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Rossi S, Richards EL, Orozco G, Eyre S. Functional Genomics in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7349. [PMID: 39000456 PMCID: PMC11242296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune cutaneous condition that significantly impacts quality of life and represents a burden on society due to its prevalence. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have pinpointed several psoriasis-related risk loci, underlining the disease's complexity. Functional genomics is paramount to unveiling the role of such loci in psoriasis and disentangling its complex nature. In this review, we aim to elucidate the main findings in this field and integrate our discussion with gold-standard techniques in molecular biology-i.e., Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-and high-throughput technologies. These tools are vital to understanding how disease risk loci affect gene expression in psoriasis, which is crucial in identifying new targets for personalized treatments in advanced precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephen Eyre
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (S.R.); (E.L.R.); (G.O.)
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Hernandez-Nicols BF, Robledo-Pulido JJ, Alvarado-Navarro A. Etiopathogenesis of Psoriasis: Integration of Proposed Theories. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:348-415. [PMID: 38240030 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2302823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by squamous and erythematous plaques on the skin and the involvement of the immune system. Global prevalence for psoriasis has been reported around 1-3% with a higher incidence in adults and similar proportions between men and women. The risk factors associated with psoriasis are both extrinsic and intrinsic, out of which a polygenic predisposition is a highlight out of the latter. Psoriasis etiology is not yet fully described, but several hypothesis have been proposed: 1) the autoimmunity hypothesis is based on the over-expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37, the proteins ADAMTSL5, K17, and hsp27, or lipids synthesized by the PLA2G4D enzyme, all of which may serve as autoantigens to promote the differentiation of autoreactive lymphocytes T and unleash a chronic inflammatory response; 2) dysbiosis of skin microbiota hypothesis in psoriasis has gained relevance due to the observations of a loss of diversity and the participation of pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus spp. or Staphylococcus spp. the fungi Malassezia spp. or Candida spp. and the virus HPV, HCV, or HIV in psoriatic plaques; 3) the oxidative stress hypothesis, the most recent one, describes that the cell injury and the release of proinflammatory mediators and antimicrobial peptides that leads to activate of the Th1/Th17 axis observed in psoriasis is caused by a higher release of reactive oxygen species and the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. This review aims to describe the mechanisms involved in the three hypotheses on the etiopathogeneses of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Fernanda Hernandez-Nicols
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan José Robledo-Pulido
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Anabell Alvarado-Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Liu L, Xue Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Pan X, Huang Y, Chen T, Zhong J, Shao X, Pu Y, Chen J. Genome-wide DNA methylation of lesional and peri-lesional skin in vitiligo: a comparative and integrated analysis of multi-omics in Chinese population. Hum Genet 2024; 143:137-149. [PMID: 38182908 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have emphasized the role of DNA methylation in vitiligo. However, its profile in human skin of individuals with vitiligo remains unknown. Here, we aimed to study the DNA methylation profile of vitiligo using pairwise comparisons of lesions, peri-lesions, and healthy skin. We investigated DNA methylation levels in six lesional skin, six peri-lesional skin, and eight healthy skin samples using an Illumina 850 K methylation chip. We then integrated DNA methylation data with transcriptome data to identify differentially methylated and expressed genes (DMEGs) and analyzed their functional enrichment. Subsequently, we compared the methylation and transcriptome characteristics of all skin samples, and the related genes were further studied using scRNA-seq data. Finally, validation was performed using an external dataset. We observed more DNA hypomethylated sites in patients with vitiligo. Further integrated analysis identified 264 DMEGs that were mainly functionally enriched in cell division, pigmentation, circadian rhythm, fatty acid metabolism, peroxidase activity, synapse regulation, and extracellular matrix. In addition, in the peri-lesional skin, we found that methylation levels of 102 DMEGs differed prior to changes in their transcription levels and identified 16 key pre-DMEGs (ANLN, CDCA3, CENPA, DEPDC1, ECT2, DEPDC1B, HMMR, KIF18A, KIF18B, TTK, KIF23, DCT, EDNRB, MITF, OCA2, and TYRP1). Single-cell RNA analysis showed that these genes were associated with cycling keratinocytes and melanocytes. Further analysis of cellular communication indicated the involvement of the extracellular matrix. The expression of related genes was verified using an external dataset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report a comprehensive DNA methylation profile of clinical vitiligo and peri-lesional skin. These findings would contribute to future research on the pathogenesis of vitiligo and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuzhou Xue
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yangmei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xingyu Pan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yujing Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingqiao Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Judan Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyi Shao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yihuan Pu
- Department of Dermatology, Chongqing People's Hospital, Chongqing Academy of Medical Sciences, Chongqing, 401121, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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4
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Shani U, Ben-Shabat N, Qassem R, Lahat A, Omar M, Savin E, Dotan A, Patt YS, Fisher L, Zacay G, Amital H, Watad A, Sharif K. The association between psoriasis, psoriasis severity, and inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based analysis. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2024; 17:17562848241227037. [PMID: 38282955 PMCID: PMC10822082 DOI: 10.1177/17562848241227037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The skin-gut axis, characterized by bidirectional communication between the skin and gut, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Objectives We aimed to explore the association between psoriasis and IBD and identify predictors associated with IBD development among patients with psoriasis. Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods A retrospective study which utilized an electronic database from the Meuhedet Health Maintenance Organization (MHMO) in Israel. Psoriasis was categorized as severe if any systemic agent or phototherapy was administered. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify specific predictors for IBD, with adjustments made for potential confounders. The study received approval from the Ethical Committee of the MHMO. Results In total, 61,003 adult patients who were diagnosed with psoriasis between 2000 and 2022 were included. Among them, 1495/61,003 patients (2.4%) were diagnosed with IBD, as compared to 3834/244,012 patients (1.6%) in the non-psoriasis group [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37-1.56; p < 0.001]. Increased age (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01-1.02; p < 0.001), male gender (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03-1.45; p = 0.024), and Jewish ethnicity (OR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-4.1; p < 0.001) were identified as significant risk factors for IBD. Spondyloarthropathies, including psoriatic arthritis (OR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.86-2.77; p < 0.001) and ankylosing spondylitis (OR: 2.82; 95% CI: 1.5-5.32; p < 0.05), were associated with a higher prevalence of IBD. Furthermore, severe psoriasis was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of IBD, compared to mild psoriasis (OR: 16.03; 95% CI: 11.02-23.34; p < 0.001). Conclusion A significant association between psoriasis and IBD was demonstrated, including its subtypes: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Moreover, such association may depend on psoriasis severity as determined by the treatment used. This association warrants further investigation and implies a potential need for closer monitoring of patients with severe psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uria Shani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Niv Ben-Shabat
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roula Qassem
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Lahat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mahmud Omar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Einat Savin
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arad Dotan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yonatan Shneor Patt
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Fisher
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Galia Zacay
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Family Medicine, Meuhedet Health Maintenance Organization, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Howard Amital
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Abdulla Watad
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Section of Musculoskeletal Disease, NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Kassem Sharif
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
- Department of Medicine B, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel ashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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5
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Ganguly T, Laha S, Senapati S, Chatterjee G, Chatterjee R. Serum miRNA profiling identified miRNAs associated with disease severity in psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14973. [PMID: 37926911 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic, autoimmune skin disease involving a complex interplay of epidermal keratinocytes, dermal fibroblast and infiltrating immune cells. Differential expressions of miRNAs are observed in psoriasis and the deregulated miRNAs are sometimes associated with disease severity. This study aims to identify miRNAs altered in the serum of psoriasis patients that are associated with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). In order to assess miRNA levels in the serum of psoriasis patients, we selected 24 differentially expressed miRNAs in the psoriatic skin are possibly derived from the skin and immune cells, as well as five miRNAs that are enriched in other tissues. We identified 16 miRNAs that exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) altered levels in the serum of psoriasis patients compared to healthy individuals. Among these, 13 miRNAs showed similar expression pattern in the serum of psoriasis patients as also observed in the psoriatic skin tissues. Ten miRNAs showed an accuracy of greater than 75% in classifying the psoriasis patients from healthy individuals. Further analysis of differential miRNA levels between the low PASI group and the high PASI group identified three miRNAs (miR-147b, miR-3614-5p, and miR-125a-5p) with significantly altered levels between the low severity and the high severity psoriasis patients. Our systematic investigation of skin and immune cell-derived miRNAs in the serum of psoriasis patients revealed alteration in miRNA levels to be associated with disease severity, which may help in monitoring the disease progression and therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsa Ganguly
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayantan Laha
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Gobinda Chatterjee
- Department of Dermatology, IPGMER/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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6
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Sui JY, Eichenfield DZ, Sun BK. The role of enhancers in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2023; 190:10-19. [PMID: 37658835 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory elements, particularly enhancers, play a crucial role in disease susceptibility and progression. Enhancers are DNA sequences that activate gene expression and can be affected by epigenetic modifications, interactions with transcription factors (TFs) or changes to the enhancer DNA sequence itself. Altered enhancer activity impacts gene expression and contributes to disease. In this review, we define enhancers and the experimental techniques used to identify and characterize them. We also discuss recent studies that examine how enhancers contribute to atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. Articles in the PubMed database were identified (from 1 January 2010 to 28 February 2023) that were relevant to enhancer variants, enhancer-associated TFs and enhancer histone modifications in psoriasis or AD. Most enhancers associated with these conditions regulate genes affecting epidermal homeostasis or immune function. These discoveries present potential therapeutic targets to complement existing treatment options for AD and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Sui
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dawn Z Eichenfield
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bryan K Sun
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, CA, USA
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7
