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Phinyo K, Ruangrit K, Pekkoh J, Tragoolpua Y, Kaewkod T, Duangjan K, Pumas C, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Pathom-aree W, Gu W, Wang G, Srinuanpan S. Naturally Occurring Functional Ingredient from Filamentous Thermophilic Cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. KC45: Phytochemical Characterizations and Their Multiple Bioactivities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122437. [PMID: 36552645 PMCID: PMC9774153 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are rich in phytochemicals, which have beneficial impacts on the prevention of many diseases. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize phytochemicals and evaluate multifunctional bioactivities in the ethanolic extract of the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. KC45. Results found that the extract mainly contained chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids. Through LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis, 38 phenolic compounds with promising bioactivities were discovered, and a higher diversity of flavonoids was found among the phenolic compounds identified. The extract effectively absorbed the harmful UV rays and showed high antioxidant activity on DPPH, ABTS, and PFRAP. The extract yielded high-efficiency inhibitory effects on enzymes (tyrosinase, collagenase, ACE, and α-glucosidase) related to diseases. Interestingly, the extract showed a strong cytotoxic effect on cancer cells (skin A375, lung A549, and colon Caco-2), but had a much smaller effect on normal cells, indicating a satisfactory level of safety for the extract. More importantly, the combination of the DNA ladder assay and the TUNEL assay proved the appearance of DNA fragmentation in cancer cells after a 48 h treatment with the extract, confirming the apoptosis mechanisms. Our findings suggest that cyanobacterium extract could be potentially used as a functional ingredient for various industrial applications in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittiya Phinyo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Khomsan Ruangrit
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jeeraporn Pekkoh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Yingmanee Tragoolpua
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thida Kaewkod
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kritsana Duangjan
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayakorn Pumas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Suwannarach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wasu Pathom-aree
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wenhui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Guangce Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Sirasit Srinuanpan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (J.P.); (S.S.)
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2
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Pinevich AV, Averina SG. On the Edge of the Rainbow: Red-Shifted Chlorophylls and Far-Red Light Photoadaptation in Cyanobacteria. Microbiology (Reading) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261722602019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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3
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wei W, Wang M, Jia S, Yang M, Ge F. Proteomic analysis of the regulatory networks of ClpX in a model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994056. [PMID: 36247581 PMCID: PMC9560874 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is tightly regulated by protein quality control systems such as chaperones and proteases. In cyanobacteria, the ClpXP proteolytic complex is regarded as a representative proteolytic system and consists of a hexameric ATPase ClpX and a tetradecameric peptidase ClpP. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of ClpX in cyanobacteria remain unclear. This study aimed to decipher the unique contributions and regulatory networks of ClpX in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (hereafter Synechocystis). We showed that the interruption of clpX led to slower growth, decreased high light tolerance, and impaired photosynthetic cyclic electron transfer. A quantitative proteomic strategy was employed to globally identify ClpX-regulated proteins in Synechocystis cells. In total, we identified 172 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) upon the interruption of clpX. Functional analysis revealed that these DEPs are involved in diverse biological processes, including glycolysis, nitrogen assimilation, photosynthetic electron transport, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and two-component signal transduction. The expression of 24 DEPs was confirmed by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis. In particular, many hypothetical or unknown proteins were found to be regulated by ClpX, providing new candidates for future functional studies on ClpX. Together, our study provides a comprehensive ClpX-regulated protein network, and the results serve as an important resource for understanding protein quality control systems in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- The Analysis and Testing Center, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuzhao Jia
- The Analysis and Testing Center, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingkun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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4
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Shen LQ, Zhang ZC, Shang JL, Li ZK, Chen M, Li R, Qiu BS. Kovacikia minuta sp. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Cyanobacteria), a new freshwater chlorophyll f-producing cyanobacterium. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2022; 58:424-435. [PMID: 35279831 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A few groups of cyanobacteria have been characterized as having far-red light photoacclimation (FaRLiP) that results from chlorophyll f (Chl f) production. In this study, using a polyphasic approach, we taxonomically transferred the Cf. Leptolyngbya sp. CCNUW1 isolated from a shaded freshwater pond, which produces Chl f under far-red light, to the genus Kovacikia and named this taxon Kovacikia minuta sp. nov. This strain was morphologically similar to Leptolyngbya-like strains. The thin filaments were purplish-brown under white light but became grass green under far-red light. The 31-gene phylogeny grouped K. minuta CCNU0001 into order Synechococcales and family Leptolyngbyaceae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences further showed that K. minuta CCNU0001 was clustered into Kovacikia with similarities of 97.2-97.4% to the recently reported type species of Kovacikia muscicola HA7619-LM3. Additionally, the internal transcribed spacer region between 16S-23S rRNA genes had a unique sequence and secondary structure compared with other Kovacikia strains and phylogenetically related taxa. Draft genome sequences of K. minuta CCNU0001 (8,564,336 bp) were assembled into one circular chromosome and two circular plasmids. A FaRLiP 20-gene cluster comprised two operons with the unique organization. In sum, K. minuta was established as a new species, and it is the first species reported to produce Chl f and for which a draft genome was produced in genus Kovacikia. This study expanded our knowledge regarding the diversity of Chl f-producing cyanobacteria in far-red light-enriched environments and provides important foundational information for future investigations of FaRLiP evolution in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zhong-Chun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jin-Long Shang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zheng-Ke Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Min Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Renhui Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Bao-Sheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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5
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A Cyanobacteria Enriched Layer of Shark Bay Stromatolites Reveals a New Acaryochloris Strain Living in Near Infrared Light. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051035. [PMID: 35630477 PMCID: PMC9144716 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Acaryochloris is unique among phototrophic organisms due to the dominance of chlorophyll d in its photosynthetic reaction centres and light-harvesting proteins. This allows Acaryochloris to capture light energy for photosynthesis over an extended spectrum of up to ~760 nm in the near infra-red (NIR) spectrum. Acaryochloris sp. has been reported in a variety of ecological niches, ranging from polar to tropical shallow aquatic sites. Here, we report a new Acarychloris strain isolated from an NIR-enriched stratified microbial layer 4–6 mm under the surface of stromatolite mats located in the Hamelin Pool of Shark Bay, Western Australia. Pigment analysis by spectrometry/fluorometry, flow cytometry and spectral confocal microscopy identifies unique patterns in pigment content that likely reflect niche adaption. For example, unlike the original A. marina species (type strain MBIC11017), this new strain, Acarychloris LARK001, shows little change in the chlorophyll d/a ratio in response to changes in light wavelength, displays a different Fv/Fm response and lacks detectable levels of phycocyanin. Indeed, 16S rRNA analysis supports the identity of the A. marina LARK001 strain as close to but distinct from from the A. marina HICR111A strain first isolated from Heron Island and previously found on the Great Barrier Reef under coral rubble on the reef flat. Taken together, A. marina LARK001 is a new cyanobacterial strain adapted to the stromatolite mats in Shark Bay.
