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Xiang M, Liu L, Wu T, Wei B, Liu H. RNA-binding proteins in degenerative joint diseases: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101870. [PMID: 36746279 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which are conserved proteins comprising multiple intermediate sequences, can interact with proteins, messenger RNA (mRNA) of coding genes, and non-coding RNAs to perform different biological functions, such as the regulation of mRNA stability, selective polyadenylation, and the management of non-coding microRNA (miRNA) synthesis to affect downstream targets. This article will highlight the functions of RBPs, in degenerative joint diseases (intervertebral disc degeneration [IVDD] and osteoarthritis [OA]). It will reviews the latest advancements on the regulatory mechanism of RBPs in degenerative joint diseases, in order to understand the pathophysiology, early diagnosis and treatment of OA and IVDD from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Tingrui Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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2
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Yang PW, Jiao JY, Chen Z, Zhu XY, Cheng CS. Keep a watchful eye on methionine adenosyltransferases, novel therapeutic opportunities for hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumours. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188793. [PMID: 36089205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferases (MATs) synthesize S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from methionine, which provides methyl groups for DNA, RNA, protein, and lipid methylation. MATs play a critical role in cellular processes, including growth, proliferation, and differentiation, and have been implicated in tumour development and progression. The expression of MATs is altered in hepatobiliary and pancreatic (HBP) cancers, which serves as a rare biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of HBP cancers. Independent of SAM depletion in cells, MATs are often dysregulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. Dysregulation of MATs is involved in carcinogenesis, chemotherapy resistance, T cell exhaustion, activation of tumour-associated macrophages, cancer stemness, and activation of tumourigenic pathways. Targeting MATs both directly and indirectly is a potential therapeutic strategy. This review summarizes the dysregulations of MATs, their proposed mechanism, diagnostic and prognostic roles, and potential therapeutic effects in context of HBP cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Wen Yang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ju-Ying Jiao
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Chien-Shan Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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3
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Li C, Gui G, Zhang L, Qin A, Zhou C, Zha X. Overview of Methionine Adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) as an Anticancer Target: Structure, Function, and Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9531-9547. [PMID: 35796517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the methionine cycle that primarily catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from methionine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). MAT2A has been recognized as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancers. Recently, a few MAT2A inhibitors have been reported, and three entered clinical trials to treat solid tumorsor lymphoma with MTAP loss. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the roles of MAT2A in cancer and the discovery of MAT2A inhibitors. Furthermore, a perspective on the use of MAT2A inhibitors for the treatment of cancer is also discussed. We hope to provide guidance for future drug design and optimization via analysis of the binding modes of known MAT2A inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzheng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Gang Gui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Anqi Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Xiaoming Zha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
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4
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Dietary folate drives methionine metabolism to promote cancer development by stabilizing MAT IIA. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:192. [PMID: 35729157 PMCID: PMC9213445 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Folic acid, served as dietary supplement, is closely linked to one-carbon metabolism and methionine metabolism. Previous clinical evidence indicated that folic acid supplementation displays dual effect on cancer development, promoting or suppressing tumor formation and progression. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be uncovered. Here, we report that high-folate diet significantly promotes cancer development in mice with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by DEN/high-fat diet (HFD), simultaneously with increased expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (gene name, MAT2A; protein name, MATIIα), the key enzyme in methionine metabolism, and acceleration of methionine cycle in cancer tissues. In contrast, folate-free diet reduces MATIIα expression and impedes HFD-induced HCC development. Notably, methionine metabolism is dynamically reprogrammed with valosin-containing protein p97/p47 complex-interacting protein (VCIP135) which functions as a deubiquitylating enzyme to bind and stabilize MATIIα in response to folic acid signal. Consistently, upregulation of MATIIα expression is positively correlated with increased VCIP135 protein level in human HCC tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Furthermore, liver-specific knockout of Mat2a remarkably abolishes the advocating effect of folic acid on HFD-induced HCC, demonstrating that the effect of high or free folate-diet on HFD-induced HCC relies on Mat2a. Moreover, folate and multiple intermediate metabolites in one-carbon metabolism are significantly decreased in vivo and in vitro upon Mat2a deletion. Together, folate promotes the integration of methionine and one-carbon metabolism, contributing to HCC development via hijacking MATIIα metabolic pathway. This study provides insight into folate-promoted cancer development, strongly recommending the tailor-made folate supplement guideline for both sub-healthy populations and patients with cancer expressing high level of MATIIα expression.
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Alam M, Shima H, Matsuo Y, Long NC, Matsumoto M, Ishii Y, Sato N, Sugiyama T, Nobuta R, Hashimoto S, Liu L, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Inada T, Igarashi K. mTORC1-independent translation control in mammalian cells by methionine adenosyltransferase 2A and S-adenosylmethionine. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102084. [PMID: 35636512 PMCID: PMC9243181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). As the sole methyl-donor for methylation of DNA, RNA, and proteins, SAM levels affect gene expression by changing methylation patterns. Expression of MAT2A, the catalytic subunit of isozyme MAT2, is positively correlated with proliferation of cancer cells; however, how MAT2A promotes cell proliferation is largely unknown. Given that the protein synthesis is induced in proliferating cells and that RNA and protein components of translation machinery are methylated, we tested here whether MAT2 and SAM are coupled with protein synthesis. By measuring ongoing protein translation via puromycin labeling, we revealed that MAT2A depletion or chemical inhibition reduced protein synthesis in HeLa and Hepa1 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of MAT2A enhanced protein synthesis, indicating that SAM is limiting under normal culture conditions. In addition, MAT2 inhibition did not accompany reduction in mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 activity but nevertheless reduced polysome formation. Polysome-bound RNA sequencing revealed that MAT2 inhibition decreased translation efficiency of some fraction of mRNAs. MAT2A was also found to interact with the proteins involved in rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis; depletion or inhibition of MAT2 reduced 18S rRNA processing. Finally, quantitative mass spectrometry revealed that some translation factors were dynamically methylated in response to the activity of MAT2A. These observations suggest that cells possess an mTOR-independent regulatory mechanism that tunes translation in response to the levels of SAM. Such a system may acclimate cells for survival when SAM synthesis is reduced, whereas it may support proliferation when SAM is sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahabub Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Animal Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Hiroki Shima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsuo
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nguyen Chi Long
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusho Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nichika Sato
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takato Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Department of Molecular Biopharmacy and Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Risa Nobuta
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Department of Molecular Biopharmacy and Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Department of Molecular Biopharmacy and Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Sendai, Japan
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Inada
- Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Oxidative Stress Aggravates Apoptosis of Nucleus Pulposus Cells through m 6A Modification of MAT2A Pre-mRNA by METTL16. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4036274. [PMID: 35069973 PMCID: PMC8767407 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4036274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is complex, and its mechanism is considered multifactorial. Apoptosis of oxidative stressed nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) should be a fundamental element in the pathogenesis of IVDD. In our pilot study, we found that the expression of MAT2A decreased, and METTL16 increased in the degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues. Previous studies have shown that the balance of splicing, maturation, and degradation of MAT2A pre-mRNA is regulated by METTL16 m6A modification. In the current study, we aimed to figure out whether this mechanism was involved in the aberrant apoptosis of NPCs and IVDD. Human NPCs were isolated and cultured under oxidative stress. An IVDD animal model was established. It showed that significantly higher METTL16 expression and lower MAT2A expression were seen in either the NPCs under oxidative stress or the degenerative discs of the animal model. MAT2A was inhibited with siRNA in vitro or cycloleucine in vivo. METTL16 was overexpressed with lentivirus in vitro or in vivo. Downregulation of MAT2A or upregulation of METTL16 aggravated nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and disc disorganization. The balance of splicing, maturation, and degradation of MAT2A pre-mRNA was significantly inclined to degradation in the NPCs with the overexpression of METTL16. Increased apoptosis of NPCs under oxidative stress could be rescued by reducing the expression of METTL16 using siRNA with more maturation of MAT2A pre-mRNA. Collectively, oxidative stress aggravates apoptosis of NPCs through disrupting the balance of splicing, maturation, and degradation of MAT2A pre-mRNA, which is m6A modified by METTL16.
