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Jiang J, Lau PWC, Li Y, Gao D, Chen L, Chen M, Ma Y, Ma T, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang X, Dong Y, Song Y, Ma J. Association of fast-food restaurants with overweight and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13536. [PMID: 36519593 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore associations between the accessibility of fast-food restaurants (FFRs) and weight-related outcomes in children and adolescents through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies. We searched three databases for studies published before October 21, 2022. Study quality was assessed using the National Institutes of Health's Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Meta-analysis was performed, and the leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis. A total of 60 studies were included. According to our analysis, FFRs within a smaller buffer radius from residences or that provide unhealthy foods may have a more significant influence on children's and adolescents' weight. Children of younger ages and girls may have a higher possibility of being overweight due to FFRs. Though we could hardly avoid bias, the estimates in low-and middle-income countries (only six studies) are much higher than those in high-income countries (54 studies). More research analyses based on microscope data and individual economic levels are needed. This study yields quantitative results, provides policymakers and urban planners with a theoretical support for building resilient and sustainable human settlements, and promotes the translation of research findings from public health to environmental planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Patrick W C Lau
- Department of Sport, Physical Education & Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Exercise Science and Health, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China.,School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Gao
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China.,Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jieyu Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing, China
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Wang L, Yang L, Wei B, Li H, Cai H, Huang J, Yuan X. Incorporating Exercise Efficiency to Evaluate the Accessibility and Capacity of Medical Resources in Tibet, China. CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE 2022; 33:175-188. [PMID: 36405373 PMCID: PMC9641690 DOI: 10.1007/s11769-022-1321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Accessibility and capacity of medical resources are key for the health care and emergency response, while the efficiency of the medical resources is very much limited by hypoxia in Tibet, China. Through introducing exercise efficiency, this study explores the accessibility of township residence to county-ship medical resources in Tibet using weighted mean travel time (WMT), and evaluates the medical capacity accordingly. The results show that: 1) the average travel time of township residence to county-level hospital is around 2 h by motor vehicle in Tibet. More than half of the population can not reach the county-ship hospital within 1 h, 33.24% of the population can not reach within 2 h, and 3.75% of the population can not reach within 6 h. 2) When considering the catchment of the medical resources and the population size, the WMT of the county-ship medical resources ranges from 0.25 h to 10.92 h. 3) After adjusted by travel time and exercise efficiency, the county-ship medical capacity became more unequal, with 38 out of 74 counties could not meet the national guideline of 1.8 medical beds per 1000. 4) In total, there are 17 counties with good WMT and sufficient medical resources, while 13 counties having very high WMT and low capacity of medical resources in Tibet. In the end, suggestions on medical resources relocation and to improve the capacity are provided. This study provides a method to incorporate exercise efficiency to access the accessibility and evaluate medical capacity that can be applied in high altitude ranges. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s11769-022-1321-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Binggan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hairong Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Jixia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Xing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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3
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Recchia D, Perignon M, Rollet P, Vonthron S, Tharrey M, Darmon N, Feuillet T, Méjean C. Associations between retail food environment and the nutritional quality of food purchases in French households: The Mont’Panier cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267639. [PMID: 35476754 PMCID: PMC9045620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess whether the retail food environment, measured by multiple indicators around the home and in activity space, was associated with the nutritional quality of food purchases. Methods This cross-sectional study included 462 households from a quota sampling survey conducted in the south of France (Montpellier Metropolitan Area). The revised Healthy Purchase Index was implemented in order to assess the nutritional quality of food purchases. Food environment indicators (presence, number, relative density and proximity of food outlets) were calculated around the home and in activity space using a geographical information system. Six different types of food outlets were studied: supermarkets, markets, greengrocers, bakeries, other specialized food stores (butcher’s, fishmonger’s and dairy stores) and small grocery stores. Associations between food environment and the nutritional quality of food purchases were assessed using multilevel models, and geographically weighted regressions to account for spatial non-stationarity. Models were adjusted for households’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Results The nutritional quality of food purchases was positively associated with the number of greengrocers around the home (1 vs. 0: β = 0.25, 95%CI = [0.01, 0.49]; >1 vs. 0: β = 0.25, 95%CI = [0.00, 0.50]), but negatively associated with the number of markets around the home (1 vs. 0: β = -0.20, 95%CI = [-0.40, 0.00]; >1 vs. 0: β = -0.37, 95%CI = [-0.69, -0.06]). These associations varied across space in the area studied. For lower income households, the number of greengrocers in activity space was positively associated with the nutritional quality of food purchases (1 vs. 0: β = 0.70, 95%CI = [0.12, 1.3]; >1 vs. 0: β = 0.67, 95%CI = [0.22, 1.1]). Conclusions Greengrocers might be an effective type of food store for promoting healthier dietary behaviors. Further studies, particularly interventional studies, are needed to confirm these results in order to guide public health policies in actions designed to improve the food environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Recchia
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Marlène Perignon
