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Du R, Xiao N, Han L, Guo K, Li K, Chen Z, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Huang Y, Zhao X, Bian H. Dexrazoxane inhibits the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by attenuating SDCBP/MDA-9/syntenin-mediated EGFR-PI3K-Akt pathway activation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9167. [PMID: 38649770 PMCID: PMC11035576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59665-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Syndecan-binding protein (SDCBP) was reported to stimulate the advancement of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and could potentially be a target for ESCC treatment. There is a growing corpus of research on the anti-tumor effects of iron chelators; however, very few studies have addressed the involvement of dexrazoxane in cancer. In this study, structure-based virtual screening was employed to select drugs targeting SDCBP from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug databases. The sepharose 4B beads pull-down assay revealed that dexrazoxane targeted SDCBP by interacting with its PDZ1 domain. Additionally, dexrazoxane inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony formation via SDCBP. ESCC cell apoptosis and G2 phase arrest were induced as measured by the flow cytometry assay. Subsequent research revealed that dexrazoxane attenuated the binding ability between SDCBP and EGFR in an immunoprecipitation assay. Furthermore, dexrazoxane impaired EGFR membrane localization and inactivated the EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway. In vivo, xenograft mouse experiments indicated that dexrazoxane suppressed ESCC tumor growth. These data indicate that dexrazoxane might be established as a potential anti-cancer agent in ESCC by targeting SDCBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Du
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, No. 80, Changjiang Road, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Han
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, No. 80, Changjiang Road, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - KeLei Guo
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, No. 80, Changjiang Road, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, No. 80, Changjiang Road, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Chen
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, No. 80, Changjiang Road, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Huang
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xulin Zhao
- Oncology Department, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nan Yang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Bian
- Zhang Zhongjing School of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Zhang Zhongjing Formulae and Herbs for Immunoregulation, Nanyang Institute of Technology, No. 80, Changjiang Road, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Mansoori R, Kazemi S, Almasi D, Hosseini SM, Karim B, Nabipour M, Moghadamnia AA. Therapeutic benefit of melatonin in 5-fluorouracil-induced renal and hepatic injury. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:397-411. [PMID: 38129993 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity include increased oxidative stress and apoptosis; as a result, liver and kidney damage are related to its pathogenesis. These are significant side effects caused in cancer patients treated with 5-FU. In the research, 25 rats were divided into five groups, including control, 5-FU and 5-FU + 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg melatonin (MEL), and the protective impact of MEL against 5-FU-induced hepatorenal damage in rats was investigated. 5-FU caused significant harm, resulting in severe renal failure and histopathological changes. It also increased BUN, creatinine and hepatic function markers levels while decreasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity. Additionally, 5-FU led to a notable increase in malondialdehyde content. However, MEL co-administration to rats reversed most biochemical and histologic effects. In the control and MEL + 5-FU groups, the values were comparable. The doses of MEL treatment had a significant positive impact on 5-FU-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and kidney damage. Our data concluded that MEL has an ameliorative effect on hepatorenal damage caused by 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Mansoori
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Darya Almasi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Bardia Karim
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Majid Nabipour
- Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Gao J, Hou Y, Yang X, Liu J, Zhang Y. Melatonin enhances the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil through the regulation of the miR-532-3p/β-catenin pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:367-376. [PMID: 37755321 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate whether melatonin affected sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as to show the underlying molecular mechanism. Melatonin and 5-FU were added to CRC cells at varying doses. The effect of melatonin on sensitivity to 5-FU was investigated by measuring cell activity and apoptosis, and the potential underlying mechanism was further explored by detecting miR-532-3p expression and the associated pathway proteins. Melatonin could suppress cell malignancy in SW480 and HCT116 cells. Melatonin also significantly promoted sensitivity to 5-FU in CRC cells. miR-532-3p expression was downregulated in CRC and was also markedly enhanced when treated with 1 mmol/L melatonin. The inhibitory ability of the co-cultured melatonin, 5-FU, and miR-532-3p inhibitor on SW480 and HCT116 cells was markedly diminished, and the IC50 value was significantly enhanced. Relative to the melatonin group, melatonin+miR-532-3p inhibitor markedly declined apoptosis rate. Bioinformatics analysis predicted the target of miR-532-3p. β-catenin level presented obvious downregulation in the melatonin group, while it was notably upregulated in the co-culture group in relative to with that in the melatonin group. Overall, melatonin promotes sensitivity to 5-FU in CRC cells by regulating the miR-532-3p/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaorui Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Translational Medicine Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Gil-Martín E, Ramos E, López-Muñoz F, Egea J, Romero A. Potential of melatonin to reverse epigenetic aberrations in oral cancer: new findings. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1280-1310. [PMID: 38234969 PMCID: PMC10792176 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
It is now an accepted principle that epigenetic alterations cause cellular dyshomeostasis and functional changes, both of which are essential for the initiation and completion of the tumor cycle. Oral carcinogenesis is no exception in this regard, as most of the tumors in the different subsites of the oral cavity arise from the cross-reaction between (epi)genetic inheritance and the huge challenge of environmental stressors. Currently, the biochemical machinery is put at the service of the tumor program, halting the cell cycle, triggering uncontrolled proliferation, driving angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis, until the archetypes of the tumor phenotype are reached. Melatonin has the ability to dynamically affect the epigenetic code. It has become accepted that melatonin can reverse (epi)genetic aberrations present in oral and other cancers, suggesting the possibility of enhancing the oncostatic capacity of standard multimodal treatments by incorporating this indolamine as an adjuvant. First steps in this direction confirm the potential of melatonin as a countermeasure to mitigate the detrimental side effects of conventional first-line radiochemotherapy. This single effect could produce synergies of extraordinary clinical importance, allowing doses to be increased and treatments not to be interrupted, ultimately improving patients' quality of life and prognosis. Motivated by the urgency of improving the medical management of oral cancer, many authors advocate moving from in vitro and preclinical research, where the bulk of melatonin cancer research is concentrated, to systematic randomized clinical trials on large cohorts. Recognizing the challenge to improve the clinical management of cancer, our motivation is to encourage comprehensive and robust research to reveal the clinical potential of melatonin in oral cancer control. To improve the outcome and quality of life of patients with oral cancer, here we provide the latest evidence of the oncolytic activity that melatonin can achieve by manipulating epigenetic patterns in oronasopharyngeal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Gil-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Faculty of Health, Camilo José Cela University of Madrid (UCJC), 28692 Madrid, Spain
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Mehrzadi S, Sheibani M, Koosha F, Alinaghian N, Pourhanifeh MH, Tabaeian SAP, Reiter RJ, Hosseinzadeh A. Protective and therapeutic potential of melatonin against intestinal diseases: updated review of current data based on molecular mechanisms. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:1011-1029. [PMID: 37796746 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2267439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal diseases, a leading global cause of mortality and morbidity, carry a substantial socioeconomic burden. Small and large intestines play pivotal roles in gastrointestinal physiology and food digestion. Pathological conditions, such as gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cancer, therapy-related complications, ulcers, and ischemia, necessitate the urgent exploration of safe and effective complementary therapeutic strategies for optimal intestinal health. AREAS COVERED This article evaluates the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin, a molecule with a wide range of physiological actions, on intestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancer, gastric/duodenal ulcers and other intestinal disorders. EXPERT OPINION Due to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as various biological actions, melatonin could be a therapeutic option for improving digestive disorders. However, more researches are needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using melatonin for digestive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Alinaghian
