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Deng S, Li W, Li Z, Wang P, Ma Q. Bright luminescent Zn 2GeO 4:Mn NP/MXene hydrogel-based ECL biosensor for glioblastoma diagnosis. Talanta 2024; 276:126214. [PMID: 38718647 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In this work, miRNA-10b in the glioblastoma (GBM) tumor tissues has been detected by a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor. Firstly, a new kind of bright luminescent Zn2GeO4:Mn NPs were prepared as ECL nanoprobe, which possessed high fluorescence quantum yield and ECL quantum efficiency. Secondly, Ti3C2 MXene hydrogel (MXG) have been developed as the sensing interface. The MXG retained the inherent biocompatibility and mechanical features of hydrogel. Furthermore, the uniform distribution of metallic Ti3C2 MXene in the hydrogel microstructure provided the good conductivity and multiple binding sites for biomolecules. MXene also can promote the separation of the electrons and holes to accelerate the electron-transfer rate and improve ECL efficiency. Due to these synergistic effects, the screen printed electrode was successfully modified with MXG as sensing platform to enhance the ECL intensity of Zn2GeO4:Mn NP, which greatly improved the detection efficiency and facilitated the high-throughput analysis. Finally, the toehold mediated strand displacement (TMSD) strategy was employed with then biosensor to detect miRNA-10b with the range of 10 fM to 1 nM. The limit of detection was 5 fM. This ECL biosensor has been used to analyze miRNA-10b expression in GBM tumor tissues, which possessed the great potential value for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin Deng
- Department of Oncological Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University. Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zhenrun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Peilin Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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2
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Škarková A, Pelantová M, Tolde O, Legátová A, Mateu R, Bušek P, Garcia-Borja E, Šedo A, Etienne-Manneville S, Rösel D, Brábek J. Microtubule-associated NAV3 regulates invasive phenotypes in glioblastoma cells. Brain Pathol 2024:e13294. [PMID: 39097525 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are aggressive brain tumors for which effective therapy is still lacking, resulting in dismal survival rates. These tumors display significant phenotypic plasticity, harboring diverse cell populations ranging from tumor core cells to dispersed, highly invasive cells. Neuron navigator 3 (NAV3), a microtubule-associated protein affecting microtubule growth and dynamics, is downregulated in various cancers, including glioblastoma, and has thus been considered a tumor suppressor. In this study, we challenge this designation and unveil distinct expression patterns of NAV3 across different invasion phenotypes. Using glioblastoma cell lines and patient-derived glioma stem-like cell cultures, we disclose an upregulation of NAV3 in invading glioblastoma cells, contrasting with its lower expression in cells residing in tumor spheroid cores. Furthermore, we establish an association between low and high NAV3 expression and the amoeboid and mesenchymal invasive phenotype, respectively, and demonstrate that overexpression of NAV3 directly stimulates glioblastoma invasive behavior in both 2D and 3D environments. Consistently, we observed increased NAV3 expression in cells migrating along blood vessels in mouse xenografts. Overall, our results shed light on the role of NAV3 in glioblastoma invasion, providing insights into this lethal aspect of glioblastoma behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Škarková
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Invasion, Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Pelantová
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Invasion, Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Tolde
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Invasion, Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Legátová
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Invasion, Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Rosana Mateu
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bušek
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Garcia-Borja
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksi Šedo
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Université Paris Cité, UMR3691 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Rösel
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Invasion, Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brábek
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Invasion, Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
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3
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Singh RR, Mondal I, Janjua T, Popat A, Kulshreshtha R. Engineered smart materials for RNA based molecular therapy to treat Glioblastoma. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:396-423. [PMID: 38059120 PMCID: PMC10696434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) that remains incurable despite the multitude of improvements in cancer therapeutics. The conventional chemo and radiotherapy post-surgery have only been able to improve the prognosis slightly; however, the development of resistance and/or tumor recurrence is almost inevitable. There is a pressing need for adjuvant molecular therapies that can successfully and efficiently block tumor progression. During the last few decades, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key players in regulating various hallmarks of cancer including that of GBM. The levels of many ncRNAs are dysregulated in cancer, and ectopic modulation of their levels by delivering antagonists or overexpression constructs could serve as an attractive option for cancer therapy. The therapeutic potential of several types of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, has been validated in both in vitro and in vivo models of GBM. However, the delivery of these RNA-based therapeutics is highly challenging, especially to the tumors of the brain as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses as a major obstacle, among others. Also, since RNA is extremely fragile in nature, careful considerations must be met while designing a delivery agent. In this review we have shed light on how ncRNA therapy can overcome the limitations of its predecessor conventional therapy with an emphasis on smart nanomaterials that can aide in the safe and targeted delivery of nucleic acids to treat GBM. Additionally, critical gaps that currently exist for successful transition from viral to non-viral vector delivery systems have been identified. Finally, we have provided a perspective on the future directions, potential pathways, and target areas for achieving rapid clinical translation of, RNA-based macromolecular therapy to advance the effective treatment of GBM and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Raj Singh
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- University of Queensland –IIT Delhi Academy of Research (UQIDAR)
| | - Indranil Mondal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Taskeen Janjua
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Functional Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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4
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Valle-Garcia D, Pérez de la Cruz V, Flores I, Salazar A, Pineda B, Meza-Sosa KF. Use of microRNAs as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Tools for Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2464. [PMID: 38473710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and common type of cancer within the central nervous system (CNS). Despite the vast knowledge of its physiopathology and histology, its etiology at the molecular level has not been completely understood. Thus, attaining a cure has not been possible yet and it remains one of the deadliest types of cancer. Usually, GB is diagnosed when some symptoms have already been presented by the patient. This diagnosis is commonly based on a physical exam and imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), together with or followed by a surgical biopsy. As these diagnostic procedures are very invasive and often result only in the confirmation of GB presence, it is necessary to develop less invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools that lead to earlier treatment to increase GB patients' quality of life. Therefore, blood-based biomarkers (BBBs) represent excellent candidates in this context. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that have been demonstrated to be very stable in almost all body fluids, including saliva, serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CFS), semen, and breast milk. In addition, serum-circulating and exosome-contained miRNAs have been successfully used to better classify subtypes of cancer at the molecular level and make better choices regarding the best treatment for specific cases. Moreover, as miRNAs regulate multiple target genes and can also act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes, they are involved in the appearance, progression, and even chemoresistance of most tumors. Thus, in this review, we discuss how dysregulated miRNAs in GB can be used as early diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers as well as molecular markers to subclassify GB cases and provide more personalized treatments, which may have a better response against GB. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic potential of miRNAs, the current challenges to their clinical application, and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Valle-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Verónica Pérez de la Cruz
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Itamar Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Aleli Salazar
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Pineda
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Karla F Meza-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNNMVS), Mexico City 14269, Mexico
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5
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Tamrazov R, Ilyasova T, Shumadalova A, Du W, Yang B. Methods of miRNA delivery and possibilities of their application in neuro-oncology. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:661-674. [PMID: 37860265 PMCID: PMC10582311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current phase of medical progress, practical neuro-oncology faces critical challenges. These include the quest for and development of innovative methodological approaches, as well as the enhancement of conventional therapies to boost their efficacy in treating brain tumors, especially the malignant varieties. Recent strides in molecular and cellular biology, molecular genetics, and immunology have charted the primary research pathways in the development of new anti-cancer medications, with a particular focus on microRNA (miRNA)-based therapy. MiRNAs possess the ability to function as suppressors of tumor growth while also having the potential to act as oncogenes. MiRNAs wield control over numerous processes within the human body, encompassing tumor growth, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune responses. A significant impediment to enhancing the efficacy of brain tumor treatment lies in the unresolved challenge of traversing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-tumor barrier (BTB) to deliver therapeutic agents directly to the tumor tissue. Presently, there is a worldwide effort to conduct intricate research and design endeavors aimed at creating miRNA-based dosage forms and delivery systems that can effectively target various structures within the central nervous system (CNS). MiRNA-based therapy stands out as one of the most promising domains in neuro-oncology. Hence, the development of efficient and safe methods for delivering miRNA agents to the specific target cells within brain tumors is of paramount importance. In this study, we will delve into recent findings regarding various methods for delivering miRNA agents to brain tumor cells. We will explore the advantages and disadvantages of different delivery systems and consider some clinical aspects of miRNA-based therapy for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Rasim Tamrazov
- Department of Oncology, Radiology and Radiotherapy, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Alina Shumadalova
- Department of General Chemistry, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
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6
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Poller W, Sahoo S, Hajjar R, Landmesser U, Krichevsky AM. Exploration of the Noncoding Genome for Human-Specific Therapeutic Targets-Recent Insights at Molecular and Cellular Level. Cells 2023; 12:2660. [PMID: 37998395 PMCID: PMC10670380 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While it is well known that 98-99% of the human genome does not encode proteins, but are nevertheless transcriptionally active and give rise to a broad spectrum of noncoding RNAs [ncRNAs] with complex regulatory and structural functions, specific functions have so far been assigned to only a tiny fraction of all known transcripts. On the other hand, the striking observation of an overwhelmingly growing fraction of ncRNAs, in contrast to an only modest increase in the number of protein-coding genes, during evolution from simple organisms to humans, strongly suggests critical but so far essentially unexplored roles of the noncoding genome for human health and disease pathogenesis. Research into the vast realm of the noncoding genome during the past decades thus lead to a profoundly enhanced appreciation of the multi-level complexity of the human genome. Here, we address a few of the many huge remaining knowledge gaps and consider some newly emerging questions and concepts of research. We attempt to provide an up-to-date assessment of recent insights obtained by molecular and cell biological methods, and by the application of systems biology approaches. Specifically, we discuss current data regarding two topics of high current interest: (1) By which mechanisms could evolutionary recent ncRNAs with critical regulatory functions in a broad spectrum of cell types (neural, immune, cardiovascular) constitute novel therapeutic targets in human diseases? (2) Since noncoding genome evolution is causally linked to brain evolution, and given the profound interactions between brain and immune system, could human-specific brain-expressed ncRNAs play a direct or indirect (immune-mediated) role in human diseases? Synergistic with remarkable recent progress regarding delivery, efficacy, and safety of nucleic acid-based therapies, the ongoing large-scale exploration of the noncoding genome for human-specific therapeutic targets is encouraging to proceed with the development and clinical evaluation of novel therapeutic pathways suggested by these research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Poller
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany;
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Roger Hajjar
- Gene & Cell Therapy Institute, Mass General Brigham, 65 Landsdowne St, Suite 143, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department for Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany;
