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Zhang Y, Yuan M, Cai W, Sun W, Shi X, Liu D, Song W, Yan Y, Chen T, Bao Q, Zhang B, Liu T, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Li G. Prostaglandin I 2 signaling prevents angiotensin II-induced atrial remodeling and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation in mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:264. [PMID: 38878214 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia, and atrial fibrosis is a pathological hallmark of structural remodeling in AF. Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) can prevent the process of fibrosis in various tissues via cell surface Prostaglandin I2 receptor (IP). However, the role of PGI2 in AF and atrial fibrosis remains unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the role of PGI2 in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AF and the underlying molecular mechanism. PGI2 content was decreased in both plasma and atrial tissue from patients with AF and mice treated with Ang II. Treatment with the PGI2 analog, iloprost, reduced Ang II-induced AF and atrial fibrosis. Iloprost prevented Ang II-induced atrial fibroblast collagen synthesis and differentiation. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that iloprost significantly attenuated transcriptome changes in Ang II-treated atrial fibroblasts, especially mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-regulated genes. We demonstrated that iloprost elevated cAMP levels and then activated protein kinase A, resulting in a suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 and P38 activation, and ultimately inhibiting MAPK-dependent interleukin-6 transcription. In contrast, cardiac fibroblast-specific IP-knockdown mice had increased Ang II-induced AF inducibility and aggravated atrial fibrosis. Together, our study suggests that PGI2/IP system protects against atrial fibrosis and that PGI2 is a therapeutic target for treating AF.The prospectively registered trial was approved by the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The trial registration number is ChiCTR2200056733. Data of registration was 2022/02/12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Wenbin Cai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease-Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiang Tai Road 22nd, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Weiyan Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease-Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiang Tai Road 22nd, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xuelian Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease-Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiang Tai Road 22nd, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Daiqi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Wenhua Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Yingqun Yan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Tienan Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Qiankun Bao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Bangying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Xichang Road 295th, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease-Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiang Tai Road 22nd, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiang Tai Road 22nd, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease-Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiang Tai Road 22nd, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Qixiang Tai Road 22nd, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China.
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23rd, Tianjin, 300211, China.
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Li N, Xue Y, Zhu C, Chen N, Qi M, Fang M, Huang S. The zinc-finger transcription factor KLF6 regulates cardiac fibrosis. Life Sci 2024; 351:122805. [PMID: 38851422 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure (HF) is one of the most devastating consequences of cardiovascular diseases. Regardless of etiology, cardiac fibrosis is present and promotes the loss of heart function in HF patients. Cardiac resident fibroblasts, in response to a host of pro-fibrogenic stimuli, trans-differentiate into myofibroblasts to mediate cardiac fibrosis, the underlying mechanism of which remains incompletely understood. METHODS Fibroblast-myofibroblast transition was induced in vitro by exposure to transforming growth factor (TGF-β). Cardiac fibrosis was induced in mice by either transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or by chronic infusion with angiotensin II (Ang II). RESULTS Through bioinformatic screening, we identified Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) as a transcription factor preferentially up-regulated in cardiac fibroblasts from individuals with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) compared to the healthy donors. Further analysis showed that nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) bound to the KLF6 promoter and mediated KLF6 trans-activation by pro-fibrogenic stimuli. KLF6 knockdown attenuated whereas KLF6 over-expression enhanced TGF-β induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transition in vitro. More importantly, myofibroblast-specific KLF6 depletion ameliorated cardiac fibrosis and rescued heart function in mice subjected to the TAC procedure or chronic Ang II infusion. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, our data support a role for KLF6 in cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Xue
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenghao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Naxia Chen
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Mengwen Qi
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Fang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shan Huang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
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Aguado-Alvaro LP, Garitano N, Pelacho B. Fibroblast Diversity and Epigenetic Regulation in Cardiac Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6004. [PMID: 38892192 PMCID: PMC11172550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis, a process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, is a common pathological consequence of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) normally resulting in organ failure and death. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play an essential role in deleterious cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. In response to injury, quiescent CFs become activated and adopt a collagen-secreting phenotype highly contributing to cardiac fibrosis. In recent years, studies have been focused on the exploration of molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated in the activation process of CFs, which allow the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. Transcriptomic analyses using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) have helped to elucidate the high cellular diversity and complex intercellular communication networks that CFs establish in the mammalian heart. Furthermore, a significant body of work supports the critical role of epigenetic regulation on the expression of genes involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. The study of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling, has provided more insights into CF activation and fibrotic processes. Targeting epigenetic regulators, especially DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), histone acetylases (HAT), or histone deacetylases (HDAC), has emerged as a promising approach for the development of novel anti-fibrotic therapies. This review focuses on recent transcriptomic advances regarding CF diversity and molecular and epigenetic mechanisms that modulate the activation process of CFs and their possible clinical applications for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pilar Aguado-Alvaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Garitano
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.A.-A.); (N.G.)
