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Lin J, Wang X, Gu M, Chen Y, Xu J, Chau NV, Li J, Ji X, Chu Q, Qing L, Wu W. Geniposide ameliorates atherosclerosis by restoring lipophagy via suppressing PARP1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155617. [PMID: 38614041 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of global death, which manifests as arterial lipid stack and plaque formation. Geniposide is an iridoid glycoside extract from Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis that ameliorates AS by mediating autophagy. However, how Geniposide regulates autophagy and treats AS remains unclear. PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of Geniposide in treating AS. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Geniposide was administered to high-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice and oxidized low-density lipoprotein-incubated primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). AS was evaluated with arterial lipid stack, plaque progression, and collagen loss in the artery. Foam cell formation was detected by lipid accumulation, inflammation, apoptosis, and the expression of foam cell markers. The mechanism of Geniposide in treating AS was assessed using network pharmacology. Lipophagy was measured by lysosomal activity, expression of lipophagy markers, and the co-localization of lipids and lipophagy markers. The effects of lipophagy were blocked using Chloroquine. The role of PARP1 was assessed by Olaparib (a PARP1 inhibitor) intervention and PARP1 overexpression. RESULTS In vivo, Geniposide reversed high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia, plaque progression, and inflammation. In vitro, Geniposide inhibited VSMC-derived foam cell formation by suppressing lipid stack, apoptosis, and the expressions of foam cell markers. Network pharmacological analysis and in vitro validation suggested that Geniposide treated AS by enhancing lipophagy via suppressing the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The benefits of Geniposide in alleviating AS were offset by Chloroquine in vivo and in vitro. Inhibiting PARP1 using Olaparib promoted lipophagy and alleviated AS progression, while PARP1 overexpression exacerbated foam cell formation and lipophagy blockage. The above effects of PARP1 were weakened by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. PARP1 also inhibited the combination of the ABCG1 and PLIN1. CONCLUSION Geniposide alleviated AS by restoring PARP1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-suppressed lipophagy. This study is the first to present the lipophagy-inducing effect of Geniposide and the binding of ABCG1 and PLIN1 inhibited by PARP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Lin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyang Gu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Qinchengda Community Health Service Center, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, No. 225, Block 10A, Qinchengda Yueyuan Commercial and Residential Building, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiongbo Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nhi Van Chau
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Traditional Medicine Department, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Khanh, Ninh Kieu, Can Tho, Viet Nam
| | - Junlong Li
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodong Ji
- The Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingmin Chu
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijin Qing
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Huang J, Xu S, Liu L, Zhang J, Xu J, Zhang L, Zhou X, Huang L, Peng J, Wang J, Gong Z, Chen Y. Targeted treatment of atherosclerosis with protein-polysaccharide nanoemulsion co-loaded with photosensitiser and upconversion nanoparticles. J Drug Target 2023; 31:1111-1127. [PMID: 37962293 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2284093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the most abundant cell group in atherosclerosis (AS) lesions and play a vital role in all stages of AS progression. Recent research has shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation from photodynamic therapy (PDT) induces macrophage autophagy to improve abnormal lipid metabolism and inflammatory environment. Especially in macrophage-derived foam cells, which has become a potential strategy for the treatment of AS. In this study, we prepared the conjugate (DB) of dextran (DEX) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The DB was used as the emulsifier to prepare nanoemulsion loaded with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) (UCNPs-Ce6@DB). The DEX modified on the surface of the nanoemulsion can recognise and bind to the scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) highly expressed on macrophages and promote the uptake of macrophage-derived foam cells in AS plates through SR-A-mediated endocytosis. In addition, UCNPs-Ce6@DB-mediated PDT enhanced ROS generation and induced autophagy in macrophage-derived foam cells, enhanced the expression of ABCA1, a protein closely related to cholesterol efflux, and inhibited the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Ultimately, UCNPs-Ce6@DB was shown to inhibit plaque formation in mouse models of AS. In conclusion, UCNPs-Ce6@DB offers a promising treatment for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lina Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzhuan Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lei Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianqing Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Zipeng Gong
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Zuo J, Guo S, Qin X. Bisdemethoxycurcumin suppresses the progression of atherosclerosis and VSMC-derived foam cell formation by promoting lipophagy. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3659-3670. [PMID: 37289282 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02558-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the sources of foam cells in atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism of VSMC-derived foam cell formation remain largely unknown. Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is considered to possess diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. However, the effects of BDMC on atherosclerosis remain unclear. Here, we established an in vitro foam cell model by culturing VSMCs with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). The results show that BDMC reduced lipid droplets in ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs. In addition, BDMC promotes autophagy by suppressing PDK1/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In vivo, BDMC alleviates inflammatory responses and lipid accumulation in in apoe-/- mice. Above all, the results from the present study suggested that BDMC may be used as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Zuo
- Department of Vascular surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Sien Guo
- Department of Vascular surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiao Qin
- Department of Vascular surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Fei X, Cen X, Zhao R, Wang J, Cui H. PRMT5 knockdown enhances cell viability and suppresses cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cells via interacting with PDCD4. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110529. [PMID: 37399609 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is an important pathological basis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The development of AS commences with endothelial dysfunction due to vascular endothelial cell injury. It is well documented that protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is highly related to cardiovascular events. BioGRID database analysis indicates that PRMT5 may interact with programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), which is reported to be involved in AS progression. This present research was formulated to elucidate the biological roles of PRMT5/PDCD4 in vascular endothelial cell injury during AS. In this current work, HUVECs were stimulated with 100 mg/L ox-LDL for 48 h to construct an in vitro AS model. Expression levels of PRMT5 and PDCD4 were analyzed by performing RT-qPCR and western blot. The viability and apoptosis of HUVECs were determined using CCK-8, flow cytometry and western blot assays. The status of oxidative stress and inflammation was assessed via commercial detection kits and ELISA assay, respectively. Besides, biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction were detected via commercial detection kit and western blot assay. In addition, the interacting relationship between PRMT5 and PDCD4 was verified by Co-IP assay. Highly expressed PRMT5 was observed in ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs. Knockdown of PRMT5 enhanced the viability and inhibited the apoptosis of ox-LDL-induced HUVECs as well as alleviated ox-LDL-triggered oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in HUVECs. PRMT5 interacted and bound with PDCD4. Furthermore, the enhancing effect on cell viability as well as the suppressing effects on cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction of PRMT5 knockdown in ox-LDL-induced HUVECs were partially abolished upon up-regulation of PDCD4. To conclude, down-regulation of PRMT5 might exert protective effects against vascular endothelial cell injury during AS by suppressing PDCD4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Fei
- Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Xuejiang Cen
- Cardiology Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ruochi Zhao
- Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Cardiology Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, PR China
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5
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Li FXZ, Liu JJ, Xu F, Shan SK, Zheng MH, Lei LM, Lin X, Guo B, Li CC, Wu F, Tang KX, Cao YC, Wu YY, Duan JY, Wu YL, He SY, Chen X, Yuan LQ. Cold exposure protects against medial arterial calcification development via autophagy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:226. [PMID: 37461031 PMCID: PMC10351118 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Medial arterial calcification (MAC), a systemic vascular disease different from atherosclerosis, is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Several studies have demonstrated that ambient temperature is one of the most important factors affecting cardiovascular events. However, there has been limited research on the effect of different ambient temperatures on MAC. In the present study, we showed that cold temperature exposure (CT) in mice slowed down the formation of vitamin D (VD)-induced vascular calcification compared with room temperature exposure (RT). To investigate the mechanism involved, we isolated plasma-derived exosomes from mice subjected to CT or RT for 30 days (CT-Exo or RT-Exo, respectively). Compared with RT-Exo, CT-Exo remarkably alleviated the calcification/senescence formation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and promoted autophagy by activating the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) and inhibiting phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR). At the same time, CT-Exo promoted autophagy in β-glycerophosphate (β-GP)-induced VSMCs. The number of autophagosomes and the expression of autophagy-related proteins ATG5 and LC3B increased, while the expression of p62 decreased. Based on a microRNA chip microarray assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction, miR-320a-3p was highly enriched in CT-Exo as well as thoracic aortic vessels in CT mice. miR-320a-3p downregulation in CT-Exo using AntagomiR-320a-3p inhibited autophagy and blunted its anti-calcification protective effect on VSMCs. Moreover, we identified that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a target of miR-320a-3p, and silencing PDCD4 increased autophagy and decreased calcification in VSMCs. Treatment with CT-Exo alleviated the formation of MAC in VD-treated mice, while these effects were partially reversed by GW4869. Furthermore, the anti-arterial calcification protective effects of CT-Exo were largely abolished by AntagomiR-320a-3p in VD-induced mice. In summary, we have highlighted that prolonged cold may be a good way to reduce the incidence of MAC. Specifically, miR-320a-3p from CT-Exo could protect against the initiation and progression of MAC via the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jun-Jie Liu
- Department of Periodontal Division, Hunan Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bei Guo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chang-Chun Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ye-Chi Cao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jia-Yue Duan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Si-Yang He
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Feng X, Cai Z, Gu Y, Mu T, Yu B, Ma R, Liu J, Wang C, Zhang J. Excavation and characterization of key circRNAs for milk fat percentage in Holstein cattle. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad157. [PMID: 37209411 PMCID: PMC10290504 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk fat percentage is one of the significant indicators governing the price and quality of milk and is regulated by a variety of non-coding RNAs. We used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques and bioinformatics approaches to explore potential candidate circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulating milk fat metabolism. After analysis, compared with low milk fat percentage (LMF) cows, 309 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in high milk fat percentage (HMF) cows. Functional enrichment and pathway analysis revealed that the main functions of the parental genes of differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs) were related to lipid metabolism. We selected four circRNAs (Novel_circ_0000856, Novel_circ_0011157, novel_circ_0011944, and Novel_circ_0018279) derived from parental genes related to lipid metabolism as key candidate DE-circRNAs. Their head-to-tail splicing was demonstrated by linear RNase R digestion experiments and Sanger sequencing. However, the tissue expression profiles showed that only Novel_circ_0000856, Novel_circ_0011157, and Novel_circ_0011944 were expressed with high abundance in breast tissue. Based on the subcellular localization found that Novel_circ_0000856, Novel_circ_0011157, and Novel_circ_0011944 mainly function as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in the cytoplasm. Therefore, we constructed their ceRNA regulatory networks, and the five hub target genes (CSF1, TET2, VDR, CD34, and MECP2) in ceRNAs were obtained by CytoHubba and MCODE plugins in Cytoscape, as well as tissue expression profiles analysis of target genes. These genes play a key role as important target genes in lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, and cellular autophagy. The Novel_circ_0000856, Novel_circ_0011157, and Novel_circ_0011944 regulate the expression of hub target genes through interaction with miRNAs and constitute key regulatory networks that may be involved in milk fat metabolism. The circRNAs obtained in this study may act as miRNA sponges and thus influence mammary gland development and lipid metabolism in cows, which improves our understanding of the role of circRNAs in cow lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Feng
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhengyun Cai
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yaling Gu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Tong Mu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Baojun Yu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Ruoshuang Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Chuanchuan Wang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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The mir-21 Inhibition Enhanced HUVEC Cellular Viability during Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury by Regulating PDCD4. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:9661940. [PMID: 35814945 PMCID: PMC9262501 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9661940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical value of altered plasma mir-21 expression level as a biomarker for the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its molecular impact on HUVEC cellular injuries. Angiographically validated 56 patients with single-vessel CAD disease, 92 patients with double-vessel CAD, 139 complex coronary artery stenosis patients, and 56 healthy individuals (
) were enrolled in this study. The expressions of plasma mir-21 were evidently and progressively higher while PDCD4 levels were significantly and steadily lower in single-, dual-, and multivessel occluded CAD patients than in healthy participants (
). The relative expressions of mir-21 in hypoxia-reoxygenation- (HR-) exposed HUVECs were markedly upregulated, but PDCD4 concentrations were obviously downregulated as compared with normal control cells (
). Moreover, altered circulatory mir-21 expression levels were able to significantly differentiate single- (AUC 0.893), double- (AUC 0.914), and multivessel stenosis CAD (AUC 0.933) patients from healthy subjects. Besides, the plasma mir-21 expressions in elderly (66-85 years) groups were remarkably higher than those in younger aged (25-45 years) subjects. Caspase-3 and ROS expression levels were remarkably elevated, but cellular viability noticeably declined in HR-induced HUVECs than in normoxic cells (
). In contrast, mir-21 inhibition markedly reduced caspase-3 activity and ROS concentrations while significantly ameliorating HUVEC cellular viability in HR conditions. PDCD4 expressions in HR-exposed HUVECs were prominently decreased whereas mir-21 inhibition significantly enhanced PDCD4 levels (
). Upregulated plasma mir-21 can be a valuable clinical biomarker for the detection of the severity of coronary artery stenosis patients. Elevated circulatory mir-21 concentrations have a positive correlation with aging. Inhibitory mir-21 evidently increased HUVEC cellular viability through upregulation of targeting PDCD4 and recommended a newer possible therapeutic molecule for the management of CAD patients.
