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Cheng PF, Yuan-He, Ge MM, Ye DW, Chen JP, Wang JX. Targeting the Main Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species Production: Possible Therapeutic Implications in Chronic Pain. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1960-1985. [PMID: 37921169 PMCID: PMC11333790 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22999231024140544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans have long been combating chronic pain. In clinical practice, opioids are firstchoice analgesics, but long-term use of these drugs can lead to serious adverse reactions. Finding new, safe and effective pain relievers that are useful treatments for chronic pain is an urgent medical need. Based on accumulating evidence from numerous studies, excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Some antioxidants are potentially beneficial analgesics in the clinic, but ROS-dependent pathways are completely inhibited only by scavenging ROS directly targeting cellular or subcellular sites. Unfortunately, current antioxidant treatments do not achieve this effect. Furthermore, some antioxidants interfere with physiological redox signaling pathways and fail to reverse oxidative damage. Therefore, the key upstream processes and mechanisms of ROS production that lead to chronic pain in vivo must be identified to discover potential therapeutic targets related to the pathways that control ROS production in vivo. In this review, we summarize the sites and pathways involved in analgesia based on the three main mechanisms by which ROS are generated in vivo, discuss the preclinical evidence for the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways in chronic pain, note the shortcomings of current research and highlight possible future research directions to provide new targets and evidence for the development of clinical analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Cheng
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yuan-He
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Meng-Meng Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- Department of Pain Management, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jin-Xi Wang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
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Vali R, Azadi A, Tizno A, Farkhondeh T, Samini F, Samarghandian S. miRNA contributes to neuropathic pains. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126893. [PMID: 37730007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a kind of chronic pain caused by direct injury to the peripheral or central nervous system (CNS). microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that mostly interact with the 3 untranslated region of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to regulate the expression of multiple genes. NP is characterized by changes in the expression of receptors and mediators, and there is evidence that miRNAs may contribute to some of these alterations. In this review, we aimed to fully comprehend the connection between NP and miRNA; and also, to establish a link between neurology, biology, and dentistry. Studies have shown that targeting miRNAs may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chronic pain and potential target for the prevention of NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Vali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Modern Science, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Azadi
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Tizno
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kamyab Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fariborz Samini
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Boonpraman N, Yoon S, Kim CY, Moon JS, Yi SS. NOX4 as a critical effector mediating neuroinflammatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase and osteopontin, specifically in astrocytes in the hippocampus in Parkinson's disease. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102698. [PMID: 37058998 PMCID: PMC10123376 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases with age and causes a redox imbalance, which contributes to the neurotoxicity of PD. Accumulating evidence suggests that NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived ROS, especially NOX4, belong to the NOX family and is one of the major isoforms expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), associated with the progression of PD. We have previously shown that NOX4 activation regulates ferroptosis via astrocytic mitochondrial dysfunction. We have previously shown that activation of NOX4 regulates ferroptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction in astrocytes. However, it remains unclear why an increase in NOX4 in neurodegenerative diseases leads to astrocyte cell death by certain mediators. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate how NOX4 in the hippocampus is involved in PD by comparing an MPTP-induced PD mouse model compared to human PD patients. We could detect that the hippocampus was dominantly associated with elevated levels of NOX4 and α-synuclein during PD and the neuroinflammatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and osteopontin (OPN), were upregulated particularly in astrocytes. Intriguingly, NOX4 suggested a direct intercorrelation with MPO and OPN in the hippocampus. Upregulation of MPO and OPN induces mitochondrial dysfunction by suppressing five protein complexes in the mitochondrial electron transport system (ETC) and increases the level of 4-HNE leading to ferroptosis in human astrocytes. Overall, our findings indicate that the elevation of NOX4 cooperated with the MPO and OPN inflammatory cytokines through mitochondrial aberration in hippocampal astrocytes during PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napissara Boonpraman
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Sunmi Yoon
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Chae Young Kim
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Shin Yi
- Bk21 Four Program, Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea.
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Vidic Z, Goricar K, Strazisar B, Besic N, Dolzan V. Association of OPRM1, MIR23B, and MIR107 genetic variability with acute pain, chronic pain and adverse effects after postoperative tramadol and paracetamol treatment in breast cancer. Radiol Oncol 2023; 57:111-120. [PMID: 36942908 PMCID: PMC10039478 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2023-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tramadol is an opioid analgesic often used for pain management after breast cancer surgery. Its analgesic activity is due to the activation of the μ-opioid receptor, encoded by the OPRM1 gene. This study investigated the association of genetic variability in OPRM1 and its regulatory miRNA genes with outcomes of tramadol/paracetamol treatment after breast cancer surgery with axillary lymphadenectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 113 breast cancer patients after breast cancer surgery with axillary lymphadenectomy treated with either 75/650 mg or 37.5/325 mg of tramadol with paracetamol for pain relief within the randomized clinical trial KCT 04/2015-DORETAonko/si at the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana. All patients were genotyped for OPRM1 rs1799971 and rs677830, MIR23B rs1011784, and MIR107 rs2296616 using competitive allele-specific PCR. The association of genetic factors with acute and chronic pain as well as adverse effects of tramadol treatment was evaluated using logistic regression, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS The investigated OPRM1 related polymorphisms were not associated with acute pain assessed with the VAS scale within four weeks after surgery (all P > 0.05). Carriers of at least one polymorphic OPRM1 rs1799971 allele had a higher risk of constipation in the first four weeks after surgery compared to non-carriers (OR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.6-12.64, P = 0.004). Carriers of at least one polymorphic OPRM1 rs677830 allele had a higher risk of constipation after third week of tramadol treatment (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.08-8.89, P = 0.035). Furthermore, carriers of two polymorphic MIR23B rs1011784 alleles had a higher risk of nausea after 28 days of tramadol treatment (OR = 7.35, 95% CI = 1.27-42.6, P = 0.026), while heterozygotes for MIR107 rs2296616 allele had a lower risk of nausea after 21 days of tramadol treatment (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.05-0.87, P = 0.031). In carriers of two polymorphic MIR107 rs2296616 alleles, chronic pain was significantly more common than in carriers of two wild-type alleles (P = 0.004). Carriers of at least one polymorphic MIR23B rs1011784 allele experienced more neuropathic pain after adjustment for tramadol dose (OR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.07-7.59, P = 0.036), while carriers of at least one polymorphic OPRM1 rs677830 allele experienced less neuropathic pain compared to carriers of two wild-type alleles (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.15-0.99, P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Genetic variability of OPRM1 and genes coding for miRNAs that could affect OPRM1 expression may be associated with adverse effects of tramadol/paracetamol treatment as well as with chronic and neuropathic pain after breast cancer surgery with axillary lymphadenectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Vidic
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Goricar
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Vita Dolzan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Sao P, Chand Y, Al-Keridis LA, Saeed M, Alshammari N, Singh S. Classifying Integrated Signature Molecules in Macrophages of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, and Periodontal Disease: An Omics-Based Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3496-3517. [PMID: 36005137 PMCID: PMC9406916 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44080241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and periodontal disease (PD) are chronic inflammatory diseases that are globally prevalent, and pose a public health concern. The search for a potential mechanism linking PD to RA and OA continues, as it could play a significant role in disease prevention and treatment. Recent studies have linked RA, OA, and PD to Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG), a periodontal bacterium, through a similar dysregulation in an inflammatory mechanism. This study aimed to identify potential gene signatures that could assist in early diagnosis as well as gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of these diseases. The expression data sets with the series IDs GSE97779, GSE123492, and GSE24897 for macrophages of RA, OA synovium, and PG stimulated macrophages (PG-SM), respectively, were retrieved and screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The 72 common DEGs among RA, OA, and PG-SM were further subjected to gene–gene correlation analysis. A GeneMANIA interaction network of the 47 highly correlated DEGs comprises 53 nodes and 271 edges. Network centrality analysis identified 15 hub genes, 6 of which are DEGs (API5, ATE1, CCNG1, EHD1, RIN2, and STK39). Additionally, two significantly up-regulated non-hub genes (IER3 and RGS16) showed interactions with hub genes. Functional enrichment analysis of the genes showed that “apoptotic regulation” and “inflammasomes” were among the major pathways. These eight genes can serve as important signatures/targets, and provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of PG-induced RA, OA, and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Sao
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki 225003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yamini Chand
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki 225003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.A.A.-K.); (S.S.)
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki 225003, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology, and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science & Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, Gujarat, India
- Correspondence: (L.A.A.-K.); (S.S.)
