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Wang P, Guo X, Zhou Y, Li Z, Yu S, Sun Y, Hua Y. Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio and systemic inflammation response index are associated with the risk of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases in general rural population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:944991. [PMID: 36157453 PMCID: PMC9500229 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.944991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to clarify the effects of four inflammatory indicators (monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio [MHR], neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], systematic immune-inflammation index [SII], and systemic inflammation response index [SIRI]) in evaluating the risk of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular disease (CVD), filling the gap of inflammation-metabolism system research in epidemiology. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study and multivariable logistic regression analysis to elucidate the association between inflammatory indicators and metabolic diseases and CVD risk. Metabolic diseases were defined as metabolic disorders (MetDs) or their components, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), dyslipidemia, and central obesity. We calculated the Framingham risk score (FRS) to evaluate 10-year CVD risk. RESULTS Odds ratios for the third vs. the first tertile of MHR were 2.653 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.142-3.286) for MetD, 2.091 (95% CI, 1.620-2.698) for MetS, 1.547 (95% CI, 1.287-1.859) for dyslipidemia, and 1.515 (95% CI, 1.389-1.652) for central obesity. Odds ratios for the third vs. the first tertile of SIRI were 2.092 (95% CI, 1.622-2.699) for MetD, 3.441 (95% CI, 2.917-4.058) for MetS, 1.417 (95% CI, 1.218-1.649) for dyslipidemia, and 2.080 (95% CI, 1.613-2.683) for central obesity. The odds ratio of a 10-year CVD risk of >30% for the third vs. the first tertile of MHR was 4.607 (95% CI, 2.648-8.017) and 3.397 (95% CI, 1.958-5.849) for SIRI. CONCLUSIONS MHR and SIRI had a significant association with MetD and its components, in which a higher level of MHR or SIRI tended to accompany a higher risk of metabolic diseases. Furthermore, they also correlated with CVD, and the increment of these indicators caused a gradually evaluated risk of 10-year CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yu Hua
- *Correspondence: Yu Hua, ; Yingxian Sun,
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Sahai V, Kumar V. Anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Brassica oleracea sprouts. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Introduction: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is now recognized as a chronic proinflammatory and prothrombotic state that aggravates insulin resistance, oxidative injury, and cardiovascular risk. MetS is more prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototype of systemic autoimmune disease associated with premature atherosclerosis that cannot be accounted by traditional vascular risk factors alone. Dysregulation of the cytokines and adipokines is a common feature in both SLE and MetS, suggesting a complex relationship among autoimmunity, obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Areas covered: This review summarizes the prevalence of MetS and its effect on cardiovascular outcome and organ damage in patients with SLE. The pathophysiology of MetS and its relevance to SLE is also briefly discussed. Expert opinion: Imbalance of adipokine production in MetS contributes to inflammation and atherosclerosis. MetS predisposes SLE patients to new cardiovascular events and vascular mortality, as well as the development of chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. However, conflicting results have been reported in the literature regarding the levels of the proinflammatory leptin and anti-inflammatory adiponectin, and their relationship with disease activity in SLE patients. While lifestyle modifications and targeting dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus is essential, there is little information on the efficacy and safety of metformin and hydroxychloroquine in alleviating insulin resistance in SLE or MetS. Further research on adipokines in SLE and the role of anti-obesity medications and probiotics in MetS is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chiu Mok
- a Department of Medicine , Tuen Mun Hospital , Hong Kong , SAR China
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Does Eating-Away-from-Home Increase the Risk of a Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16040575. [PMID: 30781483 PMCID: PMC6406498 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rising frequency of eating-away-from-home (EAFH) is suspected to be correlated with several non-communicable diseases. This study adopted the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 2009 data to investigate the association between being diagnosed with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and EAFH at different ages. Results showed that the association between EAFH and MetS varied at different ages and differed for males and females. EAFH was positively associated with a higher risk of getting MetS for males, especially for those aged between 45 and 60; while it was negatively associated with the risk of getting MetS for young females (<45) (all p < 0.05). In particular, EAFH was associated with a lower risk of getting high serum triglycerides (TGs), abdominal adiposity, elevated blood pressure, and impaired fasting blood glucose for young females, while higher risk of high serum TGs, abdominal adiposity, elevated blood pressure, and impaired fasting blood glucose for middle-aged males (all p < 0.05). In addition, a higher frequency of EAFH was associated with a higher risk of abdominal adiposity and elevated blood pressure for older women, and a lower risk of elevated blood pressure, and impaired fasting blood glucose for younger men (all p < 0.05). Our study implies that heterogeneous target strategies for preventing MetS in different subpopulation should be considered.