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Florance I, Chandrasekaran N, Gopinath PM, Mukherjee A. Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics impairs lipid metabolism in human and murine macrophages in vitro. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113612. [PMID: 35561548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of polystyrene micro and nanoplastics in cosmetics and personal care products continues to grow every day. The harmful effects of their biological accumulation in organisms of all trophic levels including humans have been reported by several studies. While we have accumulating evidence on the impact of nanoplastics on different organ systems in humans, only a handful of reports on the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics upon direct contact with the immune system at the cellular level are avialable. The present study offers significant evidence on the cell-specific harmful impact of sulfate-modified nanoplastics (S-NPs) on human macrophages. Here we report that exposure of human macrophages to S-NPs (100 µg/mL) stimulated the accumulation of lipids droplets (LDs) in the cytoplasm resulting in the differentiation of macrophages into foam cells. The observed effect was specific for human and murine macrophages but not for other cell types, especially human keratinocytes, liver, and lung cell models. Furthermore, we found that S-NPs mediated LDs accumulation in human macrophages was accompanied by acute mitochondrial oxidative stress. The accumulated LDs were further delivered and accumulated into lysosomes leading to impaired lysosomal clearance. In conclusion, our study reveals that exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics stabilized with anionic surfactants can be a potent stimulus for dysregulation of lipid metabolism and macrophage foam cell formation, a characteristic feature observed during atherosclerosis posing a serious threat to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Florance
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India; School of Bioseciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ponnusamy Manogaran Gopinath
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India; School of Bioseciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
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Du X, Osoro EK, Chen Q, Yan X, Gao D, Wu L, Ren J, Feng L, Wu N, Lu K, Yang X, Zhong B, Han Y, Zhang F, Li D, Lan X, Lu S. Pdcd4 promotes lipid deposition by attenuating PPARα-mediated fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 545:111562. [PMID: 35051553 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. The involvement of programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) in inflammation and metabolic diseases has been widely reported. However, the precise regulatory role of Pdcd4 in hepatocytic lipid metabolism and NAFLD is not well known. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We established a high-fat diet-induced NAFLD (HFD-NAFLD) rat model and a free fatty acids (FFAs)-treated cell model, and analyzed the expression and distribution of PDCD4. The lentivirus for Pdcd4 knockout and the vector for Pdcd4 overexpression were used to alter Pdcd4 expression in BRL 3A cells. Thereafter, lipid accumulation, FA metabolic gene expression, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Pparα)-dependent peroxisomal β-oxidation-related gene expression, especially that of the critical transcription factors and enzymes acyl-CoA oxidases 1-3 (Acox1-3), were detected both at the mRNA and protein levels. RESULTS PDCD4 expression increased and it was mainly distributed in hepatocyte nuclei of the HFD-NAFLD rats. as well as the FFAs-treated CBRH-7919 and BRL 3A cell lines. Pdcd4 knockout significantly suppressed FFAs-induced lipid accumulation, and Pdcd4 overexpression accelerated FFAs-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Mechanistically, Pdcd4 negatively regulated the expression Pparα and Acox1-3. In addition, rescue experiments confirmed that Pparα knockdown could attenuate the expression of Acox1-3 in Pdcd4 knockout cells, which ultimately restored lipid deposition to normal levels. PPARα expression decreased in the liver of the HFD-NAFLD rats. The enrichment of PDCD4 in hepatocyte nuclei correlated with lower PPARα expression after FFAs treatment in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the abundance of PDCD4 under high-fat conditions facilitates hepatocellular lipid accumulation by decreasing PPARα-dependent FA peroxisomal β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ezra Kombo Osoro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Litao Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Kaikai Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Fujun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, China.
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10
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A novel therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis: autophagy-dependent cholesterol efflux. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:557-572. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Florance I, Ramasubbu S, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N. Polystyrene nanoplastics dysregulate lipid metabolism in murine macrophages in vitro. Toxicology 2021; 458:152850. [PMID: 34217793 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Micro and nanoplastics are one of the major emerging environmental contaminants. Their impact on human health is less explored. There are several in vitro studies on their cellular uptake and accumulation, where micro and nanoplastics were mostly reported to be non-cytotoxic. The effects caused by the direct contact of nanoplastics with the immune system, especially at the cellular level is less known. Here we report that RAW 264.7 macrophages undergo differentiation into lipid laden foam cells when exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (50 μg/mL). We found that exposure of RAW 264.7 macrophages to sulfate-modified polystyrene nanoplastics results in the accumulation of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm leading to foam cell formation. Exposure to high concentration of polystyrene nanoplastics (100 and 200 μg/mL) results in increased reactive oxygen species and impair lysosomes in macrophages. The exposure of BV2 microglial cells to polystyrene nanoplastics (50 μg/mL) induces lipid accumulation. In addition, our results indicate the role of polystyrene nanoplastics in altering the lipid metabolism in murine macrophages in vitro. In the present study we reported that polystyrene nanoplastics stabilized with anionic surfactants can be potent stimuli for lipotoxicity and foam cell formation leading to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis posing major threat for animal and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Florance
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Seenivasan Ramasubbu
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Tao J, Yang P, Xie L, Pu Y, Guo J, Jiao J, Sun L, Lu D. Gastrodin induces lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy to prevent the formation of foam cells via AMPK-FoxO1-TFEB signalling axis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5769-5781. [PMID: 33973365 PMCID: PMC8184689 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal accumulation of lipids and massive deposition of foam cells is a primary event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy and lysosomal function of atherosclerotic macrophages are impaired, which exacerbates the accumulation of lipid in macrophages and formation of foam cells. Gastrodin, a major active component of Gastrodia elata Bl., has exerted a protective effect on nervous system, but the effect of gastrodin on atherosclerotic vascular disease remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effect of gastrodin on autophagy and lysosomal function of foam cells and explored the mechanism underlying gastrodin's effect on the formation of foam cells. In an in vitro foam cell model constructed by incubating macrophages with oxygenized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), our results showed that lysosomal function and autophagy of foam cells were compromised. Gastrodin restored lysosomal function and autophagic activity via the induction of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy. The restoration of lysosomal function and autophagic activity enhanced cholesterol efflux from macrophages, therefore, reducing lipid accumulation and preventing formation of foam cells. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was activated by gastrodin to promote phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), subsequently resulting in increased transcription factor EB (TFEB) expression. TFEB was activated by gastrodin to promote lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy. Our study revealed that the effect of gastrodin on foam cell formation and that induction of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy of foam cells through AMPK-FoxO1-TFEB signalling axis may be a novel therapeutic target of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tao
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liqiu Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuwei Pu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiazhi Guo
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianlin Jiao
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Di Lu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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13
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Role of macrophage autophagy in atherosclerosis: modulation by bioactive compounds. Biochem J 2021; 478:1359-1375. [PMID: 33861844 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with lipid metabolism disorder. Autophagy is a catabolic process and contributes to maintaining cellular homeostasis. Substantial evidence suggests that defective autophagy is implicated in several diseases, including atherosclerosis, while increased autophagy mitigates atherosclerosis development. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of autophagy regulation and its association with atherosclerosis is vital to develop new therapies against atherosclerosis. Dietary bioactive compounds are non-nutrient natural compounds that include phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids. Importantly, these bioactive compounds possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties that may alleviate various chronic diseases. Recently, examining the effects of bioactive compounds on autophagy activity in atherogenesis has drawn considerable attention. The current review discusses the role of macrophage autophagy in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. We also summarize our current knowledge of the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds on atherosclerosis and autophagy.
