1
|
Insulin-like growth factor-I predicts sinusoidal obstruction syndrome following pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2020; 56:1021-1030. [PMID: 33219341 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-020-01127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a potentially fatal complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) initiated through damage of sinusoidal endothelium and inflammation. Insulin-like growth factor-l (IGF-l) maintains and repairs endothelium and intestinal mucosa. We hypothesized that low IGF-l levels may increase the risk of inflammatory complications, such as SOS, in HSCT-patients. We prospectively measured IGF-l concentrations in 121 pediatric patients before, during, and after allogeneic HSCT. Overall, IGF-l levels were significantly reduced compared with healthy sex- and age-matched children. IGF-I levels pre-HSCT and at day 0 were inversely associated with C-reactive protein levels, hyperbilirubinemia, and number of platelet transfusions within the first 21 days post-transplant. Low levels of IGF-I before conditioning and at day of transplant were associated with increased risk of SOS diagnosed by the modified Seattle criteria (pre-HSCT: OR = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2-2.6, p = 0.01), and the pediatric EBMT criteria (pre-HSCT: 1.7 (1.2-2.5, p = 0.009) and day 0: 1.7 (1.3-2.5, p = 0.001)/SDS decrease in IGF-1). These data suggest that IGF-I is protective against cytotoxic damage and SOS, most likely through trophic effects on endothelial cells and anti-inflammatory properties, and may prove useful as a predictive biomarker of SOS.
Collapse
|
2
|
Bejanyan N, Zhang M, Bo-Subait K, Brunstein C, Wang H, Warlick ED, Giralt S, Nishihori T, Martino R, Passweg J, Dias A, Copelan E, Hale G, Gale RP, Solh M, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Diaz MA, Ganguly S, Gore S, Verdonck LF, Hossain NM, Kekre N, Savani B, Byrne M, Kanakry C, Cairo MS, Ciurea S, Schouten HC, Bredeson C, Munker R, Lazarus H, Cahn JY, van Der Poel M, Rizzieri D, Yared JA, Freytes C, Cerny J, Aljurf M, Palmisiano ND, Pawarode A, Bacher VU, Grunwald MR, Nathan S, Wirk B, Hildebrandt GC, Seo S, Olsson RF, George B, de Lima M, Hourigan CS, Sandmaier BM, Litzow M, Kebriaei P, Saber W, Weisdorf D. Myeloablative Conditioning for Allogeneic Transplantation Results in Superior Disease-Free Survival for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes with Low/Intermediate but not High Disease Risk Index: A Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research Study. Transplant Cell Ther 2020; 27:68.e1-68.e9. [PMID: 33010430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Compared with reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC), myeloablative conditioning (MAC) is generally associated with lower relapse risk after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, disease-specific risk factors in AML/MDS can further inform when MAC and RIC may yield differential outcomes. We analyzed HCT outcomes stratified by the Disease Risk Index (DRI) in 4387 adults (age 40 to 65 years) to identify the impact of conditioning intensity. In the low/intermediate-risk DRI cohort, RIC was associated with lower nonrelapse mortality (NRM) (hazard ratio [HR], .74; 95% confidence interval [CI], .62 to .88; P < .001) but significantly greater relapse risk (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.35 to 1.76; P < .001) and thus inferior disease-free survival (DFS) (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.33; P = .001). In the high/very high-risk DRI cohort, RIC was associated with marginally lower NRM (HR, .83; 95% CI, .68 to 1.00; P = .051) and significantly higher relapse risk (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41; P = .002), leading to similar DFS using either RIC or MAC. These data support MAC over RIC as the preferred conditioning intensity for patients with AML/MDS with low/intermediate-risk DRI, but with a similar benefit as RIC in high/very high-risk DRI. Novel MAC regimens with less toxicity could benefit all patients, but more potent antineoplastic approaches are needed for the high/very-high risk DRI group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Bejanyan
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
| | - Meijie Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Khalid Bo-Subait
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Claudio Brunstein
- Adult Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hailin Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Erica D Warlick
- Adult Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sergio Giralt
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Taiga Nishihori
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rodrigo Martino
- Division of Clinical Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jakob Passweg
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ajoy Dias
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Copelan
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Gregory Hale
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, Florida
| | - Robert Peter Gale
- Haematology Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Melhem Solh
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Group of Georgia, Northside Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mohamed A Kharfan-Dabaja
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Miguel Angel Diaz
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Nino Jesus, Madrid, Spain
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Division of Hematological Malignancy and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Steven Gore
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Leo F Verdonck
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Isala Clinic, Zwolle, The Netherland
| | - Nasheed M Hossain
- Stem Cell Transplant Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Natasha Kekre
- Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bipin Savani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael Byrne
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christopher Kanakry
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mitchell S Cairo
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Stefan Ciurea
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Harry C Schouten
- Department of Hematology, Academische Ziekenhuis, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Bredeson
- Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reinhold Munker
- Division of Medical Oncology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Hillard Lazarus
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jean-Yves Cahn