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Jiang M, Wang Y, Wang J, Feng S, Wang X. The etiological roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in neuropathic pain: A narrative review. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24592. [PMID: 35808924 PMCID: PMC9396192 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in neuropathic pain development. Herein, we systematically searched for neuropathic pain‐related ncRNAs expression changes, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular non‐coding RNAs (circRNAs). Methods We searched two databases, PubMed and GeenMedical, for relevant studies. Results Peripheral nerve injury or noxious stimuli can induce extensive changes in the expression of ncRNAs. For example, higher serum miR‐132‐3p, ‐146b‐5p, and ‐384 was observed in neuropathic pain patients. Either sciatic nerve ligation, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) transaction, or ventral root transection (VRT) could upregulate miR‐21 and miR‐31 while downregulating miR‐668 and miR‐672 in the injured DRG. lncRNAs, such as early growth response 2‐antisense‐RNA (Egr2‐AS‐RNA) and Kcna2‐AS‐RNA, were upregulated in Schwann cells and inflicted DRG after nerve injury, respectively. Dysregulated circRNA homeodomain‐interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) in serum and the DRG, abnormally expressed lncRNAs X‐inactive specific transcript (XIST), nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1), as well as ciRS‐7, zinc finger protein 609 (cirZNF609), circ_0005075, and circAnks1a in the spinal cord were suggested to participate in neuropathic pain development. Dysregulated miRNAs contribute to neuropathic pain via neuroinflammation, autophagy, abnormal ion channel expression, regulating pain‐related mediators, protein kinases, structural proteins, neurotransmission excitatory–inhibitory imbalances, or exosome miRNA‐mediated neuron–glia communication. In addition, lncRNAs and circRNAs are essential in neuropathic pain by acting as antisense RNA and miRNA sponges, epigenetically regulating pain‐related molecules expression, or modulating miRNA processing. Conclusions Numerous dysregulated ncRNAs have been suggested to participate in neuropathic pain development. However, there is much work to be done before ncRNA‐based analgesics can be clinically used for various reasons such as conservation among species, proper delivery, stability, and off‐target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yelong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Gaochun People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanwu Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Gada Y, Pandey A, Jadhav N, Ajgaonkar S, Mehta D, Nair S. New Vistas in microRNA Regulatory Interactome in Neuropathic Pain. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:778014. [PMID: 35280258 PMCID: PMC8914318 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain condition seen in patients with diabetic neuropathy, cancer chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, idiopathic neuropathy as well as other diseases affecting the nervous system. Only a small percentage of people with neuropathic pain benefit from current medications. The complexity of the disease, poor identification/lack of diagnostic and prognostic markers limit current strategies for the management of neuropathic pain. Multiple genes and pathways involved in human diseases can be regulated by microRNA (miRNA) which are small non-coding RNA. Several miRNAs are found to be dysregulated in neuropathic pain. These miRNAs regulate expression of various genes associated with neuroinflammation and pain, thus, regulating neuropathic pain. Some of these key players include adenylate cyclase (Ac9), toll-like receptor 8 (Tlr8), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and RAS p21 protein activator 1 (Rasa1). With advancements in high-throughput technology and better computational power available for research in present-day pharmacology, biomarker discovery has entered a very exciting phase. We dissect the architecture of miRNA biological networks encompassing both human and rodent microRNAs involved in the development of neuropathic pain. We delineate various microRNAs, and their targets, that may likely serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention in neuropathic pain. miRNAs mediate their effects in neuropathic pain by signal transduction through IRAK/TRAF6, TLR4/NF-κB, TXIP/NLRP3 inflammasome, MAP Kinase, TGFβ and TLR5 signaling pathways. Taken together, the elucidation of the landscape of signature miRNA regulatory networks in neuropathic pain will facilitate the discovery of novel miRNA/target biomarkers for more effective management of neuropathic pain.
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Hu C, He M, Xu Q, Tian W. Advances With Non-coding RNAs in Neuropathic Pain. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:760936. [PMID: 35002601 PMCID: PMC8733285 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.760936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is one of the most common types of clinical pain. The common causes of this syndrome include injury to the central or peripheral nervous systems and pathological changes. NP is characterized by spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, abnormal pain, and paresthesia. Because of its diverse etiology, the pathogenesis of NP has not been fully elucidated and has become one of the most challenging problems in clinical medicine. This kind of pain is extremely resistant to conventional treatment and is accompanied by serious complications. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), contribute to diverse biological processes by regulating the expression of various mRNAs involved in pain-related pathways, at the posttranscriptional level. Abnormal regulation of ncRNAs is closely related to the occurrence and development of NP. In this review, we summarize the current state of understanding of the roles of different ncRNAs in the development of NP. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Menglin He
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiqian Tian
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Gu X, Guo H, Zeng C, Liu Y. Identification and validation of MicroRNA-mRNA Networks in Dorsal Root Ganglia after Peripheral Nerve Injury. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1275-1289. [PMID: 35928719 PMCID: PMC9346390 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.73113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in DRG after nerve injury involve neuronal damage, apoptosis, pain transmission, and activation of regenerative programs. It is unclear which genes and microRNAs may play a major role in this process. Therefore, this study performed a meta-analysis of previously published gene expression data to reveal the potential microRNA-mRNA network in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after peripheral nerve injury. We searched 5 mRNA and 3 microRNA expression data sets, obtained 447 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 5 differentially expressed miRNAs, determined the biological pathways enriched by these DEGs, and further predicted new microRNA-mRNA interactions, such as miR-21/Hmg20a, miR-221/Ube2ql1, miR-30c-1/Rhoq, miR-500/Sema3c, and miR-551b/Cdc42se2. We verified these hub mRNA and miRNA in rats by qRT-PCR and found the results were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis. And we predicted transcription factors associated with these genes (gTFs) and TFs associated with these microRNAs (mTFs) and constructed the mTF-miRNA-gene-gTF regulatory network to further explore the molecular mechanism in DRG. Finally, we compared the DRG transcriptome after PNI to that of chronic constriction injury (CCI), and found that PNI caused greater damage to DRG compared to CCI. At the same time, the related mechanisms of pain caused by the two pathophysiological process may be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China, 100044
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Orthopaedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Canjun Zeng
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Orthopaedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Orthopaedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Nie H, Jiang Z. Bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles deliver microRNA-23b to alleviate spinal cord injury by targeting toll-like receptor TLR4 and inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8157-8172. [PMID: 34663169 PMCID: PMC8806461 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1977562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) are known for recovery of injured tissues. We investigated the possible mechanism of BMSC-EVs in spinal cord injury (SCI). EVs were isolated from BMSCs and injected into SCI rats to evaluate the recovery of hindlimb motor function. The spinal cord tissue was stained after modeling to analyze spinal cord structure and inflammatory cell infiltration and detect microRNA (miR)-23b expression. The activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 inflammatory cells was detected. The protein contents of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in spinal cord and BV2 cells were measured. Western blot analysis was used to detect the level of toll-like receptor (TLR)4, p65, p-p65, iNOS, and Arg1 in spinal cord tissue and cells. TLR4 was overexpressed in rats and cells to evaluate the content of inflammatory cytokines. After EV treatment, the motor function of SCI rats was improved, SCI was relieved, and miR-23b expression was increased. After treatment with EV-miR-23b, iNOS, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α contents were decreased, while Arg1 and IL-10 were increased. The levels of TLR4 and p-p65 in spinal cord and BV2 cells were decreased. The rescue experiments verified that after overexpression of TLR4, the activity of BV2 cells was decreased, the contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and p-p65 were increased, IL-10 was decreased, and SCI was aggravated. To conclude, The miR-23b delivered by BMSC-EVs targets TLR4 and inhibits the activation of NF-κB pathway, relieves the inflammatory response, so as to improve SCI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Nie
- Department of Pain Management, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, China
| | - Zhensong Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Shandong, China
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11
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Ciesielska S, Slezak-Prochazka I, Bil P, Rzeszowska-Wolny J. Micro RNAs in Regulation of Cellular Redox Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6022. [PMID: 34199590 PMCID: PMC8199685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In living cells Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) participate in intra- and inter-cellular signaling and all cells contain specific systems that guard redox homeostasis. These systems contain both enzymes which may produce ROS such as NADPH-dependent and other oxidases or nitric oxide synthases, and ROS-neutralizing enzymes such as catalase, peroxiredoxins, thioredoxins, thioredoxin reductases, glutathione reductases, and many others. Most of the genes coding for these enzymes contain sequences targeted by micro RNAs (miRNAs), which are components of RNA-induced silencing complexes and play important roles in inhibiting translation of their targeted messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In this review we describe miRNAs that directly target and can influence enzymes responsible for scavenging of ROS and their possible role in cellular redox homeostasis. Regulation of antioxidant enzymes aims to adjust cells to survive in unstable oxidative environments; however, sometimes seemingly paradoxical phenomena appear where oxidative stress induces an increase in the levels of miRNAs which target genes which are supposed to neutralize ROS and therefore would be expected to decrease antioxidant levels. Here we show examples of such cellular behaviors and discuss the possible roles of miRNAs in redox regulatory circuits and further cell responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ciesielska
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | | | - Patryk Bil
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Joanna Rzeszowska-Wolny
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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12
