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Wang X, Chen L, Lyu M, Wei N. The optimal cut-off values of screening tools for dynapenia: a cross-sectional study. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:4540-4545. [PMID: 37897320 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2274884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated whether anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test could be used to identify dynapenia. The cut-off values of accurate screening tools for identifying dynapenia were also established. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted on individuals ≥ 60 years old (N = 529). All participants underwent handgrip strength measurement, anthropometric measurements and the five times sit-to-stand test. The participants whose handgrip strength was < 28 kg for men and < 18 kg for women were considered to have dynapenia. The association between the recorded variables and dynapenia was determined using logistic regression, and cut-off values were established by performing the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of dynapenia was 35.42% in men and 25.61% in women. For males, both calf circumference (≤ 35.2 cm) and the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 14.6 s) could be used as accurate tools for dynapenia. For females, only the five times sit-to-stand test (≥ 11.8 s) had sufficient accuracy to be used as a screening tool for dynapenia. CONCLUSIONS The five times sit-to-stand test was an accurate screening tool for identifying dynapenia. The calf circumference could be only used as a screening tool in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengyu Lyu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Lindholm B, Basna R, Ekström H, Elmståhl S, Siennicki-Lantz A. Gait Speed Reserve in the general population-based 'Good Aging in Skåne' cohort study-distribution and associated factors. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01318-6. [PMID: 39192005 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gait Speed Reserve (GSR) expresses a difference between fast and comfortable gait speed and may have an impact on everyday functioning. It was also hypothesized as a useful proxy measure of physiological reserve. However, height-normalizing values of GSR and its associated factors have not been evaluated in a general population of older adults. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the distribution of height-normalized GSR (HN-GSR) in an elderly population-based cohort from urban and rural areas (n = 4342) aged 60-93 years and evaluate associated physiological and lifestyle factors. Using linear mixed models, we identified gender and nine modifiable factors as significantly associated with HN-GSR across four age groups. Better handgrip strength, cognition and standing balance, higher physical activity level, larger calf circumference, and less smoking had positive associations with HN-GSR, while female gender, more leg pain, higher weight and, alcohol consumption had opposite effects. The Marginal R2 imply that this model explained 26% of the variance in HN-GSR. Physical activity and handgrip strength varied across age groups in impact on HN-GSR. The differences were however comparatively minor. In this large cohort study of older adults, we proposed for the first time that factors associated with HN-GSR represented multi-domain features that are in line with previous findings reported for GSR. Measuring HN-GSR/GSR may help clinicians identify early physiological impairments or unhealthy lifestyle habits, especially among older women, and may also have safety implications in daily life. Further work is needed to find out if measuring HN-GSR/GSR may be useful in identifying adverse health outcomes and overall physiological reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Lindholm
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Cognitive Disorders Unit, Lund University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory Disorders and Geriatrics, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Rani Basna
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Henrik Ekström
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Arkadiusz Siennicki-Lantz
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
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Kemala Sari N, Stepvia S, Ilyas MF. The Association between Anthropometric Measurements and Body Composition with Hand Grip Strength among the Elderly Population in Indonesia. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4697. [PMID: 39200839 PMCID: PMC11355069 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hand grip strength (HGS) is a crucial measure for evaluating muscle function and general physical ability, and it may be associated with several diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated inconsistent associations between anthropometric measurement and body composition with HGS. This study aims to investigate the association between anthropometric measurement and body composition with HGS in the elderly population residing in Indonesia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on older adults aged between 60 and 82 years who live in the community. Anthropometric parameters assessed in this study comprised the body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), calf circumference (CC), and waist circumference (WC). Subsequently, body composition measurements, including fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and the appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI), were assessed using a body composition analyzer. Last, the measurement of HGS was conducted using a hand dynamometer. Results: A total of 109 participants were involved in this study. Our study demonstrates a significant association between anthropometric parameters, namely CC and HGS. Subsequently, several body composition parameters, including FFM, SMM, ASMI, and MM in the four extremities, are also significantly associated with HGS. However, in a multivariate analysis, only CC and FFM were able to significantly predict HGS. Conclusions: Improving CC and maintaining FFM may enhance muscle strength in older adults. This suggests that targeted exercise and nutrition programs could increase muscle mass and strength, thereby mitigating age-related decline and improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kemala Sari
- Geriatric Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia;
| | - Stepvia Stepvia
- Geriatric Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia;
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Månsson T, Rosso A, Ellström K, Elmståhl S. Elevated pulse pressure preceded incident chronic kidney disease in the general older population in Sweden. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15414. [PMID: 38965357 PMCID: PMC11224232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness (AS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common in the older population. AS results in increased pulsatile pressure, elevated pulse pressure (PP), and is linked to hypertension. PP is a surrogate for AS. The kidney has low vascular resistance mechanisms, presumably making it vulnerable to the increased pulsatile pressure and hypertension associated with AS. The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of PP elevation on incident CKD (glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) and all-cause mortality. The data was collected from the general population cohort study "Good Aging in Skåne". Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, and smoking habits were used to investigate the impact of three levels of PP elevation on incident CKD (n = 2693) and all-cause mortality (n = 5253). For PP < 60 mmHg, the median survival time was 18.7 years (event incident CKD) and first quartile survival time (event all-cause mortality) 15.4 years. Elevated PP ≥ 80 mmHg was associated with incident CKD (hazard ratio 1.59, CI 1.28-1.97), but not all-cause mortality. Our results suggest that a finding of PP ≥ 80 mmHg in older age should raise concern of kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Månsson
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, pl 13, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Aldana Rosso
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, pl 13, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Katarina Ellström
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, pl 13, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms Gata 35, pl 13, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
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Kiss CM, Bertschi D, Beerli N, Berres M, Kressig RW, Fischer AM. Calf circumference as a surrogate indicator for detecting low muscle mass in hospitalized geriatric patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:25. [PMID: 38321234 PMCID: PMC10847205 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is characterized by low muscle strength, decreased muscle mass, and decline in physical performance. While the measurements of muscle strength and physical performance are easy to perform, an accurate evaluation of muscle mass is technically more demanding. We therefore evaluated the suitability of calf circumference (CC) as a clinical indicator for muscle mass. METHODS In a cross-sectional single-centre study, geriatric inpatients were assessed for sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) consensus. Calf circumference was tested for correlation with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to calculate the discriminatory value of the CC cut-off values to differentiate patients above and below ASMI cut-offs for sarcopenia. RESULTS In this study population (n = 305, age 83.5 ± 7.0 years, BMI 25.7 kg/m2, 65.6% female), the prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.6%. In subjects with low ASMI, mean CC was 29.5 ± 3.4 cm for females and 32.0 ± 3.4 cm for males. A positive relationship between CC and ASMI was found. The optimized cut-off value for CC to identify patients with low ASMI was <31.5 cm for females (sensitivity 78%, specificity 79%), and <33.5 cm for males (sensitivity 71%, specificity 62%). CONCLUSION In clinical settings where imaging technology for muscle mass quantification is not available, simple calf circumference measurement may be used as a dependable indicator for low muscle mass in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Kiss