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Ghaffarinia A, Póliska S, Ayaydin F, Goblos A, Parvaneh S, Manczinger M, Balogh F, Erdei L, Veréb Z, Szabó K, Bata-Csörgő Z, Kemény L. Unraveling Transcriptome Profile, Epigenetic Dynamics, and Morphological Changes in Psoriasis-like Keratinocytes: "Insights into Similarity with Psoriatic Lesional Epidermis". Cells 2023; 12:2825. [PMID: 38132145 PMCID: PMC10741855 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes are one of the primary cells affected by psoriasis inflammation. Our study aimed to delve deeper into their morphology, transcriptome, and epigenome changes in response to psoriasis-like inflammation. We created a novel cytokine mixture to mimic mild and severe psoriasis-like inflammatory conditions in cultured keratinocytes. Upon induction of inflammation, we observed that the keratinocytes exhibited a mesenchymal-like phenotype, further confirmed by increased VIM mRNA expression and results obtained from confocal microscopy. We performed RNA sequencing to achieve a more global view, revealing 858 and 6987 DEGs in mildly and severely inflamed keratinocytes, respectively. Surprisingly, we found that the transcriptome of mildly inflamed keratinocytes more closely mimicked that of the psoriatic epidermis transcriptome than the severely inflamed keratinocytes. Genes involved in the IL-17 pathway were a major contributor to the similarities of the transcriptomes between mildly inflamed KCs and psoriatic epidermis. Mild and severe inflammation led to the gene regulation of epigenetic modifiers such as HATs, HDACs, DNMTs, and TETs. Immunofluorescence staining revealed distinct 5-hmC patterns in inflamed versus control keratinocytes, and consistently low 5-mC intensity in both groups. However, the global DNA methylation assay detected a tendency of decreased 5-mC levels in inflamed keratinocytes versus controls. This study emphasizes how inflammation severity affects the transcriptomic similarity of keratinocytes to psoriatic epidermis and proves dynamic epigenetic regulation and adaptive morphological changes in inflamed keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Ghaffarinia
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- HCEMM-USZ Functional Cell Biology and Immunology, Advanced Core Facility, H-6728 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aniko Goblos
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (Z.V.)
| | - Shahram Parvaneh
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Manczinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Systems Immunology Research Group, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-Systems Immunology Research Group, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Balogh
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lilla Erdei
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (Z.V.)
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.G.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (L.E.); (K.S.); (Z.B.-C.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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8
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Cruz-Correa OF, Pollock RA, Machhar R, Gladman DD. Prediction of Psoriatic Arthritis in Patients With Psoriasis Using DNA Methylation Profiles. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:2178-2184. [PMID: 37463128 DOI: 10.1002/art.42654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an immune-mediated inflammatory arthritis, associated with psoriasis, that significantly increases morbidity and mortality risk. We currently lack the means of predicting which patients with psoriasis will develop PsA, and a large number of patients remain undiagnosed. Regulation of gene expression through DNA methylation can potentially trigger and maintain PsA pathophysiological processes. We aimed to identify DNA methylation markers that can predict which patients with psoriasis will develop PsA prior to the onset of musculoskeletal symptoms. METHODS Genome-wide DNA methylation was assessed in blood samples from patients with psoriasis who went on to develop arthritis (converters) and patients with psoriasis who did not (biologic naive, matched for age, sex, psoriasis duration, and duration of follow-up). Methylation differences between converters and nonconverters were identified by a multivariate linear regression model including clinical covariates (age, sex, body mass index, smoking). Predictive performance of methylation markers was assessed by developing support vector machine classification models with and without the addition of clinical variables. RESULTS We identified a set of 36 highly relevant methylation markers (false discovery rate: adjusted P < 0.05 and a minimum change in methylation of 0.05) across 15 genes and several intergenic regions. A classification model relying on these markers identified converters and nonconverters with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9644. CONCLUSION This study shows that DNA methylation patterns at an early stage of psoriatic disease can distinguish between patients who will develop PsA from those who will not during the same follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Cruz-Correa
- Psoriatic Arthritis Research Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Remy A Pollock
- Psoriatic Arthritis Research Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rohan Machhar
- Psoriatic Arthritis Research Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Psoriatic Arthritis Research Program, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Guo J, Zhang H, Lin W, Lu L, Su J, Chen X. Signaling pathways and targeted therapies for psoriasis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:437. [PMID: 38008779 PMCID: PMC10679229 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and inflammatory skin disease with a high burden on individuals, health systems, and society worldwide. With the immunological pathologies and pathogenesis of psoriasis becoming gradually revealed, the therapeutic approaches for this disease have gained revolutionary progress. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of less common forms of psoriasis remain elusive. Furthermore, severe adverse effects and the recurrence of disease upon treatment cessation should be noted and addressed during the treatment, which, however, has been rarely explored with the integration of preliminary findings. Therefore, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms behind psoriasis pathogenesis, which might offer new insights for research and lead to more substantive progress in therapeutic approaches and expand clinical options for psoriasis treatment. In this review, we looked to briefly introduce the epidemiology, clinical subtypes, pathophysiology, and comorbidities of psoriasis and systematically discuss the signaling pathways involving extracellular cytokines and intracellular transmission, as well as the cross-talk between them. In the discussion, we also paid more attention to the potential metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms of psoriasis and the molecular mechanistic cascades related to its comorbidities. This review also outlined current treatment for psoriasis, especially targeted therapies and novel therapeutic strategies, as well as the potential mechanism of disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hanyi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wenrui Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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10
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Krishnan VS, Kõks S. Transcriptional Landscape of Repetitive Elements in Psoriatic Skin from Large Cohort Studies: Relevance to Psoriasis Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16725. [PMID: 38069048 PMCID: PMC10706217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
While studies demonstrating the expression of repetitive elements (REs) in psoriatic skin using RNA-seq have been published before, not many studies have focused on the genome-wide expression patterns using larger cohorts. This study investigated the transcriptional landscape of differentially expressed REs in lesional and non-lesional skin from two previously published large datasets. We observed significant differential expression of REs in lesional psoriatic skin as well as the skin of healthy controls. Significant downregulation of several ERVs, HERVs (including HERV-K) and LINEs was observed in lesional psoriatic skin from both datasets. The upregulation of a small subset of HERV-Ks and Alus in lesional psoriatic skin was also reported. An interesting finding from this expression data was the significant upregulation and overlapping of tRNA repetitive elements in lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin. The data from this study indicate the potential role of REs in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. The expression data from the two independent large study cohorts are powerful enough to confidently verify the differential expression of REs in relation to psoriatic skin pathology. Further studies are warranted to understand the functional impact of these repetitive elements in psoriasis pathogenesis, thereby expanding their significance as a potential targeting pathway for the disease treatment of psoriasis and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya S. Krishnan
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Discovery Way, Murdoch, WA 1650, Australia;
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, 8 Verdun St., Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Discovery Way, Murdoch, WA 1650, Australia;
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, 8 Verdun St., Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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11
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Saito-Sasaki N, Sawada Y. S100 Proteins in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3167. [PMID: 37891988 PMCID: PMC10606049 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13203167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin, the outermost layer of the human body, is exposed to various external stimuli that cause inflammatory skin reactions. These external stimulants trigger external epithelial cell damage and the release of intracellular substances. Following cellular damage or death, intracellular molecules are released that enhance tissue inflammation. As an important substance released from damaged cells, the S100 protein is a low-molecular-weight acidic protein with two calcium-binding sites and EF-hand motif domains. S100 proteins are widely present in systemic organs and interact with other proteins. Recent studies revealed the involvement of S100 in cutaneous inflammatory disorders, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. This review provides detailed information on the interactions among various S100 proteins in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Sawada
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan;
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12
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Liu L, Xue Y, Chen J, Li Y, Chen T, Pan X, Zhong J, Shao X, Chen Y, Chen J. DNA methylation profiling and integrative multi-omics analysis of skin samples reveal important contribution of epigenetics and immune response in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Clin Immunol 2023; 255:109773. [PMID: 37717673 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The regulatory effect of DNA methylation on the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris is completely unknown. Herein we analyzed the DNA methylation profile in skin samples of acne vulgaris and further integrated it with gene expression profiles and single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Finally, 31,134 differentially methylated sites and 770 differentially methylated and expressed genes (DMEGs) were identified. The multi-omics analysis suggested the importance of DNA methylation in inflammation and immunity in acne. And DMEGs were verified in an external dataset and were closely related to early inflammatory acne. Additionally, we conducted experiments to verify the mRNA expression and DNA methylation level of DMEGs. This study supports the significant contribution of epigenetics to the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris and may provide new ideas for the molecular mechanisms of and potential therapeutic strategies for acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhou Xue
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingqiao Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyu Pan
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Judan Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyi Shao
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangmei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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13
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Wu X, Ma Y, Wang L, Qin X. A Route for Investigating Psoriasis: From the Perspective of the Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14390. [PMID: 37762693 PMCID: PMC10532365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an incurable skin disease that develops in about two-thirds of patients before the age of 40 and requires lifelong treatment; its pathological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The core pathological process of psoriasis is epidermal thickening caused by the excessive proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes, which is similar to the key feature of cancer; the malignant proliferation of cancer cells causes tumor enlargement, suggesting that there is a certain degree of commonality between psoriasis and cancer. This article reviews the pathological mechanisms that are common to psoriasis and cancer, including the interaction between cell proliferation and an abnormal immune microenvironment, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic reprogramming. In addition, there are common therapeutic agents and drug targets between psoriasis and cancer. Thus, psoriasis and cancer share a common pathological mechanisms-drug targets-therapeutic agents framework. On this basis, it is proposed that investigating psoriasis from a cancer perspective is beneficial to enriching the research strategies related to psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingkang Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, China; (Y.M.); (L.W.)
| | | | | | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, China; (Y.M.); (L.W.)
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14
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Li Y, Wang M, Zhao L, Liang C, Li W. KYNU-related transcriptome profile and clinical outcome from 2994 breast tumors. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17216. [PMID: 37383199 PMCID: PMC10293725 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Catabolism of tryptophan modulates the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors. KYNU (Kynureninase) served as an enzyme involved in amino acid tryptophan catabolism through the kynurenine pathway. The molecular and clinical characteristics of KYNU remain unclear, and the impact of KYNU on the immune response has not been reported until now. We analyzed large-scale transcriptome data and related clinical information on 2994 breast cancer patients to characterize KYNU's role in breast cancer. There was a strong correlation between KYNU expression and major molecular and clinical characteristics, and it was more likely to be overexpressed in patients with higher malignancy subtypes. Inflammatory and immune responses were strongly correlated with KYNU. KYNU was also associated with immune modulators at the pan-cancer level, particularly its potential synergistic role with other immune checkpoints in breast cancer. KYNU expression was linked to the malignancy grade of breast cancer and predicted poorer outcomes. Tryptophan catabolism might play an important role in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment through KYNU. More significantly, KYNU might synergize with CTLA4, PDL2, IDO1, and other immune checkpoints, contributing to the development of combination cancer immunotherapy targeting KYNU and other checkpoints. As far as we are aware, this is the biggest and most thorough study describing KYNU's role in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Li
- Department of Breast, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Department of Breast, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Breast, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Breast, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Liu L, Ju M, Hu Y, Luan C, Zhang J, Chen K. Genome-wide DNA methylation and transcription analysis in psoriatic epidermis. Epigenomics 2023; 15:209-226. [PMID: 37158398 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To identify DNA methylation and transcription biomarkers in the psoriatic epidermis. Materials & methods: Gene transcription and DNA methylation datasets of psoriatic epidermal tissue were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Machine learning algorithm analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis were carried out to screen hub genes. Results: Differentially methylated and expressed genes were identified in the psoriatic epidermis. Six hub genes were selected - GZMB, CRIP1, S100A12, ISG15, CRABP2 and VNN1 - whose transcript levels showed a significant correlation with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores and immune infiltration. Conclusion: Psoriatic epidermis is primarily in a hypermethylated status. Epidermis-specific hub differentially methylated and expressed genes are potential biomarkers to help judge the condition of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Liu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Mei Ju
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Chao Luan
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Jiaan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
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16
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Zhang Y, Gao Y, Jiang Y, Ding Y, Chen H, Xiang Y, Zhan Z, Liu X. Histone demethylase KDM5B licenses macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses by repressing Nfkbia transcription. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1279-1292. [PMID: 36914768 PMCID: PMC10154333 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a critical role in the immune homeostasis and host defense against invading pathogens. However, uncontrolled activation of inflammatory macrophages leads to tissue injury and even fuels autoimmunity. Hence the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage activation need to be further elucidated. The effects of epigenetic modifications on the function of immune cells draw increasing attention. Here, we demonstrated that lysine-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B), a classical transcriptional repressor in stem cell development and cancer, was required for the full activation of NF-κB signaling cascade and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages. KDM5B deficiency or inhibitor treatment protected mice from immunologic injury in both collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model and endotoxin shock model. Genome-wide analysis of KDM5B-binding peaks identified that KDM5B was selectively recruited to the promoter of Nfkbia, the gene encoding IκBα, in activated macrophages. KDM5B mediated the H3K4me3 modification erasing and decreased chromatin accessibility of Nfkbia gene locus, coordinating the elaborate suppression of IκBα expression and the enhanced NF-κB-mediated macrophage activation. Our finding identifies the indispensable role of KDM5B in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and provides a candidate therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkai Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuyu Jiang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yingying Ding
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Department of Liver Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Xingguang Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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17
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Guo Y, Luo L, Zhu J, Li C. Multi-Omics Research Strategies for Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098018. [PMID: 37175722 PMCID: PMC10178671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) are multifactorial and heterogeneous inflammatory skin diseases, while years of research have yielded no cure, and the costs associated with caring for people suffering from psoriasis and AD are a huge burden on society. Integrating several omics datasets will enable coordinate-based simultaneous analysis of hundreds of genes, RNAs, chromatins, proteins, and metabolites in particular cells, revealing networks of links between various molecular levels. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in the fields of genomes, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics and discuss how they were used to identify biomarkers and understand the main pathogenic mechanisms underlying these diseases. Finally, we outline strategies for achieving multi-omics integration and how integrative omics and systems biology can advance our knowledge of, and ability to treat, psoriasis and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Lingling Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Chengrang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing 210042, China
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18
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Antonatos C, Asmenoudi P, Panoutsopoulou M, Vasilopoulos Y. Pharmaco-Omics in Psoriasis: Paving the Way towards Personalized Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087090. [PMID: 37108251 PMCID: PMC10139144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of high-throughput approaches has had a profound impact on personalized medicine, evolving the identification of inheritable variation to trajectory analyses of transient states and paving the way for the unveiling of response biomarkers. The utilization of the multi-layered pharmaco-omics data, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and relevant biological information, has facilitated the identification of key molecular biomarkers that can predict the response to therapy, thereby optimizing treatment regiments and providing the framework for a tailored treatment plan. Despite the availability of multiple therapeutic options for chronic diseases, the highly heterogeneous clinical response hinders the alleviation of disease signals and exacerbates the annual burden and cost of hospitalization and drug regimens. This review aimed to examine the current state of the pharmaco-omic approaches performed in psoriasis, a common inflammatory disease of the skin. We sought to identify central studies that investigate the inter-individual variability and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of drug response progression via biological profiling in psoriatic patients administered with the extended therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis, incorporating conventional therapies, small molecules, as well as biological drugs that inhibit central pathogenic cytokines involved in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalabos Antonatos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Paschalia Asmenoudi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Mariza Panoutsopoulou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Yiannis Vasilopoulos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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19
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Ghaffarinia A, Ayaydin F, Póliska S, Manczinger M, Bolla BS, Flink LB, Balogh F, Veréb Z, Bozó R, Szabó K, Bata-Csörgő Z, Kemény L. Psoriatic Resolved Skin Epidermal Keratinocytes Retain Disease-Residual Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054556. [PMID: 36901987 PMCID: PMC10002496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The disease-residual transcriptomic profile (DRTP) within psoriatic healed/resolved skin and epidermal tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells have been proposed to be crucial for the recurrence of old lesions. However, it is unclear whether epidermal keratinocytes are involved in disease recurrence. There is increasing evidence regarding the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Nonetheless, the epigenetic changes that contribute to the recurrence of psoriasis remain unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of keratinocytes in psoriasis relapse. The epigenetic marks 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) were visualized using immunofluorescence staining, and RNA sequencing was performed on paired never-lesional and resolved epidermal and dermal compartments of skin from psoriasis patients. We observed diminished 5-mC and 5-hmC amounts and decreased mRNA expression of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) 3 enzyme in the resolved epidermis. SAMHD1, C10orf99, and AKR1B10: the highly dysregulated genes in resolved epidermis are known to be associated with pathogenesis of psoriasis, and the DRTP was enriched in WNT, TNF, and mTOR signaling pathways. Our results suggest that epigenetic changes detected in epidermal keratinocytes of resolved skin may be responsible for the DRTP in the same regions. Thus, the DRTP of keratinocytes may contribute to site-specific local relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Ghaffarinia
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferhan Ayaydin
- HCEMM-USZ, Functional Cell Biology and Immunology, Advanced Core Facility, H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Máté Manczinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Systems Immunology Research Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, ELKH, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- HCEMM-Systems Immunology Research Group, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szilvia Bolla
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lili Borbála Flink
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Balogh
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory (HECRIN), Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Research Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Bozó
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Szabó
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Bata-Csörgő
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- ELKH-SZTE Dermatological Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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20
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The critical importance of epigenetics in autoimmune-related skin diseases. Front Med 2023; 17:43-57. [PMID: 36811762 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune-related skin diseases are a group of disorders with diverse etiology and pathophysiology involved in autoimmunity. Genetics and environmental factors may contribute to the development of these autoimmune disorders. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of these disorders are poorly understood, environmental variables that induce aberrant epigenetic regulations may provide some insights. Epigenetics is the study of heritable mechanisms that regulate gene expression without changing DNA sequences. The most important epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings regarding the function of epigenetic mechanisms in autoimmune-related skin disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus, bullous skin diseases, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis. These findings will expand our understanding and highlight the possible clinical applications of precision epigenetics approaches.
