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Li H, Luo X, Zhu F, Wang C, Wang J, Wang S, Hua H, Lu J, Li D. Design and synthesis of 6,20-epoxy A-ring modified oridonin derivatives with antitumor activity through extrinsic and mitochondrial pathways. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107632. [PMID: 39003943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Oridonin is an antitumor ent-kaurane diterpenoid that medicinal chemists have been paying close attention to in recent years. Herein, a novel 6,20-epoxy A-ring modified oridonin derivative 2 was obtained by a 6-step synthesis. A series of 14-O derivatives of 2 (EpskA1-EpskA24) were synthesized to further enhance the activity. Based on their cytotoxicity against MCF-7, A549 and L-02 cells, EpskA9, EpskA10 and EpskA21 were chosen for further screening to obtain a wider antitumor spectrum. Collectively, EpskA21 showed the most potent antiproliferative activity, inhibiting proliferation and migration, and inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells. With the help of network pharmacology analysis, apoptosis-related proteins were selected and further tested by western blot assay. The inhibition of PI3K/AKT and an increase in the levels of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Cyt-C, cleaved-Caspase-9, cleaved-Caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP was observed, indicating that EpskA21 induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Given that an increase in DR5 expression and activated Caspase-8 were also observed, the extrinsic apoptosis pathway might also be related to the antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Feilong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jiesen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, PR China
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Jincai Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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2
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Deng Q, Chen L, Zhang G, Liu L, Luo SM, Gao X. TRIAL-based combination therapies in cancers. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112570. [PMID: 38971105 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) shows promising therapeutic potential in cancer treatment as it is able to trigger extrinsic apoptotic pathways by binding to the cognate death receptor, causing broad-spectrum apoptosis in cancer cells with negligible toxicity to normal cells. However, the majority of cancers display resistance to TRAIL, limiting its clinical utility. Overcoming resistance to TRAIL therapies remains a challenge in the development of effective anti-cancer strategies. To address the limitations of TRAIL therapy, a viable alternative approach involves combining TRAIL with more potent drugs compared to monotherapy. This combination strategy aims to induce synergistic effects or sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells. This review provides an overview of relevant modalities of TRAIL combination therapy, highlighting different drug classes. The findings demonstrate that combining TRAIL with other agents can effectively counteract resistance observed with TRAIL therapies in cancer. These findings lay a foundation for future advancements in TRAIL-based therapies for treating various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Luxuan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Langxia Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shi-Ming Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Reproductive Health, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, China.
| | - Xuejuan Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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3
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Zuo WF, Pang Q, Zhu X, Yang QQ, Zhao Q, He G, Han B, Huang W. Heat shock proteins as hallmarks of cancer: insights from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:81. [PMID: 39232809 PMCID: PMC11375894 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins are essential molecular chaperones that play crucial roles in stabilizing protein structures, facilitating the repair or degradation of damaged proteins, and maintaining proteostasis and cellular functions. Extensive research has demonstrated that heat shock proteins are highly expressed in cancers and closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression. The "Hallmarks of Cancer" are the core features of cancer biology that collectively define a series of functional characteristics acquired by cells as they transition from a normal state to a state of tumor growth, including sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, enabled replicative immortality, the induction of angiogenesis, and the activation of invasion and metastasis. The pivotal roles of heat shock proteins in modulating the hallmarks of cancer through the activation or inhibition of various signaling pathways has been well documented. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the roles of heat shock proteins in vital biological processes from the perspective of the hallmarks of cancer and summarizes the small-molecule inhibitors that target heat shock proteins to regulate various cancer hallmarks. Moreover, we further discuss combination therapy strategies involving heat shock proteins and promising dual-target inhibitors to highlight the potential of targeting heat shock proteins for cancer treatment. In summary, this review highlights how targeting heat shock proteins could regulate the hallmarks of cancer, which will provide valuable information to better elucidate and understand the roles of heat shock proteins in oncology and the mechanisms of cancer occurrence and development and aid in the development of more efficacious and less toxic novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Fang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qiwen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qian-Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Xu C, Wu J. Apoptotic signaling pathways in bone metastatic lung cancer: a comprehensive analysis. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:310. [PMID: 39060849 PMCID: PMC11282049 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of apoptotic signaling pathways in the context of bone metastatic lung cancer, emphasizing the intricate molecular mechanisms and microenvironmental influences. Beginning with an overview of apoptosis in cancer, the paper explores the specific molecular characteristics of bone metastatic lung cancer, highlighting alterations in apoptotic pathways. Focused discussions delve into key apoptotic signaling pathways, including the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, and the roles of critical molecular players such as Bcl-2 family proteins and caspases. Microenvironmental factors, such as the tumor microenvironment, extracellular matrix interactions, and immune cell involvement, are examined in depth. The review also addresses experimental approaches and techniques employed in studying apoptotic signaling, paving the way for a discussion on current therapeutic strategies, their limitations, and future prospects. This synthesis contributes a holistic understanding of apoptosis in bone metastatic lung cancer, offering insights for potential therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiakai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoyang Xu
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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D’Amico M, De Amicis F. Challenges of Regulated Cell Death: Implications for Therapy Resistance in Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:1083. [PMID: 38994937 PMCID: PMC11240625 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death, a regulatory form of cell demise, has been extensively studied in multicellular organisms. It plays a pivotal role in maintaining organismal homeostasis under normal and pathological conditions. Although alterations in various regulated cell death modes are hallmark features of tumorigenesis, they can have divergent effects on cancer cells. Consequently, there is a growing interest in targeting these mechanisms using small-molecule compounds for therapeutic purposes, with substantial progress observed across various human cancers. This review focuses on summarizing key signaling pathways associated with apoptotic and autophagy-dependent cell death. Additionally, it explores crucial pathways related to other regulated cell death modes in the context of cancer. The discussion delves into the current understanding of these processes and their implications in cancer treatment, aiming to illuminate novel strategies to combat therapy resistance and enhance overall cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D’Amico
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Health Center, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
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6
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Susanto AC, Hartajanie L, Wu CC. α‑Phellandrene enhances the apoptosis of HT‑29 cells induced by 5‑fluorouracil by modulating the mitochondria‑dependent pathway. Oncol Rep 2024; 51:61. [PMID: 38456489 PMCID: PMC10940876 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
α‑Phellandrene (α‑PA), a natural constituent of herbs, inhibits cancer cell viability and proliferation. 5‑Fluorouracil (5‑FU) is a frequently utilized chemotherapeutic medicine for the treatment of colon cancer, which works by triggering cancer cell apoptosis. The present study examined how the combination of α‑PA and 5‑FU affects the suppression of human colon cancer cells by promoting apoptosis. The impact of this treatment on cell viability, apoptosis, and the expression levels of Bcl‑2 family members, caspase family members and mitochondria‑related molecules in HT‑29 cells was assessed by the MTT assay, immunocytochemistry, western blotting and quantitative PCR. The combination of 5‑FU and α‑PA had a synergistic inhibitory effect on cell viability, as determined by assessing the combination index value. Bax protein expression levels were higher in the 50, 100 or 250 µM α‑PA combined with 5‑FU groups compared with those in the 5‑FU alone group (P<0.05). By contrast, Bcl‑2 protein expression levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm) were lower in the 100 or 250 µM α‑PA combined with 5‑FU groups than those in the 5‑FU alone group (P<0.05). In addition, hexokinase‑2 (HK‑2) protein expression levels were lower in the 50, 100 or 250 µM α‑PA combined with 5‑FU groups than those in the 5‑FU alone group (P<0.05). Compared with 5‑FU alone, after HT‑29 cells were treated with 50, 100 or 250 µM α‑PA combined with 5‑FU, the mRNA expression levels of extrinsic‑induced apoptotic molecules, including caspase‑8 and Bid, were higher (P<0.05). Treatment with 50, 100 or 250 µM α‑PA combined with 5‑FU also increased the mRNA expression levels of cytochrome c, caspase‑9 and caspase‑3, regulating intrinsic apoptosis (P<0.05). These results showed that α‑PA and 5‑FU had a synergistic effect on reducing the viability of human colon cancer HT‑29 cells by inducing extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. The mechanism by which apoptosis is induced may involve the intrinsic apoptosis pathway that activates the mitochondria‑dependent pathway, including regulating the expression levels of Bcl‑2 family members, including Bax, Bcl‑2 and Bid, regulating MMP and HK‑2 expression levels, and increasing the expression of caspase cascade molecules, including caspase‑9 and caspase‑3. In addition, it may involve the extrinsic apoptosis pathway that activates caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 leading to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Caroline Susanto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Faculty of Food Technology, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang 50234, Indonesia
| | - Laksmi Hartajanie
- Faculty of Food Technology, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang 50234, Indonesia
| | - Chih-Chung Wu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan, R.O.C
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7