- Department of Hematology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marjolein van Der Poel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - David Rizzieri
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jean A Yared
- Blood & Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cesar Freytes
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Program, Texas Transplant Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jan Cerny
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Center & Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neil D Palmisiano
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Attaphol Pawarode
- Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Vera Ulrike Bacher
- Department of Hematology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael R Grunwald
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Sunita Nathan
- Section of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Baldeep Wirk
- Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Gerhard C Hildebrandt
- Division of Medical Oncology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Sachiko Seo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Richard F Olsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Clinical Research Sormland, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Biju George
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Marcos de Lima
- Department of Medicine, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher S Hourigan
- Laboratory of Myeloid Malignancies, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brenda M Sandmaier
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington and Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mark Litzow
- Division of Hematology and Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Partow Kebriaei
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wael Saber
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Daniel Weisdorf
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 96
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma S, Shi W, Li Z, Tang L, Wang H, Xia L, Hu Y. Reduced-intensity versus Myeloablative Conditioning Regimens for Younger Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer 2020; 11:5223-5235. [PMID: 32742468 PMCID: PMC7378925 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Historically, reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) was recommended to be performed for older patients who were considered ineligible for myeloablative conditioning (MAC) before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, the evidence regarding the optimal conditioning intensity in younger patients with AML or MDS is weak and contradictory. Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase, and other online sources were searched from the initial period to February 25, 2020. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to estimate pooling effects. Results: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about conditioning intensity involving 633 patients were included. There were no significant differences of 1/2/4/5 years progression-free survival (PFS) and relapse incidence (RI) between two conditioning intensities. Overall survival (OS) was similar at 1/2/4 years, but patients receiving RIC had a higher OS at 5 years. Additionally, RIC were associated with lower non-relapse mortality, less grade II-IV and grade III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and lower incidence of chronic GVHD compared with MAC regimens. Subgroup analysis showed similar OS and RI for AML patients, and there was a trend towards lower NRM and grade II-IV aGVHD in RIC group. Available data for MDS indicated that OS, PFS, and RI were comparable. For intermediate-risk patients, there was no evidence that RIC is inferior to MAC. However, for high-risk patients, MAC tends to perform better. Conclusions: Based on the above results, it might be concluded that RIC is a feasible treatment option for adults with AML or MDS younger than 66 years, particularly those with intermediate-risk disease. Future RCTs incorporating of risk stratifications are warranted to guide the optimal decision under certain conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengling Ma
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA
| | - Ziying Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huafang Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linghui Xia
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hsu J, Van Besien K, Baron F. Busulfan or melphalan: is there a better conditioning regimen for allogeneneic transplantation? Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:1529-1534. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1767291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingmei Hsu
- Weill Cornell Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koen Van Besien
- Weill Cornell Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frédéric Baron
- Laboratory of Hematology, University of Liege and CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Myeloablative vs reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv 2019; 2:2922-2936. [PMID: 30396912 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a potentially curative treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Optimal conditioning intensity for allo-HCT for CML in the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is unknown. Using the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database, we sought to determine whether reduced-intensity/nonmyeloablative conditioning (RIC) allo-HCT and myeloablative conditioning (MAC) result in similar outcomes in CML patients. We evaluated 1395 CML allo-HCT recipients between the ages of 18 and 60 years. The disease status at transplant was divided into the following categories: chronic phase 1, chronic phase 2 or greater, and accelerated phase. Patients in blast phase at transplant and alternative donor transplants were excluded. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) after allo-HCT. MAC (n = 1204) and RIC allo-HCT recipients (n = 191) from 2007 to 2014 were included. Patient, disease, and transplantation characteristics were similar, with a few exceptions. Multivariable analysis showed no significant difference in OS between MAC and RIC groups. In addition, leukemia-free survival and nonrelapse mortality did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Compared with MAC, the RIC group had a higher risk of early relapse after allo-HCT (hazard ratio [HR], 1.85; P = .001). The cumulative incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) was lower with RIC than with MAC (HR, 0.77; P = .02). RIC provides similar survival and lower cGVHD compared with MAC and therefore may be a reasonable alternative to MAC for CML patients in the TKI era.
