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Cui D, Chen Y, Ye B, Guo W, Wang D, He J. Natural products for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155101. [PMID: 37778246 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative diseases are among the most common diseases in older adults worldwide. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and are accompanied by cerebral cortical atrophy, neuronal loss, protein accumulation, and excessive accumulation of metal ions. Natural products exhibit outstanding performance in improving cerebral circulatory disorders, promoting cerebral haematoma absorption, repairing damaged nerve tissue, and improving damaged nerve function. In recent years, studies have shown that neuroinflammatory mechanisms and signalling pathways closely related to the occurrence and development of neurological diseases include microglial activation, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway, reactive oxygen pathway, nucleotide binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor protein3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) pathway, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, and intestinal flora. Therefore, this study considered the mechanism of neurological diseases as the starting point to review the mechanism of action of natural products in the prevention and treatment of AD and PD in recent years to provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment. AIM Natural products are a promising source of novel lead structures that have long been used to treat various nervous system diseases. METHODOLOGY This review collected literature on neurological diseases and natural products from 2012 to 2022, which were mainly searched through databases such as ScienceDirect, Springer, PubMed, SciFinder, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Google Scholar, and Baidu Academic. The following keywords were searched: neurological disorders, natural products, signalling pathway, mechanism of action. RESULTS This review summarises the pathogenesis of degenerative neurological diseases, recent findings on natural products used in neurodegenerative diseases, and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghan Cui
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yajuan Chen
- School of Rehabilitation, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Bengui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa 850002, China
| | - Wenhao Guo
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity, and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, HSC 4N71, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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2
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Mierzejewski B, Grabowska I, Michalska Z, Zdunczyk K, Zareba F, Irhashava A, Chrzaszcz M, Patrycy M, Streminska W, Janczyk-Ilach K, Koblowska M, Iwanicka-Nowicka R, Gromadka A, Kowalski K, Ciemerych MA, Brzoska E. SDF-1 and NOTCH signaling in myogenic cell differentiation: the role of miRNA10a, 425, and 5100. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:204. [PMID: 37582765 PMCID: PMC10426160 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process regulated by many cytokines and growth factors. Among the important signaling pathways regulating the myogenic cell identity are these involving SDF-1 and NOTCH. SDF-1 participates in cell mobilization and acts as an important chemoattractant. NOTCH, on the other hand, controls cell activation and myogenic determination of satellite cells. Knowledge about the interaction between SDF-1 and NOTCH signaling is limited. METHODS We analyzed two populations of myogenic cells isolated from mouse skeletal muscle, that is, myoblasts derived from satellite cells (SCs) and muscle interstitial progenitor cells (MIPCs). First, microRNA level changes in response to SDF-1 treatment were analyzed with next-generation sequencing (NGS). Second, myogenic cells, i.e., SC-derived myoblasts and MIPCs were transfected with miRNA mimics, selected on the basis of NGS results, or their inhibitors. Transcriptional changes, as well as proliferation, migration, and differentiation abilities of SC-derived myoblasts and MIPCs, were analyzed in vitro. Naive myogenic potential was assessed in vivo, using subcutaneous engrafts and analysis of cell contribution to regeneration of the skeletal muscles. RESULTS SDF-1 treatment led to down-regulation of miR10a, miR151, miR425, and miR5100 in myoblasts. Interestingly, miR10a, miR425, and miR5100 regulated the expression of factors involved in the NOTCH signaling pathway, including Dll1, Jag2, and NICD. Furthermore, miR10a, miR425, and miR5100 down-regulated the expression of factors involved in cell migration: Acta1, MMP12, and FAK, myogenic differentiation: Pax7, Myf5, Myod, Mef2c, Myog, Musk, and Myh3. However, these changes did not significantly affect myogenic cell migration or fusion either in vitro or in vivo, except when miR425 was overexpressed, or miR5100 inhibitor was used. These two molecules increased the fusion of MIPCs and myoblasts, respectively. Furthermore, miR425-transfected MIPC transplantation into injured skeletal muscle resulted in more efficient regeneration, compared to control cell transplantation. However, skeletal muscles that were injected with miR10a transfected myoblasts regenerated less efficiently. CONCLUSIONS SDF-1 down-regulates miR10a, miR425, and miR5100, what could affect NOTCH signaling, differentiation of myogenic cells, and their participation in skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Mierzejewski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Michalska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Zdunczyk
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Franciszek Zareba
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aliksandra Irhashava
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Chrzaszcz
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Patrycy
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wladyslawa Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Janczyk-Ilach
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Koblowska
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roksana Iwanicka-Nowicka
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gromadka
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kowalski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Anna Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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3
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Giarratana N, Conti F, Rinvenuti L, Ronzoni F, Sampaolesi M. State of the Art Procedures for the Isolation and Characterization of Mesoangioblasts. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2640:99-115. [PMID: 36995590 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3036-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue able to regenerate quite efficiently, thanks to the presence of stem cell machinery. Besides the quiescent satellite cells that are activated upon injury or paracrine factors, other stem cells are described to be directly or indirectly involved in adult myogenesis. Mesoangioblasts (MABs) are vessel-associated stem cells originally isolated from embryonic dorsal aorta and, at later stages, from the adult muscle interstitium expressing pericyte markers. Adult MABs entered clinical trials for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the transcriptome of human fetal MABs has been described. In addition, single cell RNA-seq analyses provide novel information on adult murine MABs and more in general in interstitial muscle stem cells. This chapter provides state-of-the-art techniques to isolate and characterize murine MABs, fetal and adult human MABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nefele Giarratana
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filippo Conti
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lorenza Rinvenuti
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Flavio Ronzoni
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Histology and Medical Embryology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Choi S, Ferrari G, Moyle LA, Mackinlay K, Naouar N, Jalal S, Benedetti S, Wells C, Muntoni F, Tedesco FS. Assessing and enhancing migration of human myogenic progenitors using directed iPS cell differentiation and advanced tissue modelling. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14526. [PMID: 36161772 PMCID: PMC9549733 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle satellite stem cells (MuSCs) are responsible for skeletal muscle growth and regeneration. Despite their differentiation potential, human MuSCs have limited in vitro expansion and in vivo migration capacity, limiting their use in cell therapies for diseases affecting multiple skeletal muscles. Several protocols have been developed to derive MuSC-like progenitors from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells (hiPSCs) to establish a source of myogenic cells with controllable proliferation and differentiation. However, current hiPSC myogenic derivatives also suffer from limitations of cell migration, ultimately delaying their clinical translation. Here we use a multi-disciplinary approach including bioinformatics and tissue engineering to show that DLL4 and PDGF-BB improve migration of hiPSC-derived myogenic progenitors. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrate that this property is conserved across species and multiple hiPSC lines, consistent with results from single cell motility profiling. Treated cells showed enhanced trans-endothelial migration in transwell assays. Finally, increased motility was detected in a novel humanised assay to study cell migration using 3D artificial muscles, harnessing advanced tissue modelling to move hiPSCs closer to future muscle gene and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- SungWoo Choi