- Program of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Zhao Q, Shao T, Huang S, Zhang J, Zong G, Zhuo L, Xu Y, Hong W. The insulin-like growth factor binding protein-microfibrillar associated protein-sterol regulatory element binding protein axis regulates fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and cardiac fibrosis. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38586912 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Excessive fibrogenesis is associated with adverse cardiac remodelling and heart failure. The myofibroblast, primarily derived from resident fibroblast, is the effector cell type in cardiac fibrosis. Megakaryocytic leukaemia 1 (MKL1) is considered the master regulator of fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMyT). The underlying transcriptional mechanism is not completely understood. Our goal was to identify novel transcriptional targets of MKL1 that might regulate FMyT and contribute to cardiac fibrosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) performed in primary cardiac fibroblasts identified insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) as one of the genes most significantly up-regulated by constitutively active (CA) MKL1 over-expression. IGFBP5 expression was detected in heart failure tissues using RT-qPCR and western blots. KEY RESULTS Once activated, IGFBP5 translocated to the nucleus to elicit a pro-FMyT transcriptional programme. Consistently, IGFBP5 knockdown blocked FMyT in vitro and dampened cardiac fibrosis in mice. Of interest, IGFBP5 interacted with nuclear factor of activated T-cell 4 (NFAT4) to stimulate the transcription of microfibril-associated protein 5 (MFAP5). MFAP5 contributed to FMyT and cardiac fibrosis by enabling sterol response element binding protein 2 (SREBP2)-dependent cholesterol synthesis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data unveil a previously unrecognized transcriptional cascade, initiated by IGFBP5, that promotes FMyT and cardiac fibrosis. Screening for small-molecule compounds that target this axis could yield potential therapeutics against adverse cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tinghui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Genjie Zong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhuo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxuan Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kong M, Zhou J, Kang A, Kuai Y, Xu H, Li M, Miao X, Guo Y, Fan Z, Xu Y, Li Z. Histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 regulates hepatic stellate cell activation and is targetable in liver fibrosis. Gut 2024; 73:810-824. [PMID: 38176898 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Liver fibrosis is a prelude to a host of end-stage liver diseases. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), switching from a quiescent state to myofibroblasts, are the major source for excessive production of extracellular matrix proteins. In the present study, we investigated the role of Suv39h1, a lysine methyltransferase, in HSC-myofibroblast transition and the implication in liver fibrosis. DESIGN HSC-specific or myofibroblast-specific Suv39h1 deletion was achieved by crossbreeding the Suv39h1 f/f mice to the Lrat-Cre mice or the Postn-CreERT2 mice. Liver fibrosis was induced by CCl4 injection or bile duct ligation. RESULTS We report that Suv39h1 expression was universally upregulated during HSC-myofibroblast transition in different cell and animal models of liver fibrosis and in human cirrhotic liver tissues. Consistently, Suv39h1 knockdown blocked HSC-myofibroblast transition in vitro. HSC-specific or myofibroblast-specific deletion of Suv39h1 ameliorated liver fibrosis in mice. More importantly, Suv39h1 inhibition by a small-molecule compound chaetocin dampened HSC-myofibroblast transition in cell culture and mitigated liver fibrosis in mice. Mechanistically, Suv39h1 bound to the promoter of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and repressed HMOX1 transcription. HMOX1 depletion blunted the effects of Suv39h1 inhibition on HSC-myofibroblast transition in vitro and liver fibrosis in vivo. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HMOX1 might contribute to HSC-myofibroblast transition by modulating retinol homeostasis. Finally, myofibroblast-specific HMOX1 overexpression attenuated liver fibrosis in both a preventive scheme and a therapeutic scheme. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate a previously unrecognised role for Suv39h1 in liver fibrosis and offer proof-of-concept of its targetability in the intervention of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjing Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of JiangnanUniversity, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Aoqi Kang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yameng Kuai
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulian Miao
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Lother A, Kohl P. The heterocellular heart: identities, interactions, and implications for cardiology. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:30. [PMID: 37495826 PMCID: PMC10371928 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The heterocellular nature of the heart has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. In addition to cardiomyocytes as the prototypical cell type of the heart, non-myocytes such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or immune cells are coming more into focus. The rise of single-cell sequencing technologies enables identification of ever more subtle differences and has reignited the question of what defines a cell's identity. Here we provide an overview of the major cardiac cell types, describe their roles in homeostasis, and outline recent findings on non-canonical functions that may be of relevance for cardiology. We highlight modes of biochemical and biophysical interactions between different cardiac cell types and discuss the potential implications of the heterocellular nature of the heart for basic research and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Lother
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Kong M, Dong W, Kang A, Kuai Y, Xu T, Fan Z, Shi L, Sun D, Lu Y, Li Z, Xu Y. Regulatory role and translational potential of CCL11 in liver fibrosis. Hepatology 2023; 78:120-135. [PMID: 36651177 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Myofibroblasts are considered the major effector cell type of liver fibrosis and primarily derived from hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In the present study, we investigated the contribution of C-C motif chemokine (CCL11) to HSC-myofibroblast trans -differentiation and its implication in liver fibrosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS We report that CCL11 levels were elevated in HSCs, but not in hepatocytes or Kupffer cells, isolated from mice with liver fibrosis compared with the control mice. CCL11 levels were also up-regulated by 2 pro-fibrogenic growth factors TGF-β and platelet derived growth factor in cultured HSCs. Mechanistically, zinc finger factor 281 bound to the CCL11 promoter and mediated CCL11 trans -activation in HSCs. Depletion of CCL11 attenuated whereas treatment with recombinant CCL11 promoted HSC activation. Further, global CCL11 deletion ( CCL11-/- ) or HSC/myofibroblast-specific CCL11 knockdown mitigated fibrogenesis in mice. RNA-sequencing revealed that CCL11 might regulate HSC activation by stimulating the transcription of Jagged 1. Reconstitution of Jagged 1 restored the fibrogenic response in CCL11-/- mice. Finally, several targeting strategies that aimed at blockading CCL11 signaling, either by administration of an antagonist to its receptor C-C motif chemokine receptor 3 or neutralizing antibodies against CCL11/C-C motif chemokine receptor 3, ameliorated liver fibrosis in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data unveil a previously unrecognized role for CCL11 in liver fibrosis and provide proof-of-concept evidence that targeting CCL11 can be considered as an effective therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, and Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, and Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aoqi Kang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, and Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yameng Kuai
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, and Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongchang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, and Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated With Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Longqing Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Hospital Affiliated With Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Donglin Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Hospital Affiliated With Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yunjie Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Hospital Affiliated With Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, and Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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8
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Gene Therapy for Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030856. [PMID: 36986717 PMCID: PMC10057434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biological methods over the past decade has stimulated great interest in the possibility to regenerate human tissues. Advances in stem cell research, gene therapy, and tissue engineering have accelerated the technology in tissue and organ regeneration. However, despite significant progress in this area, there are still several technical issues that must be addressed, especially in the clinical use of gene therapy. The aims of gene therapy include utilising cells to produce a suitable protein, silencing over-producing proteins, and genetically modifying and repairing cell functions that may affect disease conditions. While most current gene therapy clinical trials are based on cell- and viral-mediated approaches, non-viral gene transfection agents are emerging as potentially safe and effective in the treatment of a wide variety of genetic and acquired diseases. Gene therapy based on viral vectors may induce pathogenicity and immunogenicity. Therefore, significant efforts are being invested in non-viral vectors to enhance their efficiency to a level comparable to the viral vector. Non-viral technologies consist of plasmid-based expression systems containing a gene encoding, a therapeutic protein, and synthetic gene delivery systems. One possible approach to enhance non-viral vector ability or to be an alternative to viral vectors would be to use tissue engineering technology for regenerative medicine therapy. This review provides a critical view of gene therapy with a major focus on the development of regenerative medicine technologies to control the in vivo location and function of administered genes.
