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Lapshina KK, Nefedova VV, Nabiev SR, Roman SG, Shchepkin DV, Kopylova GV, Kochurova AM, Beldiia EA, Kleymenov SY, Levitsky DI, Matyushenko AM. Functional and Structural Properties of Cytoplasmic Tropomyosin Isoforms Tpm1.8 and Tpm1.9. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6873. [PMID: 38999987 PMCID: PMC11240984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is one of the most important players in cell motility, adhesion, division, and functioning. The regulation of specific microfilament formation largely determines cellular functions. The main actin-binding protein in animal cells is tropomyosin (Tpm). The unique structural and functional diversity of microfilaments is achieved through the diversity of Tpm isoforms. In our work, we studied the properties of the cytoplasmic isoforms Tpm1.8 and Tpm1.9. The results showed that these isoforms are highly thermostable and differ in the stability of their central and C-terminal fragments. The properties of these isoforms were largely determined by the 6th exons. Thus, the strength of the end-to-end interactions, as well as the affinity of the Tpm molecule for F-actin, differed between the Tpm1.8 and Tpm1.9 isoforms. They were determined by whether an alternative internal exon, 6a or 6b, was included in the Tpm isoform structure. The strong interactions of the Tpm1.8 and Tpm1.9 isoforms with F-actin led to the formation of rigid actin filaments, the stiffness of which was measured using an optical trap. It is quite possible that the structural and functional features of the Tpm isoforms largely determine the appearance of these isoforms in the rigid actin structures of the cell cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia K. Lapshina
- Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.L.); (V.V.N.); (S.G.R.); (S.Y.K.); (D.I.L.)
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria V. Nefedova
- Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.L.); (V.V.N.); (S.G.R.); (S.Y.K.); (D.I.L.)
| | - Salavat R. Nabiev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (S.R.N.); (D.V.S.); (G.V.K.); (A.M.K.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Svetlana G. Roman
- Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.L.); (V.V.N.); (S.G.R.); (S.Y.K.); (D.I.L.)
| | - Daniil V. Shchepkin
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (S.R.N.); (D.V.S.); (G.V.K.); (A.M.K.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Galina V. Kopylova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (S.R.N.); (D.V.S.); (G.V.K.); (A.M.K.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Anastasia M. Kochurova
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (S.R.N.); (D.V.S.); (G.V.K.); (A.M.K.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Evgenia A. Beldiia
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (S.R.N.); (D.V.S.); (G.V.K.); (A.M.K.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Sergey Y. Kleymenov
- Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.L.); (V.V.N.); (S.G.R.); (S.Y.K.); (D.I.L.)
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii I. Levitsky
- Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.L.); (V.V.N.); (S.G.R.); (S.Y.K.); (D.I.L.)
| | - Alexander M. Matyushenko
- Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.L.); (V.V.N.); (S.G.R.); (S.Y.K.); (D.I.L.)
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Johan MZ, Pyne NT, Kolesnikoff N, Poltavets V, Esmaeili Z, Woodcock JM, Lopez AF, Cowin AJ, Pitson SM, Samuel MS. Accelerated Closure of Diabetic Wounds by Efficient Recruitment of Fibroblasts upon Inhibiting a 14-3-3/ROCK Regulatory Axis. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00276-8. [PMID: 38582367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Chronic non-healing wounds negatively impact quality of life and are a significant financial drain on health systems. The risk of infection that exacerbates comorbidities in patients necessitates regular application of wound care. Understanding the mechanisms underlying impaired wound healing are therefore a key priority to inform effective new-generation treatments. In this study, we demonstrate that 14-3-3-mediated suppression of signaling through ROCK is a critical mechanism that inhibits the healing of diabetic wounds. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of 14-3-3 by topical application of the sphingo-mimetic drug RB-11 to diabetic wounds on a mouse model of type II diabetes accelerated wound closure more than 2-fold than vehicle control, phenocopying our previous observations in 14-3-3ζ-knockout mice. We also demonstrate that accelerated closure of the wounded epidermis by 14-3-3 inhibition causes enhanced signaling through the Rho-ROCK pathway and that the underlying cellular mechanism involves the efficient recruitment of dermal fibroblasts into the wound and the rapid production of extracellular matrix proteins to re-establish the injured dermis. Our observations that the 14-3-3/ROCK inhibitory axis characterizes impaired wound healing and that its suppression facilitates fibroblast recruitment and accelerated re-epithelialization suggest new possibilities for treating diabetic wounds by pharmacologically targeting this axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zahied Johan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville, Australia
| | - Natasha T Pyne
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Natasha Kolesnikoff
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville, Australia
| | - Valentina Poltavets
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Zahra Esmaeili
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville, Australia
| | - Joanna M Woodcock
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Allison J Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael S Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance between SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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3
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Mengal K, Kor G, Siino V, Buřič M, Kozák P, Levander F, Niksirat H. Quantification of proteomic profile changes in the hemolymph of crayfish during in vitro coagulation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 147:104760. [PMID: 37331675 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Hemolymph is the circulatory fluid that fills the body cavity of crustaceans, analogous to blood in vertebrates. Hemolymph coagulation, similar to blood clotting in vertebrates, plays a crucial role in wound healing and innate immune responses. Despite extensive studies on the clotting process in crustaceans, no comparative quantitative analysis of the protein composition of non-clotted and clotted hemolymph in any decapod has been reported. In this study, we used label-free protein quantification with high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify the proteomic profile of hemolymph in crayfish and quantify significant changes in protein abundances between non-clotted and clotted hemolymph. Our analysis identified a total of two-hundred and nineteen proteins in both hemolymph groups. Furthermore, we discussed the potential functions of the top most high and low-abundant proteins in hemolymph proteomic profile. The quantity of most of the proteins was not significantly changed during coagulation between non-clotted and clotted hemolymph, which may indicate that clotting proteins are likely pre-synthesized, allowing for a swift coagulation response to injury. Four proteins still showed abundance differences (p < 0.05, fold change>2), including C-type lectin domain-containing proteins, Laminin A chain, Tropomyosin, and Reverse transcriptase domain-containing proteins. While the first three proteins were down-regulated, the last one was up-regulated. The down-regulation of structural and cytoskeletal proteins may affect the process of hemocyte degranulation needed for coagulation, while the up-regulation of an immune-related protein might be attributed to the phagocytosis ability of viable hemocytes during coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kifayatullah Mengal