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Saito M, Shimazaki Y, Nonoyama T, Tadokoro Y. Number of Teeth, Oral Self-care, Eating Speed, and Metabolic Syndrome in an Aged Japanese Population. J Epidemiol 2018; 29:26-32. [PMID: 29910228 PMCID: PMC6290276 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20170210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have reported that oral health status is associated with various systemic health issues. This study examined the correlations among oral health, lifestyle factors, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in aged participants. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional oral and medical health checkup data from 2,379 participants aged 75 and 80 years. MetS was diagnosed according to the Harmonization criteria, with the exception of the criterion for central obesity, and body mass index was used instead of waist circumference. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between oral health status and lifestyle factors and MetS in both sexes and by sex. RESULTS In both sexes, the odds ratio (OR) for MetS was 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-2.17) among those who had 0-9 teeth compared with those with 20-28 teeth. MetS was significantly more likely for those eating quickly than those eating slowly (OR 2.06; 95% CI, 1.35-3.16). Participants using secondary oral hygiene products every day had a significantly lower OR (0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.92) for MetS than did those who did not. Participants with 0-9 teeth who ate quickly had a significantly higher OR (2.48; 95% CI, 1.06-5.78) for MetS compared with those with 20-28 teeth who ate slowly. CONCLUSION These results suggest that maintaining teeth, eating slowly, and using secondary oral hygiene products every day are associated with a lower likelihood of MetS in the aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Saito
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Yoshihiro Shimazaki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
| | - Toshiya Nonoyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University
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Wang K, Yang QF, Chen XL, Liu YW, Shan SS, Zheng HB, Zhao XF, Chen CZ, Liu CY. Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Predict the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Mainland Chinese: A 3-Year Cohort Study. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:9376179. [PMID: 30647739 PMCID: PMC6311882 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9376179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has well established that metabolic syndrome (MetS) can predict the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in some population groups. However, limited evidence is available regarding the predictive effect of MetS for incident T2DM in mainland Chinese population. METHODS A 3-year cohort study was performed for 9735 Chinese without diabetes at baseline. MetS and its components were assessed by multivariable analysis using Cox regression. Prediction models were developed. Discrimination was assessed with area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs), and performance was assessed by a calibration curve. RESULTS The 3-year cumulative incidence of T2DM was 11.29%. Baseline MetS was associated with an increased risk of T2DM after adjusting for age (HR = 2.68, 95% CI, 2.27-3.17 in males; HR = 2.59, 95% CI, 1.83-3.65 in females). Baseline MetS exhibited relatively high specificity (88% in males, 94% in females) and high negative predictive value (90% in males, 94% in females) but low sensitivity (36% in males, 23% in females) and low positive predictive value (31% in males and females) for predicting the 3-year risk of T2DM. AUCs, including age and components of MetS, for the prediction model were 0.779 (95% CI: 0.759-0.799) in males and 0.860 (95% CI: 0.836-0.883) in females. Calibration curves revealed good agreement between prediction and observation results in males; however, the model could overestimate the risk when the predicted probability is >40% in females. CONCLUSIONS MetS predicts the risk of T2DM. The quantitative MetS-based prediction model for T2DM risk may improve preventive strategies for T2DM and present considerable public health benefits for the people in mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun-Fang Yang
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Lin Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-Shuai Shan
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua-Bo Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Zhong Chen
- Microarray Core Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215-5450, USA
| | - Cheng-Yun Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Gender difference of metabolic syndrome and its association with dietary diversity at different ages. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73568-73578. [PMID: 29088727 PMCID: PMC5650282 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research indicated that dietary diversity had favorable association with metabolic syndrome (MetS), and it has not been investigated in China. METHODS Adults (aged 18+) with complete dietary and biochemical data were collected from 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey (n=4308). Dietary diversity was measured by modified Dietary Diversity Score (DDS). MetS was defined by the harmonized criteria. The association between DDS and MetS was investigated by multivariable adjusted logistic regression. RESULTS An inverse-U shape relationship between MetS risk and age was detected for both genders, and female were more vulnerable than male at old times. More diversified diet decreased the risk of MetS for young female (≥18 & ≤45), similar trends were detected in serum TGs, abdominal adiposity, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose (all P<0.05). However, this association reversed for old female (>60) and male adults (>45&≤60). Greater DDS was associated with higher serum TGs, and lower HDL-C level for male adults, higher blood pressure for old men, but lower blood pressure and fasting blood glucose in young men (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION Male adults and old female had the highest risk of getting MetS. More diversified diet decreased MetS risk for young female, but increased the risk for male adults and old female.
