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Varlamova EG, Plotnikov EY, Baimler IV, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Pilot Study of Cytoprotective Mechanisms of Selenium Nanorods (SeNrs) under Ischemia-like Conditions on Cortical Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12217. [PMID: 37569591 PMCID: PMC10419292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoprotective properties of the trace element selenium, its nanoparticles, and selenium nanocomplexes with active compounds are shown using a number of models. To date, some molecular mechanisms of the protective effect of spherical selenium nanoparticles under the action of ischemia/reoxygenation on brain cells have been studied. Among other things, the dependence of the effectiveness of the neuroprotective properties of nanoselenium on its diameter, pathways, and efficiency of penetration into astrocytes was established. In general, most research in the field of nanomedicine is focused on the preparation and study of spherical nanoparticles of various origins due to the ease of their preparation; in addition, spherical nanoparticles have a large specific surface area. However, obtaining and studying the mechanisms of action of nanoparticles of a new form are of great interest since nanorods, having all the positive properties of spherical nanoparticles, will also have a number of advantages. Using the laser ablation method, we managed to obtain and characterize selenium nanorods (SeNrs) with a length of 1 μm and a diameter of 100 nm. Using fluorescence microscopy and inhibitory analysis, we were able to show that selenium nanorods cause the generation of Ca2+ signals in cortical astrocytes in an acute experiment through the mobilization of Ca2+ ions from the thapsigargin-sensitive pool of the endoplasmic reticulum. Chronic use of SeNrs leads to a change in the expression pattern of genes encoding proteins that regulate cell fate and protect astrocytes from ischemia-like conditions and reoxygenation through the inhibition of a global increase in the concentration of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i). An important component of the cytoprotective effect of SeNrs during ischemia/reoxygenation is the induction of reactive A2-type astrogliosis in astrocytes, leading to an increase in both baseline and ischemia/reoxygenation-induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity and suppression of necrosis and apoptosis. The key components of this cytoprotective action of SeNrs are the actin-dependent process of endocytosis of nanoparticles into cells and activation of the Ca2+ signaling system of astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Varlamova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya V. Baimler
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilovest., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilovest., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Egor A. Turovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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Patel S, Keating BA, Dale RC. Anti-inflammatory properties of commonly used psychiatric drugs. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1039379. [PMID: 36704001 PMCID: PMC9871790 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1039379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders are extremely common across the lifespan and are characterized by a complicated range of symptoms that affect wellbeing. There are relatively few drugs available that target disease mechanisms for any of these disorders. Instead, therapeutics are focused on symptoms and syndromes, largely driven by neurotransmitter hypotheses, such as serotonin or dopamine hypotheses of depression. Emerging evidence suggests that maternal inflammation during pregnancy plays a key role in neurodevelopmental disorders, and inflammation can influence mental health expression across the lifespan. It is now recognized that commonly used psychiatric drugs (anti-depressants, anti-psychotics, and mood stabilizers) have anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, we bring together the human evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory mechanisms for these main classes of psychiatric drugs across a broad range of mental health disorders. All three classes of drugs showed evidence of decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6 and TNF-α, while increasing the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. Some studies also showed evidence of reduced inflammatory signaling via nuclear factor- (NF-)κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways. As researchers, clinicians, and patients become increasingly aware of the role of inflammation in brain health, it is reassuring that these psychiatric drugs may also abrogate this inflammation, in addition to their effects on neurotransmission. Further studies are required to determine whether inflammation is a driver of disease pathogenesis, and therefore should be a therapeutic target in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrujna Patel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Clinical School, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Brooke A. Keating
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Russell C. Dale
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Clinical School, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia,Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Russell C. Dale ✉
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3