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Wack G, Metzner K, Kuth MS, Wang E, Bresnick A, Brandes RP, Schröder K, Wittig I, Schmidtko A, Kallenborn-Gerhardt W. Nox4-dependent upregulation of S100A4 after peripheral nerve injury modulates neuropathic pain processing. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 168:155-167. [PMID: 33789124 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) affect the processing of neuropathic pain. However, mechanisms underlying Nox4-dependent pain signaling are incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to identify novel Nox4 downstream interactors in the nociceptive system. Mice lacking Nox4 specifically in sensory neurons were generated by crossing Advillin-Cre mice with Nox4fl/fl mice. Tissue-specific deletion of Nox4 in sensory neurons considerably reduced mechanical hypersensitivity and neuronal action potential firing after peripheral nerve injury. Using a proteomic approach, we detected various proteins that are regulated in a Nox4-dependent manner after injury, including the small calcium-binding protein S100A4. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot experiments confirmed that S100A4 expression is massively up-regulated in peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia after injury. Furthermore, mice lacking S100A4 showed increased mechanical hypersensitivity after peripheral nerve injury and after delivery of a ROS donor. Our findings suggest that S100A4 expression is up-regulated after peripheral nerve injury in a Nox4-dependent manner and that deletion of S100A4 leads to an increased neuropathic pain hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Wack
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina Metzner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miriam S Kuth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elena Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anne Bresnick
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Functional Proteomics, ZBC, Medical School, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Macromolecular Complexes", Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXA) is widely used to treat advanced colorectal cancer, but it can induce severe peripheral neuropathy. Accumulating evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely linked to neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve lesion and spinal cord injury. However, the study on the role of miRNAs in OXA-induced neuropathic pain is rare and needs to be further investigated. The study is aiming to investigate the effects of miR-141-5p on OXA-induced neuropathic pain and its underlying mechanisms. The neuropathic pain rat model was built through intraperitoneal injection of OXA. Mechanical withdrawal threshold and tail withdrawal latency were measured. The expressions of miR-141-5p and TRPA1 in dorsal root ganglion were detected by qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that OXA down-regulated the expression of miR-141-5p. By contrast, OXA significantly up-regulated the expression of TRPA1 mRNA and protein. Besides, intrathecal injection of miR-141-5p mimic attenuated OXA-induced neuropathic pain and reduced the expression of TRPA1, a predicted target of miR-141-5p. Collectively, the results suggest that TRPA1 may mediate miR-141-5p-alleviated neuropathic pain induced by OXA. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic target for OXA-induced neuropathic pain.
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14
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Chalcone suppresses tumor growth through NOX4-IRE1α sulfonation-RIDD-miR-23b axis. Redox Biol 2021; 40:101853. [PMID: 33445069 PMCID: PMC7806525 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcone is a polyphenolic compound found abundantly in natural plant components. They have been acclaimed as potential antitumor compounds in multiple tumor cells. However, not much attention has been paid to elucidate its antitumor mechanism of action. Here, chalcone was demonstrated to trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis through sulfonation of IRE1α by ER-localized NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). IRE1α-sulfonation at a cysteine residue was shown to induce "regulated IRE1α-dependent decay" (RIDD) of mRNA rather than specific splicing of XBP1. The IRE1α sulfonation-induced RIDD degraded miR-23b, enhancing the expression of NOX4. The expression of NOX4 was also upregulated in breast, and prostate cancer tissue. In chalcone-administered mice in vivo, tumor growth was regressed by the consistent mechanisms "NOX4-IRE1α sulfonation-RIDD". Similarly, NOX4 activation and IRE1α sulfonation were also highly increased under severe ER stress conditions. Together, these findings suggest chalcone as a lead anticancer compound where it acts through NOX4-IRE1α-RIDD-miR-23b axis providing a promising vision of chalcone derivatives' anticancer mechanism.
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15
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Teixeira-Santos L, Albino-Teixeira A, Pinho D. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and their interplay in neuropathic pain: Focus on specialized pro-resolving mediators and NADPH oxidase inhibitors as potential therapeutic strategies. Pharmacol Res 2020; 162:105280. [PMID: 33161139 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition that results from a lesion or disease of the nervous system, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. Current pharmacotherapy options deliver inadequate and/or insufficient responses and thus a significant unmet clinical need remains for alternative treatments in NP. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and their reciprocal relationship are critically involved in NP pathophysiology. In this context, new pharmacological approaches, aiming at enhancing the resolution phase of inflammation and/or restoring redox balance by targeting specific reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources, are emerging as potential therapeutic strategies for NP, with improved efficacy and safety profiles. Several reports have demonstrated that administration of exogenous specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) ameliorates NP pathophysiology. Likewise, deletion or inhibition of the ROS-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase (NOX), particularly its isoforms 2 and 4, results in beneficial effects in NP models. Notably, SPMs also modulate oxidative stress and NOX also regulates neuroinflammation. By targeting neuroinflammatory and oxidative pathways, both SPMs analogues and isoform-specific NOX inhibitors are promising therapeutic strategies for NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Teixeira-Santos
- Departamento de Biomedicina - Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; MedInUP - Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - António Albino-Teixeira
- Departamento de Biomedicina - Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; MedInUP - Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Dora Pinho
- Departamento de Biomedicina - Unidade de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; MedInUP - Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
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16
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Long H, Zheng H, Ai L, Osman K, Liu Z. Down-Regulation of NOX4 Expression in Dorsal Horn of Spinal Cord Could Alleviate Cancer-Induced Bone Pain in Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress Response. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10929-10938. [PMID: 33154672 PMCID: PMC7608490 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s263177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is very common in patients with advanced cancer. Recent studies have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can sense and regulate pain response process through spinal cord mechanism, and play a role in CIBP. NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a group of protease complexes that produce ROS. In the current study, we investigated the expression of NOX4 in the spinal dorsal horn of rats with CIBP and its related role and molecular mechanism. Materials and Methods A rat CIBP model was established by injecting Walker-256 cells into the tibia medullary cavity, and the expression of NOX4 in spinal dorsal horn was down-regulated by injecting lentivirus into spinal cord. RT-PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of NOX4 in CIBP rats, cell localization and its effect on CIBP rats, and the effect of down-regulating the expression of NOX4 on the expression of H2O2, nitric oxide synthase nNO, antioxidant enzyme SOD, and the activity of neuro-receptor in spinal dorsal horn of rats. Results In rats with CIBP, the expression of NOX4 was significantly increased, and immunofluorescence showed that NOX4 was mainly expressed in microglia in the dorsal horn of spinal cord. Down-regulating the expression of NOX4 in rats can reduce the level of H2O2 and nNO in dorsal horn tissue, and increase the expression of SOD to reduce the oxidative stress response. At the same time, down-regulating NOX4 can reduce the sensitivity of spinal cord and relieve the pain of bone cancer by inhibiting the expression of NMDAR and GABAA-γ2 in dorsal horn tissue. Conclusion NOX4 is a promising therapeutic target in CIBP, and down-regulation of NOX4 expression can alleviate CIBP in rats by reducing oxidative stress and weakening spinal cord sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Long
- Department of Pain Management, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Orthopedics Department, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Ai
- Department of Pain Management, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kamil Osman
- Department of Pain Management, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Pain Management, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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17
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Reyes-Long S, Cortes-Altamirano JL, Clavijio-Cornejo D, Gutiérrez M, Bertolazzi C, Bandala C, Pineda C, Alfaro-Rodríguez A. Nociceptive related microRNAs and their role in rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7265-7272. [PMID: 32740794 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology and a global incidence around 1%, a positive family history increases the risk of RA roughly three to five times. Pain is one of the first symptoms to appear in this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to the class of small non-coding RNAs; they regulate multiple cellular processes including embryonic development, cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis among others. A great deal of evidence points to the employment of miRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for several pathologies. The main objective of this Review is to assess how miRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of RA. Two advanced searches were conducted in databases, one using "micro-RNA" and "rheumatoid arthritis" as key words, and another one with "micro-RNA", "pain" and "nociception". In this Review, we describe how six miRNAs: miR-16-5p, miR-23b-3b, miR-124-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-223-3p, involved in the modulation and transmission of the nociceptive input are unregulated in RA patients. Key molecular pathways involved in nociception, inflammation and autoimmune responses, are regulated by these miRNAs; the NF-κB, TNF-α, interleukins and TLR4. By means of gene repression, the miRNAs here described modulate the nociceptive process as well as the autoimmune response that characterize this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Reyes-Long
- Department of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Del. Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J L Cortes-Altamirano
- Department of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Del. Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - D Clavijio-Cornejo
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Rheumatic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Gutiérrez
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Rheumatic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Bertolazzi
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Rheumatic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Bandala
- Department of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Del. Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C Pineda
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Rheumatic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Alfaro-Rodríguez
- Department of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Calzada México-Xochimilco 289, Col. Arenal de Guadalupe, Del. Tlalpan, 14389, Mexico City, Mexico.
