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Takahashi N, Yokoi S, Kimura H, Naiki H, Matsusaka T, Yamamoto Y, Nakatani K, Kasuno K, Iwano M. Renoprotective effects of extracellular fibroblast specific protein 1 via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-mediated antioxidant activity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22540. [PMID: 38110482 PMCID: PMC10728167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte expression of fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP1) is observed in various types of human glomerulonephritis. Considering that FSP1 is secreted extracellularly and has been shown to have multiple biological effects on distant cells, we postulated that secreted FSP1 from podocytes might impact renal tubules. Our RNA microarray analysis in a tubular epithelial cell line (mProx) revealed that FSP1 induced the expression of heme oxygenase 1, sequestosome 1, solute carrier family 7, member 11, and cystathionine gamma-lyase, all of which are associated with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) activation. Therefore, FSP1 is likely to exert cytoprotective effects through Nrf2-induced antioxidant activity. Moreover, in mProx, FSP1 facilitated Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus, increased levels of reduced glutathione, inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reduced cisplatin-induced cell death. FSP1 also ameliorated acute tubular injury in mice with cisplatin nephrotoxicity, which is a representative model of ROS-mediated tissue injury. Similarly, in transgenic mice that express FSP1 specifically in podocytes, tubular injury associated with cisplatin nephrotoxicity was also mitigated. Extracellular FSP1 secreted from podocytes acts on downstream tubular cells, exerting renoprotective effects through Nrf2-mediated antioxidant activity. Consequently, podocytes and tubular epithelial cells have a remote communication network to limit injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Takahashi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Seiji Yokoi
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Hideki Kimura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hironobu Naiki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Taiji Matsusaka
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Basic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Nakatani
- Department of Nephrology, Yamashiro General Medical Center, Kizugawa, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kasuno
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwano
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-Cho, Yoshida-Gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
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Yilmaz H, Mercantepe F, Tumkaya L, Mercantepe T, Yilmaz A, Yilmaz Rakici S. The potential antioxidant effect of N-acetylcysteine on X-ray ionizing radiation-induced pancreas islet cell toxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 685:149154. [PMID: 37913693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has highlighted the impact of X-ray irradiation-induced organ damage, on cancer patients after radiation therapy. The ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress causes injury to the pancreatic islet cells of Langerhans. We used histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses to examine α- and β-cells in the islets of Langerhans in rats undergoing whole-body x-ray ionizing radiation, a group of which was treated with NAC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, one control, and two experimental groups. Group I (Control) was administered only saline solution (0.09% NaCl) by oral gavage for 7 days. Group II (IR) was administrated whole body single dose 6 Gray ionizing radiation (IR) and saline solution (0.09% NaCl) by oral gavage for 7 days. Group III (IR + NAC) was administered 300 mg/kg NAC (N-acetylcysteine) by oral gavage for 7 days, 5 days before, and 2 days after 6 Gray IR application. RESULTS In the X-ray irradiation group, we observed diffuse necrotic endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans. In addition, we found that Caspase-3, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased, and insulin, glucagon, and glutathione (GSH) levels decreased in the IR group compared to the control group. In contrast, we observed a decrease in Caspase-3, and MDA levels in necrotic endocrine cells, and an increase in insulin, glucagon, and GSH levels in the IR + NAC group compared to the IR group. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for the beneficial effects of N-acetyl cysteine on islets of Langerhans cells with X-ray ionizing-radiation-induced damage in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Yilmaz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Filiz Mercantepe
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sema Yilmaz Rakici
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
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Sun Y, Jin D, Zhang Z, Ji H, An X, Zhang Y, Yang C, Sun W, Zhang Y, Duan Y, Kang X, Jiang L, Zhao X, Lian F. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in kidney diseases: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194967. [PMID: 37553065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is regulated by methylases, commonly referred to as "writers," and demethylases, known as "erasers," leading to a dynamic and reversible process. Changes in m6A levels have been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes, including nuclear RNA export, mRNA metabolism, protein translation, and RNA splicing, establishing a strong correlation with various diseases. Both physiologically and pathologically, m6A methylation plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of kidney disease. The methylation of m6A may also facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases, according to accumulating research. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential role and mechanism of m6A methylation in kidney diseases, as well as its potential application in the treatment of such diseases. There will be a thorough examination of m6A methylation mechanisms, paying particular attention to the interplay between m6A writers, m6A erasers, and m6A readers. Furthermore, this paper will elucidate the interplay between various kidney diseases and m6A methylation, summarize the expression patterns of m6A in pathological kidney tissues, and discuss the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting m6A in the context of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - De Jin
- Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hangyu Ji
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuedong An
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cunqing Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Duan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Zhang D, Luo G, Jin K, Bao X, Huang L, Ke J. The underlying mechanisms of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and its therapeutic intervention using natural compounds. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2925-2941. [PMID: 37289283 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug widely used for the treatment of various solid tumors; however, its clinical use and efficacy are limited by its inherent nephrotoxicity. The pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is complex and has not been fully elucidated. Cellular uptake and transport, DNA damage, apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and autophagy are involved in the development of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Currently, despite some deficiencies, hydration regimens remain the major protective measures against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, effective drugs must be explored and developed to prevent and treat cisplatin-induced kidney injury. In recent years, many natural compounds with high efficiency and low toxicity have been identified for the treatment of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, including quercetin, saikosaponin D, berberine, resveratrol, and curcumin. These natural agents have multiple targets, multiple effects, and low drug resistance; therefore, they can be safely used as a supplementary regimen or combination therapy for cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. This review aimed to comprehensively describe the molecular mechanisms underlying cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and summarize natural kidney-protecting compounds to provide new ideas for the development of better therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Zhang
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, 321000, China
| | - Guangwen Luo
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, 321000, China.
| | - Kaixiang Jin
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, 321000, China
| | - Xiaodong Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Jianghuan Ke
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, 321000, China
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Dil E, Topcu A, Mercantepe T, Tumkaya L, Akyildiz K, Saral S, Yilmaz A. Agomelatine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity via oxidative stress and apoptosis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2753-2764. [PMID: 37480488 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02632-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is the greatest deterrent to the use of cisplatin, which is a frequently used chemotherapeutic with proven effectiveness in cancer therapy. Agomelatine, which is used in the treatment of sleep disorders and depression, has gained attention in recent years with its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the effects of the synthetic melatonin agonist agomelatine on nephrotoxicity were investigated in a rat model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity using biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical methods. Thirty-two male rats were divided into 4 groups: 1. control group, 2. agomelatine group, 3. cisplatin group, 4. cisplatin + agomelatine group. In the cisplatin group, there were widespread atypical glomerular structures and vacuolization in tubular epithelial cells, necrotic tubules, deterioration of brush border structure in proximal tubules, and fibrotic areas characterized by diffuse polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PNL) and extensive collagen deposition in the interstitial spaces. However, in the cisplatin + agomelatine group, we observed a reduction in glomeruli of atypical structure and necrotic tubules, in PNL infiltration in interstitial spaces, and fibrotic areas compared to the cisplatin group. The cisplatin + agomelatine group showed lower malondialdehyde (MDA) serum creatinine, serum urea levels, and higher glutathione (GSH) levels compared to the cisplatin group. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the elevated NF-kβ/p65, 8-OHdG, and cleaved caspase-3 positivity in the cisplatin group had significantly decreased in the cisplatin + agomelatine group. In conclusion, agomelatine showed a nephroprotective effect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyup Dil
- Department of Urology Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 2 Nolu Sehitler Street, Rize, 53010, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Topcu
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, 53010, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, 53010, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, 53010, Turkey
| | - Kerimali Akyildiz
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, 53010, Turkey
| | - Sinan Saral
- Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, 53010, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, 53010, Turkey
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Zou C, Tang X, Guo T, Jiang T, Zhang W, Zhang J. CTRP3 attenuates inflammation, oxidative and cell death in cisplatin induced HK-2 cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15890. [PMID: 37637169 PMCID: PMC10460153 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin has been widely studied and found to be a highly effective anti-tumor drug. It has several side effects, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Cisplatin-induced AKI can be primarily attributed to oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The CTRP3 adipokine is a new adipokine that exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. Despite this, the role of CTRP3 in AKI remain unclear. In cisplatin-induced AKI models, our findings demonstrated that CTRP3 expression was decreased in human proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2). In the in vitro experiments, HK-2 cells were first transfected with an overexpression plasmid of CTRP3 (pcDNA-CTRP3) or a small interfering RNA for CTRP3 (si-CTRP3) and induced by cisplatin; and cell oxidative stress, inflammation, proliferation, and apoptosis were found to be present. Overexpressing CTRP3 inhibited oxidative stress through decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increasing the activity of SOD and CAT. The mRNA levels of SOD1 and SOD2 were increased in response to CTRP3 overexpression. Additionally, CTRP3 decreased TNF-α and MCP-1 levels. Moreover, CTRP3 overexpression increased cisplatin-induced cell activity and decreased cell apoptosis, as indicated by the elevated numbers of EdU positive cells and decreased numbers of apoptotic cells. Consistent with these results, the overexpression of CTRP3 effectively elevated the mRNA levels of Bcl-2 and reduced the mRNA levels of Bax. In contrast, inhibition of CTRP3 expression by si-CTRP3 reversed the cisplatin-induced indices. Mechanistically, we found that the overexpression of CTRP3 can increase expression of Nrf2 and inhibit the activation of MAPK phosphorylation (ERK, JNK, and p38). Furthermore, inhibition of ERK, JNK and p38 activity eliminated aggravation of cisplatin-induced inflammation and apoptosis caused by CTRP3 knockdown. Additionally, the cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and