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6
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Discovery of Chlorophyll d: Isolation and Characterization of a Far-Red Cyanobacterium from the Original Site of Manning and Strain (1943) at Moss Beach, California. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040819. [PMID: 35456869 PMCID: PMC9029297 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We have isolated a chlorophyll-d-containing cyanobacterium from the intertidal field site at Moss Beach, on the coast of Central California, USA, where Manning and Strain (1943) originally discovered this far-red chlorophyll. Here, we present the cyanobacterium’s environmental description, culturing procedure, pigment composition, ultrastructure, and full genome sequence. Among cultures of far-red cyanobacteria obtained from red algae from the same site, this strain was an epiphyte on a brown macroalgae. Its Qyin vivo absorbance peak is centered at 704–705 nm, the shortest wavelength observed thus far among the various known Acaryochloris strains. Its Chl a/Chl d ratio was 0.01, with Chl d accounting for 99% of the total Chl d and Chl a mass. TEM imagery indicates the absence of phycobilisomes, corroborated by both pigment spectra and genome analysis. The Moss Beach strain codes for only a single set of genes for producing allophycocyanin. Genomic sequencing yielded a 7.25 Mbp circular chromosome and 10 circular plasmids ranging from 16 kbp to 394 kbp. We have determined that this strain shares high similarity with strain S15, an epiphyte of red algae, while its distinct gene complement and ecological niche suggest that this strain could be the closest known relative to the original Chl d source of Manning and Strain (1943). The Moss Beach strain is designated Acaryochloris sp. (marina) strain Moss Beach.
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Genomic and Functional Variation of the Chlorophyll d-Producing Cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030569. [PMID: 35336144 PMCID: PMC8949462 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chlorophyll d-producing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina is widely distributed in marine environments enriched in far-red light, but our understanding of its genomic and functional diversity is limited. Here, we take an integrative approach to investigate A. marina diversity for 37 strains, which includes twelve newly isolated strains from previously unsampled locations in Europe and the Pacific Northwest of North America. A genome-wide phylogeny revealed both that closely related A. marina have migrated within geographic regions and that distantly related A. marina lineages can co-occur. The distribution of traits mapped onto the phylogeny provided evidence of a dynamic evolutionary history of gene gain and loss during A. marina diversification. Ancestral genes that were differentially retained or lost by strains include plasmid-encoded sodium-transporting ATPase and bidirectional NiFe-hydrogenase genes that may be involved in salt tolerance and redox balance under fermentative conditions, respectively. The acquisition of genes by horizontal transfer has also played an important role in the evolution of new functions, such as nitrogen fixation. Together, our results resolve examples in which genome content and ecotypic variation for nutrient metabolism and environmental tolerance have diversified during the evolutionary history of this unusual photosynthetic bacterium.
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Viola S, Roseby W, Santabarbara S, Nürnberg D, Assunção R, Dau H, Sellés J, Boussac A, Fantuzzi A, Rutherford AW. Impact of energy limitations on function and resilience in long-wavelength Photosystem II. eLife 2022; 11:79890. [PMID: 35852834 PMCID: PMC9439682 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) uses the energy from red light to split water and reduce quinone, an energy-demanding process based on chlorophyll a (Chl-a) photochemistry. Two types of cyanobacterial PSII can use chlorophyll d (Chl-d) and chlorophyll f (Chl-f) to perform the same reactions using lower energy, far-red light. PSII from Acaryochloris marina has Chl-d replacing all but one of its 35 Chl-a, while PSII from Chroococcidiopsis thermalis, a facultative far-red species, has just 4 Chl-f and 1 Chl-d and 30 Chl-a. From bioenergetic considerations, the far-red PSII were predicted to lose photochemical efficiency and/or resilience to photodamage. Here, we compare enzyme turnover efficiency, forward electron transfer, back-reactions and photodamage in Chl-f-PSII, Chl-d-PSII, and Chl-a-PSII. We show that: (i) all types of PSII have a comparable efficiency in enzyme turnover; (ii) the modified energy gaps on the acceptor side of Chl-d-PSII favour recombination via PD1+Phe- repopulation, leading to increased singlet oxygen production and greater sensitivity to high-light damage compared to Chl-a-PSII and Chl-f-PSII; (iii) the acceptor-side energy gaps in Chl-f-PSII are tuned to avoid harmful back reactions, favouring resilience to photodamage over efficiency of light usage. The results are explained by the differences in the redox tuning of the electron transfer cofactors Phe and QA and in the number and layout of the chlorophylls that share the excitation energy with the primary electron donor. PSII has adapted to lower energy in two distinct ways, each appropriate for its specific environment but with different functional penalties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Viola
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - William Roseby
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Holger Dau
- Physics Department, Freie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Julien Sellés
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR CNRS 7141 and Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Alain Boussac
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, UMR9198, CEA SaclayGif-Sur-YvetteFrance
| | - Andrea Fantuzzi
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Ulrich NJ, Uchida H, Kanesaki Y, Hirose E, Murakami A, Miller SR. Reacquisition of light-harvesting genes in a marine cyanobacterium confers a broader solar niche. Curr Biol 2021; 31:1539-1546.e4. [PMID: 33571437 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of phenotypic plasticity, i.e., the environmental induction of alternative phenotypes by the same genotype, can be an important mechanism of biological diversification.1,2 For example, an evolved increase in plasticity may promote ecological niche expansion as well as the innovation of novel traits;3 however, both the role of phenotypic plasticity in adaptive evolution and its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood.4,5 Here, we report that the Chlorophyll d-producing marine cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina strain MBIC11017 has evolved greater photosynthetic plasticity by reacquiring light-harvesting genes via horizontal gene transfer. The genes, which had been lost by the A. marina ancestor, are involved in the production and degradation of the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein phycocyanin. A. marina MBIC11017 exhibits a high degree of wavelength-dependence in phycocyanin production, and this ability enables it to grow with yellow and green light wavelengths that are inaccessible to other A. marina. Consequently, this strain has a broader solar niche than its close relatives. We discuss the role of horizontal gene transfer for regaining a lost phenotype in light of Dollo's Law6 that the loss of a complex trait is irreversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikea J Ulrich
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Hiroko Uchida
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo, 656-2401, Japan
| | - Yu Kanesaki
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Euichi Hirose
- Department of Chemistry, Biology & Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Akio Murakami
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Awaji, Hyogo, 656-2401, Japan
| | - Scott R Miller
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.