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna M. Krichevsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
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Nureen L, Di Girolamo N. Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells in the Diabetic Cornea. Cells 2023; 12:2458. [PMID: 37887302 PMCID: PMC10605319 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous replenishment of the corneal epithelium is pivotal for maintaining optical transparency and achieving optimal visual perception. This dynamic process is driven by limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) located at the junction between the cornea and conjunctiva, which is otherwise known as the limbus. In patients afflicted with diabetes, hyperglycemia-induced impairments in corneal epithelial regeneration results in persistent epithelial and other defects on the ocular surface, termed diabetic keratopathy (DK), which progressively diminish vision and quality of life. Reports of delayed corneal wound healing and the reduced expression of putative stem cell markers in diabetic relative to healthy eyes suggest that the pathogenesis of DK may be associated with the abnormal activity of LESCs. However, the precise role of these cells in diabetic corneal disease is poorly understood and yet to be comprehensively explored. Herein, we review existing literature highlighting aberrant LESC activity in diabetes, focusing on factors that influence their form and function, and emerging therapies to correct these defects. The consequences of malfunctioning or depleted LESC stocks in DK and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) are also discussed. These insights could be exploited to identify novel targets for improving the management of ocular surface complications that manifest in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nick Di Girolamo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
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8
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Tabnak P, Hasanzade Bashkandi A, Ebrahimnezhad M, Soleimani M. Forkhead box transcription factors (FOXOs and FOXM1) in glioma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37821870 PMCID: PMC10568859 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most aggressive and malignant type of primary brain tumor, comprises the majority of central nervous system deaths, and is categorized into different subgroups according to its histological characteristics, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and mixed tumors. The forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors comprise a collection of proteins that play various roles in numerous complex molecular cascades and have been discovered to be differentially expressed in distinct glioma subtypes. FOXM1 and FOXOs have been recognized as crucial transcription factors in tumor cells, including glioma cells. Accumulating data indicates that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene in various types of cancers, and a significant part of studies has investigated its function in glioma. Although recent studies considered FOXO subgroups as tumor suppressors, there are pieces of evidence that they may have an oncogenic role. This review will discuss the subtle functions of FOXOs and FOXM1 in gliomas, dissecting their regulatory network with other proteins, microRNAs and their role in glioma progression, including stem cell differentiation and therapy resistance/sensitivity, alongside highlighting recent pharmacological progress for modulating their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Soleimani
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Mafi A, Mannani R, Khalilollah S, Hedayati N, Salami R, Rezaee M, Dehmordi RM, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Alimohammadi M, Akhavan-Sigari R. The Significant Role of microRNAs in Gliomas Angiogenesis: A Particular Focus on Molecular Mechanisms and Opportunities for Clinical Application. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3277-3299. [PMID: 37414973 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with only 20-22 nucleic acids that inhibit gene transcription and translation by binding to mRNA. MiRNAs have a diverse set of target genes and can alter most physiological processes, including cell cycle checkpoints, cell survival, and cell death mechanisms, affecting the growth, development, and invasion of various cancers, including gliomas. So optimum management of miRNA expression is essential for preserving a normal biological environment. Due to their small size, stability, and capability of specifically targeting oncogenes, miRNAs have emerged as a promising marker and new biopharmaceutical targeted therapy for glioma patients. This review focuses on the most common miRNAs associated with gliomagenesis and development by controlling glioma-determining markers such as angiogenesis. We also summarized the recent research about miRNA effects on signaling pathways, their mechanistic role and cellular targets in the development of gliomas angiogenesis. Strategies for miRNA-based therapeutic targets, as well as limitations in clinical applications, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Mannani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shayan Khalilollah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Ghorbanhosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Chen M, Kim B, Robertson N, Mondal SK, Medarova Z, Moore A. Co-administration of temozolomide (TMZ) and the experimental therapeutic targeting miR-10b, profoundly affects the tumorigenic phenotype of human glioblastoma cells. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1179343. [PMID: 37398551 PMCID: PMC10311069 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1179343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Recent studies have shown that miRNA-10b is highly expressed in high-grade glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and its inhibition leads to deregulation of multiple pathways in tumorigenesis, resulting in repression of tumor growth and increased apoptosis. Thus, we hypothesized that suppressing miR-10b could enhance the cytotoxicity of conventional GBM chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). Methods: Inhibition of miR-10b in glioblastoma cells was achieved using an experimental therapeutic consisting of anti-miR10b antagomirs conjugated to iron oxide nanoparticles (termed MN-anti-miR10b). The nanoparticles serve as delivery vehicles for the antagomirs as well as imaging reporters guiding the delivery in future animal studies. Results: Treatment of U251 and LN229 human glioblastoma cells with MN-anti-miR10b led to inhibition of miR-10b accompanied by repression of growth and increase in apoptosis. We next explored whether MN-anti-miR10b could enhance the cytotoxic effect of TMZ. During these studies, we unexpectedly found that TMZ monotherapy increased miR-10b expression and changed the expression of corresponding miR-10b targets. This discovery led to the design of a sequence-dependent combination treatment, in which miR-10b inhibition and induction of apoptosis by MN-anti-miR10b was followed by a sub-therapeutic dose of TMZ, which caused cell cycle arrest and ultimately cell death. This combination was highly successful in significant enhancement of apoptosis and decrease in cell migration and invasiveness. Discussion: Considering the unexpected effects of TMZ on miR-10b expression and possible implications on its clinical application, we reasoned that comprehensive in vitro studies were warranted before embarking on studies in animals. These intriguing findings serve as a solid foundation for future in vivo studies and offer promise for the successful treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Bryan Kim
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Neil Robertson
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Sujan Kumar Mondal
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - Anna Moore
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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11
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Gandhi S, Bhushan A, Shukla U, Pundir A, Singh S, Srivastava T. Downregulation of lncRNA SNHG1 in hypoxia and stem cells is associated with poor disease prognosis in gliomas. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1135-1153. [PMID: 36945177 PMCID: PMC10081076 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2191411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are brain tumors associated with high morbidity, relapse and lethality despite improvement in therapeutic regimes. The hypoxic tumor microenvironment is a key feature associated with such poor outcomes in gliomas. The Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) family of transcription factors are master regulators of cellular proliferation, high metabolic rates and angiogenesis via aberrant expression of downstream genes. Recent studies have implicated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. In this study, identification of hypoxia regulated lncRNA with a bioinformatic pipeline consisting of a newly developed tool "GenOx" was utilized for the identification of Hypoxia Response Element (HRE) and Hypoxia Ancillary Sequence (HAS) motifs in the promoter regions of lncRNAs. This was coupled with molecular, functional and interactome-based analyses of these hypoxia-relevant lncRNAs in primary tumors and cell-line models. We report on the identification of novel hypoxia regulated lncRNAs SNHG12, CASC7 and MF12-AS1. A strong association of RNA splicing mechanisms was observed with enriched lncRNAs. Several lncRNAs have emerged as prognostic biomarkers, of which TP53TG1 and SNHG1 were identified as highly relevant lncRNAs in glioma progression and validated in hypoxia cultured cells. Significantly, we determined that SNHG1 expression in tumor (vs. normal) is different from glioma stem cells, GSC (vs. tumors) and in hypoxia (vs. normoxia), positioning downregulation of SNHG1 to be associated with worsened prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchit Gandhi
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Bhushan
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Unmesh Shukla
- Institute of Informatics and Communication, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Pundir
- Department of Electronics, Maharaja Agrasen College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Singh
- Institute of Informatics and Communication, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapasya Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
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12
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Zhang Y, Rabinovsky R, Wei Z, El Fatimy R, Deforzh E, Luan B, Peshkin L, Uhlmann EJ, Krichevsky AM. Secreted PGK1 and IGFBP2 contribute to the bystander effect of miR-10b gene editing in glioma. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 31:265-275. [PMID: 36700043 PMCID: PMC9852814 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-10b (miR-10b) is an essential glioma driver and one of the top candidates for targeted therapies for glioblastoma and other cancers. This unique miRNA controls glioma cell cycle and viability via an array of established conventional and unconventional mechanisms. Previously reported CRISPR-Cas9-mediated miR-10b gene editing of glioma cells in vitro and established orthotopic glioblastoma in mouse models demonstrated the efficacy of this approach and its promise for therapy development. However, therapeutic gene editing in patients' brain tumors may be hampered, among other factors, by the imperfect delivery and distribution of targeting vectors. Here, we demonstrate that miR-10b gene editing in glioma cells triggers a potent bystander effect that leads to the selective cell death of the unedited glioma cells without affecting the normal neuroglial cells. The effect is mediated by the secreted miR-10b targets phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) that block cell-cycle progression and induce glioma cell death. These findings further support the feasibility of therapeutic miR-10b editing without the need to target every cell of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rosalia Rabinovsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhiyun Wei
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rachid El Fatimy
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Evgeny Deforzh
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bai Luan
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leonid Peshkin
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erik J. Uhlmann
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna M. Krichevsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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13
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Bjørknes B, Neye OE, Hamerlik P, Jauffred L. Immunostaining protocol for infiltrating brain cancer spheroids for light-sheet imaging. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281161. [PMID: 36757917 PMCID: PMC9910650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma tumors form in brains' white matter and are fast-growing and aggressive. Poor prognosis is the result of therapeutic resistance and infiltrating growth into the surrounding brain. Here we present a protocol for the detection of the cytoskeleton intermediate filament, vimentin, in cells at the proliferating spheroid surface. By combining a classical invasion assay with immunofluorescence and light-sheet imaging, we find that it is exactly these cytoskeleton-reinforcing cells on the spheroid's surface that will start the infiltration. We anticipate our results to be the starting point of more sophisticated investigation of anti-cancer drug effects on cytoskeleton reorganisation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Emil Neye
- The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Liselotte Jauffred
- The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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14
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Pandey N, Anastasiadis P, Carney CP, Kanvinde PP, Woodworth GF, Winkles JA, Kim AJ. Nanotherapeutic treatment of the invasive glioblastoma tumor microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114415. [PMID: 35787387 PMCID: PMC10947564 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant adult brain cancer with no curative treatment strategy. A significant hurdle in GBM treatment is effective therapeutic delivery to the brain-invading tumor cells that remain following surgery within functioning brain regions. Developing therapies that can either directly target these brain-invading tumor cells or act on other cell types and molecular processes supporting tumor cell invasion and recurrence are essential steps in advancing new treatments in the clinic. This review highlights some of the drug delivery strategies and nanotherapeutic technologies that are designed to target brain-invading GBM cells or non-neoplastic, invasion-supporting cells residing within the GBM tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Pandey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Pavlos Anastasiadis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Christine P Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Pranjali P Kanvinde
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Graeme F Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| | - Anthony J Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, United States.