activation of MAPK phosphorylation (ERK, JNK, and p38) in HK-2 cells were reversed by Nrf2 suppression by siRNA. Collectively, these results indicated that CTRP3 may identify as a novel target for AKI treatment and protect against cisplatin-induced AKI through the Nrf2/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People’s Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xun Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu S, Wei W, Wang J, Chen T. Theranostic applications of selenium nanomedicines against lung cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:96. [PMID: 36935493 PMCID: PMC10026460 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer are among the highest in the world. Traditional treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Although rapid progress has been achieved in the past decade, treatment limitations remain. It is therefore imperative to identify safer and more effective therapeutic methods, and research is currently being conducted to identify more efficient and less harmful drugs. In recent years, the discovery of antitumor drugs based on the essential trace element selenium (Se) has provided good prospects for lung cancer treatments. In particular, compared to inorganic Se (Inorg-Se) and organic Se (Org-Se), Se nanomedicine (Se nanoparticles; SeNPs) shows much higher bioavailability and antioxidant activity and lower toxicity. SeNPs can also be used as a drug delivery carrier to better regulate protein and DNA biosynthesis and protein kinase C activity, thus playing a role in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. SeNPs can also effectively activate antigen-presenting cells to stimulate cell immunity, exert regulatory effects on innate and regulatory immunity, and enhance lung cancer immunotherapy. This review summarizes the application of Se-based species and materials in lung cancer diagnosis, including fluorescence, MR, CT, photoacoustic imaging and other diagnostic methods, as well as treatments, including direct killing, radiosensitization, chemotherapeutic sensitization, photothermodynamics, and enhanced immunotherapy. In addition, the application prospects and challenges of Se-based drugs in lung cancer are examined, as well as their forecasted future clinical applications and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Liu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Weifeng Wei
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jinlin Wang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Ding X, Hou Y, Liu X, Li X, Liu X, Deng Y, Cao N, Yu W. The role of Sirt3-induced autophagy in renal structural damage caused by periodontitis in rats. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:97-108. [PMID: 36380567 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research aimed to explore the effect of periodontitis on renal tissues injury in rats and the role of Sirtuin3 (Sirt3) and its regulation of autophagy in this progression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty Wistar rats were assigned into three groups: control, periodontitis (P), and periodontitis with gavage administration of Sirt3 activator resveratrol (P + RSV). To induce periodontitis, the wire ligature was placed around the cervical region of the rat maxillary first molar. After 8 weeks, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were used to evaluate the alveolar bone resorption and periodontal inflammation. Serum and urine biochemical indicators were measured to assess renal function. The pathological changes of the kidney were observed via HE and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining. Autophagosome was viewed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Real-time PCR and western blot were used to test expressions of Sirt3 and autophagy indicators in renal and periodontal tissues, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphor-mTOR (p-mTOR), BECN1 (Beclin-1), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3). RESULTS Alveolar bone destruction, resorption, and periodontal inflammation were observed in the P group (compared with the control group), and the above indexes were significantly improved after RSV intervention; the obvious changes in renal tissue structure in the P group were partially recovered after RSV intervention, while renal functional status was not affected (among the three groups); in addition, the levels of Sirt3 and autophagy in kidney and periodontal tissues of P group were inhibited, manifested as a decrease in the number of autophagosomes (renal tissue) and expressions of autophagy marker Beclin-1 and LC3 conversion rate and an increase in the expression of p-mTOR. After Sirt3 activation (RSV), the above indicators were significantly improved. CONCLUSION Periodontitis causes renal structural damage in rats, which may be connected to the effect of Sirt3-induced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ding
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yubo Hou
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinchan Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Niuben Cao
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weixian Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Paricalcitol Ameliorates Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020969. [PMID: 36674485 PMCID: PMC9861387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective and targeted prevention and treatment methods for acute kidney injury (AKI), a common clinical complication, still needs to be explored. Paricalcitol is a biologically active chemical that binds to vitamin D receptors in the body to exert anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the molecular mechanism of the effect of paricalcitol on AKI remains unclear. The current study uses a paricalcitol pretreatment with a mouse AKI model induced by cisplatin to detect changes in renal function, pathology and ultrastructure. Results showed that paricalcitol significantly improved renal function in mice and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and mitochondrial damage in renal tissue. Furthermore, paricalcitol markedly suppressed reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels in the kidneys of AKI mice and increased the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, Catalase and total anti-oxidant capacity. In addition, we detected renal necrosis and inflammation-related proteins in AKI mice by immunofluorescence and Western blot, and found that their levels were markedly decreased after paricalcitol pretreatment. Moreover, paricalcitol promotes nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the nucleus and activates the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway; while HO-1 is inhibited, the protective effect of paricalcitol on the kidney is attenuated. In conclusion, paricalcitol exerts a renoprotective effect by decreasing renal oxidative injury and inflammation through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, providing a new insight into AKI prevention.
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Jo SY, Cho HJ, Kim TM. Fenoldopam Mesylate Enhances the Survival of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Under Oxidative Stress and Increases the Therapeutic Function in Acute Kidney Injury. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897221147920. [PMID: 36594258 PMCID: PMC9830573 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221147920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained interest as an alternative therapeutic option for renal diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI). However, their use is often limited owing to low survival rates in vivo. Fenoldopam mesylate (FD) is a selective dopamine D1 receptor agonist with antioxidative and anti-apoptotic roles. Herein, we investigated whether FD can enhance the survival of MSCs undergoing oxidative stress in vitro. In addition, the therapeutic effect of MSCs and FD-treated MSCs (FD-MSCs) was compared in a mouse model of AKI induced by cisplatin. The survival of MSCs under oxidative stress was augmented by FD treatment. FD induced the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein and AKT, contributing to enhanced growth compared with untreated MSCs. The expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase-1 was increased by FD treatment, and nuclear translocation of NRF2 was found exclusively in FD-MSCs. FD downregulated BAX expression, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced reactive oxygen species generation, and decreased the apoptotic death of MSCs induced by oxidative stress. Moreover, renal function and tubular injury were improved in FD-MSCs compared with non-treated MSCs. Furthermore, tubular injury, apoptosis, and macrophage infiltration, as well as the serum level of tumor necrosis factor-α were reduced, while tubular cell proliferation was markedly increased in FD-MSCs compared with MSCs. Our study demonstrated that FD increases the survivability of MSCs in an oxidative environment, and its use may be effective in preparing robust therapeutic MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeon Jo
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Cho
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea,Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea,Tae Min Kim, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang Daero 1447, Pyeongchang 25354, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
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11
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Topcu A, Saral S, Mercantepe T, Akyildiz K, Tumkaya L, Yilmaz A. The effects of apelin-13 against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:77-87. [PMID: 34894944 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2011309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is observed in nearly 60% of patients undergoing cisplatin (CP) therapy. The aim of this study was to reveal the potential effects of apelin-13 (AP-13) in the prevention of CP-induced renal toxicity, together with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect mechanisms. Four experimental groups were established. Group 1, the control group, received 0.9% saline solution alone intraperitoneally (IP). Group 2, the CP group, received CP IP at 5 mg/kg once weekly for four weeks for induction of nephrotoxicity. In Group 3, the CP + Apelin-13 (AP-13) group, AP-13 was prepared at 20 nmol kg/d in sterile pyrogen-free saline before injection every day for four weeks and administered IP. CP was administered IP at 5 mg/kg once weekly for four weeks for induction of nephrotoxicity. In Group 4, the AP-13 group, AP-13 was prepared at 20 nmol kg/d in sterile pyrogen-free 0.9% saline before injection every day for four weeks and administered IP. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), thiol (-SH), interleukin-1 beta, cleaved caspase-3, 8-hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ/p65) levels were then measured. Increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis as a result of CP application activated the cascade. However, AP-13 administration reduced the oxidative stress increased by CIS with the determined antioxidant effect and reduced the damage by increasing total -SH levels. 8-OHdG and NF-κβ/p65, which were up-regulated by triggering oxidative stress and inflammation, were down-regulated through the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of AP-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Topcu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sinan Saral
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Kerimali Akyildiz
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Health Care Services Vocational School, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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Siriviriyakul P, Sriko J, Somanawat K, Chayanupatkul M, Klaikeaw N, Werawatganon D. Genistein attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in L-arginine induced acute pancreatitis in mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:208. [PMID: 35927726 PMCID: PMC9351145 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Acute pancreatitis is a common and potentially serious condition. However, a specific treatment for this condition is still lacking. Genistein, with its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, could possibly be used to tackle the underlying pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of genistein on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in acute pancreatitis induced by L-arginine in mice. Methods Twenty-four male ICR mice were equally divided into 4 groups: Control (Con); Acute pancreatitis (AP) group: Two doses of i.p. 350 mg/100 g body weight (BW) of L-arginine were administered 1 h apart; AP and low-dose genistein (LG) group: mice were given i.p. injection of 10 mg/kg genistein 2 h prior to L-arginine injection followed by once-daily dosing for 3 days; and AP and high-dose genistein (HG) group: mice were given 100 mg/kg genistein with the similar protocol as the LG group. Pancreatic tissue was evaluated for histopathological changes and acinar cell apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, immunohistochemical staining for myeloperoxidase (MPO), nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-kB), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Serum levels of amylase (AMY), c-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured. Results Significant increases in the degree of acinar cell apoptosis, pancreatic MDA, serum IL-6 and amylase, MPO, NF-kB and 4-HNE positivity were observed in the AP group. All these parameters declined after low- and high-dose genistein treatment. Severe pancreatic inflammation, edema, and acinar cell necrosis were observed in the AP group. Significant improvement of histopathological changes was seen in both low- and high-dose genistein groups. There were no significant differences in any parameters between low and high doses of genistein. Conclusion Genistein could attenuate the severity of histopathological changes in acute pancreatitis through its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03689-9.