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Springstein BL, Nürnberg DJ, Woehle C, Weissenbach J, Theune ML, Helbig AO, Maldener I, Dagan T, Stucken K. Two novel heteropolymer-forming proteins maintain the multicellular shape of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. FEBS J 2020; 288:3197-3216. [PMID: 33205554 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polymerizing and filament-forming proteins are instrumental for numerous cellular processes such as cell division and growth. Their function in stabilization and localization of protein complexes and replicons is achieved by a filamentous structure. Known filamentous proteins assemble into homopolymers consisting of single subunits - for example, MreB and FtsZ in bacteria - or heteropolymers that are composed of two subunits, for example, keratin and α/β tubulin in eukaryotes. Here, we describe two novel coiled-coil-rich proteins (CCRPs) in the filament-forming cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (hereafter Anabaena) that assemble into a heteropolymer and function in the maintenance of the Anabaena multicellular shape (termed trichome). The two CCRPs - Alr4504 and Alr4505 (named ZicK and ZacK) - are strictly interdependent for the assembly of protein filaments in vivo and polymerize nucleotide independently in vitro, similar to known intermediate filament (IF) proteins. A ΔzicKΔzacK double mutant is characterized by a zigzagged cell arrangement and hence a loss of the typical linear Anabaena trichome shape. ZicK and ZacK interact with themselves, with each other, with the elongasome protein MreB, the septal junction protein SepJ and the divisome associate septal protein SepI. Our results suggest that ZicK and ZacK function in cooperation with SepJ and MreB to stabilize the Anabaena trichome and are likely essential for the manifestation of the multicellular shape in Anabaena. Our study reveals the presence of filament-forming IF-like proteins whose function is achieved through the formation of heteropolymers in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marius L Theune
- Institute of General Microbiology, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas O Helbig
- AG Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany
| | - Iris Maldener
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen/Organismic Interactions, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tal Dagan
- Institute of General Microbiology, University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Karina Stucken
- Department of Food Engineering, University of La Serena, Chile
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11
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Wolf BM, Blankenship RE. Far-red light acclimation in diverse oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 142:349-359. [PMID: 31222688 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis has historically been considered limited to be driven by the wavelengths of visible light. However, in the last few decades, various adaptations have been discovered that allow algae, cyanobacteria, and even plants to utilize longer wavelength light in the far-red spectral range. These adaptations provide distinct advantages to the species possessing them, allowing the effective utilization of shade light under highly filtered light environments. In prokaryotes, these adaptations include the production of far-red-absorbing chlorophylls d and f and the remodeling of phycobilisome antennas and reaction centers. Eukaryotes express specialized light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes that use interactions between pigments and their protein environment to spectrally tune the absorption of chlorophyll a. If these adaptations could be applied to crop plants, a potentially significant increase in photon utilization in lower shaded leaves could be realized, improving crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Wolf
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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12
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Zhang Z, Li Z, Yin Y, Li Y, Jia Y, Chen M, Qiu B. Widespread occurrence and unexpected diversity of red‐shifted chlorophyll producing cyanobacteria in humid subtropical forest ecosystems. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:1497-1510. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong‐Chun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal UniversitySchool of Life Sciences Wuhan Hubei 430079 People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng‐Ke Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal UniversitySchool of Life Sciences Wuhan Hubei 430079 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Chao Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal UniversitySchool of Life Sciences Wuhan Hubei 430079 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis and School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Yu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyInstitute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis and School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Sydney Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Bao‐Sheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal UniversitySchool of Life Sciences Wuhan Hubei 430079 People's Republic of China
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13
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A novel species of the marine cyanobacterium Acaryochloris with a unique pigment content and lifestyle. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9142. [PMID: 29904088 PMCID: PMC6002478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
All characterized members of the ubiquitous genus Acaryochloris share the unique property of containing large amounts of chlorophyll (Chl) d, a pigment exhibiting a red absorption maximum strongly shifted towards infrared compared to Chl a. Chl d is the major pigment in these organisms and is notably bound to antenna proteins structurally similar to those of Prochloron, Prochlorothrix and Prochlorococcus, the only three cyanobacteria known so far to contain mono- or divinyl-Chl a and b as major pigments and to lack phycobilisomes. Here, we describe RCC1774, a strain isolated from the foreshore near Roscoff (France). It is phylogenetically related to members of the Acaryochloris genus but completely lacks Chl d. Instead, it possesses monovinyl-Chl a and b at a b/a molar ratio of 0.16, similar to that in Prochloron and Prochlorothrix. It differs from the latter by the presence of phycocyanin and a vestigial allophycocyanin energetically coupled to photosystems. Genome sequencing confirmed the presence of phycobiliprotein and Chl b synthesis genes. Based on its phylogeny, ultrastructural characteristics and unique pigment suite, we describe RCC1774 as a novel species that we name Acaryochloris thomasi. Its very unusual pigment content compared to other Acaryochloris spp. is likely related to its specific lifestyle.
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Wolf BM, Niedzwiedzki DM, Magdaong NCM, Roth R, Goodenough U, Blankenship RE. Characterization of a newly isolated freshwater Eustigmatophyte alga capable of utilizing far-red light as its sole light source. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 135:177-189. [PMID: 28547584 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenic phototrophs typically utilize visible light (400-700 nm) to drive photosynthesis. However, a large fraction of the energy in sunlight is contained in the far-red region, which encompasses light beyond 700 nm. In nature, certain niche environments contain high levels of this far-red light due to filtering by other phototrophs, and in these environments, organisms with photosynthetic antenna systems adapted to absorbing far-red light are able to thrive. We used selective far-red light conditions to isolate such organisms in environmental samples. One cultured organism, the Eustigmatophyte alga Forest Park Isolate 5 (FP5), is able to absorb far-red light using a chlorophyll (Chl) a-containing antenna complex, and is able to grow under solely far-red light. Here we characterize the antenna system from this organism, which is able to shift the absorption of Chl a to >705 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Wolf
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nikki Cecil M Magdaong
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robyn Roth
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ursula Goodenough
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, MO, USA.
