1
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Agca S, Kir S. The role of interleukin-6 family cytokines in cancer cachexia. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38975832 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Cachexia is a wasting syndrome that manifests in more than half of all cancer patients. Cancer-associated cachexia negatively influences the survival of patients and their quality of life. It is characterized by a rapid loss of adipose and skeletal muscle tissues, which is partly mediated by inflammatory cytokines. Here, we explored the crucial roles of interleukin-6 (IL-6) family cytokines, including IL-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin M, in the development of cancer cachexia. These cytokines have been shown to exacerbate cachexia by promoting the wasting of adipose and muscle tissues, activating mechanisms that enhance lipolysis and proteolysis. Overlapping effects of the IL-6 family cytokines depend on janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling. We argue that the blockade of these cytokine pathways individually may fail due to redundancy and future therapeutic approaches should target common downstream elements to yield effective clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samet Agca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Chen X, Li Y, Xu J, Cui Y, Wu Q, Yin H, Li Y, Gao C, Jiang L, Wang H, Wen Z, Yao Z, Wu Z. Styxl2 regulates de novo sarcomere assembly by binding to non-muscle myosin IIs and promoting their degradation. eLife 2024; 12:RP87434. [PMID: 38829202 PMCID: PMC11147509 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Styxl2, a poorly characterized pseudophosphatase, was identified as a transcriptional target of the Jak1-Stat1 pathway during myoblast differentiation in culture. Styxl2 is specifically expressed in vertebrate striated muscles. By gene knockdown in zebrafish or genetic knockout in mice, we found that Styxl2 plays an essential role in maintaining sarcomere integrity in developing muscles. To further reveal the functions of Styxl2 in adult muscles, we generated two inducible knockout mouse models: one with Styxl2 being deleted in mature myofibers to assess its role in sarcomere maintenance, and the other in adult muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) to assess its role in de novo sarcomere assembly. We find that Styxl2 is not required for sarcomere maintenance but functions in de novo sarcomere assembly during injury-induced muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, Styxl2 interacts with non-muscle myosin IIs, enhances their ubiquitination, and targets them for autophagy-dependent degradation. Without Styxl2, the degradation of non-muscle myosin IIs is delayed, which leads to defective sarcomere assembly and force generation. Thus, Styxl2 promotes de novo sarcomere assembly by interacting with non-muscle myosin IIs and facilitating their autophagic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Chen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Jin Xu
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Haidi Yin
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Chuan Gao
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Huating Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Zilong Wen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Zhongping Yao
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & TechnologyHong KongChina
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3
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Mou K, Chan SMH, Vlahos R. Musculoskeletal crosstalk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities: Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108635. [PMID: 38508342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifaceted respiratory disorder characterized by progressive airflow limitation and systemic implications. It has become increasingly apparent that COPD exerts its influence far beyond the respiratory system, extending its impact to various organ systems. Among these, the musculoskeletal system emerges as a central player in both the pathogenesis and management of COPD and its associated comorbidities. Muscle dysfunction and osteoporosis are prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in COPD patients, leading to a substantial decline in exercise capacity and overall health. These manifestations are influenced by systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal imbalances, all hallmarks of COPD. Recent research has uncovered an intricate interplay between COPD and musculoskeletal comorbidities, suggesting that muscle and bone tissues may cross-communicate through the release of signalling molecules, known as "myokines" and "osteokines". We explored this dynamic relationship, with a particular focus on the role of the immune system in mediating the cross-communication between muscle and bone in COPD. Moreover, we delved into existing and emerging therapeutic strategies for managing musculoskeletal disorders in COPD. It underscores the development of personalized treatment approaches that target both the respiratory and musculoskeletal aspects of COPD, offering the promise of improved well-being and quality of life for individuals grappling with this complex condition. This comprehensive review underscores the significance of recognizing the profound impact of COPD on the musculoskeletal system and its comorbidities. By unravelling the intricate connections between these systems and exploring innovative treatment avenues, we can aspire to enhance the overall care and outcomes for COPD patients, ultimately offering hope for improved health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mou
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stanley M H Chan
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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4
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Domaniku-Waraich A, Agca S, Toledo B, Sucuoglu M, Özen SD, Bilgic SN, Arabaci DH, Kashgari AE, Kir S. Oncostatin M signaling drives cancer-associated skeletal muscle wasting. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101498. [PMID: 38569555 PMCID: PMC11031427 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Progressive weakness and muscle loss are associated with multiple chronic conditions, including muscular dystrophy and cancer. Cancer-associated cachexia, characterized by dramatic weight loss and fatigue, leads to reduced quality of life and poor survival. Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in muscle atrophy; however, available anticytokine therapies failed to prevent muscle wasting in cancer patients. Here, we show that oncostatin M (OSM) is a potent inducer of muscle atrophy. OSM triggers cellular atrophy in primary myotubes using the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Identification of OSM targets by RNA sequencing reveals the induction of various muscle atrophy-related genes, including Atrogin1. OSM overexpression in mice causes muscle wasting, whereas muscle-specific deletion of the OSM receptor (OSMR) and the neutralization of circulating OSM preserves muscle mass and function in tumor-bearing mice. Our results indicate that activated OSM/OSMR signaling drives muscle atrophy, and the therapeutic targeting of this pathway may be useful in preventing muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samet Agca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye
| | - Batu Toledo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye
| | - Melis Sucuoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye
| | - Sevgi Döndü Özen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye
| | - Sevval Nur Bilgic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye
| | - Dilsad Hilal Arabaci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye
| | - Aynur Erkin Kashgari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye
| | - Serkan Kir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkiye.
