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Chakraborty S, Gupta AK, Gupta N, Meena JP, Seth R, Kabra M. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Storage Disorders: Present Status. Indian J Pediatr 2024; 91:830-838. [PMID: 38639861 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Storage disorders are a group of inborn errors of metabolism caused by the defective activity of lysosomal enzymes or transporters. All of these disorders have multisystem involvement with variable degrees of neurological features. Neurological manifestations are one of the most difficult aspects of treatment concerning these diseases. The available treatment modalities for some of these disorders include enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and the upcoming gene therapies. As a one-time intervention, the economic feasibility of HSCT makes it an attractive option for treating these disorders, especially in lower and middle-income countries. Further, improvements in peri-transplantation medical care, better conditioning regimens and better supportive care have improved the outcomes of patients undergoing HSCT. In this review, we discuss the current evidence for HSCT in various storage disorders and its suitability as a mode of therapy for the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumalya Chakraborty
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Neerja Gupta
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Jagdish Prasad Meena
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Rachna Seth
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Madhulika Kabra
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Guffon N, Burton BK, Ficicioglu C, Magner M, Gil-Campos M, Lopez-Rodriguez MA, Jayakar P, Lund AM, Tal G, Garcia-Ortiz JE, Stepien KM, Ellaway C, Al-Hertani W, Giugliani R, Cathey SS, Hennermann JB, Lampe C, McNutt M, Lagler FB, Scarpa M, Sutton VR, Muschol N. Monitoring and integrated care coordination of patients with alpha-mannosidosis: A global Delphi consensus study. Mol Genet Metab 2024; 142:108519. [PMID: 39024860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2024.108519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current literature lacks consensus on initial assessments and routine follow-up care of patients with alpha-mannosidosis (AM). A Delphi panel was conducted to generate and validate recommendations on best practices for initial assessment, routine follow-up care, and integrated care coordination of patients with AM. METHODS A modified Delphi method involving 3 rounds of online surveys was used. An independent administrator and 2 nonvoting physician co-chairs managed survey development, anonymous data collection, and analysis. A multidisciplinary panel comprising 20 physicians from 12 countries responded to 57 open-ended questions in the first survey. Round 2 consisted of 11 ranking questions and 44 voting statements. In round 3, panelists voted to validate 60 consensus statements. The panel response rate was ≥95% in all 3 rounds. Panelists used 5-point Likert scales to indicate importance (score of ≥3) or agreement (score of ≥4). Consensus was defined a priori as ≥75% agreement with ≥75% of panelists voting. RESULTS Consensus was reached on 60 statements, encompassing 3 key areas: initial assessments, routine follow-up care, and treatment-related follow-up. The panel agreed on the type and frequency of assessments related to genetic testing, baseline evaluations, quality of life, biochemical measures, affected body systems, treatment received, and integrated care coordination in patients with AM. Forty-nine statements reached 90% to 100% consensus, 8 statements reached 80% to 85% consensus, and 1 statement reached 75% consensus. Two statements each reached consensus on 15 baseline assessments to be conducted at the initial follow-up visit after diagnosis in pediatric and adult patients. CONCLUSION This is the first Delphi study providing internationally applicable, best-practice recommendations for monitoring patients with AM that may improve their care and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Guffon
- Reference Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases (CERLYMM), Hospices Civils of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France.
| | - Barbara K Burton
- Northwestern University and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Can Ficicioglu
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martin Magner
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Reina Sofía University Hospital, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, Spanish Network for Research of Excellence in Obesity (CIBEROBN), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Monica A Lopez-Rodriguez
- Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Allan M Lund
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Galit Tal
- Metabolic Clinic and Pediatric Department "B", Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel; Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jose Elias Garcia-Ortiz
- Division of Genetics, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO) del Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Karolina M Stepien
- Adult Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Northern Care Alliance National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Salford Royal Organization, Salford, UK
| | | | - Walla Al-Hertani
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Diagnósticos da América S.A. (DASA) and Center for Comprehensive Care and Training in Rare Diseases (CASA DOS RAROS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Christina Lampe
- Center for Pediatric Neurology, Muscular Diseases and Social Pediatrics, Giessen University Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Markey McNutt
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Florian B Lagler
- Institute for Inherited Metabolic Diseases & Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Regional Coordinating Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Udine, Italy
| | - V Reid Sutton
- Baylor College of Medicine & Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole Muschol
- International Center for Lysosomal Disorders (ICLD), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Santoro L, Cefalo G, Canalini F, Rossi S, Scarpa M. Diagnosis of alpha-Mannosidosis: Practical approaches to reducing diagnostic delays in this ultra-rare disease. Mol Genet Metab 2024; 142:108444. [PMID: 38555683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2024.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is an ultra-rare lysosomal disease that is caused by variants of the MAN2B1 gene on chromosome 19p13. These variants result in faulty or absent alpha-mannosidase in lysosomes, which leads to intracellular accumulation of mannose-containing oligosaccharides. Diagnosis of alpha-mannosidosis is often delayed, in part because of the rarity of the disease, its gradual onset and heterogeneity of presentation, but also because of the similarity of many signs and symptoms of the disease to those of other lysosomal diseases. Treatment of alpha-mannosidosis was previously limited to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but outcomes are variable and not all patients are eligible or have a suitable donor. Recently, an enzyme replacement therapy, recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (velmanase alfa), was approved for the treatment of non-neurological manifestations in adult and pediatric patients with alpha-mannosidosis. Treatment with velmanase alfa reduces serum levels of oligosaccharides, increases levels of immunoglobulin G, and improves patients' functional capacity and quality of life, although it is not effective for the neurologic phenotype because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Since the effects of velmanase alfa are more marked in children than adults, early diagnosis to allow early initiation of treatment has become more important. To support this, patient, parent/caregiver, and clinician awareness and education is imperative. A number of approaches can be taken to meet this goal, such as the development of disease registries, validated diagnostic algorithms, and screening tools, improved under-/post-graduate clinician education, easily accessible and reliable information for patients/families (such as that made available on the internet), and the formation of patient advocacy groups. Such approaches may raise awareness of alpha-mannosidosis, reduce the diagnostic delay and thus improve the lives of those affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Santoro
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Pediatrics, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ospedali Riuniti, Presidio Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Graziella Cefalo
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | - Maurizio Scarpa
- Regional Coordinating Center for Rare Diseases, Udine University Hospital, P.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, Udine 33100, Italy.
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Uguen K, Redon S, Rouault K, Pensec M, Benech C, Schutz S, Zanlonghi X, Nadjar Y, Le Maréchal C, Férec C, Audebert-Bellanger S. An unusual diagnosis of alpha-mannosidosis with ocular anomalies: Behind the scenes of a hidden copy number variation. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63532. [PMID: 38192009 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the MAN2B1 gene and characterized by a wide clinical heterogeneity. Diagnosis for this multisystemic disorder is confirmed by the presence of either a deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-mannosidase or biallelic mutations in the MAN2B1 gene. This diagnosis confirmation is crucial for both clinical management and genetic counseling purposes. Here we describe a late diagnosis of alpha-mannosidosis in a patient presenting with syndromic intellectual disability, and a rare retinopathy, where reverse phenotyping played a pivotal role in interpreting the exome sequencing result. While a first missense variant was classified as a variant of uncertain significance, the phenotype-guided analysis helped us detect and interpret an in-trans apparent alu-element insertion, which appeared to be a copy number variant (CNV) not identified by the CNV caller. A biochemical analysis showing abnormal excretion of urinary mannosyloligosaccharide and an enzyme assay permitted the re-classification of the missense variant to likely pathogenic, establishing the diagnosis of alpha-mannosidosis. This work emphasizes the importance of reverse phenotyping in the context of exome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Uguen
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Sylvia Redon
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Karen Rouault
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Marine Pensec
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Caroline Benech
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Sacha Schutz
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Xavier Zanlonghi
- Centre de compétence maladie rare, Service d'Ophtalmologie, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Yann Nadjar
- Département de Neurologie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Lysosomales, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP.Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Le Maréchal
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Claude Férec
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
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AlAnzi T, Mohamed S, AlHashem A, AlRukban H. Prenatal Diagnosis of c.437-1G>A Mutation in the MAN2B1 Gene in a Family With Alpha-Mannosidosis: Unraveling Clinical Presentation and Treatment Outcomes in a Novel Prenatal Case. Cureus 2024; 16:e58922. [PMID: 38800253 PMCID: PMC11121650 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with progressive impairments in motor functions, skeletal deformities, and immunodeficiency. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) should be initiated early to achieve optimal outcomes. This report describes how alpha-mannosidosis diagnosis in a seven-year-old girl led to a successful prenatal diagnosis in the subsequent pregnancy and pre-symptomatic treatment at the early disease stage. The index patient was a seven-year-old girl who was referred with a confirmed diagnosis of alpha-mannosidosis based on the presence of homozygous c.437-1G>A mutation in the MAN2B1 gene. A prenatal diagnosis was made in the subsequent pregnancy through molecular analysis, which revealed the same homozygous variant. The patient was treated at the fifth week of age and showed mild skeletal involvement and normal development at ERT initiation. At 11 months of age, the ERT level increased to 15.8 µmol/l/h. The motor assessment showed that the patient was developmentally normal and was able to maintain her sitting and walking for a few steps only. Prenatal molecular screening in affected families can allow for the early identification and implementation of appropriate management strategies for alpha-mannosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talal AlAnzi
- Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, SAU
| | - Sarar Mohamed
- Division of Genetics and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Amal AlHashem
- Division of Genetics and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Hadeel AlRukban
- Division of Genetics and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
