1
|
Characterising Mitochondrial Capture in an Iberian Shrew. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122228. [PMID: 36553495 PMCID: PMC9777731 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial introgression raises questions of biogeography and of the extent of reproductive isolation and natural selection. Previous phylogenetic work on the Sorex araneus complex revealed apparent mitonuclear discordance in Iberian shrews, indicating past hybridisation of Sorex granarius and the Carlit chromosomal race of S. araneus, enabling introgression of the S. araneus mitochondrial genome into S. granarius. To further study this, we genetically typed 61 Sorex araneus/coronatus/granarius from localities in Portugal, Spain, France, and Andorra at mitochondrial, autosomal, and sex-linked loci and combined our data with the previously published sequences. Our data are consistent with earlier data indicating that S. coronatus and S. granarius are the most closely related of the three species, confirming that S. granarius from the Central System mountain range in Spain captured the mitochondrial genome from a population of S. araneus. This mitochondrial capture event can be explained by invoking a biogeographical scenario whereby S. araneus was in contact with S. granarius during the Younger Dryas in central Iberia, despite the two species currently having disjunct distributions. We discuss whether selection favoured S. granarius with an introgressed mitochondrial genome. Our data also suggest recent hybridisation and introgression between S. coronatus and S. granarius, as well as between S. araneus and S. coronatus.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pavlova SV, Shchipanov NA. New karyotypes of the common shrew Sorex araneus (Lipotyphla, Mammalia) at the northern periphery of the species range in European Russia. MAMMAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-018-0409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
3
|
Chromosome Synapsis and Recombination in Male Hybrids between Two Chromosome Races of the Common Shrew (Sorex araneus L., Soricidae, Eulipotyphla). Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100282. [PMID: 29053571 PMCID: PMC5664132 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid zones between chromosome races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) provide exceptional models to study the potential role of chromosome rearrangements in the initial steps of speciation. The Novosibirsk and Tomsk races differ by a series of Robertsonian fusions with monobrachial homology. They form a narrow hybrid zone and generate hybrids with both simple (chain of three chromosomes) and complex (chain of eight or nine) synaptic configurations. Using immunolocalisation of the meiotic proteins, we examined chromosome pairing and recombination in males from the hybrid zone. Homozygotes and simple heterozygotes for Robertsonian fusions showed a low frequency of synaptic aberrations (<10%). The carriers of complex synaptic configurations showed multiple pairing abnormalities, which might lead to reduced fertility. The recombination frequency in the proximal regions of most chromosomes of all karyotypes was much lower than in the other regions. The strong suppression of recombination in the pericentromeric regions and co-segregation of race specific chromosomes involved in the long chains would be expected to lead to linkage disequilibrium between genes located there. Genic differentiation, together with the high frequency of pairing aberrations in male carriers of the long chains, might contribute to maintenance of the narrow hybrid zone.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mackiewicz P, Moska M, Wierzbicki H, Gagat P, Mackiewicz D. Evolutionary history and phylogeographic relationships of shrews from Sorex araneus group. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179760. [PMID: 28650986 PMCID: PMC5484494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrews of the Sorex genus are an evolutionarily successful group that includes more than 77 species widely distributed in Eurasia and North America. The genus is one of the rare cases where karyotypic changes reflect well the evolutionary relationships among its species. The taxa showing the greatest variation in karyotype are usually classified into the Sorex araneus group. Its evolution was associated with chromosomal rearrangements, which could have promoted fast diversification of this group into many chromosomal races and species. These processes were additionally complicated by introgressions of mitochondrial DNA, which made the evolutionary history of this group quite complex and difficult to infer. To tackle the problem, we performed multi-method phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial cytochrome b that is considered a good molecular marker available for many representatives