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15
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Hernández-Prieto MA, Li Y, Postier BL, Blankenship RE, Chen M. Far-red light promotes biofilm formation in the cyanobacteriumAcaryochloris marina. Environ Microbiol 2017; 20:535-545. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Hernández-Prieto
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis and School of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Sydney; NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Yaqiong Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis and School of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Sydney; NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Bradley L. Postier
- Departments of Biology and Chemistry; Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Robert E. Blankenship
- Departments of Biology and Chemistry; Washington University in St. Louis; St. Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Min Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis and School of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Sydney; NSW 2006 Australia
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16
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Badshah SL, Mabkhot Y, Al-Showiman SS. Photosynthesis at the far-red region of the spectrum in Acaryochloris marina. Biol Res 2017; 50:16. [PMID: 28526061 PMCID: PMC5438491 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-017-0120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acaryochloris marina is an oxygenic cyanobacterium that utilizes far-red light for photosynthesis. It has an expanded genome, which helps in its adaptability to the environment, where it can survive on low energy photons. Its major light absorbing pigment is chlorophyll d and it has α-carotene as a major carotenoid. Light harvesting antenna includes the external phycobilin binding proteins, which are hexameric rods made of phycocyanin and allophycocyanins, while the small integral membrane bound chlorophyll binding proteins are also present. There is specific chlorophyll a molecule in both the reaction center of Photosystem I (PSI) and PSII, but majority of the reaction center consists of chlorophyll d. The composition of the PSII reaction center is debatable especially the role and position of chlorophyll a in it. Here we discuss the photosystems of this bacterium and its related biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Lal Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Yahia Mabkhot
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salim S Al-Showiman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyad, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Lacap-Bugler DC, Lee KK, Archer S, Gillman LN, Lau MCY, Leuzinger S, Lee CK, Maki T, McKay CP, Perrott JK, de Los Rios-Murillo A, Warren-Rhodes KA, Hopkins DW, Pointing SB. Global Diversity of Desert Hypolithic Cyanobacteria. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:867. [PMID: 28559886 PMCID: PMC5432569 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Global patterns in diversity were estimated for cyanobacteria-dominated hypolithic communities that colonize ventral surfaces of quartz stones and are common in desert environments. A total of 64 hypolithic communities were recovered from deserts on every continent plus a tropical moisture sufficient location. Community diversity was estimated using a combined t-RFLP fingerprinting and high throughput sequencing approach. The t-RFLP analysis revealed desert communities were different from the single non-desert location. A striking pattern also emerged where Antarctic desert communities were clearly distinct from all other deserts. Some overlap in community similarity occurred for hot, cold and tundra deserts. A further observation was that the producer-consumer ratio displayed a significant negative correlation with growing season, such that shorter growing seasons supported communities with greater abundance of producers, and this pattern was independent of macroclimate. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and nifH genes from four representative samples validated the t-RFLP study and revealed patterns of taxonomic and putative diazotrophic diversity for desert communities from the Taklimakan Desert, Tibetan Plateau, Canadian Arctic and Antarctic. All communities were dominated by cyanobacteria and among these 21 taxa were potentially endemic to any given desert location. Some others occurred in all but the most extreme hot and polar deserts suggesting they were relatively less well adapted to environmental stress. The t-RFLP and sequencing data revealed the two most abundant cyanobacterial taxa were Phormidium in Antarctic and Tibetan deserts and Chroococcidiopsis in hot and cold deserts. The Arctic tundra displayed a more heterogenous cyanobacterial assemblage and this was attributed to the maritime-influenced sampling location. The most abundant heterotrophic taxa were ubiquitous among samples and belonged to the Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. Sequencing using nitrogenase gene-specific primers revealed all putative diazotrophs were Proteobacteria of the orders Burkholderiales, Rhizobiales, and Rhodospirillales. We envisage cyanobacterial carbon input to the system is accompanied by nitrogen fixation largely from non-cyanobacterial taxa. Overall the results indicate desert hypoliths worldwide are dominated by cyanobacteria and that growing season is a useful predictor of their abundance. Differences in cyanobacterial taxa encountered may reflect their adaptation to different moisture availability regimes in polar and non-polar deserts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donnabella C Lacap-Bugler
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Kevin K Lee
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Archer
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Len N Gillman
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Maggie C Y Lau
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, PrincetonNJ, USA
| | - Sebastian Leuzinger
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Charles K Lee
- International Centre for Terrestrial Antarctic Research, School of Science, University of WaikatoHamilton, New Zealand
| | - Teruya Maki
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa, Japan
| | - Christopher P McKay
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center, Moffett FieldCA, USA
| | - John K Perrott
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Stephen B Pointing
- Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Science, Auckland University of TechnologyAuckland, New Zealand.,Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa, Japan
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18
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Trampe E, Kühl M. Chlorophyll f distribution and dynamics in cyanobacterial beachrock biofilms. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2016; 52:990-996. [PMID: 27439961 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl) f, the most far-red (720-740 nm) absorbing Chl species, was discovered in cyanobacterial isolates from stromatolites and subsequently in other habitats as well. However, the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of Chl f in a natural habitat have so far not been documented. Here, we report the presence of Chl f in cyanobacterial beachrock biofilms. Hyperspectral imaging on cross-sections of beachrock from Heron Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia), showed a strong and widely distributed signature of Chl f absorption in an endolithic layer below the dense cyanobacterial surface biofilm that could be localized to aggregates of Chroococcidiopsis-like unicellular cyanobacteria packed within a thick common sheath. High-pressure liquid chromatography-based pigment analyses showed in situ ratios of Chl f to Chl a of 5% in brown-pigmented zones of the beachrock, with lower ratios of ~0.5% in the black- and pink-pigmented biofilm zones. Enrichment experiments with black beachrock biofilm showed stimulated synthesis of Chl f and Chl d when grown under near-infrared radiation (NIR; 740 nm), with a Chl f to Chl a ratio increasing 4-fold to 2%, whereas the Chl d to Chl a ratio went from 0% to 0.8%. Enrichments grown under white light (400-700 nm) produced no detectable amounts of either Chl d or Chl f. Beachrock cyanobacteria thus exhibited characteristics of far-red light photoacclimation, enabling Chl f -containing cyanobacteria to thrive in optical niches deprived of visible light when sufficient NIR is prevalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Trampe
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, DK-3000, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, DK-3000, Helsingør, Denmark
- Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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19
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Loughlin PC, Duxbury Z, Mugerwa TTM, Smith PMC, Willows RD, Chen M. Spectral properties of bacteriophytochrome AM1_5894 in the chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27547. [PMID: 27282102 PMCID: PMC4901347 DOI: 10.1038/srep27547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acaryochloris marina, a unicellular oxygenic photosynthetic cyanobacterium, has uniquely adapted to far-red light-enriched environments using red-shifted chlorophyll d. To understand red-light use in Acaryochloris, the genome of this cyanobacterium was searched for red/far-red light photoreceptors from the phytochrome family, resulting in identification of a putative bacteriophytochrome AM1_5894. AM1_5894 contains three standard domains of photosensory components as well as a putative C-terminal signal transduction component consisting of a histidine kinase and receiver domain. The photosensory domains of AM1_5894 autocatalytically assemble with biliverdin in a covalent fashion. This assembled AM1_5894 shows the typical photoreversible conversion of bacterial phytochromes with a ground-state red-light absorbing (Pr) form with λBV max[Pr] 705 nm, and a red-light inducible far-red light absorbing (Pfr) form with λBV max[Pfr] 758 nm. Surprisingly, AM1_5894 also autocatalytically assembles with phycocyanobilin, involving photoreversible conversion of λPCB max[Pr] 682 nm and λPCB max[Pfr] 734 nm, respectively. Our results suggest phycocyanobilin is also covalently bound to AM1_5894, while mutation of a cysteine residue (Cys11Ser) abolishes this covalent binding. The physiological function of AM1_5894 in cyanobacteria containing red-shifted chlorophylls is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Loughlin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Zane Duxbury
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | - Penelope M C Smith
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Robert D Willows
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Min Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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20
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Luo H, Wang C, Ren L, Gao Q, Pan C, Epstein IR. Light-Modulated Intermittent Wave Groups in a Diffusively Fed Reactive Gel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Luo
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science; Zaozhuang University; Zaozhuang 277160 Shandong P.R. China
