1
|
Boucetta H, Zhang L, Sosnik A, He W. Pulmonary arterial hypertension nanotherapeutics: New pharmacological targets and drug delivery strategies. J Control Release 2024; 365:236-258. [PMID: 37972767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, serious, and incurable disease characterized by high lung pressure. PAH-approved drugs based on conventional pathways are still not exhibiting favorable therapeutic outcomes. Drawbacks like short half-lives, toxicity, and teratogenicity hamper effectiveness, clinical conventionality, and long-term safety. Hence, approaches like repurposing drugs targeting various and new pharmacological cascades and/or loaded in non-toxic/efficient nanocarrier systems are being investigated lately. This review summarizes the status of conventional, repurposed, either in vitro, in vivo, and/or in clinical trials of PAH treatment. In-depth description, discussion, and classification of the new pharmacological targets and nanomedicine strategies with a description of all the nanocarriers that showed promising efficiency in delivering drugs are discussed. Ultimately, an illustration of the different nucleic acids tailored and nanoencapsulated within different types of nanocarriers to restore the pathways affected by this disease is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Boucetta
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| | - Wei He
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng R, Xu T, Wang X, Yang L, Wang J, Huang X. Stem cell therapy in pulmonary hypertension: current practice and future opportunities. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230112. [PMID: 37758272 PMCID: PMC10523152 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0112-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterised by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and right-sided heart failure. While conventional drug therapies, including prostacyclin analogues, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, have been shown to improve the haemodynamic abnormalities of patients with PH, the 5-year mortality rate remains high. Thus, novel therapies are urgently required to prolong the survival of patients with PH. Stem cell therapies, including mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, have shown therapeutic potential for the treatment of PH and clinical trials on stem cell therapies for PH are ongoing. This review aims to present the latest preclinical achievements of stem cell therapies, focusing on the therapeutic effects of clinical trials and discussing the challenges and future perspectives of large-scale applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Zheng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tingting Xu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xinghong Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lehe Yang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Heart and Lung, Wenzhou, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amoozgar H, Banafi P, Mohammadi H, Edraki MR, Mehdizadegan N, Ajami G, Borzouee M, Keshaarz K, Moradi P, Dehghani E. Management of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension After Correction of Congenital Heart Defect with Autologous Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Stem Cell Injection into the Pulmonary Artery: A Pilot Study. Pediatr Cardiol 2020; 41:398-406. [PMID: 31912176 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-019-02273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) related to left-to-right shunt can progress to Eisenmenger syndrome, a serious and fatal disease that is not yet curable. This pilot study considered stem cell injection as a new treatment modality in persistent pulmonary hypertension after the correction of a congenital heart defect. Three patients with persistent pulmonary hypertension after ventricular septal defect repair were included in this pilot study for a clinical trial. Mononuclear stem cells derived from patients' bone marrow specimens were injected into the right and left pulmonary arteries via cardiac catheterization. The patients were followed over a 6-month period, with six-minute walk test, echocardiography and repeated angiography performed in the sixth month after treatment. The results of the study showed improvement of 40 m, 280 m and 100 m in 6-minute walk distance in patients 1 to 3, respectively. The peak PR gradient decreased 2, 5 and 9 mmHg by echocardiography, and mean PA pressure decreased 21, 22 and 9 mmHg by catheterization in patients 1 to 3, respectively. Pulmonary artery resistance decreased 4, 4.5 and 1.3 Wood units after 6 months of stem cell therapy in the three patients. No short-term complications were detected in this pilot trial, and all patients tolerated the procedure without any complications. Intrapulmonary artery injection of stem cells may have a role in the treatment of persistent PAH secondary to congenital heart disease. This procedure is feasible, with no significant complications, and this study can be considered as a platform for larger studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Amoozgar
- Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pegah Banafi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Mohammadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Pediatrics, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 7193711351, Iran.