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Giulia Ferrari
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Louise A Moyle
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Present address:
Institute of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Kirsty Mackinlay
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Present address:
Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Naira Naouar
- Institut de Biologie Paris Seine FR3631, Plateforme de Bioinformatique ARTbioSorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Salma Jalal
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sara Benedetti
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research CentreLondonUK
| | - Christine Wells
- Centre for Stem Cell SystemsThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research CentreLondonUK
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular CentreUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for ChildrenLondonUK
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular CentreUCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital for ChildrenLondonUK
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5
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Cossu G, Tonlorenzi R, Brunelli S, Sampaolesi M, Messina G, Azzoni E, Benedetti S, Biressi S, Bonfanti C, Bragg L, Camps J, Cappellari O, Cassano M, Ciceri F, Coletta M, Covarello D, Crippa S, Cusella-De Angelis MG, De Angelis L, Dellavalle A, Diaz-Manera J, Galli D, Galli F, Gargioli C, Gerli MFM, Giacomazzi G, Galvez BG, Hoshiya H, Guttinger M, Innocenzi A, Minasi MG, Perani L, Previtali SC, Quattrocelli M, Ragazzi M, Roostalu U, Rossi G, Scardigli R, Sirabella D, Tedesco FS, Torrente Y, Ugarte G. Mesoangioblasts at 20: From the embryonic aorta to the patient bed. Front Genet 2022; 13:1056114. [PMID: 36685855 PMCID: PMC9845585 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1056114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2002 we published an article describing a population of vessel-associated progenitors that we termed mesoangioblasts (MABs). During the past decade evidence had accumulated that during muscle development and regeneration things may be more complex than a simple sequence of binary choices (e.g., dorsal vs. ventral somite). LacZ expressing fibroblasts could fuse with unlabelled myoblasts but not among themselves or with other cell types. Bone marrow derived, circulating progenitors were able to participate in muscle regeneration, though in very small percentage. Searching for the embryonic origin of these progenitors, we identified them as originating at least in part from the embryonic aorta and, at later stages, from the microvasculature of skeletal muscle. While continuing to investigate origin and fate of MABs, the fact that they could be expanded in vitro (also from human muscle) and cross the vessel wall, suggested a protocol for the cell therapy of muscular dystrophies. We tested this protocol in mice and dogs before proceeding to the first clinical trial on Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patients that showed safety but minimal efficacy. In the last years, we have worked to overcome the problem of low engraftment and tried to understand their role as auxiliary myogenic progenitors during development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Cossu
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine. University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Muscle Research Unit, Charité Medical Faculty and Max Delbrück Center, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Giulio Cossu, ; Rossana Tonlorenzi, ; Silvia Brunelli, ; Maurilio Sampaolesi, ; Graziella Messina,
| | - Rossana Tonlorenzi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulio Cossu, ; Rossana Tonlorenzi, ; Silvia Brunelli, ; Maurilio Sampaolesi, ; Graziella Messina,
| | - Silvia Brunelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulio Cossu, ; Rossana Tonlorenzi, ; Silvia Brunelli, ; Maurilio Sampaolesi, ; Graziella Messina,
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Histology and Medical Embryology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulio Cossu, ; Rossana Tonlorenzi, ; Silvia Brunelli, ; Maurilio Sampaolesi, ; Graziella Messina,
| | - Graziella Messina
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulio Cossu, ; Rossana Tonlorenzi, ; Silvia Brunelli, ; Maurilio Sampaolesi, ; Graziella Messina,
| | - Emanuele Azzoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Benedetti
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and NIHR GOSH Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Biressi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO) and Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonfanti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laricia Bragg
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine. University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jordi Camps
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ornella Cappellari
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Ciceri
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Coletta
- Histology and Medical Embryology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Crippa
- San Raffaele-Telethon Institute of Gene Theray, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luciana De Angelis
- Histology and Medical Embryology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jordi Diaz-Manera
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Galli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine. University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia F. M. Gerli
- UCL Department of Surgical Biotechnology and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Beatriz G. Galvez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Anna Innocenzi
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Giulia Minasi
- Lavitaminasi, Clinical Nutrition and Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Perani
- Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | - Urmas Roostalu
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering (ITB), pRED Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giuliana Rossi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Scardigli
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Dario Sirabella
- University College London, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children and the Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yvan Torrente
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and NIHR GOSH Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gonzalo Ugarte
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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6
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Breuls N, Giarratana N, Yedigaryan L, Garrido GM, Carai P, Heymans S, Ranga A, Deroose C, Sampaolesi M. Valproic acid stimulates myogenesis in pluripotent stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors in a NOTCH-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:677. [PMID: 34226515 PMCID: PMC8257578 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are debilitating neuromuscular disorders for which no cure exists. As this disorder affects both cardiac and skeletal muscle, patients would benefit from a cellular therapy that can simultaneously regenerate both tissues. The current protocol to derive bipotent mesodermal progenitors which can differentiate into cardiac and skeletal muscle relies on the spontaneous formation of embryoid bodies, thereby hampering further clinical translation. Additionally, as skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the human body, a high myogenic potential is necessary for successful regeneration. Here, we have optimized a protocol to generate chemically defined human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors (cdMiPs). We demonstrate that these cells contribute to myotube formation and differentiate into cardiomyocytes, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the addition of valproic acid, a clinically approved small molecule, increases the potential of the cdMiPs to contribute to myotube formation that can be prevented by NOTCH signaling inhibitors. Moreover, valproic acid pre-treated cdMiPs injected in dystrophic muscles increase physical strength and ameliorate the functional performances of transplanted mice. Taken together, these results constitute a novel approach to generate mesodermal progenitors with enhanced myogenic potential using clinically approved reagents.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Lineage
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/drug effects
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation
- Male
- Mesoderm/cytology
- Mesoderm/drug effects
- Mesoderm/metabolism
- Mesoderm/transplantation
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle Contraction
