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Anand U, Bandyopadhyay A, Jha NK, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Dey A. Translational aspect in peptide drug discovery and development: An emerging therapeutic candidate. Biofactors 2022; 49:251-269. [PMID: 36326181 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been used as the main target for drug development. However, with larger or superficial binding sites, it has been extremely difficult to disrupt PPIs with small molecules. On the other hand, intracellular PPIs cannot be targeted by antibodies that cannot penetrate the cell membrane. Peptides that have a combination of conformational rigidity and flexibility can be used to target difficult binding interfaces with appropriate binding affinity and specificity. Since the introduction of insulin nearly a century ago, more than 80 peptide drugs have been approved to treat a variety of diseases. These include deadly diseases such as cancer and human immunodeficiency virus infection. It is also useful against diabetes, chronic pain, and osteoporosis. Today, more research is being done on these drugs as lessons learned from earlier approaches, which are still valid today, complement newer approaches such as peptide display libraries. At the same time, integrated genomics and peptide display libraries are new strategies that open new avenues for peptide drug discovery. The purpose of this review is to examine the problems in elucidating the peptide-protein recognition mechanism. This is important to develop peptide-based interventions that interfere with endogenous protein interactions. New approaches are being developed to improve the binding affinity and specificity of existing approaches and to develop peptide agents as potentially useful drugs. We also highlight the key challenges that must be overcome in peptide drug development to realize their potential and provide an overview of recent trends in peptide drug development. In addition, we take an in-depth look at early efforts in human hormone discovery, smart medicinal chemistry and design, natural peptide drugs, and breakthrough advances in molecular biology and peptide chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - José M Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA-CSIC, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Therapeutic peptides: current applications and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:48. [PMID: 35165272 PMCID: PMC8844085 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 218.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide drug development has made great progress in the last decade thanks to new production, modification, and analytic technologies. Peptides have been produced and modified using both chemical and biological methods, together with novel design and delivery strategies, which have helped to overcome the inherent drawbacks of peptides and have allowed the continued advancement of this field. A wide variety of natural and modified peptides have been obtained and studied, covering multiple therapeutic areas. This review summarizes the efforts and achievements in peptide drug discovery, production, and modification, and their current applications. We also discuss the value and challenges associated with future developments in therapeutic peptides.
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Ramms DJ, Raimondi F, Arang N, Herberg FW, Taylor SS, Gutkind JS. G αs-Protein Kinase A (PKA) Pathway Signalopathies: The Emerging Genetic Landscape and Therapeutic Potential of Human Diseases Driven by Aberrant G αs-PKA Signaling. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:155-197. [PMID: 34663687 PMCID: PMC11060502 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the fundamental concepts of signal transduction and kinase activity are attributed to the discovery and crystallization of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, or protein kinase A. PKA is one of the best-studied kinases in human biology, with emphasis in biochemistry and biophysics, all the way to metabolism, hormone action, and gene expression regulation. It is surprising, however, that our understanding of PKA's role in disease is largely underappreciated. Although genetic mutations in the PKA holoenzyme are known to cause diseases such as Carney complex, Cushing syndrome, and acrodysostosis, the story largely stops there. With the recent explosion of genomic medicine, we can finally appreciate the broader role of the Gαs-PKA pathway in disease, with contributions from aberrant functioning G proteins and G protein-coupled receptors, as well as multiple alterations in other pathway components and negative regulators. Together, these represent a broad family of diseases we term the Gαs-PKA pathway signalopathies. The Gαs-PKA pathway signalopathies encompass diseases caused by germline, postzygotic, and somatic mutations in the Gαs-PKA pathway, with largely endocrine and neoplastic phenotypes. Here, we present a signaling-centric review of Gαs-PKA-driven pathophysiology and integrate computational and structural analysis to identify mutational themes commonly exploited by the Gαs-PKA pathway signalopathies. Major mutational themes include hotspot activating mutations in Gαs, encoded by GNAS, and mutations that destabilize the PKA holoenzyme. With this review, we hope to incite further study and ultimately the development of new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of a wide range of human diseases. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Little recognition is given to the causative role of Gαs-PKA pathway dysregulation in disease, with effects ranging from infectious disease, endocrine syndromes, and many cancers, yet these disparate diseases can all be understood by common genetic themes and biochemical signaling connections. By highlighting these common pathogenic mechanisms and bridging multiple disciplines, important progress can be made toward therapeutic advances in treating Gαs-PKA pathway-driven disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana J Ramms
- Department of Pharmacology (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (S.S.T.), and Moores Cancer Center (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy (F.R.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany (F.W.H.)
| | - Francesco Raimondi
- Department of Pharmacology (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (S.S.T.), and Moores Cancer Center (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy (F.R.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany (F.W.H.)
| | - Nadia Arang
- Department of Pharmacology (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (S.S.T.), and Moores Cancer Center (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy (F.R.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany (F.W.H.)
| | - Friedrich W Herberg
- Department of Pharmacology (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (S.S.T.), and Moores Cancer Center (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy (F.R.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany (F.W.H.)
| | - Susan S Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (S.S.T.), and Moores Cancer Center (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy (F.R.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany (F.W.H.)