| | | | - Nima Mehdizadegan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Ajami
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Borzouee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kambiz Keshaarz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Poria Moradi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Dehghani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Smits J, Tasev D, Andersen S, Szulcek R, Botros L, Ringgaard S, Andersen A, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, Koolwijk P, Bogaard HJ. Blood Outgrowth and Proliferation of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells are Related to Markers of Disease Severity in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123763. [PMID: 30486375 PMCID: PMC6321271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), lung-angioproliferation leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, while simultaneous myocardial microvessel loss contributes to right ventricular (RV) failure. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) are highly proliferative, angiogenic cells that may contribute to either pulmonary vascular obstruction or to RV microvascular adaptation. We hypothesize ECFC phenotypes (outgrowth, proliferation, tube formation) are related to markers of disease severity in a prospective cohort-study of 33 PAH and 30 healthy subjects. ECFC were transplanted in pulmonary trunk banded rats with RV failure. The presence of ECFC outgrowth in PAH patients was associated with low RV ejection fraction, low central venous saturation and a shorter time to clinical worsening (5.4 months (0.6–29.2) vs. 36.5 months (7.4–63.4), p = 0.032). Functionally, PAH ECFC had higher proliferative rates compared to control in vitro, although inter-patient variability was high. ECFC proliferation was inversely related to RV end diastolic volume (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.018), but not pulmonary vascular resistance. Tube formation-ability was similar among donors. Normal and highly proliferative PAH ECFC were transplanted in pulmonary trunk banded rats. While no effect on hemodynamic measurements was observed, RV vascular density was restored. In conclusion, we found that ECFC outgrowth associates with high clinical severity in PAH, suggesting recruitment. Transplantation of highly proliferative ECFC restored myocardial vascular density in pulmonary trunk banded rats, while RV functional improvements were not observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josien Smits
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dimitar Tasev
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Stine Andersen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevaard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Robert Szulcek
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Liza Botros
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Steffen Ringgaard
- Aarhus University Hospital, MR Centre, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevaard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Asger Andersen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevaard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Harm Jan Bogaard
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Willis GR, Fernandez-Gonzalez A, Reis M, Mitsialis SA, Kourembanas S. Macrophage Immunomodulation: The Gatekeeper for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived-Exosomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092534. [PMID: 30150544 PMCID: PMC6164282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, increased pulmonary infiltrates, loss of vascular cross-sectional area, and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Despite recent advances in the management of PAH, there is a pressing need for the development of new tools to effectively treat and reduce the risk of further complications. Dysregulated immunity underlies the development of PAH, and macrophages orchestrate both the initiation and resolution of pulmonary inflammation, thus, manipulation of lung macrophage function represents an attractive target for emerging immunomodulatory therapies, including cell-based approaches. Indeed, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have shown promise, effectively modulating the macrophage fulcrum to favor an anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving phenotype, which is associated with both histological and functional benefits in preclinical models of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The complex interplay between immune system homeostasis and MSCs remains incompletely understood. Here, we highlight the importance of macrophage function in models of PH and summarize the development of MSC-based therapies, focusing on the significance of MSC exosomes (MEx) and the immunomodulatory and homeostatic mechanisms by which such therapies may afford their beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth R Willis
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Angeles Fernandez-Gonzalez
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Monica Reis
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - S Alex Mitsialis
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Stella Kourembanas
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tsilimigras DI, Oikonomou EK, Moris D, Schizas D, Economopoulos KP, Mylonas KS. Stem Cell Therapy for Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review. Circulation 2017; 136:2373-2385. [PMID: 29229621 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.029607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) constitutes the most prevalent and heterogeneous group of congenital anomalies. Although surgery remains the gold standard treatment modality, stem cell therapy has been gaining ground as a complimentary or alternative treatment option in certain types of CHD. The aim of this study was to present the existing published evidence and ongoing research efforts on the implementation of stem cell-based therapeutic strategies in CHD. METHODS A systematic review was conducted by searching Medline, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane library, along with reference lists of the included studies through April 23, 2017. RESULTS Nineteen studies were included in this review (8 preclinical, 6 clinical, and 5 ongoing trials). Various routes of cardiac stem cell delivery have been reported, including intracoronary, intramyocardial, intravenous, and epicardial. Depending on their origin and level of differentiation at which they are harvested, stem cells may exhibit different properties. Preclinical studies have mostly focused on modeling right ventricle dysfunction or failure and pulmonary artery hypertension by using pressure or volume overload in vitro or in vivo. Only a limited number of clinical trials on patients with CHD exist, and these primarily focus on hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Cell-based tissue engineering has recently been introduced, and research currently is focusing on developing cell-seeded grafts and patches that could potentially grow in parallel with whole body growth once implanted in the heart. CONCLUSIONS It seems that stem cell delivery to the diseased heart as an adjunct to surgical palliation may provide some benefits over surgery alone in terms of cardiac function, somatic growth, and quality of life. Despite encouraging preliminary results, stem cell therapies for patients with CHD should only be considered in the setting of well-designed clinical trials. More wet laboratory research experience is needed, and translation of promising findings to large clinical studies is warranted to clearly define the efficacy and safety profile of this alternative and potentially groundbreaking therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- School of Medicine (D.I.T.).,National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Surgery Working Group (D.I.T., D.M., D.S., K.P.E)
| | | | - Demetrios Moris
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Surgery Working Group (D.I.T., D.M., D.S., K.P.E).,Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece. Department of Surgery, The Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus (D.M.)