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Wu X, Miao X, Guo Y, Shao T, Tang S, Lin Y, Xu Y, Li N, Zhang T. Slug enables redox-sensitive trans-activation of LRP1 by COUP-TFII: Implication in antifibrotic intervention in the kidneys. Life Sci 2023; 316:121412. [PMID: 36682522 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Excessive fibrogenesis in the kidney causes structural and functional damages and is considered a hallmark event in end-stage renal diseases (ESRD). During renal fibrosis, resident fibroblasts undergo profound changes to become myofibroblasts. In the present study we investigated the involvement of Slug (encoded by Snai2) in this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Renal fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice. Cellular transcriptome was evaluated by RNA-seq. KEY FINDINGS We report that Slug expression was up-regulated during fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMyT) in vivo and in vitro. Slug knockdown attenuated TGF-β induced FMyT in primary renal fibroblasts and ameliorated renal fibrosis in mice. RNA-seq analysis revealed that Slug promoted FMyT by enabling key pro-fibrogenic transcription factors including the orphan nuclear receptor COUP-TFII. Mechanistically, Slug enhanced intracellular ROS levels by modulating the expression of redox-related genes. Elevated ROS levels in turn stimulated transcription of LDL receptor related protein 1 (Lrp1) by COUP-TFII. Importantly, both a COUP-TFII antagonist and an Lrp1 neutralization antibody mitigated renal fibrosis in mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our data support a role for Slug in regulating FMyT and renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiulian Miao
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Tinghui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shifan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanshan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Pathophysiology and Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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10
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PKM2 deficiency exacerbates gram-negative sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy via disrupting cardiac calcium homeostasis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:496. [PMID: 36564378 PMCID: PMC9789059 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome with multi-organ dysfunction in critical care medicine. With the occurrence of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC), characterized by reduced ventricular contractility, the mortality of sepsis is boosted to 70-90%. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) functions in a variety of biological processes and diseases other than glycolysis, and has been documented as a cardioprotective factor in several heart diseases. It is currently unknown whether PKM2 influences the development of SIC. Here, we found that PKM2 was upregulated in cardiomyocytes treated with LPS both in vitro and in vivo. Pkm2 inhibition exacerbated the LPS-induced cardiac damage to neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). Furthermore, cardiomyocytes lacking PKM2 aggravated LPS-induced cardiomyopathy, including myocardial damage and impaired contractility, whereas PKM2 overexpression and activation mitigated SIC. Mechanism investigation revealed that PKM2 interacted with sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), a key regulator of the excitation-contraction coupling, to maintain calcium homeostasis, and PKM2 deficiency exacerbated LPS-induced cardiac systolic dysfunction by impairing SERCA2a expression. In conclusion, these findings highlight that PKM2 plays an essential role in gram-negative sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, which provides an attractive target for the prevention and treatment of septic cardiomyopathy.
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11
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Teng ACT, Gu L, Di Paola M, Lakin R, Williams ZJ, Au A, Chen W, Callaghan NI, Zadeh FH, Zhou YQ, Fatah M, Chatterjee D, Jourdan LJ, Liu J, Simmons CA, Kislinger T, Yip CM, Backx PH, Gourdie RG, Hamilton RM, Gramolini AO. Tmem65 is critical for the structure and function of the intercalated discs in mouse hearts. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6166. [PMID: 36257954 PMCID: PMC9579145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The intercalated disc (ICD) is a unique membrane structure that is indispensable to normal heart function, yet its structural organization is not completely understood. Previously, we showed that the ICD-bound transmembrane protein 65 (Tmem65) was required for connexin43 (Cx43) localization and function in cultured mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes. Here, we investigate the functional and cellular effects of Tmem65 reductions on the myocardium in a mouse model by injecting CD1 mouse pups (3-7 days after birth) with recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 (rAAV9) harboring Tmem65 shRNA, which reduces Tmem65 expression by 90% in mouse ventricles compared to scrambled shRNA injection. Tmem65 knockdown (KD) results in increased mortality which is accompanied by eccentric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy within 3 weeks of injection and progression to dilated cardiomyopathy with severe cardiac fibrosis by 7 weeks post-injection. Tmem65 KD hearts display depressed hemodynamics as measured echocardiographically as well as slowed conduction in optical recording accompanied by prolonged PR intervals and QRS duration in electrocardiograms. Immunoprecipitation and super-resolution microscopy demonstrate a physical interaction between Tmem65 and sodium channel β subunit (β1) in mouse hearts and this interaction appears to be required for both the establishment of perinexal nanodomain structure and the localization of both voltage-gated sodium channel 1.5 (NaV1.5) and Cx43 to ICDs. Despite the loss of NaV1.5 at ICDs, whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology did not reveal reductions in Na+ currents but did show reduced Ca2+ and K+ currents in Tmem65 KD cardiomyocytes in comparison to control cells. We conclude that disrupting Tmem65 function results in impaired ICD structure, abnormal cardiac electrophysiology, and ultimately cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen C T Teng
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Liyang Gu
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Michelle Di Paola
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Robert Lakin
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Zachary J Williams
- The Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech. Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Translational Biology Medicine and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Aaron Au
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Neal I Callaghan
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Farigol Hakem Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Yu-Qing Zhou
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Meena Fatah
- The Labatt Family Heart Centre (Dept. of Pediatrics) and Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children & Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON., M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Diptendu Chatterjee
- The Labatt Family Heart Centre (Dept. of Pediatrics) and Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children & Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON., M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - L Jane Jourdan
- The Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech. Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Jack Liu
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Craig A Simmons
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Christopher M Yip
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Peter H Backx
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Robert G Gourdie
- The Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech. Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Robert M Hamilton
- The Labatt Family Heart Centre (Dept. of Pediatrics) and Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children & Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON., M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Anthony O Gramolini
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.