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Department of Pharmacology (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (S.S.T.), and Moores Cancer Center (D.J.R., N.A., J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy (F.R.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany (F.W.H.)
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Lee J, Moon H, Lee H, Oh Y, Kim C, Lee YH, Kim MS, NamKoong C, Lee HW, Kim JH, Choi HJ. Antagonistic interaction between central glucagon-like Peptide-1 and oxytocin on diet-induced obesity mice. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05190. [PMID: 33088957 PMCID: PMC7557924 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), whose agonists are widely prescribed, is a peptide proven effective in reducing obesity. Similarly, oxytocin (OXT) is a peptide known to increase satiety and help reduce body weight. In the present study, we aimed to examine the metabolic effects of co-administration of GLP-1 and OXT in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice to elucidate their functions and interactions in the central nervous system. To this end, 40 DIO mice were subjected to stereotaxic surgery for the installation of an osmotic minipump and intracerebroventricular administration of GLP-1, OXT, or both. Initially, it was anticipated that co-administration of these anorexigenic peptides would be as effective as, if not more than, either GLP-1 or OXT alone in providing metabolic benefits to the obese mice. Interestingly, co-administration of OXT and GLP-1 offset the reductions in body weight and food intake promoted by either peptide alone. Co-administration also negated the decrease in fat and increase in lean mass produced by either peptide alone. Moreover, co-administration showed an equivalent calorimetric benefit as either peptide alone. Therefore, these results suggest antagonistic, rather than synergistic or additive, effects of centrally administered GLP-1 and OXT that attenuate the metabolic benefits of either peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Lee
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneul Moon
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunkyeong Oh
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeon Kim
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cherl NamKoong
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Won Lee
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Choi
- Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Functional Neuroanatomy of Metabolism Regulation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ibeanu N, Egbu R, Onyekuru L, Javaheri H, Tee Khaw P, R. Williams G, Brocchini S, Awwad S. Injectables and Depots to Prolong Drug Action of Proteins and Peptides. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E999. [PMID: 33096803 PMCID: PMC7589296 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins and peptides have emerged in recent years to treat a wide range of multifaceted diseases such as cancer, diabetes and inflammation. The emergence of polypeptides has yielded advancements in the fields of biopharmaceutical production and formulation. Polypeptides often display poor pharmacokinetics, limited permeability across biological barriers, suboptimal biodistribution, and some proclivity for immunogenicity. Frequent administration of polypeptides is generally required to maintain adequate therapeutic levels, which can limit efficacy and compliance while increasing adverse reactions. Many strategies to increase the duration of action of therapeutic polypeptides have been described with many clinical products having been developed. This review describes approaches to optimise polypeptide delivery organised by the commonly used routes of administration. Future innovations in formulation may hold the key to the continued successful development of proteins and peptides with optimal clinical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkiruka Ibeanu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Raphael Egbu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Lesley Onyekuru
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Hoda Javaheri
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Peng Tee Khaw
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Steve Brocchini
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Sahar Awwad
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
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Saikia S, Bordoloi M, Sarmah R. Established and In-trial GPCR Families in Clinical Trials: A Review for Target Selection. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:522-539. [PMID: 30394207 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666181105152439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The largest family of drug targets in clinical trials constitute of GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors) which accounts for about 34% of FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved drugs acting on 108 unique GPCRs. Factors such as readily identifiable conserved motif in structures, 127 orphan GPCRs despite various de-orphaning techniques, directed functional antibodies for validation as drug targets, etc. has widened their therapeutic windows. The availability of 44 crystal structures of unique receptors, unexplored non-olfactory GPCRs (encoded by 50% of the human genome) and 205 ligand receptor complexes now present a strong foundation for structure-based drug discovery and design. The growing impact of polypharmacology for complex diseases like schizophrenia, cancer etc. warrants the need for novel targets and considering the undiscriminating and selectivity of GPCRs, they can fulfill this purpose. Again, natural genetic variations within the human genome sometimes delude the therapeutic expectations of some drugs, resulting in medication response differences and ADRs (adverse drug reactions). Around ~30 billion US dollars are dumped annually for poor accounting of ADRs in the US alone. To curb such undesirable reactions, the knowledge of established and currently in clinical trials GPCRs families can offer huge understanding towards the drug designing prospects including "off-target" effects reducing economical resource and time. The druggability of GPCR protein families and critical roles played by them in complex diseases are explained. Class A, class B1, class C and class F are generally established family and GPCRs in phase I (19%), phase II(29%), phase III(52%) studies are also reviewed. From the phase I studies, frizzled receptors accounted for the highest in trial targets, neuropeptides in phase II and melanocortin in phase III studies. Also, the bioapplications for nanoparticles along with future prospects for both nanomedicine and GPCR drug industry are discussed. Further, the use of computational techniques and methods employed for different target validations are also reviewed along with their future potential for the GPCR based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surovi Saikia
