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Jia LS, Liu Z, Zhu SH, Zhao QP, Han HY, Zhao HZ, Yu Y, Dong H. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of chicken DF-1 cells infected with Eimeria tenella, using tandem mass tag (TMT) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mass spectrometry. Parasite 2024; 31:23. [PMID: 38759153 PMCID: PMC11101204 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2024027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Eimeria tenella is an obligate intracellular parasite which causes great harm to the poultry breeding industry. Protein phosphorylation plays a vital role in host cell-E. tenella interactions. However, no comprehensive phosphoproteomic analyses of host cells at various phases of E. tenella infection have been published. In this study, quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of chicken embryo DF-1 fibroblasts that were uninfected (UI) or infected with E. tenella for 6 h (PI6, the early invasion phase) or 36 h (PI36, the trophozoite development phase) was conducted. A total of 10,122 phosphopeptides matched to 3,398 host cell phosphoproteins were identified and 13,437 phosphorylation sites were identified. Of these, 491, 1,253, and 275 differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins were identified in the PI6/UI, PI36/UI, and PI36/PI6 comparisons, respectively. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that E. tenella modulated host cell processes through phosphorylation, including focal adhesion, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and FoxO signaling to support its early invasion phase, and modulating adherens junctions and the ErbB signaling pathway to favor its trophozoite development. These results enrich the data on the interaction between E. tenella and host cells and facilitate a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host-parasite relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Shu Jia
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
| | - Shun-Hai Zhu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
| | - Qi-Ping Zhao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
| | - Hong-Yu Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
| | - Huan-Zhi Zhao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
| | - Yu Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Minhang Shanghai 200241 PR China
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Li Y, Zhong G, Li L, Li T, Li H, Li Y, Zhang H, Pan J, Hu L, Liao J, Yu W, Tang Z. MitomiR-1736-3p regulates copper-induced mitochondrial pathway apoptosis by inhibiting AATF in chicken hepatocytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167825. [PMID: 37839473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a toxic heavy metal pollutant. The hepatic toxicity of Cu has attracted widespread attention from researchers. However, its underlying mechanism remains elusive. Mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) are considered important factors in regulating mitochondrial and cellular functions, and their roles have been implicated in the mechanisms of metal toxicity. Therefore, this research revealed the changes in the mitomiRs expression profile of chicken liver after Cu exposure. It was ultimately determined that mitomiR-1736-3p can be involved in Cu-induced chicken liver damage by targeting AATF. In particular, our investigations have uncovered that exposure to Cu can trigger heightened levels of apoptosis in the hepatic tissue of chickens and primary chicken embryo hepatocytes (CEHs). It is noteworthy that we found upregulation of miR-1736-3p expression can exacerbate Cu-induced cell apoptosis, while inhibition of miR-1736-3p can effectively reduce apoptosis occurrence. Subsequently, we found that Cu-induced cell apoptosis could be restored by overexpressing AATF, while silencing AATF exacerbated the level of apoptosis. Fascinatingly, this change in apoptotic level is directly influenced by AATF on Bax and Bak1, rather than on p53 and Bcl-2. Overall, these findings suggest that the mitomiR-1736-3p/AATF axis mediates the mitochondrial pathway of cell apoptosis potentially involved in Cu-induced chicken liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Lei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Tingyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Huayu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Wenlan Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
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Mohd Jaafar F, Belhouchet M, Monsion B, Bell-Sakyi L, Mertens PPC, Attoui H. Orbivirus NS4 Proteins Play Multiple Roles to Dampen Cellular Responses. Viruses 2023; 15:1908. [PMID: 37766314 PMCID: PMC10535134 DOI: 10.3390/v15091908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-structural protein 4 (NS4) of insect-borne and tick-borne orbiviruses is encoded by genome segment 9, from a secondary open reading frame. Though a protein dispensable for bluetongue virus (BTV) replication, it has been shown to counter the interferon response in cells infected with BTV or African horse sickness virus. We further explored the functional role(s) of NS4 proteins of BTV and the tick-borne Great Island virus (GIV). We show that NS4 of BTV or GIV helps an E3L deletion mutant of vaccinia virus to replicate efficiently in interferon-treated cells, further confirming the role of NS4 as an interferon antagonist. Our results indicate that ectopically expressed NS4 of BTV localised with caspase 3 within the nucleus and was found in a protein complex with active caspase 3 in a pull-down assay. Previous studies have shown that pro-apoptotic caspases (including caspase 3) suppress type I interferon response by cleaving mediators involved in interferon signalling. Our data suggest that orbivirus NS4 plays a role in modulating the apoptotic process and/or regulating the interferon response in mammalian cells, thus acting as a virulence factor in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauziah Mohd Jaafar
- UMR1161 VIROLOGIE, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | - Mourad Belhouchet
- Division of Structural Biology, Henry Wellcome Building for Genomic Medicine, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK;
| | - Baptiste Monsion
- UMR1161 VIROLOGIE, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | - Lesley Bell-Sakyi
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK;
| | - Peter P. C. Mertens
- One Virology, The Wolfson Centre for Global Virus Research, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Houssam Attoui
- UMR1161 VIROLOGIE, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, ANSES, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
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Garaycoechea JI, Quinlan C, Luijsterburg MS. Pathological consequences of DNA damage in the kidney. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:229-243. [PMID: 36702905 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA lesions that evade repair can lead to mutations that drive the development of cancer, and cellular responses to DNA damage can trigger senescence and cell death, which are associated with ageing. In the kidney, DNA damage has been implicated in both acute and chronic kidney injury, and in renal cell carcinoma. The susceptibility of the kidney to chemotherapeutic agents that damage DNA is well established, but an unexpected link between kidney ciliopathies and the DNA damage response has also been reported. In addition, human genetic deficiencies in DNA repair have highlighted DNA crosslinks, DNA breaks and transcription-blocking damage as lesions that are particularly toxic to the kidney. Genetic tools in mice, as well as advances in kidney organoid and single-cell RNA sequencing technologies, have provided important insights into how specific kidney cell types respond to DNA damage. The emerging view is that in the kidney, DNA damage affects the local microenvironment by triggering a damage response and cell proliferation to replenish injured cells, as well as inducing systemic responses aimed at reducing exposure to genotoxic stress. The pathological consequences of DNA damage are therefore key to the nephrotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and the kidney phenotypes observed in human DNA repair-deficiency disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Catherine Quinlan
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Kidney Regeneration, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martijn S Luijsterburg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Sun SJ, Deng P, Peng CE, Ji HY, Mao LF, Peng LZ. Selenium-Modified Chitosan Induces HepG2 Cell Apoptosis and Differential Protein Analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:3335-3345. [PMID: 36465707 PMCID: PMC9716935 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s382546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chitosan is the product of the natural polysaccharide chitin removing part of the acetyl group, and exhibits various physiological and bioactive functions. Selenium modification has been proved to further enhance the chitosan bioactivities, and has been a hot topic recently. METHODS The present study aimed to investigate the potential inhibitory mechanism of selenium-modified chitosan (SMC) on HepG2 cells through MTT assays, morphological observation, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, mitochondrial membrane potential determination, cell-cycle detection, Western blotting, and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). RESULTS The results indicated that SMC can induce HepG2 cell apoptosis with the cell cycle arrested in the S and G2/M phases and gradual disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, reduce the expression of Bcl2, and improve the expression of Bax, cytochrome C, cleaved caspase 9, and cleaved caspase 3. Also, 2-DE results showed that tubulin α1 B chain, myosin regulatory light chain 12A, calmodulin, UPF0568 protein chromosome 14 open reading frame 166, and the cytochrome C oxidase subunit 5B of HepG2 cells were downregulated in HepG2 cells after SMC treatment. DISCUSSION These data suggested that HepG2 cells induced apoptosis after SMC treatment via blocking the cell cycle in the S and G2/M phases, which might be mediated through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. These results could be of benefit to future practical applications of SMC in the food and drug fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-E Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yu Ji
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Long-Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Zeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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The Oncogenic and Immunological Roles of Apoptosis Antagonistic Transcription Factors in Human Tumors: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3355365. [PMID: 36275893 PMCID: PMC9581705 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3355365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) participates in tumor progression in multiple cancer types. However, its role across cancers is not well understood. Methods Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) were used to analyze the multiomic roles of AATF in 33 tumor types, including gene and protein expression, survival prognosis, gene mutation, DNA methylation, protein phosphorylation, AATF coexpressed genes and their enrichment analysis, and immunological analysis. Results In TCGA and GTEx databases, 31 tumors and their corresponding normal tissues had AATF expression data, and it was differentially expressed in 29 of them. AATF was elevated in 27 tumors, decreased in 2 tumors, and was a risk factor for overall survival (OS) in 8 tumors and a risk factor for disease-free survival (DFS) in 4 tumors. AATF expression levels in various cancer types were significantly correlated with the infiltration levels of cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, CD4+ T cells, B cells, myeloid dendritic cells, eosinophils, and macrophages. The immune checkpoints PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA4 were positively correlated with AATF expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), kidney chromophobe (KICH), and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). Conclusion In cancer, AATF expression is generally higher than that in normal tissue, and it is also associated with immunomodulation-related genes. AATF may be a risk factor for poor prognosis across cancers.