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Jalali N, Khalili P, Bahrampour S, Mahmoudabadi M, Esmaeili Nadimi A, Jalali Z. Cross-sectional study of passive opiate smoking in relation to stroke and some of stroke attributable risk factors in women. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16367. [PMID: 36180565 PMCID: PMC9523171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20861-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Opiate use is related to neuropathological disorders, stroke and stroke attributable risk factors. However, secondary exposure to opiate in relation to the above-mentioned complications is studied only in animal models and remains to be evaluated in human populations. We tested whether passive exposure to opiate is associated with stroke and the known stroke predictive factors. We carried out a cross-sectional study of 1541 never smoker women who participated in the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) with their husbands (2015–2017 recruitment phase). RCS is one of the 19 geographic districts of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN cohort study). Unadjusted and adjusted multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between second-hand opiate exposure (husband opiate smoking after marriage) and the odds ratio of stroke and the following stroke risk factors and predictive parameters: overweight/obesity (BMI > 25), cholesterol (chol) > 200 mg/dl, fasting blood sugar (FBS) > 125 mg/dl, low density lipoprotein (LDL) > 100 mg/dl, triglyceride (TG) > = 150 mg/dl, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic headache. We observed a significant increased adjusted odds ratio (OR) of stroke (OR = 3.43, 95% CI:1.33–8.82) and its risk factors LDL > 100 mg/dl (OR = 1.37, 95% CI:1.01–1.87) and FBS > 125 mg/dl (OR = 1.58, 95% CI:1.08–2.30) in women associated with husbands’ opiate smoking. This relationship was observed after adjusting for the confounding parameters including age, education years, and first-degree family history of the relevant diseases. The increased odds ratio for stroke and high LDL displayed a dose-sensitive trend with years of husband’s opiate smoking after marriage (respective p-trends: 0.02 & 0.01). We did not observe a significant association between passive opiate smoking and high TG, high Chol or the diseases diabetes, hypertension and chronic headache. However, 89% increased odds ratio of chronic headache was observed to be associated with passive opiate smoking for more than 10 years (OR = 1.89, 95% CI:1.02–3.50). We found an increased risk of stroke and high LDL and FBS in women associated with passive opiate smoking. Furthermore, a dose-sensitive connection was found between the risks of stroke, high LDL and chronic headache with the years of passive opiate exposure. Our results point to the necessity of the future analyses, which further assess whether passive opiate exposure could be considered as an independent risk factor for stroke and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Jalali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Parvin Khalili
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Bahrampour
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahmoudabadi
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili Nadimi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Jalali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Rahimi Mehdi Abad F, Khalili P, Jalali F, Pirsadeghi A, Esmaeili Nadimi A, Manshoori A, Jalali Z. Maternal opioid use is reflected on leukocyte telomere length of male newborns. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261013. [PMID: 34919564 PMCID: PMC8682876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid use accelerates normal aging in adults that raises a question on whether it may trans-generationally affect aging and aging biomarkers in the offspring of users as well? In the present research, we investigated the relative telomere length in umbilical cord blood of newborns born to opioid consuming mothers compared to normal controls. Telomere length shortening is a known biomarker of aging and aging related diseases. Its measure at birth or early in life is considered as a predictor of individual health in adulthood. Here, we performed a case-control study to investigate whether maternal opioid use affects newborns relative telomere length (RTL). 57 mother-newborn dyads were included in this study, 30 neonates with opioid using mothers (OM), and 27 with not-opioid using mothers (NOM)). RTL was measured in leukocyte cells genomic DNA using real-time PCR. The correlation of maternal opioid use with neonates telomer length was assessed using logistic regression analysis. The results displayed a significant association between odds ratio of long RTL and maternal opioid use when sensitivity analysis was performed by neonate sex; where the data indicates significantly increased odds ratio of long leukocyte RTL in association with maternal opioid use in male neonates only. Further work is necessary to assess this association in larger samples and test the potential underlying mechanisms for this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi Mehdi Abad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Parvin Khalili
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jalali
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Pirsadeghi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili Nadimi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjani University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Azita Manshoori
- Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Jalali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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5
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Burdine J, Luedtke S. Serotonin Toxicity Versus Withdrawal: Clonidine One Size Fits All? J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2021; 26:502-517. [PMID: 34239404 DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-26.5.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin discontinuation syndrome (SDS) can result in a constellation of symptoms exhibited by infants exposed to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or other psychotropic drugs during pregnancy. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the pharmacologic management of SDS. We report our experience with clonidine for the management of a term infant with poor neonatal adaption. The infant exhibited biphasic symptoms of acute toxicity at birth and a plateauing of symptoms, followed by subsequent withdrawal symptomatology requiring the use of clonidine in doses up to 4 mcg/kg/dose every 3 hours for control of symptoms. The 38-week gestation Caucasian male infant was born to a mother with major depressive disorder, which was managed with sertraline, trazodone, venlafaxine, and buspirone throughout her pregnancy. The infant exhibited severe hypertonia at delivery and continued to have hypertonia, tremors, hypoglycemia, and feeding issues upon admission to the NICU. The initial Modified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence scores were extremely elevated, and clonidine was started at 1 mcg/kg/dose every 3 hours and then the dose was titrated up to 4 mcg/kg/dose. This is the first report documenting the use of clonidine to manage serotonin toxicity at birth followed by subsequent neonatal withdrawal associated with maternal antidepressant drug use during pregnancy.