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18
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MicroRNA-330 Directs Downregulation of the GABA BR2 in the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer Pain. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1541-1551. [PMID: 32621101 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly malignancies with a very poor prognosis. Pancreatic cancer-induced visceral pain is very common and is generally presented among the initial symptoms in patients; such pain is strongly associated with poor quality of life, impaired functional activity, and decreased survival. However, the principal neurobiological mechanisms of pain caused by pancreatic cancer have not been fully elucidated. Accumulating studies have shown that miRNAs play a major role in chronic pain by suppressing key molecules involved in nociception. In the present study, we report that microRNA (miR)-330 is highly expressed in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) of nude mice with pancreatic cancer pain. Mimicking pancreatic carcinoma-induced SDH miR-330 upregulation by microinjection of miR-330 mimic into the SDH significantly induced abdominal mechanical allodynia in normal nude mice. Additionally, we found that the expression of GABABR2 was significantly decreased in the SDH of nude mice with pancreatic cancer pain and was regulated directly by miR-330 both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-330 rescued the expression of GABABR2 and alleviated pancreatic carcinoma-induced abdominal pain hypersensitivity in nude mice with pancreatic carcinoma. These results show that miR-330 participates in the genesis of pancreatic carcinoma-induced pain hypersensitivity by inhibiting GABABR2 expression in the SDH and might be a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer pain.
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19
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Cully TR, Rodney GG. Nox4 - RyR1 - Nox2: Regulators of micro-domain signaling in skeletal muscle. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101557. [PMID: 32506037 PMCID: PMC7283154 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability for skeletal muscle to perform optimally can be affected by the regulation of Ca2+ within the triadic junctional space at rest. Reactive oxygen species impact muscle performance due to changes in oxidative stress, damage and redox regulation of signaling cascades. The interplay between ROS and Ca2+ signaling at the triad of skeletal muscle is therefore important to understand as it can impact the performance of healthy and diseased muscle. Here, we aimed to examine how changes in Ca2+ and redox signaling within the junctional space micro-domain of the mouse skeletal muscle fibre alters the homeostasis of these complexes. The dystrophic mdx mouse model displays increased RyR1 Ca2+ leak and increased NAD(P)H Oxidase 2 ROS. These alterations make the mdx mouse an ideal model for understanding how ROS and Ca2+ handling impact each other. We hypothesised that elevated t-tubular Nox2 ROS increases RyR1 Ca2+ leak contributing to an increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+, which could then initiate protein degradation and impaired cellular functions such as autophagy and ER stress. We found that inhibiting Nox2 ROS did not decrease RyR1 Ca2+ leak observed in dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscle. Intriguingly, another NAD(P)H isoform, Nox4, is upregulated in mice unable to produce Nox2 ROS and when inhibited reduced RyR1 Ca2+ leak. Our findings support a model in which Nox4 ROS induces RyR1 Ca2+ leak and the increased junctional space [Ca2+] exacerbates Nox2 ROS; with the cumulative effect of disruption of downstream cellular processes that would ultimately contribute to reduced muscle or cellular performance. Nox2 ROS does not influence RyR1 Ca2+ leak in skeletal muscle. Lack of Nox2 ROS increases Nox4 expression. Nox4 ROS induces RyR1 Ca2+ leak via S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya R Cully
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George G Rodney
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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20
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Kalpachidou T, Kummer K, Kress M. Non-coding RNAs in neuropathic pain. Neuronal Signal 2020; 4:NS20190099. [PMID: 32587755 PMCID: PMC7306520 DOI: 10.1042/ns20190099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuro-immune alterations in the peripheral and central nervous system play a role in the pathophysiology of chronic pain in general, and members of the non-coding RNA (ncRNA) family, specifically the short, 22 nucleotide microRNAs (miRNAs) and the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as master switches orchestrating both immune as well as neuronal processes. Several chronic disorders reveal unique ncRNA expression signatures, which recently generated big hopes for new perspectives for the development of diagnostic applications. lncRNAs may offer perspectives as candidates indicative of neuropathic pain in liquid biopsies. Numerous studies have provided novel mechanistic insight into the role of miRNAs in the molecular sequelae involved in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain along the entire pain pathway. Specific processes within neurons, immune cells, and glia as the cellular components of the neuropathic pain triad and the communication paths between them are controlled by specific miRNAs. Therefore, nucleotide sequences mimicking or antagonizing miRNA actions can provide novel therapeutic strategies for pain treatment, provided their human homologues serve the same or similar functions. Increasing evidence also sheds light on the function of lncRNAs, which converge so far mainly on purinergic signalling pathways both in neurons and glia, and possibly even other ncRNA species that have not been explored so far.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai K. Kummer
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michaela Kress
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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21
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Wack G, Eaton P, Schmidtko A, Kallenborn-Gerhardt W. Redox regulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase does not affect pain behavior in mice. Neurosci Lett 2020; 721:134798. [PMID: 32006628 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Signaling mediated by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been reported to play an important role in pain processing. Previous studies revealed that sEH activity is inhibited by specific binding of electrophiles to a redox-sensitive thiol (Cys521) adjacent to the catalytic center of the hydrolase. Here, we investigated if this redox-dependent modification of sEH is involved in pain processing using "redox-dead" knockin-mice (sEH-KI), in which the redox-sensitive cysteine is replaced by serine. However, behavioral characterization of sEH-KI mice in various animal models revealed that acute nociceptive, inflammatory, neuropathic, and visceral pain processing is not altered in sEH-KI mice. Thus, our results suggest that redox-dependent modifications of sEH are not critically involved in endogenous pain signaling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Wack
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Phillip Eaton
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Charterhouse Square, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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22
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Yu S, Zhao G, Han F, Liang W, Jiao Y, Li Z, Li L. Muscone relieves inflammatory pain by inhibiting microglial activation-mediated inflammatory response via abrogation of the NOX4/JAK2-STAT3 pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106355. [PMID: 32145511 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that muscone, a pharmacologically active ingredient isolated from musk, has excellent effects on anti-inflammation. However, its effect on microglia activation-induced inflammatory pain is not known yet. In the present study, a mouse BV2 microglia cell activation-mediated inflammatory model was developed with LPS induction, and a mouse inflammatory pain model was established with CFA injection. The inhibitory effect of muscone on microglia inflammatory activation was verified by measuring pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β; IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β). We found that muscone suppressed microglial activation-mediated inflammatory response through the NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)/janus kinase 2-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2-STAT3) pathway and pyrin-domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Notably, muscone mitigated CFA-induced pain hypersensitivity and inflammation, as well as microglia cell activation in vivo. Furthermore, muscone inhibited the CFA-induced NOX4, p-JAK2/p-STAT3, and NLRP3 inflammasome expression in spinal cord of mice. In conclusion, this study uncovered that muscone relieved inflammatory pain by inhibiting microglial activation-mediated inflammatory response via abrogation of the NOX4/JAK2-STAT3 pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. This finding of muscone is promising for treating inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China.