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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El-Daly SM, Abo-Elfadl MT, Hussein J, Abo-Zeid MAM. Enhancement of the antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil with modulation in drug transporters expression using PI3K inhibitors in colorectal cancer cells. Life Sci 2023; 315:121320. [PMID: 36574946 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) represents the cornerstone for colorectal cancer therapy. However, resistance to its action is a major hindrance. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of suppressing the activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway on the chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU, as well as to delineate the possible underlying cellular mechanisms and the expected modulation in the expression of specific ABC drug transporters. MAIN METHODS HCT116 and Caco-2 cells were incubated with 5-FU, LY294002, or PI-103 individually or in combination. Cell viability was monitored using MTT assay. The expression of a panel of drug transporters was evaluated by RT-PCR. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to evaluate the expression pattern of phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR, and ABGG2. HPLC evaluated the enhancement in the 5-FU cellular uptake. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and cell morphological changes following treatment were inspected under a fluorescence microscope. Additionally, the migration ability of cells following our suggested treatment combination was examined by wound healing assay. KEY FINDINGS The results reveal a notable enhancement in the cytotoxicity of a low dose of 5-FU when combined with a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002 or PI-103). This enhancement was influenced by the significant reduction in the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR and was also mediated by a significant suppression in the expression of ABCG2 and ABCC5. Consequently, we detected an increase in the cellular uptake and concentration of 5-FU in cells treated with this combination rather than a single 5-FU treatment. Our Suggested combination treatment also induced cell apoptosis and reduced the migration ability of cells. SIGNIFICANCE Our data provide evidence that survival signaling pathways represent distinctive targets for the enhancement of chemotherapeutic sensitivity. The antitumor efficacy of 5-FU is enhanced when combined with a PI3K inhibitor, and this effect was mediated by alterations in the expression of specific drug transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt; Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud T Abo-Elfadl
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jihan Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A M Abo-Zeid
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt; Genetics and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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Long KLP, Muroy SE, Sorooshyari SK, Ko MJ, Jaques Y, Sudmant P, Kaufer D. Transcriptomic profiles of stress susceptibility and resilience in the amygdala and hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.08.527777. [PMID: 36798395 PMCID: PMC9934702 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.08.527777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
A single, severe episode of stress can bring about myriad responses amongst individuals, ranging from cognitive enhancement to debilitating and persistent anxiety; however, the biological mechanisms that contribute to resilience versus susceptibility to stress are poorly understood. The dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) are key limbic regions that are susceptible to the neural and hormonal effects of stress. Previous work has also shown that these regions contribute to individual variability in stress responses; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of these regions in susceptibility and resilience are unknown. In this study, we profiled the transcriptomic signatures of the DG and BLA of rats with divergent behavioral outcomes after a single, severe stressor. We subjected rats to three hours of immobilization with exposure to fox urine and conducted a behavioral battery one week after stress to identify animals that showed persistent, high anxiety-like behavior. We then conducted bulk RNA sequencing of the DG and BLA from susceptible, resilient, and unexposed control rats. Differential gene expression analyses revealed that the molecular signatures separating each of the three groups were distinct and non-overlapping between the DG and BLA. In the amygdala, key genes associated with insulin and hormonal signaling corresponded with vulnerability. Specifically, Inhbb, Rab31 , and Ncoa3 were upregulated in the amygdala of stress-susceptible animals compared to resilient animals. In the hippocampus, increased expression of Cartpt - which encodes a key neuropeptide involved in reward, reinforcement, and stress responses - was strongly correlated with vulnerability to anxiety-like behavior. However, few other genes distinguished stress-susceptible animals from control animals, while a larger number of genes separated stress-resilient animals from control and stress-susceptible animals. Of these, Rnf112, Tbx19 , and UBALD1 distinguished resilient animals from both control and susceptible animals and were downregulated in resilience, suggesting that an active molecular response in the hippocampus facilitates protection from the long-term consequences of severe stress. These results provide novel insight into the mechanisms that bring about individual variability in the behavioral responses to stress and provide new targets for the advancement of therapies for stress-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Bondy SC. Melatonin and Aging. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:291-307. [PMID: 37120473 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The health problems associated with the aging process are becoming increasingly widespread due to the increase in mean life expectancy taking place globally. While decline of many organ functions is an unavoidable concomitant of senescence, these can be delayed or moderated by a range of factors. Among these are dietary changes and weight control, taking sufficient exercise, and the utilization of various micronutrients. The utility of incurring appropriate changes in lifestyle is generally not confined to a single organ system but has a broadly positive systemic effect.Among one of the most potent means of slowing down age-related changes is the use of melatonin, a widely distributed biological indole. While melatonin is well known as a treatment for insomnia, it has a wide range of beneficial qualities many of which are relevant. This overview describes how several of the properties of melatonin are especially relevant to many of the changes associated with senescence. Changes in functioning of the immune system are particularly marked in the aged, combining diminishing effectiveness with increasing ineffective and harmful activity. Melatonin treatment appears able to moderate and partially reverse this detrimental drift toward immune incompetence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Bondy
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Gong YQ, Hou FT, Xiang CL, Li CL, Hu GH, Chen CW. The mechanisms and roles of melatonin in gastrointestinal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1066698. [PMID: 36591447 PMCID: PMC9798083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1066698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a global health problem with wide lesions and numerous cases. The increased morbidity and mortality of GI cancer is a socio-economic challenge for decades to come. Melatonin, a nature indolamine, exerts a crucial role in molecular interactions involved in multiple functional and physiological processes. Increasing evidence indicates that melatonin can modulate GI tract, decrease the occurrence of GI cancer, and enhance the sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy. However, little is known about the exact role of melatonin in anti-carcinogenesis. In this review, we discuss the action of the beneficial effects of melatonin in GI carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we compile the understanding of the role of melatonin in GI cancer, including esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal cancer (CRC), and pancreatic cancer (PC). In addition, the potential therapeutic application and clinical evaluation of melatonin in GI cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fu-Tao Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cai-Ling Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng-Long Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo-Huang Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Digestive Surgery of Changsha, Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Guo-Huang Hu, ; Chao-Wu Chen,
| | - Chao-Wu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China,*Correspondence: Guo-Huang Hu, ; Chao-Wu Chen,
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Ngai ZN, Chok KC, Ng KY, Koh RY, Chye SM. Potential role of melatonin in prevention and treatment of lung cancer. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022; 43:485-503. [PMID: 35728260 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the most lethal cancer worldwide. Melatonin, an indoleamine produced in the pineal gland, shows anticancer effects on a variety of cancers, especially lung cancer. Herein, we clarify the pathophysiology of lung cancer, the association of circadian rhythm with lung, and the relationship between shift work and the incidence of lung cancer. Special focus is placed on the role of melatonin receptors in lung cancer, the relationship between inflammation and lung cancer, control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and immunomodulation in lung cancer by melatonin. A review of the drug synergy of melatonin with other anticancer drugs suggests its usefulness in combination therapy. In summary, the information compiled may serve as a comprehensive reference for the various mechanisms of action of melatonin against lung cancer, as a guide for the design of future experimental research and for advancing melatonin as a therapeutic agent for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Ni Ngai
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kian Chung Chok
- School of Health Science, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khuen Yen Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Science, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mohammadi Z, Asadi J, Jafari SM. Synergistic effects of BAY606583 on docetaxel in esophageal cancer through modulation of ERK1/2. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:569-577. [PMID: 35758556 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is a taxane chemotherapy agent used to treat many types of cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Adenosine is a purinergic signaling molecule that contributes to cancer cell proliferation via A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) activation. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) plays a crucial role in cell proliferation in various types of cancers. Stimulation of A2BAR involves a regulated ERK signaling pathway, and might provide a fascinating approach for treatment, leading to decreased proliferation in certain tumors that express A2BAR. Recent studies demonstrated that DTX and A2BAR have anticancer effects. The current study was designed to investigate the synergistic effect of the A2BAR agonist (BAY606583) on DTX in inducing antiproliferation effects on esophageal squamous cells carcinoma (ESCCs). The cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay in KYSE-30 and Ym-1 cells. In addition, the synergistic effect of DTX on the A2BAR agonist was evaluated. Subsequently, apoptosis was assessed by Annexin-V and propidium iodide staining, and Bcl-2, Bax, and ERK1/2 protein-level expressions were evaluated by Western blot. Use of BAY606583 and cotreatment of DTX and BAY606583 significantly decreased cell proliferation in KYSE-30 and Ym-1 cell lines. The use of BAY606583 and cotreatment of DTX with the A2BAR agonist induced apoptosis in KYSE-30 and Ym-1 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that the use of the A2BAR agonist and cotreatment of DTX with the A2BAR agonist inhibited the expression of apoptotic regulatory proteins as well as the expression of ERK1/2 proteins. Our findings suggested that use of BAY606583 and cotreatment of BAY606583/DTX have an antiproliferative effect on ESCC cell lines through ERK signaling pathway inhibition. BAY606583 has a synergistic effect on DTX, which could be used as an adjuvant for esophageal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinab Mohammadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jahanbakhsh Asadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mehdi Jafari