of Sorex. The results were compared with phylogenies based on chromosomal rearrangement data and put into temporal and spatial context using molecular dating and historical biogeography methods. We complemented the study with the estimation of diversification rates within the S. araneus group as well as comparing the results with paleontological records and climatic oscillations within the last 4 million years. Based on the gathered data, we proposed a hypothetical scenario for the evolution and geographic dispersion of species belonging to the S. araneus group. The shrews began to diversify about 2.7 million years ago in Eurasia and then migrated at least twice to North America. The evolution of shrews was driven by Pleistocene glacial and interglacial cycles, which increased their speciation rate and the emergence of new lineages. The migrations of populations were accompanied by introgressions of mitochondrial DNA into native shrews and occurred at least twice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Mackiewicz
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Moska
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Heliodor Wierzbicki
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Gagat
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Mackiewicz
- Department of Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taberlet P, Fumagalli L, Hausser J. CHROMOSOMAL VERSUS MITOCHONDRIAL DNA EVOLUTION: TRACKING THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF THE SOUTHWESTERN EUROPEAN POPULATIONS OF THE SOREX ARANEUS
GROUP (MAMMALIA, INSECTIVORA). Evolution 2017; 48:623-636. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1994.tb01349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/1992] [Accepted: 03/16/1993] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Taberlet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Populations d'Altitude, CNRS EP55; Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Institut de Zoologie et d'Ecologie Animale; Université de Lausanne; Bâtiment de Biologie, 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jacques Hausser
- Institut de Zoologie et d'Ecologie Animale; Université de Lausanne; Bâtiment de Biologie, 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hatfield T, Barton N, Searle JB. A MODEL OF A HYBRID ZONE BETWEEN TWO CHROMOSOMAL RACES OF THE COMMON SHREW (SOREX ARANEUS
). Evolution 2017; 46:1129-1145. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/1991] [Accepted: 01/04/1992] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Todd Hatfield
- Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| | - Nick Barton
- Department of Genetics and Biometry; University College London; 4 Stephenson Way London NW1 2HE UK
| | - Jeremy B. Searle
- Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Density-dependent processes determine the distribution of chromosomal races of the common shrew Sorex araneus (Lipotyphla, Mammalia). MAMMAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-017-0314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
8
|
Shchipanov NA, Pavlova SV. Multilevel subdivision in the araneus species group of the genus Sorex: 1. Chromosomal differentiation. BIOL BULL+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s106235901608015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
The Robertsonian phenomenon in the house mouse: mutation, meiosis and speciation. Chromosoma 2014; 123:529-44. [PMID: 25053180 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-014-0477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Many different chromosomal races with reduced chromosome number due to the presence of Robertsonian fusion metacentrics have been described in western Europe and northern Africa, within the distribution area of the western house mouse Mus musculus domesticus. This subspecies of house mouse has become the ideal model for studies to elucidate the processes of chromosome mutation and fixation that lead to the formation of chromosomal races and for studies on the impact of chromosome heterozygosities on reproductive isolation and speciation. In this review, we briefly describe the history of the discovery of the first and subsequent metacentric races in house mice; then, we focus on the molecular composition of the centromeric regions involved in chromosome fusion to examine the molecular characteristics that may explain the great variability of the karyotype that house mice show. The influence that metacentrics exert on the nuclear architecture of the male meiocytes and the consequences on meiotic progression are described to illustrate the impact that chromosomal heterozygosities exert on fertility of house mice-of relevance to reproductive isolation and speciation. The evolutionary significance of the Robertsonian phenomenon in the house mouse is discussed in the final section of this review.
