multi-omics (genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) and to discuss how these predictive markers can inform early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A search of the PubMed database was conducted in June 2018 to review epidemiologic studies of (i) lifestyle and metabolic risk factors for PDAC, genome-wide association studies, and risk prediction models incorporating these factors and (ii) blood-based biomarkers for PDAC (conventional diagnostic markers, metabolomics, and proteomics). Prospective cohort studies have reported at least 20 possible risk factors for PDAC, including smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, adiposity, diabetes, and pancreatitis, but the relative risks and population attributable fractions of individual risk factors are small (mostly < 10%). High-throughput technologies have continued to yield promising genetic, metabolic, and protein biomarkers in addition to conventional biomarkers such as carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Nonetheless, most studies have utilized a hospital-based case-control design, and the diagnostic accuracy is low in studies that collected pre-diagnostic samples. Risk prediction models incorporating lifestyle and metabolic factors as well as other clinical parameters have shown good discrimination and calibration. Combination of traditional risk factors, genomics, and blood-based biomarkers can help identify high-risk populations and inform clinical decisions. Multi-omics investigations can provide valuable insights into disease etiology, but prospective cohort studies that collect pre-diagnostic samples and validation in independent studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Pang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Michael V Holmes
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University HospitalOxfordUK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Christiana Kartsonaki
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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17
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Murphy N, Jenab M, Gunter MJ. Adiposity and gastrointestinal cancers: epidemiology, mechanisms and future directions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 15:659-670. [PMID: 29970888 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-018-0038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Excess adiposity is a risk factor for several cancers of the gastrointestinal system, specifically oesophageal adenocarcinoma and colorectal, small intestine, pancreatic, liver, gallbladder and stomach cancers. With the increasing prevalence of obesity in nearly all regions of the world, this relationship could represent a growing source of cancers of the digestive system. Experimental and molecular epidemiological studies indicate important roles for alterations in insulin signalling, adipose tissue-derived inflammation and sex hormone pathways in mediating the association between adiposity and gastrointestinal cancer. The intestinal microbiome, gut hormones and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) also have possible roles. However, important gaps remain in our knowledge. For instance, our understanding of how adiposity throughout the life course is related to the risk of gastrointestinal cancer development and of how obesity influences gastrointestinal cancer prognosis and survival is limited. Nonetheless, the increasing use of state-of-the-art analytical methods (such as omics technologies, Mendelian randomization and MRI) in large-scale epidemiological studies offers exciting opportunities to advance our understanding of the complex relationship between adiposity and gastrointestinal cancers. Here, we examine the epidemiology of associations between obesity and gastrointestinal cancer, explore potential mechanisms underlying these relationships and highlight important unanswered research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Murphy
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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18
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Oh H, Pfeiffer RM, Falk RT, Horne HN, Xiang J, Pollak M, Brinton LA, Storniolo AMV, Sherman ME, Gierach GL, Figueroa JD. Serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein-3 in relation to terminal duct lobular unit involution of the normal breast in Caucasian and African American women: The Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:496-507. [PMID: 29473153 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lesser degrees of terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU) involution, as reflected by higher numbers of TDLUs and acini/TDLU, are associated with elevated breast cancer risk. In rodent models, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system regulates involution of the mammary gland. We examined associations of circulating IGF measures with TDLU involution in normal breast tissues among women without precancerous lesions. Among 715 Caucasian and 283 African American (AA) women who donated normal breast tissue samples to the Komen Tissue Bank between 2009 and 2012 (75% premenopausal), serum concentrations of IGF-I and binding protein (IGFBP)-3 were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxilyn and eosin-stained tissue sections were assessed for numbers of TDLUs ("TDLU count"). Zero-inflated Poisson regression models with a robust variance estimator were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) for association of IGF measures (tertiles) with TDLU count by race and menopausal status, adjusting for potential confounders. AA (vs. Caucasian) women had higher age-adjusted mean levels of serum IGF-I (137 vs. 131 ng/mL, p = 0.07) and lower levels of IGFBP-3 (4165 vs. 4684 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). Postmenopausal IGFBP-3 was inversely associated with TDLU count among AA (RRT3vs.T1 = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.28-0.84, p-trend = 0.04) and Caucasian (RRT3vs.T1 =0.64, 95% CI = 0.42-0.98, p-trend = 0.04) women. In premenopausal women, higher IGF-I:IGFBP-3 ratios were associated with higher TDLU count in Caucasian (RRT3vs.T1 =1.33, 95% CI = 1.02-1.75, p-trend = 0.04), but not in AA (RRT3vs.T1 =0.65, 95% CI = 0.42-1.00, p-trend = 0.05), women. Our data suggest a role of the IGF system, particularly IGFBP-3, in TDLU involution of the normal breast, a breast cancer risk factor, among Caucasian and AA women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Oh
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.,Section of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ.,Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Roni T Falk
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hisani N Horne
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.,U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Jackie Xiang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anna Maria V Storniolo
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.,Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.,Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Institute of Genomics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, UK
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19