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Zheng ZY, Chu MY, Lin W, Zheng YQ, Xu XE, Chen Y, Liao LD, Wu ZY, Wang SH, Li EM, Xu LY. Blocking STAT3 signaling augments MEK/ERK inhibitor efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:496. [PMID: 35614034 PMCID: PMC9132929 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the world's leading causes of death, and its primary clinical therapy relies on surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy. Although the genomic features and clinical significance of ESCC have been identified, the outcomes of targeted therapies are still unsatisfactory. Here, we demonstrate that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling is highly activated and associated with poor prognosis in patients with ESCC. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors efficiently blocked the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in ESCC, while signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling was rapidly activated. Combined STAT3 inhibition prevented the emergence of resistance and enhanced MEK inhibitor-induced cell cycle arrest and senescence in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) was downregulated, resulting in an increase in STAT3 phosphorylation in MEK-inhibited cells. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that ELK1, which was activated by MEK/ERK signaling, induced SOCS3 transcription. These data suggest that the development of combined MEK and STAT3 inhibition could be a useful strategy in ESCC targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yuan Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Man-Yu Chu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wan Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ya-Qi Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Hong Wang
- Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou Sub-center, Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
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Nikolaev G, Robeva R, Konakchieva R. Membrane Melatonin Receptors Activated Cell Signaling in Physiology and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010471. [PMID: 35008896 PMCID: PMC8745360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pineal hormone melatonin has attracted great scientific interest since its discovery in 1958. Despite the enormous number of basic and clinical studies the exact role of melatonin in respect to human physiology remains elusive. In humans, two high-affinity receptors for melatonin, MT1 and MT2, belonging to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been cloned and identified. The two receptor types activate Gi proteins and MT2 couples additionally to Gq proteins to modulate intracellular events. The individual effects of MT1 and MT2 receptor activation in a variety of cells are complemented by their ability to form homo- and heterodimers, the functional relevance of which is yet to be confirmed. Recently, several melatonin receptor genetic polymorphisms were discovered and implicated in pathology-for instance in type 2 diabetes, autoimmune disease, and cancer. The circadian patterns of melatonin secretion, its pleiotropic effects depending on cell type and condition, and the already demonstrated cross-talks of melatonin receptors with other signal transduction pathways further contribute to the perplexity of research on the role of the pineal hormone in humans. In this review we try to summarize the current knowledge on the membrane melatonin receptor activated cell signaling in physiology and pathology and their relevance to certain disease conditions including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Nikolaev
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ralitsa Robeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Rossitza Konakchieva
- Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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14
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Chen Z, Zhao C, Liu P, Huang H, Zhang S, Wang X. Anti-Apoptosis and Autophagy Effects of Melatonin Protect Rat Chondrocytes against Oxidative Stress via Regulation of AMPK/Foxo3 Pathways. Cartilage 2021; 13:1041S-1053S. [PMID: 34775836 PMCID: PMC8804746 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211038748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence has indicated that excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) have detrimental effects on osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to elucidate the effects of melatonin (MT), an antioxidant indolamine secreted from the pineal gland, on chondrocyte senescence and cartilage degeneration, thereby clarifying the underlying mechanisms of ROS-induced OA pathogenesis. DESIGN Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to induce oxidative stress in rat chondrocytes. ROS levels were evaluated using cytometry and immunofluorescence. Cell viability was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Western blotting and qPCR (Quantiative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) were used to examine apoptosis and autophagy. For in vivo experiments, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group, DMM (destabilization of the medial meniscus) surgery group, and surgery groups that received melatonin. Knee joints were collected and stained for histological analysis. RESULTS The data demonstrated that melatonin treatment significantly suppressed H2O2-induced matrix degradation and apoptosis, and maintained mitochondrial redox homeostasis. In addition, an enhancement of autophagic flux was observed through western blotting. These findings corresponded with activation of the AMPK/Foxo3 signaling pathways upon melatonin treatment. Histological staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs also demonstrated that melatonin alleviated cartilage ossification and chondrocyte hypertrophy in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that melatonin protected chondrocytes via mitochondrial redox homeostasis and autophagy. The effects of melatonin on senescence may apply to other age-related diseases. Thus, melatonin may have multiple potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic
Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic
Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic
Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Haohan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic
Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Shuhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic
Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of
China,Xiaoqing Wang, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s
Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju
Road, Shanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic
Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of
China,Shuhong Zhang, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s
Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju
Road, Shanghai 200011, People’s Republic of China.
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Melatonin Induces Autophagy via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165038. [PMID: 34443626 PMCID: PMC8400139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though an increasing number of anticancer treatments have been discovered, the mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) have still been high in the past few years. It has been discovered that melatonin has pro-apoptotic properties and counteracts inflammation, proliferation, angiogenesis, cell invasion, and cell migration. In previous studies, melatonin has been shown to have an anticancer effect in multiple tumors, including CRC, but the underlying mechanisms of melatonin action on CRC have not been fully explored. Thus, in this study, we investigated the role of autophagy pathways in CRC cells treated with melatonin. In vitro CRC cell models, HT-29, SW48, and Caco-2, were treated with melatonin. CRC cell death, oxidative stress, and autophagic vacuoles formation were induced by melatonin in a dose-dependent manner. Several autophagy pathways were examined, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, 5′–adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. Our results showed that melatonin significantly induced autophagy via the ER stress pathway in CRC cells. In conclusion, melatonin demonstrated a potential as an anticancer drug for CRC.
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González A, Alonso-González C, González-González A, Menéndez-Menéndez J, Cos S, Martínez-Campa C. Melatonin as an Adjuvant to Antiangiogenic Cancer Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3263. [PMID: 34209857 PMCID: PMC8268559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone with different functions, antitumor actions being one of the most studied. Among its antitumor mechanisms is its ability to inhibit angiogenesis. Melatonin shows antiangiogenic effects in several types of tumors. Combination of melatonin and chemotherapeutic agents have a synergistic effect inhibiting angiogenesis. One of the undesirable effects of chemotherapy is the induction of pro-angiogenic factors, whilst the addition of melatonin is able to overcome these undesirable effects. This protective effect of the pineal hormone against angiogenesis might be one of the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effect, explaining, at least in part, why melatonin administration increases the sensitivity of tumors to the inhibitory effects exerted by ordinary chemotherapeutic agents. Melatonin has the ability to turn cancer totally resistant to chemotherapeutic agents into a more sensitive chemotherapy state. Definitely, melatonin regulates the expression and/or activity of many factors involved in angiogenesis which levels are affected (either positively or negatively) by chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, the pineal hormone has been proposed as a radiosensitizer, increasing the oncostatic effects of radiation on tumor cells. This review serves as a synopsis of the interaction between melatonin and angiogenesis, and we will outline some antiangiogenic mechanisms through which melatonin sensitizes cancer cells to treatments, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (J.M.-M.); (C.M.-C.)
