1
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Jacobs E, Whitehead MT. Clinical spectrum of orbital and ocular abnormalities on fetal MRI. Pediatr Radiol 2023; 53:121-130. [PMID: 35867110 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-022-05439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may reveal sonographically occult ocular abnormalities. When discovered, acquired causes and genetic associations must be sought. OBJECTIVE We aim to evaluate a fetal cohort with orbit and/or globe malformations to determine whether there are imaging patterns that suggest the underlying cause. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched all fetal MRI reports performed at an academic children's hospital over 9 consecutive years for orbit and/or globe abnormalities. Each positive exam and all follow-up MRIs were evaluated for interocular distance, globe size, shape and signal, and brain malformations. Genetic and clinical diagnoses were recorded from the medical record. RESULTS Seventy-six of 3,085 fetuses (2.5%) were diagnosed with ocular and/or globe abnormalities; 50% had postnatal follow-up MR exams, all confirming the fetal MRI findings. Ninety-two percent (70/76) had concurrent brain malformations. Sixty-seven percent (51/76) were diagnosed with an underlying disorder and 39% of these were genetically proven. The most common diagnoses with ocular globe abnormalities included CHARGE (coloboma of the eye, heart anomaly, choanal atresia, retardation and genital and ear anomalies) syndrome, trisomy 13 syndrome, dystroglycanopathy, holoprosencephaly and diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia. Genetic diagnoses were more likely with ocular globe abnormalities than isolated orbital abnormalities (P=0.04). Sixty-seven percent of fetuses with ocular calcifications, hemorrhage and/or lens abnormalities had potential maternal risk factors (P=0.03). CONCLUSION Malformed ocular globes are associated with brain malformations and genetic abnormalities. Ocular calcifications, hemorrhage and/or lens abnormalities may be associated with maternal risk factors. Genetic work-up should be considered when an ocular globe size or shape abnormality is detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Jacobs
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
| | - Matthew T Whitehead
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I Street NW, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.,Department of Neuroradiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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2
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Hang J, Wang J, Lu M, Xue Y, Qiao J, Tao L. Protein O-mannosylation across kingdoms and related diseases: From glycobiology to glycopathology. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112685. [PMID: 35149389 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-translational glycosylation of proteins by O-linked α-mannose is conserved from bacteria to humans. Due to advances in high-throughput mass spectrometry-based approaches, a variety of glycoproteins are identified to be O-mannosylated. Various proteins with O-mannosylation are involved in biological processes, providing essential necessity for proper growth and development. In this review, we summarize the process and regulation of O-mannosylation. The multi-step O-mannosylation procedures are quite dynamic and complex, especially when considering the structural and functional inspection of the involved enzymes. The widely studied O-mannosylated proteins in human include α-Dystroglycan (α-DG), cadherins, protocadherins, and plexin, and their aberrant O-mannosylation are associated with many diseases. In addition, O-mannosylation also contributes to diverse functions in lower eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Finally, we present the relationship between O-mannosylation and gut microbiota (GM), and elucidate that O-mannosylation in microbiome is of great importance in the dynamic balance of GM. Our study provides an overview of the processes of O-mannosylation in mammalian cells and other organisms, and also associated regulated enzymes and biological functions, which could contribute to the understanding of newly discovered O-mannosylated glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Minzhen Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuchuan Xue
- The First Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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3
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Song D, Dai Y, Chen X, Fu X, Chang X, Wang N, Zhang C, Yan C, Zheng H, Wu L, Jiang L, Hua Y, Yang H, Wang Z, Dai T, Zhu W, Han C, Yuan Y, Kobayashi K, Toda T, Xiong H. Genetic variations and clinical spectrum of dystroglycanopathy in a large cohort of Chinese patients. Clin Genet 2021; 99:384-395. [PMID: 33200426 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dystroglycanopathy is a group of muscular dystrophies with deficient glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (α-DG). We recruited patients from 36 tertiary academic hospitals in China. In total, 143 patients with genetically diagnosed dystroglycanopathy were enrolled. Of these, limb girdle muscular dystrophy was the most common initial diagnosis (83 patients) and Walker-Warburg syndrome was the least common (1 patient). In 143 patients, mutations in FKRP gene were the most prevalent (62 patients), followed by POMT2, POMT1 (16), POMGNT1, ISPD (14), FKTN, GMPPB, B3GALNT2, DPM3, and DAG1. Several frequent mutations were identified in FKRP, POMT1, POMGNT1, ISPD, and FKTN genes. Many of these were founder mutations. Patients with FKRP mutations tended to have milder phenotypes, while those with mutations in POMGNT1 genes had more severe phenotypes. Mental retardation was a clinical feature associated with mutations of POMT1 gene. Detailed clinical data of 83 patients followed up in Peking University First Hospital were further analyzed. Our clinical and genetic analysis of a large cohort of Chinese patients with dystroglycanopathy expanded the genotype variation and clinical spectrum of congenital muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Haipo Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tingjun Dai