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Samia S, Sandeep Chary P, Khan O, Kumar Mehra N. Recent trends and advances in novel formulations as an armament in Bcl-2/Bax targeted breast cancer. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123889. [PMID: 38346605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant health burden worldwide, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax, play a crucial role in regulating apoptosis and thus are promising targets for BC therapy. We focus on the recent advancements in novel formulations that specifically target Bcl-2/Bax pathway to combat BC. It provides an overview on biological functions of Bcl-2/Bax in apoptosis regulation, emphasizing their significance in pathogenesis and progression of the disease while covering the numerous therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating the Bcl-2/Bax pathway, including small-molecule inhibitors, peptides, gene-based therapies and other repurposed drugs harboured onto cutting-edge technologies and nanocarrier systems employed to enhance the targeted delivery of Bcl-2/Bax inhibitors tumor cells. These advanced formulations aim to improve therapeutic efficacy, minimize off-target effects, and overcome drug resistance, offering promising prospects in its treatment. In conclusion, it illuminates the diverse and evolving landscape of novel formulations as an essential armament in targeting these proteins while bridging and unravelling the obscurity of Bcl-2/Bax pathway-targeted drug delivery systems which are presently in their nascent stages of exploration for BC therapy which can benefit researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaikh Samia
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Padakanti Sandeep Chary
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Omar Khan
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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8
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Wen S, Wang L. Cadmium neurotoxicity and therapeutic strategies. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23670. [PMID: 38432689 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a multitarget, carcinogenic, nonessential environmental pollutant. Due to its toxic effects at very low concentrations, lengthy biological half-life, and low excretion rate, exposure to Cd carries a concern. Prolonged exposure to Cd causes severe injury to the nervous system of both humans and animals. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms responsible for the neurotoxic effects of Cd have yet to be fully elucidated. The accurate chemical mechanism potentially entails the destruction of metal-ion homeostasis, inducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Here we review the evidence of the neurotoxic effects of Cd and corresponding strategies to protect against Cd-induced central nervous system injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangquan Wen
- Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, Taicang, China
- Veterinarian Clinical Diagnosis Study Group, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, Taicang, China
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9
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Holloway J, Seeley A, Cobbe N, Turkington RC, Longley DB, Evergren E. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch regulates death receptor and cholesterol trafficking to affect TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:40. [PMID: 38216558 PMCID: PMC10786908 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The activation of apoptosis signalling by TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) through receptor binding is a fundamental mechanism of cell death induction and is often perturbed in cancer cells to enhance their cell survival and treatment resistance. Ubiquitination plays an important role in the regulation of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, and here we investigate the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch in TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in oesophageal cancer cells. Knockdown of Itch expression results in resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, caspase-8 activation, Bid cleavage and also promotes cisplatin resistance. Whilst the assembly of the death-inducing signalling complex (DISC) at the plasma membrane is not perturbed relative to the control, TRAIL-R2 is mis-localised in the Itch-knockdown cells. Further, we observe significant changes to mitochondrial morphology alongside an increased cholesterol content. Mitochondrial cholesterol is recognised as an important anti-apoptotic agent in cancer. Cells treated with a drug that increases mitochondrial cholesterol levels, U18666A, shows a protection from TRAIL-induced apoptosis, reduced caspase-8 activation, Bid cleavage and cisplatin resistance. We demonstrate that Itch knockdown cells are less sensitive to a Bcl-2 inhibitor, show impaired activation of Bax, cytochrome c release and an enhanced stability of the cholesterol transfer protein STARD1. We identify a novel protein complex composed of Itch, the mitochondrial protein VDAC2 and STARD1. We propose a mechanism where Itch regulates the stability of STARD1. An increase in STARD1 expression enhances cholesterol import to mitochondria, which inhibits Bax activation and cytochrome c release. Many cancer types display high mitochondrial cholesterol levels, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma tumours show a correlation between chemotherapy resistance and STARD1 expression which is supported by our findings. This establishes an important role for Itch in regulation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial cholesterol levels and provides insight to mechanisms that contribute to TRAIL, Bcl-2 inhibitor and cisplatin resistance in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Holloway
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7AE, Belfast, UK
| | - Aidan Seeley
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7AE, Belfast, UK
| | - Neville Cobbe
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7AE, Belfast, UK
| | - Richard C Turkington
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7AE, Belfast, UK
| | - Daniel B Longley
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7AE, Belfast, UK
| | - Emma Evergren
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7AE, Belfast, UK.
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Mello-Vieira J, Bopp T, Dikic I. Ubiquitination and cell-autonomous immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 84:102368. [PMID: 37451128 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell-autonomous immunity is the first line of defense by which cells recognize and contribute to eliminating invasive pathogens. It is composed of immune signaling networks that sense microbial pathogens, promote pathogen restriction, and stimulate their elimination, including host cell death. Ubiquitination is a pivotal orchestrator of these pathways, by changing the activity of signal transducers and effector proteins in an efficient way. In this review, we will focus on how ubiquitin connects the pathways that sense pathogens to the cellular responses to invaders and shed light on how ubiquitination impacts the microenvironment around the infected cell, stimulating the appropriate immune response. Finally, we discuss therapeutic options directed at favoring cell-autonomous immune responses to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Mello-Vieira
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical Faculty, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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11
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Samankul A, Senawong G, Utaiwat S, Prompipak J, Woranam K, Phaosiri C, Sripa B, Senawong T. Tiliacora triandra Leaf Powder Ethanolic Extract in Combination with Cisplatin or Gemcitabine Synergistically Inhibits the Growth of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells In Vitro and in Nude Mouse Xenograft Models. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1269. [PMID: 37512080 PMCID: PMC10386122 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The treatments of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) with Cisplatin (Cis) and Gemcitabine (Gem) often cause side effects and drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of Tiliacora triandra leaf powder ethanolic extract (TLPE) and Cis or Gem on CCA cells in vitro and in nude mouse xenografts. Materials and Methods: Antiproliferative activity was evaluated using MTT assay. Drug interaction was studied by Chou-Talalay method. Apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell cycle and apoptosis regulating proteins were evaluated by western blot analysis. Results:Treatments with Cis or Gem in combination with TLPE significantly inhibited the growth of KKU-M213B and KKU-100 cells compared with single drug treatments. Synergistic drug interactions were observed with the dose reduction of Cis and Gem treatments. The safety of TLPE was demonstrated in vitro by the hemolytic assay. Synergistic combination treatments down-regulated Bcl2 and reduced the ratio of Bcl2/Bax in both CCA cells. TLPE enhanced tumor suppression of both Cis and Gem in nude mouse xenograft models. Combination treatments with Cis and TLPE reduced Cis toxicity, as demonstrated by the enhanced body weight change of the treated mice compared with the treatment with Cis alone. Furthermore, TLPE reduced hepatotoxicity caused by Gem treatment and reduced kidney and spleen toxicities caused by Cis treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that TLPE enhances the anticancer activity of Cis and Gem and reduces their toxicity both in vitro and in nude mouse xenograft models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunta Samankul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Gulsiri Senawong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Suppawit Utaiwat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Jeerati Prompipak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Khanutsanan Woranam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chanokbhorn Phaosiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thanaset Senawong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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12
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Tang Z, Liu L, Borlak J. Combined inhibition of histone deacetylase and cytidine deaminase improves epigenetic potency of decitabine in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:89. [PMID: 37208732 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting the epigenome of cancerous diseases represents an innovative approach, and the DNA methylation inhibitor decitabine is recommended for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Although epigenetic alterations are also common to solid tumors, the therapeutic efficacy of decitabine in colorectal adenocarcinomas (COAD) is unfavorable. Current research focuses on an identification of combination therapies either with chemotherapeutics or checkpoint inhibitors in modulating the tumor microenvironment. Here we report a series of molecular investigations to evaluate potency of decitabine, the histone deacetylase inhibitor PBA and the cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor tetrahydrouridine (THU) in patient derived functional and p53 null colon cancer cell lines (CCCL). We focused on the inhibition of cell proliferation, the recovery of tumor suppressors and programmed cell death, and established clinical relevance by evaluating drug responsive genes among 270 COAD patients. Furthermore, we evaluated treatment responses based on CpG island density. RESULTS Decitabine caused marked repression of the DNMT1 protein. Conversely, PBA treatment of CCCL recovered acetylation of histone 3 lysine residues, and this enabled an open chromatin state. Unlike single decitabine treatment, the combined decitabine/PBA treatment caused > 95% inhibition of cell proliferation, prevented cell cycle progression especially in the S and G2-phase and induced programmed cell death. Decitabine and PBA differed in their ability to facilitate re-expression of genes localized on different chromosomes, and the combined decitabine/PBA treatment was most effective in the re-expression of 40 tumor suppressors and 13 genes typically silenced in cancer-associated genomic regions of COAD patients. Furthermore, this treatment repressed expression of 11 survival (anti-apoptotic) genes and augmented expression of X-chromosome inactivated genes, especially the lncRNA Xist to facilitate p53-mediated apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of CDA by THU or its gene knockdown prevented decitabine inactivation. Strikingly, PBA treatment recovered the expression of the decitabine drug-uptake transporter SLC15A1, thus enabling high tumor drug-loads. Finally, for 26 drug responsive genes we demonstrated improved survival in COAD patients. CONCLUSION The combined decitabine/PBA/THU drug treatment improved drug potency considerably, and given their existing regulatory approval, our findings merit prospective clinical trials for the triple combination in COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiao Tang
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lu Liu
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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13