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Tan S, Fu L, Dong Q. AATF is Overexpressed in Human Bladder Cancer and Regulates Chemo-Sensitivity Through Survivin. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 14:5493-5505. [PMID: 35002255 PMCID: PMC8721289 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s319734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Dysregulation of apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) has been reported to be closely associated with human cancers. However, its involvement in human bladder cancer (BC) remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and biological roles of AATF in human bladder cancers. Methods AATF protein expression was examined in 107 cases of bladder cancer tissues using immunohistochemistry. AATF plasmid transfection and small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown were performed in T24 and 5637 cell lines. CCK-8, colony formation, annexin V/PI, JC-1 staining, and Western blotting were carried out to investigate the biological roles and underlying mechanisms of AATF in bladder cancer cells. Results Our results showed that AATF expression was upregulated in human bladder cancer specimens and correlated with T stage. Analysis of the Oncomine database showed elevation of AATF mRNA in BC tissues. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data suggested that high AATF expression correlated with poor patient survival. Western blotting showed that AATF protein expression was higher in BC cell lines compared to normal bladder transitional epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1. CCK-8 and colony assays showed that ectopic AATF expression upregulated cell growth rate and colony numbers. CCK-8, annexin V/propidium iodide (PI), JC-1 assays and Western blotting showed that AATF overexpression decreased cisplatin sensitivity, downregulated cisplatin-induced apoptosis and upregulated mitochondrial membrane potential, with decreased cytochrome c and cleaved-PARP expression. AATF siRNA knockdown showed the opposite effects. Mechanistically, AATF overexpression upregulated cyclin E and Survivin at both mRNA and protein levels. The decreased cisplatin sensitivity/apoptosis induced by ectopic AATF were reversed after treatment with Survivin inhibitor YM155. Conclusion Our results showed that AATF was overexpressed in human bladder cancers and promoted malignant behavior by regulating cyclin E and Survivin, indicating AATF could serve as a malignant biomarker and potential therapeutic target in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutao Tan
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianze Dong
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University and Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Fu L, Jin Q, Dong Q, Li Q. AATF is Overexpressed in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Regulates STAT3/Survivin Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:5237-5248. [PMID: 34785906 PMCID: PMC8590461 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s333134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dysregulation of apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) has been implicated in several cancers. However, its involvement in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the expression pattern and biological roles of AATF in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of AATF protein in 119 cases of HNSCC samples. CCK-8, colony formation, Annexin V/PI staining, Western blotting and RNA-sequencing were carried out to examine the change of proliferation, apoptosis and potential underlying mechanisms. Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that AATF was elevated in HNSCC, and high AATF level correlated with higher stage. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Oncomine data showed upregulated AATF expression in HNSCC compared with normal tissues. TCGA data also suggested that high AATF expression correlated with poor patient survival. Ectopic AATF expression upregulated the cell growth and colony formation ability in both FaDu and Detroit 562 cell lines, while AATF siRNA decreased the cell proliferation rate and colony numbers. AATF overexpression also decreased cisplatin sensitivity, downregulated cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, AATF overexpression upregulated survivin, while AATF knockdown downregulated survivin. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggested that AATF knockdown decreased STAT3 signaling. Western blotting showed that AATF overexpression upregulated while AATF knockdown downregulated STAT3 phosphorylation. There was a positive correlation between AATF and survivin mRNA based on TCGA data analysis. Blockage of STAT3 signaling using inhibitor downregulated survivin expression and largely abolished the effects of AATF on survivin. Conclusion Our results showed that AATF was overexpressed in human HNSCC. AATF promoted cisplatin resistance and reduced apoptosis possibly through regulation of STAT3/survivin signaling. AATF could serve as a potential therapeutic target in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanxiu Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianze Dong
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchang Li
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Catena V, Bruno T, Iezzi S, Matteoni S, Salis A, Sorino C, Damonte G, Fanciulli M. CK2-mediated phosphorylation of Che-1/AATF is required for its pro-proliferative activity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:232. [PMID: 34266450 PMCID: PMC8281565 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Che-1/AATF (Che-1) is an RNA polymerase II binding protein involved in several cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis and response to stress. We have recently demonstrated that Che-1 is able to promote cell proliferation by sustaining global histone acetylation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells where it interacts with histone proteins and competes with HDAC class I members for binding. Methods Site-directed Mutagenesis was performed to generate a Che-1 mutant (Che-1 3S) lacking three serine residues (Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321) in 308–325 aa region. Western blot experiments were conducted to examine the effect of depletion or over-expression of Che-1 and Che-1 3S mutant on histone acetylation, in different human cancer cell lines. Proliferation assays were assessed to estimate the change in cells number when Che-1 was over-expressed or deleted. Immunoprecipitation assays were performed to evaluate Che-1/histone H3 interaction when Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 were removed. The involvement of CK2 kinase in Che-1 phosphorylation at these residues was analysed by in vitro kinase, 2D gel electrophoresis assays and mass spectrometry analysis. Results Here, we confirmed that Che-1 depletion reduces cell proliferation with a concomitant general histone deacetylation in several tumor cell lines. Furthermore, we provided evidence that CK2 protein kinase phosphorylates Che-1 at Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 and that these modifications are required for Che-1/histone H3 binding. These results improve our understanding onto the mechanisms by which Che-1 regulates histone acetylation and cell proliferation. Conclusions Che-1 phosphorylation at Ser316, Ser320 and Ser321 by CK2 promotes the interaction with histone H3 and represents an essential requirement for Che-1 pro-proliferative ability. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02038-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Catena
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Matteoni
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Salis
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Damonte
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Biochemistry Section, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Wang W, Ma YM, Jiang ZL, Gao ZW, Chen WG. Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor is involved in rat post-traumatic epilepsy pathogenesis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:290. [PMID: 33717233 PMCID: PMC7885077 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the pathogenesis behind post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). In the present study, a chloride ferric injection-induced rat PTE model was established. The expression levels of apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), cleaved caspase-3, p53, Bcl-2 and Bax were measured by western blotting or immunofluorescence staining (IF). The expression of AATF in vivo was downregulated by microinjection of lentiviral-mediated short-hairpin RNA. Compared with control and sham groups, at day 5 after PTE, neuron apoptosis was significantly increased and the expression levels of AATF, p53, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were significantly upregulated. In addition, IF revealed co-localization of AATF and cleaved caspase-3 in the cortex. Additionally, AATF was expressed mainly in neurons and astrocytes. Following AATF inhibition, the expression levels of p53 and cleaved caspase-3 were significantly reduced as compared with the control group. Taken together, these findings suggested that following PTE, AATF is involved in neuronal apoptosis and may serve as a potential target for its alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Min Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu 226002, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Lin Jiang
- Institute of Nautical Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Guan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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Srinivas AN, Suresh D, Mirshahi F, Santhekadur PK, Sanyal AJ, Kumar DP. Emerging roles of AATF: Checkpoint signaling and beyond. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3383-3395. [PMID: 33145763 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), an interacting partner of RNA polymerase II is a multifunctional protein that is highly conserved in eukaryotes. In addition to the regulation of gene expression as a transcriptional coactivator, AATF is shown to play a dual role in regulating the cell cycle by displacing histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1) from the retinoblastoma-E2F transcription factor (Rb-E2F) complex and also from the specificity protein 1 (Sp1) transcription factor responsible for p21 expression, thereby ensuring cell proliferation and growth arrest, respectively, at different checkpoints of the cell cycle. Notably, AATF has emerged as one of the most important modulators of various cellular responses such as proliferation, apoptosis, and survival. Studies have demonstrated that AATF protects cells from multiple stress stimuli such as DNA damage, ER stress, hypoxia, or glucose deprivation by inducing cell cycle arrest, autophagy, or apoptosis inhibition. Furthermore, AATF serves as a critical regulator in various cancers and promotes tumorigenesis by protecting cancer cells from apoptosis induction, favoring cell proliferation, or promoting cell survival by autophagy. Recent studies have demonstrated the key role of AATF in ribosome biosynthesis and have also provided insights into the mechanistic role of AATF, offering impressive cytoprotection in myocardial infarction, neurologic diseases, and nephronophthisis. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the role of AATF and shed light on its emerging roles underlining the potential use of AATF as a novel biomarker and as an effective therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshatha N Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Diwakar Suresh