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17
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Mehrzadi S, Pourhanifeh MH, Mirzaei A, Moradian F, Hosseinzadeh A. An updated review of mechanistic potentials of melatonin against cancer: pivotal roles in angiogenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:188. [PMID: 33789681 PMCID: PMC8011077 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01892-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are serious life-threatening diseases which annually are responsible for millions of deaths across the world. Despite many developments in therapeutic approaches for affected individuals, the rate of morbidity and mortality is high. The survival rate and life quality of cancer patients is still low. In addition, the poor prognosis of patients and side effects of the present treatments underscores that finding novel and effective complementary and alternative therapies is a critical issue. Melatonin is a powerful anticancer agent and its efficiency has been widely documented up to now. Melatonin applies its anticancer abilities through affecting various mechanisms including angiogenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. Regarding the implication of mentioned cellular processes in cancer pathogenesis, we aimed to further evaluate the anticancer effects of melatonin via these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Moradian
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Chrysin serves as a novel inhibitor of DGK α/FAK interaction to suppress the malignancy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:143-155. [PMID: 33532186 PMCID: PMC7838054 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Among current novel druggable targets, protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are of considerable and growing interest. Diacylglycerol kinase α (DGKα) interacts with focal adhesion kinase (FAK) band 4.1-ezrin-radixin-moesin (FERM) domain to induce the phosphorylation of FAK Tyr397 site and promotes the malignant progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells. Chrysin is a multi-functional bioactive flavonoid, and possesses potential anticancer activity, whereas little is known about the anticancer activity and exact molecular mechanisms of chrysin in ESCC treatment. In this study, we found that chrysin significantly disrupted the DGKα/FAK signalosome to inhibit FAK-controlled signaling pathways and the malignant progression of ESCC cells both in vitro and in vivo, whereas produced no toxicity to the normal cells. Molecular validation specifically demonstrated that Asp435 site in the catalytic domain of DGKα contributed to chrysin-mediated inhibition of the assembly of DGKα/FAK complex. This study has illustrated DGKα/FAK complex as a target of chrysin for the first time, and provided a direction for the development of natural products-derived PPIs inhibitors in tumor treatment.
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19
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Huang Y, Yuan K, Tang M, Yue J, Bao L, Wu S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Ou X, Gou J, Zhao Q, Yuan L. Melatonin inhibiting the survival of human gastric cancer cells under ER stress involving autophagy and Ras-Raf-MAPK signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:1480-1492. [PMID: 33369155 PMCID: PMC7875909 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin exhibits antitumour activities in the treatment of many human cancers. In the present study, we aimed to improve the therapeutic potential of melatonin in gastric cancer. Our results confirmed that melatonin dose‐dependently suppressed the proliferation and necrosis, and increased G0/G1 phase arrest, apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The Ras‐Raf‐MAPK signalling pathway was activated in cells after melatonin treatment. RNA‐seq was performed and GSEA analysis further confirmed that many down‐regulated genes in melatonin‐treated cells were associated with proliferation. However, GSEA analysis also indicated that many pathways related to metastasis were increased after melatonin treatment. Subsequently, combinatorial treatment was conducted to further investigate the therapeutic outcomes of melatonin. A combination of melatonin and thapsigargin increased the apoptotic rate and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest when compared to treatment with melatonin alone. Melatonin in combination with thapsigargin triggered the increased expression of Bip, LC3‐II, phospho‐Erk1/2 and phospho‐p38 MAPK. In addition, STF‐083010, an IRE1a inhibitor, further exacerbated the decrease in survival rate induced by combinatorial treatment with melatonin and thapsigargin. Collectively, melatonin was effective in gastric cancer treatment by modifying ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kexun Yuan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meifang Tang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaming Yue
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijun Bao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- National Academy of Innovation Strategy, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yihang Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Ou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaxin Gou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Institute of Health Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Pourhanifeh MH, Mehrzadi S, Kamali M, Hosseinzadeh A. Melatonin and gastrointestinal cancers: Current evidence based on underlying signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173471. [PMID: 32877658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leading causes of cancer-related deaths, have been serious challenging human diseases up to now. Because of high rates of mortality, late-stage diagnosis, metastasis to distant locations, and low effectiveness and adverse events of routine standard therapies, the quality of life and survival time are low in patients with GI cancers. Hence, many efforts need to be done to explore and find novel efficient treatments. Beneficial effects of melatonin have been reported in a wide variety of human diseases. Melatonin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. Various studies have showed the regulatory effects of melatonin on apoptotsis, autophagy and angiogenesis; these properties result in the inhibition of invasion, migration, and proliferation of GI cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Together, this review suggests that melatonin in combination with anticancer agents may improve the efficacy of routine medicine and survival rate of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Perdomo J, Quintana C, González I, Hernández I, Rubio S, Loro JF, Reiter RJ, Estévez F, Quintana J. Melatonin Induces Melanogenesis in Human SK-MEL-1 Melanoma Cells Involving Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 and Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144970. [PMID: 32674468 PMCID: PMC7404125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is present in all living organisms where it displays a diversity of physiological functions. Attenuation of melanogenesis by melatonin has been reported in some mammals and also in rodent melanoma cells. However, melatonin may also stimulate melanogenesis in human melanoma cells through mechanisms that have not yet been revealed. Using the human melanoma cells SK-MEL-1 as a model, an increase in both tyrosinase activity and melanin was already observed at 24 h after melatonin treatment with maximal levels of both being detected at 72 h. This effect was associated with the induction in the expression of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of melanin. In this scenario, glycogen synthase kinase-3β seems to play a significant function since melatonin decreased its phosphorylation and preincubation with specific inhibitors of this protein kinase (lithium or BIO) reduced the expression and activity of tyrosinase. Blocking of PI3K/AKT pathway stimulated melanogenesis and the effect was suppressed by the inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3β. Although melatonin is a recognized antioxidant, we found that it stimulates reactive oxygen species generation in SK-MEL-1 cells. These chemical species seem to be an important signal in activating the melanogenic process since the antioxidants N-acetyl-l-cysteine and glutathione decreased both the level and activity of tyrosinase stimulated by melatonin. Our results support the view that regulation of melanogenesis involves a cross-talk between several signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Perdomo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain; (J.P.); (C.Q.); (I.G.); (I.H.); (S.R.); (F.E.)
| | - Carlos Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain; (J.P.); (C.Q.); (I.G.); (I.H.); (S.R.); (F.E.)
| | - Ignacio González
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain; (J.P.); (C.Q.); (I.G.); (I.H.); (S.R.); (F.E.)
| | - Inmaculada Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain; (J.P.); (C.Q.); (I.G.); (I.H.); (S.R.); (F.E.)
| | - Sara Rubio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain; (J.P.); (C.Q.); (I.G.); (I.H.); (S.R.); (F.E.)
| | - Juan F. Loro
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain;
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Francisco Estévez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain; (J.P.); (C.Q.); (I.G.); (I.H.); (S.R.); (F.E.)