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Montinaro A, Walczak H. Harnessing TRAIL-induced cell death for cancer therapy: a long walk with thrilling discoveries. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:237-249. [PMID: 36195672 PMCID: PMC9950482 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) can induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo, importantly without killing any essential normal cells. These findings formed the basis for the development of TRAIL-receptor agonists (TRAs) for cancer therapy. However, clinical trials conducted with different types of TRAs have, thus far, afforded only limited therapeutic benefit, as either the respectively chosen agonist showed insufficient anticancer activity or signs of toxicity, or the right TRAIL-comprising combination therapy was not employed. Therefore, in this review we will discuss molecular determinants of TRAIL resistance, the most promising TRAIL-sensitizing agents discovered to date and, importantly, whether any of these could also prove therapeutically efficacious upon cancer relapse following conventional first-line therapies. We will also discuss the more recent progress made with regards to the clinical development of highly active non-immunogenic next generation TRAs. Based thereupon, we next propose how TRAIL resistance might be successfully overcome, leading to the possible future development of highly potent, cancer-selective combination therapies that are based on our current understanding of biology TRAIL-induced cell death. It is possible that such therapies may offer the opportunity to tackle one of the major current obstacles to effective cancer therapy, namely overcoming chemo- and/or targeted-therapy resistance. Even if this were achievable only for certain types of therapy resistance and only for particular types of cancer, this would be a significant and meaningful achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Montinaro
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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14
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Wood SJ, Goldufsky JW, Seu MY, Dorafshar AH, Shafikhani SH. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cytotoxins: Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity and Impact on Inflammatory Responses. Cells 2023; 12:cells12010195. [PMID: 36611990 PMCID: PMC9818787 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most virulent opportunistic Gram-negative bacterial pathogens in humans. It causes many acute and chronic infections with morbidity and mortality rates as high as 40%. P. aeruginosa owes its pathogenic versatility to a large arsenal of cell-associated and secreted virulence factors which enable this pathogen to colonize various niches within hosts and protect it from host innate immune defenses. Induction of cytotoxicity in target host cells is a major virulence strategy for P. aeruginosa during the course of infection. P. aeruginosa has invested heavily in this strategy, as manifested by a plethora of cytotoxins that can induce various forms of cell death in target host cells. In this review, we provide an in-depth review of P. aeruginosa cytotoxins based on their mechanisms of cytotoxicity and the possible consequences of their cytotoxicity on host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Wood
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Josef W. Goldufsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Michelle Y. Seu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amir H. Dorafshar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sasha H. Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Khlebodarova TM, Demenkov PS, Ivanisenko TV, Antropova EA, Lavrik IN, Ivanisenko VA. Primary and Secondary micro-RNA Modulation the Extrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Mol Biol 2023; 57:165-175. [PMID: 37128213 PMCID: PMC10131518 DOI: 10.1134/s0026893323020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract-One of the most common malignant liver diseases is hepatocellular carcinoma, which has a high recurrence rate and a low five-year survival rate. It is very heterogeneous both in structure and between patients, which complicates the diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatment. In this regard, an individualized, patient-centered approach becomes important, in which the use of mimetics and hsa-miRNA inhibitors involved in the pathogenesis of the disease may be determinative. From this point of view hsa-miRNAs are of interest, their aberrant expression is associated with poor prognosis for patients and is associated with tumor progression due to dysregulation of programmed cell death (apoptosis). However, the effect of hsa-miRNA on tumor development depends not only on its direct effect on expression of genes, the primary targets, but also on secondary targets mediated by regulatory pathways. While the former are actively studied, the role of secondary targets of these hsa-miRNAs in modulating apoptosis is still unclear. The present work summarizes data on hsa-miRNAs whose primary targets are key genes of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Their aberrant expression is associated with early disease relapse and poor patient outcome. For these hsa-miRNAs, using the software package ANDSystem, we reconstructed the regulation of the expression of secondary targets and analyzed their impact on the activity of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. The potential effect of hsa-miRNAs mediated by action on secondary targets is shown to negatively correlate with the number of primary targets. It is also shown that hsa-miR-373, hsa-miR-106b and hsa-miR-96 have the highest priority as markers of hepatocellular carcinoma, whose action on secondary targets enhances their anti-apoptotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Khlebodarova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - P. S. Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T. V. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E. A. Antropova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I. N. Lavrik
- Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - V. A. Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Kurchatov Genomic Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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16
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S-phase arrest and apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells via mitochondrial dependent pathway induced by tricyclohexylphosphine gold (I) n-mercaptobenzoate complexes. Life Sci 2022; 311:121161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Moser R, Annis J, Nikolova O, Whatcott C, Gurley K, Mendez E, Moran-Jones K, Dorrell C, Sears RC, Kuo C, Han H, Biankin A, Grandori C, Von Hoff DD, Kemp CJ. Pharmacologic Targeting of TFIIH Suppresses KRAS-Mutant Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Synergizes with TRAIL. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3375-3393. [PMID: 35819261 PMCID: PMC9481717 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) typically presents as metastatic disease at diagnosis and remains refractory to treatment. Next-generation sequencing efforts have described the genomic landscape, classified molecular subtypes, and confirmed frequent alterations in major driver genes, with coexistent alterations in KRAS and TP53 correlating with the highest metastatic burden and poorest outcomes. However, translating this information to guide therapy remains a challenge. By integrating genomic analysis with an arrayed RNAi druggable genome screen and drug profiling of a KRAS/TP53 mutant PDAC cell line derived from a patient-derived xenograft (PDCL), we identified numerous targetable vulnerabilities that reveal both known and novel functional aspects of pancreatic cancer biology. A dependence on the general transcription and DNA repair factor TFIIH complex, particularly the XPB subunit and the CAK complex (CDK7/CyclinH/MAT1), was identified and further validated utilizing a panel of genomically subtyped KRAS mutant PDCLs. TFIIH function was inhibited with a covalent inhibitor of CDK7/12/13 (THZ1), a CDK7/CDK9 kinase inhibitor (SNS-032), and a covalent inhibitor of XPB (triptolide), which led to disruption of the protein stability of the RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1. Loss of RPB1 following TFIIH inhibition led to downregulation of key transcriptional effectors of KRAS-mutant signaling and negative regulators of apoptosis, including MCL1, XIAP, and CFLAR, initiating caspase-8 dependent apoptosis. All three drugs exhibited synergy in combination with a multivalent TRAIL, effectively reinforcing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. These findings present a novel combination therapy, with direct translational implications for current clinical trials on metastatic pancreatic cancer patients. Significance: This study utilizes functional genetic and pharmacological profiling of KRAS-mutant pancreatic adenocarcinoma to identify therapeutic strategies and finds that TFIIH inhibition synergizes with TRAIL to induce apoptosis in KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Moser
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - James Annis
- Quellos High Throughput Facility, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Research, Seattle, Washington
| | - Olga Nikolova
- Department of Computational Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Cliff Whatcott
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Kay Gurley
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Eduardo Mendez
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kim Moran-Jones
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Dorrell
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Rosalie C Sears
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Calvin Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Haiyong Han
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Andrew Biankin
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division, Phoenix, Arizona
| | | | - Daniel D Von Hoff
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Molecular Medicine Division, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Christopher J Kemp
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
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18
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Lai HT, Naumova N, Marchais A, Gaspar N, Geoerger B, Brenner C. Insight into the interplay between mitochondria-regulated cell death and energetic metabolism in osteosarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:948097. [PMID: 36072341 PMCID: PMC9441498 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.948097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a pediatric malignant bone tumor that predominantly affects adolescent and young adults. It has high risk for relapse and over the last four decades no improvement of prognosis was achieved. It is therefore crucial to identify new drug candidates for OS treatment to combat drug resistance, limit relapse, and stop metastatic spread. Two acquired hallmarks of cancer cells, mitochondria-related regulated cell death (RCD) and metabolism are intimately connected. Both have been shown to be dysregulated in OS, making them attractive targets for novel treatment. Promising OS treatment strategies focus on promoting RCD by targeting key molecular actors in metabolic reprogramming. The exact interplay in OS, however, has not been systematically analyzed. We therefore review these aspects by synthesizing current knowledge in apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy in OS. Additionally, we outline an overview of mitochondrial function and metabolic profiles in different preclinical OS models. Finally, we discuss the mechanism of action of two novel molecule combinations currently investigated in active clinical trials: metformin and the combination of ADI-PEG20, Docetaxel and Gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Toan Lai
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Nataliia Naumova
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Brenner
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- *Correspondence: Catherine Brenner,
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19
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McAleese CE, Butcher NJ, Minchin RF. Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 deficiency inhibits drug-induced cell death in breast cancer cells: switch from cytochrome C-dependent apoptosis to necroptosis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 195:223-236. [PMID: 35918499 PMCID: PMC9464750 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) deficiency has been associated with drug resistance and poor outcomes in breast cancer patients. The current study aimed to investigate drug resistance in vitro using normal breast cancer cell lines and NAT1-deficient cell lines to understand the changes induced by the lack of NAT1 that resulted in poor drug response. Methods The response to seven chemotherapeutic agents was quantified following NAT1 deletion using CRISPR-Cas 9 in MDA-MB-231 and T-47D cells. Apoptosis was monitored by annexin V staining and caspase 3/7 activity. Cytochrome C release and caspase 8 and 9 activities were measured by Western blots. Caspase 8 was inhibited using Z-IETD-FMK and necroptosis was inhibited using necrostatin and necrosulfonamide. Results Compared to parental cells, NAT1 depleted cells were resistant to drug treatment. This could be reversed following NAT1 rescue of the NAT1 deleted cells. Release of cytochrome C in response to treatment was decreased in the NAT1 depleted cells, suggesting suppression of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In addition, NAT1 knockout resulted in a decrease in caspase 8 activation. Treatment with necrosulfonamide showed that NAT1 deficient cells switched from intrinsic apoptosis to necroptosis when treated with the anti-cancer drug cisplatin. Conclusions NAT1 deficiency can switch cell death from apoptosis to necroptosis resulting in decreased response to cytotoxic drugs. The absence of NAT1 in patient tumours may be a useful biomarker for selecting alternative treatments in a subset of breast cancer patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10549-022-06668-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E McAleese