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Azevedo Da Silva M, Balkau B, Roussel R, Tichet J, Fumeron F, Fagherazzi G, Nabi H. Longitudinal association of antidepressant medication use with metabolic syndrome: Results of a 9-year follow-up of the D.E.S.I.R. cohort study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 74:34-45. [PMID: 27567119 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal associations between antidepressant medication use and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS 5014 participants (49.8% were men) from the D.E.S.I.R. cohort study, aged 30-65 years at baseline in 1994-1996, were followed over 9 years at 3-yearly intervals (1997-1999, 2000-2002, and 2003-2005). Antidepressant use and MetS, defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP-ATP III) and the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) criteria, were assessed concurrently at four medical examinations. RESULTS In fully-adjusted longitudinal logistic regression analyses based on generalized estimating equations, antidepressant users had a 9% (p=0.011) and a 6% (p=0.036) greater annual increase in the odds of having the MetS defined by NCEP-ATP III and AHA/NHLBI criteria respectively. Sex-specific analyses showed that this association was confined to men only. When the different types of antidepressant were considered, men who used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), imipramine type antidepressants or "other" antidepressants had a 52% (p=0.028), 31% (p=0.011), and 16% (p=0.016) greater annual increase in the odds of having the MetS over time compared to non-users, respectively. These associations depended on the definition of the MetS. CONCLUSIONS Our longitudinal data showed that antidepressant use was associated with an increased odds of having the MetS in men but not in women and this was mainly for SSRIs, imipramine type and "other" antidepressants. People on antidepressants may need to be checked regularly for the elements of the metabolic syndrome treatable by change in diet, physical activity and/or by medication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Azevedo Da Silva
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France; University Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMRS 1018, F-78035, Versailles, France.
| | - Beverley Balkau
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France; University Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMRS 1018, F-78035, Versailles, France; University Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Nutrition, DHU FIRE, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, U1138, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean Tichet
- Institut inter Régional pour la Santé (IRSA), La Riche, France
| | - Frédéric Fumeron
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, U1138, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France; University Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Hermann Nabi
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France; University Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMRS 1018, F-78035, Versailles, France
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Identifying metabolic syndrome in a clinical cohort: Implications for prevention of chronic disease. Prev Med Rep 2016; 4:502-506. [PMID: 27699144 PMCID: PMC5045945 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the clinical setting, calculating cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is commonplace but the utility of the harmonised equation for metabolic syndrome (MetS) (Alberti et al., 2009) is less well established. The aims of this study were to apply this equation to an overweight clinical cohort to identify risk factors for being metabolically unhealthy and explore associations with chronic disease. Baseline data were analysed from a lifestyle intervention trial of Illawarra residents recruited in 2014/2015. Participants were aged 25–54 years with a BMI 25–40 kg/m2. Data included MetS, CVD risk, insulin sensitivity, weight, body fat, diet, peripheral artery disease (PAD), physical activity, socio-economic position and psychological profile. Backward stepwise regression tested the association of covariates with MetS status and linear or logistic regression tested associations between MetS and risk of CVD, coronary heart disease, PAD and insulin resistance. 374 participants were included in the analysis with 127 (34.0%) categorised with MetS. Covariates significantly and positively associated with MetS were higher BMI (odds 1.26, p < 0.01) and older age (odds 1.08, p < 0.01). MetS participants (n = 351) had a 4.50% increase in CVD risk and were 8.1 and 12.7 times (respectively) more likely to be at risk of CHD and insulin resistance, compared to participants without MetS. The utility of the harmonised equation in the clinical setting was confirmed in this overweight clinical cohort. Those classified as having MetS were more likely to be older, overweight/obese individuals and they had a substantially higher risk of developing CVD and insulin resistance than those without MetS. Older, obese individuals at greatest risk of having Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) Stress, socioeconomic, fitness and diet factors were not associated with MetS. MetS individuals had increased cardiovascular risk of 4.50%. MetS were 12.7 times more likely to be insulin resistant. Study identifies those at risk in order to implement early lifestyle changes.