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7
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Wang Y, Hou Q, Wu Y, Xu Y, Liu Y, Chen J, Xu L, Guo Y, Gao S, Yuan J. Methionine deficiency and its hydroxy analogue influence chicken intestinal 3-dimensional organoid development. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 8:38-51. [PMID: 34977374 PMCID: PMC8669257 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methionine and its hydroxy analogue (MHA) have been shown to benefit mouse intestinal regeneration. The intestinal organoid is a good model that directly reflects the impact of certain nutrients or chemicals on intestinal development. Here, we aimed to establish a chicken intestinal organoid culture method first and then use the model to explore the influence of methionine deficiency and MHA on intestinal organoid development. The results showed that 125-μm cell strainer exhibited the highest efficiency for chicken embryo crypt harvesting. We found that transforming growth factor-β inhibitor (A8301) supplementation promoted enterocyte differentiation at the expense of the proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISC). The mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 inhibitor (SB202190) promoted intestinal organoid formation and enterocyte differentiation but suppressed the differentiation of enteroendocrine cells, goblet cells and Paneth cells. However, the suppression of enteroendocrine cell and Paneth cell differentiation by SB202190 was alleviated at the presence of A8301. The glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitor (CHIR99021), valproic acid (VPA) alone and their combination promoted chicken intestinal organoid formation and enterocyte differentiation at the expense of the expression of Paneth cells and goblet cells. Chicken serum significantly improved organoid formation, especially in the presence of A8301, SB202190, CHIR99021, and VPA, but inhibited the differentiation of Paneth cells and enteroendocrine cells. Chicken serum at a concentration of 0.25% meets the requirement of chicken intestinal organoid development, and the beneficial effect of chicken serum on chicken intestinal organoid culture could not be replaced by fetal bovine serum and insulin-like growth factor-1. Moreover, commercial mouse organoid culture medium supplemented with A8301, SB202190, CHIR99021, VPA, and chicken serum promotes chicken organoid budding. Based on the chicken intestinal organoid model, we found that methionine deficiency mimicked by cycloleucine suppressed organoid formation and organoid size, and this effect was reinforced with increased cycloleucine concentrations. Methionine hydroxy analogue promoted regeneration of ISC but decreased cell differentiation compared with the results obtained with L-methionine. In conclusion, our results provide a potentially excellent guideline for chicken intestinal organoid culture and insights into methionine function in crypt development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qihang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuqin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Sichuan New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Beijing Dafa Chia Tai Co. Ltd., Beijing, 101206, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Gene Breeding and Reproductivity, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Jianmin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Corresponding authors.
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8
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Wu PF, Han QQ, Chen FF, Shen TT, Li YH, Cao Y, Chen JG, Wang F. Erasing m 6A-dependent transcription signature of stress-sensitive genes triggers antidepressant actions. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100390. [PMID: 34527794 PMCID: PMC8430387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that stress responsivity and psychiatric diseases are associated with alterations in N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA epigenetic modifications. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is an m6A demethylase that has been linked to increased body mass and obesity. Here, we show that tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) with weight-gain side effects, such as imipramine and amitriptyline, directly increased FTO expression and activated its epigenetic function in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). VTA-specific genetic disruption of FTO increased stress vulnerability and abolished the antidepressant activity of TCAs, whereas erasing m6A modification in the VTA by FTO overexpression or cycloleucine led to significant antidepressant activity. Mechanistically, both transcriptome sequencing and quantitative PCR revealed that overexpression of FTO in the VTA decreased the transcription of stress-related neuropeptides, such as cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and urocortin, in the social defeat model, which was mimicked by imipramine, suggesting an m6A-dependent transcription mechanism of stress-related neuropeptides may underlie the responses to antidepressant. Collectively, our results demonstrate that inhibiting m6A-dependent transcription of stress-related genes may work as a novel antidepressant strategy and highlight a previously unrecognized activator of FTO-dependent epigenetic function that may be used for the treatment of other neurological diseases. TCAs erase m6A epigenetic modification by activating FTO. FTO mediates the antidepressant activity of TCAs. FTO in the VTA confers stress resistance. FTO in the VTA limits m6A-dependent transcription of stress-sensitive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qian-Qian Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Fu-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian-Tian Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Research Center for Depression, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science, 430030, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430030, China.,Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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9
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Fultang L, Gneo L, De Santo C, Mussai FJ. Targeting Amino Acid Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Myeloid Malignancies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:674720. [PMID: 34094976 PMCID: PMC8174708 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.674720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells require a higher supply of nutrients for growth and proliferation than normal cells. It is well established that metabolic reprograming in cancers for increased nutrient supply exposes a host of targetable vulnerabilities. In this article we review the documented changes in expression patterns of amino acid metabolic enzymes and transporters in myeloid malignancies and the growing list of small molecules and therapeutic strategies used to disrupt amino acid metabolic circuits within the cell. Pharmacological inhibition of amino acid metabolism is effective in inducing cell death in leukemic stem cells and primary blasts, as well as in reducing tumor burden in in vivo murine models of human disease. Thus targeting amino acid metabolism provides a host of potential translational opportunities for exploitation to improve the outcomes for patients with myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livingstone Fultang
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Luciana Gneo