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14
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Osoro EK, Du X, Liang D, Lan X, Farooq R, Huang F, Zhu W, Ren J, Sadiq M, Tian L, Yang X, Li D, Lu S. Induction of PDCD4 by albumin in proximal tubule epithelial cells potentiates proteinuria-induced dysfunctional autophagy by negatively targeting Atg5. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:617-628. [PMID: 33831322 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2021-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise molecular mechanism of autophagy dysfunction in type 1 diabetes is not known. Herein, the role of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in autophagy regulation in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in vivo and in vitro was described. It was found that Pdcd4 mRNA and protein was upregulated in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DKD rats. In addition, a unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model displayed an upregulation of PDCD4 in the disease group. kidney biopsy samples of human DKD patients showed an upregulation of PDCD4. Furthermore, western blotting of the STZ-induced DKD rat tissues displayed a low microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II, as compared to the control. It was found that albumin overload in cultured PTEC could upregulate the expression of PDCD4 and p62, and decrease the expression of LC3-II and autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) proteins. The knockout of Pdcd4 in cultured PTECs could lessen albumin-induced dysfunctional autophagy as evidenced by the recovery of Atg5 and LC3-II protein. The forced expression of PDCD4 could further suppress the expression of crucial autophagy-related gene Atg5. Herein, endogenous PDCD4 was shown to promote proteinuria-induced dysfunctional autophagy by negatively regulating Atg5. PDCD4 might therefore be a potential therapeutic target in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra Kombo Osoro
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Dong Liang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Xi Lan
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Riaz Farooq
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Fumeng Huang
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Jiajun Ren
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Muhammad Sadiq
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Lifang Tian
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Xudong Yang
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Dongmin Li
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Shemin Lu
- Xian Jiaotong University, 12480, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Jiaotong University, 12480, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China;
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15
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Liu L, Feng Y, Hu S, Li H, Li Y, Ke J, Long X. PDCD4 suppresses autophagy and promotes apoptosis via Akt in chondrocytes of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Oral Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM) School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Yaping Feng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM) School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Shiyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM) School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Huimin Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM) School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Yanyan Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM) School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Jin Ke
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM) School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Xing Long
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei Province China
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16
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Yu Q, Li Q, Yang X, Liu Q, Deng J, Zhao Y, Hu R, Dai M. Dexmedetomidine suppresses the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm by downregulating the mircoRNA‑21/PDCD 4 axis. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:90. [PMID: 33786608 PMCID: PMC8029612 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a pathological state with permanent dilation, which indicates a fatal potential for aortic rupture. It has been reported that dexmedetomidine (Dex) and microRNA (miR)-21 are involved in the progression of AAA. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the joint effects of these factors on AAA treatment. For this purpose, rat models of AAA were established with enzyme perfusion and the rats were then injected with Dex. Alterations in the abdominal aorta in rats with AAA were recorded. miR-21 expression in the rats with AAA was determined. Inflammatory factor expression was detected by western blot analysis. Subsequently, a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the targeting association between miR-21 and programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4). Additionally, AAA-related indices and inflammatory responses were examined by an injection of a combination of antagomiR (ant)-miR-21 and Dex or lentivirus-PDCD4-short hairpin RNA. It was found that Dex markedly alleviated the development of AAA and downregulated the expression of inflammatory factors and matrix metalloproteinase in rats with AAA. The high expression of miR-21, which targets PDCD4, was observed in the rats with AAA. However, ant-miR-21 induced AAA development and inflammatory responses. Additionally, the inhibition of PDCD4 reduced AAA development and inflammatory responses. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that Dex inhibits AAA development by downregulating the miR-21/PCDP4 axis. The findings of the present study may provide novel insight for the treatment of AAA. These findings may provide a reference for the future treatment of AAA and may provide theoretical guidance for the early prevention and development of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinglong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ruilin Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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17
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Jing X, Ren D, Gao F, Chen Y, Wu X, Han Y, Han Q, Li L, Wang X, Tang W, Zhang Y. Gene deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of PDCD4-mediated FGR signaling protects against acute kidney injury. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:394-405. [PMID: 33643819 PMCID: PMC7893143 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) modulates distinct signal transduction pathways in different pathological conditions. Despite acute and chronic immune responses elicited by ischemia contributing to the functional deterioration of the kidney, the contributions and mechanisms of PDCD4 in acute kidney injury (AKI) have remained unclear. Using two murine AKI models including renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and cisplatin-induced AKI, we found that PDCD4 deficiency markedly ameliorated renal dysfunction and inflammatory responses in AKI mice. Consistently, upregulation of PDCD4 was also confirmed in the kidneys from patients with biopsy confirmed acute tubular necrosis from a retrospective cohort study. Moreover, we found that overexpression of Fgr, a member of the tyrosine kinase family, dramatically aggravated renal injury and counteracted the protective effects of PDCD4 deficiency in AKI mice. We discovered that FGR upregulated NOTCH1 expression through activating STAT3. Most importantly, we further found that systemic administration of ponatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, significantly ameliorated AKI in mice. In summary, we identified that PDCD4 served as an important regulator, at least in part, of FGR/NOTCH1-mediated tubular apoptosis and inflammation in AKI mice. Furthermore, our findings suggest that ponatinib-mediated pharmacologic targeting of this pathway had therapeutic potential for mitigating AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Dandan Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Chengda Biology Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110179, China
| | - Fei Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yue Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qingsheng Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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18
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Lipophagy in atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:208-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Xia X, Hu T, He J, Xu Q, Yu C, Liu X, Shao Z, Liao Y, Huang H, Liu N. USP10 deletion inhibits macrophage-derived foam cell formation and cellular-oxidized low density lipoprotein uptake by promoting the degradation of CD36. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22892-22905. [PMID: 33197885 PMCID: PMC7746336 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Foam cell formation process is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). Activation of this biological process depends on lipid uptake by scavenger receptors, such as CD36, SR-A and SR-B1. Among these receptors, CD36 is the principal one because it dominates roughly 50% lipid uptake in monocytes. In this study, our western blotting and RT-qPCR assays revealed that USP10 inhibition promotes the degradation of CD36 protein but does not change its mRNA level. In addition, Co-IP results showed that USP10 interacts with CD36 and stabilizes CD36 protein by cleaving poly-ubiquitin on CD36. Significantly, USP10 promotes foam cell formation. Immunofluorescence and Oil red O staining assays show that inhibition or knockdown of USP10 suppresses lipid uptake and foam cell formation by macrophages. In conclusion, USP10 promotes the development and progression of atherosclerosis through stabilizing CD36 protein expression. The regulation of USP10-CD36 may provide a significant therapeutic scheme in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xia
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tumei Hu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinchan He
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuifu Yu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenlong Shao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuning Liao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbiao Huang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Programmed cell death 4 modulates lysosomal function by inhibiting TFEB translation. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:1237-1250. [PMID: 33100324 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. The post-translational phosphorylation modulations of TFEB by mTOR and ERK signaling can determine its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and activity in response to nutrient availability. However, regulations of TFEB at translational level are rarely known. Here, we found that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a tumor suppressor, decreased levels of nuclear TFEB to inhibit lysosome biogenesis and function. Mechanistically, PDCD4 reduces global pool of TFEB by suppressing TFEB translation in an eIF4A-dependent manner, rather than influencing mTOR- and ERK2-dependnet TFEB nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Both of MA3 domains within PDCD4 are required for TFEB translation inhibition. Furthermore, TFEB is required for PDCD4-mediated lysosomal function suppression. In the tumor microenvironment, PDCD4 deficiency promotes the anti-tumor effect of macrophage via enhancing TFEB expression. Our research reveals a novel PDCD4-dependent TFEB translational regulation and supports PDCD4 as a potential therapeutic target for lysosome dysfunction related diseases.