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15
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Zurlo M, Romagnoli R, Oliva P, Gasparello J, Finotti A, Gambari R. Synergistic Effects of A Combined Treatment of Glioblastoma U251 Cells with An Anti-miR-10b-5p Molecule and An AntiCancer Agent Based on 1-(3',4',5'-Trimethoxyphenyl)-2-Aryl-1 H-Imidazole Scaffold. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115991. [PMID: 35682670 PMCID: PMC9181338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In the development of new and more effective anticancer approaches, combined treatments appear of great interest. Combination therapy could be of importance in the management of glioblastoma (GBM), a lethal malignancy that accounts for 42% of cancer of the central nervous system, with a median survival of 15 months. This study aimed to verify the activity on a glioblastoma cancer cell line of one of the most active compounds of a novel series of tubulin polymerization inhibitors based on the 1-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-aryl-1H-imidazole scaffold, used in combination with a miRNA inhibitor molecule targeting the oncomiRNA miR-10b-5p. This microRNA was selected in consideration of the role of miR-10b-5p on the onset and progression of glioblastoma. (2) Methods: Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V and Caspase 3/7 assays, efficacy of the anti-miR-10b-5p was assessed by determining the miR-10b-5p content by RT-qPCR. (3) Results: The results obtained show that a “combination therapy” performed by combining the use of an anti-miR-10b-5p and a 1-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-aryl-1H-imidazole derivative is an encouraging strategy to boost the efficacy of anticancer therapies and at the same time to reduce side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Zurlo
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Romeo Romagnoli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.O.)
| | - Paola Oliva
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.R.); (P.O.)
| | - Jessica Gasparello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.Z.); (J.G.)
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.Z.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.Z.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (R.G.)
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16
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Setlai BP, Hull R, Reis RM, Agbor C, Ambele MA, Mulaudzi TV, Dlamini Z. MicroRNA Interrelated Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Glioblastoma. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020244. [PMID: 35205289 PMCID: PMC8872331 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that are 20–23 nucleotides in length, functioning as regulators of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. They are molecular modulators that regulate gene expression by suppressing gene translation through gene silencing/degradation, or by promoting translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Circulating miRNAs have attracted attention as possible prognostic markers of cancer, which could aid in the early detection of the disease. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in tumorigenic processes, primarily by promoting tumor invasiveness and metastatic activity; this is a process that could be manipulated to halt or prevent brain metastasis. Studies show that miRNAs influence the function of EMT in glioblastomas. Thus, miRNA-related EMT can be exploited as a potential therapeutic target in glioblastomas. This review points out the interrelation between miRNA and EMT signatures, and how they can be used as reliable molecular signatures for diagnostic purposes or targeted therapy in glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botle Precious Setlai
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.S.); (Z.D.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos 14784-400, SP, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cyril Agbor
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
| | - Melvin Anyasi Ambele
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box 1266, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Thanyani Victor Mulaudzi
- Department of Surgery, Level 7, Bridge E, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia 0007, South Africa; (C.A.); (T.V.M.)
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; (R.H.); (R.M.R.)
- Correspondence: (B.P.S.); (Z.D.)
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17
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El Fatimy R, Zhang Y, Deforzh E, Ramadas M, Saravanan H, Wei Z, Rabinovsky R, Teplyuk NM, Uhlmann EJ, Krichevsky AM. A nuclear function for an oncogenic microRNA as a modulator of snRNA and splicing. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:17. [PMID: 35033060 PMCID: PMC8760648 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01494-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND miRNAs are regulatory transcripts established as repressors of mRNA stability and translation that have been functionally implicated in carcinogenesis. miR-10b is one of the key onco-miRs associated with multiple forms of cancer. Malignant gliomas exhibit particularly striking dependence on miR-10b. However, despite the therapeutic potential of miR-10b targeting, this miRNA's poorly investigated and largely unconventional properties hamper the clinical translation. METHODS We utilized Covalent Ligation of Endogenous Argonaute-bound RNAs and their high-throughput RNA sequencing to identify miR-10b interactome and a combination of biochemical and imaging approaches for target validation. They included Crosslinking and RNA immunoprecipitation with spliceosomal proteins, a combination of miRNA FISH with protein immunofluorescence in glioma cells and patient-derived tumors, native Northern blotting, and the transcriptome-wide analysis of alternative splicing. RESULTS We demonstrate that miR-10b binds to U6 snRNA, a core component of the spliceosomal machinery. We provide evidence of the direct binding between miR-10b and U6, in situ imaging of miR-10b and U6 co-localization in glioma cells and tumors, and biochemical co-isolation of miR-10b with the components of the spliceosome. We further demonstrate that miR-10b modulates U6 N-6-adenosine methylation and pseudouridylation, U6 binding to splicing factors SART3 and PRPF8, and regulates U6 stability, conformation, and levels. These effects on U6 result in global splicing alterations, exemplified by the altered ratio of the isoforms of a small GTPase CDC42, reduced overall CDC42 levels, and downstream CDC42 -mediated effects on cell viability. CONCLUSIONS We identified U6 snRNA, the key RNA component of the spliceosome, as the top miR-10b target in glioblastoma. We, therefore, present an unexpected intersection of the miRNA and splicing machineries and a new nuclear function for a major cancer-associated miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid El Fatimy
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Current Address: Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Evgeny Deforzh
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mahalakshmi Ramadas
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Harini Saravanan
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zhiyun Wei
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Current Address: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Rosalia Rabinovsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nadiya M Teplyuk
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Erik J Uhlmann
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anna M Krichevsky
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd, Room 9002T, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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18
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Tang Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Tang B, Zhou Z, Chen H. Nanoparticle-Based RNAi Therapeutics Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: Update and Prospective. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122116. [PMID: 34959397 PMCID: PMC8708448 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized by intrinsic self-renewal and tumorigenic properties, and play important roles in tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to diverse forms of anticancer therapy. Accordingly, targeting signaling pathways that are critical for CSC maintenance and biofunctions, including the Wnt, Notch, Hippo, and Hedgehog signaling cascades, remains a promising therapeutic strategy in multiple cancer types. Furthermore, advances in various cancer omics approaches have largely increased our knowledge of the molecular basis of CSCs, and provided numerous novel targets for anticancer therapy. However, the majority of recently identified targets remain ‘undruggable’ through small-molecule agents, whereas the implications of exogenous RNA interference (RNAi, including siRNA and miRNA) may make it possible to translate our knowledge into therapeutics in a timely manner. With the recent advances of nanomedicine, in vivo delivery of RNAi using elaborate nanoparticles can potently overcome the intrinsic limitations of RNAi alone, as it is rapidly degraded and has unpredictable off-target side effects. Herein, we present an update on the development of RNAi-delivering nanoplatforms in CSC-targeted anticancer therapy and discuss their potential implications in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Zongguang Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (H.C.)
| | - Haining Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (H.C.)