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Faridoddin Mirshahi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of GastroenterologyHepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Prasanna K Santhekadur
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of GastroenterologyHepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Divya P Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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12
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Pouille CL, Jegou D, Dugardin C, Cudennec B, Ravallec R, Hance P, Rambaud C, Hilbert JL, Lucau-Danila A. Chicory root flour – A functional food with potential multiple health benefits evaluated in a mice model. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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13
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Grimaldi C, Schumacher I, Boquet-Pujadas A, Tarbashevich K, Vos BE, Bandemer J, Schick J, Aalto A, Olivo-Marin JC, Betz T, Raz E. E-cadherin focuses protrusion formation at the front of migrating cells by impeding actin flow. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5397. [PMID: 33106478 PMCID: PMC7588466 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of many cell types relies on the formation of actomyosin-dependent protrusions called blebs, but the mechanisms responsible for focusing this kind of protrusive activity to the cell front are largely unknown. Here, we employ zebrafish primordial germ cells (PGCs) as a model to study the role of cell-cell adhesion in bleb-driven single-cell migration in vivo. Utilizing a range of genetic, reverse genetic and mathematical tools, we define a previously unknown role for E-cadherin in confining bleb-type protrusions to the leading edge of the cell. We show that E-cadherin-mediated frictional forces impede the backwards flow of actomyosin-rich structures that define the domain where protrusions are preferentially generated. In this way, E-cadherin confines the bleb-forming region to a restricted area at the cell front and reinforces the front-rear axis of migrating cells. Accordingly, when E-cadherin activity is reduced, the bleb-forming area expands, thus compromising the directional persistence of the cells. The arrival of migratory cells at their targets relies on following precise routes within tissues. Here the authors demonstrate that the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin can control the path of cell migration by confining the site where bleb-type protrusions form within the cell front.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Grimaldi
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabel Schumacher
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Aleix Boquet-Pujadas
- Institut Pasteur, Bioimage Analysis Unit, 75105, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 3691, 75105, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Katsiaryna Tarbashevich
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Eduard Vos
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Bandemer
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Schick
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Anne Aalto
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Timo Betz
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Physics - Biophysics, Georg August Universität, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Erez Raz
- Institute of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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14
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Sorino C, Catena V, Bruno T, De Nicola F, Scalera S, Bossi G, Fabretti F, Mano M, De Smaele E, Fanciulli M, Iezzi S. Che-1/AATF binds to RNA polymerase I machinery and sustains ribosomal RNA gene transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5891-5906. [PMID: 32421830 PMCID: PMC7293028 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Originally identified as an RNA polymerase II interactor, Che-1/AATF (Che-1) has now been recognized as a multifunctional protein involved in cell-cycle regulation and cancer progression, as well as apoptosis inhibition and response to stress. This protein displays a peculiar nucleolar localization and it has recently been implicated in pre-rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. Here, we report the identification of a novel function of Che-1 in the regulation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, in both cancer and normal cells. We demonstrate that Che-1 interacts with RNA polymerase I and nucleolar upstream binding factor (UBF) and promotes RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. Furthermore, this protein binds to the rRNA gene (rDNA) promoter and modulates its epigenetic state by contrasting the recruitment of HDAC1. Che-1 downregulation affects RNA polymerase I and UBF recruitment on rDNA and leads to reducing rDNA promoter activity and 47S pre-rRNA production. Interestingly, Che-1 depletion induces abnormal nucleolar morphology associated with re-distribution of nucleolar proteins. Finally, we show that upon DNA damage Che-1 re-localizes from rDNA to TP53 gene promoter to induce cell-cycle arrest. This previously uncharacterized function of Che-1 confirms the important role of this protein in the regulation of ribosome biogenesis, cellular proliferation and response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sorino
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Catena
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Miguel Mano
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3060 197, Portugal
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
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15
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Kaiser RWJ, Erber J, Höpker K, Fabretti F, Müller RU. AATF/Che-1-An RNA Binding Protein at the Nexus of DNA Damage Response and Ribosome Biogenesis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:919. [PMID: 32587828 PMCID: PMC7298124 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex signaling network that is activated upon genotoxic stress. It determines cellular fate by either activating cell cycle arrest or initiating apoptosis and thereby ensures genomic stability. The Apoptosis Antagonizing Transcription Factor (AATF/Che-1), an RNA polymerase II-interacting transcription factor and known downstream target of major DDR kinases, affects DDR signaling by inhibiting p53-mediated transcription of pro-apoptotic genes and promoting cell cycle arrest through various pathways instead. Specifically, AATF was shown to inhibit p53 expression at the transcriptional level and repress its pro-apoptotic activity by direct binding to p53 protein and transactivation of anti-apoptotic genes. Solid and hematological tumors of various organs exploit this function by overexpressing AATF. Both copy number gains and high expression levels of AATF were associated with worse prognosis or relapse of malignant tumors. Recently, a number of studies have enabled insights into the molecular mechanisms by which AATF affects both DDR and proliferation. AATF was found to directly localize to sites of DNA damage upon laser ablation and interact with DNA repair proteins. In addition, depletion of AATF resulted in increased DNA damage and decrease of both proliferative activity and genotoxic tolerance. Interestingly, considering the role of ribosomal stress in the regulation of p53, more recent work established AATF as ribosomal RNA binding protein and enabled insights into its role as an important factor for rRNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. This Mini Review summarizes recent findings on AATF and its important role in the DDR, malignancy, and ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer W J Kaiser
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna Erber
- Department I of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Höpker
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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16
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AATF and SMARCA2 are associated with thyroid volume in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1754. [PMID: 32019955 PMCID: PMC7000742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid volume of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) patients varies in size over the course of disease and it may reflect changes in biological function of thyroid gland. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism predominantly have increased thyroid volume whereas patients with more pronounced hypothyroidism have smaller thyroid volumes. Suggested mechanism for thyroid atrophy is thyrocyte death due to apoptosis. We performed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of thyroid volume in two groups of HT patients, depending on levothyroxine (LT4) therapy, and then meta-analysed across. Study included 345 HT patients in total and 6 007 322 common autosomal genetic variants. Underlying hypothesis was that genetic components that are involved in regulation of thyroid volume display their effect in specific pathophysiologic conditions of thyroid gland of HT patients. We additionally performed immunohistochemical analysis using thyroid tissues and analysed differences in expression levels of identified proteins and apoptotic marker between HT patients and controls. We found genome-wide significant association of two loci, both involved in apoptosis, with thyroid volume of HT patients: rs7212416 inside apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor AATF (P = 8.95 × 10−9) and rs10738556 near chromatin-remodeling SMARCA2 (P = 2.83 × 10−8). In immunohistochemical analysis we observed that HT patients with homozygous AATF risk genotypes have decreased AATF expression (0.46-fold, P < 0.0001) and increased apoptosis (3.99-fold, P = 0.0001) in comparison to controls. HT patients with heterozygous SMARCA2 genotypes have decreased SMARCA2 expression, albeit without reaching statistical significance (1.07-fold, P = 0.5876), and significantly increased apoptosis (4.11-fold, P < 0.0001). By two lines of evidence we show that two highly plausible genetic loci, AATF and SMARCA2, may be involved in determining the thyroid volume of HT patients. The results of our study significantly add to the current knowledge of disturbed biological mechanisms in thyroid gland of HT patients.