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Beranek M, Borsky P, Fiala Z, Andrys C, Hamakova K, Chmelarova M, Kovarikova H, Karas A, Kremlacek J, Palicka V, Borska L. Telomere length, oxidative and epigenetic changes in blood DNA of patients with exacerbated psoriasis vulgaris. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:68-74. [PMID: 36319514 PMCID: PMC9837651 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris involves changes in DNA molecules, genomic instability, telomere attrition, and epigenetic alterations among them. These changes are also considered important mechanisms of aging in cells and tissues. OBJECTIVE This study dealt with oxidation damage, telomere length and methylation status in DNA originating from peripheral blood of 41 psoriatic patients and 30 healthy controls. METHODS Oxidative damage of serum DNA/RNA was determined immunochemically. Real-time PCR was used for the analysis of the telomere length. ELISA technique determined levels of 5-methylcytosine in blood cells' DNA. RESULTS Oxidative damage of serum DNA/RNA was higher in patients than in controls (median, 3758 vs. 2286pg/mL, p<0.001). A higher length of telomeres per chromosome was found in patients whole-cell DNA than in controls (3.57 vs. 3.04 kilobases, p=0.011). A negative correlation of the length of telomeres with an age of the control subjects was revealed (Spearman's rho=-0.420, p=0.028). Insignificantly different levels of 5-methylcytosine in patients and controls were observed (33.20 vs. 23.35%, p=0.234). No influences of sex, smoking, BMI, PASI score, and metabolic syndrome on the methylation status were found. STUDY LIMITATIONS i) A relatively small number of the participants, particularly for reliable subgroup analyses, ii) the Caucasian origin of the participants possibly influencing the results of the parameters determined, and iii) Telomerase activity was not directly measured in serum or blood cells. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated increased levels of oxidized DNA/RNA molecules in the serum of patients with exacerbated psoriasis vulgaris. The results were minimally influenced by sex, the presence of metabolic syndrome, or cigarette smoking. In the psoriatic blood cells' DNA, the authors observed longer telomeres compared to healthy controls, particularly in females. Insignificantly higher global DNA methylation in psoriasis cases compared to the controls indicated marginal clinical importance of this epigenetic test performed in the blood cells' DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Beranek
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic,Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic,Corresponding author.
| | - Pavel Borsky
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kvetoslava Hamakova
- Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Chmelarova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Kovarikova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Karas
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kremlacek
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Palicka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Borska
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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22
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Kretzschmar GC, Targa ADS, Soares-Lima SC, dos Santos PI, Rodrigues LS, Macedo DA, Ribeiro Pinto LF, Lima MMS, Boldt ABW. Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Prevent Deleterious Effects of Rotenone on Object Novelty Recognition Memory and Kynu Expression in an Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122397. [PMID: 36553663 PMCID: PMC9778036 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a range of motor signs, but cognitive dysfunction is also observed. Supplementation with folic acid and vitamin B12 is expected to prevent cognitive impairment. To test this in PD, we promoted a lesion within the substantia nigra pars compacta of rats using the neurotoxin rotenone. In the sequence, the animals were supplemented with folic acid and vitamin B12 for 14 consecutive days and subjected to the object recognition test. We observed an impairment in object recognition memory after rotenone administration, which was prevented by supplementation (p < 0.01). Supplementation may adjust gene expression through efficient DNA methylation. To verify this, we measured the expression and methylation of the kynureninase gene (Kynu), whose product metabolizes neurotoxic metabolites often accumulated in PD as kynurenine. Supplementation prevented the decrease in Kynu expression induced by rotenone in the substantia nigra (p < 0.05), corroborating the behavioral data. No differences were observed concerning the methylation analysis of two CpG sites in the Kynu promoter. Instead, we suggest that folic acid and vitamin B12 increased global DNA methylation, reduced the expression of Kynu inhibitors, maintained Kynu-dependent pathway homeostasis, and prevented the memory impairment induced by rotenone. Our study raises the possibility of adjuvant therapy for PD with folic acid and vitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Canalli Kretzschmar
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Adriano D. S. Targa
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, National Cancer Institute, Research Coordination, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, RJ, Brazil
| | - Priscila Ianzen dos Santos
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Lais S. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. Macedo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, National Cancer Institute, Research Coordination, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M. S. Lima
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
| | - Angelica Beate Winter Boldt
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba 81531-990, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(41)-3361-1553
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23
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Yu J, Zhao Q, Wang X, Zhou H, Hu J, Gu L, Hu Y, Zeng F, Zhao F, Yue C, Zhou P, Li G, Li Y, Wu W, Zhou Y, Li J. Pathogenesis, multi-omics research, and clinical treatment of psoriasis. J Autoimmun 2022; 133:102916. [PMID: 36209691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease involving interactions between keratinocytes and immune cells that significantly affects the quality of life. It is characterized by hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes and excessive infiltration of immune cells in the dermis and epidermis. The immune mechanism underlying this disease has been elucidated in the past few years. Research shows that psoriasis is regulated by the complex interactions among immune cells, such as keratinocytes, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer cells, mast cells, and other immune cells. An increasing number of signaling pathways have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, which has prompted the search for new treatment targets. In the past decades, studies on the pathogenesis of psoriasis have focused on the development of targeted and highly effective therapies. In this review, we have discussed the relationship between various types of immune cells and psoriasis and summarized the major signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK-STAT, JNK, and WNT pathways. In addition, we have discussed the results of the latest omics research on psoriasis and the epigenetics of the disease, which provide insights regarding its pathogenesis and therapeutic prospects; we have also summarized its treatment strategies and observations of clinical trials. In this paper, the various aspects of psoriasis are described in detail, and the limitations of the current treatment methods are emphasized. It is necessary to improve and innovate treatment methods from the molecular level of pathogenesis, and further provide new ideas for the treatment and research of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Qixiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Linna Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yawen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Fanlian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Fulei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chengcheng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Guolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Wenling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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24
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Epigenetic Dysregulation in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:447-471. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Deng M, Su Y, Wu R, Li S, Zhu Y, Tang G, Shi X, Zhou T, Zhao M, Lu Q. DNA methylation markers in peripheral blood for psoriatic arthritis. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 108:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Antonatos C, Grafanaki K, Asmenoudi P, Xiropotamos P, Nani P, Georgakilas GK, Georgiou S, Vasilopoulos Y. Contribution of the Environment, Epigenetic Mechanisms and Non-Coding RNAs in Psoriasis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081934. [PMID: 36009480 PMCID: PMC9405550 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing research and clinical interest in the predisposition of psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, the multitude of genetic and environmental factors involved in its pathogenesis remain unclear. This complexity is further exacerbated by the several cell types that are implicated in Psoriasis’s progression, including keratinocytes, melanocytes and various immune cell types. The observed interactions between the genetic substrate and the environment lead to epigenetic alterations that directly or indirectly affect gene expression. Changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications that alter DNA-binding site accessibility, as well as non-coding RNAs implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation, are mechanisms of gene transcriptional activity modification and therefore affect the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Psoriasis. In this review, we summarize the research conducted on the environmental factors contributing to the disease onset, epigenetic modifications and non-coding RNAs exhibiting deregulation in Psoriasis, and we further categorize them based on the under-study cell types. We also assess the recent literature considering therapeutic applications targeting molecules that compromise the epigenome, as a way to suppress the inflammatory cutaneous cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalabos Antonatos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Paschalia Asmenoudi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Xiropotamos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Nani
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios K. Georgakilas
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Clinical and Laboratory Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 38334 Volos, Greece
| | - Sophia Georgiou
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Yiannis Vasilopoulos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence:
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27
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Tseng PY, Hoon MA. GPR15L is an epithelial inflammation-derived pruritogen. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm7342. [PMID: 35704588 PMCID: PMC9200282 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Itch is an unpleasant sensation that often accompanies chronic dermatological conditions. Although many of the itch receptors and the neural pathways underlying this sensation are known, the identity of endogenous ligands is still not fully appreciated. Using an unbiased bioinformatic approach, we identified GPR15L as a candidate pruritogen whose expression is robustly up-regulated in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Although GPR15L was previously shown to be a cognate ligand of the receptor GPR15, expressed in dermal T cells, here we show that it also contributes to pruritogenesis by activating Mas-related G protein-coupled receptors (MRGPRs). GPR15L can selectively stimulate mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons that express Mrgpra3 and evokes intense itch responses. GPR15L causes mast cell degranulation through stimulation of MRGPRX2 and Mrgprb2. Genetic disruption of GPR15L expression attenuates scratch responses in a mouse model of psoriasis. Our study reveals unrecognized features of GRP15L, showing that it is a potent itch-inducing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang-Yen Tseng
