1
|
Bai L, Zhou J, Tong L, Ding W. Association between body composition and blood pressure in normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:240. [PMID: 35501836 PMCID: PMC9063238 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess the associations of body fat distribution and lean body mass (LBM) with blood pressure (BP) in normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents. Methods A total of 898 normal-weight Chinese children and adolescents, aged 10–18 years, were included this cross-sectional study via a cluster sampling method. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was used to measure body composition. The participants were measured for blood pressure (BP) using a calibrated electronic sphygmomanometer according to the standard method by the "American Hypertension Education Project Working Group". Results Body composition was related to abnormal BP in normal-weight children and adolescents. After the model adjusted for age, smoking, and drinking, regression analysis showed that fat mass percentage (FMP) was negatively associated with abnormal BP, while LBM was positively associated with abnormal BP in boys(P < 0.05). Whereas FMP and visceral fat level (VFL) were positively associated with abnormal BP in girls (P < 0.05). Conclusions There are sex differences in the relationships between total body fat, visceral fat and lean body mass with abnormal BP in normal-weight youths. Therefore, it is of great significance to pay attention to the relative influence of the body composition of the boys and girls in the prevention and treatment of hypertension in youths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Bai
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Lingling Tong
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Wenqing Ding
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, No.1160, Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alshnbari A, Idris I. Can sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor reduce the risk of adverse complications due to COVID-19? - Targeting hyperinflammation. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:357-364. [PMID: 35057687 PMCID: PMC8787835 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2027141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are antidiabetic drugs with numerous pleiotropic and positive clinical effects, particularly regarding a reno-cardiovascular protective effect. More recent studies, including from our laboratory, have highlighted some novel anti-inflammatory activity of SGLT-2 inhibitors. This may confer a theoretical advantage in mitigating excessive cytokine production and inflammatory response associated with serious COVID-19 infection. Specifically, earlier research has demonstrated that SGLT-2 inhibitors are associated with a notable decrease in inflammatory indicators, for example, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and interleukin-6. Furthermore, SGLT-2 inhibitors exhibit a favourable impact on the vascular endothelium function; this could pertinence the prophylaxis of the thrombotic issues that arise in SARS-CoV-2. This review provides an overview of the COVID-19 indirect immune response mechanisms impacting the cardiovascular system and the possible effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on the management of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Alshnbari
- Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Iskandar Idris
- Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, NIHR, Nottingham BRC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospitals Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
- CONTACT Iskandar Idris Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Uttoxeter Road, DerbyDE22 3DT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ellington M, Connelly J, Clayton P, Lorenzo CY, Collazo-Velazquez C, Trak-Fellermeier MA, Palacios C. Use of Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter for recruiting healthy participants in nutrition-, physical activity-, or obesity-related studies: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 115:514-533. [PMID: 34669955 PMCID: PMC8827067 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited systematic reviews exploring the use of social media for recruiting participants specifically for nutrition-, physical activity-, and obesity-related studies. OBJECTIVES The aim was to conduct a systematic review on the effectiveness of using social media (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter) for recruiting healthy participants in nutrition-, physical activity-, or obesity-related studies. METHODS Studies were identified from 5 databases and included if they reported the number of participants recruited by social media (Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter) vs. traditional (print, e-mail, etc.). The effectiveness of recruitment was compared between methods by study procedures (in-person vs. online procedures). The cost-effectiveness of methods was also explored. The protocol was published in the Prospero database (ID# CRD42020204414). RESULTS Twenty-six studies were included. Among studies with both types of recruitment methods, 49% of the sample was reached through traditional methods, 40% through social media, and the rest by other methods. For in-person study procedures, the median number of participants recruited using social media was 19 (range: 3-278) and for online study procedures, it was 298 (range: 3-17,069). Median recruitment cost using social media (n = 14 studies) was $11.90 (range: $0-517) per participant, while this varied considerably for traditional methods depending on how it was calculated ($214, $18.9-$777). The ratio of participants reached vs. recruited was 0.12%; the overall ratio of participants interactions vs. recruited was 21.2%. CONCLUSIONS For in-person study procedures, traditional recruitment methods were more effective than social media, but for online study procedures, about half reported that social media was more effective. While more potential participants were reached through social media, only 21.2% of those who interacted with ads were enrolled. With the increased use of social media, their use for recruitment may be more frequent; therefore, future reviews may show different results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malik Ellington
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeneene Connelly
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Priscilla Clayton
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C Yaisli Lorenzo
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Christina Collazo-Velazquez
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - María Angélica Trak-Fellermeier
- Dietetics and Nutrition Department, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Koziarska-Rościszewska M, Gluba-Brzózka A, Franczyk B, Rysz J. High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Relationship with Metabolic Disorders and Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080742. [PMID: 34440486 PMCID: PMC8400111 DOI: 10.3390/life11080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Chronic inflammation is considered to be involved in the development of CVD. It is important to find a simple test that enables the identification of patients at risk and that may be used in primary care. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with selected factors—age, gender, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hyperuricemia, vitamin D-25(OH)D, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and hypertension. Results. Statistically significant correlations were found between hsCRP and the following: age (rs = 0.304, p = 0.0000); gender (female) (p = 0.0173); BMI (rs = 0.295, p = 0.0001); waist circumference (rs = 0.250, p = 0.0007); dyslipidemia (p = 0.0159); glycemia (rs = 0.173, p = 0.0207); and significant negative correlations between hsCRP and 25(OH)D (rs = −0.203, p = 0.0065). In patients with CVD, hypertension, diabetes, or visceral obesity, hsCRP was significantly higher than in the subgroup without these disorders. There was a statistically significant relationship between hsCRP and the number of the metabolic syndrome elements (p = 0.0053). Conclusions. The hsCRP test seem to be a simple test that may be used at the primary care level to identify patients at risk of metabolic disorders, CVD, and hypertension. Vitamin D concentration may be a determining factor of systemic inflammation (it may have a modulating effect).