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascaline Rollet
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Simon Vonthron
- INNOVATION, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Tharrey
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicole Darmon
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Feuillet
- University Paris 8, LADYSS, UMR 7533 CNRS, Saint-Denis, France
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Inserm, Inrae, Cnam, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, Bobigny, France
| | - Caroline Méjean
- MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
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Pulling Kuhn A, Cockerham A, O’Reilly N, Bustad J, Miranda V, Loboda TV, Black MM, Hager ER. Home and Neighborhood Physical Activity Location Availability among African American Adolescent Girls Living in Low-Income, Urban Communities: Associations with Objectively Measured Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18095003. [PMID: 34065051 PMCID: PMC8125901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18095003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Based on the ecological model of active living, the neighborhood environment may relate to individual physical activity (PA) behaviors. The purposes of this study were to (1) generate a replicable neighborhood-level physical activity location availability score (PALAS) from data variables associated with physical activity among adolescents and adults, and apply this score to Baltimore City, Maryland, and (2) determine if relationships exist between PA and PA location availability. Geographic information systems (GISs) were used to create the PALAS. Using linear regression models, we examined relations between objectively measured PA among low-income, urban, predominantly African American adolescent girls (n = 555, 2009-2012 data collection), and the PALAS rating of their neighborhood environment (neighborhood PALAS) and their home neighborhood area (PALAS variables/subcomponents within 0.25 miles of the home). A PALAS map of the study area was created, illustrating neighborhoods varying in availability and variety of PA locations. After adjusting for confounders, a higher neighborhood PALAS (β = 0.10, p = 0.041) and the presence of a recreation center in the home neighborhood area (β = 0.46, p = 0.011) were associated with more minutes per day spent in moderate to vigorous PA. Policy makers and stakeholders should consider increasing access to PA locations as a strategy to promote PA among adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Pulling Kuhn
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Alexandra Cockerham
- Cartographic Products and Services Branch, U.S. Census Bureau, Suitland, MD 20746, USA;
| | - Nicole O’Reilly
- School of Social Work, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA;
| | - Jacob Bustad
- Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, MD 21204, USA;
| | - Victor Miranda
- Baltimore City Department of Recreation and Parks, Baltimore, MD 21217, USA;
| | - Tatiana V. Loboda
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 21043, USA;
| | - Maureen M. Black
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (M.M.B.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Erin R. Hager
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.P.K.); (M.M.B.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(410)-706-0213
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Mei K, Huang H, Xia F, Hong A, Chen X, Zhang C, Qiu G, Chen G, Wang Z, Wang C, Yang B, Xiao Q, Jia P. State-of-the-art of measures of the obesogenic environment for children. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 1:e13093. [PMID: 32725754 PMCID: PMC7988549 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Various measures of the obesogenic environment have been proposed and used in childhood obesity research. The variety of measures poses methodological challenges to designing new research because methodological characteristics integral to developing the measures vary across studies. A systematic review has been conducted to examine the associations between different levels of obesogenic environmental measures (objective or perceived) and childhood obesity. The review includes all articles published in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus by 31 December 2018. A total of 339 associations in 101 studies have been identified from 18 countries, of which 78 are cross-sectional. Overall, null associations are predominant. Among studies with non-null associations, negative relationships between healthy food outlets in residential neighbourhoods and childhood obesity is found in seven studies; positive associations between unhealthy food outlets and childhood obesity are found in eight studies, whereas negative associations are found in three studies. Measures of recreational or physical activity facilities around the participants' home are also negatively correlated to childhood obesity in nine out of 15 studies. Results differ by the types of measurement, environmental indicators and geographic units used to characterize obesogenic environments in residential and school neighbourhoods. To improve the study quality and compare reported findings, a reporting standard for spatial epidemiological research should be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Mei
- Health Assessment Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Health Assessment Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Xia
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Andy Hong
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ge Qiu
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Health Assessment Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Lipids Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peng Jia
- Health Assessment Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Hong Kong, China.,Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.,Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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6
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Jia P, Luo M, Li Y, Zheng JS, Xiao Q, Luo J. Fast-food restaurant, unhealthy eating, and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 1:e12944. [PMID: 31507064 PMCID: PMC7988557 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Excessive access to fast-food restaurants (FFRs) in the neighbourhood is thought to be a risk factor for childhood obesity by discouraging healthful dietary behaviours while encouraging the exposure to unhealthful food venues and hence the compensatory intake of unhealthy food option. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for articles published until 1 January 2019 that analysed the association between access to FFRs and weight-related behaviours and outcomes among children aged younger than 18. Sixteen cohort studies and 71 cross-sectional studies conducted in 14 countries were identified. While higher FFR access was not associated with weight-related behaviours (eg, dietary quality score and frequency of food consumption) in most studies, it was commonly associated with more fast-food consumption. Despite that, insignificant results were observed for all meta-analyses conducted by different measures of FFR access in the neighbourhood and weight-related outcomes, although 17 of 39 studies reported positive associations when using overweight/obesity as the outcome. This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed a rather mixed relationship between FFR access and weight-related behaviours/outcomes among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jia
- Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.,International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), the Netherlands
| | - Miyang Luo
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), the Netherlands.,Department of Reproductive Immunology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yamei Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ju-Sheng Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), the Netherlands.,Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jiayou Luo
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), the Netherlands.,Department of Maternal and Child Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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7
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Liu Y, Wang X, Zhou S, Wu W. The association between spatial access to physical activity facilities within home and workplace neighborhoods and time spent on physical activities: evidence from Guangzhou, China. Int J Health Geogr 2020; 19:22. [PMID: 32563255 PMCID: PMC7305624 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-020-00216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban residents from the developing world have increasingly adopted a sedentary lifestyle and spend less time on physical activities (PA). Previous studies on the association between PA facilities and individuals' PA levels are based on the assumption that individuals have opportunities to use PA facilities within neighborhoods all day long, ignoring the fact that their willingness and opportunities to use nearby facilities depend on how much discretionary time (any time when people have a choice what to do) they have. Further, scant attention has been paid to the influence of PA facilities within both residential and workplace neighborhoods in the dense urban context. To address the above research gaps, this study investigated the links between the spatial access to PA facilities within home/workplace neighborhoods and time spent on PA among working adults, focusing on whether results were different when different measures of accessibility were used and whether participants' discretionary time over a week affected their time spent on PA. METHOD This study used data from a questionnaire survey (n = 1002) in Guangzhou between June and July 2017 and point of interest (POI) data from online mapping resources. Outcome variables included the amount of time spent on physical activity/moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity (PA/MVPA) over the past week. Home/workplace neighborhoods were measured as different distance buffers (500 m circular buffers, 1000 m circular buffers, and 1080 m network buffers) around each respondent's home/workplace. Spatial access to PA facilities was measured using two indicators: the counts of PA facilities and proximity to PA facilities within home/workplace neighborhoods. The amount of discretionary time was calculated based on activity log data of working day/weekend day from the Guangzhou questionnaire survey, and regression models were used to examine relationships between the spatial access of PA facilities, the time spent on PA/MVPA, and the amount of discretionary time, adjusted for covariates. Associations were stratified by gender, age, education, and income. RESULTS Using different measures of accessibility (the counts of and proximity to PA facilities) generated different results. Specifically, participants spent more time on PA/MVPA when they lived in neighborhoods with more PA facilities and spent more time on MVPA when worked in closer proximity to PA facilities. A larger amount of discretionary time was associated with more time spent on PA/MVPA, but it did not strengthen the relationship between access to PA facilities and PA/MVPA time. In addition, relationships between access to PA facilities and PA levels varied by gender, age, education, and income. CONCLUSION This study contributes to the knowledge of PA-promoting environments by considering both the home and workplace contexts and by taking into account the temporal attributes of contextual influences. Policymakers and urban planners are advised to take into account the workplace context and the temporal variability of neighborhood influences when allocating public PA facilities and public spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Xiaoge Wang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Suhong Zhou
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- College of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
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8
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Asefi A, Ghanbarpour Nosrati A. The spatial justice in the distribution of built outdoor sports facilities. JOURNAL OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/jfm-09-2019-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Sports facilities can play a vital role in encouraging physical activity and sport. Also, just the distribution of sports facilities is very important for better access to these facilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate spatial justice in the distribution of built outdoor sports facilities in the city of Isfahan, Iran and provide insight for planning in terms of equitable accessibility.
Design/methodology/approach
All facilities located in the 15 areas of the city, whether private or public, built for the purpose of physical activity and sports programs were considered in this study (107 cases). To obtain information on the locations of the outdoor sports facilities, Isfahan Atlas data, which has been compiled by Isfahan Municipality was used. Arc geographic information systems environment and its different algorithms were also used to perform different calculations and prepare maps.
Findings
The results indicated the unfair distribution of built outdoor sports facilities in the city of Isfahan in terms of spatial justice based on the number of built outdoor sports facilities in each area, the population, land area, population density and the spatial pattern of the facilities.
Practical implications
In this regard, urban authorities and sport managers should make an effort to decrease or obviate inequity in access to outdoor sports facilities for the purpose of promoting participation in physical activity and sport and providing residents with numerous other benefits.
Originality/value
This paper has concluded that spatial justice in the distribution of built outdoor sports facilities for the improvement of access to these facilities is very important.