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Mutgan AC, Besikcioglu HE, Wang S, Friess H, Ceyhan GO, Demir IE. Insulin/IGF-driven cancer cell-stroma crosstalk as a novel therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:66. [PMID: 29475434 PMCID: PMC5824531 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0806-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is unrivalled the deadliest gastrointestinal cancer in the western world. There is substantial evidence implying that insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling axis prompt PDAC into an advanced stage by enhancing tumor growth, metastasis and by driving therapy resistance. Numerous efforts have been made to block Insulin/IGF signaling pathway in cancer therapy. However, therapies that target the IGF1 receptor (IGF-1R) and IGF subtypes (IGF-1 and IGF-2) have been repeatedly unsuccessful. This failure may not only be due to the complexity and homology that is shared by Insulin and IGF receptors, but also due to the complex stroma-cancer interactions in the pancreas. Shedding light on the interactions between the endocrine/exocrine pancreas and the stroma in PDAC is likely to steer us toward the development of novel treatments. In this review, we highlight the stroma-derived IGF signaling and IGF-binding proteins as potential novel therapeutic targets in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ceren Mutgan
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - H Erdinc Besikcioglu
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Gazi University Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Shenghan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Güralp O Ceyhan
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany
| | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany.
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20
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Toriola AT, Ziegler M, Li Y, Pollak M, Stolzenberg-Solomon R. Prediagnosis Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Pancreatic Cancer Survival. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 24:3212-3219. [PMID: 28681154 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-017-5988-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediagnosis obesity and diabetes are associated with survival from pancreatic cancer, but the underlying mechanisms have not been characterized. Because both are associated with dysregulation in circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels, we evaluated the associations of prediagnosis IGF levels (IGF-I, IGF-II) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) with pancreatic cancer survival. METHODS Participants were subjects enrolled in the intervention arm of the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial who developed exocrine pancreatic cancer during follow-up (N = 178, 116 men and 67 women). Participants provided blood samples at enrollment, before cancer diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression model, adjusted for confounders was used to investigate associations of IGF biomarkers with pancreatic cancer survival. Because of the well-documented, gender-specific differences in circulating IGF biomarkers, and differential associations of IGF biomarkers with mortality, we evaluated associations separately among males and females. RESULTS Median survival was 172 days. Higher IGF-II and IGFBP-3 levels were associated with pancreatic cancer survival among males but not among females. The hazard ratios (HR) of death among men in the highest tertiles of IGF-II and IGFBP-3 compared with men in the lowest tertiles were 0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-0.71, p < 0.01) and 0.59 (95% CI 0.35-0.97, p = 0.10), respectively. There were no statistically significant associations between IGF-I concentrations, IGF-I/IGFBP-3, and pancreatic cancer survival. CONCLUSIONS Higher prediagnosis circulating IGF-II and IGFBP-3 levels are associated with better pancreatic cancer survival among men but not women. A greater understanding of how IGF signaling is related to pancreatic cancer survival could have utility in improving pancreatic cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adetunji T Toriola
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, and Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Mark Ziegler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, and Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, and Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Pollak
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Branch of Nutritional Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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21
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Gong Y, Zhang B, Liao Y, Tang Y, Mai C, Chen T, Tang H. Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9040394. [PMID: 28420208 PMCID: PMC5409733 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and the risk of pancreatic cancer (PaC). Methods: We identified eligible studies in Medline and EMBASE databases (no reference trials from 2014 to 2016) in addition to the reference lists of original studies and review articles on this topic. A summary of relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated using a random-effects model. The heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochran Q and I2 statistics. Results: Ten studies (seven nested case-control studies and three retrospective case-control studies) were selected as they met our inclusion criteria in this meta-analysis. All these studies were published between 1997 and 2013. The current data suggested that serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3)in addition to the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio were not associated with an increased risk of PaC (Summary relative risks (SRRs) = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.67–1.16 for IGF-I; SRRs = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.54–1.15 for IGF-II; SRRs = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.69–1.17 for IGFBP-3; SRRs = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.71–1.23 for IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio). There was no publication bias in the present meta-analysis. Conclusion: Serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 as well as the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio were not associated with increased risk of PaC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital& Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.
| | - Bingyi Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, the First People's Hospital of Yichang, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443000, China.
| | - Yadi Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital& Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.
| | - Yunqiang Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital& Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.
| | - Cong Mai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital& Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.
| | - Tiejun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital& Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital& Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China.