Collapse
|
6
|
Canaani J, Beohou E, Labopin M, Ghavamzadeh A, Beelen D, Hamladji RM, Niederwieser D, Volin L, Markiewicz M, Arnold R, Mufti G, Ehninger G, Socié G, Kröger N, Mohty M, Nagler A. Trends in patient outcome over the past two decades following allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukaemia: an ALWP/EBMT analysis. J Intern Med 2019; 285:407-418. [PMID: 30372796 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outcomes for patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) have significantly improved in recent years. OBJECTIVES To assess the incremental improvement of transplanted AML patients in the last two decades. METHODS Patients included in this analysis were adult AML patients who underwent allo-SCT from an HLA-matched sibling donor (MSD) or HLA-matched unrelated donor (MUD) in first remission. Patient outcomes were assessed between three cohorts according to the year of transplant (1993-2002, 2003-2007 and 2008-2012). RESULTS The analysis comprised a total of 20 187 patients of whom 4763 were transplanted between 1993 and 2002, 5835 in 2003 and 2007, and 9589 in 2008 and 2012. In multivariate analysis, leukaemia-free survival (LFS) rates were significantly improved in more recently transplanted patients compared to patients transplanted in 1993-2002 [Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.84, confidence interval (CI) 95%, 0.77-0.92; P = 0.003], a benefit which also extended to improved overall survival (OS; HR = 0.8, CI 95%, 0.73-0.89; P < 0.0001), and decreased nonrelapse mortality (NRM) rates (HR = 0.65, CI 95%, 0.56-0.75; P < 0.0001). Subset analysis revealed that in MSD, the rates of LFS, NRM and OS significantly improved in patients in the more recent cohort with similar results also seen in MUD. Finally, the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was significantly reduced leading to improved GVHD-free/relapse-free survival (GRFS) rates in more recently transplanted patients. CONCLUSION Outcome of allo-SCT for AML patients has markedly improved in the last two decades owing to decreased nonrelapse mortality and improved rates of leukaemia-free survival resulting in significantly longer survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Canaani
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - E Beohou
- Acute Leukemia Working Party -EBMT and Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hȏpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - M Labopin
- Acute Leukemia Working Party -EBMT and Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hȏpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - A Ghavamzadeh
- Hematology-Oncology and BMT Research, Shariati Hospital, Teheran, Iran
| | - D Beelen
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - R-M Hamladji
- Service Hématologie Greffe de Moëlle, Centre Pierre et Marie Curie, Alger, Algeria
| | - D Niederwieser
- Division of Haematology & Oncology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - L Volin
- Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Markiewicz
- Department of Haematology and BMT, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - R Arnold
- Medizinische Klinik m. S. Hämatologie/Onkologie, Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Mufti
- Department of Haematological Medicine, GKT School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - G Ehninger
- Universitaetsklinikum Dresden Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Dresden, Germany
| | - G Socié
- Department of Hematology - BMT, Hȏpital St. Louis, Paris, France
| | - N Kröger
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Centre, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Mohty
- Acute Leukemia Working Party -EBMT and Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hȏpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - A Nagler
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Acute Leukemia Working Party -EBMT and Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hȏpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fludarabine with a higher versus lower dose of myeloablative timed-sequential busulfan in older patients and patients with comorbidities: an open-label, non-stratified, randomised phase 2 trial. LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2018; 5:e532-e542. [PMID: 30389035 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(18)30156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HCT) conditioning regimens that can reduce risk of relapse without increasing non-relapse mortality are needed. We aimed to test the safety of timed-sequential delivery of low-dose versus high-dose myeloablative busulfan in older patients and patients with comorbidities. METHODS This non-stratified, open-label, randomised phase 2 trial was done at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX, USA). Patients with haematological cancers aged between 5 and 75 years were eligible to participate in the study. Patients who had HIV or uncontrollable infections were excluded. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1 by a computer-generated programme in block sizes of four) to receive a total intravenous busulfan dose to achieve an area under the curve of 16 000 μmol/min (16K group) or 20 000 μmol/min (20K group) on the basis of pharmacokinetic analysis, plus intravenous fludarabine 40 mg/m2 for 4 days. The investigators and the research nurses were masked to the block size to conceal allocation. The primary outcome was day 100 non-relapse mortality. All analyses were by modified intention to treat, including only patients who received at least one dose of the study drug. No interim analyses were planned and accrual is complete. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01572662. FINDINGS Between April 18, 2012, and Dec 9, 2015, 98 patients were enrolled. 49 patients were randomly assigned to the 16K group and 49 to the 20K group, one of which was removed from the study before starting the intervention. Median age was 60 years (IQR 54-67). 50 (52%) patients had an HCT-specific comorbidity index score of 3 or more, and 41 (42%) had a high or very high Disease Risk Index score. Day 100 non-relapse mortality was 4% (95% CI 0-10) in the 16K group and 6% (0-13) in the 20K group (p=0·65). Infection was the most common grade 3-5 toxicity in both the 20K group (25 [52%] of 48 patients) and the 16K group (24 [49%] of 49 participants). Mucositis (nine [19%] of 48 patients vs three [6%] of 49 patients), idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (nine [19%] of 48 patients vs two [4%] of 49 patients), and culture-negative neutropenic fever (16 [33%] of 48 patients vs eight [16%] of 49 patients) were more common in the 20K group than in the 16K group. INTERPRETATION Myeloablative doses of busulfan administered in a timed-sequential manner with fludarabine is associated with low non-relapse mortality in older patients and patients with comorbidities. Additional studies are required to show whether this approach can reduce the risk of relapse. FUNDING Cancer Center Support Grant (US National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health).