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Köse E, Kasapkara ÇS, İnci A, Yıldız Y, Sürücü Kara İ, Kahraman AB, Tümer L, Dursun A, Eminoğlu FT. Long-term clinical evaluation of patients with alpha-mannosidosis - A multicenter study. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 68:104927. [PMID: 38382588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha mannosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the MAN2B1 gene. It manifests with clinical features, including intellectual disability, hearing impairment, coarse facial appearance, skeletal anomalies, immunodeficiency, central nervous system involvement, psychiatric comorbidities, corneal opacity, and hepatosplenomegaly. This multicenter study assesses the long-term outcomes of individuals diagnosed with alpha-mannosidosis, examining demographic, clinical, laboratory, and molecular characteristics. METHOD Sixteen patients diagnosed with alpha-mannosidosis who presented to four pediatric metabolic units were included in the study. The patients' medical records were analyzed and data on demographics, clinical presentation and laboratory findings were recorded. RESULTS Of the 16 patients (6 females, 10 males) with alpha mannosidosis included in the study, the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 79.4 ± 56.1 (16-208) months, and the mean diagnosis delay time was 57.9 ± 51.9 (4-181) months. Hearing loss was the primary manifestation found in seven out of 16 patients (43.8%), followed by speech delay in 37.8%. On clinical follow-up, 87.5% of patients experienced recurrent infections, mainly in the upper respiratory tract, with 12 requiring the use of a hearing aid. Hepatomegaly was found in six out of 13 patients who received abdominal ultrasonography; two out of 12 patients who underwent echocardiography were found to have mitral valve prolapse (16.6%). Upon neurological evaluation, five patients displayed no neurological manifestation. Delayed language development was observed in nine (56.3%) patients, intellectual disability in eight (50%) patients, and hypertonicity was identified in one (6.3%) patient with the severe form of the disease. Homozygous c.2477C>A (p.Ser826Ter) and homozygous c.967G>A (p.Glu323Lys) novel variants were detected in four patients and one patient, respectively. The most common variant observed in the study was c.2477C>A (p.Ser826Ter). CONCLUSION The present study identified two novel MAN2B1 variants. An evaluation of the long-term outcome of alpha-mannosidosis, in which the early initiation of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) may lead to a better clinical outcome, can permit a better analysis of the effect of ERT on the natural progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engin Köse
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara University Rare Diseases Application and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Çiğdem Seher Kasapkara
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aslı İnci
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yılmaz Yıldız
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlknur Sürücü Kara
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayça Burcu Kahraman
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Leyla Tümer
- Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Dursun
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Tuba Eminoğlu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara University Rare Diseases Application and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey
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Bertolini A, Rigoldi M, Cianflone A, Mariani R, Piperno A, Canonico F, Cefalo G, Carubbi F, Simonati A, Urban ML, Beccari T, Parini R. Long-term outcome of a cohort of Italian patients affected with alpha-Mannosidosis. Clin Dysmorphol 2024; 33:1-8. [PMID: 37791705 PMCID: PMC10702697 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis (MIM #248500) is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease with multi-system involvement and a wide phenotypic spectrum. Information on long-term outcomes remains poor. We present the long-term outcomes (median, 19 years) of nine patients with alpha-mannosidosis, three females and six males, followed at a single center. The findings of the nine patients were collected from medical records and reported as mean ± SD or median, and range. The age of onset of the first symptoms ranged from 0-1 to 10 years. The diagnostic delay ranged from 2 to 22 years (median= 11 years). Coarse face, hearing, heart valves, joints, gait, language, dysarthria, psychiatric symptoms, I.Q., MRI, walking disabilities, orthopedic disturbances and surgeries showed a slow worsening over the decades. Our patients showed a slowly worsening progressive outcome over the decades. Psychiatric symptoms were present in 100% of our population and improved with the appropriate pharmacological intervention. This aspect requires attention when following up on these patients. Our description of the long-term evolution of alpha-mannosidosis patients may provide basic knowledge for understanding the effects of specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bertolini
- Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital IRCCS, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Miriam Rigoldi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases Aldo e Cele Daccò, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Annalia Cianflone
- Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital IRCCS, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mariani
- Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital IRCCS, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alberto Piperno
- Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital IRCCS, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Canonico
- Department of Radiology, San Gerardo Hospital IRCCS, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Graziella Cefalo
- Clinical Department of Pediatrics, San Paolo Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Carubbi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, NOCSAE Hospital, AOU Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Simonati
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona School of Medicine, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Urban
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rossella Parini
- Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital IRCCS, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Leong M, Sathi B, Davis A, Hamid S, Wu S, Woods J, Kharbanda S, Li X, Hou J. Alpha-mannosidosis: a case with novel ultrastructural and light microscopy findings. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 36:1186-1190. [PMID: 37979187 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare genetic lysosomal storage condition leading to the systemic buildup of oligomannoside. Clinical presentation and associated conditions, as well as the full extent of histopathologic changes associated with this disease process, are not fully understood. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of an 8-year-1-month old patient with persistent anemia and who was initially diagnosed with Celiac disease before ultimately being diagnosed with alpha-mannosidosis. As part of his diagnostic work-up, duodenal and bone marrow biopsies were examined by pathology. Duodenal biopsies showed foamy plasma cells expanding the lamina propria which triggered a workup for a genetic storage disease; features suggestive of Celiac disease which resolved on gluten-free diet were also noted by pathology. Bone marrow analysis via electron microscopy showed cytoplasmic granules and inclusions in multiple immune cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Alpha-mannosidosis can occur with Celiac disease and milder forms may only be suspected from incidental pathology findings. The ultrastructural bone marrow findings from this case, the first to be reported from human, show numerous disease-associated changes in multiple immune cell lines whose contribution to disease-associated immunodeficiency is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Leong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bindu Sathi
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, CA, USA
| | - Amy Davis
- Department of Pathology, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, CA, USA
| | - Syed Hamid
- Department of Gastroenterology, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, CA, USA
| | - Sandy Wu
- Department of Pathology, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Woods
- Department of Pediatrics, Valley Children's Hospital, Madera, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sandhya Kharbanda
- Department of Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaomo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jean Hou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Park JE, Lee T, Ha K, Cho EH, Ki CS. Carrier frequency and incidence of alpha-mannosidosis: population database-based study-focus on the East Asian and Korean population. Front Genet 2023; 14:1297543. [PMID: 38107468 PMCID: PMC10725197 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1297543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alpha-mannosidosis caused by mutations in the MAN2B1 gene is a rare genetic disorder characterized by physical abnormalities and intellectual disabilities. The objective of this study was to analyze the carrier frequency and estimated incidence of alpha-mannosidosis in East Asian populations, as limited data exists on its incidence in this group. Methods: In this study, a total of 125,748 exomes from the gnomAD database was analyzed. Additionally, 5,305 data from the KOVA and 1,722 data from the KRGDB, both representing Korean populations, were included. Results: The global carrier frequency of alpha-mannosidosis in gnomAD was 0.23%; the highest carrier frequency was observed in the Finnish at 0.49%, and East Asians had the second highest carrier frequency at 0.30%. Globally, the approximate incidence of alpha-mannosidosis was calculated at 1 in 784,535, l in 166,801 Europeans (Finnish), and l in 431,689 East Asians. By integrating the data from the 8,936 Koreans in gnomAD Korean, KOVA and KRGDB, the carrier frequency of alpha-mannosidosis in the Korean population was 0.04% and estimated incidence was 1 in 19,963,024. Conclusion: This study is the first to investigate the carrier frequencies of alpha-mannosidosis in East Asians and Koreans, including specific subpopulations, utilizing gnomAD and the Korean genomic database. The variant spectrum of MAN2B1 genes in East Asians showed significant differences compared to other ethnic groups. Our data provide valuable reference information for future investigations into alpha-mannosidosis, aiding in understanding the genetic diversity and specific variants associated with the condition in East Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Eun Hye Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sheth J, Nair A, Jee B. Lysosomal storage disorders: from biology to the clinic with reference to India. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2023; 9:100108. [PMID: 37383036 PMCID: PMC10305895 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of seventy different metabolic storage diseases due to accumulation of substrate mainly in the form of carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, and cellular debris. They occur due to variant in different genes that regulate lysosomal enzymes synthesis, transport, and secretion. In recent years, due to an increased availability of various therapies to treat these disorders, and increased diagnostic tools, there has been an escalated awareness of LSDs. Due to heterogeneous population and various social reasons, India is likely to have a high frequency of LSDs. Therefore, to understand the burden of various LSDs, its molecular spectrum, and understanding the phenotype-genotype correlation, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and Department of Health Research (DHR), Government of India had set up a task force in the year 2015. It has resulted in identifying common LSDs, and founder variant for some of the storage disorders and molecular spectrum of various LSDs across the country. This review describes in detail the spectrum of LSDs, its molecular epidemiology and prevention in context to Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380015, India
| | - Aadhira Nair
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Jodhpur Gam Road, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380015, India
| | - Babban Jee
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, 2nd Floor, IRCS Building, Red Cross Road, New Delhi 110001, India
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Die α-Mannosidose: eine seltene, aber unterdiagnostizierte Erkrankung? Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungBei der α‑Mannosidose handelt es sich um eine seltene lysosomale Speichererkrankung, bedingt durch eine autosomal-rezessiv vererbte Defizienz der α‑Mannosidase. Die Erkrankung weist ein breites klinisches Spektrum mit chronisch progredientem Verlauf auf. Charakteristische klinische Zeichen in den ersten Lebensjahren sind Hörminderung, Entwicklungsverzögerung, rezidivierende Infekte und/oder faziale Dysmorphie. Im weiteren Verlauf der Erkrankung manifestieren sich zunehmende skeletale Probleme und eine Ataxie, beide zu Immobilität führend. Im Gegensatz zu anderen lysosomalen Speichererkrankungen zeigt sich nach dem 20. Lebensjahr meist kein weiterer Verlust kognitiver Fähigkeiten. Ab dem Alter von 15 Jahren entwickeln ca. 25 % der Patienten psychiatrische Symptome. Aufgrund der Seltenheit der Erkrankung werden viele Patienten verspätet, z. T. erst im Erwachsenenalter, diagnostiziert.Mittlerweile stehen 2 Therapieoptionen zur Behandlung der α‑Mannosidose zur Verfügung. Bei frühzeitiger Diagnosestellung ist die hämatopoetische Stammzelltransplantation eine wichtige therapeutische Option mit potenziell positivem Effekt auf die neurokognitive Entwicklung. Die Enzymersatztherapie mit Velmanase alfa ist seit 2018 in Europa zugelassen und eine therapeutische Option zur Behandlung der nichtneurologischen Manifestationen bei α‑Mannosidose. Sie hat jedoch keinen Einfluss auf neurologische Manifestationen der Erkrankung.Zur Verbesserung der Diagnostik von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit der seltenen Erkrankung α‑Mannosidose möchte dieser Beitrag das Wissen um und das Bewusstsein für diese Erkrankung schärfen. Die frühe Diagnose einer α‑Mannosidose erspart nicht nur den Familien einen jahrelangen diagnostischen Leidensweg, sondern ermöglicht auch den betroffenen Patienten ein verbessertes Auskommen durch einen frühen Therapiestart.