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Neville J Butcher
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Rodney F Minchin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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20
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Winship AL, Alesi LR, Sant S, Stringer JM, Cantavenera A, Hegarty T, Requesens CL, Liew SH, Sarma U, Griffiths MJ, Zerafa N, Fox SB, Brown E, Caramia F, Zareie P, La Gruta NL, Phillips KA, Strasser A, Loi S, Hutt KJ. Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy diminishes oocyte number and quality in mice. NATURE CANCER 2022; 3:1-13. [PMID: 36008687 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00413-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Loss of fertility is a major concern for female reproductive-age cancer survivors, since a common side-effect of conventional cytotoxic cancer therapies is permanent damage to the ovary. While immunotherapies are increasingly becoming a standard of care for many cancers-including in the curative setting-their impacts on ovarian function and fertility are unknown. We evaluated the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors blocking programmed cell death protein ligand 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 on the ovary using tumor-bearing and tumor-free mouse models. We find that immune checkpoint inhibition increases immune cell infiltration and tumor necrosis factor-α expression within the ovary, diminishes the ovarian follicular reserve and impairs the ability of oocytes to mature and ovulate. These data demonstrate that immune checkpoint inhibitors have the potential to impair both immediate and future fertility, and studies in women should be prioritized. Additionally, fertility preservation should be strongly considered for women receiving these immunotherapies, and preventative strategies should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Winship
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren R Alesi
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sneha Sant
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica M Stringer
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aldana Cantavenera
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Teharn Hegarty
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carolina Lliberos Requesens
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Seng H Liew
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Urooza Sarma
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meaghan J Griffiths
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nadeen Zerafa
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen B Fox
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emmaline Brown
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Franco Caramia
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pirooz Zareie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole L La Gruta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Karla J Hutt
- Development and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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21
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Qian L, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SM, Athari SS. Mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. J Investig Med 2022; 70:863-882. [PMID: 35168999 PMCID: PMC9016245 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems, cellular differentiation, growth, death, apoptosis, and autophagy as well as hypoxic stress responses in various diseases. Asthma is a chronic complicated airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling of airway. The asthma mortality and morbidity rates have increased worldwide, so understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma progression is necessary for new anti-asthma drug development. The lung is an oxygen-rich organ, and mitochondria, by sensing and processing O2, contribute to the generation of ROS and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Asthma pathophysiology has been tightly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP synthase activity, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis induction, and abnormal calcium homeostasis. Defects of the mitochondrial play an essential role in the pro-remodeling mechanisms of lung fibrosis and airway cells' apoptosis. Identification of mitochondrial therapeutic targets can help repair mitochondrial biogenesis and dysfunction and reverse related pathological changes and lung structural remodeling in asthma. Therefore, we here overviewed the relationship between mitochondrial signaling pathways and asthma pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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22
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Zhou X, Suo F, Haslinger K, Quax WJ. Artemisinin-Type Drugs in Tumor Cell Death: Mechanisms, Combination Treatment with Biologics and Nanoparticle Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:395. [PMID: 35214127 PMCID: PMC8875250 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin, the most famous anti-malaria drug initially extracted from Artemisia annua L., also exhibits anti-tumor properties in vivo and in vitro. To improve its solubility and bioavailability, multiple derivatives have been synthesized. However, to reveal the anti-tumor mechanism and improve the efficacy of these artemisinin-type drugs, studies have been conducted in recent years. In this review, we first provide an overview of the effect of artemisinin-type drugs on the regulated cell death pathways, which may uncover novel therapeutic approaches. Then, to overcome the shortcomings of artemisinin-type drugs, we summarize the recent advances in two different therapeutic approaches, namely the combination therapy with biologics influencing regulated cell death, and the use of nanocarriers as drug delivery systems. For the former approach, we discuss the superiority of combination treatments compared to monotherapy in tumor cells based on their effects on regulated cell death. For the latter approach, we give a systematic overview of nanocarrier design principles used to deliver artemisinin-type drugs, including inorganic-based nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, polymer-based nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers and niosomes. Both approaches have yielded promising findings in vitro and in vivo, providing a strong scientific basis for further study and upcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristina Haslinger
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (X.Z.); (F.S.)
| | - Wim J. Quax
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (X.Z.); (F.S.)
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Gogoi M, Hati Boruah JL, Bora PK, Das DJ, Famhawite V, Biswas A, Puro N, Kalita J, Haldar S, Baishya R. Citrus macroptera induces apoptosis via death receptor and mitochondrial mediated pathway as prooxidant in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Myocardial Damage by SARS-CoV-2: Emerging Mechanisms and Therapies. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091880. [PMID: 34578462 PMCID: PMC8473126 DOI: 10.3390/v13091880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence is emerging that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect various organs of the body, including cardiomyocytes and cardiac endothelial cells in the heart. This review focuses on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 in the heart after direct infection that can lead to myocarditis and an outline of potential treatment options. The main points are: (1) Viral entry: SARS-CoV-2 uses specific receptors and proteases for docking and priming in cardiac cells. Thus, different receptors or protease inhibitors might be effective in SARS-CoV-2-infected cardiac cells. (2) Viral replication: SARS-CoV-2 uses RNA-dependent RNA polymerase for replication. Drugs acting against ssRNA(+) viral replication for cardiac cells can be effective. (3) Autophagy and double-membrane vesicles: SARS-CoV-2 manipulates autophagy to inhibit viral clearance and promote SARS-CoV-2 replication by creating double-membrane vesicles as replication sites. (4) Immune response: Host immune response is manipulated to evade host cell attacks against SARS-CoV-2 and increased inflammation by dysregulating immune cells. Efficiency of immunosuppressive therapy must be elucidated. (5) Programmed cell death: SARS-CoV-2 inhibits programmed cell death in early stages and induces apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in later stages. (6) Energy metabolism: SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to disturbed energy metabolism that in turn leads to a decrease in ATP production and ROS production. (7) Viroporins: SARS-CoV-2 creates viroporins that lead to an imbalance of ion homeostasis. This causes apoptosis, altered action potential, and arrhythmia.
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Identification and Characterization of Human Norovirus NTPase Regions Required for Lipid Droplet Localization, Cellular Apoptosis, and Interaction with the Viral P22 Protein. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0042221. [PMID: 34431704 PMCID: PMC8552650 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00422-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human norovirus (HuNV)-encoded nucleoside-triphosphatase (NTPase) is a multifunctional protein critically involved in viral replication and pathogenesis. Previously, we have shown that the viral NTPase is capable of forming vesicle clusters in cells, interacting with other viral proteins such as P22, and promoting cellular apoptosis. Herein, we demonstrate that NTPase-associated vesicle clusters correspond to lipid droplets (LDs) wrapped by the viral protein and show that NTPase-induced apoptosis is mediated through both caspase-8- and caspase-9-dependent pathways. Deletion analysis revealed that the N-terminal 179-amino-acid (aa) region of NTPase encompasses two LD-targeting motifs (designated LTM-1 and LTM-2), two apoptosis-inducing motifs, and multiple regulatory regions. Interestingly, the identified LTM-1 and LTM-2, which are located from aa 1 to 50 and from aa 51 to 90, respectively, overlap with the two apoptosis-inducing motifs. Although there was no positive correlation between the extent of LD localization and the degree of cellular apoptosis for NTPase mutants, we noticed that mutant proteins defective in LD-targeting ability could not induce cellular apoptosis. In addition to LD targeting, the amphipathic LTM-1 and LTM-2 motifs could have the potential to direct fusion proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Furthermore, we found that the LTM-1 motif is a P22-interacting motif. However, P22 functionally augmented the proapoptotic activity of the LTM-2 fusion protein but not the LTM-1 fusion protein. Overall, our findings propose that NTPase may participate in multiple cellular processes through binding to LDs or to the ER via its N-terminal amphipathic helix motifs. IMPORTANCE Human noroviruses (HuNVs) are the major agent of global gastroenteritis outbreaks. However, due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system for HuNV propagation, functions of the viral-encoded proteins in host cells are still poorly understood. In the current study, we present that the viral NTPase is a lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein, and we identify two LD-targeting motifs, LTM-1 and LTM-2, in its N-terminal domain. In particular, the identified LTM-1 and LTM-2 motifs, which contain a hydrophobic region and an amphipathic helix, are also capable of delivering the fusion protein to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), promoting cellular apoptosis, and physically or functionally associating with another viral protein P22. Since LDs and the ER have been linked to several biological functions in cells, our study therefore proposes that the norovirus NTPase may utilize LDs or the ER as replication platforms to benefit viral replication and pathogenesis.