- Muscle Development/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/transplantation
- Muscle Strength
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophies/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophies/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophies/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophies/surgery
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/transplantation
- Phenotype
- Rats
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Valproic Acid/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Breuls
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nefele Giarratana
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Yedigaryan
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriel Miró Garrido
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paolo Carai
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephane Heymans
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Ranga
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Morphogenesis, Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Deroose
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Laboratory of Translational Cardiomyology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Research Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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7
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Kindler V, Paccaud J, Hannouche D, Laumonier T. Human myoblasts differentiate in various mesenchymal lineages and inhibit allogeneic T cell proliferation through an indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase dependent pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 403:112586. [PMID: 33839146 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Muscle stem cells (MuSC) are considered as a reliable source of therapeutic cells to restore diseased muscles. However in most cases, injected MuSC-derived myoblasts are rapidly destroyed by the host immune response, which impairs the beneficial effect. By contrast, human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), have been reported to exhibit potent immune regulatory functions. Thus, we investigated, in vitro, the multipotent differentiation- and immunosuppressive capacities of human myoblasts and compared these features with those of human MSC. Myoblasts shared numerous cell surface markers with MSC, including CD73, CD90, CD105 and CD146. Both cell type were negative for HLA-DR and CD45, CD34 and CD31. CD56, a myogenic marker, was expressed by myoblasts exclusively. Myoblasts displayed multipotent potential capabilities with differentiation in chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteoblasts in vitro. Myoblasts also inhibited allogenic T cell proliferation in vitro in a dose dependent manner, very similarly to MSC. This effect was partly mediated via the activation of indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase enzyme (IDO) after IFNγ exposure. Altogether, these data demonstrate that human myoblasts can differentiate in various mesenchymal linages and exhibit powerful immunosuppressive properties in vitro. Such features may open new therapeutic strategies for MuSC-derived myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Kindler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joris Paccaud
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Hannouche
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Laumonier
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
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8
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Guide Cells Support Muscle Regeneration and Affect Neuro-Muscular Junction Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041939. [PMID: 33669272 PMCID: PMC7920023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular regeneration is a complex biological process that occurs during acute injury and chronic degeneration, implicating several cell types. One of the earliest events of muscle regeneration is the inflammatory response, followed by the activation and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells. However, the process of novel neuromuscular junction formation during muscle regeneration is still largely unexplored. Here, we identify by single-cell RNA sequencing and isolate a subset of vessel-associated cells able to improve myogenic differentiation. We termed them 'guide' cells because of their remarkable ability to improve myogenesis without fusing with the newly formed fibers. In vitro, these cells showed a marked mobility and ability to contact the forming myotubes. We found that these cells are characterized by CD44 and CD34 surface markers and the expression of Ng2 and Ncam2. In addition, in a murine model of acute muscle injury and regeneration, injection of guide cells correlated with increased numbers of newly formed neuromuscular junctions. Thus, we propose that guide cells modulate de novo generation of neuromuscular junctions in regenerating myofibers. Further studies are necessary to investigate the origin of those cells and the extent to which they are required for terminal specification of regenerating myofibers.
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9
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Giacomazzi G, Giovannelli G, Rotini A, Costamagna D, Quattrocelli M, Sampaolesi M. Isolation of Mammalian Mesoangioblasts: A Subset of Pericytes with Myogenic Potential. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2235:155-167. [PMID: 33576976 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1056-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mesoangioblasts (MABs) are vessel-associated stem cells that express pericyte markers and are originally isolated from the embryonic dorsal aorta. From postnatal small vessels of skeletal muscle and heart, it is possible to isolate cells with similar characteristics to embryonic MABs. Adult MABs have the capacity to self-renew and to differentiate into cell types of mesodermal lineages upon proper culture conditions. To date, the origin of MABs and the relationship with other muscle stem cells are still debated. Recently, in a phase I-II clinical trial, intra-arterial HLA-matched MABs were proved to be relatively safe. Novel information on MAB pure populations is desirable, and implementation of their therapeutic potential is mandatory to approach efficacy in MAB-based treatments. This chapter provides an overview of the current techniques for isolation and characterization of rodent, canine, human, and equine adult MABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Giacomazzi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gaia Giovannelli
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessio Rotini
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domiziana Costamagna
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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10
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Archacka K, Bem J, Brzoska E, Czerwinska AM, Grabowska I, Kasprzycka P, Hoinkis D, Siennicka K, Pojda Z, Bernas P, Binkowski R, Jastrzebska K, Kupiec A, Malesza M, Michalczewska E, Soszynska M, Ilach K, Streminska W, Ciemerych MA. Beneficial Effect of IL-4 and SDF-1 on Myogenic Potential of Mouse and Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061479. [PMID: 32560483 PMCID: PMC7349575 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions skeletal muscle regeneration depends on the satellite cells. After injury these cells become activated, proliferate, and differentiate into myofibers reconstructing damaged tissue. Under pathological conditions satellite cells are not sufficient to support regeneration. For this reason, other cells are sought to be used in cell therapies, and different factors are tested as a tool to improve the regenerative potential of such cells. Many studies are conducted using animal cells, omitting the necessity to learn about human cells and compare them to animal ones. Here, we analyze and compare the impact of IL-4 and SDF-1, factors chosen by us on the basis of their ability to support myogenic differentiation and cell migration, at mouse and human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs). Importantly, we documented that mouse and human ADSCs differ in certain reactions to IL-4 and SDF-1. In general, the selected factors impacted transcriptome of ADSCs and improved migration and fusion ability of cells in vitro. In vivo, after transplantation into injured muscles, mouse ADSCs more eagerly participated in new myofiber formation than the human ones. However, regardless of the origin, ADSCs alleviated immune response and supported muscle reconstruction, and cytokine treatment enhanced these effects. Thus, we documented that the presence of ADSCs improves skeletal muscle regeneration and this influence could be increased by cell pretreatment with IL-4 and SDF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Joanna Bem
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Areta M. Czerwinska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Paulina Kasprzycka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Dzesika Hoinkis
- Intelliseq Ltd., Stanisława Konarskiego 42/13, 30-046 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Siennicka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W.K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (Z.P.)