| | - Fanglei Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Wenzhao Liang
- Department of Internal Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Yuan Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Zinan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Longyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
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Li Y, Li H, Han J. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 modulates pain sensitivity by suppressing the ROS-RUNX3 pathway in a rat model of neuropathy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3864-3873. [PMID: 31603252 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain correlates with a lesion or other dysfunction in the nervous system. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) is expressed in the central nervous system and modulates synaptic plasticity. The present study aimed to investigate the role of S1P2 in neuropathic pain caused by chronic constriction injury (CCI). Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into eight groups (n = 15 for each group): sham, CCI, CCI + green fluorescent protein, CCI + S1P2, CCI + Ctrl-short hairpin RNA (shRNA), CCI + S1P2 shRNA, CCI + S1P2 + CYM-5442, and CCI + S1P2 shRNA + CYM-5442. The CCI model was established via sciatic nerve ligation. S1P2 was overexpressed or knocked down by intrathecal injection of adeno-associated virus-S1P2 (AAV-S1P2) or AAV-S1P2 shRNA. The S1P1 agonist, CYM-5442 (1 mg/kg), was injected intraperitoneally after surgery. S1P2 expression, pain thresholds, apoptosis signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress in rats were then examined. We found that sciatic nerve injury downregulated S1P2 expression in the spinal cords of rats. S1P2 overexpression enhanced pain thresholds. In contrast, S1P2 knockdown decreased pain thresholds in rats exposed to CCI. CCI and S1P2 silencing increased secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and CCL2, whereas S1P2 overexpression decreased. S1P2 impeded CCI-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and runt-related transcription factors 3 (RUNX3) downregulation, and S1P2 knockdown had the opposite effect. S1P2 overexpression suppressed Bax and active caspase 3 expression and promoted Bcl-2 expression, whereas loss of S1P2 reversed their expression. Additionally, S1P1 activation counteracted the effect of S1P2 on pain sensitivity. In conclusion, S1P2 is downregulated in CCI rats and may help modulate neuropathic pain via the ROS/RUNX3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyu Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
| | - Huanli Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
| | - Jinsong Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
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24
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Basu P, Hornung RS, Averitt DL, Maier C. Euphorbia bicolor ( Euphorbiaceae) Latex Extract Reduces Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Orofacial Pain. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8594375. [PMID: 31612077 PMCID: PMC6757321 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8594375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that the transient receptor potential V1 ion channel (TRPV1), a pain generator on sensory neurons, is activated and potentiated by NADPH oxidase-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are increased by advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), which activate NADPH oxidase by upregulating Nox4 expression. Our previous studies reported that Euphorbia bicolor (Euphorbiaceae) latex extract induced peripheral analgesia, partly via TRPV1, in hindpaw-inflamed male and female rats. The present study reports that E. bicolor latex extract also can evoke analgesia via reduction of oxidative stress biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines in a rat model of orofacial pain. Male and female rats were injected with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the left vibrissal pad to induce orofacial inflammation, and mechanical allodynia was measured by the von Frey method. Twenty-four hours later, rats received one injection of E. bicolor latex extract or vehicle into the inflamed vibrissal pad. Mechanical sensitivity was reassessed at 1, 6, 24, and/or 72 hours. Trigeminal ganglia and trunk blood were collected at each time point. In the trigeminal ganglia, ROS were quantified using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate dye, Nox4 protein was quantified by Western blots, and cytokines/chemokines were quantified using a cytokine array. AOPPs were quantified in trunk blood using a spectrophotometric assay. E. bicolor latex extract significantly reduced orofacial mechanical allodynia in male and female rats at 24 and 72 hours, respectively. ROS, Nox4, and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines were significantly reduced in the trigeminal ganglia, and plasma AOPP was significantly reduced in the trunk blood of extract-treated compared to vehicle-treated rats. In vitro assays indicate that E. bicolor latex extract possessed antioxidant activities by scavenging free radicals. Together our data indicate that the phytochemicals in E. bicolor latex may serve as novel therapeutics for treating oxidative stress-induced pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Basu
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, 76204 TX, USA
| | | | - Dayna L. Averitt
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, 76204 TX, USA
| | - Camelia Maier
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, 76204 TX, USA
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25
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Al‐Rawaf HA, Alghadir AH, Gabr SA. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Pain Intensity in Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Pain Pract 2019; 19:848-860. [DOI: 10.1111/papr.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel A. Al‐Rawaf
- Rehabilitation Research Chair College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh K.S.A
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh K.S.A
| | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh K.S.A
| | - Sami A. Gabr
- Rehabilitation Research Chair College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh K.S.A
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26
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Akhmetzyanova E, Kletenkov K, Mukhamedshina Y, Rizvanov A. Different Approaches to Modulation of Microglia Phenotypes After Spinal Cord Injury. Front Syst Neurosci 2019; 13:37. [PMID: 31507384 PMCID: PMC6718713 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells, which are highly plastic, immediately respond to any change in the microenvironment by becoming activated and shifting the phenotype toward neurotoxicity or neuroprotection. The polarization of microglia/macrophages after spinal cord injury (SCI) seems to be a dynamic process and can change depending on the microenvironment, stage, course, and severity of the posttraumatic process. Effective methods to modulate microglia toward a neuroprotective phenotype in order to stimulate neuroregeneration are actively sought for. In this context, available approaches that can selectively impact the polarization of microglia/macrophages regulate synthesis of trophic factors and cytokines/chemokines in them, and their phagocytic function and effects on the course and outcome of SCI are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Akhmetzyanova
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Konstantin Kletenkov
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Yana Mukhamedshina
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technologies, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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27
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Sabirzhanov B, Li Y, Coll-Miro M, Matyas JJ, He J, Kumar A, Ward N, Yu J, Faden AI, Wu J. Inhibition of NOX2 signaling limits pain-related behavior and improves motor function in male mice after spinal cord injury: Participation of IL-10/miR-155 pathways. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:73-87. [PMID: 30807841 PMCID: PMC6660361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase (NOX2) is an enzyme that induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and serves as a switch between the pro-inflammatory and neurorestorative microglial/macrophage phenotypes; such changes play an important role in neuropathic pain and motor dysfunction. Increased NOX2 expression after spinal cord injury (SCI) has been reported, and inhibition of NOX2 improves motor function. However, the underlying mechanisms of NOX2 in post-traumatic pain and motor deficit remain unexplored. In the present study, we report that depletion of NOX2 (NOX2-/-) or inhibition of NOX2 using NOX2ds-tat significantly reduced mechanical/thermal cutaneous hypersensitivity and motor dysfunction after moderate contusion SCI at T10 in male mice. Western blot (WB, 3 mm lesion area) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that SCI elevates NOX2 expression predominantly in microglia/macrophages up to 8 weeks post-injury. Deletion of NOX2 significantly reduced CD11b+/CD45hiF4/80+ macrophage infiltration at 24 h post-injury detected by flow cytometry and 8-OHG+ ROS production at 8 weeks post-injury by IHC in both lesion area and lumbar enlargement. NOX2 deficiency also altered microglial/macrophage pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory balance towards the neurorestorative response. WB analysis showed robust increase of Arginase-1 and YM1 proteins in NOX2-/- mice. Furthermore, qPCR analysis showed significant up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels in NOX2-/- mice, associated with reduced microRNA-155 expression. These findings were confirmed in CD11b+ microglia/macrophages isolated from spinal cord at 3 days post-injury. Taken together, our data suggest an important role for IL-10/miR-155 pathway in regulating NOX2-mediated SCI-dysfunction. Thus, specific targeting of NOX2 may provide an effective strategy for treating neurological dysfunction in SCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Sabirzhanov
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Marino Coll-Miro
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Jessica J. Matyas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Junyun He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Alok Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Nicole Ward
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Jingwen Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Alan I. Faden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA,University of Maryland Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Junfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA; University of Maryland Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
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28
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Zhong L, Xiao W, Wang F, Liu J, Zhi L. miR‐21‐5p inhibits neuropathic pain development via directly targeting C‐C motif ligand 1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐3. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16614-16623. [PMID: 31161659 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan China
| | - Weimin Xiao
- The Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Medicine Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Juan Liu
- Xuzhou Medical University Huai'an China
| | - Li‐Jun Zhi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huai'an Second People' Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University Huai'an Jiangsu China
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29
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Miao F, Wang R, Cui G, Li X, Wang T, Li X. Engagement of MicroRNA-155 in Exaggerated Oxidative Stress Signal and TRPA1 in the Dorsal Horn of the Spinal Cord and Neuropathic Pain During Chemotherapeutic Oxaliplatin. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:712-723. [PMID: 31016687 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXL) is a third-generation chemotherapeutic agent commonly used to treat metastatic digestive tumors, but one of the main limiting complications of OXL is painful peripheral neuropathy. The present study was to examine the inhibitory effects of blocking microRNA-155 (miR-155) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord on neuropathic pain induced by OXL in rats and the underlying mechanisms. Behavioral test was performed to examine mechanical pain and cold sensitivity in rats. Real-time RT-PCR and ELISA were employed to determine miR-155 and products of oxidative stress 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso PGF2α) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the dorsal horn. Western blot analysis was used to examine expression of Nrf2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE), NADPH oxidases (NOXs), and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). In results, intrathecal administration of miR-155 inhibitor attenuated mechanical allodynia and cold hyperalgesia in rats with OXL therapy and this was accompanied with restoring of impaired Nrf2-ARE in the dorsal horn. A blockade of miR-155 also attenuated expression of NOX subtype 4 (NOX4) and thereby decreased the levels of 8-iso PGF2α/8-OHdG in the dorsal horn of OXL rats. In addition, inhibiting NOX4 decreased products of oxidative stress in the dorsal horn and attenuated upregulation of TRPA1 induced by OXL. In conclusion, data show the critical role of miR-155 in regulating OXL-induced neuropathic pain likely via oxidative stress-TRPA1 signal pathway, indicating that inhibition of miR-155 has potential benefits in preventing neuropathic pain development during intervention of OXL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Miao