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Bertschi
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Geriatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Beerli
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Nursing Science, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Berres
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Reto W Kressig
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas M Fischer
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Bronge W, Lindholm B, Elmståhl S, Siennicki-Lantz A. Epidemiology and Functional Impact of Early Peripheral Neuropathy Signs in Older Adults from a General Population. Gerontology 2023; 70:257-268. [PMID: 38043521 PMCID: PMC10911163 DOI: 10.1159/000535620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral neuropathy (PN) becomes more common with increasing life expectancy, but general population prevalence estimates are lacking. We investigated an epidemiological distribution of signs of PN among 2,996 community-dwelling participants in Good Aging in Skåne Study, age 60-97, and their impact on physical and autonomic function. METHODS Signs of PN were measured with Utah Early Neuropathy Scale (UENS). Associations between UENS and physical tests, pain, and dysautonomic phenomena were calculated for each sex, adjusted for age, with estimated marginal means (EMM) and odds ratios (ORs) in four UENS quantiles (Q1-Q4). RESULTS Participants in Q4 had worse EMM for: time to complete Timed Up and Go test (Q4-Q1: male 10.8-9.6 s; female 11.7-10.2 s), 15 m Walk test (Q4-Q1: male 11.1-9.9 s; female 11.2-10.4 s), and fewer repetitions in Step test (Q4-Q1: male 15.2-17.0 steps; female 14.5-15.8 steps). Higher OR of failing one-leg balance 60 s test {male 2.5 (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 1.7-3.8); female 2.1 (1.1-3.2)}, Foam Pad Balance test (male 4.6 [CI 95%: 3.2-6.7]; female 1.8 [1.3-2.6]), and lower physical quality of life were seen in Q4 compared to Q1. Participants in Q4 had higher OR for walking aid usage, falls, fear of falling, pain, and urinary incontinence, while in males, higher OR for orthostatic intolerance, fecal incontinence, and constipation. CONCLUSIONS In a general population, 20-25% of older adults who have highest UENS scores, a sensitive measure of early PN, express slower gait, worse balance, lower quality of life, pain, falls and fear of falling, and autonomic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Bronge
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Beata Lindholm
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Natarajan Gavriilidou N, Jonasson G, Sundh V, Rothenberg E, Lissner L. Does mandibular bone structure predict subsequent height loss? A longitudinal cohort study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066844. [PMID: 37402521 PMCID: PMC10391805 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several risk factors for loss of height with increasing age have been identified. OBJECTIVE To investigate if mandibular bone structure predicts future height loss in middle-aged and elderly Swedish women. DESIGN Prospective cohort study with longitudinally measured heights, radiographical assessments of the cortical bone using Klemetti's Index (normal, moderate or severely eroded cortex) and classification of the trabecular bone using an index proposed by Lindh et al (sparse, mixed or dense trabeculation). No intervention was performed. SETTING Gothenburg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS A population-based sample of 937 Swedish women born in 1914, 1922 and 1930 was recruited. At the baseline examination, the ages were 38, 46 and 54 years. All had undergone a dental examination with panoramic radiographs of the mandible, and a general examination including height measurements on at least two occasions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Height loss was calculated over three periods 12-13 years (1968-1980, 1980-1992, 1992-2005). MAIN RESULTS Mean annual height loss measures were 0.075 cm/year, 0.08 cm/year and 0.18 cm/year over the three observation intervals, corresponding to absolute decreases of 0.9 cm, 1.0 cm and 2.4 cm. Cortical erosion in 1968, 1980 and 1992 significantly predicted height loss 12 years later. Sparse trabeculation in 1968, 1980 and 1992 also predicted significant shrinkage over 12 or 13 years. Multivariable regression analyses adjusting for baseline covariates such as height, birth year, physical activity, smoking, body mass index and education yielded consistent findings except for cortical erosion 1968-1980. CONCLUSION Mandibular bone structure characteristics such as severe cortical erosion and sparse trabeculation may serve as early risk factors for height loss. Since most individuals visit their dentist at least every 2 years and radiographs are taken, a collaboration between dentists and physicians may open opportunities for predicting future risk of height loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grethe Jonasson
- Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Valter Sundh
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Rothenberg
- Department of Nursing and Integrated Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Lauren Lissner
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Tesfa NA, Dessie AM, Anley DT, Zemene MA, Gebeyehu NA, Adella GA, Kassie GA, Mengstie MA, Seid MA, Abebe EC, Gesese MM, Bayih WA, Kebede YS, Bantie B, Dejenie TA, Chanie ES, Feleke SF. Anthropometric Measurements of Singleton Live Full-Term Newborns in Comparison to Who Standard at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialised Hospital, Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF MOTHER AND CHILD 2023; 27:198-208. [PMID: 37991974 PMCID: PMC10680122 DOI: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20232701.d-23-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthropometry is a universally applicable, non-expensive, rapid and noninvasive technique used to evaluate and reflect the nutritional status of an individual. Anthropometric measurements of newborns reflect their general health, nutritional status and future survival by tracking trends in growth and development over time. It has also considerable significance in terms of determining the risk of death and extra uterine complications. Most previously conducted studies assessing newborn anthropometry had used birth weight as the sole parameter. But it is apparent that other anthropometric measurements, such as length and head circumference, are also important in predicting short-term and long-term outcomes. So this study assesses anthropometric measurements of singleton live full-term newborns at University of Gondar comprehensive specialised hospital, Ethiopia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 333 newborn from 5 June to 11 July 2022, in the maternity and neonatal ward of University of Gondar comprehensive specialised hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. The Kobo toolbox software platform was used for data collection, and STATA software version 16 was used for analysis. RESULTS The mean birth weight, length and head circumference of the newborns in the current study were 2977 grams (95% CI: 2935.7, 3018.3), 47.05 centimeters (95% CI: 46.72-47.37) and 34.7 centimeters (95% CI: 34.6, 34.88), respectively. The prevalence of SGA (< 10th percentile) and LGA (> 90th percentile) was 20.12% and 6.01%, respectively. Independent samples t-test was done to see the association of newborn sex with anthropometric indices, and the result showed that the difference was statistically insignificant in all of anthropometric parameters. CONCLUSION This study of normal reference values will provide basic step for future standardisation of Ethiopian term newborns anthropometric parameters to be used for accurate assessment of newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natnael Amare Tesfa
- School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Mengist Dessie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Denekew Tenaw Anley
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Aderajew Zemene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Asmare Adella
- Department of Reproductive Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Woliata Sodo University, Woliata Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Ambaw Kassie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Woliata Sodo University, Woliata Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Abdu Seid
- Unit of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Molalegn Mesele Gesese
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Alebachew Bayih
- Department of maternal and neonatal health Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yenealem Solomon Kebede
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Berihun Bantie
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ermiyas Sisay Chanie
- Department of pediatrics and child health Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Sefineh Fenta Feleke
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
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Mothiba TM, Mphasha MH, Molepo TT, Bastiaens H, Wens J. Feasibility study on the use of the modified Finnish Diabetes Risk Score in South African context: a case of home-based carers. JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, METABOLISM AND DIABETES OF SOUTH AFRICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/16089677.2023.2178156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- TM Mothiba