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Mandal P, Nagrani LN, Hernandez L, McCormick AL, Dillon CP, Koehler HS, Roback L, Alnemri ES, Green DR, Mocarski ES. Multiple Autonomous Cell Death Suppression Strategies Ensure Cytomegalovirus Fitness. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091707. [PMID: 34578288 PMCID: PMC8473406 DOI: 10.3390/v13091707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death pathways eliminate infected cells and regulate infection-associated inflammation during pathogen invasion. Cytomegaloviruses encode several distinct suppressors that block intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, and necroptosis, pathways that impact pathogenesis of this ubiquitous herpesvirus. Here, we expanded the understanding of three cell autonomous suppression mechanisms on which murine cytomegalovirus relies: (i) M38.5-encoded viral mitochondrial inhibitor of apoptosis (vMIA), a BAX suppressor that functions in concert with M41.1-encoded viral inhibitor of BAK oligomerization (vIBO), (ii) M36-encoded viral inhibitor of caspase-8 activation (vICA), and (iii) M45-encoded viral inhibitor of RIP/RHIM activation (vIRA). Following infection of bone marrow-derived macrophages, the virus initially deflected receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK)3-dependent necroptosis, the most potent of the three cell death pathways. This process remained independent of caspase-8, although suppression of this apoptotic protease enhances necroptosis in most cell types. Second, the virus deflected TNF-mediated extrinsic apoptosis, a pathway dependent on autocrine TNF production by macrophages that proceeds independently of mitochondrial death machinery or RIPK3. Third, cytomegalovirus deflected BCL-2 family protein-dependent mitochondrial cell death through combined TNF-dependent and -independent signaling even in the absence of RIPK1, RIPK3, and caspase-8. Furthermore, each of these cell death pathways dictated a distinct pattern of cytokine and chemokine activation. Therefore, cytomegalovirus employs sequential, non-redundant suppression strategies to specifically modulate the timing and execution of necroptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, and intrinsic apoptosis within infected cells to orchestrate virus control and infection-dependent inflammation. Virus-encoded death suppressors together hold control over an intricate network that upends host defense and supports pathogenesis in the intact mammalian host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratyusha Mandal
- Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (L.H.); (H.S.K.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (E.S.M.); Tel.: +404-727-0563 (P.M.); +404-727-4273 (E.S.M.)
| | | | - Liliana Hernandez
- Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (L.H.); (H.S.K.); (L.R.)
| | | | | | - Heather S. Koehler
- Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (L.H.); (H.S.K.); (L.R.)
| | - Linda Roback
- Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (L.H.); (H.S.K.); (L.R.)
| | - Emad S. Alnemri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Douglas R. Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;
| | - Edward S. Mocarski
- Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (L.H.); (H.S.K.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (E.S.M.); Tel.: +404-727-0563 (P.M.); +404-727-4273 (E.S.M.)
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Lu X, Wen Y, Zhang S, Zhang W, Chen Y, Shen Y, Lemieux MJ, Campbell RE. Photocleavable proteins that undergo fast and efficient dissociation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9658-9672. [PMID: 34349937 PMCID: PMC8293800 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01059j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocleavable molecules can enable the light-dependent modulation of biomolecular activities with high spatiotemporal precision. We have previously reported a photocleavable protein (PhoCl1) that, uniquely, is a fully genetically encoded photocleavable molecule that can be introduced into cells in the form of its corresponding gene to enable optogenetic control of biomolecular activities. However, the first generation PhoCl1 exhibited a relatively slow rate of dissociation, potentially limiting its utility. Here, we report the X-ray crystal structures of the PhoCl1 green state, red state, and cleaved empty barrel. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to provide insight into the precise dissociation mechanism. Using structure-guided engineering and directed evolution, we have developed PhoCl2c with higher contrast ratio and PhoCl2f with faster dissociation. We characterized the performance of these new variants as purified proteins and in cultured cells. Our results demonstrate that PhoCl2 variants exhibit faster and more efficient dissociation, which should enable improved optogenetic manipulations of protein localization and protein-protein interactions in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocen Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Yurong Wen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2H7 Canada
| | - Shuce Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Yilun Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2H7 Canada
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - M Joanne Lemieux
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2H7 Canada
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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Chemical constituents from basidiomycete Basidioradulum radula culture medium and their cytotoxic effect on human prostate cancer DU-145 cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105064. [PMID: 34134032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eight new naphtho[1,2-c]furan derivatives (1-8) along with six known analogues (9-14) were isolated from culture medium of the basidiomycete Basidioradulum radula. The structures of these compounds were identified using spectroscopic analysis, and their absolute configurations were resolved using X-ray diffraction, ECD, and VCD. Compounds 7 and 14 inhibited the cell viability of human prostate cancer DU-145 cells with IC50 values of 7.54 ± 0.03 μM and 5.04 ± 0.03 μM, respectively. At 8 μM, compounds 7 and 14 increased the percentage of apoptotic cells and upregulated the protein expression related to the apoptosis caspase pathways in DU-145 cells. Furthermore, the hallmarks of cells undergoing apoptosis, such as chromatin condensation, were also observed at this concentration. However, compound 7 and 14 showed no effect on the proliferation of splenocytes isolated from cyclophosphamide-induce immunosuppressed mice.
