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Lanza M, Incagli F, Ceccato C, Reffo ME, Mercuriali E, Parmeggiani F, Pagliano E, Saletti V, Leonardi M, Suppiej A, Dollfus H, LeBreton D, Finger RP, Leroy BP, Zemaitiene R, Nowomiejska K, Guastafierro E. Quality of life, functioning and participation of children and adolescents with visual impairment: A scoping review. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 151:104772. [PMID: 38870675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vision has a key role in children's neuromotor, cognitive and social development. Children with visual impairment attain developmental milestones at later stages and are at higher risk of developing psychological disorders and social withdrawn. AIMS We performed a scoping review to summarize the mostly used instruments assessing the impact of visual impairment on quality of life, functioning and participation of children and adolescents. In addition, the main findings of the included studies are discussed. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We searched for papers assessing quality of life, functioning and participation of children and adolescents with visual impairment from 0 to 18 years old conducted between 2000 and 2023. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS In total, 69 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Child self-report, caregivers-proxy and self-report questionnaires as well as interviews were used. The results showed that quality of life, functioning and participation are significantly reduced in children and adolescents with visual impairment, and that the impact depends on different factors (e.g., severity of the impairment, age). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Considering the significant impact of visual impairment on quality of life, functioning and participation on this population, it is fundamental to develop integrated and multi-dimensional assessment programs that evaluate the impact of visual impairment on those dimensions considering different contexts of life (e.g., family, school, leisure time). WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS?: The present review aims to give an overview of what is known about the impact of visual impairment on quality of life, functioning and participation of children and adolescents. We assumed a biopsychosocial perspective which, in line with the definition of health by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO, 2001), considered how body functions and structures, functioning, participation and environmental factors dynamically interact to define the health, or the disease, status of a person at a certain moment of life. We reported the most used instruments for the assessment of quality of life, participation, and functioning, with a specific interest on Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and self-report measures. By reporting the different instruments used, we gave a broad overview about the available tools that can be used in clinical as well as in research field to assess quality of life, functioning and participation in this population. Additionally, the review of the existing literature allowed us to demonstrate that those dimensions are negatively impacted by visual impairment and thus they should be considered in the assessment programs. Specifically, there is the need to provide more integrated assessment programs that investigate the impact of visual impairment on children and adolescents' social and emotional wellbeing, everyday functioning and social relationship, considering their subjective experience together with the one of caregivers, teachers, health care professionals, and other relevant adults involved in their life. Additionally, it is essential to plan and implement multidimensional assessment programs that consider how all areas of life are differently impacted by visual impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lanza
- SC Neurologia, Salute Pubblica, Disabilità, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Incagli
- SC Neurologia, Salute Pubblica, Disabilità, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy.
| | - Chiara Ceccato
- Robert Hollman Foundation, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Parmeggiani
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; ERN-EYE Network - Center for Retinitis Pigmentosa of Veneto Region, Camposampiero Hospital, Azienda ULSS 6 Euganea, Padova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pagliano
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Veronica Saletti
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Matilde Leonardi
- SC Neurologia, Salute Pubblica, Disabilità, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Agnese Suppiej
- Robert Hollman Foundation, Padova, Italy; Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; ERN-EYE Network - Center for Retinitis Pigmentosa of Veneto Region, Camposampiero Hospital, Azienda ULSS 6 Euganea, Padova, Italy
| | - Hélène Dollfus
- Centre de référence pour les affections rares ophtalmologiques CARGO, FSMR SENSGENE, ERN-EYE, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - David LeBreton
- Institute for Advanced study (USIAS), University of Strasburg, France
| | - Robert P Finger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bart Peter Leroy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Reda Zemaitiene
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Katarzyna Nowomiejska
- Chair and Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Erika Guastafierro
- SC Neurologia, Salute Pubblica, Disabilità, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
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Stingl JV, Ortolano LC, Azuara-Blanco A, Hoffmann EM. Systematic Review of Instruments for the Assessment of Patient-Reported Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients with Childhood Glaucoma. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2024; 7:391-400. [PMID: 38423388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
TOPIC To identify patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) that have been used in children and adolescents with glaucoma and to evaluate their methodologic quality. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Childhood glaucoma impairs vision and quality of life (QoL) throughout all stages of life. Thus, a PROM needs to cover many different age groups and topics. Various instruments have been used to evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with childhood glaucoma, however, it is unclear which PROM has the highest methodologic quality and complies best with the needs of patients with childhood glaucoma. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed searching MEDLINE (PubMed), the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsycINFO (EBSCO). We included peer-reviewed full-text articles of the past 10 years in English, German, or Spanish language that reported PROMs in children with glaucoma. The study selection and methodologic quality assessment of the identified PROMs was performed by 2 independent reviewers using a 7-point checklist. The content was mapped onto the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The systematic review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42022353936). RESULTS The search strategy retrieved 3295 matches. A total of 2901 studies were screened, and 11 relevant articles were identified using 10 different instruments. The instruments addressed functional visual ability, vision-related QoL, health-related QoL, and life satisfaction. Six instruments were applicable for the use in children. Seven of the questionnaires received the highest number of positive ratings (5/7). None of the instruments considered the views of patients with childhood glaucoma during their development. CONCLUSION This systematic review provides a descriptive catalog of vision-specific and generic health PRO instruments that have been used in childhood glaucoma cohorts. An instrument specifically developed for childhood glaucoma is lacking which might result in missing important factors, such as permanent treatment with eye drops, repeated surgeries, and heritability of the disease, when investigating the QoL in children with glaucoma. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia V Stingl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lorena Cascant Ortolano
- Departmental Library, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Esther M Hoffmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Aremu OO, Ugalahi MO, Olusanya BA, Oluleye TS. Functional Vision of Pseudophakic Children Attending a Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic in Southwest Nigeria. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2024; 61:138-146. [PMID: 37882184 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20231005-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the functional vision of pseudophakic children attending a child eye health tertiary facility in southwest Nigeria. METHODS A hospital-based descriptive study of pseudophakic children attending the Pediatric Ophthalmology outpatient clinic of a tertiary facility in southwest Nigeria was conducted between June and November 2021. Details of demography and clinical examination findings were obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire. Information about functional vision was obtained using the Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ). Data obtained from the PedEyeQ were entered into a Rasch-calibrated PedEyeQ Excel response data sheet. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22 (SPSS, Inc). RESULTS A total of 196 pseudophakic children were recruited. Their ages ranged from 2 to 16 years with a mean of 9.8 ± 3.4 years and there was a male-to-female ratio of 2.2:1. The median functional vision score of pseudophakic children across all age groups was 90.0. The functional vision scores were associated with the laterality of cataract, type of cataract, presence of comorbidities, visual acuity (distance and near) in the better eye, and number of surgeries. CONCLUSIONS The functional vision scores of pseudophakic children were low. Significant predictors of low functional vision scores include surgery for congenital cataract, low average family income, longer duration of time between surgery and recruitment into the study, and poorer best corrected visual acuity in the better eye. The routine assessment of functional vision should be considered an important aspect of pseudophakic children's eye care with a view toward optimizing psychological and social well-being. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2024;61(2):138-146.].