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxi Han
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kazuhiro Kobayashi
- Division of Neurology/Molecular Brain Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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4
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Geis T, Rödl T, Topaloğlu H, Balci-Hayta B, Hinreiner S, Müller-Felber W, Schoser B, Mehraein Y, Hübner A, Zirn B, Hoopmann M, Reutter H, Mowat D, Schuierer G, Schara U, Hehr U, Kölbel H. Clinical long-time course, novel mutations and genotype-phenotype correlation in a cohort of 27 families with POMT1-related disorders. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:179. [PMID: 31311558 PMCID: PMC6636095 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The protein O-mannosyltransferase 1, encoded by the POMT1 gene, is a key enzyme in the glycosylation of α-dystroglycan. POMT1–related disorders belong to the group of dystroglycanopathies characterized by a proximally pronounced muscular dystrophy with structural or functional involvement of the brain and/or the eyes. The phenotypic spectrum ranges from the severe Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) to milder forms of limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). The phenotypic severity of POMT1-related dystroglycanopathies depends on the residual enzyme activity. A genotype-phenotype correlation can be assumed. Results The clinical, neuroradiological, and genetic findings of 35 patients with biallelic POMT1 mutations (15 WWS, 1 MEB (muscle-eye-brain disease), 19 LGMD) from 27 independent families are reported. The representative clinical course of an infant with WWS and the long-term course of a 32 years old patient with LGMD are described in more detail. Specific features of 15 patients with the homozygous founder mutation p.Ala200Pro are defined as a distinct and mildly affected LGMD subgroup. Ten previously reported and 8 novel POMT1 mutations were identified. Type and location of each of the POMT1 mutations are evaluated in detail and a list of all POMT1 mutations reported by now is provided. Patients with two mutations leading to premature protein termination had a WWS phenotype, while the presence of at least one missense mutation was associated with milder phenotypes. In the patient with MEB-like phenotype two missense mutations were observed within the catalytic active domain of the enzyme. Conclusions Our large cohort confirms the importance of type and location of each POMT1 mutation for the individual clinical manifestation and thereby expands the knowledge on the genotype-phenotype correlation in POMT1-related dystroglycanopathies. This genotype-phenotype correlation is further supported by the observation of an intrafamiliar analogous clinical manifestation observed in all affected 13 siblings from 5 independent families. Our data confirm the progressive nature of the disease also in milder LGMD phenotypes, ultimately resulting in loss of ambulation at a variable age. Our data define two major clinical POMT1 phenotypes, which should prompt genetic testing including the POMT1 gene: patients with a severe WWS manifestation predominantly present with profound neonatal muscular hypotonia and a severe and progressive hydrocephalus with involvement of brainstem and/or cerebellum. The presence of an occipital encephalocele in a WWS patient might point to POMT1 as causative gene within the different genes associated with WWS. The milder LGMD phenotypes constantly show markedly elevated creatine kinase values in combination with microcephaly and cognitive impairment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-019-1119-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Geis
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Klinik St. Hedwig, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Steinmetzstr. 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Tanja Rödl
- Center for Human Genetics, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Haluk Topaloğlu
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Balci-Hayta
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Neurologische Klinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yasmin Mehraein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Hübner
- Pediatrics, University Hospital, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Zirn
- Genetic Counselling and Diagnostic, Genetikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Hoopmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Heiko Reutter
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Mowat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schuierer
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schara
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ute Hehr
- Center for Human Genetics, Regensburg, Germany.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Heike Kölbel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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5