- Molecular Genetics Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research/NIH, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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28
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Dainichi T, Nakano Y, Doi H, Nakamizo S, Nakajima S, Matsumoto R, Farkas T, Wong PM, Narang V, Moreno Traspas R, Kawakami E, Guttman-Yassky E, Dreesen O, Litman T, Reversade B, Kabashima K. C10orf99/GPR15L Regulates Proinflammatory Response of Keratinocytes and Barrier Formation of the Skin. Front Immunol 2022; 13:825032. [PMID: 35273606 PMCID: PMC8902463 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.825032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermis, outermost layer of the skin, forms a barrier and is involved in innate and adaptive immunity in an organism. Keratinocytes participate in all these three protective processes. However, a regulator of keratinocyte protective responses against external dangers and stresses remains elusive. We found that upregulation of the orphan gene 2610528A11Rik was a common factor in the skin of mice with several types of inflammation. In the human epidermis, peptide expression of G protein-coupled receptor 15 ligand (GPR15L), encoded by the human ortholog C10orf99, was highly induced in the lesional skin of patients with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis. C10orf99 gene transfection into normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) induced the expression of inflammatory mediators and reduced the expression of barrier-related genes. Gene ontology analyses showed its association with translation, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), mitochondria, and lipid metabolism. Treatment with GPR15L reduced the expression levels of filaggrin and loricrin in human keratinocyte 3D cultures. Instead, their expression levels in mouse primary cultured keratinocytes did not show significant differences between the wild-type and 2610528A11Rik deficient keratinocytes. Lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of Il1b and Il6 was less in 2610528A11Rik deficient mouse keratinocytes than in wild-type, and imiquimod-induced psoriatic dermatitis was blunted in 2610528A11Rik deficient mice. Furthermore, repetitive subcutaneous injection of GPR15L in mouse ears induced skin inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that C10orf99/GPR15L is a primary inducible regulator that reduces the barrier formation and induces the inflammatory response of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruki Dainichi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuri Nakano
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Doi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamizo
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) Skin Research Laboratories (A*SRL), A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saeko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Drug Discovery for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reiko Matsumoto
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Thomas Farkas
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pui Mun Wong
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vipin Narang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ricardo Moreno Traspas
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- Advanced Data Science Project (ADSP), RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Oliver Dreesen
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) Skin Research Laboratories (A*SRL), A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas Litman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bruno Reversade
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) Skin Research Laboratories (A*SRL), A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
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Epigenetic Mechanisms of Epidermal Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094874. [PMID: 35563264 PMCID: PMC9102508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte differentiation is an essential process for epidermal stratification and stratum corneum formation. Keratinocytes proliferate in the basal layer of the epidermis and start their differentiation by changing their functional or phenotypical type; this process is regulated via induction or repression of epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) genes that play a pivotal role in epidermal development. Epidermal development and the keratinocyte differentiation program are orchestrated by several transcription factors, signaling pathways, and epigenetic regulators. The latter exhibits both activating and repressive effects on chromatin in keratinocytes via the ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers, histone demethylases, and genome organizers that promote terminal keratinocyte differentiation, and the DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, and Polycomb components that stimulate proliferation of progenitor cells and inhibit premature activation of terminal differentiation-associated genes. In addition, microRNAs are involved in different processes between proliferation and differentiation during the program of epidermal development. Here, we bring together current knowledge of the mechanisms controlling gene expression during keratinocyte differentiation. An awareness of epigenetic mechanisms and their alterations in health and disease will help to bridge the gap between our current knowledge and potential applications for epigenetic regulators in clinical practice to pave the way for promising target therapies.
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30
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Advanced genomics and clinical phenotypes in psoriatic arthritis. Semin Immunol 2021; 58:101665. [PMID: 36307312 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a complex polygenic inflammatory disease showing a variable musculoskeletal involvement in patients with skin psoriasis. PsA coexist in 25-40 % of patients with the dermatological manifestations, but PsA may also predate the appearance of psoriasis. Nonetheless, the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis and PsA manifest significant similarities, with a major role of the individual susceptibility in both cases. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) identified several genes/loci associated with the risk to develop PsA, both dependent and independent of psoriasis. The major challenge is thus represented by the need to translate the identification of functional polymorphisms and other genetics findings into biological mechanisms along with the identification of novel putative drug targets. A functional genomics approach aims to increase GWAS power and recent evidence supports the use of a multilayer process, including eQTL, methylome, chromatin conformation analysis and genome editing to discover novel genes that can be affected by disease-associated variants, such as PsA. The available data have considered PsA as a unique homogeneous clinical entity while the clinical experience supports a wide variability of skin and joint manifestations coexisting in diverse patients with different mechanisms underlying the musculoskeletal and dermatological domains. A better discrimination of the patient features is encouraged by the limited data on functional genomics. We provide herein a review of the latest findings on PsA functional genomics highlighting the exciting developments in the field and how these might lead to a better understanding of gene regulation underpinning disease mechanisms and ultimately refine clinical phenotyping.
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Liu Y, Cui S, Sun J, Yan X, Han D. Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Psoriasis by DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Datasets. Front Genet 2021; 12:722803. [PMID: 34512732 PMCID: PMC8427602 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.722803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis through regulating mRNA expressions. This study aimed to identify hub genes regulated by DNAm as biomarkers of psoriasis. Psoriatic skin tissues gene expression and methylation datasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, multiple computational approaches, including immune infiltration analysis, enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network establishment, and machine learning algorithm analysis (lasso, random forest, and SVM-RFE), were performed to analyze the regulatory networks, to recognize hub genes, and to clarify the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Finally, the hypermethylated genes were used to immune cell infiltration analysis, which revealed that psoriasis skin tissues were mainly composed of activated dendritic cells, resting mast cells, T follicular helper cells (cTfh), etc. Differentially expressed-methylated genes (DEMGs) were identified and partitioned into four subgroups and the 97 significantly hypermethylated and downregulated (hyper-down) genes accounted for the highest proportion (47%). Hyper-down genes were mainly enriched in glucose homeostasis, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, lipid storage disease, partial lipodystrophy, and insulin resistance. Furthermore, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10 (ARHGEF10) and retinoic acid induced 14 (RAI14) were identified as potential targets. These findings provided new ideas for future studies of psoriasis on the occurrence and the molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengnan Cui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongran Han
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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32
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The Role of Epigenetic Factors in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179294. [PMID: 34502197 PMCID: PMC8431057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, immune-mediated disease with an incidence of approximately 2%. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex and not yet fully understood. Genetic factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In predisposed individuals, multiple trigger factors may contribute to disease onset and exacerbations of symptoms. Environmental factors (stress, infections, certain medications, nicotinism, alcohol, obesity) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In addition, epigenetic mechanisms are considered result in modulation of individual gene expression and an increased likelihood of the disease. Studies highlight the significant role of epigenetic factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis. Epigenetic mechanisms in psoriasis include DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs. Epigenetic mechanisms induce gene expression changes under the influence of chemical modifications of DNA and histones, which alter chromatin structure and activate transcription factors of selected genes, thus leading to translation of new mRNA without affecting the DNA sequence. Epigenetic factors can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional (via histone modification, DNA methylation) and posttranscriptional levels (via microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs). This study aims to present and discuss the different epigenetic mechanisms in psoriasis based on a review of the available literature.