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Golara Kor
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Valentina Siino
- Lund University, Department of Immunotechnology, Medicon Village, House 406, 22387, Lund, Sweden
| | - Miloš Buřič
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kozák
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Fredrik Levander
- Lund University, Department of Immunotechnology, Medicon Village, House 406, 22387, Lund, Sweden; National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, 223 87, Sweden
| | - Hamid Niksirat
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
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Castillo-Lopez E, Pacífico C, Sener-Aydemir A, Hummel K, Nöbauer K, Ricci S, Rivera-Chacon R, Reisinger N, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Zebeli Q, Kreuzer-Redmer S. Diet and phytogenic supplementation substantially modulate the salivary proteome in dairy cows. J Proteomics 2023; 273:104795. [PMID: 36535624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phytogenic compounds may influence salivation or salivary properties. However, their effects on the bovine salivary proteome have not been evaluated. We investigated changes in the bovine salivary proteome due to transition from forage to high-concentrate diet, with and without supplementation with a phytogenic feed additive. Eight non-lactating cows were fed forage, then transitioned to a 65% concentrate diet (DM basis) over a week. Cows were control (n = 4, CON) or supplemented with a phytogenic feed additive (n = 4, PHY). Proteomic analysis was conducted using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. We identified 1233 proteins; 878 were bovine proteins, 189 corresponded to bacteria, and 166 were plant proteins. Between forage and high-concentrate, 139 proteins were differentially abundant (P < 0.05), with 48 proteins having a log2FC difference > |2|. The salivary proteome reflected shifts in processes involving nutrient utilization, body tissue accretion, and immune response. Between PHY and CON, 195 proteins were differently abundant (P < 0.05), with 37 having a log2FC difference > |2|; 86 proteins were increased by PHY, including proteins involved in smell recognition. Many differentially abundant proteins correlated (r > |0.70|) with salivary bicarbonate, total mucins or pH. Results provide novel insights into the bovine salivary proteome using a non-invasive approach, and the association of specific proteins with major salivary properties influencing rumen homeostasis. SIGNIFICANCE: Phytogenic compounds may stimulate salivation due to their olfactory properties, but their effects on the salivary proteome have not been investigated. We investigated the effect of high-concentrate diets and supplementation with a phytogenic additive on the salivary proteome of cows. We show that analysis of cows' saliva can be a non-invasive approach to detect effects occurring not only in the gut, but also systemically including indications for gut health and immune response. Thus, results provide unique insights into the bovine salivary proteome, and will have a crucial contribution to further understand animal response in terms of nutrient utilization and immune activity due to the change from forage to a high-energy diet. Additionally, our findings reveal changes due to supplementation with a phytogenic feed additive with regard to health and olfactory stimulation. Furthermore, findings suggest an association between salivary proteins and other components like bicarbonate content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequias Castillo-Lopez
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Cátia Pacífico
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arife Sener-Aydemir
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hummel
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, VetCore Facility (Proteomics), Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Nöbauer
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, VetCore Facility (Proteomics), Vienna, Austria
| | - Sara Ricci
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raul Rivera-Chacon
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ebrahim Razzazi-Fazeli
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, VetCore Facility (Proteomics), Vienna, Austria
| | - Qendrim Zebeli
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Kreuzer-Redmer
- University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Nutrigenomics Unit, Vienna, Austria.
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Zhu Z, Ni S, Zhang J, Yuan Y, Bai Y, Yin X, Zhu Z. Genome-wide analysis of dysregulated RNA-binding proteins and alternative splicing genes in keloid. Front Genet 2023; 14:1118999. [PMID: 36777722 PMCID: PMC9908963 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1118999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The pathogenesis of keloids remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we analyzed RNA-Seq data (GSE113619) of the local skin tissue of 8 keloid-prone individuals (KPI) and 6 healthy controls (HC) before and 42 days after trauma from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The differential alternative splicing (AS) events associated with trauma healing between KPIs and HCs were identifified, and their functional differences were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways. The co-expression relationship of differentially alternative splicing genes and differentially expressed RNA binding proteins (RBPs) was established subsequently. Results: A total of 674 differential AS events between the KD42 and the KD0 and 378 differential AS events between the HD42 and the HD0 were discovered. Notably, most of the differential genes related to keloids are enriched in actin, microtubule cells, and cortical actin cytoskeletal tissue pathway. We observed a signifificant association between AS genes (EPB41, TPM1, NF2, PARD3) and trauma healing in KPIs and HCs. We also found that the differential expression of healthy controls-specifific trauma healing-related RBPs (TKT, FDPS, SAMHD1) may affect the response of HCs to trauma healing by regulating the AS of downstream trauma healing-related genes such as DCN and DST. In contrast, KPIs also has specifific differential expression of trauma healing related RBPs (S100A9, HspB1, LIMA1, FBL), which may affect the healing response of KPIs to trauma by regulating the AS of downstream trauma healing-related genes such as FN1 and TPM1. Discussion: Our results were innovative in revealing early wound healing-related genes (EPB41, TPM1, NF2, PARD3) in KPI from the perspective of AS regulated by RBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- Hangzhou Plastic Surgery Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuangying Ni
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueli Yin
- Functional Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,The Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Zhengwei Zhu,