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Overexpression of MicroRNA-16 Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Inhibition of Inflammatory Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8504238. [PMID: 32775445 PMCID: PMC7391121 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8504238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of miR-16 was downregulated in the cell and animal models of atherosclerosis (AS), a main contributor to coronary artery disease (CAD). Overexpression of miR-16 inhibited the formation of foam cells by exerting anti-inflammatory roles. These findings indicated miR-16 may be an anti-atherogenic and CAD miRNA. The goal of this study was to further validate the expression of miR-16 in CAD patients and explore its therapeutic roles in an AS animal model. Methods A total of 40 CAD patients and 40 non-CAD people were prospectively registered in our study. The AS model was established in ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet. The model mice were randomly treated with miR-16 agomiR (n = 10) or miR-negative control (n = 10). Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted for histopathological examination in thoracic aorta samples. ELISA and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-10, and TGF-β). qRT-PCR and western blotting were carried out to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of PDCD4, miR-16, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway-related genes. Results Compared with the normal control, miR-16 was downregulated in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell of CAD patients, and its expression level was negatively associated with IL-6 and the severity of CAD evaluated by the Gensini score, but positively related with IL-10. Injection of miR-16 agomiR in ApoE-/- mice reduced the formation of atherosclerotic plaque and suppressed the accumulation of proinflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-1β) in the plasma and tissues but promoted the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and TGF-β). Mechanism analysis showed overexpression of miR-16 might downregulate target mRNA PDCD4 and then activate p38 and ERK1/2, but inactivate the JNK pathway. Conclusions Our findings suggest miR-16 may be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for atherosclerotic CAD.
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Patient hiPSCs Identify Vascular Smooth Muscle Arylacetamide Deacetylase as Protective against Atherosclerosis. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 27:147-157.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Fatahian A, Haftcheshmeh SM, Azhdari S, Farshchi HK, Nikfar B, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. Promising Anti-atherosclerotic Effect of Berberine: Evidence from In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Studies. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:83-110. [PMID: 32789786 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of plasma cholesterol, impaired vascular wall, and presence of inflammatory macrophages are important atherogenic risk factors contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression. The interventions modulating these risk factors have been found to protect against atherosclerosis development and to decrease atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disorders. Nutritional approaches involving supplements followed by improving dietary habits and lifestyle have become growingly attractive and acceptable methods used to control atherosclerosis risk factors, mainly high levels of plasma cholesterol. There are a large number of studies that show berberine, a plant bioactive compound, could ameliorate atherosclerosis-related risk factors. In the present literature review, we put together this studies and provide integrated evidence that exhibits berberine has the potential atheroprotective effect through reducing increased levels of plasma cholesterol, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-C) via LDL receptor (LDLR)-dependent and LDL receptor-independent mechanisms, inhibiting migration and inflammatory activity of macrophages, improving the functionality of endothelial cells via anti-oxidant activities, and suppressing proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. In conclusion, berberine can exert inhibitory effects on the atherosclerotic plaque development mainly through LDL-lowering activity and suppressing atherogenic functions of mentioned cells. As the second achievement of this review, among the signaling pathways through which berberine regulates intracellular processes, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a central and critical role, showing that enhancing activity of AMPK pathway can be considered as a promising therapeutic approach for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Fatahian
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Sara Azhdari
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Helaleh Kaboli Farshchi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Nikfar
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Halal research center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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The Protective Effect of Bosentan against Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Is Mediated by miRNA-21. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:8348430. [PMID: 31886257 PMCID: PMC6915145 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8348430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an independent risk factor for plaque instability and is associated with endothelial cell function. Here, we investigated the role of endothelial cell function in the calcification of atherosclerotic plaques. We hypothesized that atherosclerosis would be associated with endothelial dysfunction and that bosentan (Tracleer®), a dual endothelin-receptor antagonist, would preserve endothelial cell function in an apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mouse model of atherosclerosis. Accordingly, 4-6-week-old ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated with bosentan, and the effects of this treatment on body weight and blood lipid concentrations was evaluated. Endothelial damage in the aortic arch was assessed immunohistochemically to detect the proapoptotic proteins PDCD4, caspase-3, and Bax and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Notably, bosentan treatment was associated with decreased concentrations of these proteins and of blood lipids in ApoE-/- mice. Consistent with these findings, we observed increased concentrations of miRNA-21 and PDCD4 mRNA expression in the aortic arch endothelium after bosentan treatment. We conclude that bosentan can prevent endothelial cell death and protect against atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice by upregulating miRNA-21.
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25
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Cao H, Jia Q, Yan L, Chen C, Xing S, Shen D. Quercetin Suppresses the Progression of Atherosclerosis by Regulating MST1-Mediated Autophagy in ox-LDL-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophage Foam Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236093. [PMID: 31816893 PMCID: PMC6928812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the process by which quercetin suppresses atherosclerosis by upregulating MST1-mediated autophagy in RAW264.7 macrophages. Methods: An in vitro foam cell model was established by culturing RAW264.7 macrophages with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). The cells were treated with quercetin alone or in combination with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, and autophagy agonist, rapamycin. Cell viability was detected with a CCK-8 kit. Lipid accumulation was detected by oil red O staining, senescence was detected by SA-β-gal (senescence-associated β-galactosidase) staining, reactive oxygen species were detected by ROS assay kit. Autophagosomes and mitochondria were detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM), and expression of MST1, LC3-II/I, Beclin1, Bcl-2, P21, and P16 were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Results: Ox-LDL induced RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cell formation, reduced survival, aggravated cell lipid accumulation, and induced a senescence phenotype. This was accompanied by decreased formation of autophagosome; increased expression of P53, P21, and P16; and decreased expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin1. After intervention with quercetin, the cell survival rate was increased, and lipid accumulation and senescence phenotype were reduced. Furthermore, the expression of LC3-II/I and Beclin1 were increased, which was consistent with the ability of quercetin to promote autophagy. Ox-LDL also increased the expression of MST1, and this increase was blocked by quercetin, which provided a potential mechanism by which quercetin may protect foam cells against age-related detrimental effects. Conclusion: Quercetin can inhibit the formation of foam cells induced by ox-LDL and delay senescence. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of MST1-mediated autophagy of RAW264.7 cells.