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19
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Feng Y, Zhang T, Wang Y, Xie M, Ji X, Luo X, Huang W, Xia L. Homeobox Genes in Cancers: From Carcinogenesis to Recent Therapeutic Intervention. Front Oncol 2021; 11:770428. [PMID: 34722321 PMCID: PMC8551923 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.770428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeobox (HOX) genes encoding an evolutionarily highly conserved family of homeodomain-containing transcriptional factors are essential for embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. HOX genes are involved in cell identity determination during early embryonic development and postnatal processes. The deregulation of HOX genes is closely associated with numerous human malignancies, highlighting the indispensable involvement in mortal cancer development. Since most HOX genes behave as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancer, a better comprehension of their upstream regulators and downstream targets contributes to elucidating the function of HOX genes in cancer development. In addition, targeting HOX genes may imply therapeutic potential. Recently, novel therapies such as monoclonal antibodies targeting tyrosine receptor kinases, small molecular chemical inhibitors, and small interfering RNA strategies, are difficult to implement for targeting transcriptional factors on account of the dual function and pleiotropic nature of HOX genes-related molecular networks. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge on the roles of HOX genes in human cancer and emphasizes the emerging importance of HOX genes as potential therapeutic targets to overcome the limitations of present cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongyue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Hussen BM, Abdullah ST, Rasul MF, Salihi A, Ghafouri-Fard S, Hidayat HJ, Taheri M. MicroRNAs: Important Players in Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Therapeutic Targets. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:764025. [PMID: 34778378 PMCID: PMC8582349 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.764025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of breast cancer (BC) is linked to metastasis, facilitated by tumor angiogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that have an essential role in gene expression and are significantly linked to the tumor development and angiogenesis process in different types of cancer, including BC. There's increasing evidence showed that various miRNAs play a significant role in disease processes; specifically, they are observed and over-expressed in a wide range of diseases linked to the angiogenesis process. However, more studies are required to reach the best findings and identify the link among miRNA expression, angiogenic pathways, and immune response-related genes to find new therapeutic targets. Here, we summarized the recent updates on miRNA signatures and their cellular targets in the development of breast tumor angiogenetic and discussed the strategies associated with miRNA-based therapeutic targets as anti-angiogenic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Sara Tharwat Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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21
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Regulatory interplay between microRNAs and WNT pathway in glioma. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112187. [PMID: 34560532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common neoplasms of the central nervous system with a poor survival. Due to the obstacles in treating this disease, a part of recent studies mainly focuses on identifying the underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to its malignancy. Altering microRNAs (miRNAs) expression pattern has been identified obviously in many cancers. Through regulating various targets and signaling pathways, miRNAs play a pivotal role in cancer progression. As one of the essential signaling pathways, WNT pathway is dysregulated in many cancers, and a growing body of evidence emphasis its dysregulation in glioma. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of miRNAs involved in WNT pathway in glioma. Moreover, we show the interplay between miRNAs and WNT pathway in regulating different processes such as proliferation, invasion, migration, radio/chemotherapy resistance, and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition. Then, we introduce several drugs and treatments against glioma, which their effects are mediated through the interplay of WNT pathway and miRNAs.
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22
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García-Fonseca Á, Martin-Jimenez C, Barreto GE, Pachón AFA, González J. The Emerging Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs and MicroRNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Perspective of Machine Learning. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1132. [PMID: 34439798 PMCID: PMC8391852 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by progressive neuronal dysfunction and death of brain cells population. As the early manifestations of NDs are similar, their symptoms are difficult to distinguish, making the timely detection and discrimination of each neurodegenerative disorder a priority. Several investigations have revealed the importance of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in neurodevelopment, brain function, maturation, and neuronal activity, as well as its dysregulation involved in many types of neurological diseases. Therefore, the expression pattern of these molecules in the different NDs have gained significant attention to improve the diagnostic and treatment at earlier stages. In this sense, we gather the different microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs that have been reported as dysregulated in each disorder. Since there are a vast number of non-coding RNAs altered in NDs, some sort of synthesis, filtering and organization method should be applied to extract the most relevant information. Hence, machine learning is considered as an important tool for this purpose since it can classify expression profiles of non-coding RNAs between healthy and sick people. Therefore, we deepen in this branch of computer science, its different methods, and its meaningful application in the diagnosis of NDs from the dysregulated non-coding RNAs. In addition, we demonstrate the relevance of machine learning in NDs from the description of different investigations that showed an accuracy between 85% to 95% in the detection of the disease with this tool. All of these denote that artificial intelligence could be an excellent alternative to help the clinical diagnosis and facilitate the identification diseases in early stages based on non-coding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela García-Fonseca
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (Á.G.-F.); (C.M.-J.); (A.F.A.P.)
| | - Cynthia Martin-Jimenez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (Á.G.-F.); (C.M.-J.); (A.F.A.P.)
| | - George E. Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
| | - Andres Felipe Aristizábal Pachón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (Á.G.-F.); (C.M.-J.); (A.F.A.P.)
| | - Janneth González
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (Á.G.-F.); (C.M.-J.); (A.F.A.P.)
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23
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Li F, Yang BB. Non-Coding RNAs in Invadopodia: New Insights Into Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:681576. [PMID: 34290983 PMCID: PMC8287828 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.681576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Invadopodia are actin-rich structures and their formation is implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis. Growing evidence has shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in pathological conditions, including tumorigenesis and metastasis. Although this is still a new area of research, ncRNAs appear to be promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer metastasis. However, understanding the roles of ncRNAs in invadopodia is still in the early stages and far from clinical application. In this mini-review, we summarize the roles of ncRNAs in invadopodia functions and discuss them in a therapeutic context. The current challenges and gaps in this field are also raised, and we provide some open questions to facilitate new ideas in targeting invadopodia in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiya Li
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Division of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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24
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Soheilifar MH, Masoudi-Khoram N, Madadi S, Nobari S, Maadi H, Keshmiri Neghab H, Amini R, Pishnamazi M. Angioregulatory microRNAs in breast cancer: Molecular mechanistic basis and implications for therapeutic strategies. J Adv Res 2021; 37:235-253. [PMID: 35499045 PMCID: PMC9039675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated angiogenesis is a fundamental process in tumor growth and metastasis. Angioregulatory miRNA–target gene interaction is not only involved in sprouting vessels of breast tumors but also, trans-differentiation of breast cancer cells to endothelial cells in a process termed vasculogenic mimicry. Successful targeting of tumor angiogenesis is still a missing link in the treatment of Breast cancer (BC) due to the low effectiveness of anti-angiogenic therapies in this cancer. Response to anti-angiogenic therapeutics are controlled by a miRNAs, so the identification of interaction networks of miRNAs–targets can be applicable in determining anti-angiogeneic therapy and new biomarkers in BC. Angioregulatory miRNAs in breast cancer cells and their microenvironment have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.
Background Cancer-associated angiogenesis is a fundamental process in tumor growth and metastasis. A variety of signaling regulators and pathways contribute to establish neovascularization, among them as small endogenous non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) play prominent dual regulatory function in breast cancer (BC) angiogenesis. Aim of Review This review aims at describing the current state-of-the-art in BC angiogenesis-mediated by angioregulatory miRNAs, and an overview of miRNAs dysregulation association with the anti-angiogenic response in addition to potential clinical application of miRNAs-based therapeutics. Key Scientific Concepts of Review Angioregulatory miRNA–target gene interaction is not only involved in sprouting vessels of breast tumors but also, trans-differentiation of BC cells to endothelial cells (ECs) in a process termed vasculogenic mimicry. Using canonical and non-canonical angiogenesis pathways, the tumor cell employs the oncogenic characteristics such as miRNAs dysregulation to increase survival, proliferation, oxygen and nutrient supply, and treatment resistance. Angioregulatory miRNAs in BC cells and their microenvironment have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. Although, miRNAs dysregulation can serve as tumor biomarker nevertheless, due to the association of miRNAs dysregulation with anti-angiogenic resistant phenotype, clinical benefits of anti-angiogenic therapy might be challenging in BC. Hence, unveiling the molecular mechanism underlying angioregulatory miRNAs sparked a booming interest in finding new treatment strategies such as miRNA-based therapies in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Corresponding authorsat: Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Enghelab St, Tehran 1315795613, Iran (Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar). University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland (Mahboubeh Pishnamazi).
| | - Nastaran Masoudi-Khoram
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Madadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sima Nobari
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hoda Keshmiri Neghab
- Department of Photo Healing and Regeneration, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Pishnamazi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Corresponding authorsat: Yara Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Enghelab St, Tehran 1315795613, Iran (Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar). University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland (Mahboubeh Pishnamazi).
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25
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Zhan X, Lei C, Yang L. Sevoflurane inhibits cell proliferation and migration of glioma by targeting the miR‑27b/VEGF axis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:408. [PMID: 33786635 PMCID: PMC8025459 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor prognosis in patients with glioma is primarily due to rapid tumor growth and cell invasion and migration. In addition, microRNA (miR)‑27b is decreased in metastatic glioma. The present study investigated whether sevoflurane inhibited glioma cell progression by targeting miR‑27b. Cell proliferation was analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay and a wound healing assay was used to detect cell migration. Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR analysis were performed to determine the protein and mRNA expression levels. A dual luciferase assay was used to determine the relationship between vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) and miR‑27b. VEGF was identified to be a direct target of miR‑27b. Moreover, sevoflurane treatment increased the expression of miR‑27b and decreased the expression of VEGF in U251 and U87 cells. Compared with the control group, sevoflurane inhibited the proliferation and migration of U251 and U87 cells, as well as the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and MMP‑9, which were subsequently abolished by pre‑treatment with an miR‑27b inhibitor. The present results indicated the potential use of sevoflurane by anesthesiologists for the surgical resection of glioma, which may improve patient outcomes in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Changcheng Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Linzhu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Kim Y, Varn FS, Park SH, Yoon BW, Park HR, Lee C, Verhaak RGW, Paek SH. Perspective of mesenchymal transformation in glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:50. [PMID: 33762019 PMCID: PMC7992784 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite aggressive multimodal treatment, glioblastoma (GBM), a grade IV primary brain tumor, still portends a poor prognosis with a median overall survival of 12–16 months. The complexity of GBM treatment mainly lies in the inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, which largely contributes to the treatment-refractory and recurrent nature of GBM. By paving the road towards the development of personalized medicine for GBM patients, the cancer genome atlas classification scheme of GBM into distinct transcriptional subtypes has been considered an invaluable approach to overcoming this heterogeneity. Among the identified transcriptional subtypes, the mesenchymal subtype has been found associated with more aggressive, invasive, angiogenic, hypoxic, necrotic, inflammatory, and multitherapy-resistant features than other transcriptional subtypes. Accordingly, mesenchymal GBM patients were found to exhibit worse prognosis than other subtypes when patients with high transcriptional heterogeneity were excluded. Furthermore, identification of the master mesenchymal regulators and their downstream signaling pathways has not only increased our understanding of the complex regulatory transcriptional networks of mesenchymal GBM, but also has generated a list of potent inhibitors for clinical trials. Importantly, the mesenchymal transition of GBM has been found to be tightly associated with treatment-induced phenotypic changes in recurrence. Together, these findings indicate that elucidating the governing and plastic transcriptomic natures of mesenchymal GBM is critical in order to develop novel and selective therapeutic strategies that can improve both patient care and clinical outcomes. Thus, the focus of our review will be on the recent advances in the understanding of the transcriptome of mesenchymal GBM and discuss microenvironmental, metabolic, and treatment-related factors as critical components through which the mesenchymal signature may be acquired. We also take into consideration the transcriptomic plasticity of GBM to discuss the future perspectives in employing selective therapeutic strategies against mesenchymal GBM.