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5
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Xu HR, Le VV, Oprescu SN, Kuang S. Muscle stem cells as immunomodulator during regeneration. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:221-238. [PMID: 38670707 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is well known for its remarkable ability to regenerate after injuries. The regeneration is a complex and dynamic process that involves muscle stem cells (also called muscle satellite cells, MuSCs), fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), immune cells, and other muscle-resident cell populations. The MuSCs are the myogenic cell populaiton that contribute nuclei directly to the regenerated myofibers, while the other cell types collaboratively establish a microenvironment that facilitates myogenesis of MuSCs. The myogenic process includes activation, proliferation and differentiationof MuSCs, and subsequent fusion their descendent mononuclear myocytes into multinuclear myotubes. While the contributions of FAPs and immune cells to this microenvironment have been well studied, the influence of MuSCs on other cell types remains poorly understood. This review explores recent evidence supporting the potential role of MuSCs as immunomodulators during muscle regeneration, either through cytokine production or ligand-receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rex Xu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Victor V Le
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Stephanie N Oprescu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
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6
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Huang Z. Evidence that Alzheimer's Disease Is a Disease of Competitive Synaptic Plasticity Gone Awry. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:447-470. [PMID: 38669548 PMCID: PMC11119021 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that a physiological function of amyloid-β (Aβ) is to mediate neural activity-dependent homeostatic and competitive synaptic plasticity in the brain. I have previously summarized the lines of evidence supporting this hypothesis and highlighted the similarities between Aβ and anti-microbial peptides in mediating cell/synapse competition. In cell competition, anti-microbial peptides deploy a multitude of mechanisms to ensure both self-protection and competitor elimination. Here I review recent studies showing that similar mechanisms are at play in Aβ-mediated synapse competition and perturbations in these mechanisms underpin Alzheimer's disease (AD). Specifically, I discuss evidence that Aβ and ApoE, two crucial players in AD, co-operate in the regulation of synapse competition. Glial ApoE promotes self-protection by increasing the production of trophic monomeric Aβ and inhibiting its assembly into toxic oligomers. Conversely, Aβ oligomers, once assembled, promote the elimination of competitor synapses via direct toxic activity and amplification of "eat-me" signals promoting the elimination of weak synapses. I further summarize evidence that neuronal ApoE may be part of a gene regulatory network that normally promotes competitive plasticity, explaining the selective vulnerability of ApoE expressing neurons in AD brains. Lastly, I discuss evidence that sleep may be key to Aβ-orchestrated plasticity, in which sleep is not only induced by Aβ but is also required for Aβ-mediated plasticity, underlining the link between sleep and AD. Together, these results strongly argue that AD is a disease of competitive synaptic plasticity gone awry, a novel perspective that may promote AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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7
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Liu H, Pan D, Li P, Wang D, Xia B, Zhang R, Lu J, Xing X, Du J, Zhang X, Jin L, Jiang L, Yao L, Li M, Wu J. Loss of ZBED6 Protects Against Sepsis-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Upregulating DOCK3-Mediated RAC1/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Pigs. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302298. [PMID: 37551034 PMCID: PMC10582467 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced muscle atrophy often increases morbidity and mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, yet neither therapeutic target nor optimal animal model is available for this disease. Here, by modifying the surgical strategy of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a novel sepsis pig model is created that for the first time recapitulates the whole course of sepsis in humans. With this model and sepsis patients, increased levels of the transcription factor zinc finger BED-type containing 6 (ZBED6) in skeletal muscle are shown. Protection against sepsis-induced muscle wasting in ZBED6-deficient pigs is further demonstrated. Mechanistically, integrated analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq reveals dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3) as the direct target of ZBED6. In septic ZBED6-deficient pigs, DOCK3 expression is increased in skeletal muscle and myocytes, activating the RAC1/PI3K/AKT pathway and protecting against sepsis-induced muscle wasting. Conversely, opposite gene expression patterns and exacerbated muscle wasting are observed in septic ZBED6-overexpressing myotubes. Notably, sepsis patients show increased ZBED6 expression along with reduced DOCK3 and downregulated RAC1/PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings suggest that ZBED6 is a potential therapeutic target for sepsis-induced muscle atrophy, and the established sepsis pig model is a valuable tool for understanding sepsis pathogenesis and developing its therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China
| | - Dengke Pan
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduSichuan610072China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicinethe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityNo.569, Xinsi RoadXi'anShaanxi710038China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of AgricultureInstitute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)Beijing100193China
| | - Bo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China
| | - Ruixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China
| | - Xiangyang Xing
- Chengdu Clonorgan Biotechnology Co. LTDChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Jiaxiang Du
- Chengdu Clonorgan Biotechnology Co. LTDChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China
| | - Long Jin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan611130China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of AgricultureInstitute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)Beijing100193China
| | - Linong Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicinethe Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical UniversityNo.569, Xinsi RoadXi'anShaanxi710038China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan611130China
| | - Jiangwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China
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8
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Li J, Zhang Y, Yu F, Pan Y, Zhang Z, He Y, Yang H, Zhou P. Proteoglycan Extracted from Ganoderma lucidum Ameliorated Diabetes-Induced Muscle Atrophy via the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30359-30373. [PMID: 37636971 PMCID: PMC10448640 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy often occurs in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and leads to an increase in physical disability and insulin resistance. However, there are very few studies that have investigated potential natural products used for this condition. In this study, we demonstrated that FYGL (Fudan-Yueyang-G. lucidum), a proteoglycan extracted from Ganoderma lucidum, ameliorated muscle atrophy in rat and mouse models of diabetes. Histopathological analysis of muscle revealed that oral administration of FYGL significantly prevented reduction of the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and overexpression of muscle atrophic factors in diabetic rats and mice. Muscle RNA-seq analysis in vivo indicated that FYGL regulated genes related to myogenesis, muscle atrophy, and oxidative phosphorylation. Also, FYGL activated AMPK in vivo. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanisms were studied in palmitate-induced C2C12 muscle cells using immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting, which revealed that FYGL inhibited muscle atrophy by stimulating ATP production and activating the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, thus promoting oxidative metabolism. This result rationalized the in vivo findings. These results suggest FYGL as a promising functional food ingredient for the prevention of T2D-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fanzhen Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanna Pan
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- Yueyang
Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanming He
- Yueyang
Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Yueyang
Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of
Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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9
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Song Y, Yang J, Li T, Sun X, Lin R, He Y, Sun K, Han J, Yang G, Li X, Liu B, Yang D, Dang G, Ma X, Du X, Zhang B, Hu Y, Kong W, Wang X, Zhang H, Xu Q, Feng J. CD34 + cell-derived fibroblast-macrophage cross-talk drives limb ischemia recovery through the OSM-ANGPTL signaling axis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd2632. [PMID: 37043578 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
CD34+ cells improve the perfusion and function of ischemic limbs in humans and mice. However, there is no direct evidence of the differentiation potential and functional role of these cells in the ischemic muscle microenvironment. Here, we combined the single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic lineage tracing technology, then provided exact single-cell atlases of normal and ischemic limb tissues in human and mouse, and consequently found that bone marrow (BM)-derived macrophages with antigen-presenting function migrated to the ischemic site, while resident macrophages underwent apoptosis. The macrophage oncostatin M (OSM) regulatory pathway was specifically turned on by ischemia. Simultaneously, BM CD34+-derived proregenerative fibroblasts were recruited to the ischemia niche, where they received macrophage-released OSM and promoted angiopoietin-like protein-associated angiogenesis. These findings provided mechanisms on the cellular events and cell-cell communications during tissue ischemia and regeneration and provided evidence that CD34+ cells serve as fibroblast progenitors promoting tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Song
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyao Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianrun Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruoran Lin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangyan He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangxin Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmin Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Dang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Du
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bohuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Hu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongkun Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Emerging Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Homeostasis and Cachexia: The SUMO Perspective. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040644. [PMID: 36831310 PMCID: PMC9953977 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobility is an intrinsic feature of the animal kingdom that stimulates evolutionary processes and determines the biological success of animals. Skeletal muscle is the primary driver of voluntary movements. Besides, skeletal muscles have an immense impact on regulating glucose, amino acid, and lipid homeostasis. Muscle atrophy/wasting conditions are accompanied by a drastic effect on muscle function and disrupt steady-state muscle physiology. Cachexia is a complex multifactorial muscle wasting syndrome characterized by extreme loss of skeletal muscle mass, resulting in a dramatic decrease in life quality and reported mortality in more than 30% of patients with advanced cancers. The lack of directed treatments to prevent or relieve muscle loss indicates our inadequate knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in muscle cell organization and the molecular etiology of cancer-induced cachexia (CIC). This review highlights the latest knowledge of regulatory mechanisms involved in maintaining muscle function and their deregulation in wasting syndromes, particularly in cachexia. Recently, protein posttranslational modification by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) has emerged as a key regulatory mechanism of protein function with implications for different aspects of cell physiology and diseases. We also review an atypical association of SUMO-mediated pathways in this context and deliberate on potential treatment strategies to alleviate muscle atrophy.