- Faculty of Healthcare Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - MH Mphasha
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - TT Molepo
- Department of Nursing, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - H Bastiaens
- Department of General Practice (S5), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - J Wens
- Department of Family Practice, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Mazaheri-Tehrani S, Yazdi M, Heidari-Beni M, Yazdani Z, Kelishadi R. The association between vitamin C dietary intake and its serum levels with anthropometric indices: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 51:101733. [PMID: 36774847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND studies showed inflammatory background of overweight and obesity. Prevalence of weight disorders has dramatically increased over the past few decades. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and may be associated with weight disorders. This study aims to systematically review the relationship between dietary and serum vitamin C levels with anthropometric indices. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library and Google Scholar up to the end of August 2021. All observational studies that assessed the relationship between dietary or circulating vitamin C levels and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) on adults were included. The quality of included studies was assessed using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool. RESULTS Among 11,689 studies, 47 and 37 articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. There was an inverse significant correlation between WC and serum vitamin C levels (r = -0.28, 95% CI: -0.35,-0.21, I2 = 14.2%) and between BMI and serum vitamin C levels (r = -0.17, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.09, I2 = 72.8%). Higher vitamin C consumption was significantly associated with lower BMI. There were no significant differences in serum vitamin C levels between normal-weight and overweight subjects, but serum vitamin C levels were significantly higher in obese subjects in comparison with normal-weight subjects. CONCLUSION Results showed that both dietary and serum vitamin C levels were inversely associated with BMI and WC. More well-designed clinical trials are needed to assess the effect of vitamin C supplementation in prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Mazaheri-Tehrani
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Yazdi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Motahar Heidari-Beni
- Department of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Zahra Yazdani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Carrión-Martínez A, Buckley BJR, Orenes-Piñero E, Marín F, Lip GYH, Rivera-Caravaca JM. Anthropometric Measures and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Is there an Opportunity for Non-Traditional Anthropometric Assessment? A Review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:414. [PMID: 39076676 PMCID: PMC11270468 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2312414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several anthropometric measurements are used to assess cardiovascular risk and progress during clinical treatment. Most commonly used anthropometric measurements include total body weight and body mass index (BMI), with several other simple anthropometric measures typically underused in clinical practice. Herein, we review the evidence on the relationship between different anthropometric measurements and cardiovascular risk in patients with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods Data for this review were identified by searches in PubMed, the Web of Science, Google Scholar, and references from relevant articles by using appropriate and related terms. The last search was performed on June 22, 2022. Articles published in English and Spanish were reviewed and included, if appropriate. We included studies detailing the relationship between skinfolds thickness, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and Conicity index with cardiovascular risk in adults with/without CVD. Results In patients from the general population, elevated subscapular and triceps skinfolds showed a positive relationship with the development of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. A higher subscapular skinfold was also associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease and stroke. A higher WHR, as well as other less common anthropometric measurements such as the Conicity index, was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, incident CVD, major adverse cardiovascular events, and mortality in both patients with and without previous CVD. Conclusions Non-traditional anthropometric measurements including skinfolds and WHR seem to improve the prediction of cardiovascular risk in the general population, and recurrent events in patients with previous CVD. Use of additional anthropometric techniques according to an objective and standardized method, may aid cardiovascular risk stratification in patients from the general population and the evaluation of therapeutic interventions for patients with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Carrión-Martínez
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Benjamin J R Buckley
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, L14 3PE Liverpool, UK
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, UK
| | - Esteban Orenes-Piñero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Marín
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Gregory Y. H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, L14 3PE Liverpool, UK
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, UK
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Aalborg University, L69 3BX Aalborg, Denmark
| | - José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, L14 3PE Liverpool, UK
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12
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Gómez-Campos R, Vidal-Espinoza R, Marques de Moraes A, Lázari E, Andruske CL, Castelli Correia de Campos L, Urzua-Alul L, Cossio-Bolaños W, Cossio-Bolanõs MA. Comparison of Anthropometric Indicators That Assess Nutritional Status From Infancy to Old Age and Proposal of Percentiles for a Regional Sample of Chile. Front Nutr 2021; 8:657491. [PMID: 35004795 PMCID: PMC8740328 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.657491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Anthropometric variables are used to evaluate health, dietary status, disease risks, and changes in body composition. The purpose of this study was to compare weight, height, and Body Mass Index (BMI) with American references from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS-2012), using BMI and Tri-Ponderal Mass Index (TMI) to propose percentiles for evaluating nutritional status of children, adolescents, and adults, ages 5-80 years old. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 15,436 (8,070 males and 7,366 females) children, youths and adults in the Maule region (Chile). The age range ranged from 5.0 to ~80 years of age. Weight and height were assessed. Body mass index BMI and tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) were calculated. The LMS method was used to generate percentiles. Results: The results illustrated that children were heavier and had more BMI during childhood compared to the NCHS references. During adolescence, reference values were greater until approximately ages 70-79. For height, children were relatively similar to those of the NCHS references, but during adolescence, differences became evident. Adolescence until approximately age 80, the population showed lower values for height. Percentiles were calculated using BMI and TMI by age range and sex. Differences occurred between the American NCHS references and the population with regard to the anthropometric variables of weight, height, and in BMI. Conclusion: Discrepancies with the American NCHS reference were verified in the anthropometric variables of weight, height and BMI. Reference percentiles of BMI and TMI were developed for the evaluation of the nutritional status of the regional population of Maule (Chile). Its use is suggested in clinical and epidemiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Gómez-Campos
- Departamento de Diversidad e Inclusividad Educativa, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luis Urzua-Alul
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | | | - Marco A. Cossio-Bolanõs
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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Fabisiak B, Jankowska A, Kłos R, Knudsen J, Gillsjö C, Kuprienko I, Vidiasova L, Poberznik A, Kreigere V. Preferences of seniors living in selected Baltic Sea region countries towards the use of indoor public space furniture. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258676. [PMID: 34882692 PMCID: PMC8659680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Demographic changes can be observed all over the world. The number of seniors located in the societies of well-developed countries continues to rise. Both enterprises and governments need to be prepared for such changes. Consequently, public spaces need to evolve to reduce problems related to ageism and be friendly to all. Much attention is currently being paid to finding solutions for redesigning public spaces and adjusting them to the needs and requirements of senior citizens. To identify the preferences of seniors in relation to the characteristics of furniture in indoor public spaces, a survey study with 1539 respondents aged 60+ was conducted in Denmark, Finland, Latvia, Poland, Russia and Sweden. The gathered data were coded and implemented to the unified database. The statistical grouping method was used to recognize the characteristics of the needs and attitudes of seniors related to the use of public space furniture. The main variables taken into consideration in the analysis were the age and gender of respondents and their country of living. Among the most important findings are those indicating the necessity to provide the increased number of furniture for sitting in the public spaces and making sure they are not located too far away from each other. As the main disadvantages of public space furniture respondents indicated the lack of armrests or other solutions to facilitate getting up and/or sitting down, as well as profiled backrests that constitute solid support for the spine. The implementation of these data in the process of rethinking and redesigning public spaces may support the adaptation of indoor public furniture according to the requirements of a very large group of customers, namely, seniors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Fabisiak