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9
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Wang Y, Jia P, Cheng X, Xue H. Improvement in food environments may help prevent childhood obesity: Evidence from a 9-year cohort study. Pediatr Obes 2019; 14:e12536. [PMID: 31148419 PMCID: PMC6771845 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of food environments (FEs) on childhood obesity are mixed. OBJECTIVES To examine the association of residential FEs with childhood obesity and variation of the association across gender and urbanicity. METHODS We used the US Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort data, with 9440 kindergarteners followed up from 1998 to 2007. The Dun and Bradstreet commercial datasets in 1998 and 2007 were used to construct 12 FE measures of children, ie, changes in the food outlet mix and density of supermarkets, convenience stores, full-service restaurants, fast-food restaurants, retail bakery, dairy-product stores, health/dietetic food stores, confectionery stores, fruit/vegetable markets, meat/fish markets, and beverage stores. Two-level mixed-effect and cluster robust logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations. RESULTS Decreased exposures to full-service restaurants, retail bakeries, fruit/vegetable markets, and beverage stores were generally obesogenic, while decreased exposure to dairy-product stores was generally obesoprotective; the magnitude and statistical significance of these associations varied by gender and urbanicity of residence. Higher obesity risk was associated with increased exposure to full-service restaurants among girls, and with decreased exposures to fruit/vegetable markets in urban children, to beverage stores in suburban children, and to health/dietetic food stores in rural children. Mixed findings existed between genders on the associations of fruit/vegetable markets with child weight status. CONCLUSION In the United States, exposure to different FEs seemed to lead to different childhood obesity risks during 1998 to 2007; the association varied across gender and urbanicity. This study has important implications for future urban design and community-based interventions in fighting the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfa Wang
- Systems‐Oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, Fisher Institute of Health and Well‐Being, College of HealthBall State UniversityMuncieIndiana,Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of HealthBall State UniversityMuncieIndiana
| | - Peng Jia
- GeoHealth Initiative, Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo‐information Science and Earth Observation (ITC)University of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands,International Initiative on Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE)
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of GeographyUniversity at Buffalo, The State University of New YorkBuffaloNew York
| | - Hong Xue
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, School of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginia
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10
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Shrestha S, Kestens Y, Thomas F, El Aarbaoui T, Chaix B. Spatial access to sport facilities from the multiple places visited and sport practice: Assessing and correcting biases related to selective daily mobility. Soc Sci Med 2019; 236:112406. [PMID: 31336218 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies investigating the association between spatial accessibility to environmental resources from the various places a person visits during daily activities and use of corresponding resources often do not account for potential biases related to selective daily mobility. This bias occurs when accessibility is also measured from places intentionally visited to access the resources of interest. The aim of this study was to examine associations between spatial accessibility to sports facilities from multiple places and sport practice while addressing the selective daily mobility bias. METHODS The second wave of the RECORD Cohort was used to examine the relationship between the spatial accessibility to sport facilities and the practice of three sport categories (swimming, racket, and team sports), using multilevel linear probability models (n = 5327 participants) adjusted for individual and contextual characteristics. Street network distance to the nearest sport facility was considered as a measure of spatial accessibility [from the residence; from the residence and workplace; from all visited locations (full activity space), biased; and from all locations excluded those visited for sports (truncated activity space), corrected]. RESULTS The residential and residential-workplace accessibility to facilities was not associated with sport practice. The spatial accessibility to facilities from all places visited (full activity space) was associated with the practice of the three categories of sports (biased relationships). After correcting the bias (truncated activity space), the strength of the relationships was markedly reduced. An association remained only for swimming sports. CONCLUSION This study underlines the need to account for selective daily mobility bias when determining spatial accessibility to resources from the various places visited. Such bias, if not addressed, may result in overestimated associations between spatial accessibility and use, leading to potentially erroneous conclusions in terms of planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samjhana Shrestha
- Inserm, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Nemesis Team, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Univ Paris 06, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Nemesis Team, Paris, France; School of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; EHESP School of Public Health, Paris, France.
| | - Yan Kestens
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, The University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Frédérique Thomas
- Centre d'Investigations Préventives et Cliniques, 6 rue La Pérouse, 75116 Paris, France
| | - Tarik El Aarbaoui
- Inserm, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Nemesis Team, Paris, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- Inserm, UMR-S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Nemesis Team, Paris, France
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11
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Jia P, Xue H, Cheng X, Wang Y. Effects of school neighborhood food environments on childhood obesity at multiple scales: a longitudinal kindergarten cohort study in the USA. BMC Med 2019; 17:99. [PMID: 31117993 PMCID: PMC6532159 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-019-1329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND School neighborhood food environment is recognized as an important contributor to childhood obesity; however, large-scale and longitudinal studies remain limited. This study aimed to examine this association and its variation across gender and urbanicity at multiple geographic scales. METHODS We used the US nationally representative Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten cohort data and included 7530 kindergarteners followed up from 1998 to 2007. The Census, road network, and Dun and Bradstreet commercial datasets were used to construct time-varying measurements of 11 types of food outlet within 800-m straight-line and road-network buffer zones of schools and school ZIP codes, including supermarket, convenience store, full-service restaurant, fast-food restaurant, retail bakery, dairy product store, health/dietetic food store, candy store, fruit/vegetable market, meat/fish market, and beverage store. Two-level mixed-effect and cluster-robust logistic regression models were performed to examine the association. RESULTS A higher body mass index (BMI) in 2007 was observed among children experiencing an increase of convenience stores in school neighborhoods during 1998-2007 (β = 0.39, p < 0.05), especially among girls (β = 0.50) and urban schoolchildren (β = 0.41), as well as among children with a decrease of dairy product stores (β = 0.39, p < 0.05), especially among boys (β = 1.86) and urban schoolchildren (β = 0.92). The higher obesity risk was associated with the increase of fast-food restaurants in urban schoolchildren (OR = 1.27 [95% CI = 1.02-1.59]) and of convenience stores in girls (OR = 1.41 [95% CI = 1.09-1.82]) and non-urban schoolchildren (OR = 1.60 [95% CI = 1.10-2.33]). The increase of full-service restaurants was related to lower obesity risk in boys (OR = 0.74 [95% CI = 0.57-0.95]). The decrease of dairy product stores was associated with the higher obesity risk (OR = 1.68 [95% CI = 1.07-2.65]), especially boys (OR = 2.92 [95% CI = 1.58-5.40]) and urban schoolchildren (OR = 1.67 [95% CI = 1.07-2.61]). The schoolchildren exposed to the decrease of meat/fish markets showed the lower obesity risk (OR = 0.57 [95% CI = 0.35-0.91]), especially urban schoolchildren (OR = 0.53 [95% CI = 0.32-0.87]). Results from analyses within 800-m straight-line buffer zones of schools were more consistent with our theory-based hypotheses than those from analyses within 800-m road-network buffer zones of schools and school ZIP codes. CONCLUSIONS National data in the USA suggest that long-term exposure to the food environment around schools could affect childhood obesity risk; this association varied across gender and urbanicity. This study has important public health implications for future school-based dietary intervention design and urban planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jia
- GeoHealth Initiative, Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500, Enschede, Netherlands. .,International Initiative on Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Enschede, Netherlands.