| | - Zygmunt Pojda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W.K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (Z.P.)
| | - Patrycja Bernas
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Robert Binkowski
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Kinga Jastrzebska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Kupiec
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Malgorzata Malesza
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Emilia Michalczewska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Marta Soszynska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Ilach
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Wladyslawa Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Maria A. Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-55-42-216
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11
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IL-4 and SDF-1 Increase Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cell Ability to Improve Rat Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093302. [PMID: 32392778 PMCID: PMC7246596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration depends on the satellite cells, which, in response to injury, activate, proliferate, and reconstruct damaged tissue. However, under certain conditions, such as large injuries or myopathies, these cells might not sufficiently support repair. Thus, other cell populations, among them adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs), are tested as a tool to improve regeneration. Importantly, the pro-regenerative action of such cells could be improved by various factors. In the current study, we tested whether IL-4 and SDF-1 could improve the ability of ADSCs to support the regeneration of rat skeletal muscles. We compared their effect at properly regenerating fast-twitch EDL and poorly regenerating slow-twitch soleus. To this end, ADSCs subjected to IL-4 and SDF-1 were analyzed in vitro and also in vivo after their transplantation into injured muscles. We tested their proliferation rate, migration, expression of stem cell markers and myogenic factors, their ability to fuse with myoblasts, as well as their impact on the mass, structure and function of regenerating muscles. As a result, we showed that cytokine-pretreated ADSCs had a beneficial effect in the regeneration process. Their presence resulted in improved muscle structure and function, as well as decreased fibrosis development and a modulated immune response.
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12
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Fiore PF, Benedetti A, Sandonà M, Madaro L, De Bardi M, Saccone V, Puri PL, Gargioli C, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Bouché M. Lack of PKCθ Promotes Regenerative Ability of Muscle Stem Cells in Chronic Muscle Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030932. [PMID: 32023816 PMCID: PMC7037041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease characterized by muscle wasting and chronic inflammation, leading to impaired satellite cells (SCs) function and exhaustion of their regenerative capacity. We previously showed that lack of PKCθ in mdx mice, a mouse model of DMD, reduces muscle wasting and inflammation, and improves muscle regeneration and performance at early stages of the disease. In this study, we show that muscle regeneration is boosted, and fibrosis reduced in mdxθ−/− mice, even at advanced stages of the disease. This phenotype was associated with a higher number of Pax7 positive cells in mdxθ−/− muscle compared with mdx muscle, during the progression of the disease. Moreover, the expression level of Pax7 and Notch1, the pivotal regulators of SCs self-renewal, were upregulated in SCs isolated from mdxθ−/− muscle compared with mdx derived SCs. Likewise, the expression of the Notch ligands Delta1 and Jagged1 was higher in mdxθ−/− muscle compared with mdx. The expression level of Delta1 and Jagged1 was also higher in PKCθ−/− muscle compared with WT muscle following acute injury. In addition, lack of PKCθ prolonged the survival and sustained the differentiation of transplanted myogenic progenitors. Overall, our results suggest that lack of PKCθ promotes muscle repair in dystrophic mice, supporting stem cells survival and maintenance through increased Delta-Notch signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiotoxins/adverse effects
- Cell Differentiation
- Cells, Cultured
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/injuries
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/therapy
- PAX7 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Protein Kinase C-theta/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Regeneration
- Signal Transduction
- Stem Cell Transplantation
- Stem Cells/cytology
- Stem Cells/drug effects
- Stem Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Filomena Fiore
- Department of AHFMO, University of Rome “la Sapienza”, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.M.); (B.L.-O.)
| | - Anna Benedetti
- Department of AHFMO, University of Rome “la Sapienza”, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.M.); (B.L.-O.)
| | - Martina Sandonà
- Department of AHFMO, University of Rome “la Sapienza”, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.M.); (B.L.-O.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (FSL), e00143 Rome, Italy; (M.D.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Luca Madaro
- Department of AHFMO, University of Rome “la Sapienza”, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.M.); (B.L.-O.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (FSL), e00143 Rome, Italy; (M.D.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Marco De Bardi
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (FSL), e00143 Rome, Italy; (M.D.B.); (V.S.)
| | - Valentina Saccone
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (FSL), e00143 Rome, Italy; (M.D.B.); (V.S.)
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Cesare Gargioli
- Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser
- Department of AHFMO, University of Rome “la Sapienza”, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.M.); (B.L.-O.)