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Effects of Genistein on Common Kidney Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183768. [PMID: 36145144 PMCID: PMC9506319 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein is a naturally occurring phytoestrogen (soy or soybean products) that is classified as an isoflavone, and its structure is similar to that of endogenous estrogens; therefore, genistein can exert an estrogen-like effect via estrogen receptors. Additionally, genistein is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which enables it to block abnormal cell growth and proliferation signals through the inhibition of tyrosine kinase. Genistein is also an angiogenesis inhibitor and an antioxidant. Genistein has effects on kidney cells, some of the kidney’s physiological functions, and a variety of kidney diseases. First, genistein exerts a protective effect on normal cells by reducing the inflammatory response, inhibiting apoptosis, inhibiting oxidative stress, inhibiting remodeling, etc., but after cell injury, the protective effect of genistein decreases or even has the opposite effect. Second, genistein can regulate renin intake to maintain blood pressure balance, regulate calcium uptake to regulate Ca2+ and Pi balances, and reduce vasodilation to promote diuresis. Third, genistein has beneficial effects on a variety of kidney diseases (including acute kidney disease, kidney cancer, and different chronic kidney diseases), such as reducing symptoms, delaying disease progression, and improving prognosis. Therefore, this paper reviews animal and human studies on the protective effects of genistein on the kidney in vivo and in vitro to provide a reference for clinical research in the future.
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Xia J, Hu JN, Zhang RB, Liu W, Zhang H, Wang Z, Jiang S, Wang YP, Li W. Icariin exhibits protective effects on cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity via ROS-mediated oxidative stress injury in vivo and in vitro. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154331. [PMID: 35878553 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity severely limits its clinical application as an antitumor drug and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Icariin (ICA), the main flavonoid isolated from Epimedii Folium, has been demonstrated to have various beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. However, the protective effect of ICA against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity remains unclear. PURPOSE In present study, we explored the protective action of ICA against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity and its possible molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Mice were intraperitoneally injected with cisplatin 4 mg/kg every other day for 7 times to establish myocardial injury model. ICA (15, 30 mg/kg) was administered to mice by gavage for 21 days. H9c2 cells were treated with ICA (3, 6, 12 µM) in the presence or absence of cisplatin (40 µM), and then cell viability, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function were evaluated. RESULTS Biochemical index detection and histopathological staining analysis showed that ICA had a good protective effect on cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity. Cellular experiments showed that ICA inhibited cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner by regulating the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). ICA could inhibit the expression of NF-κB and the secretion of inflammatory factors, thereby alleviating the inflammatory injury caused by cisplatin. In addition, ICA could alleviate cisplatin-induced myocardial injury by activating SIRT1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and inhibiting MAPKs signaling pathway. CONCLUSION These results suggest that ICA could attenuate cisplatin-induced cardiac injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, laying a foundation for ICA to reduce chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xia
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ruo-Bing Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Toxicity: Potential Roles of Major NAD +-Dependent Enzymes and Plant-Derived Natural Products. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081078. [PMID: 36008971 PMCID: PMC9405866 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is an FDA approved anti-cancer drug that is widely used for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. However, the severe adverse effects of cisplatin, particularly kidney toxicity, restrict its clinical and medication applications. The major mechanisms of cisplatin-induced renal toxicity involve oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis, which are covered in this short review. In particular, we review the underlying mechanisms of cisplatin kidney injury in the context of NAD+-dependent redox enzymes including mitochondrial complex I, NAD kinase, CD38, sirtuins, poly-ADP ribosylase polymerase, and nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) and their potential contributing roles in the amelioration of cisplatin-induced kidney injury conferred by natural products derived from plants. We also cover general procedures used to create animal models of cisplatin-induced kidney injury involving mice and rats. We highlight the fact that more studies will be needed to dissect the role of each NAD+-dependent redox enzyme and its involvement in modulating cisplatin-induced kidney injury, in conjunction with intensive research in NAD+ redox biology and the protective effects of natural products against cisplatin-induced kidney injury.
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Ashkar F, Bhullar KS, Wu J. The Effect of Polyphenols on Kidney Disease: Targeting Mitochondria. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153115. [PMID: 35956292 PMCID: PMC9370485 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function, including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondria dynamics, are essential for the maintenance of renal health. Through modulation of mitochondrial function, the kidneys are able to sustain or recover acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), nephrotoxicity, nephropathy, and ischemia perfusion. Therapeutic improvement in mitochondrial function in the kidneys is related to the regulation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, free radicals scavenging, decline in apoptosis, and inflammation. Dietary antioxidants, notably polyphenols present in fruits, vegetables, and plants, have attracted attention as effective dietary and pharmacological interventions. Considerable evidence shows that polyphenols protect against mitochondrial damage in different experimental models of kidney disease. Mechanistically, polyphenols regulate the mitochondrial redox status, apoptosis, and multiple intercellular signaling pathways. Therefore, this review attempts to focus on the role of polyphenols in the prevention or treatment of kidney disease and explore the molecular mechanisms associated with their pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianping Wu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-492-6885; Fax: +1-780-492-8524
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Lin WH, Jiang WP, Chen CC, Lee LY, Tsai YS, Chien LH, Chou YN, Deng JS, Huang GJ. Renoprotective Effect of Pediococcus acidilactici GKA4 on Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Mitigating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress and Regulating the MAPK, AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT Pathways. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142877. [PMID: 35889833 PMCID: PMC9323173 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) describes a sudden loss of kidney function and is associated with a high mortality. Pediococcus acidilactici is a potent producer of bacteriocin and inhibits the growth of pathogens during fermentation and food storage; it has been used in the food industry for many years. In this study, the potential of P. acidilactici GKA4 (GKA4) to ameliorate AKI was investigated using a cisplatin-induced animal model. First, mice were given oral GKA4 for ten days and intraperitoneally injected with cisplatin on the seventh day to create an AKI mode. GKA4 attenuated renal histopathological alterations, serum biomarkers, the levels of inflammatory mediators, and lipid oxidation in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Moreover, GKA4 significantly decreased the expression of inflammation-related proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in kidney tissues. Eventually, GKA4 also increased the levels of related antioxidant enzymes and pathways. Consistently, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) upregulated the level of autophagy-related proteins (LC3B, p62, and Beclin1). Further studies are needed to check our results and advance our knowledge of the mechanism whereby PI3K inhibition (wortmannin) reverses the effect of GKA4 on cisplatin-treated AKI. Taken together, GKA4 provides a therapeutic target with promising clinical potential after cisplatin treatment by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation via the MAPK, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/SIRT1/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsin Lin
- College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Chu Chen
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 330, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (L.-Y.L.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - Li-Ya Lee
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 330, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (L.-Y.L.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - You-Shan Tsai
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 330, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (L.-Y.L.); (Y.-S.T.)
| | - Liang-Hsuan Chien
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (Y.-N.C.)
| | - Ya-Ni Chou
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (Y.-N.C.)
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Healthy Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.D.); (G.-J.H.)
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (L.-H.C.); (Y.-N.C.)
- Department of Food Nutrition and Healthy Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-S.D.); (G.-J.H.)
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Domingo IK, Latif A, Bhavsar AP. Pro-Inflammatory Signalling PRRopels Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7227. [PMID: 35806229 PMCID: PMC9266867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic that has long since been effective against a variety of solid-cancers, substantially improving the five-year survival rates for cancer patients. Its use has also historically been limited by its adverse drug reactions, or cisplatin-induced toxicities (CITs). Of these reactions, cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN), cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity (CIO) are the three most common of several CITs recognised thus far. While the anti-cancer activity of cisplatin is well understood, the mechanisms driving its toxicities have only begun to be defined. Most of the literature pertains to damage caused by oxidative stress that occurs downstream of cisplatin treatment, but recent evidence suggests that the instigator of CIT development is inflammation. Cisplatin has been shown to induce pro-inflammatory signalling in CIN, CIPN, and CIO, all of which are associated with persisting markers of inflammation, particularly from the innate immune system. This review covered the hallmarks of inflammation common and distinct between different CITs, the role of innate immune components in development of CITs, as well as current treatments targeting pro-inflammatory signalling pathways to conserve the use of cisplatin in chemotherapy and improve long-term health outcomes of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amit P. Bhavsar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (I.K.D.); (A.L.)