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital (D.S.).,National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Surgery Working Group (D.I.T., D.M., D.S., K.P.E)
| | - Konstantinos P Economopoulos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Surgery Working Group (D.I.T., D.M., D.S., K.P.E) .,Organ Engineering and Regeneration Laboratory (K.P.E.)
| | - Konstantinos S Mylonas
- Pediatrics Working Group (K.S.M.).,Department of Pediatric Surgery (K.S.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mou Y, Yue Z, Zhang H, Shi X, Zhang M, Chang X, Gao H, Li R, Wang Z. High quality in vitro expansion of human endothelial progenitor cells of human umbilical vein origin. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:294-301. [PMID: 28367090 PMCID: PMC5370292 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.18137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited availability of qualified endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a major challenge for regenerative medicine. In the present study, we isolated human EPCs from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by using magnetic micro-beads coated with an antibody against human CD34. Flow cytometric assay showed that majority of these cells expressed VEGFR2 (KDR), CD34 and CD133, three molecular markers for early EPCs. It was also found that a bioreactor micro-carrier cell culture system (bio-MCCS) was superior to dish culture for in vitro expansion of EPCs. It expanded more EPCs which were in the early stage, as shown by the expression of characteristic molecular markers and had better angiogenic potential, as shown by matrix-gel based in vitro angiogenesis assay. These results suggest that HUVECs might be a novel promising resource of EPCs for regenerative medicine and that a bio-MCCS cell culture system might be broadly used for in vitro expansion of EPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mou
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China;; The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Yue
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China;; The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingrui Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaona Chang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ronggui Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zonggui Wang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kort EJ, Croskey L, Scibienski T, Rajasekaran S, Jovinge S. Circulating Progenitor Cells and Childhood Cardiovascular Disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2016; 37:225-31. [PMID: 26554720 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-015-1300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Circulating progenitor cells have been extensively studied in the context of heart disease in adults. In these patients, they have been demonstrated to be markers of myocardial injury and recovery as well as potential therapeutic agents. However, studies in children are much more limited. Here we review current knowledge pertaining to circulating progenitor cells in the context of childhood cardiovascular disease. Priorities for further research are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Kort
- DeVos Cardiovascular Research Program of Spectrum Health and Van Andel Research Institute, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, 15 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| | - Lacey Croskey
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, 15 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Taryn Scibienski
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, 15 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Surender Rajasekaran
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, 15 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Stefan Jovinge
- DeVos Cardiovascular Research Program of Spectrum Health and Van Andel Research Institute, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, 15 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mou Y, Yue Z, Wang X, Li W, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li R, Sun X. OCT4 Remodels the Phenotype and Promotes Angiogenesis of HUVECs by Changing the Gene Expression Profile. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:386-94. [PMID: 27226779 PMCID: PMC4879770 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.15057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that forced expression of four mouse stem cell factors (OCT4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) changed the phenotype of rat endothelial cells to vascular progenitor cells. The present study aimed to explore whether the expression of OCT4 alone might change the phenotype of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to endothelial progenitor cells and, if so, to examine the possible mechanism involved. A Matrigel-based in vitro angiogenesis assay was used to evaluate the angiogenesis of the cells; the gene expression profile was analyzed by an oligonucleotide probe-based gene array chip and validated by RT-QPCR. The cellular functions of the mRNAs altered by OCT4 were analyzed with Gene Ontology. We found that induced ectopic expression of mouse OCT4 in HUVECs significantly enhanced angiogenesis of the cells, broadly changed the gene expression profile and particularly increased the expression of CD133, CD34, and VEGFR2 (KDR) which are characteristic marker molecules for endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Furthermore by analyzing the cellular functions that were targeted by the mRNAs altered by OCT4 we found that stem cell maintenance and cell differentiation were among the top functional response targeted by up-regulated and down-regulated mRNAs upon forced expression of OCT4. These results support the argument that OCT4 remodels the phenotype of HUVECs from endothelial cells to EPCs by up-regulating the genes responsible for stem cell maintenance and down-regulating the genes for cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mou
- 1. Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China.; 3. The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Yue