| | - Chenlong Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Lin Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Changwei Pan
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Irving R. Epstein
- Department of Chemistry and Volen Center for Complex Systems, MS 015; Brandeis University; Waltham MA 02454-9110 USA
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21
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Luo H, Wang C, Ren L, Gao Q, Pan C, Epstein IR. Light-Modulated Intermittent Wave Groups in a Diffusively Fed Reactive Gel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4988-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Luo
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science; Zaozhuang University; Zaozhuang 277160 Shandong P.R. China
| | - Chenlong Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Lin Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Qingyu Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Changwei Pan
- College of Chemical Engineering; China University of Mining and Technology; Xuzhou 221116 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Irving R. Epstein
- Department of Chemistry and Volen Center for Complex Systems, MS 015; Brandeis University; Waltham MA 02454-9110 USA
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22
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Miazek K, Iwanek W, Remacle C, Richel A, Goffin D. Effect of Metals, Metalloids and Metallic Nanoparticles on Microalgae Growth and Industrial Product Biosynthesis: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:23929-69. [PMID: 26473834 PMCID: PMC4632732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161023929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are a source of numerous compounds that can be used in many branches of industry. Synthesis of such compounds in microalgal cells can be amplified under stress conditions. Exposure to various metals can be one of methods applied to induce cell stress and synthesis of target products in microalgae cultures. In this review, the potential of producing diverse biocompounds (pigments, lipids, exopolymers, peptides, phytohormones, arsenoorganics, nanoparticles) from microalgae cultures upon exposure to various metals, is evaluated. Additionally, different methods to alter microalgae response towards metals and metal stress are described. Finally, possibilities to sustain high growth rates and productivity of microalgal cultures in the presence of metals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Miazek
- AgricultureIsLife Platform, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium.
| | - Waldemar Iwanek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Swietokrzyska 15, Kielce 25-406, Poland.
| | - Claire Remacle
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, Institute of Botany, University of Liege, B22, 27, Bld du Rectorat, Liège B-4000, Belgium.
| | - Aurore Richel
- Unit of Biological and Industrial Chemistry, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium.
| | - Dorothee Goffin
- Cellule Innovation et Créativité, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux B-5030, Belgium.
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23
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Gan F, Bryant DA. Adaptive and acclimative responses of cyanobacteria to far-red light. Environ Microbiol 2015; 17:3450-65. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Donald A. Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA 16802 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Montana State University; Bozeman MT 59717 USA
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24
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Watabe K, Mimuro M, Tsuchiya T. Establishment of the forward genetic analysis of the chlorophyll d-dominated cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina MBIC 11017 by applying in vivo transposon mutagenesis system. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2015; 125:255-265. [PMID: 25596846 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Acaryochloris marina MBIC 11017 possesses chlorophyll (Chl) d as a major Chl, which enables this organism to utilize far-red light for photosynthesis. Thus, the adaptation mechanism of far-red light utilization, including Chl d biosynthesis, has received much attention, though a limited number of reports on this subject have been published. To identify genes responsible for Chl d biosynthesis and adaptation to far-red light, molecular genetic analysis of A. marina was required. We developed a transformation system for A. marina and introduced expression vectors into A. marina. In this study, the high-frequency in vivo transposon mutagenesis system recently established by us was applied to A. marina. As a result, we obtained mutants with the transposon in their genomic DNA at various positions. By screening transposon-tagged mutants, we isolated a mutant (Y1 mutant) that formed a yellow colony on agar medium. In the Y1 mutant, the transposon was inserted into the gene encoding molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein A (MoaA). The Y1 mutant was functionally complemented by introducing the moaA gene or increasing the ammonium ion in the medium. These results indicate that the mutation of the moaA gene reduced nitrate reductase activity, which requires molybdenum cofactor, in the Y1 mutant. This is the first successful forward genetic analysis of A. marina, which will lead to the identification of genes responsible for adaptation to far-red light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Watabe
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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25
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Li Y, Chen M. Novel chlorophylls and new directions in photosynthesis research. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2015; 42:493-501. [PMID: 32480695 DOI: 10.1071/fp14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll d and chlorophyll f are red-shifted chlorophylls, because their Qy absorption bands are significantly red-shifted compared with chlorophyll a. The red-shifted chlorophylls broaden the light absorption region further into far red light. The presence of red-shifted chlorophylls in photosynthetic systems has opened up new possibilities of research on photosystem energetics and challenged the unique status of chlorophyll a in oxygenic photosynthesis. In this review, we report on the chemistry and function of red-shifted chlorophylls in photosynthesis and summarise the unique adaptations that have allowed the proliferation of chlorophyll d- and chlorophyll f-containing organisms in diverse ecological niches around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Li
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Min Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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26
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Wegener KM, Nagarajan A, Pakrasi HB. An atypical psbA gene encodes a sentinel D1 protein to form a physiologically relevant inactive photosystem II complex in cyanobacteria. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:3764-74. [PMID: 25525275 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.604124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II, a large membrane-bound enzyme complex in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, mediates light-induced oxidation of water to molecular oxygen. The D1 protein of PSII, encoded by the psbA gene, provides multiple ligands for cofactors crucial to this enzymatic reaction. Cyanobacteria contain multiple psbA genes that respond to various physiological cues and environmental factors. Certain unicellular cyanobacterial cells, such as Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142, are capable of nitrogen fixation, a highly oxygen-sensitive process, by separating oxygen evolution from nitrogen fixation using a day-night cycle. We have shown that c-psbA4, one of the five psbA orthologs in this cyanobacterium, is exclusively expressed during nighttime. Remarkably, the corresponding D1 isoform has replacements of a number of amino acids that are essential ligands for the catalytic Mn4CaO5 metal center for water oxidation by PSII. At least 30 cyanobacterial strains, most of which are known to have nitrogen fixing abilities, have similar psbA orthologs. We expressed the c-psbA4 gene from Cyanothece 51142 in a 4E-3 mutant strain of the model non-nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, which lacks any psbA gene. The resultant strain could not grow photoautotrophically. Moreover, these Synechocystis 6803 cells were incapable of PSII-mediated oxygen evolution. Based on our findings, we have named this physiologically relevant, unusual D1 isoform sentinel D1. Sentinel D1 represents a new class of D1 protein that, when incorporated in a PSII complex, ensures that PSII cannot mediate water oxidation, thus allowing oxygen-sensitive processes such as nitrogen fixation to occur in cyanobacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Wegener
- From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Aparna Nagarajan
- From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Himadri B Pakrasi
- From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
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27
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Rapid TaqMan-based quantification of chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacteria in the genus Acaryochloris. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:3244-9. [PMID: 24632258 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00334-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reports of the chlorophyll (Chl) d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris have accumulated since its initial discovery in 1996. The majority of this evidence is based on amplification of the gene coding for the 16S rRNA, and due to the wide geographical distribution of these sequences, a global distribution of Acaryochloris species was suggested. Here, we present a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective TaqMan-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay that was developed for the specific detection of Acaryochloris species in complex environmental samples. The TaqMan probe showed detection limits of ~10 16S rRNA gene copy numbers based on standard curves consisting of plasmid inserts. DNA from five Acaryochloris strains, i.e., MBIC11017, CCMEE5410, HICR111A, CRS, and Awaji-1, exhibited amplification efficiencies of >94% when tested in the TaqMan assay. When used on complex natural communities, the TaqMan assay detected the presence of Acaryochloris species in four out of eight samples of crustose coralline algae (CCA), collected from temperate and tropical regions. In three out of these TaqMan-positive samples, the presence of Chl d was confirmed via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and corresponding cell estimates of Acaryochloris species amounted to 7.6 × 10(1) to 3.0 × 10(3) per mg of CCA. These numbers indicate a substantial contribution of Chl d-containing cyanobacteria to primary productivity in endolithic niches. The new TaqMan assay allows quick and easy screening of environmental samples for the presence of Acaryochloris species and is an important tool to further resolve the global distribution and significance of this unique oxyphototroph.