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11
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Interleukin-11 (IL11) inhibits myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells through activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Cell Signal 2023; 101:110509. [PMID: 36328118 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a multifactorial wasting syndrome characterized by loss of skeletal muscle. Interleukin-11 (IL11), one of the IL6 family cytokines, is highly expressed in various types of cancer including cancers frequently associated with cachexia. However, the impact of IL11 on muscle metabolism remains to be determined. Since one of the mechanisms of muscle wasting in cachexia is defective muscle regeneration due to impaired myogenic differentiation, we examined the effect of IL11 on the differentiation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts. Treatment of C2C12 cells with recombinant mouse IL11 resulted in decreased myotube formation. In addition, IL11 treatment reduced the protein and mRNA levels of myosin heavy chain (MHC), a marker of myogenic differentiation. Moreover, the levels of myogenic regulatory factors including myogenin and Mrf4 were significantly reduced by IL11 treatment. IL11 treatment increased the number of BrdU-positive cells and the level of phosphorylated retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, while the levels of p21Waf1 and p27Kip1 were reduced by IL11 treatment in differentiating C2C12 cells, suggesting that IL11 interferes with cell cycle exit during the early stages of myogenic differentiation. Consistent with this, IL11 treatment at the late stage of differentiation did not affect myotube formation and MHC expression. IL11 treatment resulted in an activation of ERK, STAT3, and AKT in differentiating C2C12 cells. However, only ERK inhibitors including PD98059 and U0126 were able to ameliorate the suppressive effect of IL11 on the expression of MHC and myogenin. Additionally, pretreatment with PD98059 and U0126 resulted in improved myotube formation and reduced BrdU staining in IL11-treated cells. Together, our results suggest that IL11 inhibits myogenic differentiation through delayed cell cycle exit in an ERK-dependent manner. To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate an inhibitory role of IL11 in myogenic differentiation and identifies the previously unrecognized role of IL11 as a possible mediator of CAC.
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12
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Zhu A, Liu N, Shang Y, Zhen Y, An Y. Signaling pathways of adipose stem cell-derived exosomes promoting muscle regeneration. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2525-2534. [PMID: 36583914 PMCID: PMC9945488 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Severe muscle injury is still a challenging clinical problem. Exosomes derived from adipose stem cells (ASC-exos) may be a potential therapeutic tool, but their mechanism is not completely clear. This review aims to elaborate the possible mechanism of ASC-exos in muscle regeneration from the perspective of signal pathways and provide guidance for further study. Literature cited in this review was acquired through PubMed using keywords or medical subject headings, including adipose stem cells, exosomes, muscle regeneration, myogenic differentiation, myogenesis, wingless/integrated (Wnt), mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription, and their combinations. We obtained the related signal pathways from proteomics analysis of ASC-exos in the literature, and identified that ASC-exos make different contributions to multiple stages of skeletal muscle regeneration by those signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxuan Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yujia Shang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yonghuan Zhen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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13
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Jengelley DHA, Wang M, Narasimhan A, Rupert JE, Young AR, Zhong X, Horan DJ, Robling AG, Koniaris LG, Zimmers TA. Exogenous Oncostatin M induces Cardiac Dysfunction, Musculoskeletal Atrophy, and Fibrosis. Cytokine 2022; 159:155972. [PMID: 36054964 PMCID: PMC10468097 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal diseases such as muscular dystrophy, cachexia, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis impair overall physical health and reduce survival. Patients suffer from pain, dysfunction, and dysmobility due to inflammation and fibrosis in bones, muscles, and joints, both locally and systemically. The Interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines, most notably IL-6, is implicated in musculoskeletal disorders and cachexia. Here we show elevated circulating levels of OSM in murine pancreatic cancer cachexia and evaluate the effects of the IL-6 family member, Oncostatin M (OSM), on muscle and bone using adeno-associated virus (AAV) mediated over-expression of murine OSM in wildtype and IL-6 deficient mice. Initial studies with high titer AAV-OSM injection yielded high circulating OSM and IL-6, thrombocytosis, inflammation, and 60% mortality without muscle loss within 4 days. Subsequently, to mimic OSM levels in cachexia, a lower titer of AAV-OSM was used in wildtype and Il6 null mice, observing effects out to 4 weeks and 12 weeks. AAV-OSM caused muscle atrophy and fibrosis in the gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and quadriceps of the injected limb, but these effects were not observed on the non-injected side. In contrast, OSM induced both local and distant trabecular bone loss as shown by reduced bone volume, trabecular number, and thickness, and increased trabecular separation. OSM caused cardiac dysfunction including reduced ejection fraction and reduced fractional shortening. RNA-sequencing of cardiac muscle revealed upregulation of genes related to inflammation and fibrosis. None of these effects were different in IL-6 knockout mice. Thus, OSM induces local muscle atrophy, systemic bone loss, tissue fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction independently of IL-6, suggesting a role for OSM in musculoskeletal conditions with these characteristics, including cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daenique H A Jengelley
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Meijing Wang
- Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ashok Narasimhan
- Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Joseph E Rupert
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andrew R Young
- Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Daniel J Horan
- Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Alexander G Robling
- Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Leonidas G Koniaris
- Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Teresa A Zimmers
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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14
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Waldemer-Streyer RJ, Kim D, Chen J. Muscle cell-derived cytokines in skeletal muscle regeneration. FEBS J 2022; 289:6463-6483. [PMID: 35073461 PMCID: PMC9308828 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of the mammalian adult skeletal muscle is a well-orchestrated process regulated by multiple proteins and signalling pathways. Cytokines constitute a major class of regulators of skeletal myogenesis. It is well established that infiltrating immune cells at the site of muscle injury secrete cytokines, which play critical roles in the myofibre repair and regeneration process. In the past 10-15 years, skeletal muscle itself has emerged as a prolific producer of cytokines. Much attention in the field has been focused on the endocrine effects of muscle-secreted cytokines (myokines) on metabolic regulation. However, ample evidence suggests that muscle-derived cytokines also regulate myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration in an autocrine manner. In this review, we survey cytokines that meet two criteria: (a) evidence of expression by muscle cells; (b) evidence demonstrating a myogenic function. Dozens of cytokines representing several major classes make up this group, and together they regulate all steps of the myogenic process. How such a large array of cytokines coordinate their signalling to form a regulatory network is a fascinating, pressing question. Functional studies that can distinguish the source of the cytokines in vivo are also much needed in order to facilitate exploration of their full therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
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15
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Rankouhi TR, Keulen DV, Tempel D, Venhorst J. Oncostatin M: Risks and Benefits of a Novel Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1345-1369. [PMID: 35959619 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220811101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is predicted that approximately 23.6 million people will die from CVDs annually by 2030. Therefore, there is a great need for an effective therapeutic approach to combat this disease. The European Cardiovascular Target Discovery (CarTarDis) consortium identified Oncostatin M (OSM) as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. The benefits of modulating OSM - an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine - have since been studied for multiple indications. However, as decades of high attrition rates have stressed, the success of a drug target is determined by the fine balance between benefits and the risk of adverse events. Safety issues should therefore not be overlooked. OBJECTIVE In this review, a risk/benefit analysis is performed on OSM inhibition in the context of atherosclerosis treatment. First, OSM signaling characteristics and its role in atherosclerosis are described. Next, an overview of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical findings relating to both the benefits and risks of modulating OSM in major organ systems is provided. Based on OSM's biological function and expression profile as well as drug intervention studies, safety concerns of inhibiting this target have been identified, assessed, and ranked for the target population. CONCLUSION While OSM may be of therapeutic value in atherosclerosis, drug development should also focus on de-risking the herein identified major safety concerns: tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, bleeding, anemia, and NMDA- and glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Close monitoring and/or exclusion of patients with various comorbidities may be required for optimal therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Rouhani Rankouhi
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle van Keulen
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennie Tempel
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Venhorst
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
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16
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle Myogenesis and Muscle Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040755. [PMID: 35453440 PMCID: PMC9026549 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The contractile activity, high oxygen consumption and metabolic rate of skeletal muscle cause it to continuously produce moderate levels of oxidant species, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Under normal physiological conditions, there is a dynamic balance between the production and elimination of ROS/RNS. However, when the oxidation products exceed the antioxidant defense capacity, the body enters a state of oxidative stress. Myogenesis is an important process to maintain muscle homeostasis and the physiological function of skeletal muscle. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a key role in myogenesis and skeletal muscle physiology and pathology. In this review, we summarize the sources of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle and the causes of oxidative stress and analyze the key role of oxidative stress in myogenesis. Then, we discuss the relationship between oxidative stress and muscle homeostasis and physiopathology. This work systematically summarizes the role of oxidative stress in myogenesis and muscle diseases and provides targets for subsequent antioxidant therapy and repair of inflammatory damage in noninflammatory muscle diseases.