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Ahangar P, Strudwick XL, Cowin AJ. Wound Healing from an Actin Cytoskeletal Perspective. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a041235. [PMID: 35074864 PMCID: PMC9341468 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing requires a complex cascade of highly controlled and conserved cellular and molecular processes. These involve numerous cell types and extracellular matrix molecules regulated by the actin cytoskeleton. This microscopic network of filaments is present within the cytoplasm of all cells and provides the shape and mechanical support required for cell movement and proliferation. Here, an overview of the processes of wound healing are described from the perspective of the cell in relation to the actin cytoskeleton. Key points of discussion include the role of actin, its binding proteins, signaling pathways, and events that play significant roles in the phases of wound healing. The identification of cytoskeletal targets that can be used to manipulate and improve wound healing is included as an emerging area of focus that may inform future therapeutic approaches to improve healing of complex wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Ahangar
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Xanthe L Strudwick
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Allison J Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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7
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McAdow J, Yang S, Ou T, Huang G, Dobbs MB, Gurnett CA, Greenberg MJ, Johnson AN. A pathogenic mechanism associated with myopathies and structural birth defects involves TPM2-directed myogenesis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:152466. [PMID: 35579956 PMCID: PMC9309062 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy (NM) is the most common congenital myopathy, characterized by extreme weakness of the respiratory, limb, and facial muscles. Pathogenic variants in Tropomyosin 2 (TPM2), which encodes a skeletal muscle-specific actin binding protein essential for sarcomere function, cause a spectrum of musculoskeletal disorders that include NM as well as cap myopathy, congenital fiber type disproportion, and distal arthrogryposis (DA). The in vivo pathomechanisms underlying TPM2-related disorders are unknown, so we expressed a series of dominant, pathogenic TPM2 variants in Drosophila embryos and found 4 variants significantly affected muscle development and muscle function. Transient overexpression of the 4 variants also disrupted the morphogenesis of mouse myotubes in vitro and negatively affected zebrafish muscle development in vivo. We used transient overexpression assays in zebrafish to characterize 2 potentially novel TPM2 variants and 1 recurring variant that we identified in patients with DA (V129A, E139K, A155T, respectively) and found these variants caused musculoskeletal defects similar to those of known pathogenic variants. The consistency of musculoskeletal phenotypes in our assays correlated with the severity of clinical phenotypes observed in our patients with DA, suggesting disrupted myogenesis is a potentially novel pathomechanism of TPM2 disorders and that our myogenic assays can predict the clinical severity of TPM2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer McAdow
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tiffany Ou
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gary Huang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew B Dobbs
- Paley Orthopedic and Spine Institute, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Christina A Gurnett
- Department of Neurology.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery.,Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Michael J Greenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Aaron N Johnson
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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8
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Cagigas ML, Bryce NS, Ariotti N, Brayford S, Gunning PW, Hardeman EC. Correlative cryo-ET identifies actin/tropomyosin filaments that mediate cell-substrate adhesion in cancer cells and mechanosensitivity of cell proliferation. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:120-128. [PMID: 34518666 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is the primary driver of cellular adhesion and mechanosensing due to its ability to generate force and sense the stiffness of the environment. At the cell's leading edge, severing of the protruding Arp2/3 actin network generates a specific actin/tropomyosin (Tpm) filament population that controls lamellipodial persistence. The interaction between these filaments and adhesion to the environment is unknown. Using cellular cryo-electron tomography we resolve the ultrastructure of the Tpm/actin copolymers and show that they specifically anchor to nascent adhesions and are essential for focal adhesion assembly. Re-expression of Tpm1.8/1.9 in transformed and cancer cells is sufficient to restore cell-substrate adhesions. We demonstrate that knock-out of Tpm1.8/1.9 disrupts the formation of dorsal actin bundles, hindering the recruitment of α-actinin and non-muscle myosin IIa, critical mechanosensors. This loss causes a force-generation and proliferation defect that is notably reversed when cells are grown on soft surfaces. We conclude that Tpm1.8/1.9 suppress the metastatic phenotype, which may explain why transformed cells naturally downregulate this Tpm subset during malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lastra Cagigas
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole S Bryce
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas Ariotti
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon Brayford
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter W Gunning
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Edna C Hardeman
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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9
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Cisterna B, Costanzo M, Lacavalla MA, Galiè M, Angelini O, Tabaracci G, Malatesta M. Low Ozone Concentrations Differentially Affect the Structural and Functional Features of Non-Activated and Activated Fibroblasts In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10133. [PMID: 34576295 PMCID: PMC8466365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) therapy is increasingly applied as a complementary/adjuvant treatment for several diseases; however, the biological mechanisms accounting for the efficacy of low O3 concentrations need further investigations to understand the possibly multiple effects on the different cell types. In this work, we focused our attention on fibroblasts as ubiquitous connective cells playing roles in the body architecture, in the homeostasis of tissue-resident cells, and in many physiological and pathological processes. Using an established human fibroblast cell line as an in vitro model, we adopted a multimodal approach to explore a panel of cell structural and functional features, combining light and electron microscopy, Western blot analysis, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex assays for cytokines. The administration of O2-O3 gas mixtures induced multiple effects on fibroblasts, depending on their activation state: in non-activated fibroblasts, O3 stimulated proliferation, formation of cell surface protrusions, antioxidant response, and IL-6 and TGF-β1 secretion, while in LPS-activated fibroblasts, O3 stimulated only antioxidant response and cytokines secretion. Therefore, the low O3 concentrations used in this study induced activation-like responses in non-activated fibroblasts, whereas in already activated fibroblasts, the cell protective capability was potentiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cisterna
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Manuela Costanzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Maria Assunta Lacavalla
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Mirco Galiè
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Osvaldo Angelini
- San Rocco Clinic, Via Monsignor G.V. Moreni 95, I-25018 Montichari, Italy; (O.A.); (G.T.)
| | - Gabriele Tabaracci
- San Rocco Clinic, Via Monsignor G.V. Moreni 95, I-25018 Montichari, Italy; (O.A.); (G.T.)