- Natural Products Chemistry Group, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat-785006, Assam, India
| | - Manobjyoti Bordoloi
- Natural Products Chemistry Group, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat-785006, Assam, India
| | - Rajeev Sarmah
- Allied Health Sciences, Assam Down Town University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India
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Clough TJ, Baxan N, Coakley EJ, Rivas C, Zhao L, Leclerc I, Martinez-Sanchez A, Rutter GA, Long NJ. Synthesis and in vivo behaviour of an exendin-4-based MRI probe capable of β-cell-dependent contrast enhancement in the pancreas. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4732-4740. [PMID: 32207493 PMCID: PMC7116436 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00332h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Global rates of diabetes mellitus are increasing, and treatment of the disease consumes a growing proportion of healthcare spending across the world. Pancreatic β-cells, responsible for insulin production, decline in mass in type 1 and, to a more limited degree, in type 2 diabetes. However, the extent and rate of loss in both diseases differs between patients resulting in the need for the development of novel diagnostic tools, which could quantitatively assess changes in mass of β-cells over time and potentially lead to earlier diagnosis and improved treatments. Exendin-4, a potent analogue of glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1), binds to the receptor GLP-1R, whose expression is enriched in β-cells. GLP-1R has thus been used in the past as a means of targeting probes for a wide variety of imaging modalities to the endocrine pancreas. However, exendin-4 conjugates designed specifically for MRI contrast agents are an under-explored area. In the present work, the synthesis and characterization of an exendin-4-dota(ga)-Gd(iii) complex, GdEx, is reported, along with its in vivo behaviour in healthy and in β-cell-depleted C57BL/6J mice. Compared to the ubiquitous probe, [Gd(dota)]-, GdEx shows selective uptake by the pancreas with a marked decrease in accumulation observed after the loss of β-cells elicited by deleting the microRNA processing enzyme, DICER. These results open up pathways towards the development of other targeted MRI contrast agents based on similar chemistry methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Clough
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Nicoleta Baxan
- Biological Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Emma J Coakley
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Charlotte Rivas
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Lan Zhao
- Biological Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK and National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Isabelle Leclerc
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Aida Martinez-Sanchez
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK. and Lee Kong Chain School of Medicine, Nan Yang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232 Singapore
| | - Nicholas J Long
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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Song X, Yu Y, Shen C, Wang Y, Wang N. Dimerization/oligomerization of the extracellular domain of the GLP-1 receptor and the negative cooperativity in its ligand binding revealed by the improved NanoBiT. FASEB J 2020; 34:4348-4368. [PMID: 31970836 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902007r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a family B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), regulates the insulin secretion following stimulation by ligands. The transmembrane domain (TM) mediates GLP-1R homodimerization, which modulates its ligand binding and signaling. We investigated the possible involvement of the N-terminal extracellular domain (NTD) in dimerization/oligomerization and dimer-associated ligand binding by NanoLuc Binary Technology (NanoBiT). With improved NanoBiT detection using a decreasing substrate concentration, the negative cooperativity of ligand binding to the NTD was confirmed by accelerated dissociation and Scatchard analysis. The dimerization/oligomerization of the isolated NTD was observed by NanoBiT and validated by analytical ultracentrifugation, deriving the comparable dimerization affinity (~105 M-1 ). The NTD was also involved in the dimerization/oligomerization of the full-length GLP-1R with mutated TM4 at the cellular level. In an analysis of the parameters of the NTD binding, the Kd for the probe GLP-1 (7-36, A8G) was similar (6-8 μM) in both the 1:1 binding model and the receptor dimerization model. Compared with GLP-1 and dulaglutide, exenatide showed two-site binding with Ki values of 1.4 pM and 8.7 nM. Our study indicates the involvement of NTD in the GLP-1R dimerization/oligomerization and suggests that further investigations on the role in other family B GPCRs are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Cangjie Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
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9