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22
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Yoneyama T, Ohtsuki S, Honda K, Kobayashi M, Iwasaki M, Uchida Y, Okusaka T, Nakamori S, Shimahara M, Ueno T, Tsuchida A, Sata N, Ioka T, Yasunami Y, Kosuge T, Kaneda T, Kato T, Yagihara K, Fujita S, Huang W, Yamada T, Tachikawa M, Terasaki T. Identification of IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 As Compensatory Biomarkers for CA19-9 in Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer Using a Combination of Antibody-Based and LC-MS/MS-Based Proteomics. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161009. [PMID: 27579675 PMCID: PMC5007017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal tumors, and reliable detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer and risk diseases for pancreatic cancer is essential to improve the prognosis. As 260 genes were previously reported to be upregulated in invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of pancreas (IDACP) cells, quantification of the corresponding proteins in plasma might be useful for IDACP diagnosis. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to identify plasma biomarkers for early detection of IDACP by using two proteomics strategies: antibody-based proteomics and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based proteomics. Among the 260 genes, we focused on 130 encoded proteins with known function for which antibodies were available. Twenty-three proteins showed values of the area under the curve (AUC) of more than 0.8 in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) data of IDACP patients compared with healthy controls, and these proteins were selected as biomarker candidates. We then used our high-throughput selected reaction monitoring or multiple reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) methodology, together with an automated sample preparation system, micro LC and auto analysis system, to quantify these candidate proteins in plasma from healthy controls and IDACP patients on a large scale. The results revealed that insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)2 and IGFBP3 have the ability to discriminate IDACP patients at an early stage from healthy controls, and IGFBP2 appeared to be increased in risk diseases of pancreatic malignancy, such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). Furthermore, diagnosis of IDACP using the combination of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 is significantly more effective than CA19-9 alone. This suggests that IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 may serve as compensatory biomarkers for CA19-9. Early diagnosis with this marker combination may improve the prognosis of IDACP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Yoneyama
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sumio Ohtsuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) CREST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) CREST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Epidemiology, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchida
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuji Okusaka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Nakamori
- Departments of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Takaaki Ueno
- Department of Oral Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tsuchida
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ioka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Tomoo Kosuge
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaneda
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takao Kato
- Department of Oral Implant, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Shigeyuki Fujita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | - Tesshi Yamada
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Terasaki
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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23
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Braczkowski R, Białożyt M, Plato M, Mazurek U, Braczkowska B. Expression of insulin-like growth factor family genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2016; 20:130-6. [PMID: 27358591 PMCID: PMC4925729 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2016.58720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Despite significant progress in the pathology of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), diagnostic and predictive factors of major importance have not been discovered. Some hopes are associated with insulin-like growth factors. The aim of the study was to compare the expression of genes for insulin-like growth factor family in tumours and in tissue of kidneys without cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-two patients years with clear cell renal cell cancer were qualified to the study group; patients nephrectomised because of hydronephrosis were included in the control group. Expression of genes were evaluated by RT-PCR. RESULTS Expression of IGFR-1 gene in tumour accounts for about 60% of cases. The incidence is higher than in corresponding adjacent non-cancerous kidney tissues and higher (but with no statistical significance) than in kidney without cancer. Expression of IGFR-2 gene in tumours has not been established. The incidence of the expression in corresponding adjacent non-cancerous kidney tissues is small. Expression of this gene has been present in all specimens from kidneys without cancer. Expression of IGFBP-3 gene ascertained in all (except four) cases of ccRCC and in the majority of clippings from adjacent tissue. It was not found in kidneys from the control group. IGF-1, IGF-2, and IGFR-1 mRNA copy numbers in ccRCC were higher than in the material from the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Braczkowski
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Marta Plato
- Department of Pharmaclogy, School of Medicine, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
| | - Urszula Mazurek
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Braczkowska
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine Katowice, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
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24
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Epidemiology and Inherited Predisposition for Sporadic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2016; 29:619-40. [PMID: 26226901 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Given the changing demographics of Western populations, the numbers of pancreatic cancer cases are projected to increase during the next decade. Diabetes, recent cigarette smoking, and excess body weight are the cancer's most consistent risk factors. The search for common and rare germline variants that influence risk of pancreatic cancer through genome-wide association studies and high-throughput-sequencing-based studies is underway and holds the promise of increasing the knowledge of variants and genes that play a role in inherited susceptibility of this disease. Research reported in this review has advanced the understanding of pancreatic cancer.