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Vendrame S, Del Bo' C, Ciappellano S, Riso P, Klimis-Zacas D. Berry Fruit Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:antiox5040034. [PMID: 27706020 PMCID: PMC5187532 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome is a cluster of risk factors which often includes central obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, as well as a pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant, and pro-thrombotic environment. This leads to a dramatically increased risk of developing type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death both in the United States and worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that berry fruit consumption has a significant potential in the prevention and treatment of most risk factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome and its cardiovascular complications in the human population. This is likely due to the presence of polyphenols with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, such as anthocyanins and/or phenolic acids. The present review summarizes the findings of recent dietary interventions with berry fruits on human subjects with or at risk of Metabolic Syndrome. It also discusses the potential role of berries as part of a dietary strategy which could greatly reduce the need for pharmacotherapy, associated with potentially deleterious side effects and constituting a considerable financial burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Vendrame
- School of Food and Agriculture, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- DeFENS-Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Ciappellano
- DeFENS-Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Riso
- DeFENS-Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Dorothy Klimis-Zacas
- School of Food and Agriculture, Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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Wu Y, Yu Y, Zhao T, Wang S, Fu Y, Qi Y, Yang G, Yao W, Su Y, Ma Y, Shi J, Jiang J, Kou C. Interactions of Environmental Factors and APOA1-APOC3-APOA4-APOA5 Gene Cluster Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147946. [PMID: 26824674 PMCID: PMC4732668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. We evaluated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and the MetS risk and analyzed the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS. METHODS A study on the prevalence and risk factors for MetS was conducted using data from a large cross-sectional survey representative of the population of Jilin Province situated in northeastern China. A total of 16,831 participations were randomly chosen by multistage stratified cluster sampling of residents aged from 18 to 79 years in all nine administrative areas of the province. Environmental factors associated with MetS were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses based on the weighted sample data. A sub-sample of 1813 survey subjects who met the criteria for MetS patients and 2037 controls from this case-control study were used to evaluate the association between SNPs and MetS risk. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and SNP genotyping was determined by MALDI-TOF-MS. The associations between SNPs and MetS were examined using a case-control study design. The interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The overall adjusted prevalence of MetS was 32.86% in Jilin province. The prevalence of MetS in men was 36.64%, which was significantly higher than the prevalence in women (29.66%). MetS was more common in urban areas (33.86%) than in rural areas (31.80%). The prevalence of MetS significantly increased with age (OR = 8.621, 95%CI = 6.594-11.272). Mental labor (OR = 1.098, 95%CI = 1.008-1.195), current smoking (OR = 1.259, 95%CI = 1.108-1.429), excess salt intake (OR = 1.252, 95%CI = 1.149-1.363), and a fruit and dairy intake less than 2 servings a week were positively associated with MetS (P<0.05). A family history of diabetes (OR = 1.630, 95%CI = 1.484-1.791), cardiovascular disease or cerebral diseases (OR = 1.297, 95%CI = 1.211-1.389) was associated with MetS. APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821 revealed significant differences in genotype distributions between the MetS patients and control subjects. The minor alleles of APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821, and APOA5 rs2075291 were associated with MetS (P<0.0016). APOA1 rs5072 and APOC3 rs5128, APOA5 rs651821 and rs662799 were in strong linkage disequilibrium to each other with r2 greater than 0.8. Five haplotypes were associated with an increased risk of MetS (OR = 1.23, 1.58, 1.80, 1.90, and 1.98). When we investigated the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster gene polymorphisms, we found that APOA5 rs662799 had interactions with tobacco use and alcohol consumption (PGE<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of MetS in the northeast of China. Male gender, increasing age, mental labor, family history of diabetes, cardiovascular disease or cerebral diseases, current smoking, excess salt intake, fruit and dairy intake less than 2 servings a week, and drinking were associated with MetS. The APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster was associated with MetS in the Han Chinese. APOA5 rs662799 had interactions with the environmental factors associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Shibin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yingli Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Wenwang Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Jieping Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- * E-mail: (CGK); (JJ)