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Hennermann JB, Raebel EM, Donà F, Jacquemont ML, Cefalo G, Ballabeni A, Malm D. Mortality in patients with alpha-mannosidosis: a review of patients' data and the literature. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:287. [PMID: 35871018 PMCID: PMC9308362 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by reduced activity of alpha-mannosidase. Clinical manifestations include skeletal dysmorphism, mental impairment, hearing loss and recurrent infections. The severe type of the disease leads to early childhood death, while patients with milder forms can live into adulthood. There are no mortality studies to date. This study aimed to investigate the age at death and the causes of death of patients with alpha-mannosidosis who had not received disease-modifying treatment. METHODS Clinicians and LSD patient organisations (POs) from 33 countries were invited to complete a questionnaire between April-May 2021. Cause of death and age at death was available for 15 patients. A literature review identified seven deceased patients that met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Median age at death for patients reported by clinicians/POs was 45 years (mean 40.3 ± 13.2, range 18-56, n = 15); 53% were female. One death occurred during the patient's second decade of life, and 14 out of 15 deaths (93.3%) during or after the patients' third decade, including four (26.7%) during their sixth decade. Median age at death for patients identified from the literature was 4.3 years (mean 15.7 ± 17.0, range 2.2-41, n = 7); two were female. Four of the seven patients (57.1%) died within the first decade of life. Seven of 15 deaths (46.7%) reported by clinicians/POs were recorded as pneumonia and three (20.0%) as cancer. Other causes of death included acute renal failure due to sepsis after intestinal perforation, decrease of red blood cells of unknown origin, kidney failure with systemic lupus erythematosus, aortic valve insufficiency leading to heart failure, and dehydration due to catatonia. Three out of seven causes of death (42.9%) reported in the literature were associated with septicaemia, two (28.6%) with respiratory failure and one to pneumonia following aspiration. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that pneumonia has been the primary cause of death during recent decades in untreated patients with alpha-mannosidosis, followed by cancer. Determining the causes of mortality and life expectancy in these patients is crucial to further improve our understanding of the natural history of alpha-mannosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia B. Hennermann
- grid.410607.4Villa Metabolica, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Francesca Donà
- grid.467287.80000 0004 1761 6733Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Marie-Line Jacquemont
- grid.440886.60000 0004 0594 5118Génétique Médicale, CHU La Réunion Site GHSR, Saint Pierre, France
| | - Graziella Cefalo
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabeni
- grid.467287.80000 0004 1761 6733Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Dag Malm
- Tromsø Centre of Internal Medicine, Tromsø, Norway
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Ricci S, Cacialli P. Stem Cell Research Tools in Human Metabolic Disorders: An Overview. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102681. [PMID: 34685661 PMCID: PMC8534517 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are very common in the population worldwide and are among the diseases with the highest health utilization and costs per person. Despite the ongoing efforts to develop new treatments, currently, for many of these disorders, there are no approved therapies, resulting in a huge economic hit and tension for society. In this review, we recapitulate the recent advancements in stem cell (gene) therapy as potential tools for the long-term treatment of both inherited (lysosomal storage diseases) and acquired (diabetes mellitus, obesity) metabolic disorders, focusing on the main promising results observed in human patients and discussing the critical hurdles preventing the definitive jump of this approach from the bench to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Ricci
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Pietro Cacialli
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Walkley SU. Rethinking lysosomes and lysosomal disease. Neurosci Lett 2021; 762:136155. [PMID: 34358625 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases were recognized and defined over a century ago as a class of disorders affecting mostly children and causing systemic disease often accompanied by major neurological consequences. Since their discovery, research focused on understanding their causes has been an important driver of our ever-expanding knowledge of cell biology and the central role that lysosomes play in cell function. Today we recognize over 50 so-called storage diseases, with most understood at the level of gene, protein and pathway involvement, but few fully clarified in terms of how the defective lysosomal function causes brain disease; even fewer have therapies that can effectively rescue brain function. Importantly, we also recognize that storage diseases are not simply a class of lysosomal disorders all by themselves, as increasingly a critical role for the greater lysosomal system with its endosomal, autophagosomal and salvage streams has also emerged in a host of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite persistent challenges across all aspects of these complex disorders, and as reflected in this and other articles focused on lysosomal storage diseases in this special issue of Neuroscience Letters, the progress and promise to both understand and effectively treat these conditions has never been greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven U Walkley
- Department of Neuroscience, Rose F. Kennedy Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Graceffa V. Clinical Development of Cell Therapies to Halt Lysosomal Storage Diseases: Results and Lessons Learned. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 22:191-213. [PMID: 34323185 DOI: 10.2174/1566523221666210728141924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although cross-correction was discovered more than 50 years ago, and held the promise of drastically improving disease management, still no cure exists for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). Cell therapies hold the potential to halt disease progression: either a subset of autologous cells can be ex vivo/ in vivo transfected with the functional gene or allogenic wild type stem cells can be transplanted. However, majority of cell-based attempts have been ineffective, due to the difficulties in reversing neuronal symptomatology, in finding appropriate gene transfection approaches, in inducing immune tolerance, reducing the risk of graft versus host disease (GVHD) when allogenic cells are used and that of immune response when engineered viruses are administered, coupled with a limited secretion and uptake of some enzymes. In the last decade, due to advances in our understanding of lysosomal biology and mechanisms of cross-correction, coupled with progresses in gene therapy, ongoing pre-clinical and clinical investigations have remarkably increased. Even gene editing approaches are currently under clinical experimentation. This review proposes to critically discuss and compare trends and advances in cell-based and gene therapy for LSDs. Systemic gene delivery and transplantation of allogenic stem cells will be initially discussed, whereas proposed brain targeting methods will be then critically outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Graceffa
- Cellular Health and Toxicology Research Group (CHAT), Institute of Technology Sligo, Ash Ln, Bellanode, Sligo, Ireland
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Marchetti M, Faggiano S, Mozzarelli A. Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Genetic Disorders Associated with Enzyme Deficiency. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:489-525. [PMID: 34042028 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210526144654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in human genes might lead to loss of functional proteins, causing diseases. Among these genetic disorders, a large class is associated with the deficiency in metabolic enzymes, resulting in both an increase in the concentration of substrates and a loss in the metabolites produced by the catalyzed reactions. The identification of therapeutic actions based on small molecules represents a challenge to medicinal chemists because the target is missing. Alternative approaches are biology-based, ranging from gene and stem cell therapy, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, distinct types of RNAs, and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). This review will focus on the latter approach that since the 1990s has been successfully applied to cure many rare diseases, most of them being lysosomal storage diseases or metabolic diseases. So far, a dozen enzymes have been approved by FDA/EMA for lysosome storage disorders and only a few for metabolic diseases. Enzymes for replacement therapy are mainly produced in mammalian cells and some in plant cells and yeasts and are further processed to obtain active, highly bioavailable, less degradable products. Issues still under investigation for the increase in ERT efficacy are the optimization of enzymes interaction with cell membrane and internalization, the reduction in immunogenicity, and the overcoming of blood-brain barrier limitations when neuronal cells need to be targeted. Overall, ERT has demonstrated its efficacy and safety in the treatment of many genetic rare diseases, both saving newborn lives and improving patients' life quality, and represents a very successful example of targeted biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialaura Marchetti
- Biopharmanet-TEC Interdepartmental Center, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, Bldg 33., 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Serena Faggiano
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 23/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Mozzarelli
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Precision Medicine for Lysosomal Disorders. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081110. [PMID: 32722587 PMCID: PMC7463721 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine (PM) is an emerging approach for disease treatment and prevention that accounts for the individual variability in the genes, environment, and lifestyle of each person. Lysosomal diseases (LDs) are a group of genetic metabolic disorders that include approximately 70 monogenic conditions caused by a defect in lysosomal function. LDs may result from primary lysosomal enzyme deficiencies or impairments in membrane-associated proteins, lysosomal enzyme activators, or modifiers that affect lysosomal function. LDs are heterogeneous disorders, and the phenotype of the affected individual depends on the type of substrate and where it accumulates, which may be impacted by the type of genetic change and residual enzymatic activity. LDs are individually rare, with a combined incidence of approximately 1:4000 individuals. Specific therapies are already available for several LDs, and many more are in development. Early identification may enable disease course prediction and a specific intervention, which is very important for clinical outcome. Driven by advances in omics technology, PM aims to provide the most appropriate management for each patient based on the disease susceptibility or treatment response predictions for specific subgroups. In this review, we focused on the emerging diagnostic technologies that may help to optimize the management of each LD patient and the therapeutic options available, as well as in clinical developments that enable customized approaches to be selected for each subject, according to the principles of PM.