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Tang C, Cai J, Yin XM, Weinberg JM, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. Mitochondrial quality control in kidney injury and repair. Nat Rev Nephrol 2021; 17:299-318. [PMID: 33235391 PMCID: PMC8958893 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-020-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for the activity, function and viability of eukaryotic cells and mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease, as well as in abnormal kidney repair after AKI. Multiple quality control mechanisms, including antioxidant defence, protein quality control, mitochondrial DNA repair, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, have evolved to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. Loss of these mechanisms may induce mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, leading to cell death, tissue injury and, potentially, organ failure. Accumulating evidence suggests a role of disturbances in mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of AKI, incomplete or maladaptive kidney repair and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, specific interventions that target mitochondrial quality control mechanisms to preserve and restore mitochondrial function have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat kidney injury and accelerate kidney repair. However, clinical translation of these findings is challenging owing to potential adverse effects, unclear mechanisms of action and a lack of knowledge of the specific roles and regulation of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms in kidney resident and circulating cell types during injury and repair of the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joel M. Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Manjeri A. Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,
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Chipuk JE, Mohammed JN, Gelles JD, Chen Y. Mechanistic connections between mitochondrial biology and regulated cell death. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1221-1233. [PMID: 33887204 PMCID: PMC8102388 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ancient, dynamic, and multifaceted functions of the mitochondrial network are essential for organismal homeostasis and contribute to numerous human diseases. As central hubs for metabolism, ion transport, and multiple macromolecular synthesis pathways, mitochondria establish and control extensive signaling networks to ensure cellular survival. In this review, we explore how these same mitochondrial functions also participate in the control of regulated cell death (RCD). We discuss the complementary essential mitochondrial functions as compartments that participate in the production and presentation of key molecules and platforms that actively enable, initiate, and execute RCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Edward Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Jarvier N Mohammed
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jesse D Gelles
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yiyang Chen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Gottlieb RA, Piplani H, Sin J, Sawaged S, Hamid SM, Taylor DJ, de Freitas Germano J. At the heart of mitochondrial quality control: many roads to the top. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3791-3801. [PMID: 33544154 PMCID: PMC8106602 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial quality control depends upon selective elimination of damaged mitochondria, replacement by mitochondrial biogenesis, redistribution of mitochondrial components across the network by fusion, and segregation of damaged mitochondria by fission prior to mitophagy. In this review, we focus on mitochondrial dynamics (fusion/fission), mitophagy, and other mechanisms supporting mitochondrial quality control including maintenance of mtDNA and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, particularly in the context of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta A Gottlieb
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, AHSP9313, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Honit Piplani
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, AHSP9313, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Jon Sin
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, AHSP9313, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Savannah Sawaged
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, AHSP9313, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Syed M Hamid
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, AHSP9313, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - David J Taylor
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, AHSP9313, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Juliana de Freitas Germano
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, AHSP9313, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
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32
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Knoll G, Ehrenschwender M. The non-peptidomimetic IAP antagonist ASTX660 sensitizes colorectal cancer cells for extrinsic apoptosis. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:714-723. [PMID: 33484626 PMCID: PMC7931242 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis resistance worsens treatment response in cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins can restore cell death and improve treatment efficacy. cIAP1, cIAP2, and XIAP belong to the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family and block apoptosis. Targeting IAPs with peptides or peptidomimetics mimicking the IAP-antagonizing activity of the cell's endogenous IAP antagonist SMAC (SMAC mimetics) showed promising results and fueled development of novel compounds. ASTX660 belongs to the recently introduced class of non-peptidomimetic IAP antagonists and successfully completed phase I clinical trials. However, ASTX660 has thus far only been evaluated in few cancer entities. Here, we demonstrate that ASTX660 has cell death-promoting activity in colorectal cancer and provide a head-to-head comparison with birinapant, the clinically most advanced peptidomimetic IAP antagonist. ASTX660 facilitates activation of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway upon stimulation with the death ligands TNF and TRAIL and boosts effector caspase activation and subsequent apoptosis. Mechanistically, ASTX660 enhances amplification of death receptor-generated apoptotic signals in a mitochondria-dependent manner. Failure to activate the mitochondria-associated (intrinsic) apoptosis pathway attenuated the apoptosis-promoting effect of ASTX660. Further clinical studies are warranted to highlight the therapeutic potential of ASTX660 in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertrud Knoll
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and HygieneUniversity Hospital RegensburgGermany
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33
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Lin X, Gajendran B, Varier KM, Liu W, Song J, Rao Q, Wang C, Qiu J, Ni W, Qin X, Wen M, Liu H, Li Y. Paris Saponin VII Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Erythroleukemia Cells by a Mitochondrial Membrane Signaling Pathway. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:498-507. [PMID: 32538736 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200615134039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Leukemia is considered a top-listed ailment, according to WHO, which contributes to the death of a major population of the world every year. Paris Saponin VII (PS), a saponin which was isolated from the roots of Trillium kamtschaticum, from our group, was reported to provide hemostatic, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. However, its molecular mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative effects remains unclear. Thus, this study hypothesized to assess that mechanism in PS treated HEL cells. METHODS The MTT assay was used to analyze the PS inhibited cell viability in the HEL cells. We further found that PS could induce S phase cell cycle arrest through flow cytometry as well as the western blot analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic molecules. RESULTS The MTT assay showed the IC50 concentration of PS as 0.667μM. The study revealed that PS treatment inhibits cell proliferation dose-dependently. It further caused mitochondrial membrane potential changes by PS treatment. Mechanistic protein expression revealed a dose-dependent upsurge for Bid and Bim molecules, while Bcl2 and PARP expression levels were significantly (P<0.05) down-regulated in PS treated HEL cells resulting in caspase -3 release and increased the Bim levels upon 24h of incubation. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that PS possesses an excellent anti-leukemic activity via the regulation of the mitochondrial pathway, leading to S phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis, suggesting it as a potential alternative chemotherapeutic agent for leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
| | - Krishnapriya M Varier
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu-600113, India
| | - Wuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
| | - Jingrui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
| | - Qing Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
| | - Jianfei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
| | - Wei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - XuJie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Min Wen
- College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province- 550014, China
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Tartaglione MF, Eléxpuru Zabaleta M, Lazzarini R, Piva F, Busilacchi EM, Poloni A, Ledda C, Rapisarda V, Santarelli L, Bracci M. Apoptotic mechanism activated by blue light and cisplatinum in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:48. [PMID: 33576463 PMCID: PMC7891828 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
New approaches are being studied for the treatment of skin cancer. It has been reported that light combined with cisplatinum may be effective against skin cancer. In the present study, the effects of specific light radiations and cisplatinum on A431 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and HaCaT non-tumorigenic cell lines were investigated. Both cell lines were exposed to blue and red light sources for 3 days prior to cisplatinum treatment. Viability, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and apoptotic-related protein expression levels were investigated. The present results highlighted that combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum was more effective in reducing cell viability compared with single treatments. Specifically, an increase in the apoptotic rate was observed when the cells were treated with blue light and cisplatinum, as compared to treatment with blue light or cisplatinum alone. Combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum also caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase. Treatment with cisplatinum following light exposure induced the expression of apoptotic proteins in the A431 and HaCaT cell lines, which tended to follow different apoptotic mechanisms. On the whole, these data indicate that blue light combined with cisplatinum may be a promising treatment for cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fiorella Tartaglione
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - María Eléxpuru Zabaleta
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Marinelli Busilacchi
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
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Du Y, Taylor CG, Aukema HM, Zahradka P. Regulation of docosahexaenoic acid-induced apoptosis of confluent endothelial cells: Contributions of MAPKs and caspases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158902. [PMID: 33578050 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells, which help to maintain vascular homeostasis, can be functionally modulated by polyunsaturated fatty acids. Previously, we reported that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduced the viability of confluent EA.hy926 endothelial cells with caspase-3 activation. This study therefore examined the molecular mechanism by which DHA affects the viability of confluent cells, with a focus on the interaction between caspase-9, caspase-8, caspase-3, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by Western blotting. Our results revealed that DHA induces apoptosis of confluent cells through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, which requires activation of p38 MAPK, and involves activation of JNK, caspase-9, caspase-8 and caspase-3 with the exception that cleavage of caspase-8 was incomplete and truncated BID was not detected at the maximum time (8 h) examined. Apoptosis induced by high levels of DHA in healthy endothelial cells is achieved through positive feedback loops linking these MAPKs to multiple caspases, as well as negative feedback from p38 MAPK to JNK. However, only p38 MAPK is crucial in apoptosis induction in comparison with JNK or any other caspase examined. This study has expanded the knowledge on the molecular mechanism of DHA-induced apoptosis in human endothelial cells and has also implied the differential roles of MAP kinases and caspases in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Du
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Zheng DJ, Abou Taka M, Heit B. Role of Apoptotic Cell Clearance in Pneumonia and Inflammatory Lung Disease. Pathogens 2021; 10:134. [PMID: 33572846 PMCID: PMC7912081 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia and inflammatory diseases of the pulmonary system such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. While the etiology of these diseases is highly different, they share a number of similarities in the underlying inflammatory processes driving disease pathology. Multiple recent studies have identified failures in efferocytosis-the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells-as a common driver of inflammation and tissue destruction in these diseases. Effective efferocytosis has been shown to be important for resolving inflammatory diseases of the lung and the subsequent restoration of normal lung function, while many pneumonia-causing pathogens manipulate the efferocytic system to enhance their growth and avoid immunity. Moreover, some treatments used to manage these patients, such as inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the prevalent use of statins for cardiovascular disease, have been found to beneficially alter efferocytic activity in these patients. In this review, we provide an overview of the efferocytic process and its role in the pathophysiology and resolution of pneumonia and other inflammatory diseases of the lungs, and discuss the utility of existing and emerging therapies for modulating efferocytosis as potential treatments for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jiao Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Maria Abou Taka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
| | - Bryan Heit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N0M 2N0, Canada; (D.J.Z.); (M.A.T.)
- Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada
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Singh D, Tewari M, Singh S, Narayan G. Revisiting the role of TRAIL/TRAIL-R in cancer biology and therapy. Future Oncol 2021; 17:581-596. [PMID: 33401962 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF superfamily, can induce apoptosis in cancer cells, sparing normal cells when bound to its associated death receptors (DR4/DR5). This unique mechanism makes TRAIL a potential anticancer therapeutic agent. However, clinical trials of recombinant TRAIL protein and TRAIL receptor agonist monoclonal antibodies have shown disappointing results due to its short half-life, poor pharmacokinetics and the resistance of the cancer cells. This review summarizes TRAIL-induced apoptotic and survival pathways as well as mechanisms leading to apoptotic resistance. Recent development of methods to overcome cancer cell resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, such as protein modification, combination therapy and TRAIL-based gene therapy, appear promising. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in the development of TRAIL-based therapies for the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Singh
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Mallika Tewari
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sunita Singh
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Gopeshwar Narayan
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Suraweera CD, Hinds MG, Kvansakul M. Poxviral Strategies to Overcome Host Cell Apoptosis. Pathogens 2020; 10:pathogens10010006. [PMID: 33374867 PMCID: PMC7823800 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a form of cellular suicide initiated either via extracellular (extrinsic apoptosis) or intracellular (intrinsic apoptosis) cues. This form of programmed cell death plays a crucial role in development and tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms and its dysregulation is an underlying cause for many diseases. Intrinsic apoptosis is regulated by members of the evolutionarily conserved B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family, a family that consists of pro- and anti-apoptotic members. Bcl-2 genes have also been assimilated by numerous viruses including pox viruses, in particular the sub-family of chordopoxviridae, a group of viruses known to infect almost all vertebrates. The viral Bcl-2 proteins are virulence factors and aid the evasion of host immune defenses by mimicking the activity of their cellular counterparts. Viral Bcl-2 genes have proved essential for the survival of virus infected cells and structural studies have shown that though they often share very little sequence identity with their cellular counterparts, they have near-identical 3D structures. However, their mechanisms of action are varied. In this review, we examine the structural biology, molecular interactions, and detailed mechanism of action of poxvirus encoded apoptosis inhibitors and how they impact on host–virus interactions to ultimately enable successful infection and propagation of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathura D. Suraweera
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
| | - Mark G. Hinds
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Correspondence: (M.G.H.); (M.K.)
| | - Marc Kvansakul
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
- Correspondence: (M.G.H.); (M.K.)