| | - Hong Xue
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14261, USA
| | - Youfa Wang
- Systems-Oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA. .,Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA.
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12
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Mahendra A, Polsky JY, Robitaille É, Lefebvre M, McBrien T, Minaker LM. Status report - Geographic retail food environment measures for use in public health. HEALTH PROMOTION AND CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION IN CANADA-RESEARCH POLICY AND PRACTICE 2018; 37:357-362. [PMID: 29043763 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.37.10.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Association of Public Health Epidemiologists in Ontario (APHEO) Core Indicators Work Group standardizes definitions and calculation methods for over 120 public health indicators to enhance accurate and standardized community health status reporting across public health units in Ontario. The Built Environment Subgroup is a multi-disciplinary group made up of planners, researchers, policy analysts, registered dietitians, geographic information systems (GIS) analysts and epidemiologists. The Subgroup selected and operationalized a suite of objective, standardized indicators intended to help public health units and regional health authorities assess their community retail food environments. The Subgroup proposed three indicators that use readily available data sources and GIS tools to characterize geographic access to various types of retail food outlets within neighbourhoods in urban settings. This article provides a status report on the development of these food environment indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Y Polsky
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Éric Robitaille
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Lefebvre
- Sudbury & District Health Unit, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tina McBrien
- Region of Peel Public Health, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leia M Minaker
- School of Planning, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Nathan A, Villanueva K, Rozek J, Davern M, Gunn L, Trapp G, Boulangé C, Christian H. The Role of the Built Environment on Health Across the Life Course: A Call for CollaborACTION. Am J Health Promot 2018; 32:1460-1468. [DOI: 10.1177/0890117118779463a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Jia P, Cheng X, Xue H, Wang Y. Applications of geographic information systems (GIS) data and methods in obesity-related research. Obes Rev 2017; 18:400-411. [PMID: 28165656 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Geographic information systems (GIS) data/methods offer good promise for public health programs including obesity-related research. This study systematically examined their applications and identified gaps and limitations in current obesity-related research. A systematic search of PubMed for studies published before 20 May 2016, utilizing synonyms for GIS in combination with synonyms for obesity as search terms, identified 121 studies that met our inclusion criteria. We found primary applications of GIS data/methods in obesity-related research included (i) visualization of spatial distribution of obesity and obesity-related phenomena, and basic obesogenic environmental features, and (ii) construction of advanced obesogenic environmental indicators. We found high spatial heterogeneity in obesity prevalence/risk and obesogenic environmental factors. Also, study design and characteristics varied considerably across studies because of lack of established guidance and protocols in the field, which may also have contributed to the mixed findings about environmental impacts on obesity. Existing findings regarding built environment are more robust than those regarding food environment. Applications of GIS data/methods in obesity research are still limited, and related research faces many challenges. More and better GIS data and more friendly analysis methods are needed to expand future GIS applications in obesity-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jia
- Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - X Cheng
- Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - H Xue
- Fisher Institute of Health and Well-being, Systems-oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Fisher Institute of Health and Well-being, Systems-oriented Global Childhood Obesity Intervention Program, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
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15
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Using Geographic Information Systems to measure retail food environments: Discussion of methodological considerations and a proposed reporting checklist (Geo-FERN). Health Place 2017; 44:110-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Morgan Hughey S, Kaczynski AT, Child S, Moore JB, Porter D, Hibbert J. Green and lean: Is neighborhood park and playground availability associated with youth obesity? Variations by gender, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity. Prev Med 2017; 95 Suppl:S101-S108. [PMID: 27932053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parks and park features are important for promoting physical activity and healthy weight, especially for low-income and racial/ethnic minority youth who have disproportionately high obesity rates. This study 1) examined associations between neighborhood park and playground availability and youth obesity, and 2) assessed whether these associations were moderated by youth race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). In 2013, objectively measured height and weight were collected for all 3rd-5th grade youth (n=13.469) in a southeastern US county to determine body mass index (BMI) percentiles. Enumeration and audits of the county's parks (n=103) were concurrently conducted. Neighborhood park and playground availability were calculated as the number of each facility within or intersecting each youth's Census block group. Multilevel linear regression models were utilized to examine study objectives. For boys, no main effects were detected; however, SES moderated associations such that higher park availability was associated with lower BMI percentile for low-SES youth but higher BMI percentile for high-SES youth. For girls, the number of parks and playgrounds were significantly associated with lower BMI (b=-2.2, b=-1.1, p<0.05, respectively) and race/ethnicity and SES moderated associations between playground availability and BMI percentile. Higher playground availability was associated with lower BMI percentile for White and high-SES girls but higher BMI percentile for African American and low-SES girls. Considerable variation was detected in associations between park and playground availability and youth obesity by SES and race/ethnicity, highlighting the importance of studying the intersection of these characteristics when exploring associations between built environment features and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morgan Hughey
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States.