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Naumchik BM, Gupta A, Flanagan-Steet H, Steet RA, Cathey SS, Orchard PJ, Lund TC. The Role of Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in the Glycoprotein Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061411. [PMID: 32517081 PMCID: PMC7348849 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein disorders are a group of lysosomal storage diseases (α-mannosidosis, aspartylglucosaminuria, β-mannosidosis, fucosidosis, galactosialidosis, sialidosis, mucolipidosis II, mucolipidosis III, and Schindler Disease) characterized by specific lysosomal enzyme defects and resultant buildup of undegraded glycoprotein substrates. This buildup causes a multitude of abnormalities in patients including skeletal dysplasia, inflammation, ocular abnormalities, liver and spleen enlargement, myoclonus, ataxia, psychomotor delay, and mild to severe neurodegeneration. Pharmacological treatment options exist through enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for a few, but therapies for this group of disorders is largely lacking. Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) has been explored as a potential therapeutic option for many of these disorders, as HCT introduces functional enzyme-producing cells into the bone marrow and blood along with the engraftment of healthy donor cells in the central nervous system (presumably as brain macrophages or a type of microglial cell). The outcome of HCT varies widely by disease type. We report our institutional experience with HCT as well as a review of the literature to better understand HCT and outcomes for the glycoprotein disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M. Naumchik
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | | | - Richard A. Steet
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA; (H.F.-S.); (R.A.S.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Sara S. Cathey
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA; (H.F.-S.); (R.A.S.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Paul J. Orchard
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Troy C. Lund
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +612-625-4185
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Phillips D, Hennermann JB, Tylki-Szymanska A, Borgwardt L, Gil-Campos M, Guffon N, Amraoui Y, Geraci S, Ardigò D, Cattaneo F, Lund AM. Use of the Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency (BOT-2) to assess efficacy of velmanase alfa as enzyme therapy for alpha-mannosidosis. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 23:100586. [PMID: 32292699 PMCID: PMC7149402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficient lysosomal alpha-mannosidase activity. Clinical manifestations include progressive balance disorders, immune deficiency, skeletal abnormalities and cognitive deficits beginning in early childhood. Enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (velmanase alfa) is scheduled for clinical development in the US beginning in 2020 and has been approved in the EU for treatment of non-neurological manifestations in cases of mild to moderate disease. This study assessed effects of velmanase alfa on fine and gross motor proficiency in children and adults. Methods Integrated Bruininks-Oseretsky (BOT-2) test of Motor Proficiency data from velmanase alfa clinical trials was stratified by age for 14 adults and 19 children treated for up to 4 years. Results Patients showed global developmental delays at baseline. For the combined adult and pediatric group there was a statistically significant increase (improvement) in BOT-2 total point score of 13% (p = .035, 95% CI 1.0, 25.0) from baseline to last observation. When stratified by pediatric versus adult patients, there was improvement in BOT-2 total point score in patients <18 years (mean percent increase from baseline to last observation 23%) compared to adults (mean decrease of −0.7%). Subtest analysis of individual BOT-2 items captured some improvement following velmanase alfa treatment in pediatric patients. Conclusions There was limited ability to assess the BOT-2 change responses in adults. Pediatric patients showed stability or improvement in scaled scores relative to healthy peers, indicating continued skill acquisition, which may increase independence and contribute to improved patient quality of life. Alpha-mannosidosis patients have global developmental delay, requiring assistance with many activities of daily living. BOT-2 is used to assess improvements in functional capacity in children and young adults. Pediatric patients showed stability or improvement in BOT-2 scaled scores relative to healthy peers, indicating continued skill acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Phillips
- UNC Chapel Hill, Division of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Corresponding author at: 1104 Willow Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, United States of America.
| | - Julia B. Hennermann
- University Medical Centre Mainz, Dept. Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Villa Metabolica, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymanska
- Department of Paediatric, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Line Borgwardt
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Paediatrics and Department of Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Metabolism and Pediatric Research Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Cordoba, Unidad de Metabolismo e Investigación Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, CIBERObn, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Nathalie Guffon
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Femme Mere Enfant Hospital, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Allan M. Lund
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Paediatrics and Department of Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Cathey SS, Sarasua SM, Simensen R, Pietris K, Kimbrell G, Sillence D, Wilson C, Horowitz L. Intellectual functioning in alpha-mannosidosis. JIMD Rep 2019; 50:44-49. [PMID: 31741826 PMCID: PMC6850974 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare inherited metabolic disorder (OMIM #248500) caused by mutations in the enzyme α-mannosidase encoded by the gene MAN2B1. Patients have distinct physical and developmental features, but only limited information regarding standardized cognitive functioning of patients has been published. Here we contribute intellectual ability scores (IQ) on 12 patients with alpha-mannosidosis (ages 8-59 years, 10 males, 2 females). In addition, a pooled analysis was performed with data collected from this investigation and 31 cases obtained from the literature, allowing a comprehensive analysis of intellectual functioning in this rare disease. The initial and pooled analyses show that patients with alpha-mannosidosis have variable degrees of intellectual disability but show decline in IQ with age, particularly during the first decade of life. Patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation tend to show stabilized cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara M. Sarasua
- Greenwood Genetic CenterGreenwoodSouth Carolina
- Clemson UniversitySchool of NursingClemsonSouth Carolina
| | | | | | | | - David Sillence
- Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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21
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Zielonka M, Garbade SF, Kölker S, Hoffmann GF, Ries M. Ultra-orphan lysosomal storage diseases: A cross-sectional quantitative analysis of the natural history of alpha-mannosidosis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:975-983. [PMID: 31222755 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis (OMIM 248500) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-mannosidase. Recently, enzyme replacement therapy was approved in the European Union for the treatment of alpha-mannosidosis, but evaluation regarding long-term efficacy and safety is hard to assess due to missing quantitative natural history data, in particular survival. We performed a quantitative analysis of published cases (N = 111) with alpha-mannosidosis. Main outcome measures were age of disease onset, diagnostic delay and survival (overall and by subgroup exploration). Residual alpha-mannosidase activity and age of onset were explored as potential predictors of survival. STROBE criteria were respected. Median age of onset was 12 months. Median diagnostic delay was 6 years. At the age of 41 years 72.3% of patients were alive (N = 111). Residual alpha-mannosidase activity (N = 34) predicted survival: Patients with a residual alpha-mannosidase activity below or equal to 4.5% of normal in fibroblasts had a median survival of 3.5 years, whereas patients with alpha-mannosidase activity above this threshold all survived during the observation period reported. Patients with age of onset above 7 years survived significantly longer than patients with age of onset below or equal to 7 years. Patient distribution was panethnic with hotspots in the United States and Germany. We defined age of onset, diagnostic delay, and survival characteristics in a global cohort of 111 patients with alpha-mannosidosis by retrospective quantitative natural history modeling. These data expand the quantitative understanding of the clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Zielonka
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Research Center for Molecular Medicine (HRCMM), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven F Garbade
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Ries
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Virtual Patients, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Lehalle D, Colombo R, O'Grady M, Héron B, Houcinat N, Kuentz P, Moutton S, Sorlin A, Thevenon J, Delanne J, Gay S, Racine C, Garde A, Tran Mau-Them F, Philippe C, Vitobello A, Nambot S, Huet F, Duffourd Y, Feillet F, Thauvin-Robinet C, Marlin S, Faivre L. Hearing impairment as an early sign of alpha-mannosidosis in children with a mild phenotype: Report of seven new cases. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:1756-1763. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Lehalle
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Catholic University, IRCCS Policlinico Agostino Gemelli; Rome Italy
- Center for the Study of Rare Inherited Diseases; Niguarda Ca' Granda Metropolitan Hospital; Milan Italy
| | - Michael O'Grady
- Department of Paediatrics; Midland Regional Hospital; Mullingar Western Australia Australia
| | - Bénédicte Héron
- Centre de référence des maladies lysosomales, Service de Neuropédiatrie; Hôpital Armand Trousseau- La Roche Guyon, APHP; Paris France
- GRC N°19, Université Paris-Sorbonne; Paris France
| | - Nada Houcinat
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Sebastien Moutton
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Arthur Sorlin
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Julian Delanne
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Sebastien Gay
- Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier; Chalon-sur-Saône France
| | - Caroline Racine
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Aurore Garde