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12
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Park F. The heart is where AAV9 lies. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:316-318. [PMID: 35816650 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00102.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Park
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Memphis, TN, United States
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13
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Ni L, Lin B, Hu L, Zhang R, Fu F, Shen M, Yang J, Shi D. Pyruvate Kinase M2 Protects Heart from Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure by Phosphorylating RAC1. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e024854. [PMID: 35656980 PMCID: PMC9238738 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.024854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Heart failure, caused by sustained pressure overload, remains a major public health problem. PKM (pyruvate kinase M) acts as a rate‐limiting enzyme of glycolysis. PKM2 (pyruvate kinase M2), an alternative splicing product of PKM, plays complex roles in various biological processes and diseases. However, the role of PKM2 in the development of heart failure remains unknown. Methods and Results Cardiomyocyte‐specific Pkm2 knockout mice were generated by crossing the floxed Pkm2 mice with α‐MHC (myosin heavy chain)‐Cre transgenic mice, and cardiac specific Pkm2 overexpression mice were established by injecting adeno‐associated virus serotype 9 system. The results showed that cardiomyocyte‐specific Pkm2 deletion resulted in significant deterioration of cardiac functions under pressure overload, whereas Pkm2 overexpression mitigated transverse aortic constriction‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and improved heart functions. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that PKM2 acted as a protein kinase rather than a pyruvate kinase, which inhibited the activation of RAC1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein)‐MAPK (mitogen‐activated protein kinase) signaling pathway by phosphorylating RAC1 in the progress of heart failure. In addition, blockade of RAC1 through NSC23766, a specific RAC1 inhibitor, attenuated pathological cardiac remodeling in Pkm2 deficiency mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction. Conclusions This study revealed that PKM2 attenuated overload‐induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, which provides an attractive target for the prevention and treatment of cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ni
- Department of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Bowen Lin
- Department of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Lingjie Hu
- Department of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | | | - Fengmei Fu
- Jinzhou Medical University Liaoning China
| | - Meiting Shen
- Department of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Department of Cell Biology Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Institute of Medical Genetics Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Dan Shi
- Department of Cardiology Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China.,Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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14
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Chattopadhyaya S, Nagalingam RS, Ledingham DA, Moffatt TL, Al-Hattab DS, Narhan P, Stecy MT, O’Hara KA, Czubryt MP. Regulation of Cardiac Fibroblast GLS1 Expression by Scleraxis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091471. [PMID: 35563778 PMCID: PMC9101234 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is an energy-intensive process requiring the activation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, resulting in the increased synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins. Little is known about the transcriptional control of energy metabolism in cardiac fibroblast activation, but glutaminolysis has been implicated in liver and lung fibrosis. Here we explored how pro-fibrotic TGFβ and its effector scleraxis, which drive cardiac fibroblast activation, regulate genes involved in glutaminolysis, particularly the rate-limiting enzyme glutaminase (GLS1). The GLS1 inhibitor CB-839 attenuated TGFβ-induced fibroblast activation. Cardiac fibroblast activation to myofibroblasts by scleraxis overexpression increased glutaminolysis gene expression, including GLS1, while cardiac fibroblasts from scleraxis-null mice showed reduced expression. TGFβ induced GLS1 expression and increased intracellular glutamine and glutamate levels, indicative of increased glutaminolysis, but in scleraxis knockout cells, these measures were attenuated, and the response to TGFβ was lost. The knockdown of scleraxis in activated cardiac fibroblasts reduced GLS1 expression by 75%. Scleraxis transactivated the human GLS1 promoter in luciferase reporter assays, and this effect was dependent on a key scleraxis-binding E-box motif. These results implicate scleraxis-mediated GLS1 expression as a key regulator of glutaminolysis in cardiac fibroblast activation, and blocking scleraxis in this process may provide a means of starving fibroblasts of the energy required for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikta Chattopadhyaya
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Raghu S. Nagalingam
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - D. Allison Ledingham
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
| | - Teri L. Moffatt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
| | - Danah S. Al-Hattab
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Pavit Narhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
| | - Matthew T. Stecy
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
| | - Kimberley A. O’Hara
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
| | - Michael P. Czubryt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (S.C.); (R.S.N.); (D.A.L.); (T.L.M.); (D.S.A.-H.); (P.N.); (M.T.S.); (K.A.O.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-204-235-3719
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15
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Cakir SN, Whitehead KM, Hendricks HKL, de Castro Brás LE. Novel Techniques Targeting Fibroblasts after Ischemic Heart Injury. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030402. [PMID: 35159212 PMCID: PMC8834471 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The great plasticity of cardiac fibroblasts allows them to respond quickly to myocardial injury and to contribute to the subsequent cardiac remodeling. Being the most abundant cell type (in numbers) in the heart, and a key participant in the several phases of tissue healing, the cardiac fibroblast is an excellent target for treating cardiac diseases. The development of cardiac fibroblast-specific approaches have, however, been difficult due to the lack of cellular specific markers. The development of genetic lineage tracing tools and Cre-recombinant transgenics has led to a huge acceleration in cardiac fibroblast research. Additionally, the use of novel targeted delivery approaches like nanoparticles and modified adenoviruses, has allowed researchers to define the developmental origin of cardiac fibroblasts, elucidate their differentiation pathways, and functional mechanisms in cardiac injury and disease. In this review, we will first characterize the roles of fibroblasts in the different stages of cardiac repair and then examine novel techniques targeting fibroblasts post-ischemic heart injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirin N Cakir
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Kaitlin M Whitehead
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Hanifah K L Hendricks
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Lisandra E de Castro Brás
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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16
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Lu L, Wang H, Liu X, Tan L, Qiao X, Ni J, Sun Y, Liang J, Hou Y, Dou H. Pyruvate kinase isoform M2 impairs cognition in systemic lupus erythematosus by promoting microglial synaptic pruning via the β-catenin signaling pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:229. [PMID: 34645459 PMCID: PMC8513209 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is a severe complication, which involves pathological damage to the brain and cognitive function. However, its exact mechanism of action still remains unclear. In this study, we explored the role of microglia in the cognitive dysfunction of NPSLE mice. We also analyzed and compared the metabolites in the hippocampal tissues of the lupus model and control mice. METHODS MRL/MpJ-Faslpr (MRL/lpr) female mice were used as the NPSLE mouse model. Metabolomics was used to assess hippocampal glycolysis levels. Glucose, lactic acid, IL-6, and IL-1β of the hippocampus were detected by ELISA. Based on the glycolysis pathway, we found that pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) in the hippocampus was significantly increased. Thus, the expression of PKM2 was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and the localization of PKM2 in microglia (IBA-1+) or neurons (NeuN+) was assessed by immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect the number and phenotype of microglia; the changes in microglial phagocytosis and the β-catenin signaling pathway were detected in BV2 cells overexpressing PKM2. For in vivo experiments, MRL/lpr mice were treated with AAV9-shPKM2. After 2 months, Morris water maze and conditional fear tests were applied to investigate the cognitive ability of mice; H&E and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate brain damage; flow cytometry was used to detect the phenotype and function of microglia; neuronal synapse damage was monitored by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Glycolysis was elevated in the hippocampus of MRL/lpr lupus mice, accompanied by increased glucose consumption and lactate production. Furthermore, the activation of PKM2 in hippocampal microglia was observed in lupus mice. Cell experiments showed that PKM2 facilitated microglial activation and over-activated microglial phagocytosis via the β-catenin signaling pathway. In vivo, AAV9-shPKM2-treated mice showed decreased microglial activation and reduced neuronal synapses loss by blocking the β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, the cognitive impairment and brain damage of MRL/lpr mice were significantly relieved after microglial PKM2 inhibition. CONCLUSION These data indicate that microglial PKM2 have potential to become a novel therapeutic target for treating lupus encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Tan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Qiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Ni