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McLaughlin DE, Semrov A, Munshi H, Patel AJ, Rahi J, Grajewski AL. The impact of childhood glaucoma on psychosocial functioning and quality of life: a review of the literature. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:3157-3173. [PMID: 36949247 PMCID: PMC10032631 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a novel comprehensive literature review of studies of the psychosocial functioning (PF) and quality of life (QoL) of patients with childhood glaucoma and their caregivers. Our findings demonstrate variable study quality and approach, as well as inconsistent results relating to the association of glaucoma-specific factors and sociodemographic variables with measured PF and QoL. Future studies should focus on the development of culturally cognizant and standardized assessment tools, execution of multi-center longitudinal studies with global representation, evaluation of PF and QoL among siblings and childhood glaucoma providers, and implementation of interventions to improve patient and caregiver PF and QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E McLaughlin
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ana Semrov
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Ulverscroft Vision Research Group UCL, London, UK
| | - Hounsh Munshi
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Annika J Patel
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jugnoo Rahi
- Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Ulverscroft Vision Research Group UCL, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation, London, UK
- Institute of Ophthalmology UCL, London, UK
| | - Alana L Grajewski
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Wan W, Chen Z, Xun Y, Yi K, Zhu Y, Pu Y, Su G, Zhou C, Wang Y, Yang P. Comprehensive evaluation of functional vision, quality of life, and cognitive ability in pediatric uveitis. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:381. [PMID: 37723468 PMCID: PMC10507833 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric uveitis may cause severe impairment of vision in children and affect their quality of life as well as cognitive ability. This study aims to evaluate the functional vision, visual-related and health-related quality of life, and cognitive ability in pediatric uveitis. METHODS Children with uveitis aged 5-16 years old completed six validated instruments to assess functional visual ability with Cardiff Visual Ability Questionnaire for Children (CVAQC), vision-related quality of life with Impact of Vision Impairment for Children (IVI-C), health-related quality of life with Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), cognitive ability with Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WISC), and depression and anxiety evaluation with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). RESULTS The CVAQC, IVI-C, and PedsQL scores of pediatric uveitis were significantly lower than that of normal levels. Full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) and performance IQ were significantly lower in pediatric uveitis patients with impaired vision in their best eye (visual acuity < 0.3) compared to those with a vision equal to or better than 0.3. Verbal IQ was significantly lower in male pediatric uveitis patients with impaired vision compared to those with a vision equal to or better than 0.3. Additionally, parents of pediatric uveitis patients with impaired vision generally had lower educational levels than parents of those with a vision equal to or better than 0.3. CONCLUSIONS Impaired vision caused by pediatric uveitis has a significant impact on children's functional visual ability and quality of life. The development of cognitive function in pediatric uveitis is also significantly hindered.
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Grants
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- CSTC, 2008CA5003 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- cstc2014pt-sy10002 Chongqing Science & Technology Platform and Base Construction Program
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0010 Key Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81970832 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0967 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2019 Chongqing Outstanding Scientists Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
- 2018 the Chongqing Chief Medical Scientist Project
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Kun Yi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Pu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Chunjiang Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Youyi Road 1, 400016, Chongqing, P.R. China.