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Naffouje SA, Goto M, Coward LU, Gorman GS, Christov K, Wang J, Green A, Shilkaitis A, Das Gupta TK, Yamada T. Nontoxic Tumor-Targeting Optical Agents for Intraoperative Breast Tumor Imaging. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7371-7379. [PMID: 35544687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Precise identification of the tumor margins during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) remains a challenge given the lack of visual discrepancy between malignant and surrounding normal tissues. Therefore, we developed a fluorescent imaging agent, ICG-p28, for intraoperative imaging guidance to better aid surgeons in achieving negative margins in BCS. Here, we determined the pharmacokinetics (PK), biodistribution, and preclinical toxicity of ICG-p28. The PK and biodistribution of ICG-p28 indicated rapid tissue uptake and localization at tumor lesions. There were no dose-related effect and no significant toxicity in any of the breast cancer and normal cell lines tested. Furthermore, ICG-p28 was evaluated in clinically relevant settings with transgenic mice that spontaneously developed invasive mammary tumors. Intraoperative imaging with ICG-p28 showed a significant reduction in the tumor recurrence rate. This simple, nontoxic, and cost-effective method can offer a new approach that enables surgeons to intraoperatively identify tumor margins and potentially improves overall outcomes by reducing recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer A Naffouje
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Masahide Goto
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Lori U Coward
- McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, Samford University, Birmingham, Alabama 35229, United States
| | - Gregory S Gorman
- McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, Samford University, Birmingham, Alabama 35229, United States
| | - Konstantin Christov
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of Illinois College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Urbana, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Albert Green
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Anne Shilkaitis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Tapas K Das Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Tohru Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,Richard & Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois College of Medicine and Engineering, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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20
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Ohta S, Asanoma M, Irie N, Tachibana N, Kohno M. Soy Phospholipids Exert a Renoprotective Effect by Inhibiting the Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathway in Macrophages. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040330. [PMID: 35448517 PMCID: PMC9031346 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Complications associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which involves kidney inflammation, are a major health problem. Soy protein isolate (SPI) reportedly inhibits CKD exacerbation; however, its detailed action mechanism remains obscure. Therefore, the role of the polar lipid component of SPI in suppressing inflammation was investigated. Zucker fatty rats were divided into three groups and fed a diet containing casein, SPI, or casein + SPI ethanol extract (SPIEE) for 16 weeks. The isoflavones and phospholipids of SPIEE were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects. Rats in the SPI and casein + SPIEE groups showed reduced levels of the urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and renal IL-1β mRNA (an inflammatory marker) compared with those in the casein group. In proximal tubular cells, genistein significantly inhibited monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression induced by an IL-1β stimulus. In macrophages, soybean phospholipids suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1β gene expression by inhibiting the phosphorylation of inhibitor κB and p65. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) was found to be essential for inhibition of IL-1β expression. SPIEE inhibited the exacerbation of kidney disease. Genistein and soybean phospholipids, especially soybean-specific phospholipids containing PI, effectively inhibited the inflammatory spiral in vitro. Hence, daily soybean intake may be effective for inhibiting chronic inflammation and slowing kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ohta
- Research Institute for Creating the Future, Fuji Oil Holdings Inc., 4-3 Kinunodai, Tsukubamirai-shi 300-2497, Ibaraki, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-297-52-6325
| | - Masashi Asanoma
- Soy Ingredients R&D Department, Fuji Oil Co., Ltd., 1 Sumiyoshicho, Izumisano-shi 598-8540, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Nao Irie
- Research Institute for Creating the Future, Fuji Oil Holdings Inc., 4-3 Kinunodai, Tsukubamirai-shi 300-2497, Ibaraki, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
| | - Nobuhiko Tachibana
- Research Institute for Creating the Future, Fuji Oil Holdings Inc., 4-3 Kinunodai, Tsukubamirai-shi 300-2497, Ibaraki, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
| | - Mitsutaka Kohno
- R&D Division Strategy Planning Department, Fuji Oil Co., Ltd., 1 Sumiyoshicho, Izumisano-shi 598-8540, Osaka, Japan;
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Ozdemir A, Tumkaya L, Kalcan S, Uyan M, Karakaya A, Demiral G, Celik Samanci T, Mercantepe T, Cumhur Cüre M, Cüre E. The effects of TNF-α inhibitors on carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity. Clin Exp Hypertens 2022; 44:291-296. [PMID: 34964416 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.2018600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), employed in various industrial fields, can cause acute damage in renal tissues. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of the TNF-alpha inhibitor Infliximab on TGF-ß and apoptosis caused by acute kidney image induced by CCl4. METHODS Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into control, CCl4, and CCl4+ Infliximab groups. The control group received an isotonic saline solution, and the CCl4 group 2 mL/kg CCl4 intraperitoneally (i.p). The CCl4+ Infliximab group was given 7 mg/kg Infliximab 24 hours after administration of 2 mL/kg CCl4. Kidney tissues were removed at the end of the experiment and subjected to histopathological and biochemical analysis. RESULTS The application of CCl4 led to tubular necrosis, inflammation, vascular congestion, and increased Serum BUN and creatinine values. An increase in caspase-3 activity also occurred in the CCl4 group. However, Infliximab exhibited an ameliorating effect on kidney injury by causing a decrease in the number of apoptotic cells. Tissue ADA and TGF-ß values of the CCL4 group were significantly higher than the values of the control group (p = .001, p < .001 respectively) and CCL4+ Inf group (p = .004, p = .015, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that Infliximab ameliorates nephrotoxicity by reducing lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in acute kidney damage developing in association with CCl4 administration. These findings are promising in terms of the ameliorating role of TNF-alpha inhibitors in acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ozdemir
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Kalcan
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mikail Uyan
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Karakaya
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Demiral
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tugba Celik Samanci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | | | - Erkan Cüre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ethica Incirli Hospital, İstanbul, Rize, Turkey
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Detam 1 black soybean against cisplatin-induced acute ren failure on rat model via antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antiapoptosis potential. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:426-435. [PMID: 35747350 PMCID: PMC9209860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Yilmaz H, Karakoc Y, Tumkaya L, Mercantepe T, Sevinc H, Yilmaz A, Yılmaz Rakıcı S. The protective effects of red ginseng and amifostine against renal damage caused by ionizing radiation. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221143029. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221143029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of amifostine (ethyol) (AM), a synthetic radioprotector, and red ginseng (RG), a natural radioprotective agent, against the toxic effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on kidney tissues through changes in biochemical and histopathological parameters in addition to contributions to the use of amifostine and RG in clinical studies . Five groups were established: Group I (control, receiving only saline by gavage), Group II (IR only), and Group III (IR+AM, 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.). Group IV (IR + RG, 200 mg/kg orally once a day for 4 weeks), and Group V (IR+RG+AM, 200 mg/kg orally once/day for 4 weeks before IR and 200 mg/kg AM administered (i.p.) 30 min before IR). All groups, except for the control group, were subject to 6-Gy whole-body IR in a single fraction. 24 h after irradiation, all animals were sacrificed under anesthesia. IR enhanced MDA, 8-OHdG, and caspase-3 expression while decreasing renal tissue GSH levels ( p < .05). Significant numbers of necrotic tubules together with diffuse vacuolization in proximal and distal tubule epithelial cells were also observed. The examination also revealed substantial brush boundary loss in proximal tubules as well as relatively unusual glomerular structures. While GSH levels significantly increased in the AM, RG, and AM+RG groups, a decrease in KHDS, MDA, 8-OHdG, and caspase-3 expression was observed, compared to the group subject to IR only ( p < .05). Therefore, reactive oxygen species-scavenging antioxidants may represent a promising treatment for avoiding kidney damage in patients receiving radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Yilmaz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yunus Karakoc
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize, Turkey
| | - Hacer Sevinc
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize, Turkey
| | - Sema Yılmaz Rakıcı
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Rize, Turkey
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Aladaileh SH, Al-Swailmi FK, Abukhalil MH, Ahmeda AF, Mahmoud AM. Punicalagin prevents cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in rats. Life Sci 2021; 286:120071. [PMID: 34688692 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is a major complication that limits the therapeutic application of cisplatin (CIS). Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in CIS-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and apoptotic cell death. Punicalagin (PUN), a polyphenol in pomegranate, possesses promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and its beneficial effect against CIS-induced AKI has not been fully elucidated. This investigation evaluated the protective effect of PUN against CIS-induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death. Rats received PUN (25 and 50 mg/kg) for 10 days and a single injection of CIS at day 7. The results showed increased serum urea and creatinine and several histopathological alterations in the kidney of CIS-intoxicated rats. Renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were increased, and reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase were declined in rats treated with CIS. PUN effectively ameliorated kidney function and attenuated tissue injury induced by CIS, decreased MDA and NO, and enhanced antioxidant defenses. Additionally, PUN downregulated NF-κB p65, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the kidney of rats that received CIS. Bax and caspase-3 were increased, and Bcl-2 was decreased in the kidney of CIS-intoxicated rats, an effect that was reversed by PUN. PUN upregulated Nrf2 expression in the kidney of CIS-intoxicated rats. In conclusion, PUN prevents CIS-induced AKI in rats by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis, and upregulating Nrf2 and antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem H Aladaileh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan
| | - Farhan K Al-Swailmi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad H Abukhalil
- Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan; Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordan
| | - Ahmad F Ahmeda
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
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Natural products: potential treatments for cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1951-1969. [PMID: 33750909 PMCID: PMC8633358 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a clinically advanced and highly effective anticancer drug used in the treatment of a wide variety of malignancies, such as head and neck, lung, testis, ovary, breast cancer, etc. However, it has only a limited use in clinical practice due to its severe adverse effects, particularly nephrotoxicity; 20%–35% of patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI) after cisplatin administration. The nephrotoxic effect of cisplatin is cumulative and dose dependent and often necessitates dose reduction or withdrawal. Recurrent episodes of AKI result in impaired renal tubular function and acute renal failure, chronic kidney disease, uremia, and hypertensive nephropathy. The pathophysiology of cisplatin-induced AKI involves proximal tubular injury, apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular injury in the kidneys. At present, there are no effective drugs or methods for cisplatin-induced kidney injury. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies show that numerous natural products (flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, polysaccharide, phenylpropanoids, etc.) have specific antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties that regulate the pathways associated with cisplatin-induced kidney damage. In this review we describe the molecular mechanisms of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and summarize recent findings in the field of natural products that undermine these mechanisms to protect against cisplatin-induced kidney damage and provide potential strategies for AKI treatment.