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17
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Lahmann I, Griger J, Chen JS, Zhang Y, Schuelke M, Birchmeier C. Met and Cxcr4 cooperate to protect skeletal muscle stem cells against inflammation-induced damage during regeneration. eLife 2021; 10:57356. [PMID: 34350830 PMCID: PMC8370772 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute skeletal muscle injury is followed by an inflammatory response, removal of damaged tissue, and the generation of new muscle fibers by resident muscle stem cells, a process well characterized in murine injury models. Inflammatory cells are needed to remove the debris at the site of injury and provide signals that are beneficial for repair. However, they also release chemokines, reactive oxygen species, as well as enzymes for clearance of damaged cells and fibers, which muscle stem cells have to withstand in order to regenerate the muscle. We show here that MET and CXCR4 cooperate to protect muscle stem cells against the adverse environment encountered during muscle repair. This powerful cyto-protective role was revealed by the genetic ablation of Met and Cxcr4 in muscle stem cells of mice, which resulted in severe apoptosis during early stages of regeneration. TNFα neutralizing antibodies rescued the apoptosis, indicating that TNFα provides crucial cell-death signals during muscle repair that are counteracted by MET and CXCR4. We conclude that muscle stem cells require MET and CXCR4 to protect them against the harsh inflammatory environment encountered in an acute muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Lahmann
- Neurowissenschaftliches Forschungzentrum, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joscha Griger
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jie-Shin Chen
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yao Zhang
- Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Schuelke
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Birchmeier
- Neurowissenschaftliches Forschungzentrum, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Developmental Biology/Signal Transduction Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Li Y, Feng J, Song S, Li H, Yang H, Zhou B, Li Y, Yue Z, Lian H, Liu L, Hu S, Nie Y. gp130 Controls Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Heart Regeneration. Circulation 2020; 142:967-982. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background:
A key cause of the high mortality of cardiovascular diseases is the cardiomyocyte inability to renew after cardiac injury. As a promising strategy to supplement functional myocytes for cardiac repair, there is a pressing need to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of heart regeneration.
Methods:
Seven genetic mouse lines were used: global OSM (oncostatin M) knockout, monocyte-/macrophage-specific OSM deletion, cardiomyocyte-specific lines, including OSM receptor deletion, gp130 (glycoprotein 130) deletion, gp130 activation, and Yap (yes-associated protein) ablation with gp130 activation mice. A series of molecular signaling experiments, including RNA sequencing, immunostaining, coimmunoprecipitation, and imaging flow cytometry, were conducted. Two models of cardiac injury, apical resection and myocardial infarction operation, were performed in neonatal, juvenile, and adult mice. Heart regeneration and cardiac function were evaluated by Masson staining and echocardiography, respectively. Gene recombinant adenovirus-associated virus was constructed and infected myocardial-infarcted mice as a gene therapy.
Results:
OSM was identified by RNA sequencing as a key upstream regulator of cardiomyocyte proliferation during neonatal heart regeneration in mice. Cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration were suspended in neonatal mice after cardiac injury when OSM was conditionally knockout in macrophages. The cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency of the OSM receptor heterodimers, OSM receptor and gp130, individually in cardiomyocytes reduced myocyte proliferation and neonatal heart regeneration. Conditional activation of gp130 in cardiomyocytes promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration in juvenile and adult mice. Using RNA sequencing and functional screening, we found that Src mediated gp130-triggered cardiomyocyte proliferation by activating Yap (yes-associated protein) with Y357 phosphorylation independently of the Hippo pathway. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Yap in
Myh6-gp130
ACT
mice blocked the effect of gp130 activation–induced heart regeneration in juvenile mice. Gene therapy with adenovirus-associated virus encoding constitutively activated gp130 promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration in adult mice after myocardial infarction.
Conclusions:
Macrophage recruitment is essential for heart regeneration through the secretion of OSM, which promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation. As the coreceptor of OSM, gp130 activation is sufficient to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation by activating Yap through Src during heart regeneration. gp130 is a potential therapeutic target to improve heart regeneration after cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Shen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Haotong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Huijun Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.Y.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai (B.Z.)
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China (Yan Li)
| | - Zhang Yue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Z.Y.)
| | - Hong Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Lihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (Yandong Li, J.F., S.S., H. Li, H. Lian, L.L., S.H., Y.N.)
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19
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Daou HN. Exercise as an anti-inflammatory therapy for cancer cachexia: a focus on interleukin-6 regulation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R296-R310. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00147.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a complicated disorder of extreme, progressive skeletal muscle wasting. It is directed by metabolic alterations and systemic inflammation dysregulation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that increased systemic inflammation promotes this type of cachexia and have suggested that cytokines are implicated in the skeletal muscle loss. Exercise is firmly established as an anti-inflammatory therapy that can attenuate or even reverse the process of muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. The interleukin IL-6 is generally considered to be a key player in the development of the microenvironment of malignancy; it promotes tumor growth and metastasis by acting as a bridge between chronic inflammation and cancerous tissue and it also induces skeletal muscle atrophy and protein breakdown. Paradoxically, a beneficial role for IL-6 has also been identified recently, and that is its status as a “founding member” of the myokine class of proteins. Skeletal muscle is an important source of circulating IL-6 in people who participate in exercise training. IL-6 acts as an anti-inflammatory myokine by inhibiting TNFα and improving glucose uptake through the stimulation of AMPK signaling. This review discusses the action of IL-6 in skeletal muscle tissue dysfunction and the role of IL-6 as an “exercise factor” that modulates the immune system. This review also sheds light on the main considerations related to the treatment of muscle wasting in cancer cachexia.