- 1. Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- 1. Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Wenxue Li
- 1. Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- 1. Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- 1. Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Ronggui Li
- 1. Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Xin Sun
- 2. Life Science Research Center, Beihua University, Jilin, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu J, Xu Q, McTiernan C, Lai YC, Osei-Hwedieh D, Gladwin M. Novel Targets of Drug Treatment for Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2015; 15:225-34. [PMID: 26016608 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-015-0125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical advances over the last decade have identified the central role of proliferative pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Furthermore, promoters of proliferation and apoptosis resistance in PASMCs and endothelial cells, such as aberrant signal pathways involving growth factors, G protein-coupled receptors, kinases, and microRNAs, have also been described. As a result of these discoveries, PH is currently divided into subgroups based on the underlying pathology, which allows focused and targeted treatment of the condition. The defining features of PH, which subsequently lead to vascular wall remodeling, are dysregulated proliferation of PASMCs, local inflammation, and apoptosis-resistant endothelial cells. Efforts to assess the relative contributions of these factors have generated several promising targets. This review discusses recent novel targets of therapies for PH that have been developed as a result of these advances, which are now in pre-clinical and clinical trials (e.g., imatinib [phase III]; nilotinib, AT-877ER, rituximab, tacrolimus, paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine, bardoxolone methyl [phase II]; and sorafenib, FK506, aviptadil, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) [phase I]). While substantial progress has been made in recent years in targeting key molecular pathways, PH still remains without a cure, and these novel therapies provide an important conceptual framework of categorizing patients on the basis of molecular phenotype(s) for effective treatment of the disease.
Collapse
|
11
|
Comparative effectiveness of sildenafil for pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease with HFrEF. Hypertens Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
12
|
Upregulation of canonical transient receptor potential channel in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle of a chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension rat model. Hypertens Res 2015; 38:821-8. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
13
|
Vaidya B, Gupta V. Novel therapeutic approaches for pulmonary arterial hypertension: Unique molecular targets to site-specific drug delivery. J Control Release 2015; 211:118-33. [PMID: 26036906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.05.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a cardiopulmonary disorder characterized by increased blood pressure in the small arterioles supplying blood to lungs for oxygenation. Advances in understanding of molecular and cellular biology techniques have led to the findings that PAH is indeed a cascade of diseases exploiting multi-faceted complex pathophysiology, with cellular proliferation and vascular remodeling being the key pathogenic events along with several cellular pathways involved. While current therapies for PAH do provide for amelioration of disease symptoms and acute survival benefits, their full therapeutic potential is hindered by patient incompliance and off-target side effects. To overcome the issues related with current therapy and to devise a more selective therapy, various novel pathways are being investigated for PAH treatment. In addition, inability to deliver anti-PAH drugs to the disease site i.e., distal pulmonary arterioles has been one of the major challenges in achieving improved patient outcomes and improved therapeutic efficacy. Several novel carriers have been explored to increase the selectivity of currently approved anti-PAH drugs and to act as suitable carriers for the delivery of investigational drugs. In the present review, we have discussed potential of various novel molecular pathways/targets including RhoA/Rho kinase, tyrosine kinase, endothelial progenitor cells, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and miRNA in PAH therapeutics. We have also discussed various techniques for site-specific drug delivery of anti-PAH therapeutics so as to improve the efficacy of approved and investigational drugs. This review will provide gainful insights into current advances in PAH therapeutics with an emphasis on site-specific drug payload delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya
- School of Pharmacy, Keck Graduate Institute, 535 Watson Drive, Claremont, CA 91711, United States
| | - Vivek Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Keck Graduate Institute, 535 Watson Drive, Claremont, CA 91711, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Foster WS, Suen CM, Stewart DJ. Regenerative Cell and Tissue-based Therapies for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:1350-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
15
|
Endothelial progenitor cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Heart Lung Circ 2014; 23:595-601. [PMID: 24680485 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterised by lung endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular remodelling. A number of studies now suggest that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may induce neovascularisation and could be a promising approach for cell based therapy for PAH. On the contrary EPCs may contribute to pulmonary vascular remodelling, particularly in end-stage pulmonary disease. This review article will provide a brief summary of the relationship between PAH and EPCs, the application of the EPCs to PAH and highlight the potential clinical application of the EPCs cell therapy to PAH.
Collapse
|