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Qu N, Meng Y, Handley MK, Wang C, Shan F. Preclinical and clinical studies into the bioactivity of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) for oncotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107714. [PMID: 33989971 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Naltrexone (NTX) is a nonspecific opioid antagonist that exerts pharmacological effects on the opioid axis by blocking opioid receptors distributed in cytoplastic and nuclear regions. NTX has been used in opioid use disorder (OUD), immune-associated diseases, alcoholism, obesity, and chronic pain for decades. However, low-dose naltrexone (LDN) also exhibits remarkable inhibition of DNA synthesis, viability, and other functions in numerous cancers and is involved in immune remodeling against tumor invasion and chemical toxicity. The potential anticancer activity of LDN is a focus of basic research. Herein, we summarize the associated studies on LDN oncotherapy to highlight the potential mechanisms and prospective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Qu
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Institute and Hospital, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yiming Meng
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Institute and Hospital, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mike K Handley
- Cytocom, Inc., 2537 Research Blvd. Suite 201, FortCollins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Institute and Hospital, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Fengping Shan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, China.
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7
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Gaidin SG, Turovskaya MV, Mal’tseva VN, Zinchenko VP, Blinova EV, Turovsky EA. A Complex Neuroprotective Effect of Alpha-2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists in a Model of Cerebral Ischemia–Reoxygenation In Vitro. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747819040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Franchi S, Moschetti G, Amodeo G, Sacerdote P. Do All Opioid Drugs Share the Same Immunomodulatory Properties? A Review From Animal and Human Studies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2914. [PMID: 31921173 PMCID: PMC6920107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppression of the immune system has been constantly reported in the last years as a classical side effect of opioid drugs. Most of the studies on the immunological properties of opioids refer to morphine. Although morphine remains the "reference molecule," other semisynthetic and synthetic opioids are frequently used in the clinical practice. The primary objective of this review is to analyze the available literature on the immunomodulating properties of opioid drugs different from morphine in preclinical models and in the human. A search strategy was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane databases using the terms "immunosuppression," "immune system," "opioids," "Natural killer cells," "cytokines," and "lymphocytes." The results achieved concerning the effects of fentanyl, methadone, oxycodone, buprenorphine, remifentanil, tramadol, and tapentadol on immune responses in animal studies, in healthy volunteers and in patients are reported. With some limitations due to the different methods used to measure immune system parameters, the large range of opioid doses and the relatively scarce number of participants in the available studies, we conclude that it is not correct to generalize immunosuppression as a common side effect of all opioid molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paola Sacerdote
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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Beck TC, Hapstack MA, Beck KR, Dix TA. Therapeutic Potential of Kappa Opioid Agonists. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020095. [PMID: 31226764 PMCID: PMC6631266 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many original research articles have been published that describe findings and outline areas for the development of kappa-opioid agonists (KOAs) as novel drugs; however, a single review article that summarizes the broad potential for KOAs in drug development does not exist. It is well-established that KOAs demonstrate efficacy in pain attenuation; however, KOAs also have proven to be beneficial in treating a variety of novel but often overlapping conditions including cardiovascular disease, pruritus, nausea, inflammatory diseases, spinal anesthesia, stroke, hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, multiple sclerosis, addiction, and post-traumatic cartilage degeneration. This article summarizes key findings of KOAs and discusses the untapped therapeutic potential of KOAs in the treatment of many human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler C Beck
- Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 280 Calhoun Street, QF204, Charleston, SC 29424-2303, USA.
- College of Medicine, 173 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29424-2303, USA.
| | | | - Kyle R Beck
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210-9998, USA.
| | - Thomas A Dix
- Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 280 Calhoun Street, QF204, Charleston, SC 29424-2303, USA.
- JT Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 300 West Coleman Blvd., Suite 203, Mount Pleasant, SC 29464-2303, USA.
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Schwarzbach SV, Melo CF, Xavier PLP, Roballo KC, Cordeiro YG, Ambrósio CE, Fukumasu H, Carregaro AB. Morphine, but not methadone, inhibits microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated horse synoviocytes. Biochimie 2019; 160:28-33. [PMID: 30763639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main locomotor disorders in horses. Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the first-line treatment for OA, opioids could also be used. In previous studies, opioids showed promising anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of two opioids (morphine and methadone) against inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated synoviocytes by analyzing microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) expression. Synoviocytes were obtained from the joints at the distal limbs of dead animals. The cytotoxic effects of LPS, morphine, and methadone were investigated by using a cell viability assay with crystal violet dye. Synoviocytes were treated with LPS, LPS plus morphine, or LPS plus methadone for 3, 6, and 12 h, and mPGES-1 and PTGS2 expression was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. LPS, and morphine did not affect the viability of synoviocytes, even at high concentrations. LPS treatment increased mPGES-1 and PTGS2 expression, whereas morphine inhibited the increase in mPGES-1 and PTGS2 expression in LPS-stimulated synoviocytes. Methadone did not inhibit mPGES-1 or PTGS2 expression. These results suggest that morphine may exhibit anti-inflammatory effect; therefore, it might be beneficial for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Schwarzbach