| | - Marina Bouché
- Department of AHFMO, University of Rome “la Sapienza”, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy; (P.F.F.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.M.); (B.L.-O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-4976-6755
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13
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Mavoungou LO, Neuenschwander S, Pham U, Iyer PS, Mermod N. Characterization of mesoangioblast cell fate and improved promyogenic potential of a satellite cell-like subpopulation upon transplantation in dystrophic murine muscles. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101619. [PMID: 31683098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal muscle-wasting disease caused by the lack of dystrophin in muscle fibers that is currently without curative treatment. Mesoangioblasts (MABs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate to a myogenic lineage and that can be used to express Dystrophin upon transplantation into muscles, in autologous gene therapy approaches. However, their fate in the muscle environment remains poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the differentiation fate of MABs following their transplantation in DMD murine muscles using a mass cytometry strategy. This allowed the identification and isolation of a fraction of MAB-derived cells presenting common properties with satellite muscle stem cells. This analysis also indicated that most cells did not undergo a myogenic differentiation path once in the muscle environment, limiting their capacity to restore dystrophin expression in transplanted muscles. We therefore assessed whether MAB treatment with cytokines and growth factors prior to engraftment may improve their myogenic fate. We identified a combination of such signals that ameliorates MABs capacity to undergo myogenic differentiation in vivo and to restore dystrophin expression upon engraftment in myopathic murine muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel O Mavoungou
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Uyen Pham
- Grand Valley State University, MI, USA
| | - Pavithra S Iyer
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Mermod
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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14
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Grabowska I, Zimowska M, Maciejewska K, Jablonska Z, Bazga A, Ozieblo M, Streminska W, Bem J, Brzoska E, Ciemerych MA. Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells in Matrigel Impacts the Regeneration of Severely Damaged Skeletal Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3313. [PMID: 31284492 PMCID: PMC6651806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In case of large injuries of skeletal muscles the pool of endogenous stem cells, i.e., satellite cells, might be not sufficient to secure proper regeneration. Such failure in reconstruction is often associated with loss of muscle mass and excessive formation of connective tissue. Therapies aiming to improve skeletal muscle regeneration and prevent fibrosis may rely on the transplantation of different types of stem cell. Among such cells are adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) which are relatively easy to isolate, culture, and manipulate. Our study aimed to verify applicability of ADSCs in the therapies of severely injured skeletal muscles. We tested whether 3D structures obtained from Matrigel populated with ADSCs and transplanted to regenerating mouse gastrocnemius muscles could improve the regeneration. In addition, ADSCs used in this study were pretreated with myoblasts-conditioned medium or anti-TGFβ antibody, i.e., the factors modifying their ability to proliferate, migrate, or differentiate. Analyses performed one week after injury allowed us to show the impact of 3D cultured control and pretreated ADSCs at muscle mass and structure, as well as fibrosis development immune response of the injured muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zimowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Maciejewska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Jablonska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bazga
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Ozieblo
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wladyslawa Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Bem
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Sinha KM, Tseng C, Guo P, Lu A, Pan H, Gao X, Andrews R, Eltzschig H, Huard J. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a major determinant in the enhanced function of muscle-derived progenitors from MRL/MpJ mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:8321-8334. [PMID: 30970214 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801794r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the mouse strain Murphy Roths Large (MRL/MpJ) possesses high regenerative potential, the mechanism of tissue regeneration, including skeletal muscle, in MRL/MpJ mice after injury is still unclear. Our previous studies have shown that muscle-derived stem/progenitor cell (MDSPC) function is significantly enhanced in MRL/MpJ mice when compared with MDSPCs isolated from age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. Using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis, we identified increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α target genes (expression of glycolytic factors and antioxidants) in sera from MRL/MpJ mice compared with WT mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that HIF-1α promotes the high muscle healing capacity of MRL/MpJ mice by increasing the potency of MDSPCs. We demonstrated that treating MRL/MpJ MDSPCs with dimethyloxalylglycine and CoCl2 increased the expression of HIF-1α and target genes, including angiogenic and cell survival genes. We also observed that HIF-1α activated the expression of paired box (Pax)7 through direct interaction with the Pax7 promoter. Furthermore, we also observed a higher myogenic potential of MDSPCs derived from prolyl hydroxylase (Phd) 3-knockout (Phd3-/-) mice, which displayed higher stability of HIF-1α. Taken together, our findings suggest that HIF-1α is a major determinant in the increased MDSPC function of MRL/MpJ mice through enhancement of cell survival, proliferation, and myogenic differentiation.-Sinha, K. M., Tseng, C., Guo, P., Lu, A., Pan, H., Gao, X., Andrews, R., Eltzschig, H., Huard, J. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a major determinant in the enhanced function of muscle-derived progenitors from MRL/MpJ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna M Sinha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chieh Tseng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aiping Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Haiying Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xueqin Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Reid Andrews
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Holger Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA
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16
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Gerli MFM, Moyle LA, Benedetti S, Ferrari G, Ucuncu E, Ragazzi M, Constantinou C, Louca I, Sakai H, Ala P, De Coppi P, Tajbakhsh S, Cossu G, Tedesco FS. Combined Notch and PDGF Signaling Enhances Migration and Expression of Stem Cell Markers while Inducing Perivascular Cell Features in Muscle Satellite Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:461-473. [PMID: 30745033 PMCID: PMC6409426 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are responsible for skeletal muscle regeneration. Upon activation, they proliferate as transient amplifying myoblasts, most of which fuse into regenerating myofibers. Despite their remarkable differentiation potential, these cells have limited migration capacity, which curtails clinical use for widespread forms of muscular dystrophy. Conversely, skeletal muscle perivascular cells have less myogenic potential but better migration capacity than satellite cells. Here we show that modulation of Notch and PDGF pathways, involved in developmental specification of pericytes, induces perivascular cell features in adult mouse and human satellite cell-derived myoblasts. DLL4 and PDGF-BB-treated cells express markers of perivascular cells and associate with endothelial networks while also upregulating markers of satellite cell self-renewal. Moreover, treated cells acquire trans-endothelial migration ability while remaining capable of engrafting skeletal muscle upon intramuscular transplantation. These results extend our understanding of muscle stem cell fate plasticity and provide a druggable pathway with clinical relevance for muscle cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Francesco Maria Gerli
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Louise Anne Moyle
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK
| | - Sara Benedetti
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK; Molecular and Cellular Immunology Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Giulia Ferrari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK
| | - Ekin Ucuncu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK
| | - Martina Ragazzi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK
| | - Chrystalla Constantinou
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK
| | - Irene Louca
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK
| | - Hiroshi Sakai
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierpaolo Ala
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Shahragim Tajbakhsh
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Giulio Cossu
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, WC1E 6DE London, UK; The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK.