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Xie Q, Yao Q, Hu T, Cai Z, Zhao J, Yuan Y, Wu QQ, Tang QZ. High-Mobility Group A1 Promotes Cardiac Fibrosis by Upregulating FOXO1 in Fibroblasts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:666422. [PMID: 34513822 PMCID: PMC8427498 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.666422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) acts as a transcription factor in several cardiovascular diseases. However, the implications of HMGA1 in cardiac fibrosis remain unknown. Here, we investigated the impact of HMGA1 on cardiac fibrosis. A mouse cardiac fibrosis model was constructed via subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO) or angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion. Adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were isolated and cultured. CFs were stimulated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for 24 h. As a result, HMGA1 was upregulated in fibrotic hearts, as well as TGF-β-stimulated CFs. Overexpression of HMGA1 in CFs aggravated TGF-β1-induced cell activation, proliferation, and collagen synthesis. Overexpression of HMGA1 in fibroblasts, by an adeno-associated virus 9 dilution system with a periostin promoter, accelerated cardiac fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Moreover, HMGA1 knockdown in CFs inhibited TGF-β1-induced cell activation, proliferation, and collagen synthesis. Mechanistically, we found that HMGA1 increased the transcription of FOXO1. The FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 counteracted the adverse effects of HMGA1 overexpression in vitro. HMGA1 silencing in mouse hearts alleviated Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. However, FOXO1 knockdown in mouse hearts abolished the deteriorating effects of HMGA1 overexpression in mice. Collectively, our data demonstrated that HMGA1 plays a critical role in the development of cardiac fibrosis by regulating FOXO1 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongtong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhulan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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18
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The double face of miR-320: cardiomyocytes-derived miR-320 deteriorated while fibroblasts-derived miR-320 protected against heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:69. [PMID: 33597502 PMCID: PMC7890065 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in the pathophysiologic process of heart failure (HF). However, the functions of a certain miRNA in different cardiac cell types during HF are scarcely reported, which might be covered by the globe effects of it on the heart. In the current study, Langendorff system was applied to isolate cardiomyocytes (CMs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) from transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced mice. Slight increase of miR-320 expression was observed in the whole heart tissue of TAC mice. Interestingly, miR-320 was significantly elevated in CMs but decreased in CFs from TAC mice at different time points. Then, recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 with cell-type-specific promoters were used to manipulate miR-320 expressions in vivo. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed the miR-320 overexpression in CMs exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, whereas overexpression of miR-320 in CFs alleviated cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Mechanically, downstream signaling pathway analyses revealed that miR-320 might induce various effects via targeting PLEKHM3 and IFITM1 in CMs and CFs, respectively. Moreover, miR-320 mediated effects could be abolished by PLEKHM3 re-expression in CMs or IFITM1 re-expression in CFs. Interestingly, miR-320 treated CFs were able to indirectly affect CMs function, but not vice versa. Meanwhile, upstream signaling pathway analyses showed that miR-320 expression and decay rate were rigorously manipulated by Ago2, which was regulated by a cluster of cell-type-specific TFs distinctively expressed in CMs and CFs, respectively. Together, we demonstrated that miR-320 functioned differently in various cell types of the heart during the progression of HF.
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19
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Chen Y, Liu F, Chen BD, Li XM, Huang Y, Yu ZX, Gao XL, He CH, Yang YN, Ma YT, Gao XM. rAAV9-Mediated MEK1 Gene Expression Restores Post-conditioning Protection Against Ischemia Injury in Hypertrophic Myocardium. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 34:3-14. [PMID: 32103377 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-06936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether increased expression of activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinases 1 (MEK1) restores ischemic post-conditioning (IPostC) protection in hypertrophic myocardium following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice received recombinant adeno-associated virus type 9 (rAAV9)-mediated activated MEK1 gene delivery systemically, then following the induction of cardiac hypertrophy via transverse aortic constriction for 4 weeks. In a Langendorff model, hypertrophic hearts were subjected to 40 min/60 min I/R or with IPostC intervention consisting of 6 cycles of 10 s reperfusion and 10 s no-flow before a 60-min reperfusion. Hemodynamics, infarct size (IS), myocyte apoptosis and changes in expression of reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway were examined. RESULTS rAAV9-MEK1 gene delivery led to a 4.3-fold and 2.7-fold increase in MEK1 mRNA and protein expression in the heart versus their control values. I/R resulted in a larger IS in hypertrophic than in non-hypertrophic hearts (52.3 ± 4.7% vs. 40.0 ± 2.5%, P < 0.05). IPostC mediated IS reduction in non-hypertrophic hearts (27.6 ± 2.6%, P < 0.05), while it had no significant effect in hypertrophic hearts (46.5 ± 3.1%, P=NS) compared with the IS in non-hypertrophic or hypertrophic hearts subjected to I/R injury only, respectively. Hemodynamic decline induced by I/R was preserved by IPostC in non-hypertrophic hearts but not in hypertrophic hearts. rAAV9-MEK1 gene delivery restored IPostC protection in hypertrophic hearts evidenced by reduced IS (32.0 ± 2.8% vs. 46.5 ± 3.1%) and cardiac cell apoptosis and largely preserved hemodynamic parameters. These protective effects were associated with significantly increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and ribosomal protein S6 kinases (p70S6K), but it had no influence on Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that rAAV9-mediated activated MEK1 expression restores IPostC protection in the hypertrophic heart against I/R injury through the activation of ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Clinical Medical Research Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Bang-Dang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Clinical Medical Research Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Zi-Xiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Xiao-Li Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Chun-Hui He
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China
| | - Yi-Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China.
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Disease in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, China. .,Clinical Medical Research Institute, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Urumqi, 830054, China.
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20
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McNally DJ, Piras BA, Willis CM, Lockey TD, Meagher MM. Development and Optimization of a Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography-Based Method of AAV Harvest, Capture, and Recovery. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 19:275-284. [PMID: 33102619 PMCID: PMC7569186 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
With many ongoing clinical trials utilizing adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy, it is necessary to find scalable and serotype-independent primary capture and recovery methods to allow for efficient and robust manufacturing processes. Here, we demonstrate the ability of a hydrophobic interaction chromatography membrane to capture and recover AAV1, AAV5, AAV8, and AAV “Mutant C” (a novel serotype incorporating elements of AAV3B and AAV8) particles from cell culture media and cell lysate with recoveries of 76%–100% of loaded material, depending on serotype. A simple, novel technique that integrates release and recovery of cell-associated AAV capsids is demonstrated. We show that by the addition of lyotropic salts to AAV-containing cell suspensions, AAV is released at an equivalent efficiency to mechanical lysis. The addition of the lyotropic salt also promotes a phase separation, which allows physical removal of large amounts of DNA and insoluble cellular debris from the AAV-containing aqueous fraction. The AAV is then captured and eluted from a hydrophobic interaction chromatography membrane. This integrated lysis and primary capture and recovery technique facilitates substantial removal of host-cell DNA and host-cell protein impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J McNally
- Department of Therapeutics Production & Quality, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Bryan A Piras
- Department of Therapeutics Production & Quality, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | | | - Timothy D Lockey
- Department of Therapeutics Production & Quality, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Michael M Meagher
- Department of Therapeutics Production & Quality, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
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21