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27
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Annese T, Tamma R, De Giorgis M, Ribatti D. microRNAs Biogenesis, Functions and Role in Tumor Angiogenesis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:581007. [PMID: 33330058 PMCID: PMC7729128 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.581007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, evolutionary conserved. They target more than one mRNAs, thus influencing multiple molecular pathways, but also mRNAs may bind to a variety of miRNAs, either simultaneously or in a context-dependent manner. miRNAs biogenesis, including miRNA transcription, processing by Drosha and Dicer, transportation, RISC biding, and miRNA decay, are finely controlled in space and time. miRNAs are critical regulators in various biological processes, such as differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and development in both health and disease. Their dysregulation is involved in tumor initiation and progression. In tumors, they can act as onco-miRNAs or oncosuppressor-miRNA participating in distinct cellular pathways, and the same miRNA can perform both activities depending on the context. In tumor progression, the angiogenic switch is fundamental. miRNAs derived from tumor cells, endothelial cells, and cells of the surrounding microenvironment regulate tumor angiogenesis, acting as pro-angiomiR or anti-angiomiR. In this review, we described miRNA biogenesis and function, and we update the non-classical aspects of them. The most recent role in the nucleus, as transcriptional gene regulators and the different mechanisms by which they could be dysregulated, in tumor initiation and progression, are treated. In particular, we describe the role of miRNAs in sprouting angiogenesis, vessel co-option, and vasculogenic mimicry. The role of miRNAs in lymphoma angiogenesis is also discussed despite the scarcity of data. The information presented in this review reveals the need to do much more to discover the complete miRNA network regulating angiogenesis, not only using high-throughput computational analysis approaches but also morphological ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Michelina De Giorgis
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Gerasymchuk D, Hubiernatorova A, Domanskyi A. MicroRNAs Regulating Cytoskeleton Dynamics, Endocytosis, and Cell Motility-A Link Between Neurodegeneration and Cancer? Front Neurol 2020; 11:549006. [PMID: 33240194 PMCID: PMC7680873 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.549006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is one of the most mobile and complex cell structures. It is involved in cellular transport, cell division, cell shape formation and adaptation in response to extra- and intracellular stimuli, endo- and exocytosis, migration, and invasion. These processes are crucial for normal cellular physiology and are affected in several pathological processes, including neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Some proteins, participating in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), play an important role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization, and formation of invadopodia in cancer cells and are also deregulated in neurodegenerative disorders. However, there is still limited information about the factors contributing to the regulation of their expression. MicroRNAs are potent negative regulators of gene expression mediating crosstalk between different cellular pathways in cellular homeostasis and stress responses. These molecules regulate numerous genes involved in neuronal differentiation, plasticity, and degeneration. Growing evidence suggests the role of microRNAs in the regulation of endocytosis, cell motility, and invasiveness. By modulating the levels of such microRNAs, it may be possible to interfere with CME or other processes to normalize their function. In malignancy, the role of microRNAs is undoubtful, and therefore changing their levels can attenuate the carcinogenic process. Here we review the current advances in our understanding of microRNAs regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics, CME and cell motility with a special focus on neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. We investigate whether current literature provides an evidence that microRNA-mediated regulation of essential cellular processes, such as CME and cell motility, is conserved in neurons, and cancer cells. We argue that more research effort should be addressed to study the neuron-specific functions on microRNAs. Disease-associated microRNAs affecting essential cellular processes deserve special attention both from the view of fundamental science and as future neurorestorative or anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Gerasymchuk
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Andrii Domanskyi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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29
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Gonçalves CS, Le Boiteux E, Arnaud P, Costa BM. HOX gene cluster (de)regulation in brain: from neurodevelopment to malignant glial tumours. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3797-3821. [PMID: 32239260 PMCID: PMC11105007 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
HOX genes encode a family of evolutionarily conserved homeodomain transcription factors that are crucial both during development and adult life. In humans, 39 HOX genes are arranged in four clusters (HOXA, B, C, and D) in chromosomes 7, 17, 12, and 2, respectively. During embryonic development, particular epigenetic states accompany their expression along the anterior-posterior body axis. This tightly regulated temporal-spatial expression pattern reflects their relative chromosomal localization, and is critical for normal embryonic brain development when HOX genes are mainly expressed in the hindbrain and mostly absent in the forebrain region. Epigenetic marks, mostly polycomb-associated, are dynamically regulated at HOX loci and regulatory regions to ensure the finely tuned HOX activation and repression, highlighting a crucial epigenetic plasticity necessary for homeostatic development. HOX genes are essentially absent in healthy adult brain, whereas they are detected in malignant brain tumours, namely gliomas, where HOX genes display critical roles by regulating several hallmarks of cancer. Here, we review the major mechanisms involved in HOX genes (de)regulation in the brain, from embryonic to adult stages, in physiological and oncologic conditions. We focus particularly on the emerging causes of HOX gene deregulation in glioma, as well as on their functional and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline S Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Elisa Le Boiteux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM-iGReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Philippe Arnaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM-iGReD, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno M Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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30
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Cui Z, Kang H, Grandis JR, Johnson DE. CYLD Alterations in the Tumorigenesis and Progression of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Neck Cancers. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:14-24. [PMID: 32883697 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genetic alterations of CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase (CYLD), a tumor-suppressor gene encoding a deubiquitinase (DUB) enzyme, are associated with the formation of tumors in CYLD cutaneous syndrome. Genome sequencing efforts have revealed somatic CYLD alterations in multiple human cancers. Moreover, in cancers commonly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (e.g., head and neck squamous cell carcinoma), CYLD alterations are preferentially observed in the HPV-positive versus HPV-negative form of the disease. The CYLD enzyme cleaves K63-linked polyubiquitin from substrate proteins, resulting in the disassembly of key protein complexes and the inactivation of growth-promoting signaling pathways, including pathways mediated by NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases. Loss-of-function CYLD alterations lead to aberrant activation of these signaling pathways, promoting tumorigenesis and malignant transformation. This review summarizes the association and potential role of CYLD somatic mutations in HPV-positive cancers, with particular emphasis on the role of these alterations in tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Potential therapeutic strategies for patients whose tumors harbor CYLD alterations are also discussed. IMPLICATIONS: Alterations in CYLD gene are associated with HPV-associated cancers, contribute to NF-κB activation, and are implicated in invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Cui
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
| | - Hyunseok Kang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel E Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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31
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Choppavarapu L, Kandi SM. Circulating MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Glioma: A Mini-Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:195-202. [PMID: 32744979 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200730230422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioma comprises of a group of heterogeneous brain tumors originating from glial cells. Primary glioblastoma is among the most common glial cells that have a characteristic clinical and molecular profile. Advancement in the field of cancer research and inventions of various clinical methodologies could not improve the median survival of this deadly tumor from 12 months. The development of a non-invasive prognostic biomarker in blood would be a revolution in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of this tumor. Extracellular vesicles (Evs) are released from the tumor microenvironment into the blood, which contains the genetic material that represents the genetics of tumor cells. It is also seen that these Evs contain a variety of RNA populations, including miRNAs. Several studies identified that circulating cell-free miRNAs, either free or present in Evs, could be considered as a potential biomarker in early diagnosis and prognosis of glioblastoma. Micro RNA studies in glioblastoma have found to be promising, as it reveals the biological pathway behind pathogenesis and helps in predicting the treatment targets. The literature says that various treatment methods change the type and quantity of miRNAs in biological fluids, which can be used to monitor the therapy. This review paper focuses on the role of circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and clinical management of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sibin M Kandi
- Department of Biochemistry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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32
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Litak J, Grochowski C, Litak J, Osuchowska I, Gosik K, Radzikowska E, Kamieniak P, Rolinski J. TLR-4 Signaling vs. Immune Checkpoints, miRNAs Molecules, Cancer Stem Cells, and Wingless-Signaling Interplay in Glioblastoma Multiforme-Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093114. [PMID: 32354122 PMCID: PMC7247696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like-receptor (TLR) family members were detected in the central nervous system (CNS). TLR occurrence was noticed and widely described in glioblastomamultiforme (GBM) cells. After ligand attachment, TLR-4 reorients domains and dimerizes, activates an intracellular cascade, and promotes further cytoplasmatic signaling. There is evidence pointing at a strong relation between TLR-4 signaling and micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) expression. The TLR-4/miRNA interplay changes typical signaling and encourages them to be a target for modern immunotherapy. TLR-4 agonists initiate signaling and promote programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1L) expression. Most of those molecules are intensively expressed in the GBM microenvironment, resulting in the autocrine induction of regional immunosuppression. Another potential target for immunotreatment is connected with limited TLR-4 signaling that promotes Wnt/DKK-3/claudine-5 signaling, resulting in a limitation of GBM invasiveness. Interestingly, TLR-4 expression results in bordering proliferative trends in cancer stem cells (CSC) and GBM. All of these potential targets could bring new hope for patients suffering from this incurable disease. Clinical trials concerning TLR-4 signaling inhibition/promotion in many cancers are recruiting patients. There is still a lot to do in the field of GBM immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Litak
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Cezary Grochowski
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Laboratory of Virtual Man, Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Litak
- St. John‘s Cancer Center in Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ida Osuchowska
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gosik
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Kamieniak
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Rolinski
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Recent Trends of microRNA Significance in Pediatric Population Glioblastoma and Current Knowledge of Micro RNA Function in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093046. [PMID: 32349263 PMCID: PMC7246719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system tumors are a significant problem for modern medicine because of their location. The explanation of the importance of microRNA (miRNA) in the development of cancerous changes plays an important role in this respect. The first papers describing the presence of miRNA were published in the 1990s. The role of miRNA has been pointed out in many medical conditions such as kidney disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorder, arthritis and cancer. There are several miRNAs responsible for invasiveness, apoptosis, resistance to treatment, angiogenesis, proliferation and immunology, and many others. The research conducted in recent years analyzing this group of tumors has shown the important role of miRNA in the course of gliomagenesis. These particles seem to participate in many stages of the development of cancer processes, such as proliferation, angiogenesis, regulation of apoptosis or cell resistance to cytostatics.