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - C F Melo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - P L P Xavier
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - K C Roballo
- Innovative Therapies Group (GDTI), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Y G Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - C E Ambrósio
- Innovative Therapies Group (GDTI), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - H Fukumasu
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - A B Carregaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
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McAdams RM, McPherson RJ, Beyer RP, Bammler TK, Farin FM, Juul SE. Dose-dependent effects of morphine exposure on mRNA and microRNA (miR) expression in hippocampus of stressed neonatal mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123047. [PMID: 25844808 PMCID: PMC4386824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine is used to sedate critically ill infants to treat painful or stressful conditions associated with intensive care. Whether neonatal morphine exposure affects microRNA (miR) expression and thereby alters mRNA regulation is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that repeated morphine treatment in stress-exposed neonatal mice alters hippocampal mRNA and miR expression. C57BL/6 male mice were treated from postnatal day (P) 5 to P9 with morphine sulfate at 2 or 5 mg/kg ip twice daily and then exposed to stress consisting of hypoxia (100% N2 1 min and 100% O2 5 min) followed by 2h maternal separation. Control mice were untreated and dam-reared. mRNA and miR expression profiling was performed on hippocampal tissues at P9. Overall, 2 and 5 mg/kg morphine treatment altered expression of a total of 150 transcripts (>1.5 fold change, P<0.05) from which 100 unique mRNAs were recognized (21 genes were up- and 79 genes were down-regulated), and 5 mg/kg morphine affected 63 mRNAs exclusively. The most upregulated mRNAs were fidgetin, arginine vasopressin, and resistin-like alpha, and the most down-regulated were defensin beta 11, aquaporin 1, calmodulin-like 4, chloride intracellular channel 6, and claudin 2. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that morphine treatment affected pathways related to cell cycle, membrane function, signaling, metabolism, cell death, transcriptional regulation, and immune response. Morphine decreased expression of miR-204-5p, miR-455-3p, miR-448-5p, and miR-574-3p. Nine morphine-responsive mRNAs that are involved in neurodevelopment, neurotransmission, and inflammation are predicted targets of the aforementioned differentially expressed miRs. These data establish that morphine produces dose-dependent changes in both hippocampal mRNA and miR expression in stressed neonatal mice. If permanent, morphine–mediated neuroepigenetic effects may affect long-term hippocampal function, and this provides a mechanism for the neonatal morphine-related impairment of adult learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. McAdams
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ronald J. McPherson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Richard P. Beyer
- Dept of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Theo K. Bammler
- Dept of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Frederico M. Farin
- Dept of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sandra E. Juul
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-sixth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2013 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia; stress and social status; tolerance and dependence; learning and memory; eating and drinking; alcohol and drugs of abuse; sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology; mental illness and mood; seizures and neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity and neurophysiology; general activity and locomotion; gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Declue AE, Yu DH, Prochnow S, Axiak-Bechtel S, Amorim J, Tsuruta K, Donaldson R, Lino G, Monibi F, Honaker A, Dodam J. Effects of opioids on phagocytic function, oxidative burst capacity, cytokine production and apoptosis in canine leukocytes. Vet J 2014; 200:270-5. [PMID: 24679456 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Opioids alter immune and apoptotic pathways in several species. They are commonly used in companion animals affected with infectious and/or inflammatory disease, but the immunomodulatory and apoptotic effects of these drugs in dogs are relatively unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of morphine, buprenorphine and fentanyl on canine phagocyte function, oxidative burst capacity, leukocyte cytokine production, and lymphocyte apoptosis. Blood from six healthy adult dogs was incubated in the presence or absence of morphine (200 ng/mL), buprenorphine (10 ng/mL) or fentanyl (10 ng/mL) for 3 h (phagocytic function; cytokine production) or 8 h (apoptosis). Neutrophil phagocytosis of opsonized Escherichia coli, respiratory burst capacity after stimulation with opsonized E. coli or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and Annexin V-FITC staining of apoptotic lymphocytes were evaluated using flow cytometry. Leukocyte production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 was assessed after incubation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or peptidoglycan. Morphine promoted a more intense respiratory burst. Morphine, buprenorphine and fentanyl all promoted LPS- or LTA-induced TNF-α and IL-10 production. However, the opioids tested did not alter TNF-α:IL-10 ratios. Morphine, buprenorphine and fentanyl all inhibited neutrophil apoptosis, an effect that was not concentration dependent in nature. These data indicate that opioids alter immune and apoptotic pathways in dogs. The possible effects of opioids on immune and cellular responses should be considered when designing studies and interpreting outcomes of studies involving administration of opioids in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Declue
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
| | - Do-Hyeon Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sarah Prochnow
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Sandra Axiak-Bechtel
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Juliana Amorim
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Kaoru Tsuruta
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Rebecca Donaldson
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Giulia Lino
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Farrah Monibi
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Allison Honaker
- Sarasota Dolphin Research Program, Chicago Zoological Society c/o Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA
| | - John Dodam
- Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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