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Wei-Yun B, Cailin Z. Genistein ameliorates hyperuricemia-associated nephropathy in hyperuricemic mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.1996540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bi Wei-Yun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Skills Training Center, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Cailin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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Nazari-Khanamiri F, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of genistein in prevention and treatment of diseases: An overview. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13972. [PMID: 34664285 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is the simplest secondary metabolite in soybeans and belongs to a group of compounds called isoflavones. It is a phytoestrogen and it makes up more than 60% of soy isoflavones. Studies have shown the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic effects of genistein in addition to its modulatory effects on steroidal hormone receptors. In this review, we discuss the pharmacologic and therapeutic effects of genistein on various diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In this review, we have discussed the therapeutic effects of genistein as the main constituent of soybeans on health conditions. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and, anti-angiogenic effects need more attention. The pharmacological properties of genistein make this natural isoflavone a potential treatment for various diseases such as postmenopausal symptoms, cancer, bone, brain, and heart diseases. Special emphasis should be given to it, resulting in using it in clinical as a safe, potent, and bioactive molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Kurt-Bayrakdar S, Kose O, Altin A, Akyildiz K, Mercantepe T, Bostan SA, Kose TE, Tumkaya L, Yilmaz A. Periodontitis exacerbates the renal degenerative effects of obesity in rats. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:1058-1069. [PMID: 34328646 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Obesity and periodontitis are systemic subclinical inflammatory diseases with established negative renal effects. The aim of this animal study was to thoroughly investigate the possible effects of these two diseases on renal structure and function. METHODS Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control (C), obesity (Ob), experimental periodontitis (Ep), and Ob + Ep. The first 16 weeks of the experiment were aimed for the induction of obesity and the last 5 weeks for the induction of periodontitis. Throughout the experimental period, the C and Ep groups were fed standard rat chow, while the Ob groups (Ob and Ob + Ep) were fed high-fat rat chow. Right after the establishment of obesity, periodontal tissue destruction was achieved by placing 3.0 silk sutures in sub-paramarginal position around the cervices of mandibular right-left first molar teeth and preserving them for 5 weeks. On the last day of the 22nd week, following blood collection, all rats were euthanized, and kidneys and mandibles were collected. Alveolar bone loss was measured on microcomputed tomographic slices. Histopathological evaluations (light microscopy, semi-quantitative analysis of renal corpuscle area, and immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-3 activity) were done on right kidneys and biochemical evaluations (malonyl-aldehyde [MDA], glutathione [GSH], total oxidant status [TOS], total antioxidant status [TAS], oxidative stress [OSI], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-1β [IL-1β], matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-8, MMP-9, and cathepsin D [CtD] levels) were done on left kidneys. Renal functional status was evaluated with levels of serum creatinine, urea, and cystatin C. RESULTS Periodontal bone loss was significantly higher in the Ep and Ob + Ep groups, compared with the C and Ob groups (p < .05). All parameters except TAS and GSH were highest in the Ob + Ep group, and the differences were statistically significant compared with the control group (p < .05). Although the mean TAS and GSH levels were lower in the Ob + Ep group than the other groups, the differences were not statistically significant (p > .05). While the atypical glomeruli score was significantly higher in the Ob + Ep group than in all other groups (p < .05), the acute tubular necrosis and histopathological scores were significantly different only compared with the control group (p < .05). CONCLUSION This experimental study showed that the negative effects of the co-existence of periodontitis and obesity on inflammatory stress and apoptotic changes in the kidneys together with the functional parameters were significantly more severe, compared with the presence of one of these diseases alone. TNF-α could have a central role in the periodontitis and obesity-related structural and functional renal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Kurt-Bayrakdar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Kose
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altin
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Kerimali Akyildiz
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, School of Health Care Services Vocational, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Semih Alperen Bostan
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Taha Emre Kose
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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Yang Q, Zang HM, Xing T, Zhang SF, Li C, Zhang Y, Dong YH, Hu XW, Yu JT, Wen JG, Jin J, Li J, Zhao R, Ma TT, Meng XM. Gypenoside XLIX protects against acute kidney injury by suppressing IGFBP7/IGF1R-mediated programmed cell death and inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153541. [PMID: 33773190 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI), characterised by excessive inflammatory cell recruitment and programmed cell death, has a high morbidity and mortality; however, effective and specific therapies for AKI are still lacking. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the renoprotective effects of gypenoside XLIX (Gyp XLIX) in AKI. METHODS The protective effects of Gyp XLIX were tested in two AKI mouse models established using male C57BL/6 mice (aged 6-8 weeks) by a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg) or renal ischemia-reperfusion for 40 min. Gyp XLIX was administered intraperitoneally before cisplatin administration or renal ischemia-reperfusion. Renal function, tubular injury, renal inflammation and programmed cell death were evaluated. In addition, the renoprotective effects of Gyp XLIX were also evaluated in cisplatin- or hypoxia-treated tubular epithelial cells. The mechanisms underlying these effects were then explored using RNA sequencing. RESULTS In vivo, Gyp XLIX substantially suppressed the increase in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Moreover, tubular damage was alleviated by Gyp XLIX as shown by periodic acid-Schiff staining, electron microscopy and molecular analysis of KIM-1. Consistently, we found that Gyp XLIX suppressed renal necroptosis though the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway. The anti-inflammatory and antinecroptotic effects were further confirmed in vitro. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing showed that Gyp XLIX markedly suppressed the levels of IGF binding protein 7 (IGFBP7). Co-immunoprecipitation and western blot analysis further showed that Gyp XLIX reduced the binding of IGFBP7 to IGF1 receptor (IGF1R). Additionally, picropodophyllin, an inhibitor of IGF1R, abrogated the therapeutic effects of Gyp XLIX on cisplatin-induced renal cell injury; this finding indicated that Gyp XLIX may function by activating IGF1R-mediated downstream signalling Additionally, we also detected the metabolic distribution of Gyp XLIX after injection; Gyp XLIX had a high concentration in the kidney and exhibited a long retention time. These findings may shed light on the application of Gyp XLIX for AKI treatment clinically. CONCLUSION Gyp XLIX may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for AKI treatment via IGFBP7/ IGF1R-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tian Xing
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shao-Fei Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China; School of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, 100 Dongshan Road, Huaibei 235000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chao Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu-Hang Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ju-Tao Yu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Tao-Tao Ma
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Hemsinli D, Tumkaya L, Ergene S, Karakisi SO, Mercantepe T, Çınar S, Yilmaz A. Resveratrol prevents acute renal injury in a model of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:555-565. [PMID: 32938235 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120958039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the biochemical and histopathological effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) model in rats, and to investigate the potential protective role of resveratrol. METHODS Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups-control, I/R, sham (I/R + solvent/dimethyl sulfoxide), and I/R + resveratrol. The control group underwent midline laparotomy only. In the other groups, infrarenal vascular clamps were attached following 60-min shock to the abdominal aorta. Ischemia was applied for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. In the I/R + resveratrol group, intraperitoneal 10 mg/kg resveratrol was administered 15 min prior to ischemia and immediately before reperfusion. The I/R + dimethyl sulfoxide group received dimethyl sulfoxide, and the I/R group was given saline solution. All animals were sacrificed by exsanguination from the carotid artery at the end of the experiment. In addition to histopathological examination of the rat kidney tissues, malondialdehyde, glutathione, catalase, and nitric oxide levels were also investigated. RESULTS A decrease in glutathione, catalase and nitric oxide levels, together with increases in malondialdehyde levels, numbers of apoptotic renal tubular cells, caspase-3 levels, and tubular necrosis scores, were observed in the IR and I/R + dimethyl sulfoxide groups. In contrast, resveratrol increased glutathione, catalase and nitric oxide levels in renal tissues exposed to I/R, while reducing malondialdehyde levels, apoptotic renal tubular cell numbers, caspase-3 levels, and tubular necrosis scores. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that resveratrol can be effective against I/R-related acute kidney damage developing during RAAA surgery by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hemsinli
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - L Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - S Ergene
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - S O Karakisi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - T Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - S Çınar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - A Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 175650Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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CYP1B1 as a therapeutic target in cardio-oncology. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2897-2927. [PMID: 33185690 PMCID: PMC7672255 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications have been frequently reported in cancer patients and survivors, mainly because of various cardiotoxic cancer treatments. Despite the known cardiovascular toxic effects of these treatments, they are still clinically used because of their effectiveness as anti-cancer agents. In this review, we discuss the growing body of evidence suggesting that inhibition of the cytochrome P450 1B1 enzyme (CYP1B1) can be a promising therapeutic strategy that has the potential to prevent cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications without reducing their anti-cancer effects. CYP1B1 is an extrahepatic enzyme that is expressed in cardiovascular tissues and overexpressed in different types of cancers. A growing body of evidence is demonstrating a detrimental role of CYP1B1 in both cardiovascular diseases and cancer, via perturbed metabolism of endogenous compounds, production of carcinogenic metabolites, DNA adduct formation, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to induce CYP1B1 in cardiovascular and cancer cells, possibly via activating the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), ROS generation, and inflammatory cytokines. Induction of CYP1B1 is detrimental in many ways. First, it can induce or exacerbate cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications. Second, it may lead to significant chemo/radio-resistance, undermining both the safety and effectiveness of cancer treatments. Therefore, numerous preclinical studies demonstrate that inhibition of CYP1B1 protects against chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and prevents chemo- and radio-resistance. Most of these studies have utilized phytochemicals to inhibit CYP1B1. Since phytochemicals have multiple targets, future studies are needed to discern the specific contribution of CYP1B1 to the cardioprotective and chemo/radio-sensitizing effects of these phytochemicals.