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26
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Jia Q, Cao H, Shen D, Yan L, Chen C, Xing S. Fisetin, via CKIP-1/REGγ, limits oxidized LDL-induced lipid accumulation and senescence in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Guerrini V, Gennaro ML. Foam Cells: One Size Doesn't Fit All. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:1163-1179. [PMID: 31732284 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in many infectious and metabolic diseases, and some cancers, is accompanied by the presence of foam cells. These cells form when the intracellular lipid content of macrophages exceeds their capacity to maintain lipid homeostasis. Concurrently, critical macrophage immune functions are diminished. Current paradigms of foam cell formation derive from studies of atherosclerosis. However, recent studies indicate that the mechanisms of foam cell biogenesis during tuberculosis differ from those operating during atherogenesis. Here, we review how foam cell formation and function vary with disease context. Since foam cells are therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis, further research on the disease-specific mechanisms of foam cell biogenesis and function is needed to explore the therapeutic consequences of targeting these cells in other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Guerrini
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Maria Laura Gennaro
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
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28
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Zhao M, Zhu N, Hao F, Song Y, Wang Z, Ni Y, Ding L. The Regulatory Role of Non-coding RNAs on Programmed Cell Death Four in Inflammation and Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:919. [PMID: 31620370 PMCID: PMC6759660 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a tumor suppressor gene implicated in many cellular functions, including transcription, translation, apoptosis, and the modulation of different signal transduction pathways. The downstream mechanisms of PDCD4 have been well-discussed, but its upstream regulators have not been systematically summarized. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are gene transcripts with no protein-coding potential but play a pivotal role in the regulation of the pathogenesis of solid tumors, cardiac injury, and inflamed tissue. In recent studies, many ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), were found to interact with PDCD4 to manipulate its expression through transcriptional regulation and function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. For example, miR-21, as a classic oncogene, was identified as the key regulator of PDCD4 by targeting its 3′-untranslated region (UTR) to promote tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion in colon, breast, and bladder carcinoma. Therefore, we reviewed the recently emerging pleiotropic regulation of PDCD4 by ncRNAs in cancer and inflammatory disorders and aimed to shed light on the mechanisms of associated diseases, which could be conducive to the development of novel treatment strategies for PDCD4-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiang Zhao
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nisha Zhu
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengyao Hao
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Jiang Y, Gao Q, Wang LY, Ma T, Zhu FL, Wang Q, Gao F, Guo C, Zhang LN. Deficiency of programmed cell death 4 affects the balance of T cell subsets in hyperlipidemic mice. Mol Immunol 2019; 112:387-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Li S, Gao G, Wu F, Liu D, Zhao H, Ke J, Liu Y, Li F, Li J, Chen Z, Tang Z, Bai L, Zhang J, Zheng W, Chen X. Programmed cell death protein 4 deficiency suppresses foam cell formation by activating autophagy in advanced glycation end-product low-density lipoprotein-induced macrophages. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7689-7700. [PMID: 30426537 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end-product is a modified form of low-density lipoprotein (AGE-LDL) and accelerates atherosclerosis through undefined mechanisms. Programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4), a transcriptional regulator, plays an important role in the regulation of autophagy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of PDCD4 involved in AGE-LDL-induced foam cell formation. METHODS The characterization of AGE-LDL was measured by the thiobarbituric assay and agarose gel electrophoresis in vitro. RAW264.7, THP-1 cell line and primary peritoneal macrophages of mice were transfected with shPDCD4 plasmid AGE-LDL-induced foam cell formation was stained by Oil Red, and the levels of autophagy and apoptosis were determined by Western blot analysis. Autophagosome was observed with immunofluorescence microscopy. Mitochondrial membrane potential and autophagic flux were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS AGE modification resulted in significant reduction of absorbance shown by thiobarbituric assay and augmentation of electrophoresis mobility. Further studies suggest that macrophages exposed AGE-LDL triggered autophagy in the early stage of foam cell formation. PDCD4 deficiency enhanced lipoautophagy but inhibited apoptosis and mitochondria dysfunction. Previous studies have been reported that autophagy is an adaptive response might prevent lesional macrophage apoptosis. In our study, we found PDCD4 deficiency attenuated apoptosis and AGE-LDL-induced foam cell formation relied on increased autophagy. CONCLUSION Our data revealed that PDCD4 deficiency can facilitate autophagy and benefit for AGE-LDL-induced foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Guangdong Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Fuyun Wu
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing Ke
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zongyun Chen
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhiming Tang
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lei Bai
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jinxuan Zhang
- Department of biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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31
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Gao Y, Li H, Zhou Y, Lv H, Chen Y. PDCD4 expression in coronary atherosclerosis rat models and its mechanism. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3150-3154. [PMID: 30936987 PMCID: PMC6434255 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the expression of programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) in rat models of coronary atherosclerosis (AS) and analyzed its role and mechanism. A total of 80 Wistar rats were selected and divided into the control group (n=40) and research group (n=40) according to the principle of similar body weight, of which coronary AS models were established in rats in the research group. PDCD4 expression in coronary artery tissues was detected using western blotting, and the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 in the coronary artery tissues were measured by means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The apoptotic rate of coronary artery smooth muscle cells was determined via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The relative expression of PDCD4 in coronary artery tissues in the research group was obviously higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.121, P<0.01). In terms of the relative expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of IL-6 in the coronary artery tissues, the research group had a remarkably higher level than the control group, with a statistically significant difference (t=21.03, P<0.01). The difference in the relative expression of IL-8 mRNA between the research group and the control group was statistically significant, of which a much higher level was detected in the research group (t=19.96, P<0.01). The apoptotic rate of smooth muscle cells in the research group was increased notably compared with that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=5.985, P<0.01). PDCD4 may participate in the formation of coronary AS plaque, and its possible function in the process is to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and promote the upregulation of IL-6 and IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Yanchun Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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Khawar MB, Gao H, Li W. Autophagy and Lipid Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1206:359-374. [PMID: 31776994 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-0602-4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process that delivers intracellular proteins and organelles to the lysosome for degradation and recycling. Evidences over the past decades have proved that autophagy participates in cell fate decision and also plays a key role in regulating cellular energy and nutrient stores. Lipid droplets (LDs) are the main lipid storage form in living organisms. The process of autophagic degradation of LDs is referred to lipophagy or macrolipophagy. Lipophagy is not only indispensable for the cellular lipid metabolism but also closely associated with several metabolic disorders such as obesity, hepatic steatosis, atherosclerosis, and so on. Here, we summarize recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of lipophagy regulation and the emerging roles of lipophagy in various biological processes and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Babar Khawar