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Bai L, Kovach A, You Q, Kenny A, Li H. Structure of the eukaryotic protein O-mannosyltransferase Pmt1-Pmt2 complex. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2019; 26:704-711. [PMID: 31285605 PMCID: PMC6684406 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, a nascent peptide entering the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is scanned by two Sec61-translocon-associated large membrane machines for protein N-glycosylation and protein O-mannosylation, respectively. While the structure of the eight-protein oligosaccharyltransferase complex has been determined recently, the structures of mannosyltransferases of the PMT family, which are an integral part of ER protein homeostasis, are still unknown. Here we report cryo-EM structures of the S. cerevisiae Pmt1–Pmt2 complex bound to a donor and an acceptor peptide at 3.2-Å resolution, showing that each subunit contains 11 transmembrane helices and a lumenal β-trefoil fold termed the MIR domain. The structures reveal the substrate recognition model and confirm an inverting mannosyl-transferring reaction mechanism by the enzyme complex. Furthermore, we found that the transmembrane domains of Pmt1 and Pmt2 share a structural fold with the catalytic subunits of oligosaccharyltransferases, confirming a previously proposed evolutionary relationship between protein O-mannosylation and protein N-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bai
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Amanda Kovach
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Qinglong You
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Alanna Kenny
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Huilin Li
- Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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6
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Ge L, Zhang C, Wang Z, Chan SHS, Zhu W, Han C, Zhang X, Zheng H, Wu L, Jin B, Shan J, Mao B, Zhong J, Peng X, Cheng Y, Hu J, Sun Y, Lu J, Hua Y, Zhu S, Wei C, Wang S, Jiao H, Yang H, Fu X, Fan Y, Chang X, Wang S, Bao X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Yuan Y, Rutkowski A, Bönnemann CG, Wei W, Wu X, Xiong H. Congenital muscular dystrophies in China. Clin Genet 2019; 96:207-215. [PMID: 31066047 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous conditions. We launched a nationwide study to determine the frequency of CMD in the Chinese population and assess the status of diagnosis and disease management for CMD in China. Cases were chosen from databases in 34 tertiary academic hospitals from 29 first-level administrative divisions (provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, and special administrative regions), and medical records were reviewed to confirm the diagnoses. The study included 409 patients, of those patients who consented to genetic testing (n = 340), mutations were identified in 286 of them. The most common forms identified were LAMA2-related CMD (36.4%), followed by COL6-related CMD (23.2%) and α-dystroglycanopathy (21.0%). The forms of CMD related to mutations in LMNA and SEPN1 were less frequent (12.5% and 2.4%, respectively). We also recorded a significant difference in the diagnostic capabilities and disease management of CMD, with this being relatively backward in research centers from less developed regions. We provide, for the first time, comprehensive epidemiologic information of CMD in a large cohort of Chinese people. To our knowledge, this is the largest sample size of its kind so far highlighting the prevalence of CMD in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sophelia H S Chan
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenhua Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxi Han
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingli Shan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Mao
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianmin Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyin Peng
- Department of Neurology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics Children's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaying Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Junlan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Sainan Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuijie Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Jiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haipo Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbin Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhi Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingmin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Anne Rutkowski
- Kaiser Permanente SCPMG Cure CMD, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wei Wei
- Beijing Kangso Medical Inspection Co., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Xiru Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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7
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Miao A, Zhang K, Yu J, He W, Lu Y, Zhu X. How many challenges we may encounter in anterior megalophthalmos with white cataract: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2019; 19:122. [PMID: 31146719 PMCID: PMC6543662 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-019-1133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anterior megalophthalmos is a rare congenital disease which mainly features enlargement of the anterior segment. Cataract surgeries in anterior megalophthalmos can be challenging due to the anatomical anomalies while the studies upon the surgical design have been less integrated. Case presentation A 37-year-old woman presented with progressively blurred vision in the right eye after a transient fever 10 months ago. Her ocular history included hypermetropia with a spherical equivalent of + 4.00 OU. The review of systems showed bilateral varus deformity of distal interphalangeal joints on the little fingers. The patient denied family history of hereditary ocular diseases and her sister was born with uterus didelphys. On initial examinations, the corrected distance visual acuity was hand motion OD and 20/33 OS. Her intraocular pressure was 15 mmHg OD and 16 mmHg OS. Horizontal corneal diameter was 14 mm OD and 13.88 mm OS and axial length was 24.87 mm OD and 25 mm OS. Anterior segment photography showed bilateral iridal atrophy with deficiency in pupillary dilation and white cortically mature cataract in the right eye. Inspection by anterior segment optical coherence tomography indicated bilateral augmented anterior chambers with backward iridal concave on horizontal orientation. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed partially peripheral anterior synechiae and pectinate ligaments at chamber angle in both eyes and opacified lens with the apparently elongated suspensory ligaments in the right eye. A deliberately selected 1-piece foldable intraocular lens (IOL) with frame haptics was implanted after phacoemulsification for good IOL stability. During the follow-up, the visual rehabilitation appeared relatively good and a lower degree of IOL dislocation comparing with existing reports was verified by OPD-Scan III aberrometry. Conclusions We presented the challenges and the original findings from a case of congenital anterior megalophthalmos with white cataract who underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. This is the first report describing the comparison of the different IOL power calculation formulas in anterior megalophthalmos. Compared to the SRK/T and the Holladay II formulas, the Haigis formula could be a more accurate choice for the IOL calculation in anterior megalophthalmos according to our case. Moreover, the deliberate selection of IOLs is essential for IOL stability in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Miao
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jifeng Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen He
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Francisco R, Pascoal C, Marques-da-Silva D, Morava E, Gole GA, Coman D, Jaeken J, Dos Reis Ferreira V. Keeping an eye on congenital disorders of O-glycosylation: A systematic literature review. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:29-48. [PMID: 30740740 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a rapidly growing family comprising >100 genetic diseases. Some 25 CDG are pure O-glycosylation defects. Even among this CDG subgroup, phenotypic diversity is broad, ranging from mild to severe poly-organ/system dysfunction. Ophthalmic manifestations are present in 60% of these CDG. The ophthalmic manifestations in N-glycosylation-deficient patients have been described elsewhere. The present review documents the spectrum and incidence of eye disorders in patients with pure O-glycosylation defects with the aim of assisting diagnosis and management and promoting research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Francisco
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Portuguese Association for CDG, Lisbon, Portugal
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlota Pascoal
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Portuguese Association for CDG, Lisbon, Portugal
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dorinda Marques-da-Silva
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Portuguese Association for CDG, Lisbon, Portugal
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eva Morava
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Metabolic Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Glen A Gole
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Queensland, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Coman
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, The Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jaak Jaeken
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Metabolic Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Dos Reis Ferreira
- Portuguese Association for CDG, Lisbon, Portugal
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Lisbon, Portugal
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9
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Hu P, Yuan L, Deng H. Molecular genetics of the POMT1-related muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathies. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2018; 778:45-50. [PMID: 30454682 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein O-mannosyltransferase 1 (POMT1) is a critical enzyme participating in the first step of protein O-mannosylation. Mutations in the coding gene, POMT1, have been described to be related to a series of autosomal recessive disorders associated with defective alpha-dystroglycan glycosylation, later termed muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathies (MDDGs). MDDGs are characterized by a broad phenotypic spectrum of congenital muscular dystrophy or later-onset limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, accompanied by variable degrees of intellectual disability, brain defects, and ocular abnormalities. To date, at least 76 disease-associated mutations in the POMT1 gene, including missense, nonsense, splicing, deletion, insertion/duplication, and insertion-deletion mutations, have been reported in the literature. In this review, we highlight the present knowledge of the identified disease-associated POMT1 gene mutations and genetic animal models related to the POMT1 gene. This review may help further normative classification of phenotypes, assist in definite clinical and genetic diagnoses, and genetic counseling, and may comprehensively improve our understanding of the basis of complex phenotypes and possible pathogenic mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhi Hu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China; Department of Radiology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lamei Yuan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.
| | - Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China.