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Lith SC, van Os BW, Seijkens TTP, de Vries CJM. 'Nur'turing tumor T cell tolerance and exhaustion: novel function for Nuclear Receptor Nur77 in immunity. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1643-1652. [PMID: 33063848 PMCID: PMC7702156 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor Nur77 is expressed in a multitude of tissues, regulating cell differentiation and homeostasis. Dysregulation of Nur77 signaling is associated with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and disorders of the CNS. The role of Nur77 in T cells has been studied for almost 30 years now. There is a clear appreciation that Nur77 is crucial for apoptosis of self‐reactive T cells. However, the regulation and function of Nur77 in mature T cells remains largely unclear. In an exciting development, Nur77 has been recently demonstrated to impinge on cancer immunotherapy involving chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). These studies indicated that Nur77 deficiency reduced T cell tolerance and exhaustion, thus raising the effectiveness of immune therapy in mice. Based on these novel insights, it may be proposed that regulation of Nur77 activity holds promise for innovative drug development in the field of cellular immunotherapy in cancer. In this review, we therefore summarize the role of Nur77 in T cell selection and maturation; and further develop the idea of targeting its activity in these cells as a potential strategy to augment current cancer immunotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne C Lith
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram W van Os
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom T P Seijkens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlie J M de Vries
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Dojo Soeandy C, Elia AJ, Cao Y, Rodgers C, Huang S, Elia AC, Henderson JT. Necroptotic-Apoptotic Regulation in an Endothelin-1 Model of Cerebral Ischemia. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:1727-1742. [PMID: 32844322 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The primary forms of cell death seen in ischemic stroke are of two major types: a necrotic/necroptotic form, and an apoptotic form that is frequently seen in penumbral regions of injury. Typically apoptotic versus necroptotic programmed cell death is described as competitive in nature, where necroptosis is often described as playing a backup role to apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the relationship between these two forms of cell death in a murine endothelin-1 model of ischemia-reperfusion injury in wildtype and caspase-3 null mice with and without addition of the pharmacologic RIPK1 phosphorylation inhibitor necrostatin-1. Analyses of ischemic brain injury were performed via both cellular and volumetric assessments, electron microscopy, TUNEL staining, activated caspase-3 and caspase-7 staining, as well as CD11b and F4/80 staining. Inhibition of caspase-3 or RIPK1 phosphorylation demonstrates significant neural protective effects which are non-additive and exhibit significant overlap in protected regions. Interestingly, morphologic analysis of the cortex demonstrates reduced apoptosis following RIPK1 inhibition. Consistent with this, RIPK1 inhibition reduces the levels of both caspase-3 and caspase-7 activation. Additionally, this protection appears independent of secondary inflammatory mediators. Together, these observations demonstrate that the necroptotic protein RIPK1 modifies caspase-3/-7 activity, ultimately resulting in decreased neuronal apoptosis. These findings thus modify the traditional exclusionary view of apoptotic/necroptotic signaling, revealing a new form of interaction between these dominant forms of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chesarahmia Dojo Soeandy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St. Rm 962, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Andrew J Elia
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue Rm 7-323, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street Rm 15-701, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Yanshan Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St. Rm 1010, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Christopher Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St. Rm 962, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Shudi Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St. Rm 962, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Andrea C Elia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St. Rm 962, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T Henderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St. Rm 962, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada.
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41
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Battaglia AM, Chirillo R, Aversa I, Sacco A, Costanzo F, Biamonte F. Ferroptosis and Cancer: Mitochondria Meet the "Iron Maiden" Cell Death. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061505. [PMID: 32575749 PMCID: PMC7349567 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new type of oxidative regulated cell death (RCD) driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. As major sites of iron utilization and master regulators of oxidative metabolism, mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, thus, play a role in this type of RCD. Ferroptosis is, indeed, associated with severe damage in mitochondrial morphology, bioenergetics, and metabolism. Furthermore, dysregulation of mitochondrial metabolism is considered a biochemical feature of neurodegenerative diseases linked to ferroptosis. Whether mitochondrial dysfunction can, per se, initiate ferroptosis and whether mitochondrial function in ferroptosis is context-dependent are still under debate. Cancer cells accumulate high levels of iron and ROS to promote their metabolic activity and growth. Of note, cancer cell metabolic rewiring is often associated with acquired sensitivity to ferroptosis. This strongly suggests that ferroptosis may act as an adaptive response to metabolic imbalance and, thus, may constitute a new promising way to eradicate malignant cells. Here, we review the current literature on the role of mitochondria in ferroptosis, and we discuss opportunities to potentially use mitochondria-mediated ferroptosis as a new strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martina Battaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Roberta Chirillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessandro Sacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
- Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
- Research Centre of Biochemistry and advanced Molecular Biology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-369-4105
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Sordo-Bahamonde C, Lorenzo-Herrero S, Payer ÁR, Gonzalez S, López-Soto A. Mechanisms of Apoptosis Resistance to NK Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103726. [PMID: 32466293 PMCID: PMC7279491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are major contributors to immunosurveillance and control of tumor development by inducing apoptosis of malignant cells. Among the main mechanisms involved in NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, the death receptor pathway and the release of granules containing perforin/granzymes stand out due to their efficacy in eliminating tumor cells. However, accumulated evidence suggest a profound immune suppression in the context of tumor progression affecting effector cells, such as NK cells, leading to decreased cytotoxicity. This diminished capability, together with the development of resistance to apoptosis by cancer cells, favor the loss of immunogenicity and promote immunosuppression, thus partially inducing NK cell-mediated killing resistance. Altered expression patterns of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins along with genetic background comprise the main mechanisms of resistance to NK cell-related apoptosis. Herein, we summarize the main effector cytotoxic mechanisms against tumor cells, as well as the major resistance strategies acquired by tumor cells that hamper the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways related to NK cell-mediated killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Sordo-Bahamonde
- Department of Functional Biology, Immunology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.-H.); (S.G.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.-B.); (A.L.-S.)
| | - Seila Lorenzo-Herrero
- Department of Functional Biology, Immunology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.-H.); (S.G.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ángel R. Payer
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Segundo Gonzalez
- Department of Functional Biology, Immunology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.-H.); (S.G.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alejandro López-Soto
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.S.-B.); (A.L.-S.)
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Role of Extrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway during Definitive Erythropoiesis in Normal Patients and in Patients with β-Thalassemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093325. [PMID: 32397135 PMCID: PMC7246929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death which has an important role in tissue homeostasis and in the control of organism development. Here, we focus on information concerning the role of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in the control of human erythropoiesis. We discuss the role of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 (FasL), tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing (TRAIL) and caspases in normal erythroid maturation. We also attempt to initiate a discussion on the observations that mature erythrocytes contain most components of the receptor-dependent apoptotic pathway. Finally, we point to the role of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in ineffective erythropoiesis of different types of β-thalassemia.