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (M.A.L.); (M.G.)
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10
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Zemkewicz JL, Akwii RG, Mikelis CM, Doçi CL. Investigating Epidermal Interactions Through an In Vivo Cutaneous Wound-Healing Assay. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2193:1-11. [PMID: 32808253 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0845-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is an intricate and multifaceted process. Despite these complexities, the distinct phases of wound healing provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the roles of different targets in these coordinated responses. This protocol details an in vivo wound healing assay to study the intersection of cellular, molecular, and systemic effector pathways. The role of certain proteins in the wound healing process can be efficiently explored in vivo through the generation of tissue-specific deficient mice. This approach, although optimized for use with animal models displaying epithelial deficiencies, can be used for other tissue-specific deficiencies, and utilizes simple and cost-effective methods, allowing investigators to precisely devise their experimental design. The coordination of immunological, epithelial, vascular, and microenvironmental factors in wound healing makes this technique a valuable tool for investigators across fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Zemkewicz
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Racheal G Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Colleen L Doçi
- College of Health Professions, Marian University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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11
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Gao F, Li W, Kan J, Ding Y, Wang Y, Deng J, Qing R, Wang B, Hao S. Insight into the Regulatory Function of Human Hair Keratins in Wound Healing Using Proteomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900235. [PMID: 32297487 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Keratins derived from human hair possess excellent wound healing qualities. However, their functional contribution to this process is poorly understood. In this study, the regulatory function of human hair keratins in wound healing is investigated using proteomic analysis by dividing keratins into different groups based on their molecular weight distributions: low molecular weight keratins (LMWK, 10-30 kDa), medium molecular weight keratins (MMWK, 30-50 kDa), and high molecular weight keratins (HMWK, >50 kDa). Keratin hydrogels with different molecular weights exhibit various morphologies, rheological properties, degradation rates, and wound healing activities. Using proteomic analysis, LMWK and HMWK hydrogels exhibit a stronger regulatory ability for wound healing at days 1 and 7, respectively. The major functions of LMWK during wound healing are regulation of cells communication and function. In contrast, proteins associated with energy metabolism are significantly expressed after HMWK hydrogel treatment at day 1, and these play an important role in cellular growth and reactive oxygen species scavenging at day 7. These results demonstrate that the wound healing qualities of human hair keratins are influenced by their molecular weight distribution, and the proteomic analysis sheds new light on the regulatory function of human hair keratins during wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jinlan Kan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jia Deng
- College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Rui Qing
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Shilei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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12
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Thorsen SF, Gromova I, Christensen IJ, Fredriksson S, Andersen CL, Nielsen HJ, Stenvang J, Moreira JM. Gel-Based Proteomics of Clinical Samples Identifies Potential Serological Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236082. [PMID: 31810358 PMCID: PMC6929140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is considerable-approximately 1.8 million people are diagnosed each year with CRC and of these about half will succumb to the disease. In the case of CRC, there is strong evidence that an early diagnosis leads to a better prognosis, with metastatic CRC having a 5-year survival that is only slightly greater than 10% compared with up to 90% for stage I CRC. Clearly, biomarkers for the early detection of CRC would have a major clinical impact. We implemented a coherent gel-based proteomics biomarker discovery platform for the identification of clinically useful biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. Potential protein biomarkers were identified by a 2D gel-based analysis of a cohort composed of 128 CRC and site-matched normal tissue biopsies. Potential biomarkers were prioritized and assays to quantitatively measure plasma expression of the candidate biomarkers were developed. Those biomarkers that fulfilled the preset criteria for technical validity were validated in a case-control set of plasma samples, including 70 patients with CRC, adenomas, or non-cancer diseases and healthy individuals in each group. We identified 63 consistently upregulated polypeptides (factor of four-fold or more) in our proteomics analysis. We selected 10 out of these 63 upregulated polypeptides, and established assays to measure the concentration of each one of the ten biomarkers in plasma samples. Biomarker levels were analyzed in plasma samples from healthy individuals, individuals with adenomas, CRC patients, and patients with non-cancer diseases and we identified one protein, tropomyosin 3 (Tpm3) that could discriminate CRC at a significant level (p = 0.0146). Our results suggest that at least one of the identified proteins, Tpm3, could be used as a biomarker in the early detection of CRC, and further studies should provide unequivocal evidence for the real-life clinical validity and usefulness of Tpm3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine F. Thorsen
- Institute of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Irina Gromova
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Ib J. Christensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark; (I.J.C.); (H.J.N.)
| | | | - Claus L. Andersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Hans J. Nielsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark; (I.J.C.); (H.J.N.)
| | - Jan Stenvang
- Institute of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (J.M.A.M.)
| | - José M.A. Moreira
- Institute of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (J.M.A.M.)
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13
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Impact of the actin cytoskeleton on cell development and function mediated via tropomyosin isoforms. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 102:122-131. [PMID: 31630997 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The physiological function of actin filaments is challenging to dissect because of the pleiotropic impact of global disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. Tropomyosin isoforms have provided a unique opportunity to address this issue. A substantial fraction of actin filaments in animal cells consist of co-polymers of actin with specific tropomyosin isoforms which determine the functional capacity of the filament. Genetic manipulation of the tropomyosins has revealed isoform specific roles and identified the physiological function of the different actin filament types based on their tropomyosin isoform composition. Surprisingly, there is remarkably little redundancy between the tropomyosins resulting in highly penetrant impacts of both ectopic overexpression and knockout of isoforms. The physiological roles of the tropomyosins cover a broad range from development and morphogenesis to cell migration and specialised tissue function and human diseases.