Collapse
|
5
|
Pereira DDS, Oliveira MHD, Conde WL. Overweight and Risk of Noncommunicable Diseases in Adulthood: An Analysis of NHANES IV 2015-2016. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:392-398. [PMID: 33783330 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1891586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, overweight is one of the main risk factors for Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs). In this scenario, Body Mass Index (BMI) is the main tool to assess nutritional status of the adult population. AIM To analyze the association between overweight and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and/or high blood pressure (HBP) during adulthood. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We used data of subjects aged between 30-64 years old from the United States National Survey of Health and Nutrition Examination (2015-2016). We calculated the risk of developing T2DM and/or HBP in adulthood using a Log-Binomial Regression model. We included sampling weights in our analysis and we adjusted it for confounding factors. RESULTS We evaluated a total of 2,666 individuals. Overweight affected around 38% of the sample when they were 25 years old and around 70% during the interview. We found 4 factors (overweight, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and age) that were positively associated with the development of T2DM and/or HBP. Long-term overweight more than doubles the risk of developing these diseases [RR = 2.44; 95%CI: 1.92-3.09]. CONCLUSION The incidence of T2DM and/or HBP were positively associated with the overweight in adulthood. These results suggest that the prevention of overweight could decrease NCDs prevalence into adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wolney Lisboa Conde
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raina R, Polaconda S, Nair N, Chakraborty R, Sethi S, Krishnappa V, Kapur G, Mhanna M, Kusumi K. Association of pulse pressure, pulse pressure index, and ambulatory arterial stiffness index with kidney function in a cross-sectional pediatric chronic kidney disease cohort from the CKiD study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2020; 22:1059-1069. [PMID: 32472978 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of adult and pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) populations are mainly driven by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Improving CVD outcomes focuses on risk assessment of factors including diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), pulse pressure (PP), and pulse pressure index (PPi), which is calculated as PP/SBP. These markers are also proven predictors of CKD progression; however, their role in children has not been established. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between PP, PPi, ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI), and proteinuria with kidney function in pediatric CKD patients; it is a retrospective analysis of 620 patients (1-16 years) from the NIDDK Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) registry. The authors analyzed data for three separate cohorts: an overall CKD as well as immunological versus non-immunological cause for CKD groups. An inverse relationship was found between SBP, DBP, and PP with iGFR and LVMI in the overall CKD group. Our immunological CKD subgroup showed significantly higher serum creatinine, SBP, DBP, and PP values with significantly lower serum albumin levels compared to the non-immunological group. There were no significant differences with iohexol-based glomerular filtration rate (iGFR), LVMI, PPi, or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) between the two groups. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that SBP, DBP, and PP all correlated significantly with LVMI in the immunological CKD patients but not the non-immunological subgroup. Additionally, AASI data in the overall CKD population were significantly correlated with PP, PPi, and DBP. This study is one of the first to correlate noninvasive measurements of vascular compliance including PP, PPi, and AASI with iGFR and LVMI in a pediatric CKD cohort. Improving our understanding of surrogate markers for early CVD is integral to improving the care of pediatric CKD population as these patients have yet to develop the hard end points of ESRD, heart failure, myocardial infarction, or stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Raina
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio, USA.,Akron Nephrology Associates, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Shyam Polaconda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nikhil Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ronith Chakraborty
- Akron Nephrology Associates, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, Ohio, USA
| | - Sidharth Sethi
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - Vinod Krishnappa
- Consortium of Eastern Ohio Master of Public Health student, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, USA
| | - Gaurav Kapur
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Maroun Mhanna
- Department of Pediatrics, MetroHealth, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kirsten Kusumi