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DeOcesano-Pereira C, Machado RAC, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Sogayar MC. Emerging Roles and Potential Applications of Non-Coding RNAs in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2611. [PMID: 32283739 PMCID: PMC7178171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise a diversity of RNA species, which do not have the potential to encode proteins. Non-coding RNAs include two classes of RNAs, namely: short regulatory ncRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The short regulatory RNAs, containing up to 200 nucleotides, include small RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNA), short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). The lncRNAs include long antisense RNAs and long intergenic RNAs (lincRNAs). Non-coding RNAs have been implicated as master regulators of several biological processes, their expression being strictly regulated under physiological conditions. In recent years, particularly in the last decade, substantial effort has been made to investigate the function of ncRNAs in several human diseases, including cancer. Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive type of brain cancer in adults, with deregulated expression of small and long ncRNAs having been implicated in onset, progression, invasiveness, and recurrence of this tumor. The aim of this review is to guide the reader through important aspects of miRNA and lncRNA biology, focusing on the molecular mechanism associated with the progression of this highly malignant cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos DeOcesano-Pereira
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, 1500 Vital Brazil Avenue, São Paulo 05503-900 SP, Brazil; (C.D.-P.); (A.M.C.-T.)
| | - Raquel A. C. Machado
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, 1500 Vital Brazil Avenue, São Paulo 05503-900 SP, Brazil; (C.D.-P.); (A.M.C.-T.)
| | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Cell and Molecular Therapy Center (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05360-130 SP, Brazil
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Buruiană A, Florian ȘI, Florian AI, Timiș TL, Mihu CM, Miclăuș M, Oșan S, Hrapșa I, Cataniciu RC, Farcaș M, Șușman S. The Roles of miRNA in Glioblastoma Tumor Cell Communication: Diplomatic and Aggressive Negotiations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061950. [PMID: 32178454 PMCID: PMC7139390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) consists of a heterogeneous collection of competing cellular clones which communicate with each other and with the tumor microenvironment (TME). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) present various exchange mechanisms: free miRNA, extracellular vesicles (EVs), or gap junctions (GJs). GBM cells transfer miR-4519 and miR-5096 to astrocytes through GJs. Oligodendrocytes located in the invasion front present high levels of miR-219-5p, miR-219-2-3p, and miR-338-3p, all related to their differentiation. There is a reciprocal exchange between GBM cells and endothelial cells (ECs) as miR-5096 promotes angiogenesis after being transferred into ECs, whereas miR-145-5p acts as a tumor suppressor. In glioma stem cells (GSCs), miR-1587 and miR-3620-5p increase the proliferation and miR-1587 inhibits the hormone receptor co-repressor-1 (NCOR1) after EVs transfers. GBM-derived EVs carry miR-21 and miR-451 that are up-taken by microglia and monocytes/macrophages, promoting their proliferation. Macrophages release EVs enriched in miR-21 that are transferred to glioma cells. This bidirectional miR-21 exchange increases STAT3 activity in GBM cells and macrophages, promoting invasion, proliferation, angiogenesis, and resistance to treatment. miR-1238 is upregulated in resistant GBM clones and their EVs, conferring resistance to adjacent cells via the CAV1/EGFR signaling pathway. Decrypting these mechanisms could lead to a better patient stratification and the development of novel target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Buruiană
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.); (S.O.); (I.H.); (R.C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Ștefan Ioan Florian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Ș.I.F.); (A.I.F.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency County Hospital, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Ioan Florian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Ș.I.F.); (A.I.F.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency County Hospital, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Teodora-Larisa Timiș
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Carmen Mihaela Mihu
- Department of Morphological Sciences-Histology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Maria Miclăuș
- Department of Medical Genetics, Emergency Hospital for Children, 68 Moților Street, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Sergiu Oșan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.); (S.O.); (I.H.); (R.C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Iona Hrapșa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.); (S.O.); (I.H.); (R.C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Radu Constantin Cataniciu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.); (S.O.); (I.H.); (R.C.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Marius Farcaș
- Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.); (S.O.); (I.H.); (R.C.C.); (M.F.)
- Department of Genetics, IMOGEN Research Center, Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sergiu Șușman
- Department of Morphological Sciences-Histology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Pathology, IMOGEN Research Center, Louis Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
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Innao V, Allegra A, Pulvirenti N, Allegra AG, Musolino C. Therapeutic potential of antagomiRs in haematological and oncological neoplasms. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2020; 29:e13208. [PMID: 31899849 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of the role of MicroRNAs (or miRNAs) has been emphasised by the large number of studies in human tumour cells, underlining the high impact of post-transcriptional processes in cancer onset, progression, invasion and metastatisation. Currently known as oncomiR, real databases are collecting all the smaller fragments of RNA capable of participating in the oncogenesis. AIMS With the aim to collect for the first time the most important acquisitions in literature about antagomiRs in oncology, our narrative review is born with the purpose of showing that specific antisense oligonucleotides, capable to bind and antagonise single or multiple miRNAs, are effective as therapeutic compounds. RESULTS Peptide or locked nucleic acids, miRNA sponges or antagomiRs attached to plasmid or lentiviral vectors carrying miRNA sequences to its target are objects of our analysis, demonstrating their effectiveness in a large number and types of tumours. We have also tried how to overcome their high immunogenicity, which remains its greatest limit for clinical use. CONCLUSIONS They are ambitious but fascinating promise to alter the promotion of the tumour growth by binding specific molecular targets, with high precision and low toxicity, leaving the scientists the chance of development as anti-cancer drugs and not just.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Innao
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicolina Pulvirenti
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaetano Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Dipartimento di Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Gersey Z, Osiason AD, Bloom L, Shah S, Thompson JW, Bregy A, Agarwal N, Komotar RJ. Therapeutic Targeting of the Notch Pathway in Glioblastoma Multiforme. World Neurosurg 2019; 131:252-263.e2. [PMID: 31376551 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.07.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadly form of brain tumor. After standard treatment of resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the 5-year survival is <5%. In recent years, research has uncovered several potential targets within the Notch signaling pathway, which may lead to improved patient outcomes. METHODS A literature search was performed for articles containing the terms "Glioblastoma" and "Receptors, Notch" between 2003 and July 2015. Of the 62 articles retrieved, 46 met our criteria and were included in our review. Nine articles were identified from other sources and were subsequently included, leaving 55 articles reviewed. RESULTS Of the 55 articles reviewed, 47 used established human GBM cell lines. Seventeen articles used human GBM surgical samples. Forty-five of 48 articles that assessed Notch activity showed increased expression in GBM cell lines. Targeting the Notch pathway was carried out through Notch knockdown and overexpression and targeting δ-like ligand, Jagged, γ-secretase, ADAM10, ADAM17, and Mastermindlike protein 1. Arsenic trioxide, microRNAs, and several other compounds were shown to have an effect on the Notch pathway in GBM. Notch activity in GBM was also shown to be associated with hypoxia and certain cancer-related molecular pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK/MAPK. Most articles concluded that Notch activity amplifies malignant characteristics in GBM and targeting this pathway can bring about amelioration of these effects. CONCLUSIONS Recent literature suggests targeting the Notch pathway has great potential for future therapies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Gersey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam D Osiason
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Laura Bloom
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sumedh Shah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - John W Thompson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Amade Bregy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ricardo J Komotar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
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Li W, Li C, Xiong Q, Tian X, Ru Q. MicroRNA-10b-5p downregulation inhibits the invasion of glioma cells via modulating homeobox B3 expression. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4577-4585. [PMID: 31105788 PMCID: PMC6507523 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-10b (miR-10b) has been reported to be specifically upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of miR-10b-5p on the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells, and the possible underlying molecular mechanism. Cell viability was evaluated using an MTT assay, and flow cytometry was performed for cell cycle analysis. The effects of miR-10b-5p on glioma cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. The activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) was also determined using zymography. Furthermore, homeobox B3 (HOXB3) mRNA expression in glioma cells was examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The protein expression levels of HOXB3, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and Ras homolog family member C (RhoC) were further measured using western blotting. It was observed that glioma cells transfected with miR-10b-5p inhibitor exhibited significantly decreased proliferation. The wound healing and Transwell assays demonstrated that the miR-10b-5p inhibitor reduced the ability of glioma cells to migrate and invade, while transfection with miR-10b-5p mimic exhibited the opposite effect. HOXB3 was downregulated by miR-10b-5p at both the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, the expression of proteins associated with migration and invasion, including HMGB1, RhoC and MMP2, was upregulated in glioma cells transfected with miR-10b-5p mimic, while these proteins were downregulated in cells transfected with miR-10b-5p inhibitor. Taken together, the findings of the present study indicated that miR-10b-5p downregulation suppressed glioma cell proliferation and invasion, possibly by modulating HOXB3, which may provide a novel bio-target for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Li
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, P.R. China
| | - Chaoying Li
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, P.R. China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Tian
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, P.R. China
| | - Qin Ru
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, P.R. China
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Han B, Zheng Y, Wang L, Wang H, Du J, Ye F, Sun T, Zhang L. A novel microRNA signature predicts vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20859-20868. [PMID: 30997686 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vascular invasion (VI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important clinical parameter to predict survival. In this study, we collected microRNA (miRNA) expression data from HCC patients using The Cancer Genome Atlas database and identified a novel miRNA signature associated with VI. First, we categorized HCC patients into groups with or without VI (VI+ and VI-). We identified three miRNAs (miRNA-210, miRNA-10b, and miRNA-9-1) that were associated with VI according to a Kaplan-Meier analysis. This three-miRNA signature exhibited good predictive ability for VI in patients with HCC according to a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis at 1, 3, and 5 years. Patients with HCC with a high risk score exhibited a trend toward worse outcomes as determined by multivariable Cox regression and stratified analyses. This three-miRNA signature provides an accurate prediction of VI and can be used as an independent prognostic indicator for predicting VI in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of GICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haixu Wang
- Department of GICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiaxin Du
- Department of GICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fanglei Ye
- Department of Otology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tongwen Sun