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20
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Miki Y, Morioka T, Shioi A, Fujimoto K, Sakura T, Uedono H, Kakutani Y, Ochi A, Mori K, Shoji T, Emoto M, Inaba M. Oncostatin M induces C2C12 myotube atrophy by modulating muscle differentiation and degradation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:951-956. [PMID: 31272716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine of the interleukin-6 family and plays a role in various disorders such as cancer and inflammatory diseases, which are often accompanied by skeletal muscle atrophy, or sarcopenia. However, the role of OSM in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass remains to be identified. In this study, we investigated the effect of OSM on C2C12 myotube formation in vitro. C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate into myotubes for 3 days and then treated with OSM for 24 or 48 h. The diameter of differentiated C2C12 myotubes were reduced by 18.7% and 23.3% compared to control cells after treatment with OSM for 24 and 48 h, respectively. The expression levels of MyoD and myogenin were decreased, while those of atrogin-1, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein δ, and OSM receptor were increased in C2C12 myotubes treated with OSM for 24 h compared to control cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of OSM on myotube formation was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with an inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 or by knockdown of Stat3. Finally, the OSM-induced changes in the expression levels of MyoD, myogenin, and atrogin-1 were reversed by pretreatment with an inhibitor of STAT3 or by Stat3 knockdown in C2C12 myotubes. In conclusion, OSM induces C2C12 myotube atrophy by inhibiting myogenic differentiation and activating muscle degradation in a STAT3-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Miki
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Morioka
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Shioi
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan; Vascular Science Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kenta Fujimoto
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakura
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Uedono
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kakutani
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Akinobu Ochi
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan; Vascular Science Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masanori Emoto
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masaaki Inaba
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan; Vascular Science Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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21
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Khalid M, Khan S, Ahmad J, Shaheryar M. Identification of self-regulatory network motifs in reverse engineering gene regulatory networks using microarray gene expression data. IET Syst Biol 2019; 13:55-68. [PMID: 33444479 PMCID: PMC8687352 DOI: 10.1049/iet-syb.2018.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) are reconstructed from the microarray gene expression data through diversified computational approaches. This process ensues in symmetric and diagonal interaction of gene pairs that cannot be modelled as direct activation, inhibition, and self-regulatory interactions. The values of gene co-expressions could help in identifying co-regulations among them. The proposed approach aims at computing the differences in variances of co-expressed genes rather than computing differences in values of mean expressions across experimental conditions. It adopts multivariate co-variances using principal component analysis (PCA) to predict an asymmetric and non-diagonal gene interaction matrix, to select only those gene pair interactions that exhibit the maximum variances in gene regulatory expressions. The asymmetric gene regulatory interactions help in identifying the controlling regulatory agents, thus lowering the false positive rate by minimizing the connections between previously unlinked network components. The experimental results on real as well as in silico datasets including time-series RTX therapy, Arabidopsis thaliana, DREAM-3, and DREAM-8 datasets, in comparison with existing state-of-the-art approaches demonstrated the enhanced performance of the proposed approach for predicting positive and negative feedback loops and self-regulatory interactions. The generated GRNs hold the potential in determining the real nature of gene pair regulatory interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrosh Khalid
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Sharifullah Khan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Jamil Ahmad
- Research Centre for Modelling and SimulationNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Shaheryar
- Department of Computer ScienceCapital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
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22
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Vassilakos G, Barton ER. Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Regulation and Its Actions in Skeletal Muscle. Compr Physiol 2018; 9:413-438. [PMID: 30549022 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway is essential for promoting growth and survival of virtually all tissues. It bears high homology to its related protein insulin, and as such, there is an interplay between these molecules with regard to their anabolic and metabolic functions. Skeletal muscle produces a significant proportion of IGF-1, and is highly responsive to its actions, including increased muscle mass and improved regenerative capacity. In this overview, the regulation of IGF-1 production, stability, and activity in skeletal muscle will be described. Second, the physiological significance of the forms of IGF-1 produced will be discussed. Last, the interaction of IGF-1 with other pathways will be addressed. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:413-438, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Vassilakos
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Elisabeth R Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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23
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Takata F, Dohgu S, Matsumoto J, Machida T, Sakaguchi S, Kimura I, Yamauchi A, Kataoka Y. Oncostatin M–induced blood‐brain barrier impairment is due to prolonged activation of STAT3 signaling in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9055-9063. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shinya Dohgu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takashi Machida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shinya Sakaguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Ikuya Kimura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamauchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kataoka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan
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24
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Sampath SC, Sampath SC, Ho ATV, Corbel SY, Millstone JD, Lamb J, Walker J, Kinzel B, Schmedt C, Blau HM. Induction of muscle stem cell quiescence by the secreted niche factor Oncostatin M. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1531. [PMID: 29670077 PMCID: PMC5906564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between stem cell quiescence and proliferation in skeletal muscle is tightly controlled, but perturbed in a variety of disease states. Despite progress in identifying activators of stem cell proliferation, the niche factor(s) responsible for quiescence induction remain unclear. Here we report an in vivo imaging-based screen which identifies Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines, as a potent inducer of muscle stem cell (MuSC, satellite cell) quiescence. OSM is produced by muscle fibers, induces reversible MuSC cell cycle exit, and maintains stem cell regenerative capacity as judged by serial transplantation. Conditional OSM receptor deletion in satellite cells leads to stem cell depletion and impaired regeneration following injury. These results identify Oncostatin M as a secreted niche factor responsible for quiescence induction, and for the first time establish a direct connection between induction of quiescence, stemness, and transplantation potential in solid organ stem cells. The factors that mediate quiescence of muscle stem cells are unknown. The authors show that Oncostatin M is produced by skeletal muscle, suppresses stem cell proliferation, and that its deletion in muscle results in stem cell depletion and impaired muscle regeneration following injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinath C Sampath
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA. .,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA.
| | - Srihari C Sampath
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Andrew T V Ho
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Stéphane Y Corbel
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Joshua D Millstone
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John Lamb
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John Walker
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Bernd Kinzel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schmedt
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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25
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Mehdipour M, Liu Y, Liu C, Kumar B, Kim D, Gathwala R, Conboy IM. Key Age-Imposed Signaling Changes That Are Responsible for the Decline of Stem Cell Function. Subcell Biochem 2018; 90:119-143. [PMID: 30779008 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2835-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This chapter analyzes recent developments in the field of signal transduction of ageing with the focus on the age-imposed changes in TGF-beta/pSmad, Notch, Wnt/beta-catenin, and Jak/Stat networks. Specifically, this chapter delineates how the above-mentioned evolutionary-conserved morphogenic signaling pathways operate in young versus aged mammalian tissues, with insights into how the age-specific broad decline of stem cell function is precipitated by the deregulation of these key cell signaling networks. This chapter also provides perspectives onto the development of defined therapeutic approaches that aim to calibrate intensity of the determinant signal transduction to health-youth, thereby rejuvenating multiple tissues in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melod Mehdipour
- Bioengineering, Univercity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yutong Liu
- Bioengineering, Univercity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Chao Liu