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Rapamycin and FTY720 Alleviate Atherosclerosis by Cross Talk of Macrophage Polarization and Autophagy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1010248. [PMID: 30627532 PMCID: PMC6304528 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Foam cell formation and macrophage polarization are involved in the pathologic development of atherosclerosis, one of the most important human diseases affecting large and medium artery walls. This study was designed to assess the effects of rapamycin and FTY720 (fingolimod) on macrophages and foam cells. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were collected and treated with rapamycin and FTY720 to study autophagy, polarization, and lipid accumulation. Next, foam cells were formed by oxidizing low-density lipoprotein to observe changes in lipid accumulation, autophagy, and polarization in rapamycin-treated or FTY720-treated foam cells. Lastly, foam cells that had been treated with rapamycin and FTY720 were evaluated for sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1prs) expression. Autophagy microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3- (LC3-) II was increased, and classically activated macrophage phenotype markers interleukin- (IL-) 6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were increased, whereas alternatively activated macrophage phenotype markers transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β, arginase 1 (Arg1), and mannose receptor C-type 1 (Mrc1) were decreased by rapamycin in peritoneal macrophages. LC3-II was also obviously enhanced, though polarization markers were unchanged in rapamycin-treated foam cells. Moreover, lipid accumulation was inhibited in rapamycin-treated macrophage cells but was unchanged in rapamycin-treated foam cells. For FTY720, LC3-II did not change, whereas TGF-β, Arg1 and Mrc1 were augmented, and IL-6 was suppressed in macrophages. However, LC3-II was increased, and TGF-β, ARG1 and MRC1 were strikingly augmented, whereas IL-6, COX2 and iNOS could be suppressed in foam cells. Furthermore, lipid accumulation was alleviated in FTY720-treated foam cells. Additionally, S1pr1 was markedly decreased in foam cells (P < .05); S1pr2, S1pr3, S1pr4 and S1pr5 were unchanged in rapamycin-treated foam cells. In FTY720-treated foam cells, S1pr3 and S1pr4 were decreased, and S1pr1, S1pr2 and S1pr5 were unchanged. Therefore, we deduced that rapamycin stimulated classically activated macrophages and supressed early atherosclerosis. Rapamycin may also stabilize artery plaques by preventing apoptosis and S1PR1 in advanced atherosclerosis. FTY720 allowed transformation of foam cells into alternatively activated macrophages through the autophagy pathway to alleviate advanced atherosclerosis.
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Xu X, Chen Y, Xu Z, Liang X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Ni Y, Liu H, Li G. MiR-21 suppresses ox-LDL-induced HUVECs apoptosis by targeting PDCD4. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:10075-10084. [PMID: 31966898 PMCID: PMC6965965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) on ox-LDL-induced HUVECs apoptosis. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of HUVECs. Quantitative RT-PCR was conducted to quantify the expression of miR-21. Western blotting was used to determine protein expression. Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining was adopted to detect cell apoptosis. We found that ox-LD significantly induced HUVECs apoptosis and reduced miR-21 expression. MiR-21 mimic attenuated the apoptosis of HUVECs under ox-LDL treatment compared with the NC groups while miR-21 inhibitors promoted that of HUVECs. MiR-21 directly targeted PDCD4 in HUVECs. Moreover, miR-21 significantly regulated the downstream apoptotic proteins like bax, bad, bcl-2 and caspase3, meanwhile it enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Yanping Ni
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin, China
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Shuang Y, Zhou X, Li C, Huang Y, Zhang L. MicroRNA‑503 serves an oncogenic role in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via targeting programmed cell death protein 4. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5249-5256. [PMID: 28849168 PMCID: PMC5647079 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), the most common form of laryngeal carcinoma, is an aggressive malignancy that demonstrates the second highest rate of morbidity of all head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. The abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRs) has been demonstrated in a number of types of human cancer, and they have been demonstrated to be oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes. miR-503 has been studied in various types of human cancer; however, the expression level, roles and underlying mechanisms in LSCC remain unknown. In the present study, it was demonstrated that miR-503 was significantly upregulated in LSCC tissues and cell lines. The level of miR-503 in LSCC tissues was correlated with thyroid cartilage invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumour, node and metastasis stage. In addition, down-regulation of miR-503 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in LSCC. Programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) was identified to be a direct target gene of miR-503. PDCD4 overexpression could mimic the roles of miR-503 underexpression in LSCC. Furthermore, PDCD4 was down-regulated in LSCC tissues and this correlated with the miR-503 expression level. In conclusion, these results suggested that miR-503 promotes tumour growth and invasion by directly targeting PDCD4. The identification of the miR-503/PDCD4 axis may provide novel targets for LSCC treatment and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shuang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Yongwang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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Han XB, Li HX, Jiang YQ, Wang H, Li XS, Kou JY, Zheng YH, Liu ZN, Li H, Li J, Dou D, Wang Y, Tian Y, Yang LM. Upconversion nanoparticle-mediated photodynamic therapy induces autophagy and cholesterol efflux of macrophage-derived foam cells via ROS generation. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2864. [PMID: 28594401 PMCID: PMC5520901 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage-derived foam cells are a major component of atherosclerotic plaques and have an important role in the progression of atherosclerotic plaques, thus posing a great threat to human health. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the effect of PDT mediated by upconversion fluorescent nanoparticles encapsulating chlorin e6 (UCNPs-Ce6) on the cholesterol efflux of THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and explored the possible mechanism of this effect. First, we found that PDT notably enhanced the cholesterol efflux and the induction of autophagy in both THP-1 and peritoneal macrophage-derived foam cells. The autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and an ATG5 siRNA significantly attenuated PDT-induced autophagy, which subsequently suppressed the ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux. Furthermore, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by PDT were responsible for the induction of autophagy, which could be blocked by the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). NAC also reversed the PDT-induced suppression of p-mTOR and p-Akt. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that PDT promotes cholesterol efflux by inducing autophagy, and the autophagy was mediated in part through the ROS/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in THP-1 and peritoneal macrophage-derived foam cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo B Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongxia X Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yueqing Q Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuesong S Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiayuan Y Kou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinghong H Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongni N Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Electron Microscopic Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dou Dou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - You Wang
- Materials Physics and Chemistry Department, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liming M Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Sahebkar A, Watts GF. Mode of action of berberine on lipid metabolism: a new-old phytochemical with clinical applications? Curr Opin Lipidol 2017; 28:282-283. [PMID: 28459766 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sahebkar
- aBiotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran bSchool of Medicine, University of Western Australia cLipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Berberine-sonodynamic therapy induces autophagy and lipid unloading in macrophage. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2558. [PMID: 28102849 PMCID: PMC5386349 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Impaired autophagy in macrophages accompanies the progression of atherosclerosis and contributes to lipid loading in plaques and ineffective lipid degradation. Therefore, evoking autophagy and its associated cholesterol efflux may provide a therapeutic treatment for atherosclerosis. In the present study, berberine-mediated sonodynamic therapy (BBR-SDT) was used to induce autophagy and cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophages and derived foam cells. Following BBR-SDT, autophagy was increased in the macrophages, autophagy resistance in the foam cells was prevented, and cholesterol efflux was induced. The first two effects were blocked by the reactive oxygen species scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine. BBR-SDT also reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR, two key molecules in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which is responsible for inducing autophagy. Correspondingly, treatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, or the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, abolished the autophagy-induced effects of BBR-SDT. Furthermore, induction of cholesterol efflux by BBR-SDT was reversed by an inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine or by a small interfering RNA targeting Atg5. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BBR-SDT effectively promotes cholesterol efflux by increasing reactive oxygen species generation, and this subsequently induces autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in both ‘normal' macrophages and lipid-loaded macrophages (foam cells). Thus, BBR-SDT may be a promising atheroprotective therapy to inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis and should be further studied.