- Department of Furniture Design, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Jankowska
- Department of Economics and Economic Policy in Agribusiness, Faculty of Economics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Kłos
- Department of Furniture Design, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joan Knudsen
- Development Centre UMT, secretariat for Lifestyle & Design Cluster, Herning, Denmark
| | - Catharina Gillsjö
- University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences, Skövde, Sweden
- University of Rhode Island, College of Nursing, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Igor Kuprienko
- Project Development Division, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Vidiasova
- e-Governance center, Institute of Design and Urban Studies,, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anja Poberznik
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Pori, Finland
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Sarcopenia and malnutrition in relation to mortality in hospitalised patients in geriatric care - predictive validity of updated diagnoses. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 45:442-448. [PMID: 34620352 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The definition of sarcopenia was recently updated by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia (EWGSOP2), and consensus criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition have been presented by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence and mortality related to categorisation of patients according to these definitions in a geriatric hospital setting. METHOD Fifty-six consecutive geriatric inpatients (84y (SD 7.3), 68% women) underwent test of handgrip strength (HGS) and five-rise chair stand test (5CST). Muscle mass and fat free mass (FFM) were evaluated by Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Calf circumference (CC) was recorded. Probable sarcopenia was defined, according to EWGSOP2, as low HGS (<27/16 kg for men/women) and/or 5CST >15 s; sarcopenia was confirmed when coupled with low appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI <7.0 and <5.5 kg/m2 (m/w)). Malnutrition was defined according to GLIM as weight loss >5% (past 6 mo); BMI <20/22 kg/m2 (<70/>70y); and FFM-index <17/15 kg/m2 (m/w) combined with reduced food intake and/or disease burden/inflammatory condition. Alternatively, CC <31 cm was used as a proxy for low muscle mass for both sarcopenia and malnutrition. One- and two-year mortality was registered. RESULTS All participants displayed probable sarcopenia; 46% and 20% were sarcopenic depending on whether muscle mass was estimated by DXA or CC. Malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria was prevalent in 64% or 60% (muscle mass by DXA or CC, respectively). Nine in ten with sarcopenia were also malnourished. Twenty-six participants (46%) died within two years. Sarcopenia defined by CC <31 cm, but not by DXA, was associated with increased mortality; e.g. 2-y mortality HR was 3.19 (95% CI 1.31-7.75). Similarly, malnutrition according to GLIM related to increased 1-y mortality (HR 4.83, 95% CI 1.04-22.39) when DXA was used for muscle mass estimation. All of the participants with CC <31 cm were categorised as both sarcopenic and malnourished. CONCLUSION In this small set of well-characterised geriatric inpatients all displayed probable sarcopenia. Prevalence of sarcopenia (EWGSOP2) and malnutrition (GLIM) was 20-46% and 60-64%, respectively. Both conditions related to mortality. CC <31 cm hold promises to be an acceptable alternative for DXA as a proxy for low muscle mass.
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Padilla CJ, Ferreyro FA, Arnold WD. Anthropometry as a readily accessible health assessment of older adults. Exp Gerontol 2021; 153:111464. [PMID: 34256113 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Anthropometry (derived from the Greek Anthropos: human, and metron: measure) refers to the systematic collection, and measurement of the physical characteristics of the human body, primarily body weight, body size, and shape. Anthropometric values are closely related to genetic factors, environmental characteristics, social, and cultural conditions, lifestyle, functional status, and health. Anthropometric measurements can be used to assess risk of malnutrition, obesity, muscle wasting, increased fat mass, and maldistribution of adipose tissue. Potential modifiable factors include circumferences, skinfolds, and body weight. While are height, and the bone diameters are non-modifiable. Kinanthropometry is the study of size, shape, proportionality, composition, biological maturation, and body function, in order to understand the process of growth, exercise, sports performance, and nutrition. Aging of the population, which is associated with increased risk of chronic disease, and disability, is one of the most important demographic changes facing many countries. Anthropometric indicators are simple, portable, non-invasive, inexpensive, and easily applied measurements that can be readily applied in geriatric populations to guide preventative measures, and medical interventions in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Padilla
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Fernando A Ferreyro
- Division of Nutritional Science, Department of Health Science, Universidad de las Americas Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
| | - W David Arnold
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of PM&R, The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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16
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Sukkriang N, Somrak K. Correlation Between Mini Nutritional Assessment and Anthropometric Measurements Among Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals in Rural Southern Thailand. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:1509-1520. [PMID: 34177268 PMCID: PMC8219300 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s315652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) can be applied to assess nutrition status among community-dwelling elderly individuals by health care professionals. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of MNA score and anthropometric measurements, gait speed, and handgrip strength among elderly community members. The secondary outcome was to compare the performance of the MNA-SF with the full MNA. Materials and Methods The study was a cross-sectional study with 176 elderly individuals aged ≥60 years living in rural southern Thailand. The MNA-SF and full MNA scores were obtained by using the standard form in the Thai version of the MNA. We collected anthropometric measurements, gait speed, handgrip strength, and MNA data. Results There was a significant positive correlation between body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, handgrip strength and full MNA total score using the partial correlation coefficient after controlling for age and sex. The MNA-SF had sensitivity of 78.79%, specificity of 81.82%, PPV of 50%, NPV of 94.35%, LR+ of 4.33, LR- of 0.26, accuracy of 81.25% and AUC 0.901 when using the full MNA as a reference standard. Conclusion The MNA correlated with many anthropometric measurements. The MNA-SF had a high specificity, NPV and accuracy of more than 80% when compared with the full MNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naparat Sukkriang
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.,Walailak University Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Kamlai Somrak
- Walailak University Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.,School of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
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17
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Physical Performance in Older Cohorts: A Comparison of 81-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women Born Twelve Years Apart-Results from the Swedish Study "Good Aging in Skåne". J Aging Res 2021; 2021:8813992. [PMID: 34194845 PMCID: PMC8203370 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8813992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials and Methods Birth cohorts of both sexes drawn from the Swedish study “Good Aging in Skåne” for the years 1920–22 and 1932–34 were compared. Walking, the step test, the chair stand test, and the handgrip strength test were used as proxies for the physical performance. The results were adjusted for lifestyle habits and common chronic geriatric diseases. Results Both men and women in the later-born cohort walked more quickly and completed the chair stand test faster, and women were also quicker in the step test. No significant differences were found in the grip test, in either the male or female cohorts. Discussion. Normative reference values for physical tests of subjects of different ages can be misleading unless cohort effects are considered. Furthermore, age-related trajectories can also be misinterpreted if cohort effects are neglected which, in the longer perspective, could affect health care planning. Conclusion Birth cohort effects should be considered when comparing walking speed, number of steps, chair stands, and the step test, in men and women of older age.