- Bioengineering, Univercity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Binod Kumar
- Bioengineering, Univercity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Daehwan Kim
- Bioengineering, Univercity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ranveer Gathwala
- Bioengineering, Univercity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Irina M Conboy
- Bioengineering, Univercity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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26
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Nie B, Nie T, Hui X, Gu P, Mao L, Li K, Yuan R, Zheng J, Wang H, Li K, Tang S, Zhang Y, Xu T, Xu A, Wu D, Ding S. Brown Adipogenic Reprogramming Induced by a Small Molecule. Cell Rep 2017; 18:624-635. [PMID: 28099842 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has attracted considerable research interest because of its therapeutic potential to treat obesity and associated metabolic diseases. Augmentation of brown fat mass and/or its function may represent an attractive strategy to enhance energy expenditure. Using high-throughput phenotypic screening to induce brown adipocyte reprogramming in committed myoblasts, we identified a retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, bexarotene (Bex), that efficiently converted myoblasts into brown adipocyte-like cells. Bex-treated mice exhibited enlarged BAT mass, enhanced BAT function, and a modest browning effect in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). Expression analysis showed that Bex initiated several "browning" pathways at an early stage during brown adipocyte reprogramming. Our findings suggest RXRs as new master regulators that control brown and beige fat development and activation, unlike the common adipogenic regulator PPARγ. Moreover, we demonstrated that selective RXR activation may potentially offer a therapeutic approach to manipulate brown/beige fat function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoming Nie
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tao Nie
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Liufeng Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Kuai Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Ran Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Jiashun Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Haixia Wang
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shibing Tang
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Sheng Ding
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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27
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Coupling between Myogenesis and Angiogenesis during Skeletal Muscle Regeneration Is Stimulated by Restorative Macrophages. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:2018-2033. [PMID: 29198825 PMCID: PMC5785732 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, new functions for vessels have recently emerged beyond oxygen and nutrient supply, through the interactions that vascular cells establish with muscle stem cells. Here, we demonstrate in human and mouse that endothelial cells (ECs) and myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) interacted together to couple myogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo during skeletal muscle regeneration. Kinetics of gene expression of ECs and MPCs sorted at different time points of regeneration identified three effectors secreted by both ECs and MPCs. Apelin, Oncostatin M, and Periostin were shown to control myogenesis/angiogenesis coupling in vitro and to be required for myogenesis and vessel formation during muscle regeneration in vivo. Furthermore, restorative macrophages, which have been previously shown to support myogenesis in vivo, were shown in a 3D triculture model to stimulate myogenesis/angiogenesis coupling, notably through Oncostatin M production. Our data demonstrate that restorative macrophages orchestrate muscle regeneration by controlling myogenesis/angiogenesis coupling. Endothelial cells (ECs) promote myogenesis Myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) stimulate angiogenesis as they differentiate EC- and MPC-derived Apelin, Oncostatin M, and Periostin promote myo-angiogenesis Restorative macrophages stimulate myo-angiogenesis via Oncostatin M secretion
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28
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Loiben AM, Soueid-Baumgarten S, Kopyto RF, Bhattacharya D, Kim JC, Cosgrove BD. Data-Modeling Identifies Conflicting Signaling Axes Governing Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation Responses to Diverse Ligand Stimuli. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 10:433-450. [PMID: 31719871 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skeletal muscle tissue development and regeneration relies on the proliferation, maturation and fusion of muscle progenitor cells (myoblasts), which arise transiently from muscle stem cells (satellite cells). Following muscle damage, myoblasts proliferate and differentiate in response to temporally-varying inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix cues, which stimulate a shared network of intracellular signaling pathways. Here we present an integrated data-modeling approach to elucidate synergies and antagonisms among proliferation and differentiation signaling axes in myoblasts stimulated by regeneration-associated ligands. Methods We treated mouse primary myoblasts in culture with combinations of eight regeneration-associated growth factors and cytokines in mixtures that induced additive, synergistic, and antagonistic effects on myoblast proliferation and differentiation responses. For these combinatorial stimuli, we measured the activation dynamics of seven signal transduction pathways using multiplexed phosphoprotein assays and scored proliferation and differentiation responses based on expression of myogenic commitment factors to assemble a cue-signaling-response data compendium. We interrogated the relationship between these signals and responses by partial least-squares (PLS) regression modeling. Results Partial least-squares data-modeling accurately predicted response outcomes in cross-validation on the training compendium (cumulative R 2 = 0.96). The PLS model highlighted signaling axes that distinctly govern myoblast proliferation (MEK-ERK, Stat3) and differentiation (JNK) in response to these combinatorial cues, and we confirmed these signal-response associations with small molecule perturbations. Unexpectedly, we observed that a negative feedback circuit involving the phosphatase DUSP6/MKP-3 auto-regulates MEK-ERK signaling in myoblasts. Conclusion This data-modeling approach identified conflicting signaling axes that underlie muscle progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Loiben
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | | | - Ruth F Kopyto
- 2Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Debadrita Bhattacharya
- 3Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Joseph C Kim
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Benjamin D Cosgrove
- 1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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29
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Zhu H, Xiao F, Wang G, Wei X, Jiang L, Chen Y, Zhu L, Wang H, Diao Y, Wang H, Ip N, Cheung T, Wu Z. STAT3 Regulates Self-Renewal of Adult Muscle Satellite Cells during Injury-Induced Muscle Regeneration. Cell Rep 2016; 16:2102-2115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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30
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Harwardt T, Lukas S, Zenger M, Reitberger T, Danzer D, Übner T, Munday DC, Nevels M, Paulus C. Human Cytomegalovirus Immediate-Early 1 Protein Rewires Upstream STAT3 to Downstream STAT1 Signaling Switching an IL6-Type to an IFNγ-Like Response. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005748. [PMID: 27387064 PMCID: PMC4936752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) major immediate-early 1 protein (IE1) is best known for activating transcription to facilitate viral replication. Here we present transcriptome data indicating that IE1 is as significant a repressor as it is an activator of host gene expression. Human cells induced to express IE1 exhibit global repression of IL6- and oncostatin M-responsive STAT3 target genes. This repression is followed by STAT1 phosphorylation and activation of STAT1 target genes normally induced by IFNγ. The observed repression and subsequent activation are both mediated through the same region (amino acids 410 to 445) in the C-terminal domain of IE1, and this region serves as a binding site for STAT3. Depletion of STAT3 phenocopies the STAT1-dependent IFNγ-like response to IE1. In contrast, depletion of the IL6 receptor (IL6ST) or the STAT kinase JAK1 prevents this response. Accordingly, treatment with IL6 leads to prolonged STAT1 instead of STAT3 activation in wild-type IE1 expressing cells, but not in cells expressing a mutant protein (IE1dl410-420) deficient for STAT3 binding. A very similar STAT1-directed response to IL6 is also present in cells infected with a wild-type or revertant hCMV, but not an IE1dl410-420 mutant virus, and this response results in restricted viral replication. We conclude that IE1 is sufficient and necessary to rewire upstream IL6-type to downstream IFNγ-like signaling, two pathways linked to opposing actions, resulting in repressed STAT3- and activated STAT1-responsive genes. These findings relate transcriptional repressor and activator functions of IE1 and suggest unexpected outcomes relevant to viral pathogenesis in response to cytokines or growth factors that signal through the IL6ST-JAK1-STAT3 axis in hCMV-infected cells. Our results also reveal that IE1, a protein considered to be a key activator of the hCMV productive cycle, has an unanticipated role in tempering viral replication. Our previous work has shown that the human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) major immediate-early 1 protein (IE1) modulates host cell signaling pathways involving proteins of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family. IE1 has also long been known to facilitate viral replication by activating transcription. In this report we demonstrate that IE1 is as significant a repressor as it is an activator of host gene expression. Many genes repressed by IE1 are normally induced via STAT3 signaling triggered by interleukin 6 (IL6) or related cytokines, whereas many genes activated by IE1 are normally induced via STAT1 signaling triggered by interferon gamma (IFNγ). Our results suggest that the repression of STAT3- and the activation of STAT1-responsive genes by IE1 are coupled. By targeting STAT3, IE1 rewires upstream STAT3 to downstream STAT1 signaling. Consequently, genes normally induced by IL6 are repressed while genes normally induced by IFNγ become responsive to IL6 in the presence of IE1. We also demonstrate that, by switching an IL6 to an IFNγ-like response, IE1 tempers viral replication. These results suggest an unanticipated dual role for IE1 in either promoting or limiting hCMV propagation and demonstrate how a key viral regulatory protein merges two central cellular signaling pathways to divert cytokine responses relevant to hCMV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Harwardt