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Al-Bakri M, Skovgaard AM, Bach-Holm D, Larsen DA, Siersma V, Kessel L. School performances in children with cataract: results from a population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072984. [PMID: 37532485 PMCID: PMC10401207 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childhood cataract is a chronic condition that may interfere with the child's learning capacities. We aimed to investigate whether childhood cataract influences academic development by comparing school performance in reading and mathematics in children with cataract to a matched control group. DESIGN Nationwide registry-based cohort study. SETTINGS Two surgical centres that perform all treatments for childhood cataract in Denmark. PARTICIPANTS Children born between 2000 and 2009 diagnosed with cataract before 10 years of age (n=275) and an age-matched and sex-matched control group (n=2473). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES School performance was assessed as test scores in national tests performed at regular intervals from grade 2 to grade 8 in reading and mathematics. Analyses were corrected for birth origin, child somatic and mental disorder and parental socioeconomic status and mental disorders. RESULTS Of 275 children, 85 (30.9%) were operated for bilateral cataract, 79 (28.7%) unilateral cataract and 111 (40,4%) were not operated. We found that children with cataract have lower participation rate in the tests (62.5%) compared with the control cohort (77.2%) (p value=0.0001). After adjusting the pooled analyses for birth origin, somatic and mental disease in the child and parental socioeconomic status and mental disorders, we found that the children with cataract scored significantly lower in mathematics compared with those without cataract (mean difference=-4.78, 95% CI: -8.18 to -1.38, p value=0.006), whereas no difference was found regarding scores in reading (p=0.576). The lower score in mathematics was driven by children who had been operated for bilateral cataract (p-value=0.004). CONCLUSION Children with cataract without somatic or neurodevelopmental comorbidities or psychosocial adversities seem to do well in school, whereas children operated for bilateral cataract have higher frequencies of difficulties in mathematical tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moug Al-Bakri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anne Mette Skovgaard
- National Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Daniella Bach-Holm
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Volkert Siersma
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Line Kessel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ghasemi Fard F, Mirzaie H, Hosseini SA, Riazi A, Ebadi A. Vision-related tasks in children with visual impairment: a multi-method study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1180669. [PMID: 37519380 PMCID: PMC10374319 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1180669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Functional Vision (FV) is vital for the successful growth of children with visual impairment. However, tasks related to measuring FV have not been thoroughly studied for this population. To address this gap, this study seeks to establish a comprehensive set of vision-related tasks that consider both the difficulty levels of activities and the ages of children with visual impairment. Methods This study utilized a sequential multi-method design, including a scoping review, a qualitative content analysis, and a focus group. Firstly, a scoping review was conducted to identify vision-related tasks based on the literature. Then, to contextualize the vision-related tasks, a qualitative content analysis was carried out. Subsequently, a focus group was conducted to categorize the identified tasks based on their difficulty levels and the children's level of dependency. We utilized the directed content analysis method to analyze the data, using the occupational domain of the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework 4th edition (OTPF-4) as the primary framework. Results During the review phase, which included 22 studies, and the interview phase, which involved 16 participants, a total of 95 and 85 vision-related tasks were identified, respectively. These tasks were then categorized into 17 activities and five occupations, which included activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), education, play, and participation in social activities. Among these occupations, ADL was the easiest, while participation in social activities was the most challenging. Finally, the tasks were arranged based on their difficulty level for children with visual impairment. Conclusion A comprehensive list of vision-related tasks has been developed based on the difficulty level of the tasks and the degree of dependency of children with visual impairment. This list can be used to develop standardized instruments for assessing FV in children with visual impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghasemi Fard
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooshang Mirzaie
- Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Riazi
- Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life style institute, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li Y, Yang L. Clinical manifestations and vision-related quality of life in pediatric uveitis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:2162-2167. [PMID: 37202942 PMCID: PMC10391409 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2648_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze clinical manifestations, visual ability, and quality of life in pediatric uveitis and to explore factors affecting visual ability and quality of life. Methods This cross-sectional study included 40 patients with pediatric uveitis in the database of Ophthalmology of Peking University First Hospital. All patients completed the Cardiff visual ability questionnaire for children (CVAQC) and pediatric quality of life inventory measurement models (PedsQL4.0). Results A total of 40 cases (68 eyes) with pediatric uveitis were included in this study. Better visual acuity in the better eye was predictive of lower CVAQC, education, and distance vision scores. Better visual acuity in the worse eye was predictive of a lower CVAQC score and distance vision. Better CVAQC scores were predictive of lower PedsQL4.0, physical health, psychosocial health, and school functioning scores. Conclusion Patients with pediatric uveitis tend to be seriously affected by ocular complications. The visual ability of patients with pediatric uveitis decreases significantly. Better visual acuity in the better eye is associated with better total visual ability, education, and distance vision. Better visual acuity in the worse eye is associated with better total visual ability and distance vision. Health-related quality of life is related to vision ability in pediatric uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Alipour F, Kooshki AM, Norouzi E, Madani H, Shahvari Z. We have Neglected "Ourselves"; A Qualitative Study on Iranian Parents of Children with Aphakia. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:208-213. [PMID: 37332380 PMCID: PMC10275466 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_320_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Contact lenses play a substantial role in the management of childhood aphakia. However, the use and care of the lenses can be challenging. Despite its prevalence, the phenomenon of living with children with aphakia is not explained in Iran yet. The aim of this study was to illuminate the lived experience of the parents of children with aphakia. Materials and Methods This hermeneutic phenomenological study was conducted on the parents who have been referred to Farabi Eye Hospital of Tehran, Iran in 2019, whose children were diagnosed with aphakia, and the condition was corrected with contact lenses. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 parents of children with congenital cataract. Analysis was based on the framework of Diekelmann enabled data interpretation and elaboration of shared themes. Results The 20 parents involved in the study consisted of 12 women and 8 men. The participant's experiences were classified in 4 categories: Self-Ignorance, Troubled mind, Self-Regulation, and Coping with the problem while hoping for the future. Conclusions "Self-Ignorance" and "Troubled Mind" indicates that because of the risk of burnout in the long-term process of treatment, the psychological support of parents is necessary. Psychological support will continue until the parents acquire the ability of self-regulation. Giving a realistic hope to families is a core element in psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Alipour
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Gachsaran, Iran
| | | | - Elahe Norouzi
- Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rasoul-e-Akram Medical Center, Gachsaran, Iran
| | - Hila Madani
- Psychologist, D 1666 Ventura Blvd., Suite 520 Encino, CA 91 436, Gachsaran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahvari
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
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10
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Clinical Congenital Anophthalmos and Microphthalmos-Experiences of Patients and Their Parents after More than 10 Years of Treatment. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010034. [PMID: 36670585 PMCID: PMC9856451 DOI: 10.3390/children10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Congenital clinical anophthalmos and blind microphthalmos describe the absence of an eye or the presence of a small eye in the orbit. Between 1999 and 2013, 97 children with anophthalmos or microphthalmos were treated with self-inflating, hydrophilic gel expanders at the Rostock Eye Clinic. More than a decade later, this study investigated the perspective of patients and parents regarding the treatment, the surgical outcome, and the emotional and social well-being of the patients. A total of 22 families with 16 patients sighted in the other eye and six patients blind in both eyes participated. Questionnaires were developed, including items on physical, emotional, social, and medical aspects. The patients felt emotionally stable and integrated into their social environment, with no major limitations reported by the majority. These statements were confirmed by most of the parents. Parents (67%) indicated that the success of the operation was already apparent after the first intervention and that the current situation did not play a role in the patients' social environment. The study provided new insights into the therapy results, the postoperative care, and the social and emotional stability of the prosthesis-wearing patients, indicating the chosen expander methods as promising in terms of positive postoperative care.