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carmela De Santo
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Francis J Mussai
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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10
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Huang W, Li N, Zhang Y, Wang X, Yin M, Lei QY. AHCYL1 senses SAH to inhibit autophagy through interaction with PIK3C3 in an MTORC1-independent manner. Autophagy 2021; 18:309-319. [PMID: 33993848 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1924038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH), an amino acid derivative, is a key intermediate metabolite in methionine metabolism, which is normally considered as a harmful by-product and hydrolyzed quickly once formed. AHCY (adenosylhomocysteinase) converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine. There are two other members in the AHCY family, AHCYL1 (adenosylhomocysteinase like 1) and AHCYL2 (adenosylhomocysteinase like 2). Here we define AHCYL1 function as a SAH sensor to inhibit macroautophagy/autophagy through PIK3C3. The C terminus of AHCYL1 interacts with SAH specifically and the interaction with SAH promotes the binding of the N terminus to the catalytic domain of PIK3C3, resulting in inhibition of PIK3C3. More importantly, this observation was further validated in vivo, indicating that SAH functions as a signaling molecule. Our study uncovers a new axis of SAH-AHCYL1-PIK3C3, which senses the intracellular level of SAH to inhibit autophagy in an MTORC1-independent manner.Abbreviations: ADOX: adenosine dialdehyde; AHCY: adenosylhomocysteinase; AHCYL1: adenosylhomocysteinase like 1; cLEU: cycloleucine; PIK3C3: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; SAH: S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine; SAM: S-adenosyl-l-methionine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Yin
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun-Ying Lei
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Marjon K, Kalev P, Marks K. Cancer Dependencies: PRMT5 and MAT2A in MTAP/p16-Deleted Cancers. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030419-033444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of targeted therapies that selectively exploit the genetic inactivation of specific tumor suppressors remains a major challenge. This includes the prevalent deletion of the CDKN2A/ MTAP locus, which was first reported nearly 40 years ago. The more recent advent of RNA interference and functional genomic screening technologies led to the identification of hidden collateral lethalities occurring with passenger deletions of MTAP in cancer cells. In particular, small-molecule inhibition of the type II arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 and the S-adenosylmethionine-producing enzyme MAT2A each presents a precision medicine approach for the treatment of patients whose tumors have homozygous loss of MTAP. In this review, we highlight key aspects of MTAP, PRMT5, and MAT2A biology to provide a conceptual framework for developing novel therapeutic strategies in tumors with MTAP deletion and to summarize ongoing efforts to drug PRMT5 and MAT2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Marjon
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Peter Kalev
- Agios Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Kevin Marks
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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12
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Sun H, Kang J, Su J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang F, Lu Z, Xing X, Chen H, Zhang Y. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A regulates mouse zygotic genome activation and morula to blastocyst transition†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:601-617. [PMID: 30265288 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase II (MAT2A) is essential to the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine, a major methyl donor, from L-methionine and ATP. Upon fertilization, zygotic genome activation (ZGA) marks the period that transforms the genome from transcriptional quiescence to robust transcriptional activity. During this period, embryonic epigenome undergoes extensive modifications, including histone methylation changes. However, whether MAT2A participates in histone methylation at the ZGA stage is unknown. Herein, we identified that MAT2A is a pivotal factor for ZGA in mouse embryos. Mat2a knockdown exhibited 2-cell embryo arrest and reduced transcriptional activity but did not affect H3K4me2/3 and H3K9me2/3. When the cycloleucine, a selective inhibitor of MAT2A catalytic activity, was added to a culture medium, embryos were arrested at the morula stage in the same manner as the embryos cultured in an L-methionine-deficient medium. Under these two culture conditions, H3K4me3 levels of morula and blastocyst were much lower than those cultured under normal medium. Furthermore, cycloleucine treatment or methionine starvation apparently reduced the developmental potential of blastocysts. Thus, Mat2a is indispensable for ZGA and morula-to-blastocyst transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzheng Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jianmin Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinjing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jingcheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fengyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhenzhen Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xupeng Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - HuanHuan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
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13
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MAT2A as Key Regulator and Therapeutic Target in MLLr Leukemogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051342. [PMID: 32456310 PMCID: PMC7281730 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation plays a pivotal role in mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) pathogenesis, therefore serving as a suitable therapeutic target. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is the universal methyl donor in human cells and is synthesized by methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A), which is deregulated in different cancer types. Here, we used our human CRISPR/Cas9-MLL-rearranged (CRISPR/Cas9-MLLr) leukemia model, faithfully mimicking MLLr patients’ pathology with indefinite growth potential in vitro, to evaluate the unknown role of MAT2A. Comparable to publicly available patient data, we detected MAT2A to be significantly overexpressed in our CRISPR/Cas9-MLLr model compared to healthy controls. By using non-MLLr and MLLr cell lines and our model, we detected an MLLr-specific enhanced response to PF-9366, a new MAT2A inhibitor, and small interfering (si) RNA-mediated knockdown of MAT2A, by alteration of the proliferation, viability, differentiation, apoptosis, cell cycling, and histone methylation. Moreover, the combinational treatment of PF-9366 with chemotherapy or targeted therapies against the SAM-dependent methyltransferases, disruptor of telomeric silencing 1 like (DOT1L) and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), revealed even more pronounced effects. In summary, we uncovered MAT2A as a key regulator in MLL leukemogenesis and its inhibition led to significant anti-leukemic effects. Therefore, our study paves the avenue for clinical application of PF-9366 to improve the treatment of poor prognosis MLLr leukemia.