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Smits JPH, Dirks RAM, Qu J, Oortveld MAW, Brinkman AB, Zeeuwen PLJM, Schalkwijk J, Zhou H, Marks H, van den Bogaard EH. Terminal keratinocyte differentiation in vitro is associated with a stable DNA methylome. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1023-1032. [PMID: 32681572 PMCID: PMC8359404 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal compartment of the skin is regenerated constantly by proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes. Differentiation of a subset of these keratinocytes allows the epidermis to retain its barrier properties. Regulation of keratinocyte fate-whether to remain proliferative or terminally differentiate-is complex and not fully understood. The objective of our study was to assess if DNA methylation changes contribute to the regulation of keratinocyte fate. We employed genome-wide MethylationEPIC beadchip array measuring approximately 850 000 probes combined with RNA sequencing of in vitro cultured non-differentiated and terminally differentiated adult human primary keratinocytes. We did not observe a correlation between methylation status and transcriptome changes. Moreover, only two differentially methylated probes were detected, of which one was located in the TRIM29 gene. Although TRIM29 knock-down resulted in lower expression levels of terminal differentiation genes, these changes were minor. From these results, we conclude that-in our in vitro experimental setup-it is unlikely that changes in DNA methylation have an important regulatory role in terminal keratinocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos P. H. Smits
- Department of DermatologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS)Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc)NijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - René A. M. Dirks
- Department of Molecular BiologyFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jieqiong Qu
- Department of Molecular Developmental BiologyFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Merel A. W. Oortveld
- Department of DermatologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS)Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc)NijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Arie B. Brinkman
- Department of Molecular BiologyFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Patrick L. J. M. Zeeuwen
- Department of DermatologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS)Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc)NijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Joost Schalkwijk
- Department of DermatologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS)Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc)NijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Huiqing Zhou
- Department of Molecular Developmental BiologyFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsRIMLS, RadboudumcNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Marks
- Department of Molecular BiologyFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Ellen H. van den Bogaard
- Department of DermatologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS)Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc)NijmegenThe Netherlands
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Hedin CRH, Sonkoly E, Eberhardson M, Ståhle M. Inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis: modernizing the multidisciplinary approach. J Intern Med 2021; 290:257-278. [PMID: 33942408 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are immune-mediated diseases occurring in barrier organs whose main task is to protect the organism from attack. These disorders are highly prevalent especially in northern Europe where psoriasis has a prevalence of around 3-4% and IBD around 0.3%. The prevalence of IBD in North America has been estimated at around 0.4%. The total incidence rates in northern Europe have been estimated at around 6 for Crohn's disease and 11 for ulcerative colitis per 100 000 person-years, compared with an incidence rate of around 280 per 100 000 person-years for psoriasis. Both diseases are less common in countries with a lower index of development. The rise in IBD appears to occur as populations adopt a westernized lifestyle, whereas psoriasis seems more stable and prevalence differences may derive more from variation in genetic susceptibility. The gut microbiota is clearly an important driver of IBD pathogenesis; in psoriasis, changes in gut and skin microbiota have been reported, but it is less clear whether and how these changes contribute to the pathogenesis. Large studies show that most identified genes are involved in the immune system. However, psoriasis and IBD are highly heterogeneous diseases and there is a need for more precise and deeper phenotyping to identify specific subgroups and their genetic, epigenetic and molecular signatures. Epigenetic modifications of DNA such as histone modifications, noncoding RNA effects on transcription and translation and DNA methylation are increasingly recognized as the mechanism underpinning much of the gene-environment interaction in the pathogenesis of both IBD and psoriasis. Our understanding of underlying pathogenetic mechanisms has deepened fundamentally over the past decades developing hand in hand with novel therapies targeting pathways and proinflammatory cytokines incriminated in disease. There is not only substantial overlap between psoriasis and IBD, but also there are differences with implication for therapy. In psoriasis, drugs targeting interleukin-23 and interleukin-17 have shown superior efficacy compared with anti-TNFs, whilst in IBD, drugs targeting interleukin-17 may be less beneficial. The therapeutic toolbox for psoriasis is impressive and is enlarging also for IBD. Still, there are unmet needs reflecting the heterogeneity of both diseases and there is a need for closer molecular diagnostics to allow for the development of precise therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R H Hedin
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Gastroenterology, Medical Unit Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Sonkoly
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Dermatology, Medical Unit Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Eberhardson
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital in Linkoping, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - M Ståhle
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Dermatology, Medical Unit Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Zeng C, Tsoi LC, Gudjonsson JE. Dysregulated epigenetic modifications in psoriasis. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1156-1166. [PMID: 33756010 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The observed incidence of psoriasis has been gradually increasing over time (J Am Acad Dermatol, 03, 2009, 394), but the underlying pathogenic factors have remained unclear. Recent studies suggest the importance of epigenetic modification in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Aberrant epigenetic patterns including changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNA expression are observed in psoriatic skin. Reversing these epigenetic mechanisms has showed improvement in psoriatic phenotypes, making epigenetic therapy a potential avenue for psoriasis treatment. Here, we summarize relevant evidence for epigenetic dysregulation contributing to psoriasis susceptibility and pathogenesis, and the factors responsible for epigenetic modifications, providing directions for potential future clinical avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics and Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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36
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H3K27Ac modification and gene expression in psoriasis. J Dermatol Sci 2021; 103:93-100. [PMID: 34281744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous alterations in gene expression have been described in psoriatic lesions compared to uninvolved or healthy skin. However, the mechanisms which induce this altered expression remain unclear. Epigenetic modifications play a key role in regulating genes' expression. Only three studies compared the whole-genome DNA methylation of psoriasis versus healthy skin. The present is the first study of genome-wide comparison of histone modifications between psoriatic to healthy skins. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to explore the pattern of H3K27Ac modifications in psoriatic lesions compared to uninvolved psoriatic and healthy skin, in order to identify new genes involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. METHOD Using ChIP-seq with anti H3K27Ac we compared the acetylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27Ac) modification between psoriatic to healthy skins, combined with mRNA array. RESULTS We found a differential H3K27Ac pattern between psoriatic compared to uninvolved or healthy skins. We found that many of the overexpressed and H3K27Ac enriched genes in psoriasis, harbor a putative GRHL transcription factor-binding site. CONCLUSIONS In the most overexpressed genes in psoriasis, there is an enrichment of H3K27Ac. However, the loss of H3K27 acetylation modification does not correlate with decreased gene expression. GRHL appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and therefore, might be a new target for psoriasis therapeutics.