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Buenaventura T, Bitsi S, Laughlin WE, Burgoyne T, Lyu Z, Oqua AI, Norman H, McGlone ER, Klymchenko AS, Corrêa IR, Walker A, Inoue A, Hanyaloglu A, Grimes J, Koszegi Z, Calebiro D, Rutter GA, Bloom SR, Jones B, Tomas A. Agonist-induced membrane nanodomain clustering drives GLP-1 receptor responses in pancreatic beta cells. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000097. [PMID: 31430273 PMCID: PMC6716783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), a key pharmacological target in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, undergoes rapid endocytosis after stimulation by endogenous and therapeutic agonists. We have previously highlighted the relevance of this process in fine-tuning GLP-1R responses in pancreatic beta cells to control insulin secretion. In the present study, we demonstrate an important role for the translocation of active GLP-1Rs into liquid-ordered plasma membrane nanodomains, which act as hotspots for optimal coordination of intracellular signaling and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. This process is dynamically regulated by agonist binding through palmitoylation of the GLP-1R at its carboxyl-terminal tail. Biased GLP-1R agonists and small molecule allosteric modulation both influence GLP-1R palmitoylation, clustering, nanodomain signaling, and internalization. Downstream effects on insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells indicate that these processes are relevant to GLP-1R physiological actions and might be therapeutically targetable. Nanodomain segregation and clustering of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, a key target for type 2 diabetes therapy, is regulated by agonist binding, leading to compartmentalization of downstream signaling and clathrin-dependent internalization and impacting pancreatic beta cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Buenaventura
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stavroula Bitsi
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - William E. Laughlin
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Burgoyne
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zekun Lyu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Affiong I. Oqua
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Norman
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma R. McGlone
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR CNRS 7021, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Ivan R. Corrêa
- New England Biolabs, Ipswich, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Abigail Walker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aylin Hanyaloglu
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jak Grimes
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zsombor Koszegi
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham and Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R. Bloom
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Jones
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AT); (BJ)
| | - Alejandra Tomas
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AT); (BJ)
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10
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Tapadia M, Carlessi R, Johnson S, Utikar R, Newsholme P. Lupin seed hydrolysate promotes G-protein-coupled receptor, intracellular Ca 2+ and enhanced glycolytic metabolism-mediated insulin secretion from BRIN-BD11 pancreatic beta cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 480:83-96. [PMID: 30347229 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lupin seed proteins have been reported to exhibit hypoglycaemic effects in animals and humans following oral administration, however little is known about its mechanism of action. This study investigated the signalling pathway(s) responsible for the insulinotropic effect of the hydrolysate obtained from lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) seed extracts utilizing BRIN-BD11 β-cells. The extract was treated with digestive enzymes to give a hydrolysate rich in biomolecules ≤7 kDa. Cells exhibited hydrolysate induced dose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion and enhanced intracellular Ca2+ and glucose metabolism. The stimulatory effect of the hydrolysate was potentiated by depolarizing concentrations of KCl and was blocked by inhibitors of the ATP sensitive K+ channel, Gαq protein, phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC). These findings reveal a novel mechanism for lupin hydrolysate stimulated insulin secretion via Gαq mediated signal transduction (Gαq/PLC/PKC) in the β-cells. Thus, lupin hydrolysates may have potential for nutraceutical treatment in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunmai Tapadia
- Western Australia School of Mines (WASM): Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Carlessi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.
| | - Stuart Johnson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Ranjeet Utikar
- Western Australia School of Mines (WASM): Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Philip Newsholme
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute Biosciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.
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11
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Henninot A, Collins JC, Nuss JM. The Current State of Peptide Drug Discovery: Back to the Future? J Med Chem 2017; 61:1382-1414. [PMID: 28737935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 638] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, peptide drug discovery has experienced a revival of interest and scientific momentum, as the pharmaceutical industry has come to appreciate the role that peptide therapeutics can play in addressing unmet medical needs and how this class of compounds can be an excellent complement or even preferable alternative to small molecule and biological therapeutics. In this Perspective, we give a concise description of the recent progress in peptide drug discovery in a holistic manner, highlighting enabling technological advances affecting nearly every aspect of this field: from lead discovery, to synthesis and optimization, to peptide drug delivery. An emphasis is placed on describing research efforts to overcome the inherent weaknesses of peptide drugs, in particular their poor pharmacokinetic properties, and how these efforts have been critical to the discovery, design, and subsequent development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Henninot
- Ferring Research Institute , 4245 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - James C Collins
- Ferring Research Institute , 4245 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - John M Nuss
- Ferring Research Institute , 4245 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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