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Dudko HV, Urban VA, Davidovskii AI, Veresov VG. Structure-based modeling of turnover of Bcl-2 family proteins bound to voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2): Implications for the mechanisms of proapoptotic activation of Bak and Bax in vivo. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 85:107203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Song W, Liu J. EPHA5 mutation impairs natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity against non-small lung cancer cells and promotes cancer cell migration and invasion. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 52:101566. [PMID: 32234341 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to evaluate the role of the EPHA5 mutation in the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and in modulating the killing effect of natural killer (NK) cells to NSCLC cells. METHODS EPHA5-wt (wild type) and EPHA5-mut (mutation) plasmids were constructed. EPHA5 was silenced using si-EPHA5. NSCLC cell migration and invasion were determined using Transwell assays. NK cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The killing effect of NK cells to NSCLC cells was also examined. RESULTS EPHA5 mutation significantly promoted migration and invasion in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, EPHA5 mutation notably impaired the cytotoxicity of NK cells against NSCLC cells. In contrast, EPHA5-wt overexpression and EPHA5 silencing exerted the opposite effect. CONCLUSION EPHA5 mutation impairs the NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against NSCLC cells and promotes migration and invasion in NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, Henan Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450007, Henan, China
| | - Jumin Liu
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory and Sleep, Henan Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
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von Karstedt S, Walczak H. An unexpected turn of fortune: targeting TRAIL-Rs in KRAS-driven cancer. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:14. [PMID: 32194994 PMCID: PMC7078304 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-0249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-one percent of all human cancers bear constitutively activating mutations in the proto-oncogene KRAS. This incidence is substantially higher in some of the most inherently therapy-resistant cancers including 30% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), 50% of colorectal cancers, and 95% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). Importantly, survival of patients with KRAS-mutated PDAC and NSCLC has not significantly improved since the 1970s highlighting an urgent need to re-examine how oncogenic KRAS influences cell death signaling outputs. Interestingly, cancers expressing oncogenic KRAS manage to escape antitumor immunity via upregulation of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1). Recently, the development of next-generation KRASG12C-selective inhibitors has shown therapeutic efficacy by triggering antitumor immunity. Yet, clinical trials testing immune checkpoint blockade in KRAS-mutated cancers have yielded disappointing results suggesting other, additional means endow these tumors with the capacity to escape immune recognition. Intriguingly, oncogenic KRAS reprograms regulated cell death pathways triggered by death receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily. Perverting the course of their intended function, KRAS-mutated cancers use endogenous TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptor(s) to promote tumor growth and metastases. Yet, endogenous TRAIL-TRAIL-receptor signaling can be therapeutically targeted and, excitingly, this may not only counteract oncogenic KRAS-driven cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis, but also the immunosuppressive reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment it causes. Here, we provide a concise summary of the current literature on oncogenic KRAS-mediated reprogramming of cell death signaling and antitumor immunity with the aim to open novel perspectives on combinatorial treatment strategies involving death receptor targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Walczak
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Cytotoxicity of Triterpene Seco-Acids from Betula pubescens Buds. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224060. [PMID: 31717557 PMCID: PMC6891332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the magnitude and mechanism of the cytotoxic effect on selected cancer cell lines of 3,4-seco-urs-4(23),20(30)-dien-3-oic acid (1), 3,4-seco-olean-4(24)-en-19-oxo-3-oic acid (2), and 3,4-seco-urs-4(23),20(30)-dien-19-ol-3-oic acid (3) isolated from downy birch (Betula pubescens) buds by carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction and gradient column chromatography. Cell viability in six human cancer lines exposed to these compounds was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was quantified by annexin V/propidium iodide staining of gastric cancer AGS and colorectal cancer DLD-1 cells. To evaluate the mechanism of apoptosis, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was analyzed by Western blot. Compound 1 exhibited non-specific toxicity, while compounds 2 and 3 were specifically toxic to colon and stomach cancer cells. The toxicity of compounds 2 and 3 against these two cell lines was greater than for compound 1. Cleavage of caspase-8, -9, and -3 was found in AGS and DLD-1 cells treated with all three seco-acids, indicating the induction of apoptosis via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Therefore, triterpene seco-acids (1–3) decreased cell viability by apoptosis induction. AGS and DLD-1 cells were more susceptible to seco-acids with an oxidized C19 than normal fibroblasts. Hence, it made them a new group of triterpenes with potential anticancer activity.
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Tang S, Wang J, Liu J, Huang Y, Zhou Y, Yang S, Zhang W, Yang M, Zhang H. Niban protein regulates apoptosis in HK-2 cells via caspase-dependent pathway. Ren Fail 2019; 41:455-466. [PMID: 31163002 PMCID: PMC6566711 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1619582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate whether Niban protein plays a role in renal interstitial fibrosis by regulating renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and explore the underlying mechanism. Methods: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model was performed in C57B/6J mice, and divided into sham operation group and groups of days 3, days 7, and days 14. Niban expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. TUNEL assays were used to detected apoptosis. Niban siRNA and overexpression Niban plasmid were transfected in HK-2 cells respectively to explore apoptosis related mechanisms of Niban during angiotensin II (AngII) - and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced injury. Results: With the development of obstruction, Niban's expression decreased gradually while apoptosis increased. Silencing of Niban not only increased the AngII- and ER stress-induced apoptosis, but also promoted the expression of caspase 8, caspase 9, Bip, and Chop. Overexpression of Niban reduced AngII-induced apoptosis and the expression of caspase 8 and caspase 9. Conclusions: Niban protein is involved in apoptosis regulation in HK-2 cells, and most likely via caspase-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jishi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueyi Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Le Clorennec C, Lazrek Y, Dubreuil O, Sampaio C, Larbouret C, Lanotte R, Poul MA, Barret JM, Prost JF, Pèlegrin A, Chardès T. ITCH-dependent proteasomal degradation of c-FLIP induced by the anti-HER3 antibody 9F7-F11 promotes DR5/caspase 8-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:106. [PMID: 31443721 PMCID: PMC6708219 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HER3/ErbB3 receptor deletion or blockade leads to tumor cell apoptosis, whereas its overexpression confers anti-cancer drug resistance through upregulation of protective mechanisms against apoptosis. We produced the anti-HER3 antibody 9F7-F11 that promotes HER3 ubiquitination and degradation via JNK1/2-dependent activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH, and that induces apoptosis of cancer cells. Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) is a key regulator of apoptotic pathways. Here, we wanted to determine the mechanisms underlying the pro-apoptotic effect of 9F7-F11. Methods Anti-HER3 antibody-induced apoptosis was assessed by western blot, and by flow cytometry measurement of Annexin V/7-AAD-labelled tumor cells (BxPC3, MDA-MB-468 and DU145 cell lines). c-FLIP/ITCH interaction and subsequent degradation/ubiquitination were investigated by co-immunoprecipitation of ITCH-silenced vs scramble control cells. The relationship between ITCH-mediated c-FLIP degradation and antibody-induced apoptosis was examined by western blot and flow cytometry of tumor cells, after ITCH RNA interference or by pre-treatment with ITCH chemical inhibitor chlorimipramine (CI). Results Following incubation with 9F7-F11, cancer cell apoptosis occurs through activation of caspase-8, − 9 and − 3 and the subsequent cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Moreover we showed that ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the anti-apoptotic protein c-FLIP was mediated by USP8-regulated ITCH recruitment. This effect was abrogated by ITCH- and USP8-specific RNA interference (siRNA), or by the ITCH chemical inhibitor CI. Specifically, ITCH silencing or CI blocked 9F7-F11-induced caspase-8-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells, and restored c-FLIP expression. ITCH-silencing or CI concomitantly abrogated HER3-specific antibody-induced apoptosis of Annexin V/7-AAD-labelled BxPC3 cells. 9F7-F11 favored the extrinsic apoptosis pathway by inducing TRAIL-R2/DR5 upregulation and TRAIL expression that promoted the formation of death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), leading to caspase-8-mediated apoptosis. Incubation with 9F7-F11 also induced BID cleavage, BAX upregulation and BIM expression, which initiated the caspase-9/3-mediated mitochondrial death pathway. The anti-HER3 antibody pro-apoptotic effect occurred concomitantly with downregulation of the pro-survival proteins c-IAP2 and XIAP. Conclusions The allosteric non-neuregulin competing modulator 9F7-F11, sensitizes tumor cells to DR5/caspase-8-mediated apoptosis through ITCH-dependent downregulation of c-FLIP. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0413-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Clorennec
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298, Montpellier, France.,Present Address: UCSD School of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0815, USA
| | - Yassamine Lazrek
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298, Montpellier, France.,Present Address: Institut Pasteur de Guyane, F- 97306, Cayenne, France
| | - Olivier Dubreuil
- GamaMabs Pharma SA, Centre Pierre Potier, F-31106, Toulouse, France
| | - Carla Sampaio
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Immunothérapie des Cancers, EA7269, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Larbouret
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298, Montpellier, France
| | - Romain Lanotte
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Alix Poul
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Barret
- GamaMabs Pharma SA, Centre Pierre Potier, F-31106, Toulouse, France
| | | | - André Pèlegrin
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Chardès
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298, Montpellier, France. .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France.
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The combination of TPL2 knockdown and TNFα causes synthetic lethality via caspase-8 activation in human carcinoma cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:14039-14048. [PMID: 31239343 PMCID: PMC6628646 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901465116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most normal and tumor cells are protected from tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced apoptosis. Here, we identify the MAP3 kinase tumor progression locus-2 (TPL2) as a player contributing to the protection of a subset of tumor cell lines. The combination of TPL2 knockdown and TNFα gives rise to a synthetic lethality phenotype via receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Whereas wild-type TPL2 rescues the phenotype, its kinase-dead mutant does not. Comparison of the molecular events initiated by small interfering RNA for TPL2 (siTPL2) ± TNFα in treatment-sensitive and -resistant lines revealed that the activation of caspase-8, downstream of miR-21-5p and cFLIP, is the dominant TPL2-dependent event. More important, comparison of the gene expression profiles of all of the tested cell lines results in the clustering of sensitive and resistant lines into distinct groups, providing proof of principle for the feasibility of generating a predictive tool for treatment sensitivity.
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