- Department of GICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Krichevsky AM, Uhlmann EJ. Oligonucleotide Therapeutics as a New Class of Drugs for Malignant Brain Tumors: Targeting mRNAs, Regulatory RNAs, Mutations, Combinations, and Beyond. Neurotherapeutics 2019; 16:319-347. [PMID: 30644073 PMCID: PMC6554258 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-00702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors are rapidly progressive and often fatal owing to resistance to therapies and based on their complex biology, heterogeneity, and isolation from systemic circulation. Glioblastoma is the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumor, has high mortality, and affects both children and adults. Despite significant advances in understanding the pathology, multiple clinical trials employing various treatment strategies have failed. With much expanded knowledge of the GBM genome, epigenome, and transcriptome, the field of neuro-oncology is getting closer to achieve breakthrough-targeted molecular therapies. Current developments of oligonucleotide chemistries for CNS applications make this new class of drugs very attractive for targeting molecular pathways dysregulated in brain tumors and are anticipated to vastly expand the spectrum of currently targetable molecules. In this chapter, we will overview the molecular landscape of malignant gliomas and explore the most prominent molecular targets (mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and genomic mutations) that provide opportunities for the development of oligonucleotide therapeutics for this class of neurologic diseases. Because malignant brain tumors focally disrupt the blood-brain barrier, this class of diseases might be also more susceptible to systemic treatments with oligonucleotides than other neurologic disorders and, thus, present an entry point for the oligonucleotide therapeutics to the CNS. Nevertheless, delivery of oligonucleotides remains a crucial part of the treatment strategy. Finally, synthetic gRNAs guiding CRISPR-Cas9 editing technologies have a tremendous potential to further expand the applications of oligonucleotide therapeutics and take them beyond RNA targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Krichevsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
| | - Erik J Uhlmann
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
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Lolli A, Colella F, De Bari C, van Osch GJVM. Targeting anti-chondrogenic factors for the stimulation of chondrogenesis: A new paradigm in cartilage repair. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:12-22. [PMID: 30175861 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Trauma and age-related cartilage disorders represent a major global cause of morbidity, resulting in chronic pain and disability in patients. A lack of effective therapies, together with a rapidly aging population, creates an impressive clinical and economic burden on healthcare systems. In this scenario, experimental therapies based on transplantation or in situ stimulation of skeletal Mesenchymal Stem/progenitor Cells (MSCs) have raised great interest for cartilage repair. Nevertheless, the challenge of guiding MSC differentiation and preventing cartilage hypertrophy and calcification still needs to be overcome. While research has mostly focused on the stimulation of cartilage anabolism using growth factors, several issues remain unresolved prompting the field to search for novel solutions. Recently, inhibition of anti-chondrogenic regulators has emerged as an intriguing opportunity. Anti-chondrogenic regulators include extracellular proteins as well as intracellular transcription factors and microRNAs that act as potent inhibitors of pro-chondrogenic signals. Suppression of these inhibitors can enhance MSC chondrogenesis and production of cartilage matrix. We here review the current knowledge concerning different types of anti-chondrogenic regulators. We aim to highlight novel therapeutic targets for cartilage repair and discuss suitable tools for suppressing their anti-chondrogenic functions. Further effort is needed to unveil the therapeutic perspectives of this approach and pave the way for effective treatment of cartilage injuries in patients. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lolli
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fabio Colella
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Cosimo De Bari
- Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Nekoohesh L, Modarressi MH, Mowla SJ, Sadroddiny E, Etemadian M, Afsharpad M, Zolfaghari F, Barzegari M, Saffari M, Oskooei VK, Motevaseli E, Ghafouri-Fard S. Expression profile of miRNAs in urine samples of bladder cancer patients. Biomark Med 2018; 12:1311-1321. [PMID: 30507304 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM miRNAs have been suggested as biomarkers for bladder cancer. We aimed to find a diagnostic panel of miRNAs based on differential expression of miRNAs in urine specimens of patient with bladder cancer compared with control group. METHODS miR-141, miR-10b, miR-34b and miR-103 were selected to assess their expression in urine samples of 66 bladder cancer patients and 53 matched controls using quantitative real time PCR. RESULTS miR-10b and miR-34b were upregulated in cases compared with controls. The combination of four miRNAs showed a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 63.5% with a diagnostic power of 72%. CONCLUSION Certain miRNAs can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Nekoohesh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Modarressi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Sadroddiny
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Etemadian
- Department of Urology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Afsharpad
- Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Zolfaghari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manijeh Barzegari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Saffari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Kholghi Oskooei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nadaradjane A, Briand J, Bougras-Cartron G, Disdero V, Vallette FM, Frenel JS, Cartron PF. miR-370-3p Is a Therapeutic Tool in Anti-glioblastoma Therapy but Is Not an Intratumoral or Cell-free Circulating Biomarker. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:642-650. [PMID: 30497054 PMCID: PMC6258828 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, microRNAs (miRs) have been described as biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Based on this finding, our aim here is to know if (1) miRNA-370-3p can be used as a biomarker associated with a favorable survival and if (2) miRNA-370-3p can be used as a therapeutic tool that increases the efficiency of standard anti-GBM treatment. A first approach using the data available on the “Prognostic miRNA Database” indicated that the expression level of miRNA-370-3p in GBM (T-miR-370-3p) is not associated with a prognosis value for survival. A second approach quantifying the expression level of cell-free circulating miRNA-370-3p (cfc-miR-370-3p) also indicated that cfc-miR-370-3p is not associated with a prognosis value for survival. To investigate whether miR-370-3p can be used in vivo to increase the anti-GBM effect of TMZ, we then used the model of LN18-induced GBMs in mice. Our data indicated that the miRNA-370-3p/TMZ treatment was two times more efficient than the TMZ treatment for decreasing the tumor volume. In addition, our study correlated the decrease of tumor volume induced by the miRNA-370-3p/TMZ treatment with the decrease in FOXM1 and MGMT (i.e., two targets of miR-370-3p). Our data thus support the idea that miR-370-3p could be used as therapeutic tool for anti-glioblastoma therapy, but not as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulraj Nadaradjane
- Equipe Apoptose & Progression Tumorale, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), INSERM U1232, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; LaBCT, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France; Cancéropole Grand-Ouest, réseau Epigénétique (RepiCGO), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; EpiSAVMEN Consortium (Région Pays de la Loire), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Joséphine Briand
- Equipe Apoptose & Progression Tumorale, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), INSERM U1232, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; LaBCT, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France; Cancéropole Grand-Ouest, réseau Epigénétique (RepiCGO), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; EpiSAVMEN Consortium (Région Pays de la Loire), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gwenola Bougras-Cartron
- Equipe Apoptose & Progression Tumorale, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), INSERM U1232, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; LaBCT, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France; Cancéropole Grand-Ouest, réseau Epigénétique (RepiCGO), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; EpiSAVMEN Consortium (Région Pays de la Loire), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Valentine Disdero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest site René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - François M Vallette
- Equipe Apoptose & Progression Tumorale, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), INSERM U1232, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; LaBCT, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France; EpiSAVMEN Consortium (Région Pays de la Loire), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; LabEX IGO, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Frenel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest site René Gauducheau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Pierre-François Cartron
- Equipe Apoptose & Progression Tumorale, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers (CRCINA), INSERM U1232, Nantes, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; LaBCT, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France; Cancéropole Grand-Ouest, réseau Epigénétique (RepiCGO), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; EpiSAVMEN Consortium (Région Pays de la Loire), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; LabEX IGO, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
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44
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Zhang Y, Wang LJ, Yang HQ, Wang R, Wu HJ. MicroRNA-10b expression predicts long-term survival in patients with solid tumor. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1248-1256. [PMID: 30191959 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have evaluated the significance of the microRNA-10b (miR-10b) in the development and progression of many cancers. Their findings revealed that increased expression of miR-10b is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with cancer. RESULTS A total of 1,834 patients from 19 studies were included in this study. A significantly shorter overall survival was observed in patients with increased expression of miR-10b (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51-2.61). Statistical significance was also observed in subgroup meta-analysis stratified by the cancer type, cutoff value, analysis type, and sample size. Also, patients with a high expression level of miR-10b had a poorer disease-free survival rate (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05-1.33). In addition, the pooled odds ratios (ORs) showed that increased miR-10b was also associated with positive lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.45-3.03), distant metastasis (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.57-3.67), tumor size (OR = 3.86, 95% CI: 2.25-6.64), and poor clinical stage (OR = 5.02, 95% CI: 3.37-7.47). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted on a number of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Springer, Google Scholar, and Gene expression omnibus. We retrieved the relevant articles to examine the association between the miR-10b expression levels and patients' prognosis. The meta-analysis was conducted using the RevMan 5.2 software and Stata SE12.0 software. CONCLUSIONS High miR-10b expression was correlated with poor clinical outcome, which indicated the potential clinical use of miR-10b as a molecular biomarker for cancer, particularly in assessing prognosis for patients with cancers. Further studies should be performed to verify the clinical utility of miR-10b in human solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, ShangRao People's Hospital, ShangRao, Jiangxi, China
| | - He-Quan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua-Jun Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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45
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Aberrant miRNAs Regulate the Biological Hallmarks of Glioblastoma. Neuromolecular Med 2018; 20:452-474. [PMID: 30182330 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-8507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
GBM is the highest incidence in primary intracranial malignancy, and it remains poor prognosis even though the patient is gave standard treatment. Despite decades of intense research, the complex biology of GBM remains elusive. In view of eight hallmarks of cancer which were proposed in 2011, studies related to the eight biological capabilities in GBM have made great progress. From these studies, it can be inferred that miRs, as a mode of post-transcriptional regulation, are involved in regulating these malignant biological hallmarks of GBM. Herein, we discuss state-of-the-art research on how aberrant miRs modulate the eight hallmarks of GBM. The upregulation of 'oncomiRs' or the genetic loss of tumor suppressor miRs is associated with these eight biological capabilities acquired during GBM formation. Furthermore, we also discuss the applicable clinical potential of these research results. MiRs may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of GBM. Moreover, miRs are also therapeutic targets of GBM. These studies will develop and improve precision medicine for GBM in the future.