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Barve A, Vega A, Shah PP, Ghare S, Casson L, Wunderlich M, Siskind LJ, Beverly LJ. Perturbation of Methionine/S-adenosylmethionine Metabolism as a Novel Vulnerability in MLL Rearranged Leukemia. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111322. [PMID: 31717699 PMCID: PMC6912509 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemias bearing mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) rearrangement (MLL-R) resulting in expression of oncogenic MLL fusion proteins (MLL-FPs) represent an especially aggressive disease subtype with the worst overall prognoses and chemotherapeutic response. MLL-R leukemias are uniquely dependent on the epigenetic function of the H3K79 methyltransferase DOT1L, which is misdirected by MLL-FPs activating gene expression, driving transformation and leukemogenesis. Given the functional necessity of these leukemias to maintain adequate methylation potential allowing aberrant activating histone methylation to proceed, driving leukemic gene expression, we investigated perturbation of methionine (Met)/S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) metabolism as a novel therapeutic paradigm for MLL-R leukemia. Disruption of Met/SAM metabolism, by either methionine deprivation or pharmacologic inhibition of downstream metabolism, reduced overall cellular methylation potential, reduced relative cell numbers, and induced apoptosis selectively in established MLL-AF4 cell lines or MLL-AF6-expressing patient blasts but not in BCR-ABL-driven K562 cells. Global histone methylation dynamics were altered, with a profound loss of requisite H3K79 methylation, indicating inhibition of DOT1L function. Relative occupancy of the repressive H3K27me3 modification was increased at the DOT1L promoter in MLL-R cells, and DOT1L mRNA and protein expression was reduced. Finally, pharmacologic inhibition of Met/SAM metabolism significantly prolonged survival in an advanced, clinically relevant patient–derived MLL-R leukemia xenograft model, in combination with cytotoxic induction chemotherapy. Our findings provide support for further investigation into the development of highly specific allosteric inhibitors of enzymatic mediators of Met/SAM metabolism or dietary manipulation of methionine levels. Such inhibitors may lead to enhanced treatment outcomes for MLL-R leukemia, along with cytotoxic chemotherapy or DOT1L inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Barve
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (A.B.); (L.J.S.)
| | - Alexis Vega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Parag P. Shah
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Smita Ghare
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Lavona Casson
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (S.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Department of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Leah J. Siskind
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (A.B.); (L.J.S.)
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Levi J. Beverly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (A.B.); (L.J.S.)
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (S.G.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +01-502-852-8968
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15
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Simile MM, Peitta G, Tomasi ML, Brozzetti S, Feo CF, Porcu A, Cigliano A, Calvisi DF, Feo F, Pascale RM. MicroRNA-203 impacts on the growth, aggressiveness and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting MAT2A and MAT2B genes. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2835-2854. [PMID: 31073374 PMCID: PMC6497462 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by the down-regulation of the liver-specific methyladenosyltransferase 1A (MAT1A) gene, encoding the S-adenosylmethionine synthesizing isozymes MATI/III, and the up-regulation of the widely expressed methyladenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A), encoding MATII isozyme, and methyladenosyltransferase 2B (MAT2B), encoding a β-subunit without catalytic action that regulates MATII enzymatic activity. Different observations showed hepatocarcinogenesis inhibition by miR-203. We found that miR-203 expression in HCCs is inversely correlated with HCC proliferation and aggressiveness markers, and with MAT2A and MAT2B levels. MiR-203 transfection in HepG2 and Huh7 liver cancer cells targeted the 3'-UTR of MAT2A and MAT2B, inhibiting MAT2A and MAT2B mRNA levels and MATα2 and MATβ2 protein expression. These molecular events were paralleled by an increase in SAM content and were associated with growth restraint and apoptosis, inhibition of cell migration and invasiveness, and suppression of the expression of CD133 and LIN28B stemness markers. In contrast, MAT2B transfection in the same cell lines led to a rise of both MATβ2 and MATα2 expression, associated with increases in cell growth, migration, invasion and overexpression of stemness markers and p-AKT. Altogether, our results indicate that the miR-203 oncosuppressor activity may at least partially depend on its inhibition of MAT2A and MAT2B and show, for the first time, an oncogenic activity of MAT2B linked to AKT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Simile
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Graziella Peitta
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria L Tomasi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefania Brozzetti
- Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio F Feo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Porcu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Cigliano
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Feo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rosa M Pascale
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Yasur-Landau D, Jaffe CL, David L, Doron-Faigenboim A, Baneth G. Resistance of Leishmania infantum to allopurinol is associated with chromosome and gene copy number variations including decrease in the S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (METK) gene copy number. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2018; 8:403-410. [PMID: 30173105 PMCID: PMC6122375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania infantum is one of the causative agents of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a widespread, life-threatening disease. This parasite is responsible for the majority of human VL cases in Brazil, the Middle East, China, Central Asia and the Mediterranean basin. Its main reservoir are domestic dogs which, similar to human patients, may develop severe visceral disease and die if not treated. The drug allopurinol is used for the long-term maintenance of dogs with canine leishmaniasis. Following our report of allopurinol resistance in treated relapsed dogs, we investigated the mechanisms and markers of resistance to this drug. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of clinical resistant and susceptible strains, and laboratory induced resistant parasites, was carried out in order to detect genetic changes associated with resistance. Significant gene copy number variation (CNV) was found between resistant and susceptible isolates at several loci, including a locus on chromosome 30 containing the genes LinJ.30.3550 through LinJ.30.3580. A reduction in copy number for LinJ.30.3560, encoding the S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (METK) gene, was found in two resistant clinical isolates and four induced resistant clonal strains. Using quantitative real time PCR, this reduction in METK copy number was also found in three additional resistant clinical isolates. Furthermore, inhibition of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase encoded by the METK gene in allopurinol susceptible strains resulted in increased allopurinol resistance, confirming its role in resistance to allopurinol. In conclusion, this study identified genetic changes associated with L. infantum resistance to allopurinol and the reduction in METK copy number identified may serve as a marker for resistance in dogs, and reduced protein activity correlated with increased allopurinol resistance. Allopurinol resistance was previously described in L. infantum isolated from dogs. This study aimed at defining the genetic differences between susceptible and resistant strains. Gene and chromosome copy numbers differed between susceptible and resistant L. infantum strains. Decrease in METK gene copies was associated with increased allopurinol resistance. Inhibition of the enzyme encoded by METK increased allopurinol resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles L Jaffe
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lior David
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adi Doron-Faigenboim
- Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Science, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Gad Baneth
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.