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Frédéric Tran Mau-Them
- FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté; Dijon France
- UF d'innovation en génétique moléculaire, Plateau technique de biologie, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
- UF d'innovation en génétique moléculaire, Plateau technique de biologie, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
- UF d'innovation en génétique moléculaire, Plateau technique de biologie, CHU; Dijon France
| | - Sophie Nambot
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Frédéric Huet
- Centre de compétence maladies métaboliques, Hôpital d'Enfants; Dijon France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - François Feillet
- Centre de référence Maladies Métaboliques, CHU Nancy; Nancy France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
- FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
| | - Sandrine Marlin
- Centre de référence des Surdités Génétiques, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP; Paris France
- INSERM UMR_S1163, IHU Imagine - Institut des Maladies Génétiques - Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares ‘Anomalies du Développement’ de l'Interrégion Est; Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU; Dijon France
- FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté; Dijon France
- Equipe GAD (Génétique des Anomalies du Développement), UMR INSERM 1231, Université de Bourgogne; Dijon France
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23
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Adam J, Malone R, Lloyd S, Lee J, Hendriksz CJ, Ramaswami U. Disease progression of alpha-mannosidosis and impact on patients and carers - A UK natural history survey. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019; 20:100480. [PMID: 31198684 PMCID: PMC6557729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alpha-mannosidosis is an ultra-rare lysosomal storage disorder resulting from the deficient activity of lysosomal alpha-mannosidase. Alpha-mannosidosis presents as a highly heterogenous condition with large variations in symptom severity and disease progression rates. Quantitative and qualitative data for alpha-mannosidosis patients and their caregivers provide important insights into their daily experiences. Methods A survey of nine alpha-mannosidosis patients was carried out in the UK between August 2017 and January 2018. Patient demographics, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and qualitative data from patients and carers relating to clinical characteristics and impact of the disease and treatment were analysed. Results At the time of survey completion, patient age ranged from 7 to 37 years. Five patients were described as 'walking unassisted', one as 'walking with assistance', one as 'wheelchair-dependent', and two as 'severely immobile'. In addition to best supportive care, three patients had received haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and one had received velmanase alfa enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Patient HRQoL results for the EQ-5D-5 L questionnaire and the Health Utilities Index-3 showed that patients with more severe ambulatory health states reported lower utility values than patients who were more mobile. Patients who received HSCT or ERT experienced improved HRQoL. Carer HRQoL results for the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Caregiver Strain Index demonstrated that carers experience high levels of stress and anxiety from their caregiving responsibilities. Conclusions This survey confirmed the heterogeneity of alpha-mannosidosis and the large impact of the disease and treatment on patients, carers, and families. Early diagnosis and access to treatment offers the best chance of slowing the disease progression and may provide some relief to patients and carers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christian J Hendriksz
- Steve Biko Academic Unit, Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Uma Ramaswami
- Lysosomal Disorders Unit, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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24
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Lund TC, Miller WP, Eisengart JB, Simmons K, Pollard L, Renaud DL, Wenger DA, Patterson MC, Orchard PJ. Biochemical and clinical response after umbilical cord blood transplant in a boy with early childhood-onset beta-mannosidosis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00712. [PMID: 31115173 PMCID: PMC6625138 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficiency in the enzyme β-mannosidase was described over three decades ago. Although rare in occurrence, the presentation of childhood-onset β-mannosidase deficiency consists of hypotonia in the newborn period followed by global development delay, behavior problems, and intellectual disability. No effective pharmacologic treatments have been available. METHODS We report 2-year outcomes following the first umbilical cord blood transplant in a 4-year-old boy with early childhood-onset disease. RESULTS We show restoration of leukocyte β-mannosidase activity which remained normal at 2 years posttransplant, and a simultaneous increase in plasma β-mannosidase activity and dramatic decrease in urine-free oligosaccharides were also observed. MRI of the brain remained stable. Neurocognitive evaluation revealed test point gains, although the magnitude of improvement was less than expected for age, causing lower IQ scores that represent a wider developmental gap between the patient and unaffected peers. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that hematopoietic cell transplant can correct the biochemical defect in β-mannosidosis, although preservation of the neurocognitive trajectory may be a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy C Lund
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Julie B Eisengart
- Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Katrina Simmons
- Sanofi, Rare Disease Division, Sanofi Genzyme US, Bridgewater, New Jersey
| | - Laura Pollard
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, South Carolina
| | - Deborah L Renaud
- Department of Neurology, Department of Clinical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David A Wenger
- Lysosomal Diseases Testing Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marc C Patterson
- Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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25
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Rísquez-Cuadro R, Matsumoto R, Ortega-Caballero F, Nanba E, Higaki K, García Fernández JM, Ortiz Mellet C. Pharmacological Chaperones for the Treatment of α-Mannosidosis. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5832-5843. [PMID: 31017416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
α-Mannosidosis (AM) results from deficient lysosomal α-mannosidase (LAMAN) activity and subsequent substrate accumulation in the lysosome, leading to severe pathology. Many of the AM-causative mutations compromise enzyme folding and could be rescued with purpose-designed pharmacological chaperones (PCs). We found that PCs combining a LAMAN glycone-binding motif based on the 5 N,6 O-oxomethylidenemannojirimycin (OMJ) glycomimetic core and different aglycones, in either mono- or multivalent displays, elicit binding modes involving glycone and nonglycone enzyme regions that reinforce the protein folding and stabilization potential. Multivalent derivatives exhibited potent enzyme inhibition that generally prevailed over the chaperone effect. On the contrary, monovalent OMJ derivatives with LAMAN aglycone binding area-fitting substituents proved effective as activity enhancers for several mutant LAMAN forms in AM patient fibroblasts and/or transfected MAN2 B1-KO cells. This translated into a significant improvement in endosomal/lysosomal function, reverting not only the primary LAMAN substrate accumulation but also the additional downstream consequences such as cholesterol accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Rísquez-Cuadro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Sevilla , C/ Profesor García González 1 , 41012 Sevilla , Spain
| | - Reimi Matsumoto
- Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion , Tottori University , 86 Nishi-cho , Yonago 683-8503 , Japan
| | - Fernando Ortega-Caballero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Sevilla , C/ Profesor García González 1 , 41012 Sevilla , Spain
| | - Eiji Nanba
- Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion , Tottori University , 86 Nishi-cho , Yonago 683-8503 , Japan
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Organization for Research Initiative and Promotion , Tottori University , 86 Nishi-cho , Yonago 683-8503 , Japan
| | - José Manuel García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) , CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla , Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja , 41092 Sevilla , Spain
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Sevilla , C/ Profesor García González 1 , 41012 Sevilla , Spain
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26
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Guffon N, Tylki-Szymanska A, Borgwardt L, Lund AM, Gil-Campos M, Parini R, Hennermann JB. Recognition of alpha-mannosidosis in paediatric and adult patients: Presentation of a diagnostic algorithm from an international working group. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 126:470-474. [PMID: 30792122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is an ultra-rare progressive lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of alpha-mannosidase. Timely diagnosis of the disease has the potential to influence patient outcomes as preventive therapies can be initiated at an early stage. However, no internationally-recognised algorithm is currently available for the diagnosis of the disease. With the aim of developing a diagnostic algorithm for alpha-mannosidosis an international panel of experts met to reach a consensus by applying the nominal group technique. Two proposals were developed for diagnostic algorithms of alpha-mannosidosis, one for patients ≤10 years of age and one for those >10 years of age. In younger patients, hearing impairment and/or speech delay are the cardinal symptoms that should prompt the clinician to look for additional symptoms that may provide further diagnostic clues. Older patients have different clinical presentations, and the presence of mental retardation and motor impairment progression and/or psychiatric manifestations should prompt the clinician to assess for other symptoms. In both younger and older patients, either additional metabolic monitoring or referral for testing is warranted upon suspicion of disease. Oligosaccharides in urine (historically performed) or serum were considered as an initial screening procedure, while enzymatic activity may also be considered as first choice in some centres. Molecular testing should be performed as a final confirmatory step. The developed algorithms can easily be applied in a variety of settings, and may help to favour early diagnosis of alpha mannosidosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Guffon
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, Lyon, France.