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Jha AK, Gairola S, Kundu S, Doye P, Syed AM, Ram C, Murty US, Naidu VGM, Sahu BD. Toll-like receptor 4: An attractive therapeutic target for acute kidney injury. Life Sci 2021; 271:119155. [PMID: 33548286 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a progressive renal complication which significantly affects the patient's life with huge economic burden. Untreated acute kidney injury eventually progresses to a chronic form and end-stage renal disease. Although significant breakthroughs have been made in recent years, there are still no effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of acute kidney injury. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a well-characterized pattern recognition receptor, and increasing evidence has shown that TLR4 mediated inflammatory response plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury. The expression of TLR4 has been seen in resident renal cells, including podocytes, mesangial cells, tubular epithelial cells and endothelial cells. Activation of TLR4 signaling regulates the transcription of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, resulting in renal inflammation. Therefore, targeting TLR4 and its downstream effectors could serve as an effective therapeutic intervention to prevent renal inflammation and subsequent kidney damage. For the first time, this review summarizes the literature on acute kidney injury from the perspective of TLR4 from year 2010 to 2020. In the current review, the role of TLR4 signaling pathway in AKI with preclinical evidence is discussed. Furthermore, we have highlighted several compounds of natural and synthetic origin, which have the potential to avert the renal TLR4 signaling in preclinical AKI models and have shown protection against AKI. This scientific review provides new ideas for targeting TLR4 in the treatment of AKI and provides strategies for the drug development against AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Kumar Jha
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Shobhit Gairola
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Pakpi Doye
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Abu Mohammad Syed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Chetan Ram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - V G M Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari PIN-781101, Assam, India.
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Liu YQ, Wang XL, He DH, Cheng YX. Protection against chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced side effects: A review based on the mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities of phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 80:153402. [PMID: 33203590 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although great achievements have been made in the field of cancer therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the mainstay cancer therapeutic modalities. However, they are associated with various side effects, including cardiocytotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, mucositis, and alopecia, which severely affect the quality of life of cancer patients. Plants harbor a great chemical diversity and flexible biological properties that are well-compatible with their use as adjuvant therapy in reducing the side effects of cancer therapy. PURPOSE This review aimed to comprehensively summarize the molecular mechanisms by which phytochemicals ameliorate the side effects of cancer therapies and their potential clinical applications. METHODS We obtained information from PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google scholar, and introduced the molecular mechanisms by which chemotherapeutic drugs and irradiation induce toxic side effects. Accordingly, we summarized the underlying mechanisms of representative phytochemicals in reducing these side effects. RESULTS Representative phytochemicals exhibit a great potential in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to their broad range of biological activities, including antioxidation, antimutagenesis, anti-inflammation, myeloprotection, and immunomodulation. However, since a majority of the phytochemicals have only been subjected to preclinical studies, clinical trials are imperative to comprehensively evaluate their therapeutic values. CONCLUSION This review highlights that phytochemicals have interesting properties in relieving the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Future studies are required to explore the clinical benefits of these phytochemicals for exploitation in chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiao-Lu Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan-Hua He
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resources Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong-Xian Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Kose O, Kurt Bayrakdar S, Unver B, Altin A, Akyildiz K, Mercantepe T, Bostan SA, Arabaci T, Turker Sener L, Emre Kose T, Tumkaya L, Yilmaz A, Kuluslu G. Melatonin improves periodontitis-induced kidney damage by decreasing inflammatory stress and apoptosis in rats. J Periodontol 2020; 92:22-34. [PMID: 33251634 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two main aims of this animal study were to inspect the possible effects of periodontitis on the structure and functions of the kidneys and the therapeutic effectiveness of melatonin. METHODS Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, experimental periodontitis (Ep), and Ep-melatonin (Ep-Mel). Periodontitis was induced by placing 3.0-silk sutures sub-paramarginally around the cervix of right-left mandibular first molars and maintaining the sutures for 5 weeks. Then melatonin (10 mg/kg body weight/day, 14 days), and the vehicle was administered intraperitonally. Mandibular and kidney tissue samples were obtained following the euthanasia. Periodontal bone loss was measured via histological and microcomputed tomographic slices. On right kidney histopathological and immunohistochemical, and on the left kidney biochemical (malonyl-aldehyde [MDA], glutathione, oxidative stress [OSI], tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-8, MMP-9, and cathepsin D levels) evaluations were performed. Renal functional status was analyzed by levels of serum creatinine, urea, cystatin-C, and urea creatinine. RESULTS Melatonin significantly restricted ligature-induced periodontal bone loss (P <0 .01) and suppressed the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), oxidative stress (MDA and OSI), and proteases (MMP-8, MMP-9, and CtD) that was significantly higher in the kidneys of the rats with periodontitis (P <0.05). In addition, periodontitis-related histological damages and apoptotic activity were also significantly lower in the Ep-Mel group (P <0.05). However, the markers of renal function of the Ep group were detected slightly impaired in comparison with the control group (P >0.05); and the therapeutic activity of melatonin was limited (P >0.05). CONCLUSION Melatonin restricts the periodontitis-induced inflammatory stress, apoptosis, and structural but not functional impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oğuz Kose
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sevda Kurt Bayrakdar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Büsra Unver
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altin
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Kerimali Akyildiz
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, School of Healh Care Services Vocational, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Semih Alperen Bostan
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Taner Arabaci
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Leyla Turker Sener
- Department of Biophysics School of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Taha Emre Kose
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Göker Kuluslu
- 3D Medical and Industrial Design Laboratory, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ning Y, Chen J, Shi Y, Song N, Yu X, Fang Y, Ding X. Genistein Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis Through Regulation Snail via m6A RNA Demethylase ALKBH5. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:579265. [PMID: 33364952 PMCID: PMC7751752 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.579265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubule-interstitial fibrosis is related to chronic kidney disease progression and a typical feature of the aging kidney. Epigenetic modifications of fibrosis-prone genes regulate the development of renal fibrosis. As a kind of “epigenetic diet”, soy isoflavone genistein was reported to have renal protective action and epigenetic-modulating effects. However, its renal protection role and underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully clarified. Herein, we showed that genistein exhibits a demonstrable anti-fibrotic effect on kidney in vivo UUO (unilateral ureteral occlusion) model and renal epithelial cells in vitro model. The mechanism is strongly associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and m6A RNA demethylase ALKBH5. Mouse fibrotic kidneys induced by UUO exhibited adverse expression of renal fibrosis-related proteins and significant increases in the total m6A level. As an eraser, ALKBH5 showed severer suppression in the renal fibrosis process. However, genistein pretreatment restored ALKBH5 loss remarkably and reduced renal fibrosis, abnormal protein, and inflammatory markers. The examination of possible mechanisms revealed that genistein promoted ALKBH5 and maybe induced the level of mRNA m6A methylation in some epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-related transcription factors. We found snail was the critical regulator and critical for the protective role of genistein. To verify the relationship between ALKBH5 and snail, we generated knockdown and overexpression of ALKBH5 cells in vitro. ALKBH5 knockdown enhanced the mesenchymal phenotype marker α-smooth muscle actin and snail expression. In agreement, overexpression ALKBH5 increased epithelial adhesion molecule E-cadherin and reduced snail expression. In conclusion, genistein increased renal ALKBH5 expression in UUO-induced renal fibrosis and reduced RNA m6A levels and ameliorates renal damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Ning
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqin Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Nana Song
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Ergene Ş, Hemşinli D, Karakişi SO, Mercantepe T, Tumkaya L, Yilmaz A. The Role of Vaccinium Myrtillus in the Prevention of Renal Injury in an Experimental Model of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 35:490-497. [PMID: 32864929 PMCID: PMC7454617 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2019-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the biochemical and histopathological renal effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury using a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) model in rats and to investigate the potential protective effects of whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus). Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups - control, sham (I/R+glycerol), I/R, and I/R+whortleberry. Midline laparotomy alone was performed in the control group. Atraumatic abdominal clamps were attached under anesthesia to the abdominal aorta beneath the level of the renal artery in the groups subjected to I/R. Sixty-minute reperfusion was established one hour after ischemia. The sham group received five intraperitoneal doses of glycerol five days before I/R. The I/R+whortleberry group received a single intraperitoneal 50 mg/kg dose diluted with saline solution five days before I/R. All animals were finally euthanized by cervical dislocation following 60-min reperfusion. Results Increases were observed in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and tubular necrosis scores (TNS) in thin kidney tissues and in numbers of apoptotic renal tubule cells, together with a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels, in sham and I/R groups. In contrast, we observed a decrease in MDA levels, TNS, and numbers of apoptotic renal tubule cells, and an increase in GSH levels with whortleberry treatment compared to the I/R group. Conclusion Our findings suggest that whortleberry may be effective against acute kidney injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şaban Ergene
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Doğuş Hemşinli
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sedat Ozan Karakişi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
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Wang W, Li Z, Chen Y, Wu H, Zhang S, Chen X. Prediction Value of Serum NGAL in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Experimental Acute and Chronic Kidney Injuries. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070981. [PMID: 32630021 PMCID: PMC7407226 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensitive and accurate serum biomarkers for monitoring acute and chronic kidney disease progression are more convenient and can better evaluate drug efficiency in pharmacological research. Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is considered a hopeful early biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI), but its utility in early prediction and prognosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and immune-mediated glomerulonephritis is still not clear. Moreover, detailed prognosis studies of NGAL in AKI are lacking, and most studies use a urine source. In the current study, through two experimental AKI and two chronic kidney injury animal models, serum NGAL (sNGAL) prediction values on diagnosis and prognosis of kidney injuries in animal disease models have been investigated thoroughly. Four experimental kidney disease models include cisplatin-induced and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI, streptozocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN), and cationized-bovine serum albumin (c-BSA)-induced membranous nephropathy (MN), respectively. The sNGAL concentration was measured at different stages of kidney injury (KI) in each experimental model, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to investigate the diagnosis efficiency of sNGAL for KI. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the protein levels in the kidneys, and pathological analysis was used as the gold standard to confirm KI. Results suggest that sNGAL can predict early diagnosis of cisplatin-induced AKI accurately but is less powerful in later stages compared to blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr). sNGAL is sensitive but lacks specificity to evaluate early kidney injury for LPS-induced AKI under low-dosage LPS challenge. sNGAL is not an efficient biomarker for early diagnosis of STZ-induced DN, but sNGAL is an efficient predictor for the early diagnosis and prognosis of immune-mediated MN. In conclusion, application of sNGAL as a kidney injury biomarker to determine the diagnosis and prognosis in pharmacological studies is dependent on experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sen Zhang
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-15201539761 (S.Z.); +86-1063165207 (X.C.)