Collapse
|
10
|
Orlov VN, Balakirev AE, Borisov YM. Phylogenetic relationships of caucasian shrew Sorex satunini Ogn. (Mammalia) in the superspecies Sorex araneus inferred from the data of karyological analysis and the mtDNA cyt b gene sequencing. RUSS J GENET+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795411060159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
11
|
Additional data for nuclear DNA give new insights into the phylogenetic position of Sorex granarius within the Sorex araneus group. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 57:1062-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
12
|
White TA, Bordewich M, Searle JB. A network approach to study karyotypic evolution: the chromosomal races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) and house mouse (Mus musculus) as model systems. Syst Biol 2010; 59:262-76. [PMID: 20525634 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syq004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of methods to reconstruct phylogenies from karyotypic data has lagged behind what has been achieved with molecular and morphological characters. This hampers our understanding of the role of chromosomal rearrangements in speciation, which depends on knowledge of the karyotypic relationships both among forms that have recently speciated and among forms within species that may speciate in the future. Here, we present a new approach to reconstruct chromosomal phylogenies. Our approach involves the use of networks, which we believe offer a flexible alternative to bifurcating phylogenetic trees for chromosomal phylogenetic analyses, and can incorporate a wide range of chromosomal mutations as well as allowing reticulate evolution through hybridization. In this paper, we apply our method at the within-species level to establish the phylogenetic history, in terms of minimum number of evolutionary steps, of chromosomal races within both the common shrew (Sorex araneus) and the house mouse (Mus musculus). There have been several previous attempts to reconstruct the phylogenies of chromosomal races within shrews and mice, but we describe the first computer-based analysis that considers the whole range of possible mutations generating new races (Robertsonian fusions and fissions and whole-arm reciprocal translocations [WARTs]) and other race-generating processes (zonal raciation events involving both acrocentric and recombinant peaks) postulated for these species. The analysis for common shrew chromosomal races reveals a greater importance of zonal raciation and WARTs than has been suggested hitherto.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A White
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhdanova NS, Rogozina YI, Minina YM, Borodin PM, Rubtsov NB. Telomeric DNA allocation in chromosomes of common shrew (Sorex araneus, eulipotyphla). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x09040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
14
|
Brünner H. The karyology of the Common shrew, Sorex araneus Linné, 1758 (Insectivora, Soricidae) in southwestern Germany. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1991.tb00445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Macholán M, Filippucci MG, Zima J, Kryštufek B, Simson S. Karyological and allozyme survey of the Common shrew, Sorex araneus, from Macedonia. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1994.tb00477.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
SEARLE JB. A cytogenetical analysis of reproduction in common shrews (Sorex araneus) from a karyotypic hybrid zone. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1990.tb00075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
17
|
Abstract
The Eurasian common shrew (Sorex araneus L.) is characterized by spectacular chromosomal variation, both autosomal variation of the Robertsonian type and an XX/XY(1)Y(2) system of sex determination. It is an important mammalian model of chromosomal and genome evolution as it is one of the few species with a complete genome sequence. Here we generate a high-precision cytological recombination map for the species, the third such map produced in mammals, following those for humans and house mice. We prepared synaptonemal complex (SC) spreads of meiotic chromosomes from 638 spermatocytes of 22 males of nine different Robertsonian karyotypes, identifying each autosome arm by differential DAPI staining. Altogether we mapped 13,983 recombination sites along 7095 individual autosomes, using immunolocalization of MLH1, a mismatch repair protein marking recombination sites. We estimated the total recombination length of the shrew genome as 1145 cM. The majority of bivalents showed a high recombination frequency near the telomeres and a low frequency near the centromeres. The distances between MLH1 foci were consistent with crossover interference both within chromosome arms and across the centromere in metacentric bivalents. The pattern of recombination along a chromosome arm was a function of its length, interference, and centromere and telomere effects. The specific DNA sequence must also be important because chromosome arms of the same length differed substantially in their recombination pattern. These features of recombination show great similarity with humans and mice and suggest generality among mammals. However, contrary to a widespread perception, the metacentric bivalent tu usually lacked an MLH1 focus on one of its chromosome arms, arguing against a minimum requirement of one chiasma per chromosome arm for correct segregation. With regard to autosomal chromosomal variation, the chromosomes showing Robertsonian polymorphism display MLH1 foci that become increasingly distal when comparing acrocentric homozygotes, heterozygotes, and metacentric homozygotes. Within the sex trivalent XY(1)Y(2), the autosomal part of the complex behaves similarly to other autosomes.