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yaribeygi H, Butler AE, Atkin SL, Katsiki N, Sahebkar A. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and inflammation in chronic kidney disease: Possible molecular pathways. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:223-230. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2018; 119:859-879. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis study systematised and synthesised the results of observational studies that were aimed at supporting the association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors among adolescents. Relevant scientific articles were searched in PUBMED, EMBASE, SCIENCE DIRECT, LILACS, WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS. Observational studies that included the measurement of any CMR factor in healthy adolescents and dietary patterns were included. The search strategy retained nineteen articles for qualitative analysis. Among retained articles, the effects of dietary pattern on the means of BMI (n 18), waist circumference (WC) (n 9), systolic blood pressure (n 7), diastolic blood pressure (n 6), blood glucose (n 5) and lipid profile (n 5) were examined. Systematised evidence showed that an unhealthy dietary pattern appears to be associated with poor mean values of CMR factors among adolescents. However, evidence of a protective effect of healthier dietary patterns in this group remains unclear. Considering the number of studies with available information, a meta-analysis of anthropometric measures showed that dietary patterns characterised by the highest intake of unhealthy foods resulted in a higher mean BMI (0·57 kg/m²; 95 % CI 0·51, 0·63) and WC (0·57 cm; 95 % CI 0·47, 0·67) compared with low intake of unhealthy foods. Controversially, patterns characterised by a low intake of healthy foods were associated with a lower mean BMI (−0·41 kg/m²; 95 % CI −0·46,−0·36) and WC (−0·43 cm; 95 % CI −0·52,−0·33). An unhealthy dietary pattern may influence markers of CMR among adolescents, but considering the small number and limitations of the studies included, further studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence of this relation.
Collapse
|
9
|
Anderson WD, DeCicco D, Schwaber JS, Vadigepalli R. A data-driven modeling approach to identify disease-specific multi-organ networks driving physiological dysregulation. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005627. [PMID: 28732007 PMCID: PMC5521738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple physiological systems interact throughout the development of a complex disease. Knowledge of the dynamics and connectivity of interactions across physiological systems could facilitate the prevention or mitigation of organ damage underlying complex diseases, many of which are currently refractory to available therapeutics (e.g., hypertension). We studied the regulatory interactions operating within and across organs throughout disease development by integrating in vivo analysis of gene expression dynamics with a reverse engineering approach to infer data-driven dynamic network models of multi-organ gene regulatory influences. We obtained experimental data on the expression of 22 genes across five organs, over a time span that encompassed the development of autonomic nervous system dysfunction and hypertension. We pursued a unique approach for identification of continuous-time models that jointly described the dynamics and structure of multi-organ networks by estimating a sparse subset of ∼12,000 possible gene regulatory interactions. Our analyses revealed that an autonomic dysfunction-specific multi-organ sequence of gene expression activation patterns was associated with a distinct gene regulatory network. We analyzed the model structures for adaptation motifs, and identified disease-specific network motifs involving genes that exhibited aberrant temporal dynamics. Bioinformatic analyses identified disease-specific single nucleotide variants within or near transcription factor binding sites upstream of key genes implicated in maintaining physiological homeostasis. Our approach illustrates a novel framework for investigating the pathogenesis through model-based analysis of multi-organ system dynamics and network properties. Our results yielded novel candidate molecular targets driving the development of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and immune dysfunction. Complex diseases such as hypertension often involve maladaptive autonomic nervous system control over the cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, immune, and endocrine systems. We studied the pathogenesis of physiological homeostasis by examining the temporal dynamics of gene expression levels from multiple organs in an animal model of autonomic dysfunction characterized by cardiovascular disease, metabolic dysregulation, and immune system aberrations. We employed a data-driven modeling approach to jointly predict continuous gene expression dynamics and gene regulatory interactions across organs in the disease and control phenotypes. We combined our analyses of multi-organ gene regulatory network dynamics and connectivity with bioinformatic analyses of genetic mutations that could regulate gene expression. Our multi-organ modeling approach to investigate the mechanisms of complex disease pathogenesis revealed novel candidates for therapeutic interventions against the development and progression of complex diseases involving autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warren D. Anderson
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Danielle DeCicco
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James S. Schwaber
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
- Daniel Baugh Institute for Functional Genomics and Computational Biology, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|