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Abstract
Chlorophylls are magnesium-tetrapyrrole molecules that play essential roles in photosynthesis. All chlorophylls have similar five-membered ring structures, with variations in the side chains and/or reduction states. Formyl group substitutions on the side chains of chlorophyll a result in the different absorption properties of chlorophyll b, chlorophyll d, and chlorophyll f. These formyl substitution derivatives exhibit different spectral shifts according to the formyl substitution position. Not only does the presence of various types of chlorophylls allow the photosynthetic organism to harvest sunlight at different wavelengths to enhance light energy input, but the pigment composition of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms also reflects the spectral properties on the surface of the Earth. Two major environmental influencing factors are light and oxygen levels, which may play central roles in the regulatory pathways leading to the different chlorophylls. I review the biochemical processes of chlorophyll biosynthesis and their regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia;
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Muthukrishnan T, Abed RMM, Dobretsov S, Kidd B, Finnie AA. Long-term microfouling on commercial biocidal fouling control coatings. BIOFOULING 2014; 30:1155-1164. [PMID: 25390938 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2014.972951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated the microbial community composition of the biofilms that developed on 11 commercial biocidal coatings, including examples of the three main historic types, namely self-polishing copolymer (SPC), self-polishing hybrid (SPH) and controlled depletion polymer (CDP), after immersion in the sea for one year. The total wet weight of the biofilm and the total bacterial density were significantly influenced by all coatings. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed distinct bacterial community structures on the different types of coatings. Flavobacteria accounted for the dissimilarity between communities developed on the control and SPC (16%) and the control and SPH coatings (17%), while Alphaproteobacteria contributed to 14% of the dissimilarity between the control and CDP coatings. The lowest number of operational taxonomic units was found on Intersmooth 100, while the lowest biomass and density of bacteria was detected on other SPC coatings. The experiments demonstrated that the nature and quantity of biofilm present differed from coating to coating with clear differences between copper-free and copper-based biocidal coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirumahal Muthukrishnan
- a Department of Marine Science and Fisheries , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University , Oman
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Loughlin P, Lin Y, Chen M. Chlorophyll d and Acaryochloris marina: current status. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2013; 116:277-93. [PMID: 23615924 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9829-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina in 1996 precipitated a shift in our understanding of oxygenic photosynthesis. The presence of the red-shifted chlorophyll d in the reaction centre of the photosystems of Acaryochloris has opened up new avenues of research on photosystem energetics and challenged the unique status of chlorophyll a in oxygenic photosynthesis. In this review, we detail the chemistry and role of chlorophyll d in photosynthesis and summarise the unique adaptations that have allowed the proliferation of Acaryochloris in diverse ecological niches around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Loughlin
- School of Biological Sciences (A08), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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31
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A unique regulation of the expression of the psbA, psbD, and psbE genes, encoding the 01, 02 and cytochrome b559 subunits of the Photosystem II complex in the chlorophyll d containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2013; 1817:1083-94. [PMID: 23487854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic electron transport, chromatic photoacclirnation and expression of the genes encoding the 01, 02, and cytochrome b559 subunits of the Photosystem II complex were studied in the chlorophyll d containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina MBIC11017 under various environmental conditions. During oxygen deprivation and inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport by dibromothymoquinone the psbA1 gene encoding a 01' isoform was induced. All of the three psbA and one of the three psbD (psbD2) genes, encoding two different isoforms of the 01 and the abundant isoform of the 02 proteins, respectively were induced under exposure to UV-B radiation and high intensity visible light. Under far red light the amount of Photosystem II complexes increased, and expression of the psbE2 gene encoding the alpha-subunit of cytochrome b559 was enhanced. However, the psbF and psbE1 genes encoding the beta- and another isoform of alpha-cytochrome b559, respectively remained lowly expressed under all conditions. Far red light also induced the psbD3 gene encoding a 02' isoform whose primary structure is different from the abundant 02 isoform. psbD3 was also induced under low intensity visible light, when chromatic photoacclimation was indicated by a red-shifted absorption of chlorophyll d. Our results show that differential expression of multigene families encoding different isoforms of 01 and 02 plays an important role in the acclimation of A. marina to contrasting environmental conditions. Moreover, the disproportionate quantity of transcripts of the alpha and beta subunits of cytochrome b559 implies the existence of an alpha-alpha homodimer organization of cytochrome b559 in Photosystem II complexes.