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Li X, Zhang X, Zheng L, Kou J, Zhong Z, Jiang Y, Wang W, Dong Z, Liu Z, Han X, Li J, Tian Y, Zhao Y, Yang L. Hypericin-mediated sonodynamic therapy induces autophagy and decreases lipids in THP-1 macrophage by promoting ROS-dependent nuclear translocation of TFEB. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2527. [PMID: 28005078 PMCID: PMC5260986 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipid catabolism disorder is the primary cause of atherosclerosis. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) prevents atherosclerosis by activating macrophage autophagy to promote lipid degradation. Hypericin-mediated sonodynamic therapy (HY-SDT) has been proved non-invasively inducing THP-1-derived macrophage apoptosis; however, it is unknown whether macrophage autophagy could be triggered by HY-SDT to influence cellular lipid catabolism via regulating TFEB. Here, we report that HY-SDT resulted in the time-dependent THP-1-derived macrophage autophagy activation through AMPK/AKT/mTOR pathway. Besides, TFEB nuclear translocation in macrophage was triggered by HY-SDT to promote autophagy activation and lysosome regeneration which enhanced lipid degradation in response to atherogenic lipid stressors. Moreover, following HY-SDT, the ABCA1 expression level was increased to promote lipid efflux in macrophage, and the expression levels of CD36 and SR-A were decreased to inhibit lipid uptake, both of which were prevented by TFEB knockdown. These results indicated that TFEB nuclear translocation activated by HY-SDT was not only the key regulator of autophagy activation and lysosome regeneration in macrophage to promote lipolysis, but also had a crucial role in reverse cholesterol transporters to decrease lipid uptake and increase lipid efflux. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were adequately generated in macrophage by HY-SDT. Further, ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine abolished HY-SDT-induced TFEB nuclear translocation and autophagy activation, implying that ROS were the primary upstream factors responsible for these effects during HY-SDT. In summary, our data indicate that HY-SDT decreases lipid content in macrophage by promoting ROS-dependent nuclear translocation of TFEB to influence consequent autophagy activation and cholesterol transporters. Thus, HY-SDT may be beneficial for atherosclerosis via TFEB regulation to ameliorate lipid overload in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Longbin Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiayuan Kou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yueqing Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zengxiang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongni Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaobo Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Electron Microscopic Center, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liming Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Systemic application of 3-methyladenine markedly inhibited atherosclerotic lesion in ApoE -/- mice by modulating autophagy, foam cell formation and immune-negative molecules. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2498. [PMID: 27906187 PMCID: PMC5260998 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence demonstrates that autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved intracellular degradation process, is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and has become a potential therapeutic target. Here we tested the effect of two inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-chromone (LY294002), commonly used as inhibitors of autophagy, in atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E−/− mice. Systemic application of 3-MA but not LY294002 markedly reduced the size of atherosclerotic plaque and increased the stability of lesions in high-fat diet-fed mice as compared with controls. Furthermore, 3-MA had multiple atheroprotective effects, including modulating macrophage autophagy and foam cell formation and altering the immune microenvironment. Long-term treatment with 3-MA promoted oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced macrophage autophagy and suppressed foam cell formation and cell viability in vitro. Furthermore, systemic application of 3-MA promoted lipid droplet breakdown and decreased apoptosis, most likely associated with autophagy. 3-MA treatment strikingly enhanced the expression of immune-negative molecules such as interleukin 10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor β and IL-35, as well as forkhead box P3 (Foxp3), the specific transcriptional factor for regulatory T cells, but did not affect the level of proinflammatory cytokines in the arterial wall. We provide strong evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of 3-MA in inhibiting atherosclerosis development and improving plaque stability.
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miR-155 Regulated Inflammation Response by the SOCS1-STAT3-PDCD4 Axis in Atherogenesis. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:8060182. [PMID: 27843203 PMCID: PMC5098093 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8060182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation response plays a critical role in all phases of atherosclerosis (AS). Increased evidence has demonstrated that miR-155 mediates inflammatory mediators in macrophages to promote plaque formation and rupture. However, the precise mechanism of miR-155 remains unclear in AS. Here, we also found that miR-155 and PDCD4 were elevated in the aortic tissue of atherosclerotic mice and ox-LDL treated RAW264.7 cells. Further studies showed that miR-155 not only directly inhibited SOCS1 expression, but also increased the expression of p-STAT and PDCD4, as well as the production of proinflammation mediators IL-6 and TNF-α. Downregulation of miR-155 and PDCD4 and upregulation of SOCS1 obviously decreased the IL-6 and TNF-α expression. In addition, inhibition of miR-155 levels in atherosclerotic mice could notably reduce the IL-6 and TNF-α level in plasma and aortic tissue, accompanied with increased p-STAT3 and PDCD4 and decreased SOCS1. Thus, miR-155 might mediate the inflammation in AS via the SOCS1-STAT3-PDCD4 axis. These results provide a rationale for intervention of intracellular miR-155 as possible antiatherosclerotic targets.
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Cingolani F, Czaja MJ. Regulation and Functions of Autophagic Lipolysis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:696-705. [PMID: 27365163 PMCID: PMC5035575 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The selective breakdown by autophagy of lipid droplet (LD)-stored lipids, termed lipophagy, is a lysosomal lipolytic pathway that complements the actions of cytosolic neutral lipases. The physiological importance of lipophagy has been demonstrated in multiple mammalian cell types, as well as in lower organisms, and this pathway has many functions in addition to supplying free fatty acids to maintain cellular energy stores. Recent studies have begun to delineate the molecular mechanisms of the selective recognition of LDs by the autophagic machinery, as well as the intricate crosstalk between the different forms of autophagy and neutral lipases. These studies have led to increased interest in the role of lipophagy in both human disease pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cingolani
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine. 615 Michael Street, Suite 201, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mark J Czaja
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine. 615 Michael Street, Suite 201, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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