Collapse
|
8
|
Preconditioning with fludarabine, busulfan and cytarabine versus standard BuCy2 for patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a prospective, randomized phase II study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2018; 54:894-902. [PMID: 30337697 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-018-0356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To compare the efficacy and toxicity of a novel regimen called FBA, consisting of fludarabine, busulfan, and cytarabine, with the standard BuCy2 regimen for younger adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia, we conducted a prospective randomized phase II study. Patients in complete remission were randomly assigned to receive either the FBA (n = 56) or the BuCy2 regimen (n = 55). The difference in 100-day transplant-related mortality (TRM) was not statistically significant between the two arms (1.79% for FBA versus 5.45% for BuCy2, P = 0.260), as were the cumulative incidences of relapse, TRM, overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) at 3 years. However, the 100-day cumulative incidences of grades II-IV and III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) were lower in the FBA group [(8.93% versus 21.86%, P = 0.032) (1.79% versus 9.09%, P = 0.025)]. The 3-year GVHD and relapse-free survival (GRFS) was 31.20% for the FBA group and 14.96% for the BuCy2 group (P = 0.004). The incidences of diarrhea and severe oral mucositis within the first 30 days post-transplantation were lower in the FBA group [(28.57% versus 65.45%; P < 0.001) (51.79% versus 70.91%; P = 0.039)]. In conclusion, allogenic transplantation with the FBA regimen achieved similar TRM, relapse rate, OS and EFS, as that with the BuCy2 regimen but with less frequent and less severe complications in early stage after transplantation and a trend toward higher GRFS.
Collapse
|
9
|
Gilleece MH, Labopin M, Yakoub-Agha I, Volin L, Socié G, Ljungman P, Huynh A, Deconinck E, Wu D, Bourhis JH, Cahn JY, Polge E, Mohty M, Savani BN, Nagler A. Measurable residual disease, conditioning regimen intensity, and age predict outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first remission: A registry analysis of 2292 patients by the Acute Leukemia Working Party European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Am J Hematol 2018; 93:1142-1152. [PMID: 29981272 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in morphological first complete remission (CR1) pre-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) may have measurable residual disease (MRD) by molecular and immunophenotyping criteria. We assessed interactions of MRD status with HCT conditioning regimen intensity in patients aged <50 years (y) or ≥50y. This was a retrospective study by the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. Patients were >18y with AML CR1 MRD NEG/POS and recipients of HCT in 2000-2015. Conditioning regimens were myeloablative (MAC), reduced intensity (RIC) or non-myeloablative (NMA). Outcomes included leukemia free survival (LFS), overall survival (OS), relapse incidence (RI), non-relapse mortality (NRM), chronic graft-vs-host (cGVHD), and GVHD-free and relapse-free survival (GRFS). The 2292 eligible patients were categorized into four paired groups: <50y MRD POS MAC (N = 240) vs RIC/NMA (N = 58); <50y MRD NEG MAC (N = 665) vs RIC/NMA (N = 195); ≥50y MRD POS MAC (N = 126) vs RIC/NMA (N = 230), and ≥50y MRD NEG MAC (N = 223) vs RIC/NMA (N = 555). In multivariate analysis RIC/NMA was only inferior to MAC for patients in the <50y MRD POS group, with worse RI (HR 1.71) and LFS (HR 1.554). Patients <50Y MRD NEG had less cGVHD after RIC/NMA HCT (HR 0.714). GRFS was not significantly affected by conditioning intensity in any group. Patients aged <50y with AML CR1 MRD POS status should preferentially be offered MAC allo-HCT. Prospective studies are needed to address whether patients with AML CR1 MRD NEG may be spared the toxicity of MAC regimens. New approaches are needed for ≥50y AML CR1 MRD POS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria H. Gilleece
- Department of Haematology; Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, University of Leeds; Leeds United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Liisa Volin
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit; Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Gerard Socié
- Service d'Hématologie Greffe; Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris France
| | - Per Ljungman
- Center for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anne Huynh
- Service d'Hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Toulouse France
| | - Eric Deconinck
- Hematology Department; CHRU Besancon, INSERM UMR1098, Universite de Franche-Comte; Besancon France
| | - Depei Wu
- Department of Hematology; First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | | | - Jean Yves Cahn
- Department of Haematology, Centre Hospital; Universitaire Grenoble Alpes; Grenoble France
| | - Emmanuelle Polge
- Acute Leukemia Working Party; European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Paris Study Office/European Center for Biostatistical and Epidemiological Evaluation in Hematopoietic Cell Therapy (CEREST-TC); Paris France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Hopital Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre and Marie Curie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unite Mixte de Recherche U938; Paris France
| | - Bipin N. Savani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine; Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville Tennessee