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46
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Graybill RM, Cardenosa-Rubio MC, Yang H, Johnson MD, Bailey RC. Multiplexed microRNA Expression Profiling by Combined Asymmetric PCR and Label-Free Detection using Silicon Photonic Sensor Arrays. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2018; 10:1618-1623. [PMID: 30275912 PMCID: PMC6162071 DOI: 10.1039/c8ay00190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Analysis methods based upon the quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction are extremely powerful; however, they face intrinsic limitations in terms of target multiplexing. In contrast, silicon photonic microring resonators represent a modularly multiplexable sensor array technology that is well-suited to the analysis of targeted biomarker panels. In this manuscript we employ an asymmetric polymerase chain reaction approach to selectively amplify copies of cDNAs generated from targeted miRNAs before multiplexed, label-free quantitation through hybridization to microring resonator arrays pre-functionalized with capture sequences. This method, which shows applicability to low input amounts and a large dynamic range, was demonstrated for the simultaneous detection of eight microRNA targets from twenty primary brain tumor samples with expression profiles in good agreement with literature precedent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. Graybill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Matthews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Maria C. Cardenosa-Rubio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Matthews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Mark D. Johnson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Ryan C. Bailey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Matthews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
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47
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Ru Q, Li WL, Xiong Q, Chen L, Tian X, Li CY. Voltage-gated potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine induces glioma cell apoptosis by reducing expression of microRNA-10b-5p. Mol Biol Cell 2018. [PMID: 29514931 PMCID: PMC5921578 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-02-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv channels) were associated with regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor cells. Our previous study proved that the Kv channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) could inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in glioma. However, the precise mechanisms were not clear yet. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that act as key mediators in the progression of tumor, so the aim of this study was to investigate the role of miRNAs in the apoptosis-promoting effect of 4-AP in glioma cells. Using a microRNA array, we found that 4-AP altered the miRNA expression in glioma cells, and the down-regulation of miR-10b-5p induced by 4-AP was verified by real-time PCR. Transfection of miR-10b-5p mimic significantly inhibited 4-AP-induced caspases activation and apoptosis. Moreover, we verified that apoptosis-related molecule Apaf-1 was the direct target of miR-10b-5p. Furthermore, miR-10b-5p mimic significantly inhibited 4-AP-induced up-regulation of Apaf-1 and its downstream apoptosis-related proteins, such as cleaved caspase-3. In conclusion, Kv channel blocker 4-AP may exert its anti-tumor effect by down-regulating the expression of miR-10b-5p and then raised expression of Apaf-1 and its downstream apoptosis-related proteins. Current data provide evidence that miRNAs play important roles in Kv channels-mediated cell proliferation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ru
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Wei-Ling Li
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiang Tian
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Chao-Ying Li
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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48
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Zhang D, Liu Z, Zheng N, Wu H, Zhang Z, Xu J. MiR-30b-5p modulates glioma cell proliferation by direct targeting MTDH. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:947-952. [PMID: 30108445 PMCID: PMC6087807 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most common and lethal type of primary tumor of the central nervous system. The incidence of glioma is increasing year by year. In recent years, a variety of new treatment methods have emerged, among which gene therapy has become a hotspot. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding single-strand RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional and/or translational level by binding loosely complimentary sequences in the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of target mRNAs. Several miRNAs have been reported to modulate glioma progression. This study aimed to determine the function of miR-30b-5p in glioma and its underlying molecular mechanism. miR-30b-5p expression was significantly lower in gliomas than the normal brain tissues. Overexpression of miR-30b-5p was found to significantly inhibit glioma cell proliferation in vitro. Further, MTDH expression was significantly higher in the gliomas compared with the normal brain tissues. In addition, MTDH was validated as direct target of miR-30b-5p. Moreover, cellular proliferation was increased after MTDH overexpression in the glioma cells, which reversed the effects of miR-30b-5p. Taken together, these results reveal miR-30b-5p impacts glioma cell proliferation via direct targeting MTDH and could be a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daobao Zhang
- Neurosurgery of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, PR China.,Neurosurgery of the People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan 614000, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Neurosurgery of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, PR China
| | - Niandong Zheng
- Neurosurgery of the People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan 614000, PR China
| | - Honggang Wu
- Neurosurgery of the People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan 614000, PR China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Neurosurgery of the People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan 614000, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Neurosurgery of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, PR China
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Hujie G, Zhou SH, Zhang H, Qu J, Xiong XW, Hujie O, Liao CG, Yang SE. MicroRNA-10b regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition by modulating KLF4/KLF11/Smads in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:10. [PMID: 29375271 PMCID: PMC5773153 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous work showed that miR-10b was overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and promoted HCC cell migration and invasion. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in HCC metastasis. So, we suspected that miR-10b might participate in the HCC EMT. Methods We performed morphological analysis and immunofluorescence to observe the roles of miR-10b in HCC EMT. The expression of KLF11 and EMT markers were detected by real-time RT-PCR and western blot. The regulation roles of miR-10b on KLF11 and KLF4 were determined by luciferase reporter assay. The chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed the binding relationship between KLF4 and KLF11. Results We found that overexpression of miR-10b could promote HCC EMT. miR-10b could upregulated KLF11 expression. The upregulation of KLF11 reduced the downstream molecular Smad7 expression, which upregulated the Smad3 expression to promote EMT development. Furthermore, the induction role of miR-10b in HCC EMT could be blocked by KLF11 siRNA. But our results showed that there was no direct regulation of miR-10b in KLF11 expression. Specifically, miR-10b could bind to the 3′UTR of KLF4 and inhibit KLF4 expression. KLF4 could directly bind to KLF11 promoter and downregulate KLF11 transcription. Conclusion Our results reveal that miR-10b downregulates KLF4, the inhibitory transcriptional factor of KLF11, which induces Smads signaling activity to promote HCC EMT. Our study presents the regulation mechanism of miR-10b in EMT through the KLF4/KLF11/Smads pathway for the first time and implicates miR-10b as a potential target for HCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulibaha Hujie
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China.,Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hua Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Korla Hospital, Second Divisions of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Korla, 841000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Qu
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Xiong
- Department of Gerontology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Outikuer Hujie
- 4Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Gong Liao
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Command of PLA, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-E Yang
- 1Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000 People's Republic of China
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50
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Nguyen DD, Chang S. Development of Novel Therapeutic Agents by Inhibition of Oncogenic MicroRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:E65. [PMID: 29280958 PMCID: PMC5796015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs, miRNAs) are regulatory small noncoding RNAs, with their roles already confirmed to be important for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression affecting cell physiology and disease development. Upregulation of a cancer-causing miRNA, known as oncogenic miRNA, has been found in many types of cancers and, therefore, represents a potential new class of targets for therapeutic inhibition. Several strategies have been developed in recent years to inhibit oncogenic miRNAs. Among them is a direct approach that targets mature oncogenic miRNA with an antisense sequence known as antimiR, which could be an oligonucleotide or miRNA sponge. In contrast, an indirect approach is to block the biogenesis of miRNA by genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system or a small molecule inhibitor. The development of these inhibitors is straightforward but involves significant scientific and therapeutic challenges that need to be resolved. In this review, we summarize recent relevant studies on the development of miRNA inhibitors against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Duc Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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