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17
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Fratini E, Cervelli M, Mariottini P, Kanamori Y, Amendola R, Agostinelli E. Link between spermine oxidase and apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor: A new pathway in neuroblastoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1149-1156. [PMID: 31545418 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous extra‑cranial childhood type of cancer, responsible for approximately 15% of all paediatric cancer‑related deaths. Although several critical genetic aberrations have been related to NB, only a few established molecular markers have been associated with prognosis [V‑myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene (MYCN) locus amplification, deletions of part of chromosome 1p, 11q23 and gain of 17q]. Regrettably, direct evidence of NB‑related tumour suppressors or oncogenes has not been currently identified at these chromosomal regions. MYCN locus amplification is present in approximately 20‑30% of cases and is associated with a poor clinical outcome, representing the most important genetic prognostic marker. The functional guidelines for the prognosis of NB identify high‑risk patients (<40% survival probabilities), but fail to identify patients at low and intermediate stages of the disease, which remains an issue to be resolved in NB. It has been shown that in NB cell lines and in a total‑spermine oxidase (SMOX) transgenic mouse model, SMOX overexpression induces cellular stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance. In this study, we demonstrated that the high expression level of the cytoprotective gene, apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), was driven by SMOX gene overexpression in both NB cells and Total‑SMOX mice. The anti‑apoptotic effect of AATF was supported by analysing the inhibition of the expression of the pro‑apoptotic genes, BAX, BAK and PUMA, which were decreased, in both the in vitro and in vivo SMOX overexpressing model systems investigated. On the whole, this study supports the hypothesis that the SMOX gene can be considered as a novel anti‑apoptotic marker in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Fratini
- Department of Science, 'Roma Tre' University, I-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Science, 'Roma Tre' University, I-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Science, 'Roma Tre' University, I-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Yuta Kanamori
- Department of Biochemical Sciences 'A. Rossi Fanelli', 'La Sapienza' University, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Enzo Agostinelli
- International Polyamines Foundation - ONLUS, I-00159 Rome, Italy
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18
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Guo M, Sun D, Fan Z, Yuan Y, Shao M, Hou J, Zhu Y, Wei R, Zhu Y, Qian J, Li F, Yang Y, Gu C. Targeting MK2 Is a Novel Approach to Interfere in Multiple Myeloma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:722. [PMID: 31440466 PMCID: PMC6694709 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MAPKAPK2 (MK2), the direct substrate of p38 MAPK, has been well-acknowledged as an attractive drug target for cancer therapy. However, few studies have assessed the functions of it in multiple myeloma (MM). In the present study, MK2 expression of MM patients was analyzed by gene expression profiling (GEP) and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Several experiments in vitro including MTT assay, Western blot and flow cytometry analysis were performed to identify the function of MK2 in MM. In addition, we conducted mouse survival experiments to explain the effects of MK2 on MM in vivo. mRNA level of MK2 and chromosomal gain of MK2 locus in MM cells significantly increased compared to normal samples. Furthermore, MM patients with high expression of MK2 were associated with a poor outcome. Follow-up studies showed that MK2 exerted a remarkably positive effect on MM cell proliferation and drug-resistance. Further exploration focusing on MK2 inhibitor IV revealed its inhibitory action on MM growth and drug-resistance, as well as improving survival in mouse models. In addition, a combination of MK2 inhibitor IV and the key MM therapeutic agents including bortezomib, doxorubicin, or dexamethasone facilitated curative effects on inhibiting MM cell proliferation. Taken together, our study reveals the clinical relevance of MK2 inhibition in MM and demonstrates that targeting MK2 may afford a new therapeutic approach to MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Guo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhimin Fan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxia Yuan
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaomiao Shao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhao Hou
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongfang Wei
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Qian
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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19
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Lee C, Chang W, Chang Y, Yang J, Chang C, Hsu K, Chen Y, Liu T, Chen Y, Lin S, Wu Y, Chang J. Alternative splicing in human cancer cells is modulated by the amiloride derivative 3,5-diamino-6-chloro-N-(N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)carbamimidoyl)pyrazine-2-carboxide. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1744-1762. [PMID: 31152681 PMCID: PMC6670021 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is a process that enables the generation of multiple protein isoforms with different biological properties from a single mRNA. Cancer cells often use the maneuverability conferred by AS to produce proteins that contribute to growth and survival. In our previous studies, we identified that amiloride modulates AS in cancer cells. However, the effective concentration of amiloride required to modulate AS is too high for use in cancer treatment. In this study, we used computational algorithms to screen potential amiloride derivatives for their ability to regulate AS in cancer cells. We found that 3,5-diamino-6-chloro-N-(N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)carbamimidoyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide (BS008) can regulate AS of apoptotic gene transcripts, including HIPK3, SMAC, and BCL-X, at a lower concentration than amiloride. This splicing regulation involved various splicing factors, and it was accompanied by a change in the phosphorylation state of serine/arginine-rich proteins (SR proteins). RNA sequencing was performed to reveal that AS of many other apoptotic gene transcripts, such as AATF, ATM, AIFM1, NFKB1, and API5, was also modulated by BS008. In vivo experiments further indicated that treatment of tumor-bearing mice with BS008 resulted in a marked decrease in tumor size. BS008 also had inhibitory effects in vitro, either alone or in a synergistic combination with the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents sorafenib and nilotinib. BS008 enabled sorafenib dose reduction without compromising antitumor activity. These findings suggest that BS008 may possess therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien‐Chin Lee
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Hsin Chang
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Primary Care MedicineTaipei Medical University HospitalTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Center for Precision MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Jinn‐Moon Yang
- TIGP‐BioinformaticsInstitute of Information ScienceAcademia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems BiologyNational Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
- Department of Biological Science and TechnologyNational Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Shiang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Kai‐Cheng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug DiscoveryCollege of Medical Science and TechnologyTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Yun‐Ti Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems BiologyNational Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Ting‐Yuan Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Chia Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Shyr‐Yi Lin
- Department of Primary Care MedicineTaipei Medical University HospitalTaiwan
- Department of General MedicineSchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Yang‐Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural ProductsKaohsiung Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Research Center for Natural Products and Drug DevelopmentKaohsiung Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchKaohsiung Medical University HospitalTaiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Jan‐Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research CenterChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Primary Care MedicineTaipei Medical University HospitalTaiwan
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
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20
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Kaiser RWJ, Ignarski M, Van Nostrand EL, Frese CK, Jain M, Cukoski S, Heinen H, Schaechter M, Seufert L, Bunte K, Frommolt P, Keller P, Helm M, Bohl K, Höhne M, Schermer B, Benzing T, Höpker K, Dieterich C, Yeo GW, Müller RU, Fabretti F. A protein-RNA interaction atlas of the ribosome biogenesis factor AATF. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11071. [PMID: 31363146 PMCID: PMC6667500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AATF is a central regulator of the cellular outcome upon p53 activation, a finding that has primarily been attributed to its function as a transcription factor. Recent data showed that AATF is essential for ribosome biogenesis and plays a role in rRNA maturation. AATF has been implicated to fulfil this role through direct interaction with rRNA and was identified in several RNA-interactome capture experiments. Here, we provide a first comprehensive analysis of the RNA bound by AATF using CLIP-sequencing. Interestingly, this approach shows predominant binding of the 45S pre-ribosomal RNA precursor molecules. Furthermore, AATF binds to mRNAs encoding for ribosome biogenesis factors as well as snoRNAs. These findings are complemented by an in-depth analysis of the protein interactome of AATF containing a large set of proteins known to play a role in rRNA maturation with an emphasis on the protein-RNA-complexes known to be required for the generation of the small ribosomal subunit (SSU). In line with this finding, the binding sites of AATF within the 45S rRNA precursor localize in close proximity to the SSU cleavage sites. Consequently, our multilayer analysis of the protein-RNA interactome of AATF reveals this protein to be an important hub for protein and RNA interactions involved in ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer W J Kaiser
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Ignarski
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eric L Van Nostrand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christian K Frese
- Proteomics Core Facility, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manaswita Jain
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sadrija Cukoski
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Heide Heinen
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Melanie Schaechter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Seufert
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantin Bunte
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Frommolt
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Staudingerweg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Bohl
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Höhne
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katja Höpker