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Stephanie Child
- Department of Sociology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Justin B Moore
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Dwayne Porter
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States
| | - James Hibbert
- Center for Research in Nutrition and Health Disparities, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States
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Lytle LA, Sokol RL. Measures of the food environment: A systematic review of the field, 2007-2015. Health Place 2017; 44:18-34. [PMID: 28135633 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have examined the relationship between the food environment and health-related outcomes, but fewer consider the integrity of measures used to assess the food environment. The present review builds on and makes comparisons with a previous review examining food environment measures and expands the previous review to include a more in depth examination of reliability and validity of measures and study designs employed. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of studies measuring the food environment published between 2007 and 2015. We identified these articles through: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Global Health databases; tables of contents of relevant journals; and the National Cancer Institute's Measures of the Food Environment website. This search yielded 11,928 citations. We retained and abstracted data from 432 studies. RESULTS The most common methodology used to study the food environment was geographic analysis (65% of articles) and the domination of this methodology has persisted since the last review. Only 25.9% of studies in this review reported the reliability of measures and 28.2% reported validity, but this was an improvement as compared to the earlier review. Very few of the studies reported construct validity. Studies reporting measures of the school or worksite environment have decreased since the previous review. Only 13.9% of the studies used a longitudinal design. CONCLUSIONS To strengthen research examining the relationship between the food environment and population health, there is a need for robust and psychometrically-sound measures and more sophisticated study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Lytle
- Department of Health Behavior, Campus Box 7440, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, United States.
| | - Rebeccah L Sokol
- Department of Health Behavior, Campus Box 7440, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7440, United States
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Choo J, Kim HJ, Park S. Neighborhood Environments: Links to Health Behaviors and Obesity Status in Vulnerable Children. West J Nurs Res 2016; 39:1169-1191. [PMID: 27753629 DOI: 10.1177/0193945916670903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the actual and perceived features of neighborhood environments linked to health behaviors and obesity status in vulnerable children by using geographic information systems, walking surveys, and focus group interviews. The participants were 126 children registered at community child centers and 10 mothers of study participants. Increased availability of fast food outlets and convenience stores was significantly and positively associated with fast food and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and inversely with physical activity. Reduced availability of physical activity outlets was significantly and positively associated with sedentary behaviors. Mothers' perceptions of their neighborhoods fell into three content categories: (a) changed to be unfriendly for children, (b) adapted to fast food and convenience eating, and (c) confined to physically inactive living. Based on these findings, community-level environmental strategies for reducing unhealthy behaviors linked to neighborhood environments should be prioritized to prevent childhood obesity in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Choo
- 1 Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Villanueva K, Badland H, Kvalsvig A, O'Connor M, Christian H, Woolcock G, Giles-Corti B, Goldfeld S. Can the Neighborhood Built Environment Make a Difference in Children's Development? Building the Research Agenda to Create Evidence for Place-Based Children's Policy. Acad Pediatr 2016; 16:10-9. [PMID: 26432681 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Healthy child development is determined by a combination of physical, social, family, individual, and environmental factors. Thus far, the majority of child development research has focused on the influence of individual, family, and school environments and has largely ignored the neighborhood context despite the increasing policy interest. Yet given that neighborhoods are the locations where children spend large periods of time outside of home and school, it is plausible the physical design of neighborhoods (built environment), including access to local amenities, can affect child development. The relatively few studies exploring this relationship support associations between child development and neighborhood destinations, green spaces, interaction with nature, traffic exposure, and housing density. These studies emphasize the need to more deeply understand how child development outcomes might be influenced by the neighborhood built environment. Pursuing this research space is well aligned with the current global movements on livable and child-friendly cities. It has direct public policy impact by informing planning policies across a range of sectors (urban design and planning, transport, public health, and pediatrics) to implement place-based interventions and initiatives that target children's health and development at the community level. We argue for the importance of exploring the effect of the neighborhood built environment on child development as a crucial first step toward informing urban design principles to help reduce developmental vulnerability in children and to set optimal child development trajectories early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Villanueva
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; McCaughey VicHealth Community Well-being Unit, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah Badland
- McCaughey VicHealth Community Well-being Unit, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda Kvalsvig
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Connor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hayley Christian
- Centre for the Built Environment and Health, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Billie Giles-Corti
- McCaughey VicHealth Community Well-being Unit, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon Goldfeld