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
- * E-mail: (CGK); (JJ)
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Jacobson TA, Ito MK, Maki KC, Orringer CE, Bays HE, Jones PH, McKenney JM, Grundy SM, Gill EA, Wild RA, Wilson DP, Brown WV. National lipid association recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia: part 1--full report. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9:129-69. [PMID: 25911072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 532] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The leadership of the National Lipid Association convened an Expert Panel to develop a consensus set of recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia in clinical medicine. An Executive Summary of those recommendations was previously published. This document provides support for the recommendations outlined in the Executive Summary. The major conclusions include (1) an elevated level of cholesterol carried by circulating apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], termed atherogenic cholesterol) is a root cause of atherosclerosis, the key underlying process contributing to most clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events; (2) reducing elevated levels of atherogenic cholesterol will lower ASCVD risk in proportion to the extent that atherogenic cholesterol is reduced. This benefit is presumed to result from atherogenic cholesterol lowering through multiple modalities, including lifestyle and drug therapies; (3) the intensity of risk-reduction therapy should generally be adjusted to the patient's absolute risk for an ASCVD event; (4) atherosclerosis is a process that often begins early in life and progresses for decades before resulting a clinical ASCVD event. Therefore, both intermediate-term and long-term or lifetime risk should be considered when assessing the potential benefits and hazards of risk-reduction therapies; (5) for patients in whom lipid-lowering drug therapy is indicated, statin treatment is the primary modality for reducing ASCVD risk; (6) nonlipid ASCVD risk factors should also be managed appropriately, particularly high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, and diabetes mellitus; and (7) the measurement and monitoring of atherogenic cholesterol levels remain an important part of a comprehensive ASCVD prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry A Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Matthew K Ito
- Oregon State University/Oregon Health & Science University, College of Pharmacy, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kevin C Maki
- Midwest Center for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Research and DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Harold E Bays
- Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - James M McKenney
- Virginia Commonwealth University and National Clinical Research, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Scott M Grundy
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Edward A Gill
- University of Washington/Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert A Wild
- Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Don P Wilson
- Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Metabolic syndrome showed significant relationship with carotid atherosclerosis. Heart Vessels 2015; 31:664-70. [PMID: 25810113 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-015-0668-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We assessed the associations between MetS and the indicators of carotid atherosclerosis as assessed by ultrasonography taking into consideration of confounders in the general population. A total of 1281 subjects (856 males, 425 females) were included in the present study. The total plaque score and maximum intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries were measured as indicators of atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular risk factors were several metabolic components, serum uric acid, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and lifestyle factors. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program. The prevalences of an elevated total plaque score (≥5) and elevated IMT (>1 mm) of the carotid arteries were significantly higher in subjects with MetS as compared to subjects without MetS. Furthermore, a trend was observed towards higher prevalences of these indicators of atherosclerosis as the number of components of MetS increased. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between elevated plaque score and MetS even after adjustments for age, serum uric acid, serum CRP and lifestyle factors in the males. Among the indicators of atherosclerosis assessed by carotid ultrasonography, a significant independent association was observed between the total plaque score and MetS in males in the general population.