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine III, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
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Liu X, Cai S, Zhang C, Liu Z, Luo J, Xing B, Du X. Deacetylation of NAT10 by Sirt1 promotes the transition from rRNA biogenesis to autophagy upon energy stress. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:9601-9616. [PMID: 30165671 PMCID: PMC6182161 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anabolism and catabolism are tightly regulated according to the cellular energy supply. Upon energy stress, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) biogenesis is inhibited, and autophagy is induced. However, the mechanism linking rRNA biogenesis and autophagy is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the nucleolar protein NAT10 plays a role in the transition between rRNA biogenesis and autophagy. Under normal conditions, NAT10 is acetylated to activate rRNA biogenesis and inhibit autophagy induction. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that NAT10 binds to and acetylates the autophagy regulator Che-1 at K228 to suppress the Che-1-mediated transcriptional activation of downstream genes Redd1 and Deptor under adequate energy supply conditions. Upon energy stress, NAT10 is deacetylated by Sirt1, leading to suppression of NAT10-activated rRNA biogenesis. In addition, deacetylation of NAT10 abolishes the NAT10-mediated transcriptional repression of Che-1, leading to the release of autophagy inhibition. Collectively, we demonstrate that the acetylation status of NAT10 is important for the anabolism-catabolism transition in response to energy stress, providing a novel mechanism by which nucleolar proteins control rRNA synthesis and autophagy in response to the cellular energy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Shiying Cai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Baocai Xing
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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22
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Jain M, Kaiser RW, Bohl K, Hoehne M, Göbel H, Bartram MP, Habbig S, Müller RU, Fogo AB, Benzing T, Schermer B, Höpker K, Slaats GG. Inactivation of Apoptosis Antagonizing Transcription Factor in tubular epithelial cells induces accumulation of DNA damage and nephronophthisis. Kidney Int 2019; 95:846-858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Hafner A, Bulyk ML, Jambhekar A, Lahav G. The multiple mechanisms that regulate p53 activity and cell fate. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:199-210. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Kessler T, Sahm F, Sadik A, Stichel D, Hertenstein A, Reifenberger G, Zacher A, Sabel M, Tabatabai G, Steinbach J, Sure U, Krex D, Grosu AL, Bewerunge-Hudler M, Jones D, Pfister SM, Weller M, Opitz C, Bendszus M, von Deimling A, Platten M, Wick W. Molecular differences in IDH wildtype glioblastoma according to MGMT promoter methylation. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:367-379. [PMID: 29016808 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status is a predictive biomarker in glioblastoma. We investigated whether this marker furthermore defines a molecularly distinct tumor subtype with clinically different outcome. Methods We analyzed copy number variation (CNV) and methylation profiles of 1095 primary and 92 progressive isocitrate dehydrogenase wildtype glioblastomas, including paired samples from 49 patients. DNA mutation data from 182 glioblastoma samples of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and RNA expression from 107 TCGA and 55 Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas samples were analyzed. Results Among untreated glioblastomas, MGMT promoter methylated (mMGMT) and unmethylated (uMGMT) tumors did not show different CNV or specific gene mutations, but a higher mutation count in mMGMT tumors. We identified 3 methylation clusters. Cluster 1 showed the highest average methylation and was enriched for mMGMT tumors. Seventeen genes including gastrulation brain homeobox 2 (GBX2) were found to be hypermethylated and downregulated on the mRNA level in mMGMT tumors. In progressive glioblastomas, platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) and GLI2 amplifications were enriched in mMGMT tumors. Methylated MGMT tumors gain PDGFRA amplification of PDGFRA, whereas uMGMT tumors with amplified PDGFRA frequently lose this amplification upon progression. Glioblastoma patients surviving <6 months and with mMGMT harbored less frequent epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplifications, more frequent TP53 mutations, and a higher tumor necrosis factor-nuclear factor-kappaB (TNF-NFκB) pathway activation compared with patients surviving >12 months. Conclusions MGMT promoter methylation status does not define a molecularly distinct glioblastoma subpopulation among untreated tumors. Progressive mMGMT glioblastomas and mMGMT tumors of patients with short survival tend to have more unfavorable molecular profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kessler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Ahmed Sadik
- Brain Tumor Metabolism, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damian Stichel
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Anne Hertenstein
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela Zacher
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Sabel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- Interdisciplinary Division of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Vascular Neurology & Neurosurgery, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, DKTK, DKFZ partner site Tübingen.,Center for Personalized Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen.,Center for CNS Tumors at Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Steinbach
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sure
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Krex
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anca-L Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany, DKTK partner site Freiburg; and DKFZ Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - David Jones
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Haematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Opitz
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany.,Brain Tumor Metabolism, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, DKTK, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
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Yan T, Huang J, Nisar MF, Wan C, Huang W. The Beneficial Roles of SIRT1 in Drug-Induced Liver Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8506195. [PMID: 31354914 PMCID: PMC6636535 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8506195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of acute liver failure (ALF) as a result of accumulated drugs in the human body metabolized into toxic agents and helps generate heavy oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, which induces necrosis in hepatocytes and ultimately damages the liver. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is said to have multiple vital roles in cell proliferation, aging, and antistress systems of the human body. The levels of SIRT1 and its activation precisely modulate its critical role in the interaction between multiple step procedures of DILI. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell- (NF-κB-) mediated inflammation signaling pathway, reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress also contribute to aggravate DILI. Apoptosis is regarded as the terminal reaction followed by multiple signaling cascades including caspases, p53, and mitochondrial dysfunction which have been said to contribute in DILI. The SIRT1 activator is regarded as a potential candidate for DILI, because the former could inhibit signaling of p53, NF-κB, and ER stress. On the other hand, overexpression of SIRT1 also enhances the activation of antioxidant responses via Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1- (Keap1-) nuclear factor- (erythroid-derived 2-) like 2 (Nrf2) signaling. The current manuscript will highlight the mechanism of DILI and the interaction of SIRT1 with various cytoplasmic factors leading to DILI along with the summary of potent SIRT1 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingdong Yan
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinlong Huang
- 2The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Muhammad Farrukh Nisar
- 3Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- 4Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Post-Harvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- 2The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
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26
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Caforio M, Sorino C, Iacovelli S, Fanciulli M, Locatelli F, Folgiero V. Recent advances in searching c-Myc transcriptional cofactors during tumorigenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:239. [PMID: 30261904 PMCID: PMC6161371 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0912-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background The mechanism by which c-Myc exerts its oncogenic functions is not completely clear and different hypotheses are still under investigation. The knowledge of the capacity of c-Myc to bind exclusively E-box sequences determined the discrepancy between, on the one hand, genomic studies showing the binding of c-Myc to all active promoters and, on the other hand, the evidence that only 60% or less of the binding sites have E-box sequences. Main body In this review, we provide support to the hypothesis that the cooperation of c-Myc with transcriptional cofactors mediates c-Myc-induced cellular functions. We produce evidence that recently identified cofactors are involved in c-Myc control of survival mechanisms of cancer cells. Conclusion The identification of new c-Myc cofactors could favor the development of therapeutic strategies able to compensate the difficulty of targeting c-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Caforio
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Iacovelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00146, Rome, Italy.,Department of Pediatric Science, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Folgiero
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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27
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Che-1 inhibits oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced neuronal apoptosis associated with inhibition of the p53-mediated proapoptotic signaling pathway. Neuroreport 2018; 29:1193-1200. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Jing P, Zou J, Weng K, Peng P. The PI3K/AKT axis modulates AATF activity in Wilms' tumor cells. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1615-1623. [PMID: 30338213 PMCID: PMC6168685 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported excessive expression of apoptosis‐antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) in various tumors, where it reinforces the generation and development of cancers and is linked to the clinical outcome. Nevertheless, the expression and influence of AATF in Wilms’ tumor (WT) is largely unknown. Here, we discovered that AATF expression was markedly increased in WT tissues as compared to the surrounding normal tissues. Elevated levels of AATF expression were related to tumor relapse and pulmonary metastasis, congruent with it being a predictor of clinical outcome in people suffering from WT. Proliferation, invasion, and migration of WT cells were suppressed by knockdown of AATF and promoted by AATF overexpression in vitro. Furthermore, the tumor generation capability of WT cells noticeably decreased after knockout of AATF in vivo. The phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway modulated the activity of AATF in WT. The findings of our study indicate that AATF expression is increased in WT and can serve as a predictor of clinical outcome; in addition, it may enhance the development of WT via the PI3K/AKT axis and may be a promising marker for WT diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jing