| | - A Tylki-Szymanska
- Department of Paediatric, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Borgwardt
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A M Lund
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Gil-Campos
- Metabolism and Pediatric Research Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, CIBEROBN, Spain
| | - R Parini
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione MBBM, San Gerardo University Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - J B Hennermann
- University Medical Center Mainz, Dept. of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mainz, Germany
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27
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Wadhwa A, Chen Y, Holmqvist A, Wu J, Ness E, Parman M, Kung M, Hageman L, Francisco L, Braunlin E, Miller W, Lund T, Armenian S, Arora M, Orchard P, Bhatia S. Late Mortality after Allogeneic Blood or Marrow Transplantation for Inborn Errors of Metabolism: A Report from the Blood or Marrow Transplant Survivor Study-2 (BMTSS-2). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019; 25:328-334. [PMID: 30292746 PMCID: PMC9940306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) is currently considered the standard of care for patients with specific inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). However, there is a paucity of studies describing long-term survival and cause-specific late mortality after BMT in these patients with individual types of IEM. We studied 273 patients who had survived ≥2 years after allogeneic BMT for IEM performed between 1974 and 2014. The most prevalent IEM in our cohort were X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD; 37.3%), Hurler syndrome (35.1%), and metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD; 10.2%). Conditional on surviving ≥2 years after BMT, the overall survival for the entire cohort was 85.5 ± 2.4% at 10 years and 73.5 ± 3.7% at 20 years. The cohort had a 29-fold increased risk of late death compared with an age- and sex-matched cohort from the general US population (95% CI, 22- to 38-fold). The increased relative mortality was highest in the 2- to 5-year period after BMT (standardized mortality ratio [SMR], 207; 95% confidence interval [CI], 130 to 308) and declined with increasing time from BMT, but remained elevated for ≥21 years after BMT (SMR, 9; 95% CI, 4 to 18). Sequelae from the progression of primary disease were the most common causes of late mortality in this cohort (76%). The use of T cell-depleted grafts in patients with ALD and Hurler syndrome was a risk factor for late mortality. Younger age at BMT and use of busulfan and cyclosporine were protective in patients with Hurler syndrome. Our findings demonstrate relatively favorable overall survival in ≥2-year survivors of allogeneic BMT for IEM, although primary disease progression continues to be responsible for the majority of late deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Wadhwa
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Anna Holmqvist
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Ska ne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jessica Wu
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Emily Ness
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mariel Parman
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Michelle Kung
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lindsey Hageman
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Liton Francisco
- Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Elizabeth Braunlin
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Weston Miller
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota,Sangamo Therapeutics, Richmond, California
| | - Troy Lund
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Saro Armenian
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Mukta Arora
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Paul Orchard
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Smita Bhatia
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
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28
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Tan EY, Boelens JJ, Jones SA, Wynn RF. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Inborn Errors of Metabolism. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:433. [PMID: 31709204 PMCID: PMC6824291 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been established as an effective therapy for selected inborn errors of metabolism. The success of HSCT in metabolic disease is best exemplified through the treatment of Hurler's syndrome, a lysosomal storage disease. Through the collaborative effort of several international centers, factors that predict successful patient and transplant outcomes have been identified. In this review, we discuss the principles that underlie the use of HSCT in metabolic diseases. We consider the clinical indications, conditioning regimens, and disease-specific follow-up for HSCT in different metabolic diseases. We highlight persisting challenges in HSCT to delay progression of certain organ systems that remain refractory to HSCT and the relatively high rates of aplastic graft failure. Finally, we evaluate the variable applicability of these principles to other inherited metabolic disorders including peroxisomal, mitochondrial, and other lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Y Tan
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jaap Jan Boelens
- Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Simon A Jones
- Metabolic and Blood and Marrow Transplant Units, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert F Wynn
- Metabolic and Blood and Marrow Transplant Units, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
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29
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Lund AM, Borgwardt L, Cattaneo F, Ardigò D, Geraci S, Gil-Campos M, De Meirleir L, Laroche C, Dolhem P, Cole D, Tylki-Szymanska A, Lopez-Rodriguez M, Guillén-Navarro E, Dali CI, Héron B, Fogh J, Muschol N, Phillips D, Van den Hout JMH, Jones SA, Amraoui Y, Harmatz P, Guffon N. Comprehensive long-term efficacy and safety of recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (velmanase alfa) treatment in patients with alpha-mannosidosis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:1225-1233. [PMID: 29725868 PMCID: PMC6326957 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term outcome data provide important insights into the clinical utility of enzyme replacement therapies. Such data are presented for velmanase alfa in the treatment of alpha-mannosidosis (AM). METHODS Patient data (n = 33; 14 adults, 19 paediatric) from the clinical development programme for velmanase alfa were integrated in this prospectively-designed analysis of long-term efficacy and safety. Patients who participated in the phase I/II or phase III trials and were continuing to receive treatment after completion of the trials were invited to participate in a comprehensive evaluation visit to assess long-term outcomes. Primary endpoints were changes in serum oligosaccharide and the 3-minute stair climb test (3MSCT). RESULTS Mean (SD) treatment exposure was 29.3 (15.2) months. Serum oligosaccharide levels were significantly reduced in the overall population at 12 months (mean change: -72.7%, P < 0.001) and remained statistically significant at last observation (-62.8%, P < 0.001). A mean improvement of +9.3% in 3MSCT was observed at 12 months (P = 0.013), which also remained statistically significant at last observation (+13.8%, P = 0.004), with a more pronounced improvement detected in the paediatric subgroup. No treatment-emergent adverse events were reported leading to permanent treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Patients treated with velmanase alfa experienced improvements in biochemical and functional measures that were maintained for up to 4 years. Long term follow-up is important and further supports the use of velmanase alfa as an effective and well-tolerated treatment for AM. Based on the currently available data set, no baseline characteristic can be predictive of treatment outcome. Early treatment during paediatric age showed better outcome in functional endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan M Lund
- Departments of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Borgwardt
- Departments of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Unidad de Metabolismo e Investigación Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, Universidad de Córdoba, CIBERObn, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Linda De Meirleir
- Paediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Universitair Ziekenhuis, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Duncan Cole
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymanska
- Department of Paediatric, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- Medical Genetics Section, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERER-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christine I Dali
- Departments of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bénédicte Héron
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Centre de Référence des Maladies Lysosomales, and Sorbonne Université, GRC n°19, pathologies Congénitales du Cervelet-LeucoDystrophies, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicole Muschol
- International Center for Lysosomal Disorders, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - J M Hannerieke Van den Hout
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases (department of Pediatrics), Erasmus MC University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon A Jones
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Yasmina Amraoui
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Villa Metabolica, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Harmatz
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Nathalie Guffon
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Lyon, France
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Borgwardt L, Guffon N, Amraoui Y, Dali CI, De Meirleir L, Gil-Campos M, Heron B, Geraci S, Ardigò D, Cattaneo F, Fogh J, Van den Hout JMH, Beck M, Jones SA, Tylki-Szymanska A, Haugsted U, Lund AM. Efficacy and safety of Velmanase alfa in the treatment of patients with alpha-mannosidosis: results from the core and extension phase analysis of a phase III multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:1215-1223. [PMID: 29846843 PMCID: PMC6326984 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This phase III, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (and extension phase) was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of velmanase alfa (VA) in alpha-mannosidosis (AM) patients. METHODS Twenty-five patients were randomised to weekly 1 mg/kg VA or placebo for 52 weeks. At study conclusion, placebo patients switched to VA; 23 patients continued receiving VA in compassionate-use/follow-on studies and were evaluated in the extension phase [last observation (LO)]. Co-primary endpoints were changes in serum oligosaccharide (S-oligo) and in the 3-min stair-climb test (3MSCT). RESULTS Mean relative change in S-oligo in the VA arm was -77.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) -81.6 to -72.8] at week 52 and -62.9% (95% CI -85.8 to -40.0) at LO; mean relative change in the placebo arm was -24.1% (95% CI -40.3 to -3.6) at week 52 and -55.7% (95% CI -76.4 to -34.9) at LO after switch to active treatment. Mean relative change in 3MSCT at week 52 was -1.1% (95% CI -9.0 to 7.6) and - % (95% CI -13.4 to 6.5) for VA and placebo, respectively. At LO, the mean relative change was 3.9% (95% CI -5.5 to 13.2) in the VA arm and 9.0% (95% CI -10.3 to 28.3) in placebo patients after switch to active treatment. Similar improvement pattern was observed in secondary parameters. A post hoc analysis investigated whether some factors at baseline could account for treatment outcome; none of those factors were predictive of the response to VA, besides age. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the utility of VA for the treatment of AM, with more evident benefit over time and when treatment is started in the paediatric age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Borgwardt
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Nathalie Guffon
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Lyon, France
| | - Yasmina Amraoui
- Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Villa Metabolica, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christine I Dali
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda De Meirleir
- Paediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Universitair Ziekenhuis, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Unidad de Metabolismo e Investigación Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, Universidad de Córdoba, CIBERObn, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Bénédicte Heron
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Reference Center for Lysosomal Diseases, Trousseau Hospital, APHP, and GRC ConCer-LD, Sorbonne Universities, UPMC University 06, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - J M Hannerieke Van den Hout
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases (Department of Pediatrics), Erasmus MC University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Beck
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simon A Jones
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymanska
- Department of Paediatric, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ulla Haugsted
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan M Lund
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Sirrs S, Hannah-Shmouni F, Nantel S, Neuberger J, Yoshida EM. Transplantation as disease modifying therapy in adults with inherited metabolic disorders. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:885-896. [PMID: 29392586 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation is an established disease modifying therapy in selected children with certain inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs). Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells or solid organs can be used to partially correct the underlying metabolic defect, address life threatening disease manifestations (such as neutropenia) or correct organ failure caused by the disease process. Much less information is available on the use of transplantation in adults with IMDs. Transplantation is indicated for the same IMDs in adults as in children. Despite similar disease specific indications, the actual spectrum of diseases for which transplantation is used differs between these age groups and this is partly related to the natural history of disease. There are diseases (such as urea cycle defects and X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy) for which transplantation is recommended for selected symptomatic patients as a treatment strategy in both adults and children. In those diseases, the frequency with which transplantation is used in adults is lower than in children and this may be related in part to a reduced awareness of transplantation as a treatment strategy amongst adult clinicians as well as limited donor availability and allocation policies which may disadvantage adult patients with IMDs. Risks of transplantation and disease-specific prognostic factors influencing outcomes also differ with age. We review the use of transplantation as a disease modifying strategy in adults focusing on how this differs from use in children to highlight areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sirrs