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Al-Bader D, Eliyas M, Rayan R, Radwan S. Subsurface associations of Acaryochloris-related picocyanobacteria with oil-utilizing bacteria in the Arabian Gulf water body: promising consortia in oil sediment bioremediation. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2013; 65:555-65. [PMID: 23263237 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-012-0157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Two picocyanobacterial strains related to Acaryochloris were isolated from the Arabian Gulf, 3 m below the water surface, one from the north shore and the other from the south shore of Kuwait. Both strains were morphologically, ultrastructurally, and albeit to a less extend, phylogenetically similar to Acaryochloris. However, both isolates lacked chlorophyll d and produced instead chlorophyll a, as the major photosynthetic pigment. Both picocyanobacterial isolates were associated with oil-utilizing bacteria in the magnitude of 10(5) cells g(-1). According to their 16S rRNA gene sequences, bacteria associated with the isolate from the north were affiliated to Paenibacillus sp., Bacillus pumilus, and Marinobacter aquaeolei, but those associated with the isolate from the south were affiliated to Bacillus asahii and Alcanivorax jadensis. These bacterial differences were probably due to environmental variations. In batch cultures, the bacterial consortia in the nonaxenic biomass as well as the pure bacterial isolates effectively consumed crude oil and pure aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, including very high-molecular-weight compounds. Water and diethylether extracts from the phototrophic biomass enhanced growth of individual bacterial isolates and their hydrocarbon-consumption potential in batch cultures. It was concluded that these consortia could be promising in bioremediation of hydrocarbon pollutants, especially heavy sediments in the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhia Al-Bader
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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33
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Chen M, Scheer H. Extending the limits of natural photosynthesis and implications for technical light harvesting. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612300108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms provide, directly or indirectly, the energy that sustains life on earth by harvesting light from the sun. The amount of light impinging on the surface of the earth vastly surpasses the energy needs of life including man. Harvesting the sun is, therefore, an option for a sustainable energy source: directly by improving biomass production, indirectly by coupling it to the production of hydrogen for fuel or, conceptually, by using photosynthetic strategies for technological solutions based on non-biological or hybrid materials. In this review, we summarize the various light climates on earth, the primary reactions responsible for light harvesting and transduction to chemical energy in photosynthesis, and the mechanisms of competitively adapting the photosynthetic apparatus to the ever-changing light conditions. The focus is on oxygenic photosynthesis, its adaptation to the various light-climates by specialized pigments and on the extension of its limits by the evolution of red-shifted chlorophylls. The implications for potential technical solutions are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hugo Scheer
- Dept-Biologie 1, Botanik, Universität München, 80638 München, Germany
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Behrendt L, Staal M, Cristescu SM, Harren FJ, Schliep M, Larkum AW, Kühl M. Reactive oxygen production induced by near-infrared radiation in three strains of the Chl d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. F1000Res 2013; 2:44. [PMID: 24555034 PMCID: PMC3894803 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.2-44.v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria in the genus
Acaryochloris have largely exchanged Chl
a with Chl
d, enabling them to harvest near-infrared-radiation (NIR) for oxygenic photosynthesis, a biochemical pathway prone to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, ROS production under different light conditions was quantified in three
Acaryochloris strains (MBIC11017, HICR111A and the novel strain CRS) using a real-time ethylene detector in conjunction with addition of 2-keto-4-thiomethylbutyric acid, a substrate that is converted to ethylene when reacting with certain types of ROS. In all strains, NIR was found to generate less ROS than visible light (VIS). More ROS was generated if strains MBIC11017 and HICR111A were adapted to NIR and then exposed to VIS, while strain CRS demonstrated the opposite behavior. This is the very first study of ROS generation and suggests that
Acaryochloris can avoid a considerable amount of light-induced stress by using NIR instead of VIS for its photosynthesis, adding further evolutionary arguments to their widespread appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Behrendt
- Marine Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, DK-3000, Denmark ; Section for Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Sølvgade, DK-1307, Denmark
| | - Marc Staal
- Marine Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, DK-3000, Denmark
| | - Simona M Cristescu
- Life Science Trace Gas Facility, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ, Netherlands
| | - Frans Jm Harren
- Life Science Trace Gas Facility, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ, Netherlands
| | - Martin Schliep
- Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, School of the Environment, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Anthony Wd Larkum
- Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, School of the Environment, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, DK-3000, Denmark ; Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster, School of the Environment, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia ; Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
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Li Y, Larkum A, Schliep M, Kühl M, Neilan B, Chen M. Newly Isolated Chl d-Containing Cyanobacteria. ADVANCED TOPICS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-32034-7_148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Coelho SM, Simon N, Ahmed S, Cock JM, Partensky F. Ecological and evolutionary genomics of marine photosynthetic organisms. Mol Ecol 2012; 22:867-907. [PMID: 22989289 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental (ecological) genomics aims to understand the genetic basis of relationships between organisms and their abiotic and biotic environments. It is a rapidly progressing field of research largely due to recent advances in the speed and volume of genomic data being produced by next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. Building on information generated by NGS-based approaches, functional genomic methodologies are being applied to identify and characterize genes and gene systems of both environmental and evolutionary relevance. Marine photosynthetic organisms (MPOs) were poorly represented amongst the early genomic models, but this situation is changing rapidly. Here we provide an overview of the recent advances in the application of ecological genomic approaches to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic MPOs. We describe how these approaches are being used to explore the biology and ecology of marine cyanobacteria and algae, particularly with regard to their functions in a broad range of marine ecosystems. Specifically, we review the ecological and evolutionary insights gained from whole genome and transcriptome sequencing projects applied to MPOs and illustrate how their genomes are yielding information on the specific features of these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M Coelho
- UPMC-Université Paris 06, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France.
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Chen M, Li Y, Birch D, Willows RD. A cyanobacterium that contains chlorophyll f--a red-absorbing photopigment. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:3249-54. [PMID: 22796191 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Revised: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A Chl f-containing filamentous cyanobacterium was purified from stromatolites and named as Halomicronema hongdechloris gen., sp. nov. after its phylogenetic classification and the morphological characteristics. Hongdechloris contains four main carotenoids and two chlorophylls, a and f. The ratio of Chl f to Chl a is reversibly changed from 1:8 under red light to an undetectable level of Chl f under white-light culture conditions. Phycobiliproteins were induced under white light growth conditions. A fluorescence emission peak of 748 nm was identified as due to Chl f. The results suggest that Chl f is a red-light inducible chlorophyll.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- School of Biological Sciences (A08), University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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38
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Biofilm growth and near-infrared radiation-driven photosynthesis of the chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:3896-904. [PMID: 22467501 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00397-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina is the only known phototroph harboring chlorophyll (Chl) d. It is easy to cultivate it in a planktonic growth mode, and A. marina cultures have been subject to detailed biochemical and biophysical characterization. In natural situations, A. marina is mainly found associated with surfaces, but this growth mode has not been studied yet. Here, we show that the A. marina type strain MBIC11017 inoculated into alginate beads forms dense biofilm-like cell clusters, as in natural A. marina biofilms, characterized by strong O(2) concentration gradients that change with irradiance. Biofilm growth under both visible radiation (VIS, 400 to 700 nm) and near-infrared radiation (NIR, ∼700 to 730 nm) yielded maximal cell-specific growth rates of 0.38 per day and 0.64 per day, respectively. The population doubling times were 1.09 and 1.82 days for NIR and visible light, respectively. The photosynthesis versus irradiance curves showed saturation at a photon irradiance of E(k) (saturating irradiance) >250 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1) for blue light but no clear saturation at 365 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1) for NIR. The maximal gross photosynthesis rates in the aggregates were ∼1,272 μmol O(2) mg Chl d(-1) h(-1) (NIR) and ∼1,128 μmol O(2) mg Chl d(-1) h(-1) (VIS). The photosynthetic efficiency (α) values were higher in NIR-irradiated cells [(268 ± 0.29) × 10(-6) m(2) mg Chl d(-1) (mean ± standard deviation)] than under blue light [(231 ± 0.22) × 10(-6) m(2) mg Chl d(-1)]. A. marina is well adapted to a biofilm growth mode under both visible and NIR irradiance and under O(2) conditions ranging from anoxia to hyperoxia, explaining its presence in natural niches with similar environmental conditions.