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37
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Ding J, Blencowe M, Nghiem T, Ha SM, Chen YW, Li G, Yang X. Mergeomics 2.0: a web server for multi-omics data integration to elucidate disease networks and predict therapeutics. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:W375-W387. [PMID: 34048577 PMCID: PMC8262738 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mergeomics web server is a flexible online tool for multi-omics data integration to derive biological pathways, networks, and key drivers important to disease pathogenesis and is based on the open source Mergeomics R package. The web server takes summary statistics of multi-omics disease association studies (GWAS, EWAS, TWAS, PWAS, etc.) as input and features four functions: Marker Dependency Filtering (MDF) to correct for known dependency between omics markers, Marker Set Enrichment Analysis (MSEA) to detect disease relevant biological processes, Meta-MSEA to examine the consistency of biological processes informed by various omics datasets, and Key Driver Analysis (KDA) to identify essential regulators of disease-associated pathways and networks. The web server has been extensively updated and streamlined in version 2.0 including an overhauled user interface, improved tutorials and results interpretation for each analytical step, inclusion of numerous disease GWAS, functional genomics datasets, and molecular networks to allow for comprehensive omics integrations, increased functionality to decrease user workload, and increased flexibility to cater to user-specific needs. Finally, we have incorporated our newly developed drug repositioning pipeline PharmOmics for prediction of potential drugs targeting disease processes that were identified by Mergeomics. Mergeomics is freely accessible at http://mergeomics.research.idre.ucla.edu and does not require login.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ding
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Thien Nghiem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sung-min Ha
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yen-Wei Chen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular Toxicology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Gaoyan Li
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular Toxicology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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38
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Tang L, Wang M, Shen C, Wen L, Li M, Wang D, Zheng X, Sheng Y, Wu W, Zhang C, Zhang X, Zhou F. Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin Using Sequencing Analysis Reveals a Widespread Increase in Chromatin Accessibility in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1745-1753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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39
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Luo Y, Qu K, Kuai L, Ru Y, Huang K, Yan X, Xing M. Epigenetics in psoriasis: perspective of DNA methylation. Mol Genet Genomics 2021; 296:1027-1040. [PMID: 34137900 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by excessive proliferation of keratinocytes (KCs). Onset of psoriasis is related to genetic, immune and environmental factors. The environment can interact with the genome through epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, and this modification is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In addition to a skin disease, psoriasis is also considered a systemic disease. We reviewed the current literature of psoriatic DNA methylation for studies from several aspects on the DNA methylation distribution patterns in different tissues/cells, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and candidate disease genes and identified target genes regulated by DNA methylation that have been directly/indirectly validated. This review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the important a role that DNA methylation plays in psoriasis from a holistic perspective and will promote the implementation of DNA methylation in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for psoriatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Keshen Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Surgery, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yi Ru
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Keke Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiaoning Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4 West Glorious Gate, Xi'an, 710003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meng Xing
- Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4 West Glorious Gate, Xi'an, 710003, People's Republic of China.
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Grželj J, Mlinarič-Raščan I, Marko PB, Marovt M, Gmeiner T, Šmid A. Polymorphisms in GNMT and DNMT3b are associated with methotrexate treatment outcome in plaque psoriasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111456. [PMID: 33714108 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate is used as first-line treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. Despite the marked variability in treatment outcomes, no pharmacogenetic markers are currently used for personalised management of therapy. In this retrospective study, we investigated the effects of genetic predisposition on efficacy and toxicity of low-dose methotrexate in a cohort of 137 patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. We genotyped 16 polymorphisms in genes for enzymes involved in the folate-methionine pathway and in methotrexate transport, and analysed their association with treatment efficacy and toxicity using classification and regression tree analysis and logistic regression. The most pronounced effect observed in this study was for GNMT rs10948059, which was identified as a risk factor for inadequate efficacy leading to treatment discontinuation. Patients carrying at least one variant allele had ~7-fold increased risk of treatment failure compared to patients with the wild-type genotype, as shown by the classification and regression tree analysis and logistic regression (odds ratio [OR], 6.94; p = 0.0004). Another risk factor associated with insufficient treatment responses was DNMT3b rs2424913, where patients carrying at least one variant allele had a 4-fold increased risk of treatment failure compared to patients with the wild-type genotype (OR, 4.10; p = 0.005). Using classification and regression tree analysis, we show that DNMT3b rs2424913 has a more pronounced role in patients with the variant GNMT genotype, and hence we suggest an interaction between these two genes. Further, we show that patients with the BHMT rs3733890 variant allele had increased risk of hepatotoxicity (OR, 3.17; p = 0.022), which is the most prominent reason for methotrexate discontinuation. We also show that variants in the genes for methotrexate transporters OATP1B1 (rs2306283/rs4149056 SLCO1B1 haplotypes) and ABCC2 (rs717620) are associated with increased risk of treatment failure. The associations identified have not been reported previously. These data suggest that polymorphisms in genes for enzymes of the methionine cycle (which affect cell methylation potential) might have significant roles in treatment responses to methotrexate of patients with psoriasis. Further studies are warranted to validate the potential of the pharmacogenetic markers identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Grželj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Krka, d. d., Novo mesto, Šmarješka cesta 6, Novo mesto, Slovenia
| | - Irena Mlinarič-Raščan
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Pij B Marko
- Department of Dermatovenerology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maruška Marovt
- Department of Dermatovenerology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Gmeiner
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Šmid
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva cesta 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Yi JZ, McGee JS. Epigenetic-modifying therapies: An emerging avenue for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1167-1176. [PMID: 33752257 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification and the action of microRNAs. These mechanisms coordinate in complex networks to control gene expression, thereby regulating key physiological processes in the skin and immune system. Recently, researchers have turned to the epigenome to understand the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. In psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, epigenetic modifications contribute to key pathogenic events such as immune activation, T-cell polarization and keratinocyte dysfunction. These discoveries have introduced new possibilities for the treatment of skin diseases; unlike genetics, epigenetic alterations are readily modifiable and potentially reversible. In this viewpoint essay, we summarize the current state of epigenetic research in inflammatory skin diseases and propose that targeting the histone machinery is a promising avenue for the development of new therapies for psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Expanding on the progress that has already been made in the field of cancer epigenetics, we discuss existing epigenetic-modifying tools that can be applied to the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases and consider future directions for investigation in order to allow for the widespread clinical application of such therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Z Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean S McGee
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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42
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Wardowska A. m6A RNA Methylation in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases-A New Target for Epigenetic-Based Therapy? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030218. [PMID: 33807762 PMCID: PMC8001529 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The general background of autoimmune diseases is a combination of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, that lead to defective immune reactions. This erroneous immune cell activation results in an excessive production of autoantibodies and prolonged inflammation. During recent years epigenetic mechanisms have been extensively studied as potential culprits of autoreactivity. Alike DNA and proteins, also RNA molecules are subjected to an extensive repertoire of chemical modifications. N6-methyladenosine is the most prevalent form of internal mRNA modification in eukaryotic cells and attracts increasing attention due to its contribution to human health and disease. Even though m6A is confirmed as an essential player in immune response, little is known about its role in autoimmunity. Only few data have been published up to date in the field of RNA methylome. Moreover, only selected autoimmune diseases have been studied in respect of m6A role in their pathogenesis. In this review, I attempt to present all available research data regarding m6A alterations in autoimmune disorders and appraise its role as a potential target for epigenetic-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wardowska
- Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
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43
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Reolid A, Muñoz-Aceituno E, Abad-Santos F, Ovejero-Benito MC, Daudén E. Epigenetics in Non-tumor Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:137-161. [PMID: 33646564 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is the study of the mechanisms that regulate gene expression without modifying DNA sequences. Knowledge of and evidence about how epigenetics plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of many skin diseases is increasing. Since the epigenetic changes present in tumor diseases have been thoroughly reviewed, we believe that knowledge of the new epigenetic findings in non-tumor immune-mediated dermatological diseases should be of interest to the general dermatologist. Hence, the purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature on epigenetics in most non-tumor dermatological pathologies, focusing on psoriasis. Hyper- and hypomethylation of DNA methyltransferases and methyl-DNA binding domain proteins are the most common and studied methylation mechanisms. The acetylation and methylation of histones H3 and H4 are the most frequent and well-characterized histone modifications and may be associated with disease severity parameters and serve as therapeutic response markers. Many specific microRNAs dysregulated in non-tumor dermatological disease have been reviewed. Deepening the study of how epigenetic mechanisms influence non-tumor immune-mediated dermatological diseases might help us better understand the role of interactions between the environment and the genome in the physiopathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Reolid
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - E Muñoz-Aceituno
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Abad-Santos
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Ovejero-Benito
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Daudén
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