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25
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YANG HAIPING, XU LIJUAN, QIAN HAILI, NIU XINQIANG, ZHAO DAN, ZHAO ZHILONG, WU JUN, LIU JUNFENG, WANG YANYU. Correlation between insulin‑like growth factor binding protein 3 and metastasis‑associated gene 1 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4143-50. [PMID: 27035126 PMCID: PMC4838119 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between insulin‑like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP‑3) and metastasis‑associated gene 1 (MTA1) protein, and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients with ESCC who underwent surgical resection were enrolled in the current study, ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues (control) were obtained from 197 patients. The protein expression levels of IGFBP‑3 and MTA1 were detected using immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that the expression of IGFBP‑3 in ESCC tissues was significantly lower than in the adjacent normal tissues (27.4 vs. 40.6%; P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with smoking status, degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The expression of MTA1 protein in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that of the adjacent tissues (42.1 vs. 11.2%; P<0.05), and was positively correlated with the tumor size, extent of tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). No association was identified between the protein expression levels of IGFBP‑3 and MTA1. The protein expression levels of IGFBP‑3 and MTA1 were not independent risk factors for ESCC prognosis; however, the degree of tumor invasion (P=0.02) and rate of lymph node metastasis (P=0.027) were. IGFBP‑3 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC; however, MTA1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC. There is no interaction between IGFBP‑3 and MTA1 in ESCC, and they are not independent risk factors for ESCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- HAIPING YANG
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
| | - LIJUAN XU
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
| | - HAILI QIAN
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital/Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - XINQIANG NIU
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cixian People's Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056500, P.R. China
| | - DAN ZHAO
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
| | - ZHILONG ZHAO
- Department of Cardiothoracics, Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - JUN WU
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
| | - JUNFENG LIU
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - YANYU WANG
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
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26
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Horne HN, Sherman ME, Pfeiffer RM, Figueroa JD, Khodr ZG, Falk RT, Pollak M, Patel DA, Palakal MM, Linville L, Papathomas D, Geller B, Vacek PM, Weaver DL, Chicoine R, Shepherd J, Mahmoudzadeh AP, Wang J, Fan B, Malkov S, Herschorn S, Hewitt SM, Brinton LA, Gierach GL. Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 and terminal duct lobular unit involution of the breast: a cross-sectional study of women with benign breast disease. Breast Cancer Res 2016; 18:24. [PMID: 26893016 PMCID: PMC4758090 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-016-0678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs) are the primary structures from which breast cancers and their precursors arise. Decreased age-related TDLU involution and elevated mammographic density are both correlated and independently associated with increased breast cancer risk, suggesting that these characteristics of breast parenchyma might be linked to a common factor. Given data suggesting that increased circulating levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) factors are related to reduced TDLU involution and increased mammographic density, we assessed these relationships using validated quantitative methods in a cross-sectional study of women with benign breast disease. Methods Serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGF-I:IGFBP-3 molar ratios were measured in 228 women, ages 40-64, who underwent diagnostic breast biopsies yielding benign diagnoses at University of Vermont affiliated centers. Biopsies were assessed for three separate measures inversely related to TDLU involution: numbers of TDLUs per unit of tissue area (“TDLU count”), median TDLU diameter (“TDLU span”), and number of acini per TDLU (“acini count”). Regression models, stratified by menopausal status and adjusted for potential confounders, were used to assess the associations of TDLU count, median TDLU span and median acini count per TDLU with tertiles of circulating IGFs. Given that mammographic density is associated with both IGF levels and breast cancer risk, we also stratified these associations by mammographic density. Results Higher IGF-I levels among postmenopausal women and an elevated IGF-I:IGFBP-3 ratio among all women were associated with higher TDLU counts, a marker of decreased lobular involution (P-trend = 0.009 and <0.0001, respectively); these associations were strongest among women with elevated mammographic density (P-interaction <0.01). Circulating IGF levels were not significantly associated with TDLU span or acini count per TDLU. Conclusions These results suggest that elevated IGF levels may define a sub-group of women with high mammographic density and limited TDLU involution, two markers that have been related to increased breast cancer risk. If confirmed in prospective studies with cancer endpoints, these data may suggest that evaluation of IGF signaling and its downstream effects may have value for risk prediction and suggest strategies for breast cancer chemoprevention through inhibition of the IGF system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-016-0678-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisani N Horne
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA. .,Present Affiliation: Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Mark E Sherman
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jonine D Figueroa
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
| | - Zeina G Khodr
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA.
| | - Roni T Falk
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA.
| | | | - Deesha A Patel
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA. .,Present Affiliation: Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Maya M Palakal
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA.
| | - Laura Linville
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA.
| | - Daphne Papathomas
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - John Shepherd
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Amir Pasha Mahmoudzadeh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Jeff Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Present Affiliation: Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Serghei Malkov
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Sally Herschorn
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Stephen M Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Louise A Brinton
- Office of the Director, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rm. 7-E108, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9774, USA.