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-15201539761 (S.Z.); +86-1063165207 (X.C.)
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Gholampour F, Mohammadi Z, Karimi Z, Owji SM. Protective effect of genistein in a rat model of ischemic acute kidney injury. Gene 2020; 753:144789. [PMID: 32442578 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study determined the possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant renal protective effect of genistein, a soy isoflavone, against kidney damage and functional disorders following renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were dedicated to five groups (n = 7 per group): Sham, Sham + Geni (genistein, 15 mg/kg in 1 ml 1% DMSO, i.p.), Sham + DMSO (1 ml 1% DMSO, i.p.), I/R (bilateral renal ischemia for 45 min followed by 24 h reperfusion), I/R + Geni (genistein, 15 mg/kg). 24-h urine samples, blood and tissue samples of the kidney were collected at the end of 24 h reperfusion period. RESULTS Compared to sham, sham + Geni and sham + DMSO groups, IR injury (IRI) ended in kidney dysfunction (decreased creatinine clearance, and increased fractional excretion of sodium), increased levels of malondialdehyde, decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, gluthatione peroxidase, and catalase), increased gene expression levels of TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), as well as histological damages in kidney tissue. Genistein administration decreased all the changes. Therefore, genistein apparently protects the kidney against IRI by mitigating both oxidative stress and inflammation. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of genistein probably exert important roles in improving functional disorders and offer renal protection against IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Karimi
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Owji
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Li Z, Song Y, Yuan P, Guo W, Hu X, Xing W, Ao L, Tan Y, Wu X, Ao X, He X, Jiang D, Liang H, Xu X. Antibacterial Fusion Protein BPI21/LL-37 Modification Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of hUC-MSCs in Sepsis. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1806-1817. [PMID: 32445625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, which is characterized by multiple organ dysfunctions as a result of an unbalanced host-inflammatory response to pathogens, is potentially a life-threatening condition and a major cause of death in the intensive care units (ICUs). However, effective treatment or intervention to prevent sepsis-associated lethality is still lacking. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation has been shown to have potent immunomodulatory properties and improve tissue repair yet lacks direct antibacterial and endotoxin clearance activities. In this study, we engineered hUC-MSCs to express a broad-spectrum antibacterial fusion peptide containing BPI21 and LL-37 (named BPI21/LL-37) and confirmed that the BPI21/LL-37 modification did not affect the stemness and immunoregulatory capacities of hUC-MSCs but remarkably, enhanced its antibacterial and toxin-neutralizing activities in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that administration of BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs significantly reduces serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6, whereas increases that of IL-10 in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse model. Administration of BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs significantly reduced systemic endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) levels and organ bacterial load, ameliorated damage to multiple organs, and improved survival. Taken together, our study demonstrates that BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs might offer a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat sepsis via enhanced antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties to preserve organ functions better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Li
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Yuqing Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Peisong Yuan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xueting Hu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Luoquan Ao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Dongpo Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
| | - Huaping Liang
- Department of Wound Infection and Drug, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
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Jheng HF, Hayashi K, Matsumura Y, Kawada T, Seno S, Matsuda H, Inoue K, Nomura W, Takahashi H, Goto T. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Properties of Isoflavones Provide Renal Protective Effects Distinct from Those of Dietary Soy Proteins against Diabetic Nephropathy. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000015. [PMID: 32281228 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Dietary soy reportedly protects from diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its active components and mechanism of action remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, KKAy mice are fed three types of diet: Dietary soy isoflavones with soy protein (Soy-IP) diet, reduced isoflavones soy protein (RisoP), and oral administration of isoflavones aglycones (IsoAgc). Albuminuria and glycosuria are decreased only in the soy-IP group. The risoP group show reduced expansion of mesangial matrix and renal fibrosis, the IsoAgc group show renal anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects; however, these renal pathological changes are repressed in the soy-IP group, suggesting the distinct protective roles of soy protein or isoflavones in DN. The isoflavone genistein has a better inhibitory effect on the inflammatory response and cellular interactions in both mouse tubular cells and macrophages when exposed to high glucose and albumin (HGA). Genistein also represses HGA-induced activator protein 1 activation and reactive oxidases stress generation, accompanied by reduced NADPH oxidase (NOX) gene expression. Finally, diabetic mice show a decrease in lipid peroxidation levels in both plasma and urine, along with lower NOXs gene expression. CONCLUSION The data elucidate the detailed mechanism by which isoflavones inhibit renal inflammation and provide a potential practical adjunct therapy to restrict DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Fen Jheng
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuki Matsumura
- Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Laboratory of Quality Analysis and Assessment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Teruo Kawada
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideo Matsuda
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuo Inoue
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Wataru Nomura
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Haruya Takahashi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
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Wang Z, Sun W, Sun X, Wang Y, Zhou M. Kaempferol ameliorates Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via ERK and NF-κB pathways. AMB Express 2020; 10:58. [PMID: 32219583 PMCID: PMC7098399 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-00993-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anticancer drug like Cisplatin are associated with serious problem like nephrotoxicity. The effect of Kaempferol is a plant-derived flavonoid compound. The present work evaluated the effect of Kaempferol in mouse model of Cisplatin mediated nephrotoxicity also the involved mechanism. Oxidative stress, kidney function, histology, inflammation, apoptosis, level of proteins, Nrf2 translocation and its effect on cascades such as NF-κB and ERK were studied. It was observed that the pre-treatment of KPF reduced the Cisplatin mediated oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and ameliorated renal injury and its functioning. Kaempferol suppressed the Cisplatin induced infiltration of mononuclear cells, levels of TNF-α, iNOS, IL-12, activation of NF-κB, phosphorylation of IκBα and nuclear translocation of p65 in renal tissues. Also KPF attenuated Cisplatin mediated phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK in renal tissues. KPF also corrected the levels of renal antioxidants and elevated the nuclear levels of HO-1 and Nrf2 in renal tissues. KPF attenuated the Cisplatin mediated apoptosis via down-regulating the levels of TP53, Bax/Bcl2 imbalance, activating caspase-3/9 and PARP. The outcomes conclude that KPF ameliorates Cisplatin-mediated nephrotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via ERK and NF-κB pathway.