- Centre for Community Child Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Villanueva R, Albaladejo R, Astasio P, Ortega P, Santos J, Regidor E. Socio-economic environment, area facilities and obesity and physical inactivity among children. Eur J Public Health 2015; 26:267-71. [PMID: 26578662 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether the relationship between socio-economic environment and obesity and physical inactivity in children can be explained by household socio-economic position and area facilities. METHODS Two indicators of the socio-economic context of neighbourhood of residence based on wealth and deprivation were estimated in a sample of 727 children and adolescents residents in Madrid (Spain). Multilevel logit models were used to calculate the relationship between each indicator and obesity and physical inactivity. RESULTS After adjusting for household socio-economic position, obesity prevalence was 3.79 times higher among subjects living in deprived areas than among those living in non-deprived areas (CI: 1.95-7.34), and 2.38 higher among subjects living in less wealthy areas than in those living in wealthier areas (CI: 0.85-6.65). Adjustment for the availability of retail shops in subjects' neighbourhood of residence failed to change the magnitude of the association. Neither neighbourhood socio-economic context nor availability of sports facilities was related to physical inactivity. CONCLUSION In the city of Madrid, socio-economic context of neighbourhood of residence shows an inverse relationship with obesity but not with physical inactivity among children. The relationship observed with obesity is not explained by the availability of area facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Villanueva
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Romana Albaladejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Astasio
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Ortega
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Santos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Regidor
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Albaladejo R, Villanueva R, Navalpotro L, Ortega P, Astasio P, Regidor E. Risk behaviors and sports facilities do not explain socioeconomic differences in childhood obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1181. [PMID: 25407890 PMCID: PMC4246479 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess whether the relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic context of residence and childhood obesity is explained by family socioeconomic position, risk behaviors and availability of sports facilities. Methods Based on the income and educational level of residents in the neighborhoods of the city of Madrid, two indicators of socioeconomic context were calculated using the information about income and education and grouped into quartiles. In a sample of 727 children aged 6–15 years, the relationship of these indicators with overweight and obesity was studied using multilevel logit models. Results With respect to children and adolescents living in neighborhoods having higher per capita incomes or higher population percentages with university education those living in neighborhoods having lower per capita incomes or lower population percentages with university education had age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of overweight that were 1.84 (95% CI, 1.03-3.29) and 1.68 (0.95-2.94) times higher, respectively. After adjustment for family socioeconomic position, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, these ORs fell to 1.80 (0.99-3.29) and 1.56 (0.87-2.79), respectively. In the case of obesity, the age- and sex-adjusted ORs in these quartiles of both indicators of socioeconomic context were 3.35 (1.06-10.60) and 3.29 (1.03-10.52), respectively, rising to 3.77 (1.12-12.70) and 3.42 (1.00-11.68) after adjustment for the remaining variables. The highest OR was observed in the third quartile, except in the case of the relationship between per capita income and obesity. No relationship between the number of sport facilities per 1,000 population and physical inactivity was observed. Conclusion The socioeconomic context is associated with obesity but not with overweight children in Madrid. The relationship is not explained by family socioeconomic position, risk behaviors and availability of sports facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Albaladejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Brondeel R, Weill A, Thomas F, Chaix B. Use of healthcare services in the residence and workplace neighbourhood: the effect of spatial accessibility to healthcare services. Health Place 2014; 30:127-33. [PMID: 25262490 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of spatial accessibility to healthcare services (HS) in residential and workplace neighbourhoods on the use of HS. Questionnaire data from the RECORD Study (2007-2008) were merged with administrative healthcare and geographic data. A novel method was developed to assess clustering of visits to HS around the residence/workplace. We found clustered use of HS around the workplace for few participants (11%). Commuting from suburbs to Paris and commuting distance were associated with a higher use of HS around the workplace. No associations were found between the spatial accessibility to and the use of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Brondeel
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, Paris, France
| | - Alain Weill
- Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés, 50, avenue du Professeur André Lemierre, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Thomas
- Centre d'Investigations Préventives et Cliniques, 6 rue La Pérouse, 75116 Paris, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie sociale, Paris, France
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Hinckson EA, Duncan S, Oliver M, Mavoa S, Cerin E, Badland H, Stewart T, Ivory V, McPhee J, Schofield G. Built environment and physical activity in New Zealand adolescents: a protocol for a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e004475. [PMID: 24736036 PMCID: PMC4010838 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Built-environment interventions have the potential to provide population-wide effects and the means for a sustained effect on behaviour change. Population-wide effects for adult physical activity have been shown with selected built environment attributes; however, the association between the built environment and adolescent health behaviours is less clear. This New Zealand study is part of an international project across 10 countries (International Physical Activity and the Environment Network-adolescents) that aims to characterise the links between built environment and adolescent health outcomes. METHODS AND ANALYSES An observational, cross-sectional study of the associations between measures of the built environment with physical activity, sedentary behaviour, body size and social connectedness in 1600 New Zealand adolescents aged 12-18 years will be conducted in 2013-2014. Walkability and neighbourhood destination accessibility indices will be objectively measured using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Physical activity and sedentary behaviours will be objectively measured using accelerometers over seven consecutive days. Body mass index will be calculated as weight divided by squared height. Demographics, socioeconomic status, active commuting behaviours and perceived neighbourhood walkability will be assessed using the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth and psychosocial indicators. A web-based computer-assisted personal interview tool Visualisation and Evaluation of Route Itineraries, Travel Destinations, and Activity Spaces (VERITAS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers will be used in a subsample of 300 participants. A qualitative research component will explore barriers and facilitators for physical activity in adolescents with respect to the built and social environment in a subsample of 80 participants. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study received ethical approval from the Auckland University of Technology Ethics Committee (12/161). Data will be entered and stored into a secure (password protected) database. Only the named researchers will have access to the data. Data will be stored for 10 years and permanently destroyed thereafter. The results papers will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Hinckson