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27
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Ferri MJ, Saez M, Figueras J, Fort E, Sabat M, López-Ben S, de Llorens R, Aleixandre RN, Peracaula R. Improved Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Diagnosis in Jaundiced and Non-Jaundiced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Patients through the Combination of Routine Clinical Markers Associated to Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Pathophysiology. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147214. [PMID: 26808421 PMCID: PMC4726554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still no reliable biomarker for the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a tumor marker only recommended for pancreatic adenocarcinoma follow-up. One of the clinical problems lies in distinguishing between this cancer and other benign pancreatic diseases such as chronic pancreatitis. In this study we will assess the value of panels of serum molecules related to pancreatic cancer physiopathology to determine whether alone or in combination could help to discriminate between these two pathologies. METHODS CA 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), C-reactive protein, albumin, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein-3 were measured using routine clinical analyzers in a cohort of 47 pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 20 chronic pancreatitis and 15 healthy controls. RESULTS The combination of CA 19-9, IGF-1 and albumin resulted in a combined area under the curve (AUC) of 0.959 with 93.6% sensitivity and 95% specificity, much higher than CA 19-9 alone. An algorithm was defined to classify the patients as chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer with the above specificity and sensitivity. In an independent validation group of 20 pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 13 chronic pancreatitis patients, the combination of the four molecules classified correctly all pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 12 out of 13 chronic pancreatitis patients. CONCLUSIONS Although this panel of markers should be validated in larger cohorts, the high sensitivity and specificity values and the convenience to measure these parameters in clinical laboratories shows great promise for improving pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosis.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Area Under Curve
- Bilirubin/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- C-Reactive Protein/analysis
- CA-19-9 Antigen/blood
- Carcinoembryonic Antigen/blood
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/blood
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/complications
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/physiopathology
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Diagnostic Tests, Routine
- Female
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/blood
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis
- Jaundice, Obstructive/etiology
- Jaundice, Obstructive/physiopathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/blood
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Pancreatitis, Chronic/blood
- Pancreatitis, Chronic/diagnosis
- ROC Curve
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Serum Albumin/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Ferri
- Clinic Laboratory, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Saez
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Girona, Spain
| | - Joan Figueras
- Hepato-biliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Esther Fort
- Gastroenterology Unit, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Miriam Sabat
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Santa Caterina, Salt, Girona, Spain
| | - Santiago López-Ben
- Hepato-biliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | | | | | - Rosa Peracaula
- Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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28
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Nimptsch K, Pischon T. Obesity Biomarkers, Metabolism and Risk of Cancer: An Epidemiological Perspective. Recent Results Cancer Res 2016; 208:199-217. [PMID: 27909909 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42542-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic alterations that may pose a biological link between body fatness and risk of cancer. Elucidating the role of obesity-related biomarkers in cancer development is essential for developing targeted strategies aiming at obesity-associated cancer prevention. Molecular epidemiological studies of the past decades have provided evidence that major hormonal pathways linking obesity and cancer risk include the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis, sex-steroid hormones, adipokines and chronic low-grade inflammation. These pathways are interrelated with each other, and their importance varies by obesity-related cancer type. The insulin/IGF-1 axis has been implicated to play an important mediating role in the association between obesity and risk of pancreatic, colorectal and prostate cancer. Endogenous sex-steroid hormone concentrations, in particular obesity-associated pre-diagnostic elevations of estrogens and androgens, play an important role in postmenopausal breast cancer and endometrial cancer development. The adipokines adiponectin and leptin and adipocyte-mediated chronic low-grade inflammation represented by the acute-phase C-reactive protein may explain a substantial part of the association between obesity and risk of colorectal cancer. There is less evidence on whether these hormonal pathways play a mediating role in other obesity-associated types of cancer. In this chapter, the molecular epidemiologic evidence from prospective studies relating circulating obesity-related biomarkers to cancer risk is summarized, taking into account available evidence from Mendelian Randomization investigations aiming at improving causal inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Yao X, Sun S, Zhou X, Guo W, Zhang L. IGF-binding protein 2 is a candidate target of therapeutic potential in cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1451-9. [PMID: 26662106 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein 2(IGFBP2), a key member of IGF family, has been reported as a notable oncogene in most human epithelium cancers. Increasing evidences suggested that IGFBP2 might be a candidate target of therapuetic potential by regulating key cancer metastasis and invasion-associated signaling networks, but there is still confusion about the mechanism on how IGFBP2 takes part in these processes. In this review, we summarized the current points of view that IGFBP2 functions in signaling pathways during tumorigenesis and tumor progression and discussed its potential clinical applications as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Guo