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Başıbüyük GÖ, Ayremlou P, Saeidlou SN, Ay F, Dalkıran A, Simzari W, Vitályos GÁ, Bektaş Y. A comparison of the different anthropometric indices for assessing malnutrition among older people in Turkey: a large population-based screening. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2021; 40:13. [PMID: 33785057 PMCID: PMC8011074 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-021-00228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to an increase in aging worldwide, assessment of the nutritional status of older people becomes an important matter. Malnutrition in older people increases the risk of infections, disease period and hospitalization rates. This study aimed to compare the different anthropometric indices for detecting malnutrition among older people and comparing these indices among males and females to explain the possible differences. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 2721 aged 65 years and older in Turkey were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements weight, height, hip circumference (HC), and waist circumference (WC), abdominal circumference (AC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), calf circumference (CC)) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI) and body adiposity index (BAI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) indices were calculated using standardized formulas. The receiver operator characteristic curves (ROCs) were conducted in detecting the best anthropometric parameters. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) (stratified by sex) calculated for each anthropometric index. RESULTS Participants with both BMI < 18.5 (1.1%) and BMI > 25 (80%) defined as the malnourished group and BMI of 18.5-24.99 (18.9%) defined as the normal group. In both sexes, the area under the curve (AUC) was > 0.7 for all anthropometric indices except WHR in females (AUC 0.66). BRI, WHR, WHtR, and AVI indices strongly predict the risk of malnutrition among both sexes. In males, the ORs were for BRI (6.83, 95% CI 5.39-8.66), WHR (6.43, 95% CI 5.9-6.9), AVI (2.02, 95% CI 1.86-2.12). In females, the ORs were for BRI (3.72, 95% CI 3.09-4.48), WtHR (2.63, 95% CI 1.3-3.5), and WHR (2.45, 95% CI 1.9-3.06). DISCUSSION The presence of a large AUC in almost all anthropometric indices suggests that they can be used to assess the risk of malnutrition among older persons in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parvin Ayremlou
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sakineh Nouri Saeidlou
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Faruk Ay
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Literature, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Akgül Dalkıran
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Literature, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Wida Simzari
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, School of Health Sciences, Coppadocia University, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Gábor Áron Vitályos
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Primary and Pre-School Education, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yener Bektaş
- Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey
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Kinoshita H, Kobayashi M, Kajii Y, Satonaka A, Suzuki N. Calf circumference positively correlates with calf muscle thickness and negatively correlates with calf subcutaneous fat thickness and percent body fat in non-obese healthy young adults. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:343-349. [PMID: 33687177 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calf circumference is measured for assessing sarcopenia, nutrition status, percent body fat or obesity. However, there has been no study that investigated the relationship between calf circumference and calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between calf circumference, calf muscle thickness, and calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness in nonobese healthy young adults. METHODS The study participants were non-obese 22 women (20.1 ± 0.8 years) and 21 men (20.0 ± 0.8 years). The right calf circumference was measured in prone position at the point where the circumference was maximal by visual recognition using a measuring tape. Then, thickness of calf subcutaneous fat tissue and calf muscles were measured with an ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. RESULTS There was a positive relationship between calf circumference and calf muscle thickness both in women (r = 0.58, P < 0.01) and men (r = 0.46, P < 0.05), negative relathionship between calf circumference and calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness both in women (r = -0.43, P < 0.05) and men (r = -0.67, P < 0.001), no correlation between calf circumference and percent body fat both in women (r = 0.04, P = 0.87) and men (r = 0.41, P = 0.06), and a negative relationship between calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness and percent body fat both in women (r = -0.48, P < 0.05) and men (r = -0.46, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our present study showed that a larger calf indicated larger calf muscle thickness, and largely different from previous studies, a lower calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness. That is because when the calf circumference increases, calf subcutaneous fat tissue thickness should be thinner to keep the percent body fat equal in non-obese healthy young adults. The finding will help to get a better understanding of the nature of the calf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Kinoshita
- Department of Physical Therapy, General Aoyama Hospital, Toyokawa, Japan
| | - Mayu Kobayashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ichinomiya Onsen Hospital, Huehuki, Japan
| | - Yuta Kajii
- Heimat Okazaki Long-Term Care Facility, Okazakikai Medical Corporation, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ayako Satonaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Biwako Professional University of Rehabilitation, Higashiomi, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Tokoha University, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Suzuki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Tokoha University, Hamamatsu, Japan -
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Abdominal obesity and myocardial infarction risk - We demonstrate the anthropometric and mathematical reasons that justify the association bias of the waist-to-hip ratio. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:502-510. [PMID: 33757289 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antecedentes: el índice cintura-cadera (ICC) se utiliza ampliamente para evaluar la asociación de la obesidad abdominal con el infarto de miocardio (IM). Objetivo: nuestro propósito era determinar si el riesgo asociado a la ICC produce sesgo. Métodos: estudio de casos y controles en 252 varones. Usamos la estratificación como criterio para eliminar los efectos del sesgo. Creamos una covariable basal (ICC0,95-0,99) para una nueva muestra emparejada en el estrato de valores entre 0,95 y 0,99. Este estrato coincide con el área común de solapamiento de la distribución de puntos, donde todos los sujetos tienen un índice de propensión similar. Consideramos otra covariable (ICCS) condicionada en ICC < 1 y una circunferencia de cintura (CC) donde la asignación de riesgo fuera espúrea. Hipotetizamos que restando CC del valor de la cadera se calculaba otra variable aritmética (DCC) que podría ser esencial para evidenciar el efecto de confusion que genera el ICC. Resultados: IMC: ABC: 0,694, IC 95 % (0,628-0,760); OR: 3,8. CC: ABC: 0,743, IC 95 % (0,681-0,805); OR: 5,7. ICC: ABC: 0,798, IC 95 % (0,740-0,855); OR: 8,6. Índice cintura-talla (ICT): ABC: 0,782, IC 95 % (0,724-0,840); OR: 8,5. DCC: ABC: 0,204, IC 95 % (0,146-0,261); OR: 0,36. Prevalencia en los casos: ICC ≥ 0,95 (84,1 % vs. 38 %; OR: 8,6); ICC < 1 (36,3 % vs. 85,7 %; OR: 2,3); ICC ≥ 1 (63,4 % vs. 14,2 %; OR: 4,4); CC ≥ 94,4 (71,4 % vs. 30,1 %; OR: 5,7); DCC ≥ 2,2 (27,7 % vs. 75,3 %; OR: 7,9); ICCs (50 % vs. 25 %; OR: 2). Conclusiones: el ICC produce un sesgo de asociación en los casos de IM. Ello puede extrapolarse a otras poblaciones de estudio. El sesgo se explica por un error de concepto matemático que sobreestima el efecto protector de la cadera con respecto a la CC y la altura. El riesgo asociado al ICC por encima del de la CC o el ICT presenta inconsistencia antropométrica y sesgo, llegando a ser epidemiológicamente falso.