Collapse
|
18
|
The distributions of telomeric and ribosomal DNA on the chromosomes of two closely related species, Sorex araneus and Sorex granarius (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF THERIOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.06.1.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
19
|
Zhdanova NS, Minina JM, Karamisheva TV, Draskovic I, Rubtsov NB, Londoño-Vallejo JA. The very long telomeres in Sorex granarius (Soricidae, Eulipothyphla) contain ribosomal DNA. Chromosome Res 2007; 15:881-90. [PMID: 17899406 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-007-1170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Two closely related shrew species, Sorex granarius and Sorex araneus, in which Robertsonian rearrangements have played a primary role in karyotype evolution, present very distinct telomere length patterns. S. granarius displays hyperlong telomeres specifically associated with the short arms of acrocentrics, whereas telomere lengths in S. araneus are rather short and homogenous. Using a combined approach of chromosome and fibre FISH, modified Q-FISH, 3D-FISH, Ag-NOR staining and TRF analysis, we carried out a comparative analysis of telomeric repeats and rDNA distribution on chromosome ends of Sorex granarius. Our results show that rDNA sequences forming active nuclear organizing regions are interspersed with the long telomere tracts of all short arms of acrocentrics. These observations suggest that the major rearrangements that gave rise to today's karyotype in S. granarius were accompanied by a profound reorganization of chromosome ends, which comprised extensive amplification of telomeric and rDNA repeats on the short arms of acrocentrics and finally contributed to the stabilization of telomeres. This is the first time that such telomeric structures have been observed in any mammalian species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S Zhdanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jadwiszczak KA, Banaszek A. Fertility in the male common shrews, Sorex araneus, from the extremely narrow hybrid zone between chromosome races. Mamm Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2006.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
21
|
JADWISZCZAK KATARZYNAA, RATKIEWICZ MIROSŁAW, BANASZEK AGATA. Analysis of molecular differentiation in a hybrid zone between chromosomally distinct races of the common shrewSorex araneus(Insectivora: Soricidae) suggests their common ancestry. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
22
|
Basset P, Yannic G, Yang F, O'Brien PCM, Graphodatsky AS, Ferguson-Smith MA, Balmus G, Volobouev VT, Hausser J. Chromosome localization of microsatellite markers in the shrews of the Sorex araneus group. Chromosome Res 2006; 14:253-62. [PMID: 16628496 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-006-1041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The extremely high rate of karyotypic evolution that characterizes the shrews of the Sorex araneus group makes this group an exceptionally interesting model for population genetics and evolutionary studies. Here, we attempted to map 46 microsatellite markers at the chromosome arm level using flow-sorted chromosomes from three karyotypically different taxa of the Sorex araneus group (S. granarius and the chromosome races Cordon and Novosibirsk of S. araneus). The most likely localizations were provided for 35 markers, among which 25 were each unambiguously mapped to a single locus on the corresponding chromosomes in the three taxa, covering the three sexual chromosomes (XY1Y2) and nine of the 18 autosomal arms of the S. araneus group. The results provide further evidence for a high degree of conservation in genome organization in the S. araneus group despite the presence of numerous Robertsonian rearrangements. These markers can therefore be used to compare the genetic structure among taxa of the S. araneus group at the chromosome level and to study the role of chromosomal rearrangements in the genetic diversification and speciation process of this group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Basset
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Lausanne University, Biophore, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhdanova NS, Karamisheva TV, Minina J, Astakhova NM, Lansdorp P, Kammori M, Rubtsov NB, Searle JB. Unusual distribution pattern of telomeric repeats in the shrews Sorex araneus and Sorex granarius. Chromosome Res 2005; 13:617-25. [PMID: 16170626 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-005-0988-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2005] [Accepted: 06/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sorex araneus and Sorex granarius are sibling species within the Sorex araneus group with karyotypes composed of almost identical chromosome arms. S. granarius has a largely acrocentric karyotype, while, in S. araneus, various of these acrocentrics have combined together by Robertsonian (Rb) fusions to form metacentrics, with the numbers and types of metacentrics differing between chromosomal races. Our studies on telomeric sequences in S. araneus and S. granarius revealed differences between chromosomes and between species. In S. araneus (the Novosibirsk race), hybridization signals were