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Kim Y, Kang M, Han D, Kim H, Lee K, Kim SW, Kim Y, Park T, Jang JY, Kim Y. Biomarker Development for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms Using Multiple Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:100-13. [PMID: 26561977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a common precursor of pancreatic cancer (PC). Much clinical attention has been directed toward IPMNs due to the increase in the prevalence of PC. The diagnosis of IPMN depends primarily on a radiological examination, but the diagnostic accuracy of this tool is not satisfactory, necessitating the development of accurate diagnostic biomarkers for IPMN to prevent PC. Recently, high-throughput targeted proteomic quantification methods have accelerated the discovery of biomarkers, rendering them powerful platforms for the evolution of IPMN diagnostic biomarkers. In this study, a robust multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) pipeline was applied to discovery and verify IPMN biomarker candidates in a large cohort of plasma samples. Through highly reproducible MRM assays and a stringent statistical analysis, 11 proteins were selected as IPMN marker candidates with high confidence in 184 plasma samples, comprising a training (n = 84) and test set (n = 100). To improve the discriminatory power, we constructed a six-protein panel by combining marker candidates. The multimarker panel had high discriminatory power in distinguishing between IPMN and controls, including other benign diseases. Consequently, the diagnostic accuracy of IPMN can be improved dramatically with this novel plasma-based panel in combination with a radiological examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikwon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - MeeJoo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - KyoungBun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sun-Whe Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Yongkang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Taesung Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, and §Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 28 Yongon-Dong, Seoul 110-799 Korea.,Department of Statistics and ⊥Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University , Daehak-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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31
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Lodhia KA, Tienchaiananda P, Haluska P. Understanding the Key to Targeting the IGF Axis in Cancer: A Biomarker Assessment. Front Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26217584 PMCID: PMC4495315 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 insulin like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) targeted therapies showed compelling pre-clinical evidence; however, to date, this has failed to translate into patient benefit in Phase 2/3 trials in unselected patients. This was further complicated by the toxicity, including hyperglycemia, which largely results from the overlap between IGF and insulin signaling systems and associated feedback mechanisms. This has halted the clinical development of inhibitors targeting IGF signaling, which has limited the availability of biopsy samples for correlative studies to understand biomarkers of response. Indeed, a major factor contributing to lack of clinical benefit of IGF targeting agents has been difficulty in identifying patients with tumors driven by IGF signaling due to the lack of predictive biomarkers. In this review, we will describe the IGF system, rationale for targeting IGF signaling, the potential liabilities of targeting strategies, and potential biomarkers that may improve success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Haluska
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
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Conditionally immortalized human pancreatic stellate cell lines demonstrate enhanced proliferation and migration in response to IGF-I. Exp Cell Res 2014; 330:300-310. [PMID: 25304103 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a key role in the dense desmoplastic stroma associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Studies on human PSCs have been minimal due to difficulty in maintaining primary PSC in culture. We have generated the first conditionally immortalized human non-tumor (NPSC) and tumor-derived (TPSC) pancreatic stellate cells via transformation with the temperature-sensitive SV40 large T antigen and human telomerase (hTERT). These cells proliferate at 33°C. After transfer to 37°C, the SV40LT is switched off and the cells regain their primary PSC phenotype and growth characteristics. NPSC contained cytoplasmic vitamin A-storing lipid droplets, while both NPSC and TPSC expressed the characteristic markers αSMA, vimentin, desmin and GFAP. Proteome array analysis revealed that of the 55 evaluated proteins, 27 (49%) were upregulated ≥3-fold in TPSC compared to NPSC, including uPA, pentraxin-3, endoglin and endothelin-1. Two insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) were inversely expressed. Although discordant IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 levels, IGF-I was found to stimulate proliferation of both NPSC and TPSC. Both basal and IGF-I stimulated motility was significantly enhanced in TPSC compared to NPSC. In conclusion, these cells provide a unique resource that will facilitate further study of the active stroma compartment associated with pancreatic cancer.