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van Santen SS, Olsson DS, Hammarstrand C, Wijnen M, Fiocco M, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Johannsson G, Janssen JAMJL, van der Lely AJ, Neggers SJCMM. Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in Craniopharyngioma Patients: A Longitudinal Study Over 10 Years. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5900043. [PMID: 32869850 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Patients with craniopharyngioma suffer from obesity and impaired bone health. Little is known about longitudinal changes in body composition and bone mineral density (BMD). OBJECTIVE To describe body composition and BMD (change). DESIGN Retrospective longitudinal study. SETTING Two Dutch/Swedish referral centers. PATIENTS Patients with craniopharyngioma (n = 112) with a dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan available (2 DXA scans, n = 86; median Δtime 10.0 years; range 0.4-23.3) at age ≥ 18 years (58 [52%] male, 50 [45%] childhood onset). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Longitudinal changes of body composition and BMD, and associated factors of ΔZ-score (sex and age standardized). RESULTS BMI (from 28.8 ± 4.9 to 31.2 ± 5.1 kg/m2, P < .001), fat mass index (FMI) (from 10.5 ± 3.6 to 11.9 ± 3.8 kg/m2, P = .001), and fat free mass index (FFMI) (from 18.3 ± 3.2 to 19.1 ± 3.2 kg/m2, P < .001) were high at baseline and increased. Fat percentage and Z-scores of body composition did not increase, except for FFMI Z-scores (from 0.26 ± 1.62 to 1.06 ± 2.22, P < .001). Z-scores of total body, L2-L4, femur neck increased (mean difference 0.61 ± 1.12, P < .001; 0.74 ± 1.73, P < .001; 0.51 ± 1.85, P = .02). Linear regression models for ΔZ-score were positively associated with growth hormone replacement therapy (GHRT) (femur neck: beta 1.45 [95% CI 0.51-2.39]); and negatively with radiotherapy (femur neck: beta -0.79 [-1.49 to -0.09]), glucocorticoid dose (total body: beta -0.06 [-0.09 to -0.02]), and medication to improve BMD (L2-L4: beta -1.06 [-1.84 to -0.28]). CONCLUSIONS Z-scores of BMI, fat percentage, and FMI remained stable in patients with craniopharyngioma over time, while Z-scores of FFMI and BMD increased. Higher glucocorticoid dose and radiotherapy were associated with BMD loss and GHRT with increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selveta S van Santen
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel S Olsson
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Casper Hammarstrand
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mark Wijnen
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Medical Statistics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gudmundur Johannsson
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joseph A M J L Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J van der Lely
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian J C M M Neggers
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology; Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Sarcopenia in hospitalized geriatric patients: insights into prevalence and associated parameters using new EWGSOP2 guidelines. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:653-660. [PMID: 33060812 PMCID: PMC8035069 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Data on prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated parameters in hospitalized geriatric patients are heterogeneous due to various definitions of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia using latest recommendations of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), and to investigate associated parameters in patients admitted to acute geriatrics and geriatric rehabilitation. Methods In this cross-sectional single-centre study including 305 hospitalized geriatric patients, handgrip strength (pneumatic hand dynamometer) and muscle quantity (body impedance analysis) were assessed. Probable sarcopenia was defined by low handgrip strength, and the diagnosis was confirmed when both handgrip strength and muscle quantity were below cut-off points. Furthermore, parameters of the geriatric baseline examination were analyzed for association with probable and confirmed sarcopenia using logistic regression models. Results Median age of the study population was 84.0 years, and 65.6% were female. The prevalence of probable sarcopenia was 24.6% (CI 19.8–29.4%), and the prevalence of confirmed sarcopenia was 22.6% (CI 17.9–27.3%). Low calf circumference, low body mass index, cognitive impairment and an increased risk of malnutrition were found to be associated with confirmed sarcopenia. In contrast, only cognitive impairment was positively associated with probable sarcopenia. Conclusions Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in geriatric inpatients, and multiple parameters were found to be associated with the disease. To reduce negative clinical outcomes, our findings support the need for routinely performed admission examinations for prompt diagnosis of sarcopenia, and a timely start of treatment in hospitalized geriatric patients.
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Stader F, Siccardi M, Battegay M, Kinvig H, Penny MA, Marzolini C. Repository Describing an Aging Population to Inform Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models Considering Anatomical, Physiological, and Biological Age-Dependent Changes. Clin Pharmacokinet 2020; 58:483-501. [PMID: 30128967 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-018-0709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is characterized by anatomical, physiological, and biological changes that can impact drug kinetics. The elderly are often excluded from clinical trials and knowledge about drug kinetics and drug-drug interaction magnitudes is sparse. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling can overcome this clinical limitation but detailed descriptions of the population characteristics are essential to adequately inform models. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop and verify a population database for aging Caucasians considering anatomical, physiological, and biological system parameters required to inform a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model that included population variability. METHODS A structured literature search was performed to analyze age-dependent changes of system parameters. All collated data were carefully analyzed, and descriptive mathematical equations were derived. RESULTS A total of 362 studies were found of which 318 studies were included in the analysis as they reported rich data for anthropometric parameters and specific organs (e.g., liver). Continuous functions could be derived for most system parameters describing a Caucasian population from 20 to 99 years of age with variability. Areas with sparse data were identified such as tissue composition, but knowledge gaps were filled with plausible qualified assumptions. The developed population was implemented in Matlab® and estimated system parameters from 1000 virtual individuals were in accordance with independent observed data showing the robustness of the developed population. CONCLUSIONS The developed repository for aging subjects provides a singular specific source for key system parameters needed for physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and can in turn be used to investigate drug kinetics and drug-drug interaction magnitudes in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Stader
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. .,Infectious Disease Modelling Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Marco Siccardi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Manuel Battegay
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Kinvig
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Melissa A Penny
- Infectious Disease Modelling Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catia Marzolini
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Nutritional Status is Associated With Severe Dementia and Mortality: The Cache County Dementia Progression Study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2019; 32:298-304. [PMID: 30188355 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies have reported faster cognitive/functional decline in persons with dementia (PWD) with malnutrition. We investigated whether baseline nutritional status predicted severe dementia and mortality in a population-based sample. PATIENTS A maximum of 300 PWD were assessed annually for up to 8.6 years. METHODS Nutritional status was assessed using a modified Mini-Nutritional Assessment (mMNA). Severe dementia was defined as: "severe" rating on the Clinical Dementia Rating or Mini-Mental State Examination score ≤10. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we examined the association between baseline mMNA score (or its subcomponents) with each outcome. Covariates included demographics; dementia onset age, type, and duration; APOE genotype; and residency with caregiver. RESULTS Compared with "well-nourished," "malnourished" PWD had 3-4 times the hazard of severe dementia [hazard ratio (HR), 4.31; P=0.014] and death (HR, 3.04; P<0.001). Those "at risk for malnutrition" had twice the hazard of severe dementia (HR, 1.98; P=0.064) and 1.5 times the hazard of death (HR, 1.46; P=0.015). mMNA subcomponents of food group intake, weight loss, body mass index, mobility, health status, protein consumption, and mid-arm circumference predicted one or both outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional status is an important predictor of clinical outcomes in dementia and may provide an avenue for intervention.