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10
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Fu XN, Xiong H. Genetic and Clinical Advances of Congenital Muscular Dystrophy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:2624-2631. [PMID: 29067961 PMCID: PMC5678264 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.217091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to update the genetic and clinical advances of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD), based on a systematic review of the literature from 1991 to 2017. Data Sources: Articles in English published in PubMed from 1991 to 2017 English were searched. The terms used in the literature searches were CMD. Study Selection: The task force initially identified citations for 98 published articles. Of the 98 articles, 52 studies were selected after further detailed review. Three articles, which were not written in English, were excluded from the study. This study referred to all the important and English literature in full. Results: CMD is a group of early-onset disorders encompassing great clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Patients present with muscle weakness typically from birth to early infancy, delay or arrest of gross motor development, and joint and/or spinal rigidity. The diagnosis of CMD relies on clinical findings, brain and muscle imaging, muscle biopsy histology, muscle and/or skin immunohistochemical staining, and molecular genetic testing. Conclusions: Advances in next-generation sequencing and histopathological techniques have enabled the recognition of distinct CMD subtypes supported by specific gene identification. Genetic counseling and multidisciplinary management of CMD play an important role in help patients and their family. Further elucidation of the significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, therapeutic targets, and the clinical care for patients remains our challenge for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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11
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McElhanon KE, Bhattacharya S. Altered membrane integrity in the progression of muscle diseases. Life Sci 2017; 192:166-172. [PMID: 29183798 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sarcolemmal integrity is orchestrated through the interplay of preserving membrane strength and fast tracking the membrane repair process during an event of compromised membrane fragility. Several molecular players have been identified that act in a concerted fashion to maintain the barrier function of the muscle membrane. Substantial research findings in the field of muscle biology point out the importance of maintaining membrane integrity as a key contributory factor to cellular homeostasis. Innumerable data on the progression of membrane pathology associated with compromised muscle membrane integrity support targeting sarcolemmal integrity in skeletal and cardiac muscle as a model therapeutic strategy to alleviate some of the pathologic conditions. This review will discuss strategies that researchers have undertaken to compensate for an imbalance in sarcolemma membrane fragility and membrane repair to maintain muscle membrane integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin E McElhanon
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210-1252, United States
| | - Sayak Bhattacharya
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 473 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210-1252, United States.
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12
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Bausewein D, Engel J, Jank T, Schoedl M, Strahl S. Functional Similarities between the Protein O-Mannosyltransferases Pmt4 from Bakers' Yeast and Human POMT1. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:18006-15. [PMID: 27358400 PMCID: PMC5016187 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.739128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-mannosylation is an essential post-translational modification. It is initiated in the endoplasmic reticulum by a family of protein O-mannosyltransferases that are conserved from yeast (PMTs) to human (POMTs). The degree of functional conservation between yeast and human protein O-mannosyltransferases is uncharacterized. In bakers' yeast, the main in vivo activities are due to heteromeric Pmt1-Pmt2 and homomeric Pmt4 complexes. Here we describe an enzymatic assay that allowed us to monitor Pmt4 activity in vitro. We demonstrate that detergent requirements and acceptor substrates of yeast Pmt4 are different from Pmt1-Pmt2, but resemble that of human POMTs. Furthermore, we mimicked two POMT1 amino acid exchanges (G76R and V428D) that result in severe congenital muscular dystrophies in humans, in yeast Pmt4 (I112R and I435D). In vivo and in vitro analyses showed that general features such as protein stability of the Pmt4 variants were not significantly affected, however, the mutants proved largely enzymatically inactive. Our results demonstrate functional and biochemical similarities between POMT1 and its orthologue from bakers' yeast Pmt4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bausewein
- From the Centre for Organismal Studies, Cell Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Engel
- From the Centre for Organismal Studies, Cell Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Jank
- From the Centre for Organismal Studies, Cell Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Schoedl
- From the Centre for Organismal Studies, Cell Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Strahl
- From the Centre for Organismal Studies, Cell Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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