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Toriola AT, Fields RC. Inflammatory, insulin resistance metabolic markers and pancreatic cancer: quo vadis? [corrected]. Future Oncol 2014; 10:1519-22. [PMID: 25145419 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adetunji T Toriola
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Sciences, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Huang YF, Cheng WF, Wu YP, Cheng YM, Hsu KF, Chou CY. Circulating IGF system and treatment outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:217-29. [PMID: 24273235 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) frequently progress and become fatal, even when cytoreduction surgery plus platinum-based chemotherapy are performed. Thus, the early detection of high-risk subgroups is important in order to provide opportunities for better treatment outcomes, using alternative therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to explore the expression of circulating IGF system components and their relationship with treatment outcome in EOC. We included 228 patients with a median follow-up time of 44 months at two tertiary centers. There were 68 cancer deaths and 108 cases of cancer progression in the cohort. Preoperative serum levels of total IGF1, IGF2, IGF-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), and IGFBP3 were analyzed using an ELISA and were then converted into an IGF1:IGFBP3 molar ratio. The risks of mortality and progression were estimated using Cox regression models in univariate and multivariate analyses. Our results showed that high IGF1, IGF2, and IGFBP3 levels were significantly associated with an early cancer stage, non-serous histology, and optimal cytoreduction. High IGFBP2 levels were associated with an advanced stage and serous histology. Overall and progression-free survival durations were significantly better among patients with high IGF1 (P=0.003 and P=0.001), IGF2 (P=0.003 and P=0.02), or IGFBP3 levels (P=0.02 and P=0.008). In multivariate analysis, serum IGFBP2 levels were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio=1.84, 95% CI: 1.07-3.18, P=0.03), indicating that IGFBP2 could be used as an early predictor of EOC-related mortality. The combination of elevated IGFBP2 and reduced IGF1 levels at diagnosis could further facilitate the identification of a patient subgroup with the worst prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Center for Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Limesand KH, Chibly AM, Fribley A. Impact of targeting insulin-like growth factor signaling in head and neck cancers. Growth Horm IGF Res 2013; 23:135-140. [PMID: 23816396 PMCID: PMC3755042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The IGF system has been shown to have either negative or negligible impact on clinical outcomes of tumor development depending on specific tumor sites or stages. This review focuses on the clinical impact of IGF signaling in head and neck cancer, the effects of IGF targeted therapies, and the multi-dimensional role of IRS 1/2 signaling as a potential mechanism in resistance to targeted therapies. Similar to other tumor sites, both negative and positive correlations between levels of IGF-1/IGF-1-R and clinical outcomes in head and neck cancer have been reported. In addition, utilization of IGF targeted therapies has not demonstrated significant clinical benefit; therefore the prognostic impact of the IGF system on head and neck cancer remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten H Limesand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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McCaffery I, Tudor Y, Deng H, Tang R, Suzuki S, Badola S, Kindler HL, Fuchs CS, Loh E, Patterson SD, Chen L, Gansert JL. Putative predictive biomarkers of survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with gemcitabine and ganitumab, an IGF1R inhibitor. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:4282-9. [PMID: 23741071 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This planned exploratory analysis assessed the predictive nature of baseline circulating factors of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis on the treatment effect of ganitumab (monoclonal antibody inhibitor of IGF-1 receptor) plus gemcitabine in a randomized phase II study in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Baseline levels of IGFs/IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) were analyzed in serum or plasma. Mutations and gene expression were analyzed in archival samples. Treatment effects between biomarker subgroups were compared for overall survival (OS). Associations of tumor markers with OS were evaluated. RESULTS For patients with evaluable samples, ganitumab was associated with improved OS versus placebo (HR, 0.49; 95% CI: 0.28-0.87). The treatment effect on improved OS was strong in the patient subset with higher levels of IGF-1, IGF-2, or IGFBP-3, or lower levels of IGFBP-2, but not so on the other corresponding subset. Median OS of ganitumab versus placebo in patients with higher levels of IGF-1, IGF-2, and IGFBP-3 was 16 versus 6.8 months (HR, 0.25; 95% CI: 0.09-0.67), 16 versus 5.9 months (HR, 0.24; 95% CI: 0.09-0.68), and 16 versus 6.8 months (HR, 0.28; 95% CI: 0.11-0.73), and in patients with lower IGFBP-2 levels was 12.7 versus 6.6 months (HR, 0.19; 95% CI: 0.07-0.55). Interaction between treatment and IGFs/IGFBPs in multivariate analyses suggested predictive potential for IGF-2 (P = 0.002) and IGFBP-2 (P = 0.02). KRAS mutation status and PTEN expression were not associated with OS. CONCLUSIONS Baseline circulating factors of the IGF axis may predict OS benefit from ganitumab plus gemcitabine in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian McCaffery