| | - José Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain; (J.P.); (C.Q.); (I.G.); (I.H.); (S.R.); (F.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-928458792
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Kayahara GM, Valente VB, Pereira RB, Lopes FYK, Crivelini MM, Miyahara GI, Biasoli ÉR, Oliveira SHP, Bernabé DG. Pineal gland protects against chemically induced oral carcinogenesis and inhibits tumor progression in rats. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1816-1831. [PMID: 32499868 PMCID: PMC7244010 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical investigations suggest that melatonin suppression and circadian dysfunction may be related to cancer development in shift workers. Studies also show that melatonin suppression after pinealectomy increases cancer incidence in preclinical models. However, no study evaluated the influence of pinealectomy on oral cancer development. In the current study, we investigated the effects of pinealectomy on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occurrence and progression in rats. Rats submitted to sham surgery were used as control. Pinealectomy promoted an increase of 140% in OSCC occurrence when compared to sham animals. Tumors from pinealectomized rats displayed a higher volume and thickness than the tumors from sham-operated animals. Pinealectomy induced atrophy of the epithelium adjacent to the oral lesions. Pinealectomized rats showed higher mean number of tumor-associated macrophages and eosinophils in the invasive front of OSCC. In addition, nuclear overexpression of ERK1/2 and p53 was also observed in the front of carcinomas from pinealectomized rats. These results reveal that pineal gland plays a protective role against oral carcinogenesis. The melatonin suppression caused by the pinealectomy might contribute to oral cancer development by acting on ERK1/2 and p53 pathways and regulating tumor inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giseli Mitsuy Kayahara
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Bonetti Valente
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosani Belzunces Pereira
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Yudi Kabeya Lopes
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Crivelini
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauco Issamu Miyahara
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Éder Ricardo Biasoli
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galera Bernabé
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, SP 15050-015, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gurunathan S, Jeyaraj M, Kang MH, Kim JH. Melatonin Enhances Palladium-Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Human Lung Epithelial Adenocarcinoma Cells A549 and H1229. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E357. [PMID: 32344592 PMCID: PMC7222421 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) are increasingly being used in medical and biological applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Recent evidence suggests that these nanoparticles can act as both a pro-oxidant and as an antioxidant. Melatonin (MLT), which also shows pro- and antioxidant properties, can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents when combined with anticancer drugs. Nevertheless, studies regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of PdNPs and MLT in cancer cells are still lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential toxicological and molecular mechanisms of PdNPs, MLT, and the combination of PdNPs with MLT in A549 lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cells. We evaluated cell viability, cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in cells treated with different concentrations of PdNPs and MLT. PdNPs and MLT induced cytotoxicity, which was confirmed by leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, increased intracellular protease, and reduced membrane integrity. Oxidative stress increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), and 8-isoprostane. Combining PdNPs with MLT elevated the levels of mitochondrial dysfunction by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP content, mitochondrial number, and expression levels of the main regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis. Additionally, PdNPs and MLT induced apoptosis and oxidative DNA damage due to accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG), and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG). Finally, PdNPs and MLT increased mitochondrially mediated stress and apoptosis, which was confirmed by the increased expression levels of apoptotic genes. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the effects of combining PdNPs and MLT in human lung cancer cells. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in PdNP- and MLT-induced toxicity, and it may be that this combination therapy could be a potential effective therapeutic approach. This combination effect provides information to support the clinical evaluation of PdNPs and MLT as a suitable agents for lung cancer treatment, and the combined effect provides therapeutic value, as non-toxic concentrations of PdNPs and MLT are more effective, better tolerated, and show less adverse effects. Finally, this study suggests that MLT could be used as a supplement in nano-mediated combination therapies used to treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.); (M.-H.K.)
| | | | | | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.); (M.-H.K.)
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Bjørklund G, Rajib SA, Saffoon N, Pen JJ, Chirumbolo S. Insights on Melatonin as an Active Pharmacological Molecule in Cancer Prevention: What's New? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6304-6320. [PMID: 29714136 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180501094850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Along with playing an important role in circadian rhythm, melatonin is thought to play a significant role in preventing cells from damage, as well as in the inhibition of growth and in triggering apoptosis in malignant cells. Its relationship with circadian rhythms, energetic homeostasis, diet, and metabolism, is fundamental to achieve a better comprehension of how melatonin has been considered a chemopreventive molecule, though very few papers dealing with this issue. In this article, we tried to review the most recent evidence regarding the protective as well as the antitumoral mechanisms of melatonin, as related to diet and metabolic balance. From different studies, it was evident that an intracellular antioxidant defense mechanism is activated by upregulating an antioxidant gene battery in the presence of high-dose melatonin in malignant cells. Like other broad-spectrum antioxidant molecules, melatonin plays a vital role in killing tumor cells, preventing metastasis, and simultaneously keeping normal cells protected from oxidative stress and other types of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Nadia Saffoon
- Department of Pharmacy and Forensic Science, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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25
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Pharmacological Inhibition of TFF3 Enhances Sensitivity of CMS4 Colorectal Carcinoma to 5-Fluorouracil through Inhibition of p44/42 MAPK. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246215. [PMID: 31835445 PMCID: PMC6940926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) has been reported in colorectal carcinoma (CRC), being correlated with distant metastasis and poor clinical outcomes. Amongst the CRC subtypes, mesenchymal (CMS4) CRC is associated with the worst survival outcome. Herein, the functional roles of TFF3 and the pharmacological inhibition of TFF3 by a novel specific small molecule TFF3 inhibitor—2-amino-4-(4-(6-fluoro-5-methylpyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-5-oxo-4H,5H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-3-carbonitrile (AMPC) in CMS4 CRC was explored. Forced expression of TFF3 in CMS4 CRC cells promoted cell proliferation, cell survival, foci formation, invasion, migration, cancer stem cell like behaviour and growth in 3D Matrigel. In contrast, siRNA-mediated depletion of TFF3 or AMPC inhibition of TFF3 in CMS4 CRC cells decreased oncogenic behaviour as indicated by the above cell function assays. AMPC also inhibited tumour growth in vivo. The TFF3-stimulated oncogenic behaviour of CMS4 CRC cells was dependent on TFF3 activation of the p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) pathway. Furthermore, the forced expression of TFF3 decreased the sensitivity of CMS4 CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); while depleted TFF3 expression enhanced 5-FU sensitivity in CMS4 CRC cells. 5-FU treatment induced TFF3 expression in CMS4 CRC cells. AMPC, when used in combination with 5-FU in CMS4 CRC cells exhibited a synergistic inhibitory effect. In summary, this study provides functional evidence for TFF3 as a therapeutic target in CMS4 CRC.
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26
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Potential of Melatonin as Adjuvant Therapy of Oral Cancer in the Era of Epigenomics. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111712. [PMID: 31684096 PMCID: PMC6895876 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The wide variety of epigenetic controls available is rapidly expanding the knowledge of molecular biology even overflowing it. At the same time, it can illuminate unsuspected ways of understanding the etiology of cancer. New emerging therapeutic horizons, then, promise to overcome the current antitumor strategies need. The translational utility of this complexity is particularly welcome in oral cancer (OC), in which natural history is alarmingly disappointing due to the invasive and mutilating surgery, the high relapsing rate, the poor quality of life and the reduced survival after diagnosis. Melatonin activates protective receptor-dependent and receptor-independent processes that prevent tissue cancerisation and inhibit progressive tumor malignancy and metastasis. Related evidence has shown that melatonin pleiotropy encompasses gene expression regulation through all the three best-characterized epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation, chromatin modification, and non-coding RNA. OC has received less attention than other cancers despite prognosis is usually negative and there are no significant therapy improvements recorded in the past decade. However, a large research effort is being carried out to elucidate how melatonin´s machinery can prevent epigenetic insults that lead to cancer. In the light of recent findings, a comprehensive examination of biochemistry through which melatonin may reverse epigenetic aberrations in OC is an extraordinary opportunity to take a step forward in the clinical management of patients.