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17
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Moyle LA, Tedesco FS, Benedetti S. Pericytes in Muscular Dystrophies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1147:319-344. [PMID: 31147885 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16908-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The muscular dystrophies are an heterogeneous group of inherited myopathies characterised by the progressive wasting of skeletal muscle tissue. Pericytes have been shown to make muscle in vitro and to contribute to skeletal muscle regeneration in several animal models, although recent data has shown this to be controversial. In fact, some pericyte subpopulations have been shown to contribute to fibrosis and adipose deposition in muscle. In this chapter, we explore the identity and the multifaceted role of pericytes in dystrophic muscle, potential therapeutic applications and the current need to overcome the hurdles of characterisation (both to identify pericyte subpopulations and track cell fate), to prevent deleterious differentiation towards myogenic-inhibiting subpopulations, and to improve cell proliferation and engraftment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Anne Moyle
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK.
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Sara Benedetti
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
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18
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Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process and involves the activation of many cellular and molecular pathways. Although satellite cells (SCs) are the major cell type responsible for muscle regeneration, pericytes show remarkable myogenic potential and various advantages as cell therapy in muscular disorders. This chapter first introduces the structure, marker expression, origin, and category of pericytes. Next, we discuss their functions in muscular dystrophy and/or muscle injuries, focusing on their myogenic, adipogenic, fibrogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic activities. Understanding this knowledge will promote the development of innovative cell therapies for muscle disorders, including muscular dystrophy.
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19
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Kowalski K, Dos Santos M, Maire P, Ciemerych MA, Brzoska E. Induction of bone marrow-derived cells myogenic identity by their interactions with the satellite cell niche. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:258. [PMID: 30261919 PMCID: PMC6161400 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle regeneration is possible thanks to unipotent stem cells, which are satellite cells connected to the myofibers. Populations of stem cells other than muscle-specific satellite cells are considered as sources of cells able to support skeletal muscle reconstruction. Among these are bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), which are multipotent, self-renewing stem cells present in the bone marrow stroma. Available data documenting the ability of BM-MSCs to undergo myogenic differentiation are not definitive. In the current work, we aimed to check if the satellite cell niche could impact the ability of bone marrow-derived cells to follow a myogenic program. Methods We established a new in-vitro method for the coculture of bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) that express CXCR4 (CXCR4+BMCs; the stromal-derived factor-1 (Sdf-1) receptor) with myofibers. Using various tests, we analyzed the myogenic identity of BMCs and their ability to fuse with myoblasts in vitro and in vivo. Results We showed that Sdf-1 treatment increased the number of CXCR4+BMCs able to bind the myofiber and occupy the satellite cell niche. Moreover, interaction with myofibers induced the expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) in CXCR4+BMCs. CXCR4+BMCs, pretreated by the coculture with myofibers and Sdf-1, participated in myotube formation in vitro and also myofiber reconstruction in vivo. We also showed that Sdf-1 overexpression in vivo (in injured and regenerating muscles) supported the participation of CXCR4+BMCs in new myofiber formation. Conclusion We showed that CXCR4+BMC interaction with myofibers (that is, within the satellite cell niche) induced CXCR4+BMC myogenic commitment. CXCR4+BMCs, pretreated using such a method of culture, were able to participate in skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kowalski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthieu Dos Santos
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Maire
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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20
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Rotini A, Martínez-Sarrà E, Duelen R, Costamagna D, Di Filippo ES, Giacomazzi G, Grosemans H, Fulle S, Sampaolesi M. Aging affects the in vivo regenerative potential of human mesoangioblasts. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29397577 PMCID: PMC5847873 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the age‐related loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. Although the role of human satellite cells (SCs) as adult skeletal muscle stem cells has been deeply investigated, little is known about the impact of aging on muscle interstitial stem cells. Here, we isolated the non‐SC CD56– fraction from human muscle biopsies of young and elderly subjects. The elderly interstitial cell population contained a higher number of CD15+ and PDGFRα+ cells when compared to young samples. In addition, we found that the CD56–/ALP+ cells were well represented as a multipotent stem cell population inside the CD56– fraction. CD56–/ALP+/CD15– cells were clonogenic, and since they were myogenic and expressed NG2, α‐SMA and PDGFRβ can be considered mesoangioblasts (MABs). Interestingly, elderly MABs displayed a dramatic impairment in the myogenic differentiation ability in vitro and when transplanted in dystrophic immunodeficient Sgcb‐null Rag2‐null γc‐null mice. In addition, elderly MABs proliferated less, but yet retained other multilineage capabilities. Overall, our results indicate that aging negatively impacted on the regenerative potential of MABs and this should be carefully considered for potential therapeutic applications of MABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Rotini
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory; Stem Cell Institute of Leuven; Unit of Stem Cell Research; Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology; Chieti Italy
| | - Ester Martínez-Sarrà
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory; Stem Cell Institute of Leuven; Unit of Stem Cell Research; Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Robin Duelen
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory; Stem Cell Institute of Leuven; Unit of Stem Cell Research; Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Domiziana Costamagna
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory; Stem Cell Institute of Leuven; Unit of Stem Cell Research; Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Ester Sara Di Filippo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology; Chieti Italy
| | - Giorgia Giacomazzi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory; Stem Cell Institute of Leuven; Unit of Stem Cell Research; Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Hanne Grosemans
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory; Stem Cell Institute of Leuven; Unit of Stem Cell Research; Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Stefania Fulle
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences; University “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara; Chieti Italy
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology; Chieti Italy
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory; Stem Cell Institute of Leuven; Unit of Stem Cell Research; Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology; Department of Development and Regeneration; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology; Chieti Italy
- Human Anatomy Unit; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
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21
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Shan T, Xu Z, Wu W, Liu J, Wang Y. Roles of Notch1 Signaling in Regulating Satellite Cell Fates Choices and Postnatal Skeletal Myogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2964-2967. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Weiche Wu
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
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22
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Quattrocelli M, Spencer MJ, McNally EM. Outside in: The matrix as a modifier of muscular dystrophy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:572-579. [PMID: 28011285 PMCID: PMC5262521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are genetic conditions leading to muscle degeneration and often, impaired regeneration. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a prototypical form of muscular dystrophy, and like other forms of genetically inherited muscle diseases, pathological progression is variable. Variability in muscular dystrophy can arise from differences in the manner in which the primary mutation impacts the affected protein's function; however, clinical heterogeneity also derives from secondary mutations in other genes that can enhance or reduce pathogenic features of disease. These genes, called genetic modifiers, regulate the pathophysiological context of dystrophic degeneration and regeneration. Understanding the mechanistic links between genetic modifiers and dystrophic progression sheds light on pathologic remodeling, and provides novel avenues to therapeutically intervene to reduce muscle degeneration. Based on targeted genetic approaches and unbiased genomewide screens, several modifiers have been identified for muscular dystrophy, including extracellular agonists of signaling cascades. This review will focus on identification and possible mechanisms of recently identified modifiers for muscular dystrophy, including osteopontin, latent TGFβ binding protein 4 (LTBP4) and Jagged1. Moreover, we will review the investigational approaches that aim to target modifier pathways and thereby counteract dystrophic muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melissa J Spencer
- Dept of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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23
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Tedesco FS, Moyle LA, Perdiguero E. Muscle Interstitial Cells: A Brief Field Guide to Non-satellite Cell Populations in Skeletal Muscle. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1556:129-147. [PMID: 28247348 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6771-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration is mainly enabled by a population of adult stem cells known as satellite cells. Satellite cells have been shown to be indispensable for adult skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. In the last two decades, other stem/progenitor cell populations resident in the skeletal muscle interstitium have been identified as "collaborators" of satellite cells during regeneration. They also appear to have a key role in replacing skeletal muscle with adipose, fibrous, or bone tissue in pathological conditions. Here, we review the role and known functions of these different interstitial skeletal muscle cell types and discuss their role in skeletal muscle tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and disease, including their therapeutic potential for cell transplantation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6DE, London, UK.