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel Aviv University; Tel-Hashomer Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lipof JJ, Loh KP, O'Dwyer K, Liesveld JL. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Older Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060179. [PMID: 29866998 PMCID: PMC6025016 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease that affects adults aged 65 years and above, and survival in this population is poor. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a potentially curative therapy for these patients but is underutilized due to frequent comorbidities and perceived higher risk of treatment-related mortality and non-relapse mortality. Increasing data supports the utility of allo-HCT in fit older patients after intensive chemotherapy resulting in improvement of outcomes. With the development of reduced intensity and non-myeloablative conditioning regimens that are associated with lower rates of treatment-related toxicity and mortality, this has allowed more older patients with AML to receive allo-HCT. In this review, we provide some guidance on appropriate selection of older patients as transplant candidates, benefits and risks associated with allo-HCT, conditioning regimen choice, and stem cell transplant sources as they relate to the conduct of stem cell transplantation in older patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jodi J Lipof
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, P.O. Box 704, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Kah Poh Loh
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, P.O. Box 704, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Kristen O'Dwyer
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, P.O. Box 704, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Jane L Liesveld
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, P.O. Box 704, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paix A, Antoni D, Waissi W, Ledoux MP, Bilger K, Fornecker L, Noel G. Total body irradiation in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation conditioning regimens: A review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 123:138-148. [PMID: 29482775 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies may require, at one point during their treatment, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Total body irradiation combined with chemotherapy or radiomimetic used in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is known to be very toxic. Total body irradiation (TBI) induces immunosuppression to prevent the rejection of donor marrow. TBI is also used to eradicate malignant cells and is in sanctuary organs that are not reached by chemotherapy drugs. TBI has evolved since its introduction in the late fifties, but acute and late toxicities remain. Helical tomotherapy, which is widely used for some solid tumors, is a path for the improvement of outcomes and toxicities in TBI because of its sparing capacities. In this article, we first review the practical aspects of TBI with patient positioning, radiobiological considerations and total dose and fractionation prescriptions. Second, we review the use of intensity modulated radiation therapy in bone marrow transplantation with a focus on helical tomotherapy TBI, helical tomotherapy total marrow irradiation (TMI) and total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) and their dosimetric and clinical outcomes. Finally, we review the perspective of dose escalation and the extension to older patients and patients with comorbidity who do not benefit from a standard bone marrow transplantation conditioning regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Paix
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Paul Strauss 3 rue de la Porte de l'hôpital, 67065, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Delphine Antoni
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Paul Strauss 3 rue de la Porte de l'hôpital, 67065, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Radiobiology Laboratory, EA3430, Strasbourg University, 3 rue de la Porte de l'hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Waisse Waissi
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Paul Strauss 3 rue de la Porte de l'hôpital, 67065, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Radiobiology Laboratory, EA3430, Strasbourg University, 3 rue de la Porte de l'hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Ledoux
- Hematology Department, CHU Hautepierre, 1, rue Molière, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karin Bilger
- Hematology Department, CHU Hautepierre, 1, rue Molière, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Luc Fornecker
- Hematology Department, CHU Hautepierre, 1, rue Molière, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Georges Noel
- Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Paul Strauss 3 rue de la Porte de l'hôpital, 67065, Strasbourg Cedex, France; Radiobiology Laboratory, EA3430, Strasbourg University, 3 rue de la Porte de l'hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mustafa Ali M, Abounader DM, Rybicki LA, Yurch MA, Starn J, Ferraro C, Winslow V, Hamilton BK, Gerds AT, Liu H, Dean R, Hill BT, Pohlman B, Andresen S, Hanna R, Kalaycio M, Bolwell BJ, Majhail NS, Sobecks RM. Comparative Effectiveness of Busulfan and Fludarabine versus Fludarabine and 400 cGy Total Body Irradiation Conditioning Regimens for Acute Myeloid Leukemia/Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2017; 23:776-781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
13
|
Reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for younger patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a registry-based study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2017; 52:818-824. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
14
|
Wang L, Raffoux E, Thomas X, Yakoub-Agha I, Bouhris JH, de Botton S, Michallet M, Quoc SN, Chantepie S, Deconinck E, Caillot D, Turlure P, Vigouroux S, Pigneux A, Huynh A, Malfuson JV, Loschi M, Socie G, Dombret H, de la Tour RP, Cluzeau T. Immune stimulation during chemotherapy increases incidence of acute graft versus host disease in acute myeloid leukemia: A study on behalf of SFGM-TC and ALFA. Leuk Res 2017; 54:12-16. [PMID: 28088653 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