- Tumor Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Guozhen Cui
- Tumor Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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30
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Wu B, Guo Y, Chen Q, Xiong Q, Min S. MicroRNA-193a Downregulates HMGB1 to Alleviate Diabetic Neuropathic Pain in a Mouse Model. Neuroimmunomodulation 2019; 26:250-257. [PMID: 31665716 DOI: 10.1159/000503325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic neuropathy is a serious complication for diabetic patients involving the nervous system. This disease is a quiet but painful condition caused by chronically high blood glucose levels. It is reported that high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) participates in the development of neuropathic pain. This study aimed to explore the role of microRNA (miR)-193a in diabetic neuropathic pain through the regulation of HMGB1. METHODS A diabetic mouse model was established through the injection of streptozocin (STZ). Neuropathic pain development was shown by paw withdrawal thresholds and paw withdrawal latency. Expression levels of relative genes or miR were analyzed by qRT-PCR, while Western blot was employed to assess the protein levels. The interaction between miR-193a and HMGB1 mRNA 3'-UTR region was shown by luciferase assay. The levels of inflammation cytokines were measured by ELISA kits. RESULTS miR-193a expression was decreased and HMGB1 expression was upregulated in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn of STZ-induced diabetic mice. miR-193a inhibited HMGB1 expression in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn. Overexpression of miR-193a alleviated neuropathic pain in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Peripheral neuroinflammation in diabetic mice was suppressed by miR-193a overexpression. CONCLUSION This research illustrates that miR-193a alleviates diabetic neuropathic pain in a mouse model through the inhibition of HMGB1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qibin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuju Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Su Min
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,
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31
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Zhou X, Chen J, Zhang H, Chen X, Shao G. MicroRNA-23b attenuates the H 2O 2-induced injury of microglial cells via TAB3/NF-κB signaling pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:5765-5773. [PMID: 31949662 PMCID: PMC6963055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis of microglia is one of the most important pathophysiologic changes after spinal cord injury (SCI). Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play a crucial role in the regulation of neuronal apoptosis. However, the exact role and underlying mechanisms of miRNAs in the regulation of microglial apoptosis remain unclear. We first performed miRNA microarray to analyze the miRNA expression patterns in a rat SCI model. The expression of microRNA-23b (miR-23b) in spinal cord after contusion SCI was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). BV-2 cells were exposed to H2O2 conditions to establish an in vitro model of SCI. Then, the effects of miR-23b on the apoptosis were investigated through both gain- and loss-of-function studies in this cellular model of SCI. Also, the expression of the main proteins in NF-κB signaling was assessed by Western Blot. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the target of miR-23b in BV-2 cells, which was validated with a dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. The expression of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 binding protein 3 (TAB3) in cells was overexpressed by transfection with pcDNA-TAB3, and the effects of TAB3 overexpression on miR-23b-mediated apoptosis were detected. Here, we demonstrated that miR-23b was significantly down-regulated in SCI rat model. We also found that the expression level of phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) protein was increased in the SCI rat model. Subsequently, treatment of BV-2 cells with H2O2 decreased the levels of miR-23b and activated NF-κB pathway in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-23b inhibited the BV-2 apoptosis and NF-κB activation, while miR-23b inhibition enhanced the apoptosis and NF-κB activation induced by H2O2. Moreover, our data showed TAB3, an upstream positive regulator of the NF-κB pathway, was proven to be a target of miR-23b in BV-2 cells. Most importantly, we demonstrated that overexpression of miR-23b attenuated the apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of TAB3. These findings suggested that miR-23b protected BV-2 cells from apoptosis by modulating the NF-κB pathway and could serve as a new strategy for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Gaohai Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 402160, China
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Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) injuries, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI), are important causes of death and long-term disability worldwide. MicroRNA (miRNA), small non-coding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression, can serve as diagnostic biomarkers and are emerging as novel therapeutic targets for CNS injuries. MiRNA-based therapeutics include miRNA mimics and inhibitors (antagomiRs) to respectively decrease and increase the expression of target genes. In this review, we summarize current miRNA-based therapeutic applications in stroke, TBI and SCI. Administration methods, time windows and dosage for effective delivery of miRNA-based drugs into CNS are discussed. The underlying mechanisms of miRNA-based therapeutics are reviewed including oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, blood-brain barrier protection, angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Pharmacological agents that protect against CNS injuries by targeting specific miRNAs are presented along with the challenges and therapeutic potential of miRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Da Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurology and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Glen C Jickling
- Department of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Frank R Sharp
- Department of Neurology and the M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ke-Jie Yin
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Ke-Jie Yin, Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, BST S514, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Da Zhi Liu, Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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33
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Dai Z, Chu H, Ma J, Yan Y, Zhang X, Liang Y. The Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs: From Chronic Pain to Morphine Tolerance. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:80. [PMID: 29615865 PMCID: PMC5864932 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain, including cancer-related pain, is a pain condition often caused by inflammation or dysfunctional nerves. Chronic pain treatment poses a significant health care challenge, where opioids especially morphine are widely used and patients often develop tolerance over time with aggravated pain. microRNA (miRNA) is known to play important roles in regulating gene expressions in the nervous system to affect neuronal network plasticity related to algogenesis and the developing of morphine tolerance. In this article, we reviewed studies conducted in rodent animal models investigating the mechanisms of miRNAs regulation in chronic pain with different phenotypes and morphine tolerance. In addition, the potential of targeting miRNAs for chronic pain and morphine tolerance treatment is also reviewed. Finally, we point out the directions of the future research in chronic pain and morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haichen Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongxin Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Sandoval R, Lazcano P, Ferrari F, Pinto-Pardo N, González-Billault C, Utreras E. TNF-α Increases Production of Reactive Oxygen Species through Cdk5 Activation in Nociceptive Neurons. Front Physiol 2018; 9:65. [PMID: 29467671 PMCID: PMC5808211 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NOX1 and NOX2/NADPH oxidase has been documented during inflammatory pain. However, the molecular mechanism involved in their activation is not fully understood. We reported earlier a key role of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) during inflammatory pain. In particular, we demonstrated that TNF-α increased p35 expression, a Cdk5 activator, causing Cdk5-mediated TRPV1 phosphorylation followed by an increment in Ca2+ influx in nociceptive neurons and increased pain sensation. Here we evaluated if Cdk5 activation mediated by p35 transfection in HEK293 cells or by TNF-α treatment in primary culture of nociceptive neurons could increase ROS production. By immunofluorescence we detected the expression of catalytic subunit (Nox1 and Nox2) and their cytosolic regulators (NOXO1 and p47phox) of NOX1 and NOX2/NADPH oxidase complexes, and their co-localization with Cdk5/p35 in HEK293 cells and in nociceptive neurons. By using a hydrogen peroxide sensor, we detected a significant increase of ROS production in p35 transfected HEK293 cells as compared with control cells. This effect was significantly blocked by VAS2870 (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) or by roscovitine (Cdk5 activity inhibitor). Also by using another ROS probe named DCFH-DA, we found a significant increase of ROS production in nociceptive neurons treated with TNF-α and this effect was also blocked by VAS2870 or by roscovitine treatment. Interestingly, TNF-α increased immunodetection of p35 protein and NOX1 and NOX2/NADPH oxidase complexes in primary culture of trigeminal ganglia neurons. Finally, the cytosolic regulator NOXO1 was significantly translocated to plasma membrane after TNF-α treatment and roscovitine blocked this effect. Altogether these results suggest that Cdk5 activation is implicated in the ROS production by NOX1 and NOX2/NADPH oxidase complexes during inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Sandoval
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Pain, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Lazcano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Pain, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Ferrari
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Pain, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Pinto-Pardo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Pain, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Doctorate in Biomedicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian González-Billault
- Laboratory of Cellular and Neuronal Dynamics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile.,The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | - Elías Utreras
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Pain, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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35
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Analgesic Effect of Methane Rich Saline in a Rat Model of Chronic Inflammatory Pain. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:869-877. [PMID: 29411262 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2490-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
How oxidative stress contributes to neuro-inflammation and chronic pain is documented, and methane is reported to protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the nervous system via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We studied whether methane in the form of methane rich saline (MS) has analgesic effects in a monoarthritis (MA) rat model of chronic inflammatory pain. Single and repeated injections of MS (i.p.) reduced MA-induced mechanical allodynia and multiple methane treatments blocked activation of glial cells, decreased IL-1β and TNF-α production and MMP-2 activity, and upregulated IL-10 expression in the spinal cord on day 10 post-MA. Furthermore, MS reduced infiltrating T cells and expression of IFN-γ and suppressed MA-induced oxidative stress (MDA and 8-OHDG), and increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. Thus, MS may offer anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects to reduce chronic inflammatory pain.