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Grumi S, Morelli F, Mascherpa E, Decortes F, Luparia A, Provenzi L, Signorini S. Patient- and parent-reported outcome measures of developmental adaptive abilities in visually impaired children: The Visual Impairment Developmental Autonomy (VIDA) scale. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 131:104331. [PMID: 36174376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the pediatric context, parents' and patients' engagement in the care process is strongly recommended and could be pursued using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), which therefore become useful for planning and monitoring treatments. Nevertheless, few data are available from families of children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as visual impairment (VI). The Visual Impairment Developmental Autonomy (VIDA) project aims to develop and validate a patient- and parent-reported tool to measure the most relevant aspects concerning everyday adaptive abilities in children and adolescents with visual impairment: the VIDA scale. The present paper illustrates the Delphi process of item generation engaging parents and patients and presents a protocol for the validation of this new co-designed tool in an Italian visually impaired pediatric population. Twenty-three families and five adolescents provided a list of 192 items and assessed their relevance. Items were categorized in 5 areas of adaptive abilities (i.e., table manners, clothing, personal hygiene, orientation and mobility, and socio-affectivity) and into three age ranges based on the patient's age. The final 102-item Vida Scale will be administered to a minimum of 300 visually impaired children together with measures of quality of life and child adjustment to investigate its psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Grumi
- Developmental Psychobiology Lab, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Morelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mascherpa
- Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Decortes
- Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Luparia
- Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Livio Provenzi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Developmental Psychobiology Lab, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Signorini
- Developmental Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Eckmann‐Hansen C, Bek T, Sander B, Larsen M. Vision-related quality of life and visual ability in patients with autosomal dominant optic atrophy. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:797-804. [PMID: 35146926 PMCID: PMC9790332 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to evaluate vision-related quality of life and visual ability in patients with OPA1 autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA). METHODS This cross-sectional, observational study included 145 participants with a mutation in the OPA1 gene associated with ADOA, 63 mutation-free first-degree relatives and 92 healthy subjects unrelated to the families. Participants underwent a clinical eye examination, and adult participants completed the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-39), while children completed the Cardiff Visual Ability Questionnaire for Children (CVAQC). RESULTS In adults with ADOA, both mean visual acuity (VA) and mean contrast sensitivity (CS) were significantly inferior to both first-degree relatives and unrelated controls (p < 0.001). In children with ADOA, mean VA was significantly lower compared with first-degree relatives (p = 0.0052), whereas CS was not (0.127). Adults with ADOA scored lower than both comparator groups on composite score (p < 0.001), general health subscale (p = 0.0075) and all vision-related subscales (p < 0.001) except the ocular pain subscale (p = 0.2). In children with ADOA, the median CVAQC logit score was significantly lower compared with first-degree relatives (p = 0.037). The science lessons subscale was significantly lower for children with ADOA compared with first-degree relatives (p = 0.046), as well as the language lessons subscale (p = 0.038). For adults, composite score and subscale scores were significantly associated with both VA, CS and fixation status. CONCLUSION OPA1 mutation is associated with lower quality of life and visual ability in patients with ADOA compared with both first-degree relatives and unrelated controls. VA, CS and fixation status affect quality of life in patients with ADOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Eckmann‐Hansen
- Department of OphthalmologyRigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark,Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Toke Bek
- Department of OphthalmologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
| | - Birgit Sander
- Department of OphthalmologyRigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark
| | - Michael Larsen
- Department of OphthalmologyRigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark,Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Gu S, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Chen L, Sun W, Chang P, Wang D, Zhao Y. A Retrospective Study on the Eye-Related Quality of Life, Functional Vision, and Their Determinants Among Children Following Congenital and Developmental Cataracts Surgery and Its Impact on Their Families Using the PedEyeQ. Front Public Health 2022; 10:788384. [PMID: 35372237 PMCID: PMC8968105 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.788384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesTo evaluate the eye-related quality of life (ER-QOL), functional vision, and their determinants in children following congenital and developmental cataract surgery, as the impact on their families, using the Pediatric Eye Questionnaire (PedEyeQ).Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 107 children (aged 0–11 years) with congenital and developmental cataracts who had undergone surgery, as well as 59 visually healthy controls (aged 0–11 years). One parent for each child completed either the Proxy 0–4 PedEyeQ, the Proxy 5–11 PedEyeQ, or the Parent PedEyeQ, depending on their child's age. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were then conducted to compare the differences between groups and to analyze their determinants.ResultsPedEyeQ scores were found to be lower in postoperative children with congenital and developmental cataracts compared with the control group across all study domains. The PedEyeQ Proxy 0 to 4 years' greatest mean difference was 27 points worse in the Functional Vision domain (95% CI −34 to −19; p < 0.001). We also found that the occurrence of nystagmus (p < 0.005) and strabismus (p < 0.005) were the major factors affecting participants' functional vision. The PedEyeQ Proxy 5 to 11 years' greatest mean difference was 23 points worse in this same domain (95% CI −30 to −15; p < 0.001), with nystagmus (p < 0.05) being the main determinant herein. Parent PedEyeQ 0 to 4 years' greatest difference was 46 points worse on the Worry about their Child's Eye Condition domain (95% CI −57 to −36; p < 0.001). Similarly, parents of children with ophthalmologic abnormalities, including nystagmus (p < 0.001) and strabismus (p < 0.05), were significantly more worried about their children's eye condition. Parent PedEyeQ 5 to 11 years' greatest difference was also found to be 30 points worse on the Worry about their Child's Eye Condition domain (95% CI −43 to −17; p < 0.005).ConclusionsChildren who have undergone congenital and developmental cataract surgery experience a lower quality of life and reduced functional vision. Their families are also significantly and adversely affected herein. Thus, more attention is needed on these groups, with more focused measures being administered to both children and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Gu