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14
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Abstract
The interactions of cytoskeletal actin filaments with myosin family motors are essential for the integrity and function of eukaryotic cells. They support a wide range of force-dependent functions. These include mechano-transduction, directed transcellular transport processes, barrier functions, cytokinesis, and cell migration. Despite the indispensable role of tropomyosins in the generation and maintenance of discrete actomyosin-based structures, the contribution of individual cytoskeletal tropomyosin isoforms to the structural and functional diversification of the actin cytoskeleton remains a work in progress. Here, we review processes that contribute to the dynamic sorting and targeted distribution of tropomyosin isoforms in the formation of discrete actomyosin-based structures in animal cells and their effects on actin-based motility and contractility.
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15
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Hong YK, Lee YC, Cheng TL, Lai CH, Hsu CK, Kuo CH, Hsu YY, Li JT, Chang BI, Ma CY, Lin SW, Wang KC, Shi GY, Wu HL. Tumor Endothelial Marker 1 (TEM1/Endosialin/CD248) Enhances Wound Healing by Interacting with Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:2204-2214.e7. [PMID: 30986375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor endothelial marker 1 (TEM1), also known as endosialin or CD248, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein containing a C-type lectin-like domain. It is highly expressed in pericytes and fibroblasts. Dermal fibroblasts play a pivotal role during cutaneous wound healing, especially in the proliferative phase. However, the physiological function of TEM1 in wound healing is still undetermined. During the process of wound healing, the expression of both TEM1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor α was highly upregulated in myofibroblasts. In vivo, fibroblast activation and collagen deposition in granulation tissues were attenuated, and wound healing was retarded in TEM1-deleted mice. In vitro, the migration, adhesion, and proliferation of NIH3T3 cells were suppressed following TEM1 knockdown by short hairpin RNA. In PDGF-BB-treated NIH3T3 cells, the downstream signal and mitogenic, and chemoattractive effects were inhibited by TEM1 knockdown. In addition, TEM1 and PDGF receptor α were colocalized in subcellular organelles in fibroblasts, and the association of TEM1 and PDGF receptor α was demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation. In summary, these findings suggested that TEM1, in combination with PDGF receptor α, plays a critical role in wound healing by enhancing the mitogenic and chemoattractive effects of PDGF-BB and collagen deposition in myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kai Hong
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chou Lee
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Cheng
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Han Lai
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Kai Hsu
- International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Yan Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ting Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Ing Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chieh Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Yueh Shi
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Lin Wu
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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16
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Omentum acts as a regulatory organ controlling skeletal muscle repair of mdx mice diaphragm. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:269-279. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Hameury S, Borderie L, Monneuse JM, Skorski G, Pradines D. Prediction of skin anti-aging clinical benefits of an association of ingredients from marine and maritime origins: Ex vivo evaluation using a label-free quantitative proteomic and customized data processing approach. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:355-370. [PMID: 29797450 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of ingredients from marine and maritime origins is increasingly common in skin care products, driven by consumer expectations for natural ingredients. However, these ingredients are typically studied for a few isolated in vitro activities. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the activity on the skin of an association of ingredients from marine and maritime origins using label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, in order to predict the clinical benefits if used in a skin care product. METHODS An aqueous gel containing 6.1% of ingredients from marine and maritime origins (amino acid-enriched giant kelp extract, trace element-enriched seawater, dedifferentiated sea fennel cells) was topically applied on human skin explants. The skin explants' proteome was analyzed in a label-free manner by high-performance liquid nano-chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. A specific data processing pipeline (CORAVALID) providing an objective and comprehensive interpretation of the statistically relevant biological activities processed the results. RESULTS Compared to untreated skin explants, 64 proteins were significantly regulated by the gel treatment (q-value ≤ 0.05). Computer data processing revealed an activity of the ingredients on the epidermis and the dermis. These significantly regulated proteins are involved in gene expression, cell survival and metabolism, inflammatory processes, dermal extracellular matrix synthesis, melanogenesis and keratinocyte proliferation, migration, and differentiation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the tested ingredients could help to preserve a healthy epidermis and dermis, and possibly to prevent the visible signs of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Hameury
- Research & Development Department, Laboratoires B.L.C. Thalgo Cosmetic S.A., Roquebrune-sur-Argens, France
| | | | | | | | - Dominique Pradines
- Research & Development Department, Laboratoires B.L.C. Thalgo Cosmetic S.A., Roquebrune-sur-Argens, France
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18
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Cheng C, Nowak RB, Amadeo MB, Biswas SK, Lo WK, Fowler VM. Tropomyosin 3.5 protects the F-actin networks required for tissue biomechanical properties. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs222042. [PMID: 30333143 PMCID: PMC6288072 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosins (Tpms) stabilize F-actin and regulate interactions with other actin-binding proteins. The eye lens changes shape in order to focus light to transmit a clear image, and thus lens organ function is tied to its biomechanical properties, presenting an opportunity to study Tpm functions in tissue mechanics. Mouse lenses contain Tpm3.5 (also known as TM5NM5), a previously unstudied isoform encoded by Tpm3, which is associated with F-actin on lens fiber cell membranes. Decreased levels of Tpm3.5 lead to softer and less mechanically resilient lenses that are unable to resume their original shape after compression. While cell organization and morphology appear unaffected, Tmod1 dissociates from the membrane in Tpm3.5-deficient lens fiber cells resulting in reorganization of the spectrin-F-actin and α-actinin-F-actin networks at the membrane. These rearranged F-actin networks appear to be less able to support mechanical load and resilience, leading to an overall change in tissue mechanical properties. This is the first in vivo evidence that a Tpm protein is essential for cell biomechanical stability in a load-bearing non-muscle tissue, and indicates that Tpm3.5 protects mechanically stable, load-bearing F-actin in vivoThis article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Cheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Roberta B Nowak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael B Amadeo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sondip K Biswas