60-70% of AML patients have an indication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) during their treatment. Graft versus host disease (GvHD), the major cause of mortality and comorbidities post-transplantation, develops by immunological mechanism and decides greatly prognosis and quality of life (QoL) of graft recipient. Current GvHD prophylaxis is not personalized. Infections, toxicities and leukemic infiltration complicate the first chemotherapy phases prior to allo-HSCT. They, to certain extent, induce local immune stimulation. Impact of immune stimulation of this period on incidence of GvHD has not been evaluated. We retrospectively studied 238 AML patients transplanted at first remission from 21 French centers in the ALFA-0702 protocol and found that cutaneous and digestive immune stimulation during induction increases the incidence of skin and gut aGVHD, respectively. Furthermore, prolonged febrile duration correlates with elevated incidence of grade II-IV aGvHD. Thus, we identified a group of patients with higher risk of aGvHD. The benefit of personalized GvHD prophylaxis should be explored in a prospective cohort to decrease incidence of aGvHD in these patients and improve their QoLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lining Wang
- Saint Louis Hospital, Hematology Department, Paris, France; Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Saint Louis Hospital, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Paris, France
| | | | - Xavier Thomas
- Centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hematology Department, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sylvain Chantepie
- Institut d'Hématologie de Basse-Normandie, Bâtiment Sud Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | | | | | | | - Stéphane Vigouroux
- CHU Bordeaux, Haut Leveque Hospital, Hematology Department, Pessac, France
| | - Arnaud Pigneux
- CHU Bordeaux, Haut Leveque Hospital, Hematology Department, Pessac, France
| | - Anne Huynh
- CHU Toulouse, Hematology Department, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Michael Loschi
- Centre Henri Becquerel, Hematology Department, Rouen, France
| | - Gerard Socie
- Saint Louis Hospital, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Dombret
- Saint Louis Hospital, Hematology Department, Paris, France
| | | | - Thomas Cluzeau
- Saint Louis Hospital, Hematology Department, Paris, France; Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine, INSERM U1065, Nice, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Atilla E, Ataca Atilla P, Demirer T. A Review of Myeloablative vs Reduced Intensity/Non-Myeloablative Regimens in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantations. Balkan Med J 2017; 34:1-9. [PMID: 28251017 PMCID: PMC5322516 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2017.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment option for both malignant and some benign hematological diseases. During the last decade, many of the newer high-dose regimens in different intensity have been developed specifically for patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Today there are three main approaches used prior to allogeneic transplantation: Myeloablative (MA), Reduced Intensity Conditioning (RIC) and Non-MA (NMA) regimens. MA regimens cause irreversible cytopenia and there is a requirement for stem cell support. Patients who receive NMA regimen have minimal cytopenia and this type of regimen can be given without stem cell support. RIC regimens do not fit the criteria of MA and NMA: the cytopenia is reversible and the stem cell support is necessary. NMA/RIC for Allo-HSCT has opened a new era for treating elderly patients and those with comorbidities. The RIC conditioning was used for 40% of all Allo-HSCT and this trend continue to increase. In this paper, we will review these regimens in the setting of especially allogeneic HSCT and our aim is to describe the history, features and impact of these conditioning regimens on specific diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erden Atilla
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Ataca Atilla
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Demirer
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Middle East/North Africa regional consensus on prevention, diagnosis and management. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 52:588-591. [PMID: 27892944 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) of the liver is a serious, early complication of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), severe and very severe forms of which are associated with a high mortality rate. A wide variety of patient, disease and treatment-related risk factors for VOD/SOS have been identified. Several bodies have published recommendations for the diagnosis, prevention and management of VOD/SOS following HSCT. A group of regional experts have developed a consensus statement on the diagnosis, prevention and management of VOD/SOS in the Middle East and North Africa region to help in the management of HSCT patients in the region. Risk factors of particular relevance in the region include iron overload in thalassaemia patients, some hereditary metabolic disorders due to consanguinity and infection with hepatitis virus B or C. Recommendations include diagnosis of VOD/SOS based on established clinical criteria, prophylaxis with defibrotide and/or ursodeoxycholic acid in patients at increased risk of VOD/SOS, and treatment with defibrotide for patients with severe/very severe VOD/SOS (and, if clinically indicated, in those with moderate or rapidly progressing VOD/SOS, as per the new European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation classification).