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Shima H, Matsumoto M, Ishigami Y, Ebina M, Muto A, Sato Y, Kumagai S, Ochiai K, Suzuki T, Igarashi K. S-Adenosylmethionine Synthesis Is Regulated by Selective N 6-Adenosine Methylation and mRNA Degradation Involving METTL16 and YTHDC1. Cell Rep 2018; 21:3354-3363. [PMID: 29262316 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is an important metabolite as a methyl-group donor in DNA and histone methylation, tuning regulation of gene expression. Appropriate intracellular SAM levels must be maintained, because methyltransferase reaction rates can be limited by SAM availability. In response to SAM depletion, MAT2A, which encodes a ubiquitous mammalian methionine adenosyltransferase isozyme, was upregulated through mRNA stabilization. SAM-depletion reduced N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in the 3' UTR of MAT2A. In vitro reactions using recombinant METTL16 revealed multiple, conserved methylation targets in the 3' UTR. Knockdown of METTL16 and the m6A reader YTHDC1 abolished SAM-responsive regulation of MAT2A. Mutations of the target adenine sites of METTL16 within the 3' UTR revealed that these m6As were redundantly required for regulation. MAT2A mRNA methylation by METTL16 is read by YTHDC1, and we suggest that this allows cells to monitor and maintain intracellular SAM levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Shima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuma Ishigami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ebina
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akihiko Muto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuho Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kumagai
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ochiai
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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MAT2A promotes porcine adipogenesis by mediating H3K27me3 at Wnt10b locus and repressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1863:132-142. [PMID: 29133280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) is a critical biological enzyme and that can catalyze L-met and ATP to form S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), which is acted as a biological methyl donor in transmethylation reactions involving histone methylation. However, the regulatory effect of methionine adenosyltransferase2A (MAT2A) and its associated methyltransferase activity on adipogenesis is still unclear. In this study, we investigate the effect of MAT2A on adipogenesis and its potential mechanism on histone methylation during porcine preadipocyte differentiation. We demonstrated that overexpression of MAT2A promoted lipid accumulation and significantly up-regulated the levels of adipogenic marker genes including PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and aP2. Whereas, knockdown of MAT2A or inhibition MATII enzyme activity inhibited lipid accumulation and down-regulated the expression of the above-mentioned genes. Mechanistic studies revealed that MAT2A interacted with histone-lysine N-methyltransferase Ezh2 and was recruited to Wnt10b promoter to repress its expression by promoting H3K27 methylation. Additionally, MAT2A interacted with MafK protein and was recruited to MARE element at Wnt10b gene. The catalytic activity of MAT2A as well as its interacting factor-MAT2B, was required for Wnt10b repression and supplying SAM for methyltransferases. Moreover, MAT2A suppressed Wnt10b expression and further inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote adipogenesis.
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Firestone RS, Schramm VL. The Transition-State Structure for Human MAT2A from Isotope Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13754-13760. [PMID: 28880543 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human methionine S-adenosyltransferase (MAT2A) catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from ATP and methionine. Synthetic lethal genetic analysis has identified MAT2A as an anticancer target in tumor cells lacking expression of 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). Approximately 15% of human cancers are MTAP-/-. The remainder can be rendered MTAP- through MTAP inhibitors. We used kinetic isotope effect (KIE), commitment factor (Cf), and binding isotope effect (BIE) measurements combined with quantum mechanical (QM) calculations to solve the transition state structure of human MAT2A. The reaction is characterized by an advanced SN2 transition state. The bond forming from the nucleophilic methionine sulfur to the 5'-C of ATP is 2.03 Å at the transition state (bond order of 0.67). Departure of the leaving group triphosphate of ATP is well advanced and forms a 2.32 Å bond between the 5'-C of ATP and the oxygen of the triphosphate (bond order of 0.23). Interaction of MAT2A with its MAT2B regulatory subunit causes no change in the intrinsic KIEs, indicating the same transition state structure. The transition state for MAT2A is more advanced along the reaction coordinate (more product-like) than that from the near-symmetrical transition state of methionine adenosyltransferase from E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross S Firestone
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, New York 10461, United States
| | - Vern L Schramm
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, New York 10461, United States
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20
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Targeting S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis with a novel allosteric inhibitor of Mat2A. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:785-792. [PMID: 28553945 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is an enzyme cofactor used in methyl transfer reactions and polyamine biosynthesis. The biosynthesis of SAM from ATP and L-methionine is performed by the methionine adenosyltransferase enzyme family (Mat; EC 2.5.1.6). Human methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (Mat2A), the extrahepatic isoform, is often deregulated in cancer. We identified a Mat2A inhibitor, PF-9366, that binds an allosteric site on Mat2A that overlaps with the binding site for the Mat2A regulator, Mat2B. Studies exploiting PF-9366 suggested a general mode of Mat2A allosteric regulation. Allosteric binding of PF-9366 or Mat2B altered the Mat2A active site, resulting in increased substrate affinity and decreased enzyme turnover. These data support a model whereby Mat2B functions as an inhibitor of Mat2A activity when methionine or SAM levels are high, yet functions as an activator of Mat2A when methionine or SAM levels are low. The ramification of Mat2A activity modulation in cancer cells is also described.
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MAT2B promotes adipogenesis by modulating SAMe levels and activating AKT/ERK pathway during porcine intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation. Exp Cell Res 2016; 344:11-21. [PMID: 26940012 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) has been demonstrated as one of the crucial factors of livestock meat quality. The MAT2B protein with MAT2α catalyzes the formation of methyl donor S- adenosylmethionine (SAMe) to mediate cell metabolism including proliferation and apoptosis. However, the regulatory effect of MAT2B on IMF deposition is still unclear. In this study, the effect of MAT2B on adipogenesis and its potential mechanism during porcine intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation was studied. The results showed that overexpression of MAT2B promoted adipogenesis and significantly up-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of adipogenic marker genes including FASN, PPARγ and aP2, consistently, knockdown of MAT2B inhibited lipid accumulation and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of the above genes. Furthermore, flow cytometry and EdU-labeling assay indicated that MAT2B regulate adipogenesis was partly due to influence intracellular SAMe levels and further affect cell clonal expansion. Also, increased expression of MAT2B activated the phosphorylations of AKT and ERK1/2, whereas knockdown of MAT2B blocked AKT signaling and repressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of LY294002 (a specific PI3K inhibitor) on the activities of AKT and ERK1/2 was partially recovered by overexpression of MAT2B in porcine intramuscular adipocytes. Finally, Co-IP experiments showed that MAT2B can directly interact with AKT. Taken together, our findings suggested that MAT2B acted as a positive regulator through modifying SAMe levels as well as activating AKT/ERK signaling pathway to promote porcine intramuscular adipocyte differentiation.