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Woo-Kuen Lo
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Velia M Fowler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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19
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Ji J, He D, Feng Y, He Y, Xue F, Xie L. JDINAC: joint density-based non-parametric differential interaction network analysis and classification using high-dimensional sparse omics data. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:3080-3087. [PMID: 28582486 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation A complex disease is usually driven by a number of genes interwoven into networks, rather than a single gene product. Network comparison or differential network analysis has become an important means of revealing the underlying mechanism of pathogenesis and identifying clinical biomarkers for disease classification. Most studies, however, are limited to network correlations that mainly capture the linear relationship among genes, or rely on the assumption of a parametric probability distribution of gene measurements. They are restrictive in real application. Results We propose a new Joint density based non-parametric Differential Interaction Network Analysis and Classification (JDINAC) method to identify differential interaction patterns of network activation between two groups. At the same time, JDINAC uses the network biomarkers to build a classification model. The novelty of JDINAC lies in its potential to capture non-linear relations between molecular interactions using high-dimensional sparse data as well as to adjust confounding factors, without the need of the assumption of a parametric probability distribution of gene measurements. Simulation studies demonstrate that JDINAC provides more accurate differential network estimation and lower classification error than that achieved by other state-of-the-art methods. We apply JDINAC to a Breast Invasive Carcinoma dataset, which includes 114 patients who have both tumor and matched normal samples. The hub genes and differential interaction patterns identified were consistent with existing experimental studies. Furthermore, JDINAC discriminated the tumor and normal sample with high accuracy by virtue of the identified biomarkers. JDINAC provides a general framework for feature selection and classification using high-dimensional sparse omics data. Availability and implementation R scripts available at https://github.com/jijiadong/JDINAC. Contact lxie@iscb.org. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Ji
- Department of Mathematical Statistics, School of Statistics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Di He
- Ph.D. Program in Computer Science, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yang Feng
- Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yong He
- Department of Mathematical Statistics, School of Statistics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Fuzhong Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Ph.D. Program in Computer Science, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Hunter College, The City University of New York, NY 10065, USA
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20
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Stefen H, Suchowerska AK, Chen BJ, Brettle M, Kuschelewski J, Gunning PW, Janitz M, Fath T. Tropomyosin isoforms have specific effects on the transcriptome of undifferentiated and differentiated B35 neuroblastoma cells. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:570-583. [PMID: 29632810 PMCID: PMC5881551 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosins, a family of actin‐associated proteins, bestow actin filaments with distinct biochemical and physical properties which are important for determining cell shape and regulating many cellular processes in eukaryotic cells. Here, we used RNA‐seq to investigate the effect of four tropomyosin isoforms on gene expression in undifferentiated and differentiated rat B35 neuroblastoma cells. In undifferentiated cells, overexpression of tropomyosin isoforms Tpm1.12, Tpm2.1, Tpm3.1, and Tpm4.2 differentially regulates a vast number of genes, clustering into several gene ontology terms. In differentiated cells, tropomyosin overexpression exerts a much weaker influence on overall gene expression. Our findings are particularly compelling because they demonstrate that tropomyosin‐dependent changes are attenuated once the cells are induced to follow a defined path of differentiation. Database Sequence data for public availability are deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive under the accession number PRJEB24136.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Stefen
- Neurodegenerative and Repair Unit School of Medical Science UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
| | | | - Bei Jun Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Merryn Brettle
- Neurodegenerative and Repair Unit School of Medical Science UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Jennifer Kuschelewski
- Neurodegenerative and Repair Unit School of Medical Science UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Peter William Gunning
- Cellular and Genetic Medicine Unit School of Medical Sciences UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Michael Janitz
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Thomas Fath
- Neurodegenerative and Repair Unit School of Medical Science UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
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21
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Chen YY, Chan KM. Transcriptional inhibition of TCDD-mediated induction of cytochrome P450 1A1 and alteration of protein expression in a zebrafish hepatic cell line following the administration of TCDD and Cd 2. Toxicol Lett 2017; 282:121-135. [PMID: 29107029 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of Cd2+ on TCDD-mediated induction of the cytochrome P450 1A1 (cyp1a1) gene using a zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL). Our results showed that Cd2+ inhibited the TCDD-mediated induction of the cyp1a1 protein, enzyme activity, and mRNA expression level. Cd2+ also down-regulated levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr2) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2b (arnt2b) mRNAs. Compared with TCDD (3nM) treatment alone, co-treatment with Cd2+ (0-30μM) and TCDD (3nM) significantly inhibited the activity of the luciferase reporter gene constructs harboring the distal promoter region (P-2626/-2009) of CYP1A1 and the synthetic 3XRE gene promoter. This indicates that Cd2+ decreased the level of TCDD-induced cyp1a1 through transcriptional inhibition. Proteomic analysis was also used to evaluate the effect of Cd2+ on TCDD-altered protein expression in ZFL cells. The identified proteins are mainly enzymes of the glycolysis pathway and proteasomes, and have anti-oxidative and anti-stress effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chinese University, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - King Ming Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chinese University, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.