- Department of Pediatric Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Northern Sichuan Medical College Nanchong China.,Department of Clinical Medicine North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong China
| | - Jiaqiong Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College Nanchong China
| | - Kegui Weng
- Chongqing Cancer Institute Chongqing Cancer Hospital Chongqing University Cancer Hospital China
| | - Pei Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory the People's Hospital of Hanchuan/Hanchuan Hospital of People's Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University China
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29
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Konidala KK, Bommu UD, Yeguvapalli S, Pabbaraju N. In silico insights into prediction and analysis of potential novel pyrrolopyridine analogs against human MAPKAPK-2: a new SAR-based hierarchical clustering approach. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:385. [PMID: 30148035 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we have focused on to elucidate potential bioactive pyrrolopyridine (PYP23) analogs against human mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 (MK-2). Here, in silico methods and computational systems biology tools were used as rational strategies to predict novel PYP23 analogs against the MK-2. Initially, crystal structure (PDB-ID: 2P3G) consists steriochemical conflicts were rectified by structure-optimization approaches using the Modeller program, and a new optimized-high resolution model was generated. The stereochemical qualities of the predicted MK-2 model were judged; these showed that the model was reliable for docking assessments. SAR-based bioactivity analysis showed that among the 197 datasets only 15 candidates contained bioactivity data and were accepted as probable MK-2 inhibitors. Virtual screening and docking strategies of dataset compounds against the ligand-binding domain of MK-2 recognized 13 composites containing high binding affinity than known compounds. Furthermore, the comparative structure clustering, in silico toxicogenomics and QSAR-based anticancer properties prediction approaches were successful in the recognition of five best potential compounds such as 60118340, 60118338, 60117736, 60118473 and 60118322, which have great anticancer and drug-likeness with non-toxicity class indices. Leu70, Glu139, Leu141, Glu145, Glu190, Thr206 and Asp207 were found to be novel hotspot residues prominently involved in H-bonds framing with ligands. Interestingly, they have shown better molecular similarity with known bioactive PYP inhibitors. Thus, predicted five compounds can useful as possible chemotherapeutic agents for MK-2 and show similar molecular actions like known PYP inhibitors. Overall, these streamlined new methods may have great potential to reveal possible ligands toward other molecular targets and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranthi Kumar Konidala
- 1Division of Molecular Physiology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517502 India
| | - Uma Devi Bommu
- 2Division of Cancer Informatics, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517502 India
| | - Suneetha Yeguvapalli
- 2Division of Cancer Informatics, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517502 India
| | - Neeraja Pabbaraju
- 1Division of Molecular Physiology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517502 India
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30
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Welcker D, Jain M, Khurshid S, Jokić M, Höhne M, Schmitt A, Frommolt P, Niessen CM, Spiro J, Persigehl T, Wittersheim M, Büttner R, Fanciulli M, Schermer B, Reinhardt HC, Benzing T, Höpker K. AATF suppresses apoptosis, promotes proliferation and is critical for Kras-driven lung cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:1503-1518. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Che1/AATF interacts with subunits of the histone acetyltransferase core module of SAGA complexes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189193. [PMID: 29232376 PMCID: PMC5726650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
General Control Non-derepressible 5 (GCN5) and Alteration/Deficiency in Activation 2 and 3 proteins (ADA2 and ADA3, respectively) are subunits of the Histone AcetylTransferase (HAT) module of SAGA- and ATAC-type co-activators. We previously reported four new interacting partners of human ADA3 identified by screening a human fetal brain cDNA library using yeast two hybrid technology. One of these partners was Apoptosis-Antagonizing Transcription Factor (AATF), also known as Che-1, an RNA polymerase II-binding protein with a number of roles in different cellular processes including regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, cell cycle control, DNA damage responses and apoptosis. Che-1/AATF is a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatments. In this study, we aimed to identify whether besides ADA3, other components of the HAT modules of SAGA and ATAC complexes, human ADA2 and GCN5 also interact with Che-1/AATF. Co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization experiments were used to demonstrate association of AATF both with two ADA2 isoforms, ADA2A and ADA2B and with GCN5 proteins in human cells and yeast two-hybrid assays to delineate domains in the ADA2 and GCN5 proteins required for these interactions. These findings provide new insights into the pathways regulated by ADA-containing protein complexes.
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Ghasemi S, Sadeghi H, Tahamoli Roudsari A, Basiri Z. The Effect of Combined Exercise on Bone Mineral Density of Premenopausal Females. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.21859/jech-03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Bruno T, Valerio M, Casadei L, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Pallocca M, Catena V, Iezzi S, Sorino C, Desantis A, Manetti C, Blandino G, Floridi A, Fanciulli M. Che-1 sustains hypoxic response of colorectal cancer cells by affecting Hif-1α stabilization. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:32. [PMID: 28214471 PMCID: PMC5316229 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0497-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Solid tumours are less oxygenated than normal tissues. Consequently, cancer cells acquire to be adapted to a hypoxic environment. The poor oxygenation of solid tumours is also a major indicator of an adverse cancer prognosis and leads to resistance to conventional anticancer treatments. We previously showed the involvement of Che-1/AATF (Che-1) in cancer cell survival under stress conditions. Herein we hypothesized that Che-1 plays a role in the response of cancer cells to hypoxia. Methods The human colon adenocarcinoma HCT116 and HT29 cell lines undepleted or depleted for Che-1 expression by siRNA, were treated under normoxic and hypoxic conditions to perform studies regarding the role of this protein in metabolic adaptation and cell proliferation. Che-1 expression was detected using western blot assays; cell metabolism was assessed by NMR spectroscopy and functional assays. Additional molecular studies were performed by RNA seq, qRT-PCR and ChIP analyses. Results Here we report that Che-1 expression is required for the adaptation of cells to hypoxia, playing an important role in metabolic modulation. Indeed, Che-1 depletion impacted on HIF-1α stabilization, thus downregulating the expression of several genes involved in the response to hypoxia and affecting glucose metabolism. Conclusions We show that Che-1 a novel player in the regulation of HIF-1α in response to hypoxia. Notably, we found that Che-1 is required for SIAH-2 expression, a member of E3 ubiquitin ligase family that is involved in the degradation of the hydroxylase PHD3, the master regulator of HIF-1α stability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0497-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bruno
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Luca Casadei
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- UOSD Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Catena
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Agata Desantis
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Cesare Manetti
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- UOSD Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Aristide Floridi
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Qian F, Deng J, Wang G, Ye RD, Christman JW. Pivotal Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Activated Protein Kinase 2 in Inflammatory Pulmonary Diseases. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2016; 17:332-42. [PMID: 26119506 DOI: 10.2174/1389203716666150629121324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein kinase (MK2) is exclusively regulated by p38 MAPK in vivo. Upon activation of p38 MAPK, MK2 binds with p38 MAPK, leading to phosphorylation of TTP, Hsp27, Akt, and Cdc25 that are involved in regulation of various essential cellular functions. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about molecular mechanisms of MK2 in regulation of TNF-α production, NADPH oxidase activation, neutrophil migration, and DNA-damage-induced cell cycle arrest which are involved in the molecular pathogenesis of acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, and non-small-cell lung cancer. Collectively current and emerging new information indicate that developing MK2 inhibitors and blocking MK2-mediated signal pathways are potential therapeutic strategies for treatment of inflammatory and fibrotic lung diseases and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Qian
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 201 Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | | | | | | - John W Christman
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 201 Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Zalcman G, Corbi N, Di Certo MG, Mattei E, Federman N, Romano A. Heterozygous Che-1 KO mice show deficiencies in object recognition memory persistence. Neurosci Lett 2016; 632:169-74. [PMID: 27589891 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation is a key process in the formation of long-term memories. Che-1 is a protein involved in the regulation of gene transcription that has recently been proved to bind the transcription factor NF-κB, which is known to be involved in many memory-related molecular events. This evidence prompted us to investigate the putative role of Che-1 in memory processes. For this study we newly generated a line of Che-1(+/-) heterozygous mice. Che-1 homozygous KO mouse is lethal during development, but Che-1(+/-) heterozygous mouse is normal in its general anatomical and physiological characteristics. We analyzed the behavioral characteristic and memory performance of Che-1(+/-) mice in two NF-κB dependent types of memory. We found that Che-1(+/-) mice show similar locomotor activity and thigmotactic behavior than wild type (WT) mice in an open field. In a similar way, no differences were found in anxiety-like behavior between Che-1(+/-) and WT mice in an elevated plus maze as well as in fear response in a contextual fear conditioning (CFC) and object exploration in a novel object recognition (NOR) task. No differences were found between WT and Che-1(+/-) mice performance in CFC training and when tested at 24h or 7days after training. Similar performance was found between groups in NOR task, both in training and 24h testing performance. However, we found that object recognition memory persistence at 7days was impaired in Che-1(+/-) heterozygous mice. This is the first evidence showing that Che-1 is involved in memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Zalcman