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22
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Costa O, Schneider P, Coquet L, Chan P, Penther D, Legrand E, Jouenne T, Vasse M, Vannier JP. Proteomic profile of pre - B2 lymphoblasts from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in relation with the translocation (12; 21). Clin Proteomics 2014; 11:31. [PMID: 25136288 PMCID: PMC4128613 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-11-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Until now, the major prognostic factors for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), age, white blood cell count and chromosomal alterations are initially taken into account for the risk stratification of patients. In the light of protein marker studies to classify subtypes of Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia efficiently, we have compared the lymphoblastes proteome in Childhood ALL in accordance with the presence of t(12;21), indicator of good prognosis, usually. Methods Protein expression in pre-B2 lymphoblastic cells, collected from residual bone marrow cells after diagnostic procedures, was analyzed using two dimensional gel electrophoresis protocol. Protein spots whose average normalized volumes were statistically different in the two patients groups (n = 13; student t test p < 0.01), were excised. Tryptic peptides were then analyzed using a nano-LC1200 system coupled to a 6340 Ion Trap mass spectrometer equipped with a HPLC-chip cube interface. The tandem mass spectrometry peak lists extracted using the DataAnalysis program, were compared with the protein database Mascot Daemon. Results We focused on twelve spots corresponding to sixteen identified candidate proteins among the 26 found differentially expressed (p ≤ 0.05) regarding the presence of t(12;21). Among over expressed proteins, two proteins were implicated in cellular growth arrest (i.e. calponine 2, p ≤ 0.001 and phosphatidylinositol transfer protein beta, p ≤ 0.001) in accordance with good prognosis, while two other proteins favored cell cycle proliferation (i.e. methionine adenosyl transferase 2β, p ≤ 0.005 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleo-proteins A2 p ≤ 0.01) and could therefore be good marker candidates of aggressiveness. Level of expression of proteasome subunit beta type-2 (p ≤ 0.01) and protein casein kinase 2α (p ≤ 0.01) which both favored apoptosis, deubiquitinating enzyme OTUB1 (p ≤ 0.05) and MLL septin-like fusion protein MSF-B, septin 9 i4 (p ≤ 0.01) were in accord with a good prognosis related to t(12;21) lymphoblasts. Conclusion By drawing up the protein map of leukemic cells, these new data identified marker candidates of leukemic aggressiveness and new t(12;21) patients subgroups. These preliminary results will be in the near future confirmed by using a larger sample of pre-B2 childhood ALLs from national lymphoblastic cell collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Costa
- Laboratoire MERCI, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rouen, 123 boulevard Gambetta, Rouen, Cedex 76183, France
| | - Pascale Schneider
- Laboratoire MERCI, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rouen, 123 boulevard Gambetta, Rouen, Cedex 76183, France ; Service d'Immuno-Hématologie Onco-pédiatrique du CHRU de Rouen, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen 76031, France
| | - Laurent Coquet
- PISSARO Proteomic facility, (IRIB), U-Rouen, Mont Saint- Aignan, France ; CNRS UMR 6270, Team « Biofilms, Résistance, Interactions Cellules-Surfaces », U-Rouen, Mont Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Philippe Chan
- PISSARO Proteomic facility, (IRIB), U-Rouen, Mont Saint- Aignan, France
| | - Dominique Penther
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen 76000, France
| | - Elisabeth Legrand
- Laboratoire MERCI, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rouen, 123 boulevard Gambetta, Rouen, Cedex 76183, France
| | - Thierry Jouenne
- PISSARO Proteomic facility, (IRIB), U-Rouen, Mont Saint- Aignan, France ; CNRS UMR 6270, Team « Biofilms, Résistance, Interactions Cellules-Surfaces », U-Rouen, Mont Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marc Vasse
- Laboratoire MERCI, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rouen, 123 boulevard Gambetta, Rouen, Cedex 76183, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Vannier
- Laboratoire MERCI, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rouen, 123 boulevard Gambetta, Rouen, Cedex 76183, France ; Service d'Immuno-Hématologie Onco-pédiatrique du CHRU de Rouen, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen 76031, France
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Murray B, Antonyuk SV, Marina A, Van Liempd SM, Lu SC, Mato JM, Hasnain SS, Rojas AL. Structure and function study of the complex that synthesizes S-adenosylmethionine. IUCRJ 2014; 1:240-9. [PMID: 25075345 PMCID: PMC4107924 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252514012585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is the principal methyl donor of the cell and is synthesized via an ATP-driven process by methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) enzymes. It is tightly linked with cell proliferation in liver and colon cancer. In humans, there are three genes, mat1A, mat2A and mat2B, which encode MAT enzymes. mat2A and mat2B transcribe MATα2 and MATβ enzyme subunits, respectively, with catalytic and regulatory roles. The MATα2β complex is expressed in nearly all tissues and is thought to be essential in providing the necessary SAMe flux for methylation of DNA and various proteins including histones. In human hepatocellular carcinoma mat2A and mat2B genes are upregulated, highlighting the importance of the MATα2β complex in liver disease. The individual subunits have been structurally characterized but the nature of the complex has remained elusive despite its existence having been postulated for more than 20 years and the observation that MATβ is often co-localized with MATα2. Though SAMe can be produced by MAT(α2)4 alone, this paper shows that the V max of the MATα2β complex is three- to fourfold higher depending on the variants of MATβ that participate in complex formation. Using X-ray crystallography and solution X-ray scattering, the first structures are provided of this 258 kDa functional complex both in crystals and solution with an unexpected stoichiometry of 4α2 and 2βV2 subunits. It is demonstrated that the N-terminal regulates the activity of the complex and it is shown that complex formation takes place surprisingly via the C-terminal of MATβV2 that buries itself in a tunnel created at the interface of the MAT(α2)2. The structural data suggest a unique mechanism of regulation and provide a gateway for structure-based drug design in anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Murray
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZX, England
- Structural Biology Unit CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Svetlana V. Antonyuk
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZX, England
| | - Alberto Marina
- Structural Biology Unit CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sebastiaan M. Van Liempd
- Metabolomics Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, USC–UCLA Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jose M. Mato
- Metabolomics Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - S. Samar Hasnain
- Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZX, England
| | - Adriana L. Rojas
- Structural Biology Unit CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
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Lin DW, Chung BP, Kaiser P. S-adenosylmethionine limitation induces p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and triggers cell cycle arrest in G1. J Cell Sci 2013; 127:50-9. [PMID: 24155332 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.127811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary methyl group donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is important for a plethora of cellular pathways including methylation of nucleic acids, proteins, and the 5' cap structure of mRNAs, as well as biosynthesis of phospholipids and polyamines. In addition, because it is the cofactor for chromatin methylation, SAM is an important metabolite for the establishment and maintenance of epigenetic marks. Here, we demonstrate that cells halt proliferation when SAM levels become low. Cell cycle arrest occurs primarily in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and is accompanied by activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 (MAPK14) and subsequent phosphorylation of MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 (MK2). Surprisingly, Cdk4 activity remains high during cell cycle arrest, whereas Cdk2 activity decreases concomitantly with cyclin E levels. Cell cycle arrest was induced by both pharmacological and genetic manipulation of SAM synthesis through inhibition or downregulation of methionine adenosyltransferase, respectively. Depletion of methionine, the precursor of SAM, from the growth medium induced a similar cell cycle arrest. Unexpectedly, neither methionine depletion nor inhibition of methionine adenosyltransferase significantly affected mTORC1 activity, suggesting that the cellular response to SAM limitation is independent from this major nutrient-sensing pathway. These results demonstrate a G1 cell cycle checkpoint that responds to limiting levels of the principal cellular methyl group donor S-adenosylmethionine. This metabolic checkpoint might play important roles in maintenance of epigenetic stability and general cellular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Lin