- Divisions of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- , Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Fady Hannah-Shmouni
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Nantel
- Divisions of Hematology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Leukemia and Bone Marrow Transplant Program, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Eric M Yoshida
- Divisions of Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Matlach J, Zindel T, Amraoui Y, Arash-Kaps L, Hennermann JB, Pitz S. Retinal and optic nerve degeneration in α-mannosidosis. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:88. [PMID: 29859105 PMCID: PMC5984778 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0829-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background α-mannosidosis is a rare, autosomal-recessive, lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficient activity of α-mannosidase. Typical symptoms include intellectual, motor and hearing impairment, facial coarsening, and musculoskeletal abnormalities. Ocular pathologies reported previously were mainly opacities of the cornea and lens, strabismus, and ocular motility disorders. However, retinal and optic nerve degeneration have been rarely described. Methods We report ocular findings of 32 patients with α-mannosidosis. We particularly concentrated on retinal abnormalities which we supported by posterior segment examination, fundus photography, and Spectral-Domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging. Results Tapeto-retinal degeneration with bone spicule formations in the peripheral retina or macular changes were seen in three patients (9.4%) on funduscopy; of these, two with optic nerve atrophy. Eight retinal images could be obtained by OCT or fundus photography; of these, six showed thinning of the outer retinal layers on OCT. Overall, optic nerve atrophy was seen in six patients (18.8%); of these, four with partial atrophy. Two patients had partial optic nerve atrophy with no retinal abnormalities on funduscopy. Cataract was seen in two (6.3%), corneal haze also in two patients (6.3%). Six patients (18.8%) had manifest strabismus, four (12.5%) nystagmus, and in five patients (15.6%) impaired smooth pursuit eye movements were seen. Conclusion Ocular pathologies are not exclusively confined to opacities of the cornea and lens or strabismus and ocular motility disorders but tapeto-retinal degeneration and optic nerve atrophy may be a common feature in α-mannosidosis. OCT technology helps detecting early outer retinal thinning which can progress with age and potentially leads to vision loss over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Matlach
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Thea Zindel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yasmina Amraoui
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laila Arash-Kaps
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia B Hennermann
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Pitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Orbital Center, Ophthalmic Clinic, Bürgerhospital, Frankfurt, Germany
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33
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Ceccarini MR, Codini M, Conte C, Patria F, Cataldi S, Bertelli M, Albi E, Beccari T. Alpha-Mannosidosis: Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1500. [PMID: 29772816 PMCID: PMC5983820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis (α-mannosidosis) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the lysosomal α-d-mannosidase. So far, 155 variants from 191 patients have been identified and in part characterized at the biochemical level. Similarly to other lysosomal storage diseases, there is no relationship between genotype and phenotype in alpha-mannosidosis. Enzyme replacement therapy is at the moment the most effective therapy for lysosomal storage disease, including alpha-mannosidosis. In this review, the genetic of alpha-mannosidosis has been described together with the results so far obtained by two different therapeutic strategies: bone marrow transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy. The primary indication to offer hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients affected by alpha-mannosidosis is preservation of neurocognitive function and prevention of early death. The results obtained from a Phase I⁻II study and a Phase III study provide evidence of the positive clinical effect of the recombinant enzyme on patients with alpha-mannosidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rachele Ceccarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Federica Patria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Matteo Bertelli
- MAGI Human Medical Genetics Institute; laboratory of genetic diagnosis of rare diseases, 38068 Rovereto, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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Gambello MJ, Li H. Current strategies for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism. J Genet Genomics 2018; 45:61-70. [PMID: 29500085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a large group of inherited disorders characterized by disruption of metabolic pathways due to deficient enzymes, cofactors, or transporters. The rapid advances in the understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of many IEMs, have led to significant progress in the development of many new treatments. The institution and continued expansion of newborn screening provide the opportunity for early treatment, leading to reduced morbidity and mortality. This review provides an overview of the diverse therapeutic approaches and recent advances in the treatment of IEMs that focus on the basic principles of reducing substrate accumulation, replacing or enhancing absent or reduced enzyme or cofactor, and supplementing product deficiency. In addition, the challenges and obstacles of current treatment modalities and future treatment perspectives are reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Gambello
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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35
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Stroobants S, Damme M, Van der Jeugd A, Vermaercke B, Andersson C, Fogh J, Saftig P, Blanz J, D'Hooge R. Long-term enzyme replacement therapy improves neurocognitive functioning and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in immune-tolerant alpha-mannosidosis mice. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 106:255-268. [PMID: 28720484 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is a glycoproteinosis caused by deficiency of lysosomal acid alpha-mannosidase (LAMAN), which markedly affects neurons of the central nervous system (CNS), and causes pathognomonic intellectual dysfunction in the clinical condition. Cognitive improvement consequently remains a major therapeutic objective in research on this devastating genetic error. Immune-tolerant LAMAN knockout mice were developed to evaluate the effects of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) by prolonged administration of recombinant human enzyme. Biochemical evidence suggested that hippocampus may be one of the brain structures that benefits most from long-term ERT. In the present functional study, ERT was initiated in 2-month-old immune-tolerant alpha-mannosidosis mice and continued for 9months. During the course of treatment, mice were trained in the Morris water maze task to assess spatial-cognitive performance, which was related to synaptic plasticity recordings and hippocampal histopathology. Long-term ERT reduced primary substrate storage and neuroinflammation in hippocampus, and improved spatial learning after mid-term (10weeks+) and long-term (30weeks+) treatment. Long-term treatment substantially improved the spatial-cognitive abilities of alpha-mannosidosis mice, whereas the effects of mid-term treatment were more modest. Detailed analyses of spatial memory and spatial-cognitive performance indicated that even prolonged ERT did not restore higher cognitive abilities to the level of healthy mice. However, it did demonstrate marked therapeutic effects that coincided with increased synaptic connectivity, reflected by improvements in hippocampal CA3-CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP), expression of postsynaptic marker PSD-95 as well as postsynaptic density morphology. These experiments indicate that long-term ERT may hold promise, not only for the somatic defects of alpha-mannosidosis, but also to alleviate cognitive impairments of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Stroobants
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Markus Damme
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ann Van der Jeugd
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ben Vermaercke
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Jens Fogh
- Zymenex A/S, Roskildevej 12C, 3400 Hillerød, Denmark.
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Judith Blanz
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Rudi D'Hooge
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Personalized Pharmacoperones for Lysosomal Storage Disorder: Approach for Next-Generation Treatment. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 102:225-65. [PMID: 26827607 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a collection of inborn errors of metabolic disorders affected by mutations in lysosome functional genes, commonly acid hydrolases. From the past decades, many approaches like enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy are followed to treat these conditions. However, all these approaches have their own limitations. Proof-of-concept studies on pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT) is now transformed into clinical practice to treat LSDs. Furthermore, it is narrowed with individuals to chaperone sensitive, specific mutations. Hence, personalizing the PCT will be a new direction to combat LSDs. In this review, we have discussed the available clinical strategies and pointed the light on how pharmacological chaperones can be personalized and hopeful to be a next-generation approach to address LSDs.
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37
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Biffi A. Gene therapy for lysosomal storage disorders: a good start. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 25:R65-75. [PMID: 26604151 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited diseases with a collective frequency of ∼1 in 7000 births, resulting from the deficiency in one or more enzymes or transporters that normally reside within the lysosomes. Pathology results from the progressive accumulation of uncleaved lipids, glycoproteins and/or glycosaminoglycans in the lysosomes and secondary damages that affect the brain, viscera, bones and connective tissues. Most treatment modalities developed for LSD, including gene therapy (GT), are based on the lysosome-specific cross-correction mechanism, by which close proximity of normal cells leads to the correction of the biochemical consequences of enzymatic deficiency within the neighboring cells. Here, GT efforts addressing these disorders are reviewed with an up-to-date discussion of their impact on the LSD disease phenotype in animal models and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Biffi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (HSR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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38
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Damme M, Stroobants S, Lüdemann M, Rothaug M, Lüllmann-Rauch R, Beck HC, Ericsson A, Andersson C, Fogh J, D'Hooge R, Saftig P, Blanz J. Chronic enzyme replacement therapy ameliorates neuropathology in alpha-mannosidosis mice. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:987-1001. [PMID: 26817023 PMCID: PMC4693626 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lysosomal storage disease alpha-mannosidosis is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal acid hydrolase alpha-mannosidase (LAMAN) leading to lysosomal accumulation of neutral mannose-linked oligosaccharides throughout the body, including the brain. Clinical findings in alpha-mannosidosis include skeletal malformations, intellectual disabilities and hearing impairment. To date, no curative treatment is available. We previously developed a beneficial enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) regimen for alpha-mannosidase knockout mice, a valid mouse model for the human disease. However, humoral immune responses against the injected recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (rhLAMAN) precluded long-term studies and chronic treatment. METHODS Here, we describe the generation of an immune-tolerant alpha-mannosidosis mouse model that allowed chronic injection of rhLAMAN by transgenic expression of a catalytically inactive variant of human LAMAN in the knockout background. RESULTS Chronic ERT of rhLAMAN revealed pronounced effects on primary substrate storage throughout the brain, normalization of lysosomal enzyme activities and morphology as well as a decrease in microglia activation. The positive effect of long-term ERT on neuronal lysosomal function was reflected by an improvement of cognitive deficits and exploratory activity. in vivo and in vitro uptake measurements indicate rapid clearance of rhLAMAN from circulation and a broad uptake into different cell types of the nervous system. INTERPRETATION Our data contribute to the understanding of neurological disorders treatment by demonstrating that lysosomal enzymes such as rhLAMAN can penetrate into the brain and is able to ameliorate neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Damme
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Stijn Stroobants