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicoletta Corbi
- CNR-IBPM, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Di Certo
- CNR-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology CNR, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattei
- CNR-Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology CNR, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Noel Federman
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arturo Romano
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Memoria, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE, UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Bammert L, Jonas S, Ungricht R, Kutay U. Human AATF/Che-1 forms a nucleolar protein complex with NGDN and NOL10 required for 40S ribosomal subunit synthesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9803-9820. [PMID: 27599843 PMCID: PMC5175352 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian AATF/Che-1 is essential for embryonic development, however, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. By immunoprecipitation of human AATF we discovered that AATF forms a salt-stable protein complex together with neuroguidin (NGDN) and NOL10, and demonstrate that the AATF-NGDN-NOL10 (ANN) complex functions in ribosome biogenesis. All three ANN complex members localize to nucleoli and display a mutual dependence with respect to protein stability. Mapping of protein-protein interaction domains revealed the importance of both the evolutionary conserved WD40 repeats in NOL10 and the UTP3/SAS10 domain in NGDN for complex formation. Functional analysis showed that the ANN complex supports nucleolar steps of 40S ribosomal subunit biosynthesis. All complex members were required for 18S rRNA maturation and their individual depletion affected the same nucleolar cleavage steps in the 5′ETS and ITS1 regions of the ribosomal RNA precursor. Collectively, we identified the ANN complex as a novel functional module supporting the nucleolar maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Our data help to explain the described role of AATF in cell proliferation during mouse development as well as its requirement for malignant tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bammert
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.,Molecular Life Sciences Ph.D. Program, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Jonas
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ulrike Kutay
- Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Fanciulli M. AATF: A new actor in the complex world of mTOR. Mol Cell Oncol 2016; 3:e1040946. [PMID: 27308559 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2015.1040946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Reflecting the pivotal role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the cell, a number of pathways, several of which exhibit changes in expression or activity in different cancers, tightly control its activation. We have recently demonstrated that antiapoptotic transcription factor (AATF) regulates mTOR in response to several kinds of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Fanciulli
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute ; Rome, Italy
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Bruno T, Iezzi S, Fanciulli M. Che-1/AATF: A Critical Cofactor for Both Wild-Type- and Mutant-p53 Proteins. Front Oncol 2016; 6:34. [PMID: 26913241 PMCID: PMC4753824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 protein is a key player in a wide range of protein networks that allow the state of “good health” of the cell. Not surprisingly, mutations of the TP53 gene are one of the most common alterations associated to cancer cells. Mutated forms of p53 (mtp53) not only lose the ability to protect the integrity of the genetic heritage of the cell but also acquire pro-oncogenic functions, behaving like dangerous accelerators of transformation and tumor progression. In recent years, many studies focused on investigating possible strategies aiming to counteract this mutant p53 “gain of function” but the results have not always been satisfactory. Che-1/AATF is a nuclear protein that binds to RNA polymerase II and plays a role in multiple fundamental processes, including control of transcription, cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, and apoptosis. Several studies showed Che-1/AATF as an important endogenous regulator of p53 expression and activity in a variety of biological processes. Notably, this same regulation was more recently observed also on mtp53. The depletion of Che-1/AATF strongly reduces the expression of mutant p53 in several tumors in vitro and in vivo, making the cells an easier target for chemotherapy treatments. In this mini review, we report an overview of Che-1/AATF functions and discuss a possible role of Che-1/AATF in cancer therapy, with particular regard to its action on p53/mtp53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Bruno
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
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Cytotoxic activity of the MK2 inhibitor CMPD1 in glioblastoma cells is independent of MK2. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15028. [PMID: 27551460 PMCID: PMC4979411 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) is a checkpoint kinase involved in the DNA damage response. MK2 inhibition enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents; however, whether MK2 inhibition alone, without concurrent chemotherapy, would attenuate survival of cancer cells has not been investigated. CMPD1 is a widely used non-ATP competitive inhibitor that prevents MK2 phosphorylation. We employed CMPD1 together with MK2 knock-down and ATP-competitive MK2 inhibitor III (MK2i) in a panel of glioblastoma cells to assess whether MK2 inhibition could induce cancer cell death. While CMPD1 was effective at selective killing of cancer cells, MK2i and MK2 knock-down had no effect on viability of glioblastoma cells. CMPD1 treatment induced a significant G2/M arrest but MK2i-treated cells were only minimally arrested at G1 phase. Intriguingly, at doses that were cytotoxic to glioblastoma cells, CMPD1 did not inhibit phosphorylation of MK2 and of its downstream substrate Hsp27. These results suggest that CMPD1 exhibits cytotoxic activity independently of MK2 inhibition. Indeed, we identified tubulin as a primary target of the CMPD1 cytotoxic activity. This study demonstrates how functional and mechanistic studies with appropriate selection of test compounds, combining genetic knock-down and pharmacological inhibition, coordinating timing and dose levels enabled us to uncover the primary target of an MK2 inhibitor commonly used in the research community. Tubulin is emerging as one of the most common non-kinase targets for kinase inhibitors and we propose that potential tubulin-targeting activity should be assessed in preclinical pharmacology studies of all novel kinase inhibitors.
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40
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Desantis A, Bruno T, Catena V, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Iezzi S, Sorino C, Gentileschi MP, Germoni S, Monteleone V, Pellegrino M, Kann M, De Meo PD, Pallocca M, Höpker K, Moretti F, Mattei E, Reinhardt HC, Floridi A, Passananti C, Benzing T, Blandino G, Fanciulli M. Che-1 modulates the decision between cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by its binding to p53. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1764. [PMID: 25996291 PMCID: PMC4669697 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is mainly involved in the transcriptional regulation of a large number of growth-arrest- and apoptosis-related genes. However, a clear understanding of which factor/s influences the choice between these two opposing p53-dependent outcomes remains largely elusive. We have previously described that in response to DNA damage, the RNA polymerase II-binding protein Che-1/AATF transcriptionally activates p53. Here, we show that Che-1 binds directly to p53. This interaction essentially occurs in the first hours of DNA damage, whereas it is lost when cells undergo apoptosis in response to posttranscriptional modifications. Moreover, Che-1 sits in a ternary complex with p53 and the oncosuppressor Brca1. Accordingly, our analysis of genome-wide chromatin occupancy by p53 revealed that p53/Che1 interaction results in preferential transactivation of growth arrest p53 target genes over its pro-apoptotic target genes. Notably, exposure of Che-1+/− mice to ionizing radiations resulted in enhanced apoptosis of thymocytes, compared with WT mice. These results confirm Che-1 as an important regulator of p53 activity and suggest Che-1 to be a promising yet attractive drug target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Desantis
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - T Bruno
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - V Catena
- 1] Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy [2] Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio Coppito 2, L'Aquila, 67100, Italy
| | - F De Nicola
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - F Goeman
- Oncogenomic Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - S Iezzi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - C Sorino
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M P Gentileschi
- SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - S Germoni
- SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - V Monteleone
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M Pellegrino
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M Kann
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - P D De Meo
- HPC CINECA, Via dei Tizii, 6, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - M Pallocca
- Oncogenomic Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - K Höpker
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Moretti
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - E Mattei
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - H C Reinhardt
- 1] Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany [2] Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Floridi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - C Passananti
- IBMN-CNR, Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University, Viale Regina Elena 291, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - T Benzing
- 1] Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany [2] Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany [3] Systems Biology of Aging, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - G Blandino
- Oncogenomic Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - M Fanciulli
- 1] Epigenetics Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy [2] SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
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41
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Iezzi S, Fanciulli M. Discovering Che-1/AATF: a new attractive target for cancer therapy. Front Genet 2015; 6:141. [PMID: 25914721 PMCID: PMC4392318 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional cofactor Che-1/AATF is currently emerging as an important component of the DNA damage response (DDR) machinery, the complex signaling network that maintains genome integrity and prevents tumorigenesis. Moreover this protein is involved in a wide range of cellular pathways, regulating proliferation and survival in both physiological and pathological conditions. Notably, some evidence indicates that dysregulation of Che-1/AATF levels are associated with the transformation process and elevated levels of Che-1/AATF are required for tumor cell survival. It is for these reasons that Che-1/AATF has been regarded as an attractive, still theoretical, therapeutic target for cancer treatments. In this review, we will provide an updated overview of Che-1/AATF activities, from transcriptional regulation to DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Iezzi