Collapse
|
17
|
Predictive value of high EVI1 expression in AML patients undergoing myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in first CR. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:921-7. [PMID: 27042849 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The EVI1 gene is a transcriptional regulator of hematopoietic stem cell self renewal and its overexpression is associated with adverse prognosis in de novo AML. Whether the overexpression of EVI1 also predicts poor outcome of AML patients undergoing myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in first CR (CR1) is still unclear. Thirty-two (21.2%) out of 151 patients were categorized as high EVI1 expression (EVI1+), and 119 (78.8%) patients were categorized as low EVI1 expression (EVI1-). The frequency of EVI1+ was much higher in the adverse-risk group than the intermediate-risk group (53% vs 19%, P=0.005). EVI1+ patients were significantly likely to harbor with translocations involving the MLL gene on 11q23 (8/9). Significantly poor results were observed in the EVI1+ cohort in terms of leukemia-free survival (LFS) (in 24 months 52.6 vs 71.0%, P=0.027), overall survival (OS) (in 24 months 52.8 vs 72.4%, P=0.012), and cumulative incidence of relapse (in 24 months 39.5 vs 22.5%, P=0.013). Multivariable analysis revealed that low EVI1 expression as an independent prognostic factor favoring LFS (hazards ratio=0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.26-0.86, P=0.01) but not OS. Our results indicate high EVI1 expression might predict high risk of relapse in AML patients undergoing myeloablative allo-HSCT in CR1.
Collapse
|
18
|
Rubio MT, Savani BN, Labopin M, Piemontese S, Polge E, Ciceri F, Bacigalupo A, Arcese W, Koc Y, Beelen D, Gülbas Z, Wu D, Santarone S, Tischer J, Afanasyev B, Schmid C, Giebel S, Mohty M, Nagler A. Impact of conditioning intensity in T-replete haplo-identical stem cell transplantation for acute leukemia: a report from the acute leukemia working party of the EBMT. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:25. [PMID: 26980295 PMCID: PMC4791867 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing numbers of patients are receiving haplo-identical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) for treatment of acute leukemia with reduced intensity (RIC) or myeloablative (MAC) conditioning regimens. The impact of conditioning intensity in haplo-SCT is unknown. METHODS We performed a retrospective registry-based study comparing outcomes after T-replete haplo-SCT for patients with acute myeloid (AML) or lymphoid leukemia (ALL) after RIC (n = 271) and MAC (n = 425). Regimens were classified as MAC or RIC based on published criteria. RESULTS A combination of post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) with one calcineurin inhibitor and mycophenolate mofetil (PT-Cy-based regimen) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was used in 66 (25%) patients in RIC and 125 (32%) in MAC groups. Patients of RIC group were older and had been transplanted more recently and more frequently for AML with active disease at transplant. Percentage of engraftment (90 vs. 92%; p = 0.58) and day 100 grade II to IV acute GVHD (24 vs. 29%, p = 0.23) were not different between RIC and MAC groups. Multivariable analyses, run separately in AML and ALL, showed a trend toward higher relapse incidence with RIC in comparison to MAC in AML (hazard ratio (HR) 1.34, p = 0.09), and no difference in both AML and ALL in terms of non-relapse mortality (NRM) chronic GVHD and leukemia-free survival. There was no impact of conditioning regimen intensity in overall survival (OS) in AML (HR = 0.97, p = 0.79) but a trend for worse OS with RIC in ALL (HR = 1.44, p = 0.10). The main factor impacting outcomes was disease status at transplantation (HR ≥ 1.4, p ≤ 0.01). GVHD prophylaxis with PT-Cy-based regimen was independently associated with reduced NRM (HR 0.63, p = 0.02) without impact on relapse incidence (HR 0.99, p = 0.94). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that T-replete haplo-SCT with both RIC and MAC, in particular associated with PT-Cy, are valid options in first line treatment of high risk AML or ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie T Rubio
- Service d'Hématologie et de Thérapie cellulaire, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France. .,INSERM UMR 938, Paris, France. .,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France. .,Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT, Paris, France.