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25
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Godai K, Kabayama M, Saito K, Asayama K, Yamamoto K, Sugimoto K, Ohkubo T, Rakugi H, Kamide K. Validation of an automated home blood pressure measurement device in oldest-old populations. Hypertens Res 2019; 43:30-35. [PMID: 31534190 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0330-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite the wide use of automated devices for the self-measurement of home blood pressure (BP), no evidence is available regarding the accuracy of such devices in oldest-old populations. The aim of this study was to validate the accuracy of the automated oscillometric upper arm-cuff BP-monitoring device according to an international protocol in oldest-old individuals. In 35 participants aged over 85 years old, BP was measured on the same arm sequentially using a mercury sphygmomanometer (by two observers) and an Omron HEM-7080IC. The difference between the test device and observer measurements and associated factors were evaluated according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 81060-2:2013 protocol. A total of 105 pairs (three pairs per participant) of the test device and observer BP measurements were obtained. The mean (±standard deviation: SD) differences in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) between the methods were -0.7 ± 7.1 and -1.1 ± 4.5 mmHg, respectively, and those for each participant were -0.7 ± 5.8 mmHg for SBP and -1.1 ± 4.1 mmHg for DBP; the device therefore fulfilled the requirements of the ISO protocol. In the multivariate analysis with the linear mixed model, the difference was associated with the cuff size for SBP and pulse pressure for DBP. The Omron HEM-7080IC passed the ISO requirements for oldest-old individuals aged 85 years or older. This device can be recommended for clinical and self/home use in oldest-old populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Godai
- Division of Health Science, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Science, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Kei Asayama
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Sugimoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Division of Health Science, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. .,Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Bigler ED, Abildskov TJ, Eggleston B, Taylor BA, Tate DF, Petrie JA, Newsome MR, Scheibel RS, Levin H, Walker WC, Goodrich‐Hunsaker N, Tustison NJ, Stone JR, Mayer AR, Duncan TD, York GE, Wilde EA. Structural neuroimaging in mild traumatic brain injury: A chronic effects of neurotrauma consortium study. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2019; 28:e1781. [PMID: 31608535 PMCID: PMC6877164 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The chronic effects of neurotrauma consortium (CENC) observational study is a multisite investigation designed to examine the long-term longitudinal effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). All participants in this initial CENC cohort had a history of deployment in Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan), Operation Iraqi Freedom (Iraq), and/or their follow-on conflicts (Operation Freedom's Sentinel). All participants undergo extensive medical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging assessments and either meet criteria for any lifetime mTBI or not. These assessments are integrated into six CENC core studies-Biorepository, Biostatistics, Data and Study Management, Neuroimaging, and Neuropathology. METHODS The current study outlines the quantitative neuroimaging methods managed by the Neuroimaging Core using FreeSurfer automated software for image quantification. RESULTS At this writing, 319 participants from the CENC observational study have completed all baseline assessments including the imaging protocol and tertiary data quality assurance procedures. CONCLUSIONS/DISCUSSION The preliminary findings of this initial cohort are reported to describe how the Neuroimaging Core manages neuroimaging quantification for CENC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin D. Bigler
- Psychology Department and Neuroscience CenterBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
| | - Tracy J. Abildskov
- Psychology Department and Neuroscience CenterBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
| | - Barry Eggleston
- Biostatistics and EpidemiologyRTI InternationalDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - Brian A. Taylor
- Biomedical EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - David F. Tate
- Missouri Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of Missouri‐St. LouisSt. LouisMissouri
| | - Jo Ann Petrie
- Psychology Department and Neuroscience CenterBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtah
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
| | - Mary R. Newsome
- Michael DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
| | - Randall S. Scheibel
- Michael DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
| | - Harvey Levin
- Michael DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
| | - William C. Walker
- Biomedical EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
| | - Naomi Goodrich‐Hunsaker
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia
| | - Nicholas J. Tustison
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia
| | - James R. Stone
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia
| | - Andrew R. Mayer
- Neurology and Brain and Behavioral Health InstituteUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico
| | - Timothy D. Duncan
- Medical Imaging and RadiologyVA Portland Health Care SystemPortlandOregon
| | - Gerry E. York
- Alaska Radiology AssociatesTBI Imaging and ResearchAnchorageAlaska
| | - Elisabeth A. Wilde
- Michael DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtah
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Anthropometric variations in different BMI and adiposity levels among children, adolescents and young adults in Kolkata, India. J Biosoc Sci 2018; 51:603-618. [PMID: 30511611 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932018000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to analyse selected anthropometric features of children, adolescents and young adults from middle-class families in Kolkata, India, by BMI and adiposity categories. Standardized anthropometric measurements of 4194 individuals (1999 male and 2195 female) aged 7-21 were carried out between the years 2005 and 2011. The results were compared by BMI and adiposity categories. Statistical significance was assessed using two-way-ANOVA and linear regression analysis was performed. The study population could be differentiated in terms of BMI and adiposity categories for all examined anthropometric characteristics (p ≤ 0.001). After taking age into consideration, differences were observed for males in the case of body height and humerus breadth in BMI and adiposity categories, and for femur breadth in the case of adiposity categories. For females, differences were noted in body height measurements in BMI and adiposity categories, a sum of skinfold thicknesses in BMI categories, and upper-arm and calf circumferences in adiposity categories. The patterns of differences in the BMI categories were found to be similar to those in adiposity categories. The linear regression analysis results showed that there was a significant relationship between BMI and body fat ratio in the examined population. Underweight individuals, and those with low adiposity, were characterized by lower extremity circumferences and skeletal breadths. These features reached highest values in overweight/obese persons, characterized by high body fat. However, the differences observed between each BMI and adiposity category, in most cases, were only present in early childhood.
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Effect of monosodium L-glutamate (umami substance) on cognitive function in people with dementia. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:266-275. [PMID: 30349139 PMCID: PMC6365374 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0349-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background/objectives This study assessed the effect of continuous ingestion of monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) on cognitive function and dietary score in dementia patients. Subjects/methods This was a single-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 159 subjects with dementia residing in a hospital or nursing home. We assigned the subjects to a group that ingested MSG thrice daily (0.9 g/dose) (MSG group; n = 79) or a group that ingested NaCl thrice daily (0.26 g/dose) (Control group; n = 80). This study consisted of a 12-week intake period, followed by a 4-week follow-up period without the ingestion of MSG or NaCl. We performed physical examination, cognitive symptom tests (the Touch Panel-type Dementia Assessment Scale (TDAS) and Gottfries–Bråne–Steen Scale (GBSS)), palatability and behaviour questionnaires, and blood tests before and after the intervention and after the follow-up period. Results There were no significant differences in the TDAS and GBSS total scores between the groups before and after the intervention. However, regarding the TDAS sub-items, “the accuracy of the order of a process” did not deteriorate in the MSG group compared with that observed in the Control group (p < 0.05). At the follow-up assessment, the TDAS total scores in the MSG group showed significant improvement compared with those reported in the Control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a correlation of changes from pre-intervention to post-intervention between the TDAS and enjoyment of the meal (r = −0.299, p = 0.049). Conclusions Our results suggest that continued ingestion of MSG has an effect on cognitive function. Furthermore, the patients with improved questionnaires about palatability survey showed greater improvement in cognitive function.