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome Italy
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Desantis A, Bruno T, Catena V, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Iezzi S, Sorino C, Ponzoni M, Bossi G, Federico V, La Rosa F, Ricciardi MR, Lesma E, De Meo PD, Castrignanò T, Petrucci MT, Pisani F, Chesi M, Bergsagel PL, Floridi A, Tonon G, Passananti C, Blandino G, Fanciulli M. Che-1-induced inhibition of mTOR pathway enables stress-induced autophagy. EMBO J 2015; 34:1214-30. [PMID: 25770584 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key protein kinase that regulates cell growth, metabolism, and autophagy to maintain cellular homeostasis. Its activity is inhibited by adverse conditions, including nutrient limitation, hypoxia, and DNA damage. In this study, we demonstrate that Che-1, a RNA polymerase II-binding protein activated by the DNA damage response, inhibits mTOR activity in response to stress conditions. We found that, under stress, Che-1 induces the expression of two important mTOR inhibitors, Redd1 and Deptor, and that this activity is required for sustaining stress-induced autophagy. Strikingly, Che-1 expression correlates with the progression of multiple myeloma and is required for cell growth and survival, a malignancy characterized by high autophagy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Desantis
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bruno
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Catena
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- Translational Oncogenomic Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Iezzi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Sorino
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Pathology and Myeloma Units, Molecular Oncology Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Federico
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca La Rosa
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ricciardi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Lesma
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Teresa Petrucci
- Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Hematology Laboratory, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Chesi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - P Leif Bergsagel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Aristide Floridi
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Molecular Oncology Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Passananti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR Department of Molecular Medicine "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomic Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Area Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Sharma S, Kaul D, Arora M, Malik D. Oncogenic nature of a novel mutant AATF and its interactome existing within human cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:326-33. [PMID: 25231211 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Since apoptosis presents a natural defense in cancer development, the anti-apoptotic factor AATF/Che-1 has emerged as a crucial 'Epigenomic-Switch'. We have tried to understand the double-edged nature of AATF, showing for the first time the conspicuous existence of an aberrant AATF/Che-1 transcriptome encoding for 23 kDa mutant AATF protein, which evolves its unique interactome within human cancer cells derived from different tissue origins. This mutant AATF along with its interactome consisting of SP1, DNMT3B and Par-4 ensures cancer cell DNA methylation required for down-regulation of tumor suppressor genes. Hence, the proposed mutant AATF interactome-based pathway can have the inherent ability to ensure human cells become and remain cancerous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaveta Sharma
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Molecular Biology Unit, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Liu H, Bao D, Xia X, Chau JFL, Li B. An unconventional role of BMP-Smad1 signaling in DNA damage response: a mechanism for tumor suppression. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:450-6. [PMID: 24142423 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The genome is under constant attack by self-produced reactive oxygen species and genotoxic reagents in the environment. Cells have evolved a DNA damage response (DDR) system to sense DNA damage, to halt cell cycle progression and repair the lesions, or to induce apoptosis if encountering irreparable damage. The best studied DDR pathways are the PIKK-p53 and PIKK-Chk1/2. Mutations in these genes encoding DDR molecules usually lead to genome instability and tumorigenesis. It is worth noting that there exist unconventional pathways that facilitate the canonical pathways or take over in the absence of the canonical pathways in DDR. This review will summarize on several unconventional pathways that participate in DDR with an emphasis on the BMP-Smad1 pathway, a known regulator of mouse development and bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Liu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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HIPK2 sustains apoptotic response by phosphorylating Che-1/AATF and promoting its degradation. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1414. [PMID: 25210797 PMCID: PMC4225224 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Che-1/AATF is an RNA polymerase II-binding protein that is involved in the regulation of gene transcription, which undergoes stabilization and accumulation in response to DNA damage. We have previously demonstrated that following apoptotic induction, Che-1 protein levels are downregulated through its interaction with the E3 ligase HDM2, which leads to Che-1 degradation by ubiquitylation. This interaction is mediated by Pin1, which determines a phosphorylation-dependent conformational change. Here we demonstrate that HIPK2, a proapoptotic kinase, is involved in Che-1 degradation. HIPK2 interacts with Che-1 and, upon genotoxic stress, phosphorylates it at specific residues. This event strongly increases HDM2/Che-1 interaction and degradation of Che-1 protein via ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal system. In agreement with these findings, we found that HIPK2 depletion strongly decreases Che-1 ubiquitylation and degradation. Notably, Che-1 overexpression strongly counteracts HIPK2-induced apoptosis. Our results establish Che-1 as a new HIPK2 target and confirm its important role in the cellular response to DNA damage.
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Jia H, Cong Q, Chua JFL, Liu H, Xia X, Zhang X, Lin J, Habib SL, Ao J, Zuo Q, Fu C, Li B. p57Kip2 is an unrecognized DNA damage response effector molecule that functions in tumor suppression and chemoresistance. Oncogene 2014; 34:3568-81. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Gurgis FMS, Ziaziaris W, Munoz L. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase–Activated Protein Kinase 2 in Neuroinflammation, Heat Shock Protein 27 Phosphorylation, and Cell Cycle: Role and Targeting. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 85:345-56. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.090365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Sorino C, Bruno T, Desantis A, Di Certo MG, Iezzi S, De Nicola F, Catena V, Floridi A, Chessa L, Passananti C, Cundari E, Fanciulli M. Centrosomal Che-1 protein is involved in the regulation of mitosis and DNA damage response by mediating pericentrin (PCNT)-dependent Chk1 protein localization. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23348-57. [PMID: 23798705 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.465302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To combat threats posed by DNA damage, cells have evolved mechanisms, collectively termed DNA damage response (DDR). These mechanisms detect DNA lesions, signal their presence, and promote their repair. Centrosomes integrate G2/M checkpoint control and repair signals in response to genotoxic stress, acting as an efficient control mechanism when G2/M checkpoint function fails and mitosis begins in the presence of damaged DNA. Che-1 is an RNA polymerase II-binding protein involved in the regulation of gene transcription, induction of cell proliferation, and DDR. Here we provide evidence that in addition to its nuclear localization, Che-1 localizes at interphase centrosomes, where it accumulates following DNA damage or spindle poisons. We show that Che-1 depletion generates supernumerary centrosomes, multinucleated cells, and multipolar spindle formation. Notably, Che-1 depletion abolishes the ability of Chk1 to bind pericentrin and to localize at centrosomes, which, in its turn, deregulates the activation of centrosomal cyclin B-Cdk1 and advances entry into mitosis. Our results reinforce the notion that Che-1 plays an important role in DDR and that its contribution seems to be relevant for the spindle assembly checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sorino
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Höpker K, Hagmann H, Khurshid S, Chen S, Schermer B, Benzing T, Reinhardt HC. Putting the brakes on p53-driven apoptosis. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:4122-8. [PMID: 22983126 DOI: 10.4161/cc.21997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Following genotoxic stress, cells activate a complex, kinase-based signaling network to arrest the cell cycle and initiate DNA repair or apoptosis. The tumor suppressor p53 lies at the heart of this DNA damage response. p53 mediates the transactivation of both cell cycle-regulating and pro-apoptotic clusters of target genes. However, it remains incompletely understood which signaling molecules dictate the choice between these two opposing p53-dependent cellular outcomes. Over recent years, numerous regulatory mechanisms impacting on the cellular outcome of p53 signaling have been described. However, no single dominant mechanism has thus far been identified to regulate the cellular choice between p53-driven apoptosis or senescence. The transcriptional regulator AATF has recently emerged as a novel factor impacting on the cellular outcome of the p53 response. Upon genotoxic stress, cytoplasmic pools of MRLC-bound AATF are phosphorylated through the p38MAPK/MK2 checkpoint kinase complex. This AATF phosphorylation results in the disruption of cytoplasmic MRLC3:AATF complexes followed by rapid nuclear localization of AATF. Once in the nucleus, AATF binds to the PUMA, BAX and BAK promoters to repress the DNA damage-induced expression of these pro-apoptotic p53 target genes. Depletion of AATF in tumor cells results in a dramatically enhanced response to DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, focal copy number gains at the AATF locus in neuroblastoma correlate with adverse prognosis and reduced overall survival in this typically p53-proficient malignancy. These data identify the p38/MK2/AATF signaling pathway as a critical repressor of p53-driven apoptosis in tumor cells and implicate this signaling cascade as a novel target for chemotherapy-sensitizing therapeutic efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Höpker
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 directs cells towards different fates depending on the cell type and the stimulus. The decision to direct a cell towards apoptosis rather than cell-cycle arrest or senescence has important implications for tumour suppression in normal cells and drug response in tumour cells. Cells that undergo senescence and growth arrest can persist and contribute to organismal ageing (Campisi, 2005), or they can contribute to tumour relapse (Jackson et al, 2012). In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Höpker et al (2012) show in a comprehensive study that the RNA PolII binding protein CHE1/AATF is a factor that determines the fate of cells that have activated the p53 pathway.
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