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Murray JW. Sequence variation at the oxygen-evolving centre of photosystem II: a new class of 'rogue' cyanobacterial D1 proteins. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2012; 110:177-84. [PMID: 22187288 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-011-9714-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II is the oxygen-evolving enzyme of photosynthesis. It is a membrane-bound protein-pigment complex. The oxygen is produced at the oxygen-evolving centre (OEC), a Mn(4)CaO(5) metallocluster, which is largely ligated by amino acids of the D1 protein. The OEC-ligating residues are invariant between most cyanobacteria and higher plants. In this study, a new class of cyanobacterial D1 proteins has been identified in which the OEC metal-ligating residues are very different to the consensus. This new class of 'rogue' D1 proteins is associated with diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Their function, activity and origins are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Murray
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Dinitrogen fixation in a unicellular chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium. ISME JOURNAL 2012; 6:1367-77. [PMID: 22237545 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2011.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria of the genus Acaryochloris are the only known organisms that use chlorophyll d as a photosynthetic pigment. However, based on chemical sediment analyses, chlorophyll d has been recognized to be widespread in oceanic and lacustrine environments. Therefore it is highly relevant to understand the genetic basis for different physiologies and possible niche adaptation in this genus. Here we show that unlike all other known isolates of Acaryochloris, the strain HICR111A, isolated from waters around Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, possesses a unique genomic region containing all the genes for the structural and enzymatically active proteins of nitrogen fixation and cofactor biosynthesis. Their phylogenetic analysis suggests a close relation to nitrogen fixation genes from certain other marine cyanobacteria. We show that nitrogen fixation in Acaryochloris sp. HICR111A is regulated in a light-dark-dependent fashion. We conclude that nitrogen fixation, one of the most complex physiological traits known in bacteria, might be transferred among oceanic microbes by horizontal gene transfer more often than anticipated so far. Our data show that the two powerful processes of oxygenic photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation co-occur in one and the same cell also in this branch of marine microbes and characterize Acaryochloris as a physiologically versatile inhabitant of an ecological niche, which is primarily driven by the absorption of far-red light.
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Miller SR, Wood AM, Blankenship RE, Kim M, Ferriera S. Dynamics of gene duplication in the genomes of chlorophyll d-producing cyanobacteria: implications for the ecological niche. Genome Biol Evol 2011; 3:601-13. [PMID: 21697100 PMCID: PMC3156569 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evr060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene duplication may be an important mechanism for the evolution of new functions and for the adaptive modulation of gene expression via dosage effects. Here, we analyzed the fate of gene duplicates for two strains of a novel group of cyanobacteria (genus Acaryochloris) that produces the far-red light absorbing chlorophyll d as its main photosynthetic pigment. The genomes of both strains contain an unusually high number of gene duplicates for bacteria. As has been observed for eukaryotic genomes, we find that the demography of gene duplicates can be well modeled by a birth-death process. Most duplicated Acaryochloris genes are of comparatively recent origin, are strain-specific, and tend to be located on different genetic elements. Analyses of selection on duplicates of different divergence classes suggest that a minority of paralogs exhibit near neutral evolutionary dynamics immediately following duplication but that most duplicate pairs (including those which have been retained for long periods) are under strong purifying selection against amino acid change. The likelihood of duplicate retention varied among gene functional classes, and the pronounced differences between strains in the pool of retained recent duplicates likely reflects differences in the nutrient status and other characteristics of their respective environments. We conclude that most duplicates are quickly purged from Acaryochloris genomes and that those which are retained likely make important contributions to organism ecology by conferring fitness benefits via gene dosage effects. The mechanism of enhanced duplication may involve homologous recombination between genetic elements mediated by paralogous copies of recA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Miller
- Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Montana, USA.
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Behrendt L, Larkum AWD, Norman A, Qvortrup K, Chen M, Ralph P, Sørensen SJ, Trampe E, Kühl M. Endolithic chlorophyll d-containing phototrophs. ISME JOURNAL 2010; 5:1072-6. [PMID: 21160540 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2010.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria in the genus Acaryochloris are the only known oxyphototrophs that have exchanged chlorophyll a (Chl a) with Chl d as their primary photopigment, facilitating oxygenic photosynthesis with near infrared (NIR) light. Yet their ecology and natural habitats are largely unknown. We used hyperspectral and variable chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, scanning electron microscopy, photopigment analysis and DNA sequencing to show that Acaryochloris-like cyanobacteria thrive underneath crustose coralline algae in a widespread endolithic habitat on coral reefs. This finding suggests an important role of Chl d-containing cyanobacteria in a range of hitherto unexplored endolithic habitats, where NIR light-driven oxygenic photosynthesis may be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Behrendt
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark
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The gene ssl3076 encodes a protein mediating the salt-induced expression of ggpS for the biosynthesis of the compatible solute glucosylglycerol in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. J Bacteriol 2010; 192:4403-12. [PMID: 20601470 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00481-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acclimation to high salt concentrations involves concerted changes in gene expression. For the majority of salt-regulated genes, the mechanism underlying the induction process is not known. The gene ggpS (sll1566), which encodes the glucosylglycerol-phosphate synthase responsible for the synthesis of the compatible solute glucosylglycerol (GG), is specifically induced by salt in the cyanobacterial model strain Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. To identify mechanisms mediating this salt-specific gene regulation, the ggpS promoter was analyzed in more detail. 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'-RACE) experiments revealed that the adjacent open reading frame (ORF), which is annotated as unknown protein Ssl3076, overlaps with the transcriptional start site of the ggpS gene. Reporter gene expression analyses indicated an essential role for the intact ssl3076 gene in the salt-regulated transcription of a gfp reporter gene. Promoter fragments containing a mutated ssl3076 lost the salt regulation; similarly, a frameshift mutation in ssl3076 resulted in a high level of ggpS expression under low-salt conditions, thereby establishing this small ORF, named ggpR, as a negative regulator of ggpS. Interestingly, small ORFs were also found adjacent to ggpS genes in the genomes of other GG-accumulating cyanobacteria. These results suggest that the GgpR protein represses ggpS expression under low-salt conditions, whereas in salt-shocked and salt-acclimated cells a stress-proportional ggpS expression occurs, leading to GG accumulation.
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