present on the telomeres of all the chromosomes after FISH with a PCR-generated telomeric probe. In addition, hybridization signals were observed at high frequencies in the pericentric regions of some but not all metacentrics formed by Rb fusion. There were fewer signals on those metacentrics formed earlier in the evolution of S. araneus. This suggests that S. araneus chromosomes retain at least some telomeric repeats during Rb fusion, but that these repeats are lost or modified over time. These results are critical for the interpretation of the well-studied hybrid zones between chromosomal races of S. araneus, given that Rb fission has been postulated in such hybrid zones and that the likelihood of Rb fission will relate to presence/absence of telomeric sequences at the centromeres of metacentrics. In S. granarius, there were strong signals at the proximal (centromeric) telomeres of the acrocentrics after FISH with a DNA telomeric probe. FISH with a PNA telomeric probe on S. granarius acrocentrics showed that the proximal telomeres were 213 kb on average, while the length of the distal telomeres was 3.8 kb on average. Two-colour FISH, using a telomeric DNA probe and a microdissected probe generated from the pericentric regions of the S. granarius chromosomes a and b, revealed regions on distinct chromatin fibres where telomeric and microdissected probes were colocalized or localized sequentially. The proximal telomeres of S. granarius are highly unusual both in their large size and their heterogeneous structure relative to the telomeres of other mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S Zhdanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Narain Y, Fredga K. A Hybrid Zone Between the Hällefors and Uppsala Chromosome Races of Sorex Araneus in Central Sweden. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1996.00137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
25
|
Wójcik JM, Wójcik AM, Zalewska H. Chromosome and Allozyme Variation of the Common Shrew, Sorex Araneus, in Different Habitats. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1996.00183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
26
|
LUGON‐MOULIN N, BRÜNNER H, WYTTENBACH A, HAUSSER J, GOUDET J. Hierarchical analyses of genetic differentiation in a hybrid zone ofSorex araneus(Insectivora: Soricidae). Mol Ecol 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00595.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. LUGON‐MOULIN
- Institut de Zoologie et d’Ecologie Animale, Bâtiment de Biologie, Université de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne‐Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - H. BRÜNNER
- Institut de Zoologie et d’Ecologie Animale, Bâtiment de Biologie, Université de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne‐Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - A. WYTTENBACH
- Institut de Zoologie et d’Ecologie Animale, Bâtiment de Biologie, Université de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne‐Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - J. HAUSSER
- Institut de Zoologie et d’Ecologie Animale, Bâtiment de Biologie, Université de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne‐Dorigny, Switzerland
| | - J. GOUDET
- Institut de Zoologie et d’Ecologie Animale, Bâtiment de Biologie, Université de Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne‐Dorigny, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
A taxonomical re-evaluation of the Valais chromosome race of the common shrewSorex araneus (Insectivora: Soricidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03194146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
28
|
Ratkiewicz M, Fedyk S, Banaszek A, Gielly L, Chetnicki W, Jadwiszczak K, Taberlet P. The evolutionary history of the two karyotypic groups of the common shrew, Sorex araneus, in Poland. Heredity (Edinb) 2002; 88:235-42. [PMID: 11920129 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2001] [Accepted: 10/24/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variability within and among two karyotypic groups and five chromosome races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) in Poland was assayed by sequencing a 1023 bp part of the cytochrome b gene (mtDNA) from 28 individuals. Thirty-four variable positions defined 21 distinct haplotypes with a maximum sequence divergence of 0.88%. No significant differentiation in the cytochrome b gene between Western and Eastern Karyotypic groups was found. Haplotype diversity estimates within the races and groups sampled were high (h = 0.800-0.928), while nucleotide diversity estimates were low (pi = 0.0034-0.0053). The distribution of pairwise nucleotide differences fits well with expectations of a "sudden expansion" model. High haplotype diversity was accompanied by relatively high expected heterozygosity (H(E)) values in nuclear genes (calculated over 47 enzyme loci: H(E) = 0.031 - 0.049), giving no evidence for a recent bottleneck after the process of post-Pleistocene recolonization of Poland by the shrews. Thus, for S. araneus chromosome races in Poland, the data on the cytochrome b gene variability support the hypothesis assuming the Robertsonian fusions having spread into an ancestral acrocentric distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ratkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Swierkowa 20 B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Affiliation(s)