| | - Louise A Moyle
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6DE, London, UK
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences (DCEXS), Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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Equine-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Retain Lineage Commitment Toward Myogenic and Chondrogenic Fates. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:55-63. [PMID: 26771353 PMCID: PMC4719186 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great potential not only for human but also for veterinary purposes. The equine industry must often deal with health issues concerning muscle and cartilage, where comprehensive regenerative strategies are still missing. In this regard, a still open question is whether equine iPSCs differentiate toward muscle and cartilage, and whether donor cell type influences their differentiation potential. We addressed these questions through an isogenic system of equine iPSCs obtained from myogenic mesoangioblasts (MAB-iPSCs) and chondrogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-iPSCs). Despite similar levels of pluripotency characteristics, the myogenic differentiation appeared enhanced in MAB-iPSCs. Conversely, the chondrogenic differentiation was augmented in MSC-iPSCs through both teratoma and in vitro differentiation assays. Thus, our data suggest that equine iPSCs can differentiate toward the myogenic and chondrogenic lineages, and can present a skewed differentiation potential in favor of the source cell lineage. Equine mesoangioblasts (MABs) are prospectively isolated from syngeneic horses Equine iPSCs are obtained from isogenic MABs and MSCs with similar characteristics Equine MAB-iPSCs are more prone to the muscle lineage in vivo and in vitro Equine MSC-iPSCs display higher propensity for the chondrogenic lineage
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25
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Vezzani B, Pierantozzi E, Sorrentino V. Not All Pericytes Are Born Equal: Pericytes from Human Adult Tissues Present Different Differentiation Properties. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1549-1558. [PMID: 27549576 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericytes (PCs) have been recognized for a long time only as structural cells of the blood vessels. The identification of tight contacts with endothelial cells and the ability to interact with surrounding cells through paracrine signaling revealed additional functions of PCs in maintaining the homeostasis of the perivascular environment. PCs got the front page, in the late 1990s, after the identification and characterization of a new embryonic cell population, the mesoangioblasts, from which PCs present in the adult organism are thought to derive. From these studies, it was clear that PCs were also endowed with multipotent mesodermal abilities. Furthermore, their ability to cross the vascular wall and to reconstitute skeletal muscle tissue after systemic injection opened the way to a number of studies aimed to develop therapeutic protocols for a cell therapy of muscular dystrophy. This has resulted in a major effort to characterize pericytic cell populations from skeletal muscle and other adult tissues. Additional studies also addressed their relationship with other cells of the perivascular compartment and with mesenchymal stem cells. These data have provided initial evidence that PCs from different adult tissues might be endowed with distinctive differentiation abilities. This would suggest that the multipotent mesenchymal ability of PCs might be restrained within different tissues, likely depending on the specific cell renewal and repair requirements of each tissue. This review presents current knowledge on human PCs and highlights recent data on the differentiation properties of PCs isolated from different adult tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Vezzani
- Molecular Medicine Section, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Enrico Pierantozzi
- Molecular Medicine Section, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Molecular Medicine Section, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
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26
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Pierantozzi E, Vezzani B, Badin M, Curina C, Severi FM, Petraglia F, Randazzo D, Rossi D, Sorrentino V. Tissue-Specific Cultured Human Pericytes: Perivascular Cells from Smooth Muscle Tissue Have Restricted Mesodermal Differentiation Ability. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:674-86. [PMID: 26956507 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular pericytes (PCs) are considered the adult counterpart of the embryonic mesoangioblasts, which represent a multipotent cell population that resides in the dorsal aorta of the developing embryo. Although PCs have been isolated from several adult organs and tissues, it is still controversial whether PCs from different tissues exhibit distinct differentiation potentials. To address this point, we investigated the differentiation potentials of isogenic human cultured PCs isolated from skeletal (sk-hPCs) and smooth muscle tissues (sm-hPCs). We found that both sk-hPCs and sm-hPCs expressed known pericytic markers and did not express endothelial, hematopoietic, and myogenic markers. Both sk-hPCs and sm-hPCs were able to differentiate into smooth muscle cells. In contrast, sk-hPCs, but not sm-hPCs, differentiated in skeletal muscle cells and osteocytes. Given the reported ability of the Notch pathway to regulate skeletal muscle and osteogenic differentiation, sk-hPCs and sm-hPCs were treated with N-[N-(3,5- difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT), a known inhibitor of Notch signaling. DAPT treatment, as assessed by histological and molecular analysis, enhanced myogenic differentiation and abolished osteogenic potential of sk-hPCs. In contrast, DAPT treatment did not affect either myogenic or osteogenic differentiation of sm-hPCs. In summary, these results indicate that, despite being isolated from the same anatomical niche, cultured PCs from skeletal muscle and smooth muscle tissues display distinct differentiation abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bianca Vezzani
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Margherita Badin
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Carlo Curina
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Filiberto Maria Severi
- 2 Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- 2 Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Davide Randazzo
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- 1 Molecular Medicine Section, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