- University of California Irvine, Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Medicine, 240D Med Sci I, Irvine, CA 92697-1700, USA
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25
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Sant KE, Dolinoy DC, Nahar MS, Harris C. Inhibition of proteolysis in histiotrophic nutrition pathways alters DNA methylation and one-carbon metabolism in the organogenesis-stage rat conceptus. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:1479-87. [PMID: 23453262 PMCID: PMC4142195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, contribute to the transcriptional regulation of developmental genes that control growth and differentiation during embryogenesis. The methyl donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), is biosynthesized from methionine and adenosine triphosphate by methionine adenosyltransferase 2a (Mat2a) in the one-carbon (C1) metabolism pathway. SAM biosynthesis requires a steady supply of nutrients, vitamins and cofactors obtained by the developing conceptus through histiotrophic nutrition pathways (HNPs). The visceral yolk sac (VYS) captures proteins and their substrate cargos by receptor-mediated endocytosis and degrades them using lysosomal proteases. We hypothesize that leupeptin, a protease inhibitor, reduces the availability of methionine and C1 substrates, restricting SAM biosynthesis and altering patterns of DNA methylation. Rat conceptuses were exposed to 50 and 100 μM leupeptin in whole embryo culture for periods of 26 h from gestational day (GD) 10 or 6 h on GD11. After 6 h on GD11, the 100-μM leupeptin treatment significantly decreased methionine in embryo (EMB) and VYS, reduced Mat2a protein levels and inhibited Mat2a specific activity, all of which produced a significant 52% reduction of SAM in the VYS. The 50- and 100-μM leupeptin treatments significantly decreased global methylation levels by 6%-9% in EMB and by 11%-15% in VYS following both 6- and 26-h exposure periods. This study demonstrates that HNP disruption alters C1 activity and significantly reduces global DNA methylation during organogenesis. Because epigenetic reprogramming is crucial for normal differentiation and growth, these findings suggest a possible mechanism through which nutrients and environmental factors may alter early developmental regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karilyn E. Sant
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Dana C. Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Muna S. Nahar
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Craig Harris
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
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Kera Y, Katoh Y, Ohta M, Matsumoto M, Takano-Yamamoto T, Igarashi K. Methionine adenosyltransferase II-dependent histone H3K9 methylation at the COX-2 gene locus. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:13592-601. [PMID: 23539621 PMCID: PMC3650394 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.429738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MATII biosynthesizes AdoMet, which supplies methyl group for methylation of molecules, including histone. RESULTS MATII interacts with histone methyltransferase SETDB1 and inhibits COX-2 gene expression. CONCLUSION AdoMet synthesis and histone methylation are coupled on chromatin by a physical interaction of MATII and SETDB1 at the MafK target genes. SIGNIFICANCE MATII may be important for both gene-specific and epigenome-wide regulation of histone methylation. Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) synthesizes S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), which is utilized as a methyl donor in transmethylation reactions involving histones. MATIIα, a MAT isozyme, serves as a transcriptional corepressor in the oxidative stress response and forms the AdoMet-integrating transcription regulation module, affecting histone methyltransferase activities. However, the identities of genes regulated by MATIIα or its associated methyltransferases are unclear. We show that MATIIα represses the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), encoded by Ptgs2, by specifically interacting with histone H3K9 methyltransferase SETDB1, thereby promoting the trimethylation of H3K9 at the COX-2 locus. We discuss both gene-specific and epigenome-wide functions of MATIIα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kera
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- the Department of Orthopedics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan, and
| | - Yasutake Katoh
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mineto Ohta
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Teruko Takano-Yamamoto
- the Department of Orthopedics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan, and
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- CREST (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Ding Y, Liu W, Deng Y, Jomok B, Yang J, Huang W, Clark KJ, Zhong TP, Lin X, Ekker SC, Xu X. Trapping cardiac recessive mutants via expression-based insertional mutagenesis screening. Circ Res 2013; 112:606-17. [PMID: 23283723 PMCID: PMC3603352 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.112.300603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mutagenesis screening is a powerful genetic tool for probing biological mechanisms underlying vertebrate development and human diseases. However, the increased colony management efforts in vertebrates impose a significant challenge for identifying genes affecting a particular organ, such as the heart, especially those exhibiting adult phenotypes on depletion. OBJECTIVE We aim to develop a facile approach that streamlines colony management efforts via enriching cardiac mutants, which enables us to screen for adult phenotypes. METHODS AND RESULTS The transparency of the zebrafish embryos enabled us to score 67 stable transgenic lines generated from an insertional mutagenesis screen using a transposon-based protein trapping vector. Fifteen lines with cardiac monomeric red fluorescent protein reporter expression were identified. We defined the molecular nature for 10 lines and bred them to homozygosity, which led to the identification of 1 embryonic lethal, 1 larval lethal, and 1 adult recessive mutant exhibiting cardiac hypertrophy at 1 year of age. Further characterization of these mutants uncovered an essential function of methionine adenosyltransferase II, α a (mat2aa) in cardiogenesis, an essential function of mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18B (mrps18b) in cardiac mitochondrial homeostasis, as well as a function of DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 6b (dnajb6b) in adult cardiac hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that transposon-based gene trapping is an efficient approach for identifying both embryonic and adult recessive mutants with cardiac expression. The generation of a zebrafish insertional cardiac mutant collection shall facilitate the annotation of a vertebrate cardiac genome, as well as enable heart-based adult screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghe Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Department of Genetics and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, P.R. China
| | - Weibin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Beninio Jomok
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Jingchun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Karl J. Clark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Tao P. Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Stephen C. Ekker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905