| | - Bipin N Savani
- Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT, Paris, France.,Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Myriam Labopin
- Service d'Hématologie et de Thérapie cellulaire, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 938, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT, Paris, France.,EBMT Paris study office/CEREST-TC, Paris, France
| | - Simona Piemontese
- Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT, Paris, France.,Ospedale San Raffaele s.r.l., Ematologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Polge
- Service d'Hématologie et de Thérapie cellulaire, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 938, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT, Paris, France.,EBMT Paris study office/CEREST-TC, Paris, France
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Ospedale San Raffaele s.r.l., Ematologia, Milan, Italy
| | | | - William Arcese
- Rome Transplant Network, Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Yener Koc
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Medical Park Hospitals, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Dietrich Beelen
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Zafer Gülbas
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Department, Anadolu Medical Center Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Depei Wu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Johanna Tischer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital of Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Afanasyev
- SPb State I. Pavlov Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Sebastian Giebel
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Hemato-Oncology, Cancer Center, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Service d'Hématologie et de Thérapie cellulaire, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR 938, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT, Paris, France.,EBMT Paris study office/CEREST-TC, Paris, France
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sengsayadeth S, Savani BN, Blaise D, Malard F, Nagler A, Mohty M. Reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for adult acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission - a review from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT. Haematologica 2016; 100:859-69. [PMID: 26130513 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.123331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is the most common indication for an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. The introduction of reduced intensity conditioning has expanded the recipient pool for transplantation, which has importantly made transplant an option for the more commonly affected older age groups. Reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation is currently the standard of care for patients with intermediate or high-risk acute myeloid leukemia and is now most often employed in older patients and those with medical comorbidities. Despite being curative for a significant proportion of patients, post-transplant relapse remains a challenge in the reduced intensity conditioning setting. Herein we discuss the studies that demonstrate the feasibility of reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic transplants, compare the outcomes of reduced intensity conditioning versus chemotherapy and conventional myeloablative conditioning regimens, describe the optimal donor and stem cell source, and consider the impact of post-remission consolidation, comorbidities, center experience, and more intensive (reduced toxicity conditioning) regimens on outcomes. Additionally, we discuss the need for further prospective studies to optimize transplant outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salyka Sengsayadeth
- Section of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bipin N Savani
- Section of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Programme de Transplantation & Therapie Cellulaire - Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille - Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Florent Malard
- Department of Haematology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France INSERM UMR 938, Paris, France Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT, Marseille, France Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel EBMT Paris Study Office/CEREST-TC, Paris, France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Department of Haematology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France INSERM UMR 938, Paris, France Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France EBMT Paris Study Office/CEREST-TC, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Richardson PG, Krishnan A, Giralt S, Soiffer RJ. Defibrotide for the treatment of severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: evidence for clinical benefit. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2015.1114455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
21
|
Ramos NR, Mo CC, Karp JE, Hourigan CS. Current Approaches in the Treatment of Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia. J Clin Med 2015; 4:665-95. [PMID: 25932335 PMCID: PMC4412468 DOI: 10.3390/jcm4040665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited sensitivity of the historical treatment response criteria for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has resulted in a different paradigm for treatment compared with most other cancers presenting with widely disseminated disease. Initial cytotoxic induction chemotherapy is often able to reduce tumor burden to a level sufficient to meet the current criteria for "complete" remission. Nevertheless, most AML patients ultimately die from their disease, most commonly as clinically evident relapsed AML. Despite a variety of available salvage therapy options, prognosis in patients with relapsed or refractory AML is generally poor. In this review, we outline the commonly utilized salvage cytotoxic therapy interventions and then highlight novel investigational efforts currently in clinical trials using both pathway-targeted agents and immunotherapy based approaches. We conclude that there is no current standard of care for adult relapsed or refractory AML other than offering referral to an appropriate clinical trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor R. Ramos
- Myeloid Malignancies Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1583, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Clifton C. Mo
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Judith E. Karp
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Christopher S. Hourigan
- Myeloid Malignancies Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1583, USA; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|