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14
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Love L, Cline MG. Perioperative physiology and pharmacology in the obese small animal patient. Vet Anaesth Analg 2015; 42:119-32. [DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Vadiveloo M, Parkeh N, Mattei J, Mattei J. Greater healthful food variety as measured by the US Healthy Food Diversity index is associated with lower odds of metabolic syndrome and its components in US adults. J Nutr 2015; 145:564-71. [PMID: 25733473 PMCID: PMC4336534 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.199125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consuming a wider variety of nutrient-dense foods may promote adherence to healthful dietary patterns, leading to improved dietary quality and enhanced metabolic health. OBJECTIVE We used the US Healthy Food Diversity (HFD) index to simultaneously measure dietary variety, quality, and proportionality, hypothesizing a priori that race/ethnicity may moderate associations between diet and health. METHODS A representative sample of adults (n = 7470) aged 20+ y with two 24-h recalls and complete outcome data from the cross-sectional NHANES 2003-2006 were selected. US HFD values were generated using a previously validated equation with a theoretical range from 0 to nearly 1, with higher scores indicative of more varied diets with a higher proportion of healthful food groups. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined using the most recent harmonized definition. Survey-weighted multivariable linear and logistic regression, adjusted for demographic factors, smoking, energy, screen time, and leisure activity, were used to compute means and ORs (95% CIs). RESULTS Adults in the third vs. first US HFD tertile had 21% lower odds of MetS [OR (95% CI): 0.79 (0.64, 0.98)] as well as lower odds of hypertension [0.83 (0.70, 0.995] and elevated waist circumference [0.75 (0.66, 0.86] after multivariable adjustment (P-trend < 0.05). The age- and sex-adjusted odds of low serum HDL cholesterol and impaired fasting plasma glucose (P-trend < 0.05) were lower in the highest vs. lowest US HFD tertile but attenuated with multivariable adjustment (P = 0.06 and 0.22, respectively). Notably, the US HFD index was only protective against adiposity among non-Hispanic white (NHW) and non-Hispanic black (NHB) adults, and MetS associations were driven by NHW adults. No associations were observed among Hispanic adults for any MetS components. CONCLUSIONS Greater healthful food variety was associated with lower odds of MetS and some MetS components in the total population, NHW adults, and NHB adults. This study provides preliminary evidence that healthful food diversity may protect against MetS and highlights the need for longitudinal and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Vadiveloo
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and
| | - Niyati Parkeh
- Department of Nutrition, Food Studies, and Public Health, and,Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and
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Ertelt A, Barton AK, Schmitz RR, Gehlen H. Metabolic syndrome: is equine disease comparable to what we know in humans? Endocr Connect 2014; 3:R81-93. [PMID: 24894908 PMCID: PMC4068110 DOI: 10.1530/ec-14-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes similarities and differences between the metabolic syndromes in humans and equines, concerning the anatomy, symptoms, and pathophysiological mechanisms. In particular, it discusses the structure and distribution of adipose tissue and its specific metabolic pathways. Furthermore, this article provides insights and focuses on issues concerning laminitis in horses and cardiovascular diseases in humans, as well as their overlap.
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Salas R, Bibiloni MDM, Ramos E, Villarreal JZ, Pons A, Tur JA, Sureda A. Metabolic syndrome prevalence among Northern Mexican adult population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105581. [PMID: 25141255 PMCID: PMC4139369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Dietary habits in the Mexican population have changed dramatically over the last few years, which are reflected in increased overweight and obesity prevalence. The aim was to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and associated risk factors in Northern Mexican adults aged ≥16 years. Methods and Results The study was a population-based cross-sectional nutritional survey carried out in the State of Nuevo León, Mexico. The study included a sub-sample of 1,200 subjects aged 16 and over who took part in the State Survey of Nutrition and Health–Nuevo León 2011/2012. Anthropometric measurements, physical activity, blood pressure and fasting blood tests for biochemical analysis were obtained from all subjects. The prevalence of MetS in Mexican adults aged ≥16 years was 54.8%, reaching 73.8% in obese subjects. This prevalence was higher in women (60.4%) than in men (48.9%) and increased with age in both genders. Multivariate analyses showed no evident relation between MetS components and the level of physical activity. Conclusions Obese adults, mainly women, are particularly at risk of developing MetS, with the associated implications for their health. The increasing prevalence of MetS highlights the need for developing strategies for its early detection and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Salas
- Faculty of Public Health Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Maria del Mar Bibiloni
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands and CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Esteban Ramos
- Faculty of Public Health Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - Antoni Pons
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands and CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands and CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands and CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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18