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27
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Xiang X, Xiong R, Yu C, Deng L, Bie J, Xiao D, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Li X, Liu K, Feng G. Tex10 promotes stemness and EMT phenotypes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:2600-2610. [PMID: 31638260 PMCID: PMC6859441 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study by our group suggested that testis expressed 10 (Tex10) contributes to tumor progression by promoting stem cell-like features in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the relevance of pluripotency factor Tex10 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has remained elusive. The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of Tex10 in ESCC. For this purpose, the mRNA and protein expression of Tex10 was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. In a loss-of-function experiment, EC109 cells were transfected with lentiviral vectors containing Tex10 short hairpin RNA or negative control. Cell proliferation was assessed using a Cell Counting kit-8, and flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis and the cell cycle. Transwell assays were employed to examine the migratory and invasive capacity, and a sphere formation assay was performed to assess the clonogenicity of the EC109 cells. The results revealed that the elevated expression of Tex10 was positively associated with malignancy and with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated mesenchymal markers in human ESCC specimens. The knockdown of Tex10 led to the inhibition of cell proliferation, the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and decreased the stemness, migratory and invasive capacity of the EC109 cells. Furthermore, the silencing of Tex10 enhanced the sensitivity of the ESCC cells to 5-fluorouracil. In addition, the present study revealed that Tex10 plays an essential role in regulating EMT via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that the downregulation of Tex10 in ESCC specimens is significantly associated with tumor malignancy, and that Tex10 promotes stem cell-like features and induces the EMT of ESCC cells through the enhancement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Xiang
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Rong Xiong
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Yu
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Li Deng
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Bie
- Department of Oncology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Dongqin Xiao
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Yuchuan Zhou
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Kang Liu
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Gang Feng
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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28
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Ma Z, Liu D, Di S, Zhang Z, Li W, Zhang J, Xu L, Guo K, Zhu Y, Li X, Han J, Yan X. Histone deacetylase 9 downregulation decreases tumor growth and promotes apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer after melatonin treatment. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12587. [PMID: 31090223 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 9 functions as an oncogene in a variety of cancers, but its role on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been reported. Melatonin was proven to possess anticancer actions, whereas its effect on NSCLC and underlying mechanisms remains poorly understood. In this study, 337 patients with complete clinicopathologic characteristics who underwent NSCLC surgery were recruited for the study. We found that NSCLC patients with high HDAC9 expression were correlated with worse overall survival and poor prognosis. HDAC9 knockdown significantly reduced NSCLC cell growth and induced apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Melatonin application also markedly inhibited cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion and promoted apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Moreover, RNA-seq, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analyses showed that melatonin treatment decreased the HDAC9 level in NSCLC cells. A mechanistic study revealed that HDAC9 knockdown further enhanced the anticancer activities of melatonin treatment, whereas HDAC9 overexpression partially reversed the melatonin's anticancer effects. Additionally, the in vivo study found melatonin exerted anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on xenograft tumors which were also strengthened by HDAC9 knockdown. These results indicated that HDAC9 downregulation mediated the anti-NSCLC actions of melatonin, and targeting HDAC9 may be the novel therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhipei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weimiao Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liqun Xu
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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29
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Mortezaee K, Najafi M, Farhood B, Ahmadi A, Potes Y, Shabeeb D, Musa AE. Modulation of apoptosis by melatonin for improving cancer treatment efficiency: An updated review. Life Sci 2019; 228:228-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Lu YX, Ju HQ, Liu ZX, Chen DL, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Wu QN, Zeng ZL, Qiu HB, Hu PS, Wang ZQ, Zhang DS, Wang F, Xu RH. ME1 Regulates NADPH Homeostasis to Promote Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Cancer Res 2019; 78:1972-1985. [PMID: 29654155 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genomic alterations of tumor suppressorsoften encompass collateral protein-coding genes that create therapeutic vulnerability to further inhibition of their paralogs. Here, we report that malic enzyme 2 (ME2) is frequently hemizygously codeleted with SMAD4 in gastric cancer. Its isoenzyme ME1 was upregulated to replenish the intracellular reducing equivalent NADPH and to maintain redox homeostasis. Knockdown of ME1 significantly depleted NADPH, induced high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ultimately cell apoptosis under oxidative stress conditions, such as glucose starvation and anoikis, in ME2-underexpressed cells. Moreover, ME1 promoted tumor growth, lung metastasis, and peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer in vivo Intratumoral injection of ME1 siRNA significantly suppressed tumor growth in cell lines and patient-derived xenograft-based models. Mechanistically, ME1 was transcriptionally upregulated by ROS in an ETV4-dependent manner. Overexpression of ME1 was associated with shorter overall and disease-free survival in gastric cancer. Altogether, our results shed light on crucial roles of ME1-mediated production of NADPH in gastric cancer growth and metastasis.Significance: These findings reveal the role of malic enzyme in growth and metastasis.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/8/1972/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(8); 1972-85. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xin Lu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huai-Qiang Ju
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Liang Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Nian Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Lei Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Bo Qiu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Shan Hu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Sakatani A, Sonohara F, Goel A. Melatonin-mediated downregulation of thymidylate synthase as a novel mechanism for overcoming 5-fluorouracil associated chemoresistance in colorectal cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:422-431. [PMID: 30590435 PMCID: PMC6514450 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has been established as the first-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC); however, acquired chemoresistance is often the cause of poor therapeutic response. Melatonin is a molecule that is associated with circadian rhythms. Although antitumor effects of melatonin have been shown, the underlying mechanism(s) for its activity and its effect, if any, in chemoresistant CRC has not been studied. We aimed to investigate antitumor effects of melatonin, and more specifically its effect on molecular mechanisms in 5-FU resistant CRC cells. METHODS The cell growth was assessed in CRC cells, patient-derived organoids and 5-FU resistant CRC cells after treatments with melatonin. In addition, the expression of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) and microRNAs (miRNAs) that are targeting TYMS were examined. RESULTS We observed that melatonin inhibited the cell growth in 5-FU resistant CRC cells. In addition, we found that melatonin significantly promoted apoptosis. Furthermore, a combination of melatonin and 5-FU markedly enhanced 5-FU-mediated cytotoxicity in 5-FU resistant cells. In addition, melatonin significantly decreased the expression of TYMS. Interestingly, this effect was manifested through the simultaneous increase in the expression of miR-215-5p, for which, TYMS serves as the direct downstream target for this miRNA. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin facilitates overcoming 5-FU resistance through downregulation of TYMS. Melatonin may serve as a potential therapeutic option on its own, or in conjunction with 5-FU, in the treatment of patients with advanced or chemoresistant CRC.Melatonin inhibits the growth of 5-FU resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) cells through upregulation of miR-215-5p and a concomitant downregulation of TYMS. Melatonin may serve as a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of patients with advanced or chemoresistant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Sakatani
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sonohara