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simone Lukas
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marion Zenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Reitberger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Danzer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Übner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Diane C. Munday
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Nevels
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MN); (CP)
| | - Christina Paulus
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MN); (CP)
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31
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Grabiec K, Majewska A, Wicik Z, Milewska M, Błaszczyk M, Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk K. The effect of palmitate supplementation on gene expression profile in proliferating myoblasts. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 32:185-98. [PMID: 27114085 PMCID: PMC4882353 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diet, exposure to saturated fatty acids, or the presence of adipocytes in myoblast microenvironment affects skeletal muscle growth and function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of palmitate supplementation on transcriptomic profile of mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Global gene expression was evaluated using whole mouse genome oligonucleotide microarrays, and the results were validated through qPCR. A total of 4047 genes were identified as differentially expressed, including 3492 downregulated and 555 upregulated genes, during a 48-h exposure to palmitate (0.1 mmol/l). Functional classification showed the involvement of these genes in several processes which regulate cell growth. In conclusion, the addition of palmitate modifies the expression of genes associated with (1) myoblast responsiveness to hormones and growth factors, (2) cytokine and growth factor expression, and (3) regulation of cell-cell and cell-matrix communication. Such alterations can affect myoblast growth and differentiation; however, further studies in this field are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Grabiec
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Majewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z Wicik
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Milewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Błaszczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
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32
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Hunt LC, White J. The Role of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Growth, Injury and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 900:45-59. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27511-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Blum R. Activation of muscle enhancers by MyoD and epigenetic modifiers. J Cell Biochem 2015; 115:1855-67. [PMID: 24905980 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The early 1980s revelation of cis-acting genomic elements, known as transcriptional enhancers, is still regarded as one of the fundamental discoveries in the genomic field. However, only with the emergence of genome-wide techniques has the genuine biological scope of enhancers begun to be fully uncovered. Massive scientific efforts of multiple laboratories rapidly advanced the overall perception that enhancers are typified by common epigenetic characteristics that distinguish their activating potential. Broadly, chromatin modifiers and transcriptional regulators lay down the essential foundations necessary for constituting enhancers in their activated form. Basing on genome-wide ChIP-sequencing of enhancer-related marks we identified myogenic enhancers before and after muscle differentiation and discovered that MyoD was bound to nearly a third of condition-specific enhancers. Experimental studies that tested the deposition patterns of enhancer-related epigenetic marks in MyoD-null myoblasts revealed the high dependency that a specific set of muscle enhancers have towards this transcriptional regulator. Re-expression of MyoD restored the deposition of enhancer-related marks at myotube-specific enhancers and partially at myoblasts-specific enhancers. Our proposed mechanistic model suggests that MyoD is involved in recruitment of methyltransferase Set7, acetyltransferase p300 and deposition of H3K4me1 and H3K27ac at myogenic enhancers. In addition, MyoD binding at enhancers is associated with PolII occupancy and with local noncoding transcription. Modulation of muscle enhancers is suggested to be coordinated via transcription factors docking, including c-Jun and Jdp2 that bind to muscle enhancers in a MyoD-dependent manner. We hypothesize that distinct transcription factors may act as placeholders and mediate the assembly of newly formed myogenic enhancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Blum
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, 522 1st Avenue, New York, New York, 10016
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34
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Kurosawa T, Yamada A, Takami M, Suzuki D, Saito Y, Hiranuma K, Enomoto T, Morimura N, Yamamoto M, Iijima T, Shirota T, Itabe H, Kamijo R. Expression of nephronectin is inhibited by oncostatin M via both JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:303-7. [PMID: 25905035 PMCID: PMC4404411 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M regulates nephronectin (Npnt) gene expression in a dose- and time dependent manner. Nephronectin gene expression is regulated by JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. Down-regulation of Npnt influences inhibition of osteoblast differentiation by oncostatin M.
Nephronectin (Npnt), also called POEM, is an extracellular matrix protein considered to play critical roles as an adhesion molecule in the development and functions of various tissues, such as the kidneys, liver, and bones. In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism of Npnt gene expression and found that oncostatin M (OSM) strongly inhibited Npnt mRNA expression in MC3T3-E1 cells from a mouse osteoblastic cell line. OSM also induced a decrease in Npnt expression in both time- and dose-dependent manners via both the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. In addition, OSM-induced inhibition of osteoblast differentiation was recovered by over-expression of Npnt. These results suggest that OSM inhibits Npnt expression via the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways, while down-regulation of Npnt by OSM influences inhibition of osteoblast differentiation.
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Key Words
- BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein-2
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- JAK, janus kinase
- JAK/STAT
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- MAM, meprin, A5 protein, and receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase μ
- MAPK
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MEF2, myocyte enhancer-binding factor 2A
- Nephronectin
- Npnt, nephronectin
- OSM, oncostatin M
- OSMR, OSM receptor
- Oncostatin M
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Kurosawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Dai Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hiranuma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Department of Perioperative Medicine Division of Anesthesiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Takuya Enomoto
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Naoko Morimura
- Brain Science Laboratory, The Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Matsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Takehiko Iijima
- Department of Perioperative Medicine Division of Anesthesiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Itabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Cancer-Associated Adipose Tissue Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Paracrine Oncostatin M and Jak/STAT3 Signaling. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6806-19. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jang YN, Baik EJ. JAK-STAT pathway and myogenic differentiation. JAKSTAT 2014; 2:e23282. [PMID: 24058805 PMCID: PMC3710318 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.23282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic differentiation plays an important role in muscle regeneration and is regulated by two transcription factor families, MRFs and MEF2, which induce differentiation of myoblasts through expression of the muscle-specific gene, myogenin. In addition, many intracellular signaling pathways are also involved in myogenic differentiation, including p38 MAPK, ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT. The JAK-STAT pathway is activated by various cytokines and positively or negatively regulates the differentiation of myoblasts. JAK1 plays a notable role in proliferation; whereas, JAK2 and JAK3 function mainly in differentiation. The STATs, molecules downstream of JAK, regulate myogenesis. With JAK1, STAT1 promotes proliferation, while STAT3 has a dual effect on proliferation and differentiation. The JAK-STAT negative regulator, SOCS, is also associated with myogenesis; although, its role is controversial. In this review, we will discuss the role of the JAK-STAT pathway on myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Na Jang
- Department of Physiology; Chronic Inflammatory Disease Research Center; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon, Korea
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Diao Y, Guo X, Jiang L, Wang G, Zhang C, Wan J, Jin Y, Wu Z. miR-203, a tumor suppressor frequently down-regulated by promoter hypermethylation in rhabdomyosarcoma. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:529-39. [PMID: 24247238 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.494716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma found in children and young adults. It is characterized by the expression of a number of skeletal muscle-specific proteins, including MyoD and muscle α-actin. However, unlike normal myoblasts, RMS cells differentiate poorly both in vivo and in culture. As microRNAs are known to regulate tumorigenesis, intensive efforts have been made to identify microRNAs that are involved in RMS development. In this work, we found that miR-203 was frequently down-regulated by promoter hypermethylation in both RMS cell lines and RMS biopsies and could be reactivated by DNA-demethylating agents. Re-expression of miR-203 in RMS cells inhibited their migration and proliferation and promoted terminal myogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, miR-203 exerts its tumor-suppressive effect by directly targeting p63 and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor in RMS cells, which promotes myogenic differentiation by inhibiting the Notch and the JAK1/STAT1/STAT3 pathways, respectively. Our work reveals that miR-203 functions as a tumor suppressor in RMS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarui Diao