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Gibb AA, Lazaropoulos MP, Elrod JW. Myofibroblasts and Fibrosis: Mitochondrial and Metabolic Control of Cellular Differentiation. Circ Res 2020; 127:427-447. [PMID: 32673537 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.316958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is mediated by the activation of resident cardiac fibroblasts, which differentiate into myofibroblasts in response to injury or stress. Although myofibroblast formation is a physiological response to acute injury, such as myocardial infarction, myofibroblast persistence, as occurs in heart failure, contributes to maladaptive remodeling and progressive functional decline. Although traditional pathways of activation, such as TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) and AngII (angiotensin II), have been well characterized, less understood are the alterations in mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism that are necessary to initiate and sustain myofibroblast formation and function. In this review, we highlight recent reports detailing the mitochondrial and metabolic mechanisms that contribute to myofibroblast differentiation, persistence, and function with the hope of identifying novel therapeutic targets to treat, and potentially reverse, tissue organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Gibb
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael P Lazaropoulos
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John W Elrod
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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22
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Fu X, Liu Q, Li C, Li Y, Wang L. Cardiac Fibrosis and Cardiac Fibroblast Lineage-Tracing: Recent Advances. Front Physiol 2020; 11:416. [PMID: 32435205 PMCID: PMC7218116 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological change associated with cardiac injuries and diseases. Even though the accumulation of collagens and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins may have some protective effects in certain situations, prolonged fibrosis usually negatively affects cardiac function and often leads to deleterious consequences. While the development of cardiac fibrosis involves several cell types, the major source of ECM proteins is cardiac fibroblast. The high plasticity of cardiac fibroblasts enables them to quickly change their behaviors in response to injury and transition between several differentiation states. However, the study of cardiac fibroblasts in vivo was very difficult due to the lack of specific research tools. The development of cardiac fibroblast lineage-tracing mouse lines has greatly promoted cardiac fibrosis research. In this article, we review the recent cardiac fibroblast lineage-tracing studies exploring the origin of cardiac fibroblasts and their complicated roles in cardiac fibrosis, and briefly discuss the translational potential of basic cardiac fibroblast researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fu
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Qianglin Liu
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Chaoyang Li
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Yuxia Li
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Leshan Wang
- School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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23
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Bao Q, Zhang B, Suo Y, Liu C, Yang Q, Zhang K, Yuan M, Yuan M, Zhang Y, Li G. Intermittent hypoxia mediated by TSP1 dependent on STAT3 induces cardiac fibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis. eLife 2020; 9:e49923. [PMID: 31934850 PMCID: PMC6992386 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is the predominant pathophysiological disturbance in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), known to be independently associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of IH on cardiac fibrosis and molecular events involved in this process are unclear. Here, we tested IH in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac fibrosis and signaling linked to fibroblast activation. IH triggered cardiac fibrosis and aggravated Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice. Plasma thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) content was upregulated in both IH-exposed mice and OSA patients. Moreover, both in vivo and in vitro results showed IH-induced cardiac fibroblast activation and increased TSP1 expression in cardiac fibroblasts. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of STAT3 at Tyr705 mediated the IH-induced TSP1 expression and fibroblast activation. Finally, STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 or AAV9 carrying a periostin promoter driving the expression of shRNA targeting Stat3 significantly attenuated the synergistic effects of IH and Ang II on cardiac fibrosis in mice. This work suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for OSA-related fibrotic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Bao
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Bangying Zhang
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ya Suo
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qian Yang
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Kai Zhang
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ming Yuan
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Meng Yuan
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin key laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of CardiologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
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24
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French BA, Holmes JW. Implications of scar structure and mechanics for post-infarction cardiac repair and regeneration. Exp Cell Res 2019; 376:98-103. [PMID: 30610848 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Regenerating cardiac muscle lost during a heart attack is a topic of broad interest and enormous potential impact. One promising approach is to regenerate or re-engineer new myocardium in situ, at the site of damage, by injecting cells, growth factors, and other materials, or by reprogramming aspects of the normal wound healing process. A wide variety of strategies have been explored, from promoting angiogenesis to injection of a variety of different progenitor cell types, to re-engineering resident cells to produce key growth factors or even transdifferentiate into myocytes. Despite substantial progress and continued promise, clinical impact of this work has fallen short of expectations. One contributing factor may be that many efforts focus primarily on generating cardiomyocytes, with less attention to re-engineering the extracellular matrix (ECM). Yet the role of the ECM is particularly crucial to consider following myocardial infarction, which leads to rapid formation of a collagen-rich scar. This review combines a brief summary of current efforts to regenerate cardiomyocytes with what is currently known about the structure and mechanics of post-infarction scar, with the goal of identifying principles that can guide efforts to produce new myocytes embedded in an extracellular environment that facilitates their differentiation, maintenance, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent A French
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Holmes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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25
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Sözmen M, Devrim AK, Kabak YB, Devrim T, Sudagidan M. The Effects of Periostin in a Rat Model of Isoproterenol: Mediated Cardiotoxicity. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:142-160. [PMID: 28895052 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein from fasciclin family, and it plays an important role in the cell adhesion, migration, and growth of the organism. Periostin prevents apoptosis while stimulating cardiomyocytes. The present study was designed to investigate cardioprotective effects of the recombinant murine periostin peptide administration in a rat model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury. The experiment was performed on 84 adult male Sprague Dawley rats in 4 groups (n = 21): control group (1), periostin-treated group (2), ISO-treated group (3), and ISO + periostin-treated group (4). The groups were further divided into three subgroups based on the duration of the experiment in which rats were killed on days 1, 7, and 28 (n = 7). Growth factors (VEGF, ANGPT, FGF-2, TGFβ), mitosis and apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, PCNA, Ki-67, phospho-histone H3), cell cycle activators and inhibitors (cyclin D1, D2, A2, Cdc2), the origin of regenerating cells (cKit and CD45) mRNA were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR array. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to directly detect protein level and distribution in the heart tissues. Administration of periostin following ISO-induced cardiotoxicity revealed that periostin alleviated deleterious effects of ISO through several pathways: (1) periostin induced mitotic activity of endothelial/fibroblastic cells, (2) periostin drives cardiomyocytes into S and M phases, thus promoting proliferation of cardiomyocytes, (3) periostin contributed to collagen degradation, tissue remodeling, and reduced cardiac fibrosis during the healing process following myocardial damage while preserving tissue matrix, (4) periostin stimulated angiogenesis by upregulating THBS1, TGFB2, and HGF genes, (5) periostin regulated cell growth and proliferation while maintaining cell shape and cellular muscle contractions (ACTB) and functioned as chemoattractant factor (CCL2) at the beginning of myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Sözmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Alparslan K Devrim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Yonca B Kabak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Tuba Devrim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Mert Sudagidan
- Strategic Product Research and Development Center (SARGEM), Konya Food and Agriculture University, Meram, Konya, Turkey
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26