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Jahangiry L, Shojaeizadeh D, Najafi M, Mohammad K, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Montazeri A. 'Red Ruby': an interactive web-based intervention for lifestyle modification on metabolic syndrome: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:748. [PMID: 25059121 PMCID: PMC4122769 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although effectiveness of web-based interventions on lifestyle changes are recognized, the potential of such programs on metabolic syndrome has not been explored. We describe the protocol of a randomized controlled trial that aims to determine the feasibility, acceptability, usability, and effectiveness of interactive technology on lifestyle intervention in a population with metabolic syndrome. METHODS/DESIGN This is a two-arm randomized controlled trial. The study includes 160 participants (n = 80 per arm) who will be recruited via online registration on the study website. The inclusion criteria are that they should have metabolic syndrome and have access to the Internet. All participants will receive information on dietary intake and physical activity through the study website. The intervention group will receive additional resources via the study website including interactive Healthy Heart Profile and calorie restricted diet tailored to the participants. The primary outcomes are feasibility, acceptability, usability, and the change in metabolic syndrome components. The secondary outcomes are comparing quality of life, physical activity and food intake among the study arms. The participants will be followed up to 6 months with data collection scheduled at baseline, 3 and 6 months. DISCUSSION There is a need for developing and evaluating web-based interventions that target people with high risk for cardiovascular diseases. This study will therefore make an important contribution to this novel field of research and practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT201111198132N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Jahangiry
- />Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Shojaeizadeh
- />Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Najafi
- />Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Mohammad
- />Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- />Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- />Mental Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institutes for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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De Ciuceis C, Flati V, Rossini C, Rufo A, Porteri E, Di Gregorio J, Petroboni B, La Boria E, Donini C, Pasini E, Agabiti Rosei E, Rizzoni D. Effect of antihypertensive treatments on insulin signalling in lympho-monocytes of essential hypertensive patients: A pilot study. Blood Press 2014; 23:330-8. [DOI: 10.3109/08037051.2014.901021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions. In 2010, it was estimated that 6.4 % of the adult population (285 million) have diabetes. In recent years, the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a condition traditionally associated with aging, has been steadily increasing among younger individuals. It is now a well-established notion that the early-life period is a critical window of development and that influences during this period can "developmentally prime" the metabolic status of the adult. This review discusses the role of maternal and in utero influences on the developmental priming of T2D risk. Both human epidemiological studies and experimental animal models are beginning to demonstrate that early dietary challenges can accelerate the onset of age-associated metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance, T2D, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. These findings show that poor maternal nutrition can prime a prediabetes phenotype, often manifest as insulin resistance, by very early stages of life. Thus, the maternal diet is a critical determinant of premature T2D risk. While the mechanisms that link early nutrition to age-associated metabolic decline are currently unclear, preliminary findings suggest perturbations in a number of processes involved in cellular aging, such as changes in longevity-associated Sirtuin activity, epigenetic regulation of key metabolic genes, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Preliminary studies show that pharmacological interventions in utero and dietary supplementation in early postnatal life may alleviate insulin resistance and reduce T2D risk. However, further studies are warranted to fully understand the relationship between the early environment and long-term effects on metabolism. Such mechanistic insights will facilitate strategic interventions that prevent accelerated metabolic decline and the premature onset of T2D in the current and future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley D Bruce
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA,
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Duque-Guimarães DE, Ozanne SE. Nutritional programming of insulin resistance: causes and consequences. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:525-35. [PMID: 23791137 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Strong evidence indicates that adverse prenatal and early postnatal environments have a significant long-term influence on risk factors that result in insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular disease later in life. Here we discuss current knowledge of how maternal and neonatal nutrition influence early growth and the long-term risk of developing insulin resistance in different organs and at the whole-body level. Accumulating evidence supports a role for epigenetic mechanisms underlying this nutritional programming, consisting of heritable changes that regulate gene expression which in turn shapes the phenotype across generations. Deciphering these molecular mechanisms in key tissues and discovering key biological markers may provide valuable insight towards the development of effective intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella E Duque-Guimarães
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council (MRC) Metabolic Disease Unit, Institute of Metabolic Sciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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