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Ding R, Sun B, Liu Z, Yao X, Wang H, Shen X, Jiang H, Chen J. Advanced Oxidative Protein Products Cause Pain Hypersensitivity in Rats by Inducing Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Apoptosis via NADPH Oxidase 4/c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Pathways. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:195. [PMID: 28674486 PMCID: PMC5474489 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain hypersensitivity is the most common category of chronic pain and is difficult to cure. Oxidative stress and certain cells apoptosis, such as dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, play an essential role in the induction and development of pain hypersensitivity. The focus of this study is at a more specific molecular level. We investigated the role of advanced oxidative protein products (AOPPs) in inducing hypersensitivity and the cellular mechanism underlying the proapoptotic effect of AOPPs. Normal rats were injected by AOPPs-Rat serum albumin (AOPPs–RSA) to cause pain hypersensitivity. Primary cultured DRG neurons were treated with increasing concentrations of AOPPs–RSA or for increasing time durations. The MTT, flow cytometry and western blot analyses were performed in the DRG neurons. A loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed. We found that AOPPs triggered DRG neurons apoptosis and MMP loss. After AOPPs treatment, intracellular ROS generation increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a specific ROS scavenger could inhibit the ROS generation. Proapoptotic proteins, such as Bax, caspase 9/caspase 3, and PARP-1 were activated, whereas anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated. AOPPs also increased Nox4 and JNK expression. Taken together, these findings suggest that AOPPs cause pain hypersensitivity in rats, and extracellular AOPPs accumulation triggered Nox4-dependent ROS production, which activated JNK, and induced DRG neurons apoptosis by activating caspase 3 and PARP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoting Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Baihui Sun
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xinqiang Yao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jianting Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
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MicroRNA-182-5p Regulates Nerve Injury–induced Nociceptive Hypersensitivity by Targeting Ephrin Type-b Receptor 1. Anesthesiology 2017; 126:967-977. [PMID: 28248712 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000001588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The authors and others have previously shown that the up-regulation of spinal ephrin type-b receptor 1 plays an essential role in the pathologic process of nerve injury–induced nociceptive hypersensitivity, but the regulatory mechanism remains unclear.
Methods
Radiant heat and von Frey filaments were applied to assess nociceptive behaviors. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays, recombinant lentivirus, and small interfering RNA were used to characterize the likely mechanisms.
Results
Periphery nerve injury induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve significantly reduced spinal microRNA-182-5p (miR-182-5p) expression levels, which were inversely correlated with spinal ephrin type-b receptor 1 expression (R2 = 0.90; P < 0.05; n = 8). The overexpression of miR-182-5p in the spinal cord prevented and reversed the nociceptive behaviors induced by sciatic nerve injury, accompanied by a decreased expression of spinal ephrin type-b receptor 1 (recombinant lentiviruses containing pre-microRNA-182: 1.91 ± 0.34 vs. 1.24 ± 0.31, n = 4; miR-182-5p mimic: 2.90 ± 0.48 vs. 1.51 ± 0.25, n = 4). In contrast, the down-regulation of spinal miR-182-5p facilitated the nociceptive behaviors induced by sciatic nerve injury and increased the expression of spinal ephrin type-b receptor 1 (1.0 ± 0.26 vs. 1.74 ± 0.31, n = 4). Moreover, the down-regulation of miR-182-5p and up-regulation of ephrin type-b receptor 1 caused by sciatic nerve injury were mediated by the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor.
Conclusions
Collectively, our findings reveal that the spinal ephrin type-b receptor 1 is regulated by miR-182-5p in nerve injury–induced nociceptive hypersensitivity.
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Tang H, Zheng J, Li T, Li K, Li X, Dou X, Huang C, Liang Y. Effect of combined medicated thread moxibustion plus needle picking therapy of Zhuang nationality medicine on antioxidant levels in
a rat model of sciatica. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2016; 36:784-8. [PMID: 29949712 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(17)30015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of combined medicated thread
moxibustion therapy plus needle picking therapy of Zhuang nationality medicine on antioxidant levels
in a rat model of sciatica. METHODS One hundred Wistar rats, of specific pathogen free level, were randomly divided into
five groups: normal control group, model group, medicated thread moxibustion group, needle picking
group, and combination group. Each group contained 20 rats. In the model, medicated thread moxibustion,
needle picking, and combination groups, sciatica models were established through chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. After the model was established, the rats in the medicated
thread moxibustion, needle picking, and combination groups were given the corresponding therapies
for 21 days. The control and model groups received no treatment. Reactive oxygen species, superoxide
dismutase, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity changes were determined.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunit NADPH oxidases 4
(NOX4) mRNA expression and the morphology of cells were observed to detect apoptosis of gamma-
aminobutyric acid ergic (GABAergic) neurons. RESULTS Compared with control group, reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels rose
significantly in the model group (P < 0.01), while superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity
levels were lowered (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde decreased in the needle picking group (P < 0.05), while superoxide dismutase levels were
increased (P < 0.05); reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde significantly decreased in the
combination group (P < 0.01). In addition, the model group had higher NOX4 mRNA expression than
that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the combination group had lower expression levels than that
of the model group (P < 0.05). Apoptosis of GABAergic neurons was observed in the model group, and
was attenuated after combined therapy. CONCLUSION The medicated thread moxibustion therapy plus needle picking therapy of Zhuang nationality
medicine can prevent oxidative damage in the rat model of sciatica via down-regulating NOX4
expression, improving antioxidant capacity, and inhibiting the oxidative damage pathway of GABAergic neurons.
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Ding R, Jiang H, Sun B, Wu X, Li W, Zhu S, Liao C, Zhong Z, Chen J. Advanced oxidation protein products sensitized the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 via NADPH oxidase 1 and 4 to cause mechanical hyperalgesia. Redox Biol 2016; 10:1-11. [PMID: 27665186 PMCID: PMC5037245 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a possible pathogenesis of hyperalgesia. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), a new family of oxidized protein compounds, have been considered as a novel marker of oxidative stress. However, the role of AOPPs in the mechanism of hyperalgesia remains unknown. Our study aims to investigate whether AOPPs have an effect on hyperalgesia and the possible underlying mechanisms. To identify the AOPPs involved, we induced hyperalgesia in rats by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in hindpaw. The level of plasma AOPPs in CFA-induced rats was 1.6-fold in comparison with what in normal rats (P<0.05). After intravenous injection of AOPPs-modified rat serum albumin (AOPPs-RSA) in Sprague-Dawley rats, the paw mechanical thresholds, measured by the electronic von Frey system, significantly declined. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that AOPPs increased expressions of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4), transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) tissues. In-vitro studies were performed on primary DRG neurons which were obtained from both thoracic and lumbar DRG of rats. Results indicated that AOPPs triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in DRG neurons, which were significantly abolished by ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and small-interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing of Nox1 or Nox4. The expressions of Nox1, Nox4, TRPV1 and CGRP were significantly increased in AOPPs-induced DRG neurons. And relevant siRNA or inhibitors notably suppressed the expressions of these proteins and the calcium influxes in AOPPs-induced DRG neurons. In conclusion, AOPPs increased significantly in CFA-induced hyperalgesia rats and they activated Nox1/Nox4-ROS to sensitize TRPV1-dependent Ca2+ influx and CGRP release which led to inducing mechanical hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoting Ding
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Baihui Sun
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Congrui Liao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Jianting Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Sun Z, Zhang Z, Ji M, Yang H, Cromie M, Gu J, Wang C, Yang L, Yu Y, Gao W, Wang SL. BDE47 induces rat CYP3A1 by targeting the transcriptional regulation of miR-23b. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31958. [PMID: 27546062 PMCID: PMC4992956 DOI: 10.1038/srep31958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) is the most abundant CYP450 enzyme in the liver and is involved in the metabolism of over 50% of xenobiotics. Our previous studies revealed that 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) could induce rat CYP3A1 expression, but the molecular basis remains unclear. Using in silico analysis, we identified a potential miR-23b recognition element (MRE23b) in the 3′-UTR region of CYP3A1 mRNA, which was verified by the luciferase assay. The miR-23b mimic and inhibitor significantly down- and up-regulated the expression of CYP3A1, respectively. Additionally, BDE47 significantly down-regulated the expression of miR-23b in rats and in hepatic H4IIE cells. Induction or blockage of CYP3A1 by a miR-23b inhibitor or mimic could correspondingly alter BDE47-induced expression of CYP3A1 and cytotoxicity in H4IIE cells. Furthermore, LV-anti-miR-23b significantly decreased endogenous levels of miR-23b and increased the expression and activity of CYP3A1 in rat liver. LV-anti-miR-23b also significantly increased the hydroxylated metabolites of BDE47 (3-OH-BDE47, 4-OH-BDE42, and 4′-OH-BDE49) in rat serum. In conclusion, we first found that BDE47 induced rat CYP3A1 expression by targeting the transcriptional regulation of miR-23b. This study helps provide a better understanding of CYP3A regulation and offers novel clues for the role of miRNAs in the metabolism and distribution of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Sun
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Ji
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Hongbao Yang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Meghan Cromie
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, 1207 Gilbert Drive, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Jun Gu
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Yongquan Yu
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Weimin Gao
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, 1207 Gilbert Drive, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P. R. China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
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Abstract