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Hu
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinying Zhao
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Sun
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingjun Chang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yune Zhao
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, China
- Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Hangzhou Branch, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yune Zhao
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14
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Azad AD, Al-Moujahed A, Ludwig CA, Vail D, Callaway NF, Rosenblatt TR, Kumm J, Moshfeghi DM. The Utility of Universal Newborn Eye Screening: A Review. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2021; 52:S6-S16. [PMID: 34908491 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20211115-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Universal newborn eye screening can identify ocular abnormalities early and help mitigate long-term visual impairment. Traditional neonatal and infant eye screening is administered by neonatologists and pediatricians using the red reflex test. If this test identifies an ocular abnormality, then the patient is examined by an ophthalmologist. Notably, the red reflex test may be unable to detect amblyogenic posterior segment pathology. Recent studies using fundus imaging and telemedicine show reduced cost of human resources and increased sensitivity compared with traditional approaches. In this review, the authors discuss universal newborn eye screening pilot programs with regard to disease prevalence, referral-warranted disease, and cost-effectiveness. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2021;52:S6-S16.].
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15
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Silva AOD, Rolim-de-Moura C, Botelho NLP, Gracitelli CP, Ferraz NN. Psychosocial indicators of primary congenital glaucoma and filtering surgeries impacts on children and family's quality of life. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:1997-2004. [PMID: 34615405 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211048358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify psychosocial indicators and evaluate the filtering surgeries impacts on quality of life (QOL) of children with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and their family. METHODS Parents of children with bilateral PCG who underwent filtering surgery were included. Data were collected through: (a) psychological inquiry to determine psychosocial indicators; (b) Children's Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ). The associations between the CVFQ scores and visual acuity, intraocular pressure, optic disk cupping, horizontal corneal diameter, axial length, number of surgeries, and hypotensive eye drops were investigated. The statistical significance level was considered as p ⩽ 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of the nine mothers interviewed and their children (six boys and three girls) was 29 ± 5 years and 35 ± 18 months, respectively. The psychosocial indicators determined were: emotional impact of the diagnosis, disease knowledge, mother and family's feelings on facing the surgical treatment, surgical result comprehension, treatment adherence, child's emotional and behavioral reactions, social support, and future expectations. In CVFQ analysis, QOL score was strongly associated with visual acuity (r = -0.79; p = 0.01). Besides the treatment score was correlated to intraocular pressure (r = -0.68; p < 0.05), optic disk cupping (r = -0.85; p = 0.03), and corneal diameter (r = -0.69; p = 0.02). Correlations were not found for number of surgeries and eye drops. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the PCG surgical treatment impact on QOL and determined psychosocial indicators which may favor the suitable actions in psychological treatment and follow-up of the children and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Oliveira da Silva
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Ciências Visuais, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiane Rolim-de-Moura
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Ciências Visuais, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nara Lúcia Poli Botelho
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Ciências Visuais, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Pb Gracitelli
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Ciências Visuais, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro de Estudos Alcides Hirai, Ver Mais Oftalmologia, Vinhedo, Brazil
| | - Nívea Nunes Ferraz
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Ciências Visuais, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kaplan SH, Fortier MA, Shaughnessy M, Maurer E, Vivero-Montemayor M, Masague SG, Hayes D, Stern HS, Dai M, Kain ZN. Development and initial validation of self-report measures of general health, preoperative anxiety, and postoperative pain in young children using computer-administered animation. Paediatr Anaesth 2021; 31:150-159. [PMID: 33174313 DOI: 10.1111/pan.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For young children, existing measures of children's health-related quality of life must be parent-reported or interviewer-administered for those who cannot read or complete measures independently. Parents' and childrens' reports about the child's health have been shown to disagree. AIMS (a) To test the reliability and validity of an animated, computer-administered Child Health Rating Inventories (CHRIS2.0) among children aged 4-12 undergoing surgery; and (b) to develop and test two CHRIS measures of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain management. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of a diverse group of 542 children aged 4-12 undergoing surgery. We compared the CHRIS measures to Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), the Functional Disabilities Inventory (FDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children (STAI-CH), and the Parent Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM). RESULTS Factor analyses supported the construct validity of the 12-item general physical health and the 8-item mental health CHRIS scales, as well as a composite 20-item scale, and the CHRIS preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain scales. Internal consistency reliability for all CHRIS scales exceeded the standard for group comparisons (Cronbach's α ≥0.70). The CHRIS general health composite was significantly correlated with composite PedsQL and FDI (r = 0.28, P < .001 and r = 0.43, P < .001, respectively). The CHRIS peri-operative anxiety measure was significantly correlated with the STAI-CH (r = 0.44, P < .001), as was the CHRIS postoperative pain scale with the PPPM (r = 0.52, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The CHRIS measures were reliable and valid in this diverse sample of young children (4-12). Because CHRIS measures are self-administered, scored in real time, and run on multiple different platforms, this approach provides a feasible method for the collection of health-related quality of life in young children and those with limited literacy. Our data indicate that this approach is psychometrically sound and has the potential for adding the child's voice to pediatric outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherrie H Kaplan
- Health Policy Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michelle A Fortier
- Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Eva Maurer
- Health Policy Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Sergio Gago Masague
- Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dylan Hayes
- Independent animation consultant, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hal S Stern
- Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Maozhu Dai
- Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zeev N Kain
- Health Policy Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Care, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Quality of life and functional vision across pediatric eye conditions assessed using the PedEyeQ. J AAPOS 2021; 25:23.e1-23.e5. [PMID: 33601046 PMCID: PMC8169574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate eye-related quality of life (ER-QOL) and functional vision across a wide range of pediatric eye conditions, using the Pediatric Eye Questionnaires (PedEyeQ). METHODS A total of 1,037 children with an eye condition and 254 visually normal controls, across 0-4, 5-11, and 12-17 years age groups, completed the following questionnaires: Child PedEyeQ (Functional Vision, Bothered by Eyes/Vision, Social, Frustration/Worry domains), Proxy PedEyeQ (same domains plus Eye Care), and Parent PedEyeQ (Impact on Parent and Family, Worry about Child's Eye Condition, Worry about Child's Self-perception and Interactions, and Worry about Functional Vision domains). The primary eye condition was classified as amblyopia (n = 171), cataract (n = 99), cerebral visual impairment (CVI; n = 50), cornea (n = 20), eyelid (n = 35), glaucoma (n = 24), nystagmus (n = 57), orbital (n = 19), pupil/iris (n = 7), refractive error (n = 119), retina (n = 82), strabismus (n = 332), and uveitis (n = 22). RESULTS PedEyeQ domain scores (scaled 0-100) were significantly worse across eye conditions, compared with controls. Child PedEyeQ greatest differences were on the Bothered by Eyes/Vision domain (nystagmus 5-11 years, -26 points [95% CI, -39 to -12]; nystagmus 12-17 years, -45 [95% CI, -61 to -28]). Proxy PedEyeQ differences were greatest on Functional Vision (CVI 0-4 years, -45 [95% CI, -56 to -34]; CVI 5-11 years, -58 [95% CI, -72 to -43]; nystagmus 12-17 years, -50 [95% CI, -69 to -31]). Parent PedEyeQ differences were greatest on Worry about Child's Functional Vision (CVI 0-4 years, -64; 95% CI -77 to -50). CONCLUSIONS The PedEyeQ detects reduced ER-QOL and functional vision across pediatric eye conditions, and across age groups, indicating its utility for clinical practice and clinical trials.
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Birch EE, Castañeda YS, Cheng-Patel CS, Morale SE, Kelly KR, Wang SX. Self-perception in Preschool Children With Deprivation Amblyopia and Its Association With Deficits in Vision and Fine Motor Skills. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020; 138:1307-1310. [PMID: 33090187 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Although the development of self-perception and self-esteem has been investigated in children with strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia, we know little about how self-perception is affected in deprivation amblyopia. Deprivation amblyopia from a dense, unilateral cataract is the least common and typically most severe form of amblyopia. After cataract extraction, optical correction, and patching treatment for amblyopia, visual acuity almost always remains abnormal, and except in rare cases, stereoacuity is nearly always nil. Objective To determine whether deprivation amblyopia is associated with altered self-perception in preschool children and to determine whether any differences in self-perception are associated with vision or motor skill deficits. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional study conducted from 2016 to 2019 at a pediatric vision research laboratory. Children aged 3 to 6 years were enrolled, including 15 children with deprivation amblyopia and 20 control children. Main Outcomes and Measures Self-perception was assessed using the Pictorial Scale of Competence and Acceptance for Young Children, which includes 4 specific domains: cognitive competence, peer acceptance, physical competence, and maternal acceptance. Fine motor skills were evaluated with the Manual Dexterity and Aiming & Catching Scales of the Movement ABC-2 test. Visual acuity and stereoacuity also were assessed. Results Of the 35 children included, 13 of 35 were girls (37%) and 28 of 35 were non-Hispanic White (80%). Children with deprivation amblyopia had significantly lower peer acceptance and physical competence scores compared with control children (mean [SD], 2.80 [0.44] vs 3.25 [0.33]; mean difference, 0.45; 95% CI for difference, 0.19-0.71; P = .002 and 2.94 [0.45] vs 3.41 [0.37]; mean difference, 0.47; 95% CI for difference, 0.19-0.75; P = .002, respectively). Among children with amblyopia, moderate associations were found between self-perception domain scores and motor skills, including peer acceptance and manual dexterity (r = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.26-0.89; P = .005), peer acceptance and aiming (r = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.03-0.82; P = .03), and physical competence and aiming (r = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.06-0.83; P = .03). Conclusions and Relevance Lower self-perception of peer acceptance and physical competence were associated with early visual deprivation in children in their everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen E Birch
- Pediatric Vision Laboratory, Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Yolanda S Castañeda
- Pediatric Vision Laboratory, Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Sarah E Morale
- Pediatric Vision Laboratory, Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas
| | - Krista R Kelly
- Pediatric Vision Laboratory, Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Serena X Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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Casslén B, Jugård Y, Taha Najim R, Odersjö M, Topa A, Andersson Grönlund M. Visual function and quality of life in children and adolescents with anophthalmia and microphthalmia treated with ocular prosthesis. Acta Ophthalmol 2020; 98:662-670. [PMID: 32356375 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), vision-related (VR-)QoL and perceptual visual dysfunction (PVD) among individuals with anophthalmia (A) and microphthalmia (M) treated with ocular prosthesis. METHODS The study comprised 15 individuals (mean age 6.6 years; range 1.7-14.1) with unilateral A or M. Three validated instruments measuring HR-QoL and VR-QoL were used: The Pediatric QoL Inventory (PedsQL), consisting of physical and psychosocial self-report and parent-proxy report (2-18 years); Children's Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ); and Effects of Youngsters' Eyesight on Quality of Life (EYE-Q). Perceptual visual dysfunctions (PVDs) were assessed by history taking according to a specific protocol. RESULTS A/M children and their parents showed low HR-QoL scores (PedsQL total score: 66.3; 69.6) compared with controls (83.0; 87.61) (p = 0.0035 and <0.0001, respectively, unpaired t-test). No differences were found between A/M children and parents, but parents tended to underestimate their children's emotional state. A/M children with subnormal visual acuity (VA) for age scored lower in physical health compared with A/M children with normal VA (p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney U-test). No significant VR-QoL differences between A/M children and references or between A/M children with subnormal or normal VA for age were found. More A/M children than controls exhibited PVDs in ≥1 area (7/11 versus 4/118; p < 0.0001, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSION A/M individuals show poor HR-QoL and increased PVDs. No difference in QoL was found between children and parents, though the children tended to score lower in emotional well-being. A/M children with subnormal VA showed lower physical health score. These problems indicate the necessity of a thorough multidisciplinary assessment and follow-up of children with A/M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Casslén
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ylva Jugård
- Department of Ophthalmology Södra Älvsborg Hospital Region Västra Götaland Borås Sweden
| | - Rezhna Taha Najim
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Marie Odersjö
- Department of Otolaryngology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Region Västra Götaland Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Alexandra Topa
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics Sahlgrenska University Hospital Region Västra Götaland Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Marita Andersson Grönlund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Ophthalmology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Region Västra Götaland Mölndal Sweden
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Nuijts MA, Veldhuis N, Stegeman I, van Santen HM, Porro GL, Imhof SM, Schouten–van Meeteren AYN. Visual functions in children with craniopharyngioma at diagnosis: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240016. [PMID: 33002047 PMCID: PMC7529266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood craniopharyngioma is a rare and slow growing brain tumour, often located in the sellar and suprasellar region. It commonly manifests with visual impairment, increased intracranial pressure and hypothalamic and/or pituitary deficiencies. Visual impairment in childhood adversely affects a child’s daily functioning and quality of life. We systematically reviewed the literature to provide an extensive overview of the visual function in children with craniopharyngioma at diagnosis in order to estimate the diversity, magnitude and relevance of the problem of visual impairment. Of the 543 potentially relevant articles, 84 studies met our inclusion criteria. Visual impairment at diagnosis was reported in 1041 of 2071 children (50.3%), decreased visual acuity was reported in 546 of 1321 children (41.3%) and visual field defects were reported in 426 of 1111 children (38.3%). Other ophthalmological findings described were fundoscopic (32.5%) and orthoptic abnormalities (12.5%). Variations in ophthalmological testing methods and ophthalmological definitions precluded a meta-analysis. The results of this review confirm the importance of ophthalmological examination in children with craniopharyngioma at diagnosis in order to detect visual impairment and provide adequate support. Future studies should focus on long-term visual follow-up of childhood craniopharyngioma in response to different treatment strategies to provide insight in risks and ways to prevent further loss of vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe A. Nuijts
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Nienke Veldhuis
- Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Stegeman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke M. van Santen
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio L. Porro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia M. Imhof
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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De Lima S, Kugelberg M, Jirwe M. Congenital cataract in newborns: A qualitative study on parents' experiences of the surgery and subsequent care. Acta Ophthalmol 2020; 98:585-591. [PMID: 32190986 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Having a child with congenital cataract that requires surgery, contact lens treatment, and frequent medication is a life-altering experience. The aim of this study was to provide more in-depth knowledge of parents' experiences of diagnosis, surgery, and subsequent care, in order to find the areas for improvement. METHODS Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with parents recruited from St. Erik Eye Hospital, Sweden. The children were operated for congenital cataract before 3 months of age and were aged 12-24 months at the time of the interviews. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. RESULTS Three themes emerged from the data: living in a turbulent time before the diagnosis, coping during the time of initial treatment, and managing the responsibility of their child's visual development. All parents expressed confidence in the operating unit. However, there was a clear need for reliable information on the condition, the surgery, and likely the long-term outcome in the time between receiving the preliminary diagnosis at the maternity ward and getting it confirmed by a paediatric ophthalmologist. CONCLUSION Much of the parents' concern in this turbulent time is linked to poor information before the visit to the eye hospital. We, therefore, recommend earlier contact with the eye hospital, preferably at the time of writing the referral. Moreover, the possibility of providing up-to-date information via alternative information channels such as smartphone apps should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Lima