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Holvoet B, Quattrocelli M, Belderbos S, Pollaris L, Wolfs E, Gheysens O, Gijsbers R, Vanoirbeek J, Verfaillie CM, Sampaolesi M, Deroose CM. Sodium Iodide Symporter PET and BLI Noninvasively Reveal Mesoangioblast Survival in Dystrophic Mice. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 5:1183-1195. [PMID: 26626179 PMCID: PMC4682284 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of myopathies, characterized by muscle weakness and degeneration, without curative treatment. Mesoangioblasts (MABs) have been proposed as a potential regenerative therapy. To improve our understanding of the in vivo behavior of MABs and the effect of different immunosuppressive therapies, like cyclosporine A or co-stimulation-adhesion blockade therapy, on cell survival noninvasive cell monitoring is required. Therefore, cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding firefly luciferase (Fluc) and the human sodium iodide transporter (hNIS) to allow cell monitoring via bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and small-animal positron emission tomography (PET). Non-H2 matched mMABs were injected in the femoral artery of dystrophic mice and were clearly visible via small-animal PET and BLI. Based on noninvasive imaging data, we were able to show that co-stim was clearly superior to CsA in reducing cell rejection and this was mediated via a reduction in cytotoxic T cells and upregulation of regulatory T cells. Longitudinal monitoring of murine mesoangioblasts with BLI and small-animal PET Noninvasive evaluation of immune suppressant efficacy Inhibition of co-stimulation outperformed cyclosporin Inhibition of co-stimulation reduced cytotoxic and upregulated regulatory T cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Holvoet
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Translational Cardiomyology Lab, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Sarah Belderbos
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lore Pollaris
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Esther Wolfs
- Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Lab of Histology, Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek 3590, Belgium
| | - Olivier Gheysens
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Rik Gijsbers
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Catherine M Verfaillie
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Translational Cardiomyology Lab, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Deroose
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
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Costamagna D, Quattrocelli M, van Tienen F, Umans L, de Coo IFM, Zwijsen A, Huylebroeck D, Sampaolesi M. Smad1/5/8 are myogenic regulators of murine and human mesoangioblasts. J Mol Cell Biol 2015; 8:73-87. [PMID: 26450990 PMCID: PMC4710210 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjv059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesoangioblasts (MABs) are vessel-associated stem cells that express pericyte marker genes and participate in skeletal muscle regeneration. Molecular circuits that regulate the myogenic commitment of MABs are still poorly characterized. The critical role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling during proliferation and differentiation of adult myogenic precursors, such as satellite cells, has recently been established. We evaluated whether BMP signalling impacts on the myogenic potential of embryonic and adult MABs both in vitro and in vivo. Addition of BMP inhibited MAB myogenic differentiation, whereas interference with the interactions between BMPs and receptor complexes induced differentiation. Similarly, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Smad8 in Smad1/5-null MABs or inhibition of SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation with Dorsomorphin (DM) also improved myogenic differentiation, demonstrating a novel role of SMAD8. Moreover, using a transgenic mouse model of Smad8 deletion, we demonstrated that the absence of SMAD8 protein improved MAB myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, once injected into α-Sarcoglycan (Sgca)-null muscles, DM-treated MABs were more efficacious to restore α-sarcoglycan (αSG) protein levels and re-establish functional muscle properties. Similarly, in acute muscle damage, DM-treated MABs displayed a better myogenic potential compared with BMP-treated and untreated cells. Finally, SMADs also control the myogenic commitment of human MABs (hMABs). BMP signalling antagonists are therefore novel candidates to improve the therapeutic effects of hMABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domiziana Costamagna
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Florence van Tienen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieve Umans
- Laboratory for Developmental Signalling, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irineus F M de Coo
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - An Zwijsen
- Laboratory for Developmental Signalling, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Role of Inflammation in Muscle Homeostasis and Myogenesis. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:805172. [PMID: 26508819 PMCID: PMC4609834 DOI: 10.1155/2015/805172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass is subject to rapid changes according to growth stimuli inducing both hypertrophy, through increased protein synthesis, and hyperplasia, activating the myogenic program. Muscle wasting, characteristic of several pathological states associated with local or systemic inflammation, has been for long considered to rely on the alteration of myofiber intracellular pathways regulated by both hormones and cytokines, eventually leading to impaired anabolism and increased protein breakdown. However, there are increasing evidences that even alterations of the myogenic/regenerative program play a role in the onset of muscle wasting, even though the precise mechanisms involved are far from being fully elucidated. The comprehension of the links potentially occurring between impaired myogenesis and increased catabolism would allow the definition of effective strategies aimed at counteracting muscle wasting. The first part of this review gives an overview of skeletal muscle intracellular pathways determining fiber size, while the second part considers the cells and the regulatory pathways involved in the myogenic program. In both parts are discussed the evidences supporting the role of inflammation in impairing muscle homeostasis and myogenesis, potentially determining muscle atrophy.
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30
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The mesmiRizing complexity of microRNAs for striated muscle tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 88:37-52. [PMID: 25912658 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) are small non-protein-coding RNAs, able to post-transcriptionally regulate many genes and exert pleiotropic effects. Alteration of miR levels in tissues and in the circulation has been associated with various pathological and regenerative conditions. In this regard, tissue engineering of cardiac and skeletal muscles is a fascinating context for harnessing the complexity of miR-based circuitries and signals. In this review, we will focus on miR-driven regulation of cardiac and skeletal myogenic routes in homeostatic and challenging states. Furthermore, we will survey the intriguing perspective of exosomal and circulating miRs as novel paracrine players, potentially useful for current and future approaches of regenerative medicine for the striated muscles.
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