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Booher K, Lin DW, Borrego SL, Kaiser P. Downregulation of Cdc6 and pre-replication complexes in response to methionine stress in breast cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:4414-23. [PMID: 23159852 DOI: 10.4161/cc.22767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine and homocysteine are metabolites in the transmethylation pathway leading to synthesis of the methyl-donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Most cancer cells stop proliferating during methionine stress conditions, when methionine is replaced in the growth media by its immediate metabolic precursor homocysteine (Met-Hcy+). Non-transformed cells proliferate in Met-Hcy+ media, making the methionine metabolic requirement of cancer cells an attractive target for therapy, yet there is relatively little known about the molecular mechanisms governing the methionine stress response in cancer cells. To study this phenomenon in breast cancer cells, we selected methionine-independent-resistant cell lines derived from MDAMB468 breast cancer cells. Resistant cells grew normally in Met-Hcy+ media, whereas their parental MDAMB468 cells rapidly arrest in the G 1 phase. Remarkably, supplementing Met-Hcy+ growth media with S-adenosylmethionine suppressed the cell proliferation defects, indicating that methionine stress is a consequence of SAM limitation rather than low amino acid concentrations. Accordingly, mTORC1 activity, the primary effector responding to amino acid limitation, remained high. However, we found that levels of the replication factor Cdc6 decreased and pre-replication complexes were destabilized in methionine-stressed MDAMB468 but not resistant cells. Our study characterizes metabolite requirements and cell cycle responses that occur during methionine stress in breast cancer cells and helps explain the metabolic uniqueness of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Booher
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
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Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet, also known as SAM and SAMe) is the principal biological methyl donor synthesized in all mammalian cells but most abundantly in the liver. Biosynthesis of AdoMet requires the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT). In mammals, two genes, MAT1A that is largely expressed by normal liver and MAT2A that is expressed by all extrahepatic tissues, encode MAT. Patients with chronic liver disease have reduced MAT activity and AdoMet levels. Mice lacking Mat1a have reduced hepatic AdoMet levels and develop oxidative stress, steatohepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In these mice, several signaling pathways are abnormal that can contribute to HCC formation. However, injury and HCC also occur if hepatic AdoMet level is excessive chronically. This can result from inactive mutation of the enzyme glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT). Children with GNMT mutation have elevated liver transaminases, and Gnmt knockout mice develop liver injury, fibrosis, and HCC. Thus a normal hepatic AdoMet level is necessary to maintain liver health and prevent injury and HCC. AdoMet is effective in cholestasis of pregnancy, and its role in other human liver diseases remains to be better defined. In experimental models, it is effective as a chemopreventive agent in HCC and perhaps other forms of cancer as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly C Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, USC Research Center for Liver Diseases, Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
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Ryu CS, Kwak HC, Lee KS, Kang KW, Oh SJ, Lee KH, Kim HM, Ma JY, Kim SK. Sulfur amino acid metabolism in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 255:94-102. [PMID: 21703291 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although methionine dependency is a phenotypic characteristic of tumor cells, it remains to be determined whether changes in sulfur amino acid metabolism occur in cancer cells resistant to chemotherapeutic medications. We compared expression/activity of sulfur amino acid metabolizing enzymes and cellular levels of sulfur amino acids and their metabolites between normal MCF-7 cells and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/Adr) cells. The S-adenosylmethionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio, an index of transmethylation potential, in MCF-7/Adr cells decreased to ~10% relative to that in MCF-7 cells, which may have resulted from down-regulation of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. Expression of homocysteine-clearing enzymes, such as cystathionine beta-synthase, methionine synthase/methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, and betaine homocysteine methyltransferase, was up-regulated in MCF-7/Adr cells, suggesting that acquiring doxorubicin resistance attenuated methionine-dependence and activated transsulfuration from methionine to cysteine. Homocysteine was similar, which is associated with a balance between the increased expressions of homocysteine-clearing enzymes and decreased extracellular homocysteine. Despite an elevation in cysteine, cellular GSH decreased in MCF-7/Adr cells, which was attributed to over-efflux of GSH into the medium and down-regulation of the GSH synthesis enzyme. Consequently, MCF-7/Adr cells were more sensitive to the oxidative stress induced by bleomycin and menadione than MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that regulating sulfur amino acid metabolism may be a possible therapeutic target for chemoresistant cancer cells. These results warrant further investigations to determine the role of sulfur amino acid metabolism in acquiring anticancer drug resistance in cancer cells using chemical and biological regulators involved in sulfur amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Seon Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and RCTCP, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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31
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Grumelli S, Lu B, Peterson L, Maeno T, Gerard C. CD46 protects against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18785. [PMID: 21573156 PMCID: PMC3089601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema develops in 15% of ex-smokers despite sustained quitting, while 10% are free of emphysema or severe lung obstruction. The cause of the incapacity of the immune system to clear the inflammation in the first group remains unclear. Methods and Findings We searched genes that were protecting ex-smokers without emphysema, using microarrays on portions of human lungs surgically removed; we found that loss of lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema was associated with a lower expression of CD46 and verified this finding by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. Also, there was a significant association among decreased CD46+ cells with decreased CD4+T cells, apoptosis mediator CD95 and increased CD8+T cells that were protecting patients without emphysema or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CD46 not only regulates the production of T regulatory cells, which suppresses CD8+T cell proliferation, but also the complement cascade by degradation of C3b. These results were replicated in the murine smoking model, which showed increased C5a (produced by C3b) that suppressed IL12 mediated bias to T helper 1 cells and elastin co-precipitation with C3b, suggesting that elastin could be presented as an antigen. Thus, using ELISA from elastin peptides, we verified that 43% of the patients with severe early onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease tested positive for IgG to elastin in their serum compared to healthy controls. Conclusions These data suggest that higher expression of CD46 in the lungs of ex-smoker protects them from emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by clearing the inflammation impeding the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and necrosis, achieved by production of T regulatory cells and degradation of C3b; restraining the complement cascade favors apoptosis over necrosis, protecting them from autoimmunity and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Grumelli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Respiratoria, Universidad Católica de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Bao Lu
- Pulmonary Division, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leif Peterson
- Department of Medicine Chronic Disease Prevention and Research Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Toshitaka Maeno
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Craig Gerard
- Pulmonary Division, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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