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research; Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Wei C, Yang C, Wang S, Shi D, Zhang C, Lin X, Xiong B. M2 macrophages confer resistance to 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer through the activation of CCL22/PI3K/AKT signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3051-3063. [PMID: 31114248 PMCID: PMC6489624 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s198126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: M2 macrophages are crucial components of tumor microenvironment that frequently associated with the resistance of therapeutic treatments in human cancers, but their role in the chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is still obscure. Methods: In our study, we clarified the biological functions of M2 macrophages and their mechanism on the chemosensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU. Then, we analyzed the correlation between CCL22 and CD68+ and CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and further elucidated the prognostic value of CCL22 and CD163+ M2 macrophages in clinical CRC samples. Results: M2 macrophages decreased the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on CRC cells migration and invasion by secreting CCL22, and declined the apoptosis induced by 5-FU. Treated with a neutralizing anti-CCL22 antibody destroyed these effects. We further illuminated that M2 macrophages regulated 5-FU resistance of CRC cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program, PI3K/AKT pathway, and caspase-mediated apoptosis. Clinically, CCL22 was found to have elevated expression in CRC tissue samples, and was positively associated with CD163+ TAMs. Furthermore, the patients with higher CD163+ M2 macrophages and higher expression of CCL22 in CRC tissues had a lower overall survival (OS) rate compared with lower ones. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that M2 macrophage regulated 5-FU-mediated CRC chemoresistance via the EMT program, PI3K/AKT pathway, and caspase-mediated apoptosis by releasing CCL22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaogang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
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Chao CC, Chen PC, Chiou PC, Hsu CJ, Liu PI, Yang YC, Reiter R, Yang SF, Tang CH. Melatonin suppresses lung cancer metastasis by inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition through targeting to Twist. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:709-722. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20180945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, whereby mature epithelial cells undergo phenotype transition and differentiate into motile, invasive cells, has been indicated in tumor metastasis. The melatonin hormone secreted by the pineal gland has an antioxidant effect and protects cells against carcinogenic substances that reduce tumor progression. However, the effects of melatonin in EMT and lung cancer metastasis are largely unknown. We found that melatonin down-regulated EMT by inhibiting Twist/Twist1 (twist family bHLH transcription factor 1) expression. This effect was mediated by MT1 receptor, PLC, p38/ERK and β-catenin signaling cascades. Twist expression was positively correlated with tumor stage and negatively correlated with MT1 expression in lung cancer specimens. Furthermore, melatonin inhibited EMT marker expression and lung cancer metastasis to liver in vivo. Finally, melatonin shows promise in the treatment of lung cancer metastasis and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chia Chao
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Jung Hsu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-I Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Yang
- Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Melatonin Enhances Cisplatin and Radiation Cytotoxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Stimulating Mitochondrial ROS Generation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7187128. [PMID: 30944696 PMCID: PMC6421819 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7187128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is the sixth leading cancer by incidence worldwide. Unfortunately, drug resistance and relapse are the principal limitations of clinical oncology for many patients, and the failure of conventional treatments is an extremely demoralizing experience. It is therefore crucial to find new therapeutic targets and drugs to enhance the cytotoxic effects of conventional treatments without potentiating or offsetting the adverse effects. Melatonin has oncostatic effects, although the mechanisms involved and doses required remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to determine the precise underlying mitochondrial mechanisms of melatonin, which increase the cytotoxicity of oncological treatments, and also to propose new melatonin treatments in order to alleviate and reverse radio- and chemoresistant processes. We analyzed the effects of melatonin on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines (Cal-27 and SCC-9), which were treated with 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM melatonin combined with 8 Gy irradiation or 10 μM cisplatin. Clonogenic and MTT assays, as well as autophagy and apoptosis, involving flow cytometry and western blot, were performed in order to determine the cytotoxic effects of the treatments. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by measuring mitochondrial respiration, mtDNA content (RT-PCR), and mitochondrial mass (NAO). ROS production, antioxidant enzyme activity, and GSH/GSSG levels were analyzed using a fluorometric method. We show that high concentrations of melatonin potentiate the cytotoxic effects of radiotherapy and CDDP in HNSCC, which are associated with increased mitochondrial function in these cells. In HNSCC, melatonin induces intracellular ROS, whose accumulation plays an upstream role in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and autophagy. Our findings indicate that melatonin, at high concentrations, combined with cisplatin and radiotherapy to improve its effectiveness, is a potential adjuvant agent.
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Yang YC, Chiou PC, Chen PC, Liu PY, Huang WC, Chao CC, Tang CH. Melatonin reduces lung cancer stemness through inhibiting of PLC, ERK, p38, β-catenin, and Twist pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:203-209. [PMID: 30421542 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer in cancer-related deaths worldwide, which is characterized by its strong metastatic potential. The melatonin hormone secreted by the pineal grand has an antioxidant effect and protects cells against carcinogenic substances. However, the effects of melatonin in lung cancer stemness are largely unknown. We found that melatonin reduces CD133 expression by ~50% in lung cancer cell lines, while results of a sphere formation assay showed that melatonin inhibits lung cancer stemness. These effects of melatonin were reversed when the cell lines were incubated with phospholipase C (PLC), ERK/p38, and a β-catenin activator. Transfection with Twist siRNA augmented the inhibitory effects of melatonin, indicating that melatonin suppresses lung cancer stemness by inhibiting the PLC, ERK/p38, β-catenin, and Twist signaling pathways. We also found CD133 expression is positively correlated with Twist expression in lung cancer specimens. Melatonin shows promise in the treatment of lung cancer stemness and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Yang
- Department of Nursing, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yi Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chien Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chia Chao
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Melatonin and Docosahexaenoic Acid Decrease Proliferation of PNT1A Prostate Benign Cells via Modulation of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and ROS Production. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5080798. [PMID: 30728886 PMCID: PMC6343140 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5080798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer development has been associated with changes in mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Melatonin (MLT) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have properties to modulate both, but their protective role, mainly at early stages of prostate cancer, remains unclear. In this study, the effects of MLT and DHA, combined or not, on PNT1A cells with regard to mitochondria bioenergetics, ROS production, and proliferation-related pathways were examined. Based on dose response and lipid accumulation assays, DHA at 100 μM and MLT at 1 μM for 48 h were chosen. DHA doubled and MLT reduced (40%) superoxide anion production, but coincubation (DM) did not normalize to control. Hydrogen peroxide production decreased after MLT incubation only (p < 0.01). These alterations affected the area and perimeter of mitochondria, since DHA increased whereas MLT decreased, but such hormone has no effect on coincubation. DHA isolated did not change the oxidative phosphorylation rate (OXPHOS), but decreased (p < 0.001) the mitochondrial bioenergetic reserve capacity (MBRC) which is closely related to cell responsiveness to stress conditions. MLT, regardless of DHA, ameliorated OXPHOS and recovered MBRC after coincubation. All incubations decreased AKT phosphorylation; however, only MLT alone inhibited p-mTOR. MLT increased p-ERK1/2 and, when combined to DHA, increased GSTP1 expression (p < 0.01). DHA did not change the testosterone levels in the medium, whereas MLT alone or coincubated decreased by about 20%; however, any incubation affected AR expression. Moreover, incubation with luzindole revealed that MLT effects were MTR1/2-independent. In conclusion, DHA increased ROS production and impaired mitochondrial function which was probably related to AKT inactivation; MLT improved OXPHOS and decreased ROS which was related to AKT/mTOR dephosphorylation, and when coincubated, the antiproliferative action was related to mitochondrial bioenergetic modulation associated to AKT and ERK1/2 regulation. Together, these findings point to the potential application of DHA and MLT towards the prevention of proliferative prostate diseases.