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience St. Erik Eye Hospital Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Maria Kugelberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience St. Erik Eye Hospital Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Maria Jirwe
- Department for Health Promoting Science Sophiahemmet University Stockholm Sweden
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Hansen MM, Bach‐Holm D, Kessel L. Visual outcomes after surgery for childhood cataracts. Acta Ophthalmol 2020; 98:579-584. [PMID: 32180359 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe long-term objective and subjective visual outcomes in a group of Danish children after cataract surgery. METHODS Follow-up examination of 56 children aged 7-18 years who had undergone uni- or bilateral cataract surgery. Subjective visual function was assessed using the Cardiff Visual Ability Questionnaire for Children (CVAQC) and compared to objective visual acuity for distance and near, contrast vision and stereopsis. RESULTS Better visual acuity on the better seeing and contrast vision on worst seeing eye were significant predictors of increased subjective visual function in a multivariate analysis, p = 0.024. Children in the unilateral group had a significantly better CVAQC ratio compared to children in the bilateral group, median of 0.88 (range 0.50-1.00) versus 0.80 (range 0.55-0.98), p = 0.027. Reading small print, playing ball games and seeing friends in the playground were the most difficult CVAQC items in the unilateral group and reading small print, seeing the board in the classroom and seeing friends in the playground were the most difficult in the bilateral group. CONCLUSION Children with unilateral disease often have a healthy eye to support the operated eye, why they overall have better subjective visual function. Many of the most difficult visual tasks were related to academic activities which might hamper future academical capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniella Bach‐Holm
- Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet‐Glostrup Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Line Kessel
- Department of Ophthalmology Rigshospitalet‐Glostrup Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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Lin ZL, Lin DR, Chen JJ, Li J, Li XY, Wang LS, Liu ZZ, Cao QZ, Chen C, Zhu Y, Chen WR, Liu YZ, Lin HT. Increased prevalence of parent ratings of ADHD symptoms among children with bilateral congenital cataracts. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:1323-1329. [PMID: 31456924 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.08.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the behavioral and psychological disorders and the prevalence of parent ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among children with bilateral congenital cataracts (CCs). METHODS This cross-sectional study investigated children with bilateral CC aged 3-8y (CC group) using Conners' Parent Rating Scale-48 (CPRS-48) from July to December 2016. The abnormal rates of psychological symptoms in CC children and normal vision (NV) children were compared using the Chi-square test. The scores of CC children were compared with those of NV children and the Chinese urban norm using the independent samples t-test and one-sample t-test, respectively. RESULTS A total of 262 valid questionnaires were collected. The ratio of CC children to NV children was 119:143. The overall rate of psychological symptoms in CC children was 2.28 times higher than that in NV children (46.22% vs 20.28%, Pearson's χ 2=20.062; P<0.001). CC children showed higher scores for conduct problems, learning problems, impulsiveness/hyperactivity, anxiety, and hyperactivity index than NV children and the Chinese urban norm, particularly between the ages of 3 and 5y. Furthermore, male children aged between 6 and 8y showed a higher impulsive/hyperactive score than females of the same age (t=6.083, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Children with bilateral CCs have a higher rate of ADHD symptoms than children with NV. This study provides clinical evidence that screening for psychological symptoms and particularly for ADHD symptoms in children with bilateral CC are recommended for an early diagnosis and timely treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Duo-Ru Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Sha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qian-Zhong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Wei-Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao-Tian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
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Pan CW, Wu RK, Wang P, Li J, Zhong H. Reduced vision, refractive errors and health-related quality of life among adolescents in rural China. Clin Exp Optom 2018; 101:758-763. [PMID: 29575019 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the associations of reduced presenting visual acuity (VA), refractive errors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in healthy adolescents in rural China. METHODS A total of 2,235 grade 7 students without systemic medical problems from 10 middle schools aged 13-14 years in Mojiang, a small county located in southwestern China, were included in the analysis. Reduced VA was defined as presenting VA of worse than 6/12 in the presence of an ophthalmic aetiology which could be identified. The refractive status of each participant was measured after cycloplegia using an autorefractor. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales was used for measuring HRQoL of the participants. RESULTS Among all the participants included in the data analysis, 279 (12.5 per cent) individuals were affected by reduced VA based on the better-seeing eye data. After adjusting for the effect of gender, body mass index, the education level of the father, and the use of a corrective device, the total (adjusted mean difference: -3.27; 95 per cent confidence interval [CI] -4.95 to -1.59; p = 0.01), social functioning (adjusted mean difference: -3.44; 95 per cent CI -5.87 to -1.01; p = 0.02) and school functioning scores (adjusted mean difference: -3.12; 95 per cent CI -5.89 to -0.35; p = 0.04) of the adolescents with reduced presenting VA were significantly lower compared with those with normal vision. The associations between corrected refractive errors and HRQoL were not significant. CONCLUSIONS Healthy adolescents with reduced VA reported lower HRQoL scores including total, social functioning and school functioning scores, compared with those with normal vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rong-Kun Wu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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