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22
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Sui Z, Gokhin DS, Nowak RB, Guo X, An X, Fowler VM. Stabilization of F-actin by tropomyosin isoforms regulates the morphology and mechanical behavior of red blood cells. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:2531-2542. [PMID: 28720661 PMCID: PMC5597325 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-10-0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The absence of Tpm3.1 in red blood cells (RBCs) induces a compensatory increase in Tpm1.9 and abnormally stable F-actin in the membrane skeleton, with reduced association of Band 3 and glycophorin A, leading to a compensated hemolytic anemia with abnormal RBC shapes and mechanical properties. The short F-actins in the red blood cell (RBC) membrane skeleton are coated along their lengths by an equimolar combination of two tropomyosin isoforms, Tpm1.9 and Tpm3.1. We hypothesized that tropomyosin’s ability to stabilize F-actin regulates RBC morphology and mechanical properties. To test this, we examined mice with a targeted deletion in alternatively spliced exon 9d of Tpm3 (Tpm3/9d–/–), which leads to absence of Tpm3.1 in RBCs along with a compensatory increase in Tpm1.9 of sufficient magnitude to maintain normal total tropomyosin content. The isoform switch from Tpm1.9/Tpm3.1 to exclusively Tpm1.9 does not affect membrane skeleton composition but causes RBC F-actins to become hyperstable, based on decreased vulnerability to latrunculin-A–induced depolymerization. Unexpectedly, this isoform switch also leads to decreased association of Band 3 and glycophorin A with the membrane skeleton, suggesting that tropomyosin isoforms regulate the strength of F-actin-to-membrane linkages. Tpm3/9d–/– mice display a mild compensated anemia, in which RBCs have spherocytic morphology with increased osmotic fragility, reduced membrane deformability, and increased membrane stability. We conclude that RBC tropomyosin isoforms directly influence RBC physiology by regulating 1) the stability of the short F-actins in the membrane skeleton and 2) the strength of linkages between the membrane skeleton and transmembrane glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Sui
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - David S Gokhin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Roberta B Nowak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Xinhua Guo
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Xiuli An
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065.,School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Velia M Fowler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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Modular transcriptional repertoire and MicroRNA target analyses characterize genomic dysregulation in the thymus of Down syndrome infants. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7497-533. [PMID: 26848775 PMCID: PMC4884935 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 21-driven transcriptional alterations in human thymus were characterized through gene coexpression network (GCN) and miRNA-target analyses. We used whole thymic tissue--obtained at heart surgery from Down syndrome (DS) and karyotipically normal subjects (CT)--and a network-based approach for GCN analysis that allows the identification of modular transcriptional repertoires (communities) and the interactions between all the system's constituents through community detection. Changes in the degree of connections observed for hierarchically important hubs/genes in CT and DS networks corresponded to community changes. Distinct communities of highly interconnected genes were topologically identified in these networks. The role of miRNAs in modulating the expression of highly connected genes in CT and DS was revealed through miRNA-target analysis. Trisomy 21 gene dysregulation in thymus may be depicted as the breakdown and altered reorganization of transcriptional modules. Leading networks acting in normal or disease states were identified. CT networks would depict the "canonical" way of thymus functioning. Conversely, DS networks represent a "non-canonical" way, i.e., thymic tissue adaptation under trisomy 21 genomic dysregulation. This adaptation is probably driven by epigenetic mechanisms acting at chromatin level and through the miRNA control of transcriptional programs involving the networks' high-hierarchy genes.
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A Negative Regulatory Mechanism Involving 14-3-3ζ Limits Signaling Downstream of ROCK to Regulate Tissue Stiffness in Epidermal Homeostasis. Dev Cell 2016; 35:759-74. [PMID: 26702834 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ROCK signaling causes epidermal hyper-proliferation by increasing ECM production, elevating dermal stiffness, and enhancing Fak-mediated mechano-transduction signaling. Elevated dermal stiffness in turn causes ROCK activation, establishing mechano-reciprocity, a positive feedback loop that can promote tumors. We have identified a negative feedback mechanism that limits excessive ROCK signaling during wound healing and is lost in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Signal flux through ROCK was selectively tuned down by increased levels of 14-3-3ζ, which interacted with Mypt1, a ROCK signaling antagonist. In 14-3-3ζ(-/-) mice, unrestrained ROCK signaling at wound margins elevated ECM production and reduced ECM remodeling, increasing dermal stiffness and causing rapid wound healing. Conversely, 14-3-3ζ deficiency enhanced cutaneous SCC size. Significantly, inhibiting 14-3-3ζ with a novel pharmacological agent accelerated wound healing 2-fold. Patient samples of chronic non-healing wounds overexpressed 14-3-3ζ, while cutaneous SCCs had reduced 14-3-3ζ. These results reveal a novel 14-3-3ζ-dependent mechanism that negatively regulates mechano-reciprocity, suggesting new therapeutic opportunities.
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Kim TK, Tirloni L, Pinto AFM, Moresco J, Yates JR, da Silva Vaz I, Mulenga A. Ixodes scapularis Tick Saliva Proteins Sequentially Secreted Every 24 h during Blood Feeding. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004323. [PMID: 26751078 PMCID: PMC4709002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ixodes scapularis is the most medically important tick species and transmits five of the 14 reportable human tick borne disease (TBD) agents in the USA. This study describes LC-MS/MS identification of 582 tick- and 83 rabbit proteins in saliva of I. scapularis ticks that fed for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h, as well as engorged but not detached (BD), and spontaneously detached (SD). The 582 tick proteins include proteases (5.7%), protease inhibitors (7.4%), unknown function proteins (22%), immunity/antimicrobial (2.6%), lipocalin (3.1%), heme/iron binding (2.6%), extracellular matrix/ cell adhesion (2.2%), oxidant metabolism/ detoxification (6%), transporter/ receptor related (3.2%), cytoskeletal (5.5%), and housekeeping-like (39.7%). Notable observations include: (i) tick saliva proteins of unknown function accounting for >33% of total protein content, (ii) 79% of proteases are metalloproteases, (iii) 13% (76/582) of proteins in this study were found in saliva of other tick species and, (iv) ticks apparently selectively inject functionally similar but unique proteins every 24 h, which we speculate is the tick's antigenic variation equivalent strategy to protect important tick feeding functions from host immune system. The host immune responses to proteins present in 24 h I. scapularis saliva will not be effective at later feeding stages. Rabbit proteins identified in our study suggest the tick's strategic use of host proteins to modulate the feeding site. Notably fibrinogen, which is central to blood clotting and wound healing, was detected in high abundance in BD and SD saliva, when the tick is preparing to terminate feeding and detach from the host. A remarkable tick adaptation is that the feeding lesion is completely healed when the tick detaches from the host. Does the tick concentrate fibrinogen at the feeding site to aide in promoting healing of the feeding lesion? Overall, these data provide broad insight into molecular mechanisms regulating different tick feeding phases. These data set the foundation for in depth I. scapularis tick feeding physiology and TBD transmission studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kwon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lucas Tirloni