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology University of Leuven B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Meike Lüdemann
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
| | | | | | - Hans Christian Beck
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology Centre for Clinical Proteomics Odense University Hospital Sdr Boulevard 29 DK-5000 Odense C Denmark
| | | | | | - Jens Fogh
- Zymenex A/S Roskildevej 12C 3400 Hillerød Denmark
| | - Rudi D'Hooge
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology University of Leuven B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Judith Blanz
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
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39
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Riise Stensland HMF, Frantzen G, Kuokkanen E, Buvang EK, Klenow HB, Heikinheimo P, Malm D, Nilssen Ø. amamutdb.no: A relational database for MAN2B1 allelic variants that compiles genotypes, clinical phenotypes, and biochemical and structural data of mutant MAN2B1 in α-mannosidosis. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:581-6. [PMID: 25762455 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
α-Mannosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the MAN2B1 gene, encoding lysosomal α-mannosidase. The disorder is characterized by a range of clinical phenotypes of which the major manifestations are mental impairment, hearing impairment, skeletal changes, and immunodeficiency. Here, we report an α-mannosidosis mutation database, amamutdb.no, which has been constructed as a publicly accessible online resource for recording and analyzing MAN2B1 variants (http://amamutdb.no). Our aim has been to offer structured and relational information on MAN2B1 mutations and genotypes along with associated clinical phenotypes. Classifying missense mutations, as pathogenic or benign, is a challenge. Therefore, they have been given special attention as we have compiled all available data that relate to their biochemical, functional, and structural properties. The α-mannosidosis mutation database is comprehensive and relational in the sense that information can be retrieved and compiled across datasets; hence, it will facilitate diagnostics and increase our understanding of the clinical and molecular aspects of α-mannosidosis. We believe that the amamutdb.no structure and architecture will be applicable for the development of databases for any monogenic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elina Kuokkanen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elisabeth Kjeldsen Buvang
- Department of Clinical Medicine-Medical Genetics, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helle Bagterp Klenow
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Dag Malm
- The Tromsø Internal Medicine Specialist Center, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øivind Nilssen
- Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine-Medical Genetics, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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40
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Lund TC, Cathey SS, Miller WP, Eapen M, Andreansky M, Dvorak CC, Davis JH, Dalal JD, Devine SM, Eames GM, Ferguson WS, Giller RH, He W, Kurtzberg J, Krance R, Katsanis E, Lewis VA, Sahdev I, Orchard PJ. Outcomes after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for children with I-cell disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 20:1847-51. [PMID: 25016194 PMCID: PMC4194244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mucolipidosis type II (MLII), or I-cell disease, is a rare but severe disorder affecting localization of enzymes to the lysosome, generally resulting in death before the 10th birthday. Although hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been used to successfully treat some lysosomal storage diseases, only 2 cases have been reported on the use of HSCT to treat MLII. For the first time, we describe the combined international experience in the use of HSCT for MLII in 22 patients. Although 95% of the patients engrafted, overall survival was low, with only 6 patients (27%) alive at last follow-up. The most common cause of death post-transplant was cardiovascular complications, most likely due to disease progression. Survivors were globally delayed in development and often required complex medical support, such as gastrostomy tubes for nutrition and tracheostomy with mechanical ventilation. Although HSCT has demonstrated efficacy in treating some lysosomal storage disorders, the neurologic outcome and survival for patents with MLII were poor. Therefore, new medical and cellular therapies should be sought for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy C Lund
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | | | - Weston P Miller
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mary Eapen
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Martin Andreansky
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Miami, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida
| | - Christopher C Dvorak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Jeffrey H Davis
- Department of Pediatrics/BMT Service, British Columbia Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jignesh D Dalal
- Department of BMT, The Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Steven M Devine
- Division of Hematology, James Cancer Center, Ohio State Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gretchen M Eames
- Hematology and Oncology Center, Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - William S Ferguson
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, and St. Louis Cord Blood Bank, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Roger H Giller
- Section of Hematology, Oncology and BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Wensheng He
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, and Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Carolinas Cord Blood Bank, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Robert Krance
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and the Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Houston, Texas
| | - Emmanuel Katsanis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Victor A Lewis
- Department of Hematology/Oncology/Transplant Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Indira Sahdev
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, New York
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Fast urinary screening of oligosaccharidoses by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:19. [PMID: 24502792 PMCID: PMC3922009 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oligosaccharidoses, which belong to the lysosomal storage diseases, are inherited metabolic disorders due to the absence or the loss of function of one of the enzymes involved in the catabolic pathway of glycoproteins and indirectly of glycosphingolipids. This enzymatic deficiency typically results in the abnormal accumulation of uncompletely degraded oligosaccharides in the urine. Since the clinical features of many of these disorders are not specific for a single enzyme deficiency, unambiguous screening is critical to limit the number of costly enzyme assays which otherwise must be performed. Methods Here we provide evidence for the advantages of using a MALDI-TOF/TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight) mass spectrometric (MS) method for screening oligosaccharidoses. Urine samples from previously diagnosed patients or from unaffected subjects were randomly divided into a training set and a blind testing set. Samples were directly analyzed without prior treatment. Results The characteristic MS and MS/MS molecular profiles obtained allowed us to identify fucosidosis, aspartylglucosaminuria, GM1 gangliosidosis, Sandhoff disease, α-mannosidosis, sialidosis and mucolipidoses type II and III. Conclusions This method, which is easily run in less than 30 minutes, is performed in a single step, and is sensitive and specific. Invaluable for clinical chemistry purposes this MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry procedure is semi-automatizable and suitable for the urinary screening of oligosacharidoses.
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Borgwardt L, Dali CI, Fogh J, Månsson JE, Olsen KJ, Beck HC, Nielsen KG, Nielsen LH, Olsen SOE, Riise Stensland HMF, Nilssen O, Wibrand F, Thuesen AM, Pearl T, Haugsted U, Saftig P, Blanz J, Jones SA, Tylki-Szymanska A, Guffon-Fouiloux N, Beck M, Lund AM. Enzyme replacement therapy for alpha-mannosidosis: 12 months follow-up of a single centre, randomised, multiple dose study. J Inherit Metab Dis 2013; 36:1015-24. [PMID: 23494656 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-013-9595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-mannosidosis (OMIM 248500) is a rare lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by alpha-mannosidase deficiency. Manifestations include intellectual disabilities, facial characteristics and hearing impairment. A recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (rhLAMAN) has been developed for weekly intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). We present the preliminary data after 12 months of treatment. METHODS This is a phase I-II study to evaluate safety and efficacy of rhLAMAN. Ten patients (7-17 y) were treated. We investigated efficacy by testing motor function (6-minutes-Walk-Test (6-MWT), 3-min-Stair-Climb-Test (3-MSCT), The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT2), cognitive function (Leiter-R), oligosaccharides in serum, urine and CSF and Tau- and GFA-protein in CSF. RESULTS Oligosaccharides: S-, U- and CSF-oligosaccharides decreased 88.6% (CI -92.0 -85.2, p < 0.001), 54.1% (CI -69.5- -38.7, p < 0,001), and 25.7% (CI -44.3- -7.1, p < 0.05), respectively. Biomarkers: CSF-Tau- and GFA-protein decreased 15%, p < 0.009) and 32.5, p < 0.001 respectively. Motor function: Improvements in 3MSCT (31 steps (CI 6.8-40.5, p < 0.01) and in 6MWT (60.4 m (CI -8.9 -51.1, NS) were achieved. Cognitive function: Improvement in the total Equivalence Age of 4 months (0.34) was achieved in the Leiter R test (CI -0.2-0.8, NS). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that rhLAMAN may be an encouraging new treatment for patients with alpha-mannosidosis.The study is designed to continue for a total of 18 months. Longer-term follow-up of patients in this study and the future placebo-controlled phase 3 trial are needed to provide greater support for the findings in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Borgwardt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Copenhagen University hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark,
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Xia B, Asif G, Arthur L, Pervaiz MA, Li X, Liu R, Cummings RD, He M. Oligosaccharide analysis in urine by maldi-tof mass spectrometry for the diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases. Clin Chem 2013; 59:1357-68. [PMID: 23676310 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2012.201053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are 45 known genetic diseases that impair the lysosomal degradation of macromolecules. The loss of a single lysosomal hydrolase leads to the accumulation of its undegraded substrates in tissues and increases of related glycoconjugates in urine, some of which can be detected by screening of free oligosaccharides (FOS) in urine. Traditional 1-dimensional TLC for urine oligosaccharide analysis has limited analytical specificity and sensitivity. We developed fast and robust urinary FOS and glycoaminoacid analyses by MALDI-time-of-flight/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF/TOF) mass spectrometry for the diagnosis of oligosaccharidoses and other lysosomal storage diseases. METHODS The FOS in urine equivalent to 0.09 mg creatinine were purified through sequential passage over a Sep-Pak C18 column and a carbograph column and were then permethylated. MALDI-TOF/TOF was used to analyze the permethylated FOS. We studied urine samples from individuals in 7 different age groups ranging from 0-1 months to ≥ 17 years as well as urine from known patients with different lysosomal storage diseases. RESULTS We identified diagnostic urinary FOS patterns for α-mannosidosis, galactosialidosis, mucolipidosis type II/III, sialidosis, α-fucosidosis, aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU), Pompe disease, Gaucher disease, and GM1 and GM2 gangliosidosis. Interestingly, the increase in urinary FOS characteristic of lysosomal storage diseases relative to normal FOS appeared to correlate with the disease severity. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of urinary FOS by MALDI-TOF/TOF is a powerful tool for first-tier screening of oligosaccharidoses and lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyun Xia
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, 2165 N. Decatur Rd., Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
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Tolar J. Translating genome engineering to better clinical outcomes. Transl Res 2013; 161:199-204. [PMID: 23416084 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Tolar
- Stem Cell Institute and Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Yesilipek AM, Akcan M, Karasu G, Uygun V, Kupesiz A, Hazar V. Successful unrelated bone marrow transplantation in two siblings with alpha-mannosidosis. Pediatr Transplant 2012; 16:779-82. [PMID: 22775975 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2012.01763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance. Deficient alpha-mannosidase activity leads to lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich oligosaccharides. The disease characterized by mental retardation, skeletal changes, hearing impairment, and recurrent infections. Stem cell transplantation has been shown to be an effective treatment. It works by providing increased levels of α-mannosidase in the localized extracellular milieu to provide improvements in skeletal malformations, neurocognitive, and sensorineural function. In this case report, we describe a pair of siblings with α-mannosidosis who successfully underwent HSCT from matched unrelated donors. In both siblings, enzyme levels reached to normal limits and improvements in clinical symptoms were recognized early after HSCT. We conclude that HSCT should be considered as a therapeutic approach in patients with alpha-mannosidosis before disease-related complications have developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akif M Yesilipek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
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