- Genentech, One DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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Djiogue S, Nwabo Kamdje AH, Vecchio L, Kipanyula MJ, Farahna M, Aldebasi Y, Seke Etet PF. Insulin resistance and cancer: the role of insulin and IGFs. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013. [PMID: 23207292 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin, IGF1, and IGF2 are the most studied insulin-like peptides (ILPs). These are evolutionary conserved factors well known as key regulators of energy metabolism and growth, with crucial roles in insulin resistance-related metabolic disorders such as obesity, diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as associated immune deregulations. A growing body of evidence suggests that insulin and IGF1 receptors mediate their effects on regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, glucose transport, and energy metabolism by signaling downstream through insulin receptor substrate molecules and thus play a pivotal role in cell fate determination. Despite the emerging evidence from epidemiological studies on the possible relationship between insulin resistance and cancer, our understanding on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that might account for this relationship remains incompletely understood. The involvement of IGFs in carcinogenesis is attributed to their role in linking high energy intake, increased cell proliferation, and suppression of apoptosis to cancer risks, which has been proposed as the key mechanism bridging insulin resistance and cancer. The present review summarizes and discusses evidence highlighting recent advances in our understanding on the role of ILPs as the link between insulin resistance and cancer and between immune deregulation and cancer in obesity, as well as those areas where there remains a paucity of data. It is anticipated that issues discussed in this paper will also recover new therapeutic targets that can assist in diagnostic screening and novel approaches to controlling tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefirin Djiogue
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Yamada H, Iijima K, Tomita O, Taguchi T, Miharu M, Kobayashi K, Okita H, Saito M, Shimizu T, Kiyokawa N. Effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 on B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Hematol 2012; 97:73-82. [PMID: 23250859 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-012-1234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is known to be a major growth factor with effects on various cell types, including hematopoietic cells, as well as neoplasms, and is regulated by IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). In this study, we investigated the effects of IGF-1 on B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) cells. When the expression of IGF-1R in clinical samples of BCP-ALL was examined, five of thirty-two cases showed IGF-1R expression, whereas IGF-1R was expressed in most BCP-ALL cell lines. We observed that IGF-1 enhanced the proliferation of BCP-ALL cell lines that can be partially inhibited by IGFBP-1, -3, and -4, but not other IGFBPs. IGF-1 also partially inhibited dexamethasone-induced apoptosis, but not apoptosis mediated by VP-16 and irradiation. Interestingly, the proliferative effect of IGF-1 was partially blocked by inhibitors of MAPK and AKT, whereas the inhibition of dexamethasone-induced apoptosis was completely blocked by both inhibitors. Our data indicate that IGF-1 is involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis regulation in BCP-ALL cells. Since some BCP-ALL cases express IGF-1R, it appears to be a plausible target for prognostic evaluation and may represent a new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Löf M, Bergström K, Weiderpass E. Physical activity and biomarkers in breast cancer survivors: a systematic review. Maturitas 2012; 73:134-42. [PMID: 22840658 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. The number of breast cancer survivors has increased due to screening and improved treatment methods, which makes it important to increase knowledge on their health and well-being. Physical activity has been reported to improve quality of life, decrease fatigue and reduce all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality in breast cancer survivors. The beneficial effects of physical activity may manifest themselves in circulating levels of insulin, insulin-growth factors (IGFs) I and II and their binding proteins (IGFBPs), or inflammatory biomarkers. The aim of this report was to review available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of physical activity on biomarkers in breast cancer survivors. We identified 12 publications based on nine RCTs that fulfilled our inclusion criteria published until 19th June 2012. The RCTs were small (16-101 breast cancer survivors); mean BMI was ≥25 and the mean age in 8 out of 9 RCTs was approximately 50 years. Five RCTs reported statistically significant effects of physical activity on insulin, IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3 in breast cancer survivors, but the results were not consistent. None of four RCTs found any evidence for a role of investigated interleukines. One trial reported some evidence that exercise may decrease C-reactive protein levels. In conclusion, available RCTs have produced some evidence that physical activity may result in beneficial changes in levels of insulin, IGFs, IGFBPs, and inflammatory biomarkers in breast cancer survivors. However, further larger RCTs on physical activity and biomarkers in breast cancer survivors are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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