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antônio F. M. Pinto
- Centro de Pesquisas em Biologia Molecular e Funcional, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Tuberculose (INCT-TB), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - James Moresco
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - John R. Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Itabajara da Silva Vaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Albert Mulenga
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Gunning PW, Hardeman EC, Lappalainen P, Mulvihill DP. Tropomyosin - master regulator of actin filament function in the cytoskeleton. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2965-74. [PMID: 26240174 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.172502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosin (Tpm) isoforms are the master regulators of the functions of individual actin filaments in fungi and metazoans. Tpms are coiled-coil parallel dimers that form a head-to-tail polymer along the length of actin filaments. Yeast only has two Tpm isoforms, whereas mammals have over 40. Each cytoskeletal actin filament contains a homopolymer of Tpm homodimers, resulting in a filament of uniform Tpm composition along its length. Evidence for this 'master regulator' role is based on four core sets of observation. First, spatially and functionally distinct actin filaments contain different Tpm isoforms, and recent data suggest that members of the formin family of actin filament nucleators can specify which Tpm isoform is added to the growing actin filament. Second, Tpms regulate whole-organism physiology in terms of morphogenesis, cell proliferation, vesicle trafficking, biomechanics, glucose metabolism and organ size in an isoform-specific manner. Third, Tpms achieve these functional outputs by regulating the interaction of actin filaments with myosin motors and actin-binding proteins in an isoform-specific manner. Last, the assembly of complex structures, such as stress fibers and podosomes involves the collaboration of multiple types of actin filament specified by their Tpm composition. This allows the cell to specify actin filament function in time and space by simply specifying their Tpm isoform composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Gunning
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Edna C Hardeman
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Pekka Lappalainen
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Daniel P Mulvihill
- School of Biosciences, Stacey Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK
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27
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Khaitlina SY. Tropomyosin as a Regulator of Actin Dynamics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 318:255-91. [PMID: 26315888 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tropomyosin is a major regulatory protein of contractile systems and cytoskeleton, an actin-binding protein that positions laterally along actin filaments and modulates actin-myosin interaction. About 40 tropomyosin isoforms have been found in a variety of cytoskeleton systems, not necessarily connected with actin-myosin interaction and contraction. Involvement of specific tropomyosin isoforms in the regulation of key cell processes was shown, and specific features of tropomyosin genes and protein structure have been investigated with molecular biology and genetics approaches. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of tropomyosin on cytoskeleton dynamics are still unclear. As tropomyosin is primarily an F-actin-binding protein, it is important to understand how it interacts both with actin and actin-binding proteins functioning in muscles and cytoskeleton to regulate actin dynamics. This review focuses on biochemical data on the effects of tropomyosin on actin assembly and dynamics, as well as on the modulation of these effects by actin-binding proteins. The data indicate that tropomyosin can efficiently regulate actin dynamics via allosteric conformational changes within actin filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Yu Khaitlina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
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28
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Costanzo M, Cisterna B, Vella A, Cestari T, Covi V, Tabaracci G, Malatesta M. Low ozone concentrations stimulate cytoskeletal organization, mitochondrial activity and nuclear transcription. Eur J Histochem 2015; 59:2515. [PMID: 26150162 PMCID: PMC4503975 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2015.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone therapy is a modestly invasive procedure based on the regeneration capabilities of low ozone concentrations and used in medicine as an alternative/adjuvant treatment for different diseases. However, the cellular mechanisms accounting for the positive effects of mild ozonization are still largely unexplored. To this aim, in the present study the effects of low ozone concentrations (1 to 20 µg O3/mL O2) on structural and functional cell features have been investigated in vitro by using morphological, morphometrical, cytochemical and immunocytochemical techniques at bright field, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Cells exposed to pure O2 or air served as controls. The results demonstrated that the effects of ozone administration are dependent on gas concentration, and the cytoskeletal organization, mitochondrial activity and nuclear transcription may be differently affected. This suggests that, to ensure effective and permanent metabolic cell activation, ozone treatments should take into account the cytological and cytokinetic features of the different tissues.
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29
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Role of dynamin in elongated cell migration in a 3D matrix. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:611-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Nowak JM, Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska A, Izdebska M, Gagat M, Grzanka A. Gelsolin is a potential cellular target for cotinine to regulate the migration and apoptosis of A549 and T24 cancer cells. Tissue Cell 2015; 47:105-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Tropomyosin Tm5NM1 spatially restricts src kinase activity through perturbation of Rab11 vesicle trafficking. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:4436-46. [PMID: 25288639 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00796-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In order for cells to stop moving, they must synchronously stabilize actin filaments and their associated focal adhesions. How these two structures are coordinated in time and space is not known. We show here that the actin association protein Tm5NM1, which induces stable actin filaments, concurrently suppresses the trafficking of focal-adhesion-regulatory molecules. Using combinations of fluorescent biosensors and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), we demonstrate that Tm5NM1 reduces the level of delivery of Src kinase to focal adhesions, resulting in reduced phosphorylation of adhesion-resident Src substrates. Live imaging of Rab11-positive recycling endosomes that carry Src to focal adhesions reveals disruption of this pathway. We propose that tropomyosin synchronizes adhesion dynamics with the cytoskeleton by regulating actin-dependent trafficking of essential focal-adhesion molecules.
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32
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Kaga E, Karademir B, Baykal AT, Ozer NK. Identification of differentially expressed proteins in atherosclerotic aorta and effect of vitamin E. J Proteomics 2013; 92:260-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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