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Leśniak W. Epigenetic Regulation of Epidermal Differentiation. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:1. [PMID: 34968254 PMCID: PMC8594726 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermis is the outer part of the skin that protects the organism from dehydration and shields from external insults. Epidermal cells, called keratinocytes, undergo a series of morphological and metabolic changes that allow them to establish the biochemical and structural elements of an effective epidermal barrier. This process, known as epidermal differentiation, is critical for the maintenance of the epidermis under physiological conditions and also under stress or in various skin pathologies. Epidermal differentiation relies on a highly coordinated program of gene expression. Epigenetic mechanisms, which commonly include DNA methylation, covalent histone modifications, and microRNA (miRNA) activity, modulate various stages of gene expression by altering chromatin accessibility and mRNA stability. Their involvement in epidermal differentiation is a matter of intensive studies, and the results obtained thus far show a complex network of epigenetic factors, acting together with transcriptional regulators, to maintain epidermal homeostasis and counteract adverse effects of environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesława Leśniak
- Laboratory of Calcium Binding Proteins, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Caputo V, Strafella C, Termine A, Dattola A, Mazzilli S, Lanna C, Cosio T, Campione E, Novelli G, Giardina E, Cascella R. Overview of the molecular determinants contributing to the expression of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis phenotypes. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13554-13563. [PMID: 33128843 PMCID: PMC7754002 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are multifactorial chronic disorders whose etiopathogenesis essentially derives from the alteration of several signalling pathways and the co-occurrence of genetic, epigenetic and non-genetic susceptibility factors that altogether affect the functional and structural property of the skin. Although shared and differential susceptibility genes and molecular pathways are known to contribute to the onset of pathological phenotypes, further research is needed to dissect the molecular causes of psoriatic disease and its progression towards Psoriatic Arthritis. This review will therefore be addressed to explore differences and similarities in the etiopathogenesis and progression of both disorders, with a particular focus on genes involved in the maintenance of the skin structure and integrity (keratins and collagens), modulation of patterns of recognition (through Toll-like receptors and dectin-1) and immuno-inflammatory response (by NLRP3-dependent inflammasome) to microbial pathogens. In addition, special emphasis will be given to the contribution of epigenetic elements (methylation pattern, non-coding RNAs, chromatin modifiers and 3D genome organization) to the etiopathogenesis and progression of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The evidence discussed in this review highlights how the knowledge of patients' clinical and (epi)genomic make-up could be helpful for improving the available therapeutic strategies for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Caputo
- Medical Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Biomedicine and PreventionTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDMIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
| | - Claudia Strafella
- Medical Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Biomedicine and PreventionTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDMIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
| | - Andrea Termine
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDMIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
| | - Annunziata Dattola
- Dermatologic ClinicDepartment of Systems MedicineTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Sara Mazzilli
- Dermatologic ClinicDepartment of Systems MedicineTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Caterina Lanna
- Dermatologic ClinicDepartment of Systems MedicineTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Terenzio Cosio
- Dermatologic ClinicDepartment of Systems MedicineTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Elena Campione
- Dermatologic ClinicDepartment of Systems MedicineTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Medical Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Biomedicine and PreventionTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
- Neuromed Institute IRCCSPozzilliItaly
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDMIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly
- Department of Biomedicine and PreventionUILDM Lazio Onlus FoundationTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Medical Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Biomedicine and PreventionTor Vergata UniversityRomeItaly
- Department of Biomedical SciencesCatholic University Our Lady of Good CounselTiranaAlbania
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Gallais Sérézal I, Cheuk S, Martini E, Eidsmo L. Cellular scars and local crosstalk in relapsing psoriasis: an example of a skin sticking disease. Scand J Immunol 2020; 92:e12953. [PMID: 32757303 PMCID: PMC7685142 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease that arises in genetically predisposed individuals. Chronic skin lesions that contain activated immune cells can persist for years. Systemic inhibition of TNF, IL‐17 and IL‐23 cytokines has revolutionized psoriasis care during the recent decades. Unfortunately, local relapse of disease is common at previously inflamed sites after cessation of treatment. This highlights that fundamental pathologic alterations of the affected tissues are not completely resolved during clinical remission. Here, we present arguments for a local disease memory located in both dermis and epidermis in psoriasis skin. We decipher different cellular components and intercellular crosstalk that sustain local disease memory and amplify disease relapse in human psoriasis. Decrypting the mechanisms underlying the establishment and persistence of pathogenic memory cells in resolved psoriasis may provide new therapeutic perspectives aimed at long‐term remission of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irène Gallais Sérézal
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology Karolinska Institutet Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Stanley Cheuk
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elisa Martini
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology Karolinska Institutet Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liv Eidsmo
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology Karolinska Institutet Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Diagnostiskt Centrum Hud, Stockholm, Sweden
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Clinical and Histological Features of Intraoral Flap and a Preliminary Study of DNA Methylation of Mucosalization. Indian J Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-019-02029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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48
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Zhou Y, Wang P, Yan BX, Chen XY, Landeck L, Wang ZY, Li XX, Zhang J, Zheng M, Man XY. Quantitative Proteomic Profile of Psoriatic Epidermis Identifies OAS2 as a Novel Biomarker for Disease Activity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1432. [PMID: 32849499 PMCID: PMC7410923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory systemic disease. Epidermal proteins are considered to be important in maintaining skin barrier function, innate immunity, and inflammation. To define more possible roles of the epidermis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, quantified proteomic analysis was used to screen and analyze the differentially expressed epidermal proteins between 16 psoriasis patients and 15 healthy controls. Upregulated differential expression proteins (DEPs) include several significant functional protein clusters, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and antiviral proteins (AVPs). The levels of 2–5-oligoadenylate synthase 2 (OAS2) in both epidermis and serum levels were significantly elevated in psoriasis and were also positively correlated with Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores and Body Surface Area (BSA) scores. Moreover, OAS2 expression in psoriatic skin significantly decreased after IL-17R mono-antibody treatment. It has been clarified that inflamed keratinocytes were the main source of abnormally increased OAS2 in psoriasis skin by immunofluorescence and primary cell cultures. Keratinocyte-derived OAS2 can be induced by not only IFNβ, but also psoriasis associated cytokines like IL-17A and IL-6. This study revealed that AMPs and AVPs are two important functional protein clusters altering innate immune in psoriatic epidermis. OAS2 is a novel potential sensitive biomarker, which could predict the severity and activity of psoriasis, and could also be used as an indicator to evaluate or monitor the efficacy of clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xi Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lilla Landeck
- Ernst von Bergmann General Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Zhao-Yuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Man
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Pathogenesis of psoriasis in the "omic" era. Part II. Genetic, genomic and epigenetic changes in psoriasis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020; 37:283-298. [PMID: 32774210 PMCID: PMC7394158 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.96243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease in which genetic, environmental and epigenetic factors regulating gene expression play a key role. In the “genomic era”, genome-wide association studies together with target genotyping platforms performed in different ethnic populations have found more than 50 genetic susceptible markers associated with the risk of psoriasis which have been identified so far. Up till now, the strongest association with the risk of the disease has been proved for HLA-C*06 gene. The majority of other psoriasis risk SNPs are situated near the genes encoding molecules involved in adaptive and innate immunity, and skin barrier function. Many contemporary studies indicate that the epigenetic changes: histone modification, promoter methylations, long non-coding and micro-RNA hyperexpression are considered as factors contributing to psoriasis pathogenesis as they regulate abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation, aberrant keratinocytes – inflammatory cells communication, neoangiogenesis and chronic inflammation. The circulating miRNAs detected in the blood may become specific markers in the diagnosis, prognosis and response to the treatment of the disease. The inhibition of expression in selected miRNAs may be a new promising therapy option for patients with psoriasis.
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The multifaceted functional role of DNA methylation in immune-mediated rheumatic diseases. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:459-476. [PMID: 32613397 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genomic predisposition cannot explain the onset of complex diseases, as well illustrated by the largely incomplete concordance among monozygotic twins. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, chromatin remodelling and non-coding RNA, are considered to be the link between environmental stimuli and disease onset on a permissive genetic background in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. The paradigmatic cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) and type-1 diabetes (T1D) share the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigen influenced by several factors, with a largely incomplete role of individual genomic susceptibility. The most widely investigated epigenetic mechanism is DNA methylation which is associated with gene silencing and is due to the binding of methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD)-containing proteins, such as MECP2, to 5-methylcytosine (5mC). Indeed, a causal relationship occurs between DNA methylation and transcription factors occupancy and recruitment at specific genomic locus. In most cases, the results obtained in different studies are controversial in terms of DNA methylation comparison while fascinating evidence comes from the comparison of the epigenome in clinically discordant monozygotic twins. In this manuscript, we will review the mechanisms of epigenetics and DNA methylation changes in specific immune-mediated rheumatic diseases to highlight remaining unmet needs and to identify possible shared mechanisms beyond different tissue involvements with common therapeutic opportunities. Key Points • DNA methylation has a crucial role in regulating and tuning the immune system. • Evidences suggest that dysregulation of DNA methylation is pivotal in the context of immune-mediated rheumatic diseases. • DNA methylation dysregulation in FOXP3 and interferons-related genes is shared within several autoimmune diseases. • DNA methylation is an attractive marker for diagnosis and therapy.
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