- From the Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, 518036 Shenzhen
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Ge Y, Waldemer RJ, Nalluri R, Nuzzi PD, Chen J. RNAi screen reveals potentially novel roles of cytokines in myoblast differentiation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68068. [PMID: 23844157 PMCID: PMC3699544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are cell-secreted signaling molecules that modulate various cellular functions, with the best-characterized roles in immune responses. The expression of numerous cytokines in skeletal muscle tissues and muscle cells has been reported, but their function in skeletal myogenesis, the formation of skeletal muscle, has been largely underexplored. To systematically examine the potential roles of cytokines in skeletal myogenesis, we undertook an RNAi screen of 134 mouse cytokine genes for their involvement in the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Our results have uncovered 29 cytokines as strong candidates for novel myogenic regulators, potentially conferring positive and negative regulation at distinct stages of myogenesis. These candidates represent a diverse collection of cytokine families, including interleukins, TNF-related factors, and chemokines. Our findings suggest the fundamental importance of cytokines in the cell-autonomous regulation of myoblast differentiation, and may facilitate future identification of novel therapeutic targets for improving muscle regeneration and growth in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejing Ge
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rachel J. Waldemer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ramakrishna Nalluri
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Paul D. Nuzzi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Muñoz-Cánoves P, Scheele C, Pedersen BK, Serrano AL. Interleukin-6 myokine signaling in skeletal muscle: a double-edged sword? FEBS J 2013; 280:4131-48. [PMID: 23663276 PMCID: PMC4163639 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 is a cytokine with pleiotropic functions in different tissues and organs. Skeletal muscle produces and releases significant levels of IL-6 after prolonged exercise and is therefore considered as a myokine. Muscle is also an important target of the cytokine. IL-6 signaling has been associated with stimulation of hypertrophic muscle growth and myogenesis through regulation of the proliferative capacity of muscle stem cells. Additional beneficial effects of IL-6 include regulation of energy metabolism, which is related to the capacity of actively contracting muscle to synthesize and release IL-6. Paradoxically, deleterious actions for IL-6 have also been proposed, such as promotion of atrophy and muscle wasting. We review the current evidence for these apparently contradictory effects, the mechanisms involved and discuss their possible biological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.
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40
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Ge Y, Waldemer RJ, Nalluri R, Nuzzi PD, Chen J. Flt3L is a novel regulator of skeletal myogenesis. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:3370-9. [PMID: 23704355 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.123950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Various cues initiate multiple signaling pathways to regulate the highly coordinated process of skeletal myogenesis. Myoblast differentiation comprises a series of ordered events starting with cell cycle withdrawal and ending with myocyte fusion, with each step probably controlled by multiple extracellular signals and intracellular signaling pathways. Here we report the identification of Fms-like tyrokine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) signaling as a novel regulator of skeletal myogenesis. Flt3L is a multifunctional cytokine in immune cells, but its involvement in skeletal muscle formation has not been reported. We found that Flt3L is expressed in C2C12 myoblasts, with levels increasing throughout differentiation. Knockdown of Flt3L, or its receptor Flt3, suppresses myoblast differentiation, which is rescued by recombinant Flt3L or Flt3, respectively. Differentiation is not rescued, however, by recombinant ligand when the receptor is knocked down, or vice versa, suggesting that Flt3L and Flt3 function together. Flt3L knockdown also inhibits differentiation in mouse primary myoblasts. Both Flt3L and Flt3 are highly expressed in nascent myofibers during muscle regeneration in vivo, and Flt3L siRNA impairs muscle regeneration, validating the physiological significance of Flt3L function in myogenesis. We have identified a cellular mechanism for the myogenic function of Flt3L, as we show that Flt3L promotes cell cycle exit that is necessary for myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we identify Erk as a relevant target of Flt3L signaling during myogenesis, and demonstrate that Flt3L suppresses Erk signaling through p120RasGAP. In summary, our work reveals an unexpected role for an immunoregulatory cytokine in skeletal myogenesis and a new myogenic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejing Ge
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Goodwin Avenue B107, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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41
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Cheng D, Li Z, Liu Y, Gao Y, Wang H. Kinetic Analysis of Porcine Fibroblast Reprogramming Toward Pluripotency by Defined Factors. Cell Reprogram 2012; 14:312-23. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2012.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- De Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yi Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huayan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Center for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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42
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Zhang D, Li X, Chen C, Li Y, Zhao L, Jing Y, Liu W, Wang X, Zhang Y, Xia H, Chang Y, Gao X, Yan J, Ying H. Attenuation of p38-mediated miR-1/133 expression facilitates myoblast proliferation during the early stage of muscle regeneration. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41478. [PMID: 22911796 PMCID: PMC3404058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoblast proliferation following myotrauma is regulated by multiple factors including growth factors, signal pathways, transcription factors, and miRNAs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the orchestration of these regulatory factors remain unclear. Here we show that p38 signaling is required for miR-1/133a clusters transcription and both p38 activity and miR-1/133 expression are attenuated during the early stage of muscle regeneration in various animal models. Additionally, we show that both miR-1 and miR-133 reduce Cyclin D1 expression and repress myoblast proliferation by inducing G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, we demonstrate that miR-133 inhibits mitotic progression by targeting Sp1, which mediates Cyclin D1 transcription, while miR-1 suppresses G1/S phase transition by targeting Cyclin D1. Finally, we reveal that proproliferative FGF2, which is elevated during muscle regeneration, attenuates p38 signaling and miR-1/133 expression. Taken together, our results suggest that downregulation of p38-mediated miR-1/133 expression by FGF2 and subsequent upregulation of Sp1/Cyclin D1 contribute to the increased myoblast proliferation during the early stage of muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xihua Li
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuchu Chen
- School of Biotechnology of East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyin Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Jing
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaning Chang
- School of Biotechnology of East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Model Animal Research Center, and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Model Animal Research Center, and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Jang YN, Lee IJ, Park MC, Baik EJ. Role of JAK3 in myogenic differentiation. Cell Signal 2011; 24:742-9. [PMID: 22120524 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle differentiation is regulated by transcription factors, including members of the myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) family and many signaling pathways. The JAK1 and JAK2 pathways are known to each have different effects on myoblast proliferation and differentiation; however, the role of JAK3 in myoblast differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of JAK3 inhibition on myogenic differentiation in the C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line. During myogenic differentiation, treatment with the JAK3 inhibitor WHIp154 significantly increased the number of MHC-positive multinucleated myotubes and the expressions of myosin heavy chain (MHC), myogenin (MGN), MyoD, and myogenic enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). Knockdown of the JAK3 gene using siJAK3 also significantly increased MHC, MGN and MyoD mRNA expressions as well as insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) gene expression. During differentiation, JAK3 was initially activated and later decreased. Differentiation decreased STAT1, which was further decreased by WHIp154. In contrast, STAT3 gradually was elevated during differentiation, and was increased by JAK3 inhibition. Moreover, we found that up-regulation of AKT activity and down-regulation of ERK activity cooperated to accelerate myogenic differentiation. Taken together, these data indicate that JAK3 inhibition potently facilitates myoblast differentiation through antagonistic STAT1/STAT3 activities. Additionally, JAK3 inhibition induced precocious differentiation and played important roles for terminal differentiation, including fusion, which is involved with regulation of AKT and ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Na Jang
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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