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Suzuki-Hatano S, Saha M, Soustek MS, Kang PB, Byrne BJ, Cade WT, Pacak CA. AAV9- TAZ Gene Replacement Ameliorates Cardiac TMT Proteomic Profiles in a Mouse Model of Barth Syndrome. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 13:167-179. [PMID: 30788385 PMCID: PMC6369239 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare mitochondrial disease that causes severe cardiomyopathy and has no disease-modifying therapy. It is caused by recessive mutations in the gene tafazzin (TAZ), which encodes tafazzin-an acyltransferase that remodels the inner mitochondrial membrane lipid cardiolipin. To identify novel mechanistic pathways involved in BTHS and evaluate the effects of gene therapy on proteomic profiles, we performed a multiplex tandem mass tagging (TMT) quantitative proteomics analysis to compare protein expression profiles from heart lysates isolated from BTHS, healthy wild-type (WT), and BTHS treated with adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-TAZ gene replacement as neonates or adults. 197 proteins with ≥2 unique peptides were identified. Of these, 91 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in BTHS compared to WT controls. Cause-effect relationships between tafazzin deficiency and altered protein profiles were confirmed through demonstrated significant improvements in expression levels following administration of AAV9-TAZ. The importance of TMEM65 in Cx43 localization to cardiac intercalated discs was revealed as a novel consequence of tafazzin deficiency that was improved following gene therapy. This study identifies novel mechanistic pathways involved in the pathophysiology of BTHS, demonstrates the ability of gene delivery to improve protein expression profiles, and provides support for clinical translation of AAV9-TAZ gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silveli Suzuki-Hatano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Madhurima Saha
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Meghan S Soustek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Peter B Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Barry J Byrne
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - W Todd Cade
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christina A Pacak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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27
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Dixon IMC, Landry NM, Rattan SG. Periostin Reexpression in Heart Disease Contributes to Cardiac Interstitial Remodeling by Supporting the Cardiac Myofibroblast Phenotype. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1132:35-41. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6657-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Zhang QJ, Tran TAT, Wang M, Ranek MJ, Kokkonen-Simon KM, Gao J, Luo X, Tan W, Kyrychenko V, Liao L, Xu J, Hill JA, Olson EN, Kass DA, Martinez ED, Liu ZP. Histone lysine dimethyl-demethylase KDM3A controls pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5230. [PMID: 30531796 PMCID: PMC6286331 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pathological LVH engages transcriptional programs including reactivation of canonical fetal genes and those inducing fibrosis. Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) are emerging regulators of transcriptional reprogramming in cancer, though their potential role in abnormal heart growth and fibrosis remains little understood. Here, we investigate gain and loss of function of an H3K9me2 specific demethylase, Kdm3a, and show it promotes LVH and fibrosis in response to pressure-overload. Cardiomyocyte KDM3A activates Timp1 transcription with pro-fibrotic activity. By contrast, a pan-KDM inhibitor, JIB-04, suppresses pressure overload-induced LVH and fibrosis. JIB-04 inhibits KDM3A and suppresses the transcription of fibrotic genes that overlap with genes downregulated in Kdm3a-KO mice versus WT controls. Our study provides genetic and biochemical evidence for a pro-hypertrophic function of KDM3A and proof-of principle for pharmacological targeting of KDMs as an effective strategy to counter LVH and pathological fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Jun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Tram Anh T Tran
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Nephrology Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, P.R. China
| | - Mark J Ranek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kristen M Kokkonen-Simon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jason Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Xiang Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Viktoriia Kyrychenko
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lan Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - David A Kass
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Elisabeth D Martinez
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Zhi-Ping Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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29
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Suzuki-Hatano S, Saha M, Rizzo SA, Witko RL, Gosiker BJ, Ramanathan M, Soustek MS, Jones MD, Kang PB, Byrne BJ, Cade WT, Pacak CA. AAV-Mediated TAZ Gene Replacement Restores Mitochondrial and Cardioskeletal Function in Barth Syndrome. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 30:139-154. [PMID: 30070157 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare mitochondrial disease that affects heart and skeletal muscle and has no curative treatment. It is caused by recessive mutations in the X-linked gene TAZ, which encodes tafazzin. To develop a clinically relevant gene therapy to restore tafazzin function and treat BTHS, three different adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vectors were tested and compared to identify the optimal promoter-cytomegalovirus (CMV), desmin (Des), or a native tafazzin promoter (Taz)-for TAZ expression following intravenous administration of 1 × 1013 vector genomes/kilogram to a mouse model of BTHS as either neonates (1-2 days of age) or adults (3 months of age). At 5 months of age, evaluations of biodistribution and TAZ expression levels, mouse activity assessments, fatigue in response to exercise, muscle strength, cardiac function, mitochondrial structure, oxygen consumption, and electron transport chain complex activity assays were performed to measure the extent of improvement in treated mice. Each promoter was scored for significant improvement over untreated control mice and significant improvement compared with the other two promoters for every measurement and within each age of administration. All three of the promoters resulted in significant improvements in a majority of the assessments compared with untreated BTHS controls. When scored for overall effectiveness as a gene therapy, the Des promoter was found to provide improvement in the most assessments, followed by the CMV promoter, and finally Taz regardless of injection age. This study provides substantial support for translation of an adeno-associated virus serotype 9-mediated TAZ gene replacement strategy using a Des promoter for human BTHS patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silveli Suzuki-Hatano
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Madhurima Saha
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Skylar A Rizzo
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Rachael L Witko
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Bennett J Gosiker
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Manashwi Ramanathan
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Meghan S Soustek
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael D Jones
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Peter B Kang
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Barry J Byrne
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - W Todd Cade
- 3 Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Christina A Pacak
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
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30
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Klose K, Gossen M, Stamm C. Turning fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes: technological review of cardiac transdifferentiation strategies. FASEB J 2018; 33:49-70. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800712r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Klose
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) Berlin Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT) Berlin Germany
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Manfred Gossen
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) Berlin Germany
- Helmholtz‐Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG)Institute of Biomaterial Science Teltow Germany
| | - Christof Stamm
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) Berlin Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT) Berlin Germany
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular SurgeryDeutsches Herzzentrum Berlin (DHZB) Berlin Germany
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31
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Non-invasive detection of adeno-associated viral gene transfer using a genetically encoded CEST-MRI reporter gene in the murine heart. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4638. [PMID: 29545551 PMCID: PMC5854573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into gene therapy for heart failure has gained renewed interest as a result of improved safety and availability of adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV). While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is standard for functional assessment of gene therapy outcomes, quantitation of gene transfer/expression relies upon tissue biopsy, fluorescence or nuclear imaging. Imaging of gene expression through the use of genetically encoded chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-MRI reporter genes could be combined with clinical cardiac MRI methods to comprehensively probe therapeutic gene expression and subsequent outcomes. The CEST-MRI reporter gene Lysine Rich Protein (LRP) was cloned into an AAV9 vector and either administered systemically via tail vein injection or directly injected into the left ventricular free wall of mice. Longitudinal in vivo CEST-MRI performed at days 15 and 45 after direct injection or at 1, 60 and 90 days after systemic injection revealed robust CEST contrast in myocardium that was later confirmed to express LRP by immunostaining. Ventricular structure and function were not impacted by expression of LRP in either study arm. The ability to quantify and link therapeutic gene expression to functional outcomes can provide rich data for further development of gene therapy for heart failure.