- O.L. Serov
- Laboratory of Development Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of Russia, Siberian Department, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fumagalli L, Taberlet P, Stewart DT, Gielly L, Hausser J, Vogel P. Molecular phylogeny and evolution of Sorex shrews (Soricidae: insectivora) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 1999; 11:222-35. [PMID: 10191067 DOI: 10.1006/mpev.1998.0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Shrews of the genus Sorex are characterized by a Holarctic distribution, and relationships among extant taxa have never been fully resolved. Phylogenies have been proposed based on morphological, karyological, and biochemical comparisons, but these analyses often produced controversial and contradictory results. Phylogenetic analyses of partial mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences (1011 bp) were used to examine the relationships among 27 Sorex species. The molecular data suggest that Sorex comprises two major monophyletic lineages, one restricted mostly to the New World and one with a primarily Palearctic distribution. Furthermore, several sister-species relationships are revealed by the analysis. Based on the split between the Soricinae and Crocidurinae subfamilies, we used a 95% confidence interval for both the calibration of a molecular clock and the subsequent calculation of major diversification events within the genus Sorex. Our analysis does not support an unambiguous acceleration of the molecular clock in shrews, the estimated rate being similar to other estimates of mammalian mitochondrial clocks. In addition, the data presented here indicate that estimates from the fossil record greatly underestimate divergence dates among Sorex taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Fumagalli
- Institut de Zoologie et d'Ecologie Animale, Bâtiment de Biologie, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wyttenbach A, Narain Y, Fredga K. Genetic structuring and gene flow in a hybrid zone between two chromosome races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus, Insectivora) revealed by microsatellites. Heredity (Edinb) 1999. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6884520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
33
|
Polyakov AV, Chadova NB, Rodionova MI, Panov VV, Dobrotvorsky AK, Searle JB, Borodin PM. Novosibirsk revisited 24 years on: chromosome polymorphism in the Novosibirsk population of the common shrew Sorex araneus L. Heredity (Edinb) 1997; 79 ( Pt 2):172-7. [PMID: 9279011 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1997.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A Robertsonian fusion polymorphism in the common shrew (Sorex araneus L.), first described in Academgorodok near Novosibirsk (western Siberia) in 1970-72, was re-examined in 1994-95. The polymorphism in the 1970s involved chromosome arm combinations go, jl, mp and qr, i.e. each of these combinations was present in both a metacentric and a twin-acrocentric state in the population at that time. The twin-acrocentric morph for go occurred at low frequency in 1970-72 and was not observed in 1994-95. The polymorphism for arm combinations jl, mp and qr was still observed in 1994-95 and there was no significant difference in metacentric/twin-acrocentric frequencies compared with the previous sample. This is the third well-documented example in which the chromosome polymorphism in the common shrew has been found to be unchanged over a period of 20+ years. Although the polymorphism for qr may be associated with a chromosomal hybrid zone with a cline centre 200 km away, there is no definitive explanation for the other polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Polyakov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tegelström H, Searle J, Brookfield J, Mercer S. Multiple paternity in wild common shrews (Sorex araneus) is confirmed by DNA-fingerprinting. Heredity (Edinb) 1991; 66 ( Pt 3):373-9. [PMID: 1880048 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1991.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have tested for the occurrence of multiple paternity in wild common shrews by karyotypic analysis and DNA-fingerprinting of five wild-caught females and their litters. Karyotypic data suggest that some litters were sired by more than one male, but provide no definitive evidence. By using DNA-fingerprinting, it was possible to establish that two males sired the litter of two females. The present report shows that multiple paternity is not a rare phenomenon in the common shrew and by using DNA-fingerprinting it is possible to assign individual offspring to different male parents even when none of the putative fathers are available for inspection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Tegelström
- Department of Genetics, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
DANNELID ERLAND. The genus Sorex (Mammalia, Soricidae)–distribution and evolutionary aspects of Eurasian species. Mamm Rev 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2907.1991.tb00284.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|