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Scott Duncan
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melody Oliver
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Suzanne Mavoa
- SHORE & Whariki Research Centre, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ester Cerin
- Institute of Human Performance, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hannah Badland
- McCaughey Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tom Stewart
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vivienne Ivory
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Julia McPhee
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Grant Schofield
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Kellou N, Sandalinas F, Copin N, Simon C. Prevention of unhealthy weight in children by promoting physical activity using a socio-ecological approach: what can we learn from intervention studies? DIABETES & METABOLISM 2014; 40:258-71. [PMID: 24698814 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Our objectives was to identify the characteristics of interventions likely to successfully prevent overweight in youngsters by promoting physical activity (PA), with special focus on dimensions of the socio-ecological model of behaviour and health, and unresolved issues. METHODS This was a systematic review of population-based interventions either promoting PA or limiting sedentary behaviour in children with measure of weight status as an endpoint. The efficacy of studies was evaluated according to the levels of PA determinants in the socio-ecological model (individual, interpersonal, institutional environment, community) targeted by the interventions. RESULTS A total of 54 studies met our inclusion criteria, most of them published within the last 5 years and targeting children aged 6-12 years. Twenty-three interventions targeted individual and/or interpersonal PA determinants only; 26 targeted determinants at three or four levels with at least one environment component at the institutional level; and five were multilevel community-based interventions. Our review indicated that programmes targeting PA determinants at the different levels of the socio-ecological model, including the social and organizational/built environments, had the greatest potential for preventing obesity in youngsters. Targeting various facets of PA, including everyday PA, might represent another key element for program efficacy on weight status. CONCLUSION Data regarding the efficacy of comprehensive PA interventions that simultaneously address individual attitudes and skills, the social context, and the environment, to prevent overweight in children are encouraging. Further studies are needed to evaluate the maintenance of the effects and whether such strategies apply to young children and older adolescents, and to different cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kellou
- CarMeN, Inserm U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA U1235, 69600 Oullins, France
| | - F Sandalinas
- CRNH-Rhône Alpes and CENS, University Hospital of Lyon, 69600 Oullins, France
| | - N Copin
- CRNH-Rhône Alpes and CENS, University Hospital of Lyon, 69600 Oullins, France
| | - C Simon
- CarMeN, Inserm U1060, University of Lyon 1, INRA U1235, 69600 Oullins, France; CRNH-Rhône Alpes and CENS, University Hospital of Lyon, 69600 Oullins, France.
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A socio-ecological approach promoting physical activity and limiting sedentary behavior in adolescence showed weight benefits maintained 2.5 years after intervention cessation. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014; 38:936-43. [PMID: 24509504 PMCID: PMC4088336 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Obesity in youth remains a major public health issue. Yet no effective long-term preventive strategy exists. We previously showed that a school-based socio-ecological approach targeting behavior and social/environmental influences on physical activity (PA) prevented 4-year excessive weight gain in 12-year olds. In this study, we investigated if this efficacy persists 30 months after intervention cessation. Methods and Findings: The program targeted students, family, school and the living environment to promote/support PA and prevent sedentary behavior (SB). A total of 732 students from eight randomized middle schools completed the 4-year trial. At the 30-month post-trial follow-up, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), leisure PA (LPA), home/school/workplace active commuting, TV/video time (TVT), and attitudes toward PA were measured in 531 adolescents. The beneficial effects of the intervention on the excess BMI increase (+0.01 vs +0.34 kg m−2 in the intervention and control groups, respectively) and on the overweight incidence in initially non-overweight students (4.3% vs 8.6% odds ratio=0.48 (95% confidence interval: 0.23–1.01)) were maintained at the post-trial follow-up. LPA was not maintained at the level achieved during the trial. However, we still observed a prevention of the age-related decrease of the adolescents' percentage reporting regular LPA (−14.4% vs −26.5%) and a higher intention to exercise in the intervention group. The intervention promoted lower TVT (−14.0 vs +13.6 min per day) and higher active commuting changes (+11.7% vs −4.8%). Trends in higher BMI reduction in students with high initial TVT and in the least wealthy group were noted. TVT changes throughout the follow-up predicted excess BMI and FMI changes. Conclusions: Long-term multilevel approach targeting PA and SB prevents excessive weight gain up to 30 months after intervention cessation. The efficacy may be higher in the most sedentary and least wealthy adolescents. Healthy PA-related behavior inducing long-lasting weight effects can be promoted in youth providing that an ecological approach is introduced in the prevention strategy.
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Darmon N, Carlin G. Alimentation et inégalités sociales de santé en France. CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cnd.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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