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32
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Gray GA, Toor IS, Castellan RFP, Crisan M, Meloni M. Resident cells of the myocardium: more than spectators in cardiac injury, repair and regeneration. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 1:46-51. [PMID: 29876531 PMCID: PMC5981027 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple resident cell types contribute to maintaining the structure and physiological function of the heart over the life course. Cardiomyocyte proliferation supports scar free regeneration in the neonatal heart following injury, but a lower rate of proliferation in the adult necessitates replacement by a collagen scar to maintain ventricular integrity. In this short review we discuss recent studies that have identified novel roles for non-myocyte resident cells and the extracellular matrix in supporting repair, as well as cardiomyocyte and vascular regeneration, following myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- GA Gray
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - IS Toor
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - RFP Castellan
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - M Crisan
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - M Meloni
- BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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33
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Delivery of human erythropoietin gene with an adeno-associated virus vector through parotid glands to treat renal anaemia in a swine model. Gene Ther 2017; 24:692-698. [PMID: 28753201 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Anaemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease, for which there is presently no adequate treatment. The delivery of human erythropoietin (hEPO) cDNA to salivary glands reportedly increases red blood cell counts, haematocrit (HCT) and haemoglobin concentration, representing a potential new method of renal anaemia treatment. However, no studies have examined the effects of this method in an animal model of renal anaemia. Here we established a miniature pig animal model of renal anaemia through continuous feeding with adenine. In these animals, we delivered the AAV2hEPO gene to the parotid glands through Stensen's duct. As a control, we transferred AAVLacZ. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect hEPO in serum and saliva. Red blood counts and serum biochemistry were used to evaluate how hEPO gene administration affected renal anaemia. Compared with the control group, we found increased hEPO concentrations in parotid saliva and serum, respectively, at 2 and 6 weeks after AAV2hEPO administration to the anaemic animals. HCT and haemoglobin were also increased after AAV2hEPO was delivered; most serum indicators of renal damage were not changed over the time span of the experiment, suggesting the adenine-induced kidney damage had not been completely reversed. However, blood urea nitrogen and B2 microglobulin levels showed small but significant improvement. Overall, our present findings suggest that adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2)-mediated gene transduction of hEPO via the parotid gland is a promising potential alternative therapy for renal anaemia.
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34
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Durrani-Kolarik S, Pool CA, Gray A, Heyob KM, Cismowski MJ, Pryhuber G, Lee LJ, Yang Z, Tipple TE, Rogers LK. miR-29b supplementation decreases expression of matrix proteins and improves alveolarization in mice exposed to maternal inflammation and neonatal hyperoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L339-L349. [PMID: 28473324 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00273.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Even with advances in the care of preterm infants, chronic lung disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be a significant pulmonary complication. Among those diagnosed with BPD, a subset of infants develop severe BPD with disproportionate pulmonary morbidities. In addition to decreased alveolarization, these infants develop obstructive and/or restrictive lung function due to increases in or dysregulation of extracellular matrix proteins. Analyses of plasma obtained from preterm infants during the first week of life indicate that circulating miR-29b is suppressed in infants that subsequently develop BPD and that decreased circulating miR-29b is inversely correlated with BPD severity. Our mouse model mimics the pathophysiology observed in infants with severe BPD, and we have previously reported decreased pulmonary miR-29b expression in this model. The current studies tested the hypothesis that adeno-associated 9 (AAV9)-mediated restoration of miR-29b in the developing lung will improve lung alveolarization and minimize the deleterious changes in matrix deposition. Pregnant C3H/HeN mice received an intraperitoneal LPS injection on embryonic day 16 and newborn pups were exposed to 85% oxygen from birth to 14 days of life. On postnatal day 3, AAV9-miR-29b or AAV9-control was administered intranasally. Mouse lung tissues were then analyzed for changes in miR-29 expression, alveolarization, and matrix protein levels and localization. Although only modest improvements in alveolarization were detected in the AAV9-miR29b-treated mice at postnatal day 28, treatment completely attenuated defects in matrix protein expression and localization. Our data suggest that miR-29b restoration may be one component of a novel therapeutic strategy to treat or prevent severe BPD in prematurely born infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheen Durrani-Kolarik
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Caylie A Pool
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ashley Gray
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kathryn M Heyob
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mary J Cismowski
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gloria Pryhuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - L James Lee
- The Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- The Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Trent E Tipple
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; .,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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35
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Gu X, Matsumura Y, Tang Y, Roy S, Hoff R, Wang B, Wagner WR. Sustained viral gene delivery from a micro-fibrous, elastomeric cardiac patch to the ischemic rat heart. Biomaterials 2017; 133:132-143. [PMID: 28433936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable and elastomeric patches have been applied to the surface of infarcted hearts as temporary mechanical supports to effectively alter adverse left ventricular remodeling processes. In this report, recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV), known for its persistent transgene expression and low pathogenicity, was incorporated into elastomeric polyester urethane urea (PEUU) and polyester ether urethane urea (PEEUU) and processed by electrospinning into two formats (solid fibers and core-sheath fibers) designed to influence the controlled release behavior. The extended release of AAV encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) was assessed in vitro. Sustained and localized viral particle delivery was achieved over 2 months in vitro. The biodegradable cardiac patches with or without AAV-GFP were implanted over rat left ventricular lesions three days following myocardial infarction to evaluate the transduction effect of released viral vectors. AAV particles were directly injected into the infarcted hearts as a control. Cardiac function and remodeling were significantly improved for 12 weeks after patch implantation compared to AAV injection. More GFP genes was expressed in the AAV patch group than AAV injection group, with both α-SMA positive cells and cardiac troponin T positive cells transduced in the patch group. Overall, the extended release behavior, prolonged transgene expression, and elastomeric mechanical properties make the AAV-loaded scaffold an attractive option for cardiac tissue engineering where both gene delivery and appropriate mechanical support are desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhu Gu
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Yasumoto Matsumura
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Souvik Roy
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Richard Hoff
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - William R Wagner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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36
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Kurose H, Mangmool S. Myofibroblasts and inflammatory cells as players of cardiac fibrosis. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1100-13. [PMID: 27515051 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
On myocardial infarction, many cells are injured or died owing to arterial occlusion. Intracellular molecules released from injured or dead cells initiate inflammatory responses that play important roles in cardiac remodeling including fibrosis. Fibrosis is an excess accumulation of extracellular collagen. Currently, drugs used to treat cardiac fibrosis are not commercially available. Myofibroblasts are responsible for the production and secretion of collagen. Infiltrating inflammatory cells interact with fibroblasts or other cells and promote myofibroblast formation. Inflammatory cells also modulate the activities of myofibroblasts. Regulation of collagen production is critical for modulating the progression of fibrosis. Hence, the manipulation of activities of inflammatory cells and myofibroblasts will provide promising therapeutic targets for treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Kurose
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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