Biomarkers are measurable characteristics reflective of the physiological or diseased state and a crucial feature in rendering personalized medicine more precise. Dysregulated expression of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in bodily fluids is being explored as noninvasive clinical biomarker for a variety of disorders including chronic pain. High-precision qPCR-based signal amplification of these miRNAs enables the detection of small changes making them ideal biomarker candidates. Presence of circulating miRNAs in exosomes, small vesicles that mediate intercellular communication, opens up novel avenues for target intervention and biomarker discovery. miRNA signatures specific to different pain conditions, and their reversal on treatment in patients and animal models can be beneficial in patient stratification, prognosis, and in bridging preclinical and clinical results. Identification of multiple miRNAs as opposed to reliance on one specific molecule as a biomarker could improve treatment efficacies in an extremely heterogeneous pain patient population. Additionally, owing to the stability of miRNAs, retrospective studies could be performed using banked samples from completed clinical trials. Irrespective of the phase and outcome, these studies can provide insights on molecular underpinnings influencing treatment outcome, or specific therapeutic intervention. Identification of miRNAs altered in chronic pain states will have a significant impact on the identification of right leads, targets, doses, and patients. Effective implementation of miRNA-based biomarkers would provide treatment guidance for clinicians, better clinical trial designs for pharmaceutical companies, all leading to individualized care and better treatment outcome for chronic pain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Ramanathan
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seena K Ajit
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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ZHANG JIZHENG, ZHANG HUA, ZI TINGTING. Overexpression of microRNA-141 relieves chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain via targeting high-mobility group box 1. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1433-9. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zhao B, Huang M, Bai Y, Fan C, Fan Y, Jin Y. Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs in mouse spinal cord development. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:224-9. [PMID: 25662391 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding, regulatory small RNAs of ∼22 nt. It was implicated that these small RNAs play critical roles in various important biological processes. During development, some miRNAs are specifically expressed in individual tissues and at particular developmental stages. Many miRNAs show distinct expression patterns in the development of central nervous system, including spinal cord. In this study, we first reported the miRNAs expression in the development of mouse spinal cord. Differentially expressed miRNAs in embryonic (day 13.5) and neonatal mice spinal cords were identified. The predicted target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs were subject to gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis, and several nervous development-related pathways were enriched, implying that these miRNAs may be involved in these pathways that regulate mouse spinal cord development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Menggui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yanyan Bai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Chunsun Fan
- Department of Etiology, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Qidong 226200, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Youxin Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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44
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Abstract
Endogenously expressed small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in posttranscriptionally regulating gene expression by binding to mRNAs with complementary sequences. miRNA-mRNA interactions allow for cellular flexibility to fine-tune gene expression by controlling translation in response to a multitude of signaling events. Disease states or perturbations in cellular homeostasis can lead to aberrant miRNA expression. The discovery of stable miRNAs in circulation generated enormous interest in exploring their utility as potential noninvasive biomarkers. Additionally, selectively inhibiting or supplementing an miRNA contributing to pathogenesis is being pursued as a therapeutic strategy for a variety of disorders. Studies from rodent models of pain and patients have now implicated a role for miRNAs in mediating various aspects of pain processing. These noncoding RNAs can provide mechanistic insights into the pathways modulated and could serve as therapeutic targets. Here, we discuss the challenges associated with miRNA research and the promises ahead in this vastly unexplored avenue in pain biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite K McDonald
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seena K Ajit
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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45
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Altered microRNAs expression profiling in mice with diabetic neuropathic pain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 456:615-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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46
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Sakai A, Suzuki H. Emerging roles of microRNAs in chronic pain. Neurochem Int 2014; 77:58-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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Hydrogen-rich saline prevents remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia and inhibits MnSOD nitration via regulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptor in rats. Neuroscience 2014; 280:171-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Norcini M, Sideris A, Martin Hernandez LA, Zhang J, Blanck TJJ, Recio-Pinto E. An approach to identify microRNAs involved in neuropathic pain following a peripheral nerve injury. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:266. [PMID: 25221468 PMCID: PMC4148822 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury alters the expression of hundreds of proteins in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Targeting some of these proteins has led to successful treatments for acute pain, but not for sustained post-operative neuropathic pain. The latter may require targeting multiple proteins. Since a single microRNA (miR) can affect the expression of multiple proteins, here, we describe an approach to identify chronic neuropathic pain-relevant miRs. We used two variants of the spared nerve injury (SNI): Sural-SNI and Tibial-SNI and found distinct pain phenotypes between the two. Both models induced strong mechanical allodynia, but only Sural-SNI rats maintained strong mechanical and cold allodynia, as previously reported. In contrast, we found that Tibial-SNI rats recovered from mechanical allodynia and never developed cold allodynia. Since both models involve nerve injury, we increased the probability of identifying differentially regulated miRs that correlated with the quality and magnitude of neuropathic pain and decreased the probability of detecting miRs that are solely involved in neuronal regeneration. We found seven such miRs in L3-L5 DRG. The expression of these miRs increased in Tibial-SNI. These miRs displayed a lower level of expression in Sural-SNI, with four having levels lower than those in sham animals. Bioinformatic analysis of how these miRs could affect the expression of some ion channels supports the view that, following a peripheral nerve injury, the increase of the seven miRs may contribute to the recovery from neuropathic pain while the decrease of four of them may contribute to the development of chronic neuropathic pain. The approach used resulted in the identification of a small number of potentially neuropathic pain relevant miRs. Additional studies are required to investigate whether manipulating the expression of the identified miRs in primary sensory neurons can prevent or ameliorate chronic neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Norcini
- Department of Anesthesiology, NYU Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Sideris
- Department of Anesthesiology, NYU Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, NYU Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas J J Blanck
- Department of Anesthesiology, NYU Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA ; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Esperanza Recio-Pinto
- Department of Anesthesiology, NYU Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA
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49
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Kallenborn-Gerhardt W, Hohmann SW, Syhr KMJ, Schröder K, Sisignano M, Weigert A, Lorenz JE, Lu R, Brüne B, Brandes RP, Geisslinger G, Schmidtko A. Nox2-dependent signaling between macrophages and sensory neurons contributes to neuropathic pain hypersensitivity. Pain 2014; 155:2161-70. [PMID: 25139590 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging lines of evidence indicate that production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at distinct sites of the nociceptive system contributes to the processing of neuropathic pain. However, the mechanisms underlying ROS production during neuropathic pain processing are not fully understood. We here detected the ROS-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase isoform Nox2 in macrophages of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in mice. In response to peripheral nerve injury, Nox2-positive macrophages were recruited to DRG, and ROS production was increased in a Nox2-dependent manner. Nox2-deficient mice displayed reduced neuropathic pain behavior after peripheral nerve injury, whereas their immediate responses to noxious stimuli were normal. Moreover, injury-induced upregulation of tumor necrosis factor α was absent, and activating transcription factor 3 induction was reduced in DRG of Nox2-deficient mice, suggesting an attenuated macrophage-neuron signaling. These data suggest that Nox2-dependent ROS production in macrophages recruited to DRG contributes to neuropathic pain hypersensitivity, underlining the observation that Nox-derived ROS exert specific functions during the processing of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Kallenborn-Gerhardt
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephan W Hohmann
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina M J Syhr
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marco Sisignano
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I/ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jana E Lorenz
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I/ZAFES, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (IME-TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
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MicroRNAs as modulators and biomarkers of inflammatory and neuropathic pain conditions. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 71:159-68. [PMID: 25119878 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-transcriptional regulator molecules, microRNAs, have emerged as important biomarkers and modulators of numerous pathophysiological processes including oncogenesis and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, a significant number of dysregulations in microRNAs have been reported in patients suffering from painful disorders such as complex regional pain syndrome, cystitis-induced chronic pain and irritable bowel disorder, in both affected tissues and the circulation. Moreover, microRNAs are known to be involved in pain processing based on several recent findings in animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. The basis of this review was to cover and summarize available articles in English encompassing "microRNA and pain". In animal pain models widespread microRNA modulation is present and manifests on multiple levels i.e.: the dorsal root ganglia, the spinal dorsal horn and the brain. Numerous functional in vivo studies have found that dysregulated microRNAs are involved in the post-transcriptional modulation of genes implicated in pain generation and maintenance. Lastly, a few animal studies have delivered promising results as to the possibility of applying microRNAs as therapeutics to alleviate established pain and several clinical studies have highlighted the potential in applying microRNAs as biomarkers in painful conditions such as complex regional pain syndrome and fibromyalgia. This review briefly introduces the basics of microRNAs, their biogenesis and function, and mainly focuses on the recent advances made in understanding the role of microRNAs in relation to pain processing and painful conditions. It also provides an overview of widely diverse methodological approaches and results with a potential for future implications of microRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of pain.
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