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37
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Wang Q, Sun Z, Du L, Xu C, Wang Y, Yang B, He N, Wang J, Ji K, Liu Y, Liu Q. Melatonin Sensitizes Human Colorectal Cancer Cells to γ-ray Ionizing Radiation In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123974. [PMID: 30544713 PMCID: PMC6320774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most commonly reported gastrointestinal malignancy, with a recent, rapid increase of the annual incidence all over the world. Enhancing the radiosensitivity of cancer cells while preserving the health of normal cells is one of the most important tasks in clinical radiobiology. However, resistance to radiotherapy for colorectal cancer greatly decreases the therapeutic outcome. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a natural secretory product that the pineal gland in the brain normally produces, has been reported to have anticancer properties. In the study, we investigated the combination of melatonin with radiotherapy as a treatment for colorectal cancer. We firstly explored the anti-tumor activity of melatonin combined with ionizing radiation (IR) against colorectal carcinoma in vitro. It was found that melatonin effectively inhibited human colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT 116 cellular proliferation, colony formation rate and cell migration counts following IR. Increasing the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by melatonin treatment was found to be associated with cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, downregulation of proteins involved in DNA double-strand break repair and activation of the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. Moreover, we also investigated the combined effect of IR and melatonin on colorectal tumor in vivo. Results from a tumor xenograft showed that melatonin plus IR treatment significantly suppressed tumor cell growth compared with melatonin or IR alone, resulting in a much higher tumor inhibition rate for the combined treatment. The data suggested that melatonin combined with IR could improve the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer and thus enhance the therapeutic effect of the patients, implying melatonin could function as a potential sensitizer in tumor radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Zhijuan Sun
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Liqing Du
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Ningning He
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jinhan Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Kaihua Ji
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Radiation Medicine Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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Najafi M, Salehi E, Farhood B, Nashtaei MS, Hashemi Goradel N, Khanlarkhani N, Namjoo Z, Mortezaee K. Adjuvant chemotherapy with melatonin for targeting human cancers: A review. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2356-2372. [PMID: 30192001 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone that has long been known for its antitumoral effects. An advantage of the application of melatonin in cancer therapy is its ability to differentially influence tumors from normal cells. In this review, the roles of melatonin adjuvant therapy in human cancer are discussed. Combination of melatonin with chemotherapy could provide synergistic antitumoral outcomes and resolve drug resistance in affected patients. This combination reduces the dosage for chemotherapeutic agents with the subsequent attenuation of side effects related to these drugs on normal cells around tumor and on healthy organs. The combination therapy increases the rate of survival and improves the quality of life in affected patients. Cancer cell viability is reduced after application of the combinational melatonin therapy. Melatonin does all these functions by adjusting the signals involved in cancer progression, re-establishing the dark/light circadian rhythm, and disrupting the redox system for cancer cells. To achieve effective therapeutic outcomes, melatonin concentration along with the time of incubation for this indoleamine needs to be adjusted. Importantly, a special focus is required to be made on choosing an appropriate chemotherapy agent for using in combination with melatonin. Because of different sensitivities of cancer cells for melatonin combination therapy, cancer-specific targeted therapy is also needed to be considered. For this review, the PubMed database was searched for relevant articles based on the quality of journals, the novelty of articles published by the journals, and the number of citations per year focusing only on human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Eniseh Salehi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Shabani Nashtaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Infertility Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Khanlarkhani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Namjoo
- Department of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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CiRS-7 promotes growth and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via regulation of miR-7/HOXB13. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:838. [PMID: 30082829 PMCID: PMC6079012 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The circular RNA ciRS-7 has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of various tumors, including gastric and colorectal cancer. However, the role of ciRS-7 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unsolved. In this study, we found that the ciRS-7 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC cancer tissues compared with matched normal tissues and associated with poor patient survival. Overexpression of ciRS-7 abrogated the tumor-suppressive roles of miR-7 including cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro as well as tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, ciRS-7 functioned as the sponge of miR-7 and reactivated its downstream HOXB13-mediated NF-κB/p65 pathway. Conclusively, our findings demonstrate how ciRS-7 induces malignant progression of ESCC and that ciRS-7 may act as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for this lethal disease.
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40
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Melatonin Analogue Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Effects on Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051505. [PMID: 29783631 PMCID: PMC5983593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has been indicated as a possible oncostatic agent in different types of cancer, its antiproliferative role being demonstrated in several in vitro and in vivo experimental models of tumors. Specifically, melatonin was proven to inhibit cell growth of both androgen-dependent and independent prostate cancer cells, through various mechanisms. A number of melatonin derivatives have been developed and tested for their role in the prevention and treatment of neoplastic diseases. We recently proved the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of UCM 1037, a newly-synthetized melatonin analogue, on melanoma and breast cancer cells. In this study we evaluated UCM 1037 effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and cytotoxicity in LNCaP, PC3, DU145, and 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells. We demonstrated significant dose- and time-dependent UCM 1037 antiproliferative effects in androgen-sensitive LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells. Data from flow cytometric studies suggest that UCM 1037 is highly cytotoxic in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells, although no substantial increase in the apoptotic cell fraction has been observed. UCM 1037 cytotoxic effects were much less evident in androgen-insensitive PC3 and DU145 cells. Experiments performed to gain insights into the possible mechanism of action of the melatonin derivative revealed that UCM 1037 down-regulates androgen receptor levels and Akt activation in LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells.
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Qu H, Xue Y, Lian W, Wang C, He J, Fu Q, Zhong L, Lin N, Lai L, Ye Z, Wang Q. Melatonin inhibits osteosarcoma stem cells by suppressing SOX9-mediated signaling. Life Sci 2018; 207:253-264. [PMID: 29689273 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) has been reported to suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells in some types of cancer. However, the effects of melatonin on the osteosarcoma stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of osteosarcoma are still not clear. The present study was conducted to dissect the activity of melatonin on the osteosarcoma stem cells and the underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS MTT, wound healing, transwell assay and western blotting were conducted to determine the effect of melatonin on osteosarcoma cell invasion and migration and downregulation of SOX9-mediated signaling. Tumor spheroid assay and FACS analysis were performed to analyze the inhibition of the osteosarcoma stem cells. In vivo model for tumor formation and metastasis from single cell clone was used to evaluate the suppression of osteosarcoma stem cells by melatonin. KEY FINDINGS We demonstrated that melatonin potently suppresses the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, melatonin significantly inhibits the sarcosphere formation of osteosarcoma stem cells and regulates EMT markers of osteosarcoma cells. In vivo mice model showed that melatonin significantly inhibits the initiation and metastasis of osteosarcoma. SOX9 is the key transcription factor mediating the effect of melatonin. Melatonin inhibited of cancer stem cell by down-regulation of SOX9-mediated signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, these results deepen the understanding of the biological functions of melatonin and provide new insights for the intervention of osteosarcoma stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yue Xue
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenwen Lian
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jia He
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qihong Fu
- Hangzhou Normal University School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lijia Zhong
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Nong Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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42
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Mortezaee K. Human hepatocellular carcinoma: Protection by melatonin. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6486-6508. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
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43
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Zou ZW, Liu T, Li Y, Chen P, Peng X, Ma C, Zhang WJ, Li PD. Melatonin suppresses thyroid cancer growth and overcomes radioresistance via inhibition of p65 phosphorylation and induction of ROS. Redox Biol 2018. [PMID: 29525603 PMCID: PMC5854931 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine carcinoma with increasing incidence worldwide and anaplastic subtypes are frequently associated with cancer related death. Radioresistance of thyroid cancer often leads to therapy failure and cancer-related death. In this study, we found that melatonin showed potent suppressive roles on NF-κB signaling via inhibition of p65 phosphorylation and generated redox stress in thyroid cancer including the anaplastic subtypes. Our data showed that melatonin significantly decreased cell viability, suppressed cell migration and induced apoptosis in thyroid cancer cell lines in vitro and impaired tumor growth in the subcutaneous mouse model in vivo. By contrast, irradiation of thyroid cancer cells resulted in elevated level of phosphorylated p65, which could be reversed by cotreatment with melatonin. Consequently, melatonin synergized with irradiation to induce cytotoxicity to thyroid cancer, especially in the undifferentiated subgroups. Taken together, our results suggest that melatonin may exert anti-tumor activities against thyroid carcinoma by inhibition of p65 phosphorylation and induction of reactive oxygen species. Radio-sensitization by melatonin may have clinical benefits in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Wei Zou
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Charlie Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Pin-Dong Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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44
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Asghari MH, Ghobadi E, Moloudizargari M, Fallah M, Abdollahi M. Does the use of melatonin overcome drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy? Life Sci 2018; 196:143-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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45
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Lo Sardo F, Muti P, Blandino G, Strano S. Melatonin and Hippo Pathway: Is There Existing Cross-Talk? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091913. [PMID: 28878191 PMCID: PMC5618562 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an indolic hormone that regulates a plethora of functions ranging from the regulation of circadian rhythms and antioxidant properties to the induction and maintenance of tumor suppressor pathways. It binds to specific receptors as well as to some cytosolic proteins, leading to several cellular signaling cascades. Recently, the involvement of melatonin in cancer insurgence and progression has clearly been demonstrated. In this review, we will first describe the structure and functions of melatonin and its receptors, and then discuss both molecular and epidemiological evidence on melatonin anticancer effects. Finally, we will shed light on potential cross-talk between melatonin signaling and the Hippo signaling pathway, along with the possible implications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lo Sardo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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