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Kryst Ł, Woronkowicz A, Kowal M, Sobiecki J. Intergenerational changes in limb circumferences in children and adolescents aged 3-18 from Kraków (Poland) from 1983 to 2010. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 30:e23165. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kryst
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education; University of Physical Education in Kraków; Poland
| | - Agnieszka Woronkowicz
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education; University of Physical Education in Kraków; Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kowal
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education; University of Physical Education in Kraków; Poland
| | - Jan Sobiecki
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Physical Education; University of Physical Education in Kraków; Poland
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30
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Aouichaoui C, Tounsi M, Mrizak I, Tabka Z, Trabelsi Y. Reference values of vertical jumping performances and anthropometric characteristics in trained adolescents. Sci Sports 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sun YS, Kao TW, Chang YW, Fang WH, Wang CC, Wu LW, Yang HF, Liaw FY, Chen WL. Calf Circumference as a Novel Tool for Risk of Disability of the Elderly Population. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16359. [PMID: 29180622 PMCID: PMC5703943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Disability became increasingly common with age, and crude rates of disability were rising around the globe. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between calf circumference (CC) and disability in the U.S. elderly population. From the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 4,245 participants with an age range of 60-84 years were included. Disability was defined as the total number of difficulties within the following 5 major domains of disability, such as activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL, general physical activities, lower extremity mobility, and leisure and social activities. The association between CC and disability was investigated through the regression model adjusted for multiple covariates. According to the fully adjusted model regarding disability, the β coefficients for each quartile of increasing CC were -0.041 for quartile 2 (P = 0.096), -0.060 for quartile 3 (P = 0.027), and -0.073 for quartile 4 (P = 0.026) respectively, compared with lowest quartile. There was a negative association between CC and disability among the elderly population. Calf circumference may be a novel risk assessment for disability of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Sun
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Kao
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Wen Chang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Fang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Wang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Wu
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fang Yang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yih Liaw
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Jaroch A, Główczewska-Siedlecka E, Jaroch K, Kędziora-Kornatowska K. Application of Nutritional Risk Score-2002 Questionnaire and Other Nutritional Status Parameters Among Hospitalized Elderly. INT J GERONTOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Lee YS, Kim SD, Kang HJ, Kim SW, Shin IS, Yoon JS, Kim JM. Associations of Upper Arm and Thigh Circumferences with Dementia and Depression in Korean Elders. Psychiatry Investig 2017; 14:150-157. [PMID: 28326112 PMCID: PMC5355012 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2017.14.2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have reported an association between weight loss and cognitive impairment. Changes in anthropometric measurements, such as arm and thigh circumferences, are associated with body mass changes and physical activity. Our aim was to investigate the association of upper arm and thigh circumferences with dementia and depression in the community-dwelling elderly population. METHODS In total, 2,498 community residents aged 65 years or over were clinically assessed for dementia using the Korean version of the Community Screening Interview for Dementia. Depression was also assessed using the Korean version of the Geriatric Mental State Schedule B3. Arm and thigh circumferences were measured. Complex sample logistic regression was performed to evaluate associations of changes in anthropometric measurements with dementia/depression after controlling for other covariates. RESULTS In the adjusted analyses, there was an independent association between dementia and arm circumference (OR=1.12; 95% CI=1.06-1.19). This association was significant in the females (OR=1.12; 95% CI=1.05-1.19) but not in males (OR=1.07; 95% CI=0.93-1.28). The association between dementia and thigh circumference was not significant in the adjusted analysis (OR=1.03; 95% CI=0.99-1.07). No significant association was found between either upper arm or thigh circumference and depression. CONCLUSION In the older female Korean population, decreased upper arm circumference was associated with dementia and may represent a biological marker for this condition. This association may be explained by nutritional deficits or decreased physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Seong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Dae Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Seon Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sang Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Miquel-Cases A, Retèl VP, Lederer B, von Minckwitz G, Steuten LMG, van Harten WH. Exploratory Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Response-Guided Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Hormone Positive Breast Cancer Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154386. [PMID: 27124410 PMCID: PMC4849576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Guiding response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (guided-NACT) allows for an adaptative treatment approach likely to improve breast cancer survival. In this study, our primary aim is to explore the expected cost-effectiveness of guided-NACT using as a case study the first randomized controlled trial that demonstrated effectiveness (GeparTrio trial). MATERIALS AND METHODS As effectiveness was shown in hormone-receptor positive (HR+) early breast cancers (EBC), our decision model compared the health-economic outcomes of treating a cohort of such women with guided-NACT to conventional-NACT using clinical input data from the GeparTrio trial. The expected cost-effectiveness and the uncertainty around this estimate were estimated via probabilistic cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), from a Dutch societal perspective over a 5-year time-horizon. RESULTS Our exploratory CEA predicted that guided-NACT as proposed by the GeparTrio, costs additional €110, but results in 0.014 QALYs gained per patient. This scenario of guided-NACT was considered cost-effective at any willingness to pay per additional QALY. At the prevailing Dutch willingness to pay threshold (€80.000/QALY) cost-effectiveness was expected with 78% certainty. CONCLUSION This exploratory CEA indicated that guided-NACT (as proposed by the GeparTrio trial) is likely cost-effective in treating HR+ EBC women. While prospective validation of the GeparTrio findings is advisable from a clinical perspective, early CEAs can be used to prioritize further research from a broader health economic perspective, by identifying which parameters contribute most to current decision uncertainty. Furthermore, their use can be extended to explore the expected cost-effectiveness of alternative guided-NACT scenarios that combine the use of promising imaging techniques together with personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miquel-Cases
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valesca P. Retèl
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Lotte M. G. Steuten
- Hutchinson Institute for Cancer Outcomes Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Wim H. van Harten
- Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- University of Twente, Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Enschede, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Functional Performance and Associations between Performance Tests and Neurological Assessment Differ in Men and Women with Parkinson's Disease. Behav Neurol 2015; 2015:519801. [PMID: 26586928 PMCID: PMC4637440 DOI: 10.1155/2015/519801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological assessment of a patient with Parkinson's disease (PD) is expected to reflect upon functional performance. As women are known to report more limitations even for same observed functional performance level, present study was designed to examine whether associations between neurological assessments and functional performance differ across genders. METHODS 14 men and 14 women with PD participated. Functional performance was assessed by measuring walking speeds on 10-meter walk test (10MWT) and by performing timed-up-and-go-test (TUG). Neurological assessment included Hoehn and Yahr Scale (HY), Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale (S-E), and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). RESULTS In women with PD, Kendall's tau-b correlation analyses revealed significant correlations between functional performance tests and neurological assessment measures, with the exception in MMSE. No corresponding associations were found for men, although they demonstrated better functional performance, as expected. CONCLUSION Men in similar clinical stage of the PD perform better on functional tests than women. Disease severity reflects upon functional performance differently in men and women with PD. Results indicate that when interpreting the assessment results of both functional performance and neurological assessment tests, the gender of the patient should be taken into consideration.
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