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Salahshoor MR, Jalili C, Rashidi I, Roshankhah S, Jalili F. Protective Effect of Genistein on the Morphine-Induced Kidney Disorders in Male Mice. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/7874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fan X, Wei W, Huang J, Liu X, Ci X. Isoorientin Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Through the Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via Activating the SIRT1/SIRT6/Nrf-2 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:264. [PMID: 32256355 PMCID: PMC7093647 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for various solid tumors, but its severe side effects, particularly nephrotoxicity, limit its clinical application. Isoorientin (Iso) is a flavonoid-like compound known to have antioxidant effects. As oxidative injury plays a vital role in CDDP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), the effect of Iso on CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity has not yet been researched. We assessed the effects of Iso against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro using mTEC cells and further explored the mechanisms underlying CDDP-induced renal dysfunction in vivo in WT and Nrf2-/- mice. The results showed that Iso treatment significantly reduced CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity via attenuating cell damage in vitro and via ameliorating renal injury, as determined by biochemical markers, in mice. The molecular mechanism underlying this protection was also investigated. Iso up-regulated the expression levels of SIRT1 and SIRT6 in vivo and in vitro. In addition, Iso activated Nrf2 translocation and the expression levels of its downstream antioxidant enzymes, such as HO-1 and NQO1, whereas it inhibited the expression level of NOX4, thus decreasing oxidative stress. Notably, the protective effects of Iso observed in WT mice were completely abolished in Nrf2-/- mice. Collectively, these data indicate that the protective effect of Iso on CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity by SIRT1- and SIRT6-mediated Nrf2 activation regulates oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. The absence of Nrf2 exacerbates CDDP-induced renal damage, and the pharmacological activation of Nrf2 may represent a novel therapy to prevent kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Fan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingbo Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xingkai Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Sadeghi H, Mansourian M, Panahi Kokhdan E, Salehpour Z, Sadati I, Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi K, Asfaram A, Doustimotlagh AH. Antioxidant and protective effect of Stachys pilifera Benth against nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13190. [PMID: 32155675 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of current study was to assess the antioxidant and renoprotective effects of Stachys pilifera Benth (S.P.B.) hydroalcoholic extract on nephrotoxicity induced with cisplatin (CP). Adult rats with bodyweight of 180-220 g were divided into five groups (n = 7) treated as follows: group 1, control; group 2, CP; group 3, pretreatment with S.P.B. before CP; group 4, posttreatment with S.P.B. after CP; and, group 5, S.P.B. extract. A single dose of CP (7 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected on the fifth day and hydroalcoholic extract of S.P.B. (500 mg kg-1 day-1 ) was orally administered. The levels of oxidative stress markers, biochemical tests, and histopathological staining were assayed in serum and renal tissue. Also, the chemical composition of S.P.B. extract was determined by GC-MS analysis. The main compositions of S.P.B. extract identified by GC-MS analysis, were hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraen-1-ol, 3,7,11,16-tetramethyl (24.77%), thymol (14.1%), and linolenic acid (13.4%). In groups treated and pretreated with S.P.B., blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide metabolite in serum as well as malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl content of kidney tissues were significantly decreased in comparison to CP group; in contrast, total thiol group showed a significant increase in treated group as compared to CP group. Furthermore, histological investigation indicated that treatment with S.P.B. improved renal damages induced by CP. The current study showed that S.P.B. hydroalcoholic extract improved the biochemical parameters and kidney function as well as restored antioxidant activity in CP-induced nephrotoxicity. However, it needs more investigations to define the mechanism of S.P.B. action. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In different regions of Iran, Stachys is demonstrated by 34 species, out of which 13 are endemic, one of these endemic species is Stachys pilifera Benth (S.P.B.). The oil of S.P.B. is mainly consisted of cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, cis-chrysanthenol, spathulenol, β-caryophyllene, linalool, and terpinen-4-ol. Moreover, phytochemical studies have shown the presence of compounds such as diterpenes, phenylethanoid glycosides, saponins, terpenoides, and flavonoids in Stachys species. The aerial parts of S.P.B. are consumed as herbal tea to treat several disorders, for example, infections, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis in Iranian folk medicine. The aim of current study was to evaluate the antioxidant and protective effects of S.P.B. hydroalcoholic extract on nephrotoxicity induced with cisplatin (CP). The current study showed that S.P.B. hydroalcoholic extract improved the biochemical parameters and kidney function as well as restored antioxidant activity in CP-induced nephrotoxicity. However, it needs more researches to define the mechanism of S.P.B. action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Sadeghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Mansourian
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Salehpour
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Iman Sadati
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Arash Asfaram
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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Gan M, Shen L, Wang S, Guo Z, Zheng T, Tan Y, Fan Y, Liu L, Chen L, Jiang A, Li X, Zhang S, Zhu L. Genistein inhibits high fat diet-induced obesity through miR-222 by targeting BTG2 and adipor1. Food Funct 2020; 11:2418-2426. [PMID: 32129363 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00861f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes mellitus have become major health problems worldwide. In recent years, genistein has been found to be capable of inhibiting obesity and alleviating insulin resistance. However, the molecular mechanism of genistein against obesity is still not fully understood. In this study, we used 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and obese mice as models to explore the molecular mechanism of genistein against obesity. We found that genistein can inhibit obesity and downregulate the expression of miR-222 in mouse adipose tissue. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, treatment with miR-222 inhibitor or genistein reduced the expression of miR-222 and promoted lipid decomposition, while miR-222 treatment increased the expression of miR-222 and inhibited lipolysis. Moreover, the dual-luciferase reporter assay system confirmed that BTG2 and adipor1 are the target genes of miR-222. Experiments conducted in vitro and in vivo suggest that genistein may regulate lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue of obese mice by regulating the expression of miR-222 and its target genes, BTG2 and adipor1. Our findings provide a new epigenetic mechanism underpinning the ability of genistein to resist obesity. These results may provide a reference point for the dietary treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Prša P, Karademir B, Biçim G, Mahmoud H, Dahan I, Yalçın AS, Mahajna J, Milisav I. The potential use of natural products to negate hepatic, renal and neuronal toxicity induced by cancer therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 173:113551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Jin F, Chen X, Yan H, Xu Z, Yang B, Luo P, He Q. Bisdemethoxycurcumin attenuates cisplatin-induced renal injury through anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 874:173026. [PMID: 32088177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug that is first-line therapy for a variety of tumors. Unfortunately, its adverse effects on various normal tissues and organs, especially nephrotoxicity, threaten the life of patients. Although the mechanism of cisplatin nephrotoxicity has been confirmed to be related to oxidative stress, apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and inflammatory response, there is no effective prevention strategy in the clinic. Here, we found that bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a natural compound, can significantly attenuates cisplatin-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro at the concentration of 5-20 μM and has a significant protective effect on cisplatin-induced kidney injury in mice at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Mechanistically, BDMC attenuates cisplatin-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting cisplatin-induced up-regulation of p53. Meanwhile, BDMC counteracts oxidative stress by inhibiting cisplatin-induced down-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). BDMC also significantly reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) proteins, as well as the expression and translocation of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB p65) into the nucleus, all of which were increased in the kidney by cisplatin treatment. Collectively, BDMC might be an effective prevention strategy which could against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, and our research may shed a new light on treatment of drug toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuquan Jin
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Tomar A, Kaushik S, Khan SI, Bisht K, Nag TC, Arya DS, Bhatia J. The dietary isoflavone daidzein mitigates oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in CDDP-induced kidney injury in rats: Impact of the MAPK signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 34:e22431. [PMID: 31833131 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity persists as a clinical problem despite several supportive measures to alleviate renal damage. Daidzein (DZ), a dietary isoflavone having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, is investigated in this study for protective effects against cisplatin-induced renal injury in rats. DZ (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg; intraperitoneally; 10 days) was administered along with Cisplatin, single dose, on the 7th day of the experiment. On the 11th day, the rats were euthanized, and different samples were collected for analysis. Biochemical, histopathological, and molecular parameters were assessed to evaluate the effect of daidzein. Cisplatin injection resulted in renal dysfunction, lipid peroxidation that led to consumption of antioxidants, exaggerated apoptosis, and inflammation. These changes were associated with increase in the signaling proteins. DZ attenuated the toxic effects of cisplatin on the kidney at 100 mg/kg dose. The study concludes with the finding that daidzein imparts protection against the nephrotoxic effect of Cisplatin and can be considered as a novel, potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameesha Tomar
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Kaushik
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Irfan Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushboo Bisht
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas Chandra Nag
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Protects Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through the PTEN/AKT Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7629396. [PMID: 31781349 PMCID: PMC6874963 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7629396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although cisplatin (Cis) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent in treatment of various cancers, its adverse effect of nephrotoxicity limits the clinical application. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a strategy to induce resistance in a target organ against the oxidative stress and injury by applying transient, brief episodes of ischemia. However, whether RIPC exerts protective effect on Cis-induced renal injury remains unclear. In this study, we showed that RIPC significantly alleviated the renal functional and histopathological damage of Cis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) mice. Furthermore, RIPC substantially reversed the downregulation of miR-144 and upregulation of PTEN in renal tissues of Cis-induced AKI mice and alleviated tubular cell apoptosis via activating PTEN/AKT signaling. In mechanism, we demonstrated that miR-144 directly targets the 3′-UTR of PTEN mRNA, and then the elevation of miR-144 in RIPC activates PTEN/AKT signaling by downregulating PTEN expression to achieve its antiapoptosis effect. Collectively, our results indicate that RIPC may be a potential therapeutic strategy in Cis-induced AKI, and provide insights on the underlying molecular mechanisms of cisplatin's nephrotoxicity.
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Raman spectroscopy: A novel experimental approach to evaluating cisplatin induced tissue damage. Talanta 2019; 207:120343. [PMID: 31594623 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to clarify the effect of curcumin and beta-carotene on cisplatin-induced tissue damage and to demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopy to detect tissue changes consistent with liver and kidney histopathology as a potential diagnostic adjunct. İn the study, 56 Wistar albino female rats were used and randomly divided into 7 groups (n:8). Sham group received only sesame oil; Cisplatin group, received a single dose injection of cisplatin; Beta-carotene group, treated with beta-carotene orally; Cisplatin + Beta-carotene group, pretreated with beta-carotene 30 min prior to the cisplatin injection, then received cisplatin; Curcumin group, orally treated with curcumin; Cisplatin + Curcumin group, pretreated with curcumin 30min prior to the cisplatin injection, then received cisplatin. The second application was performed 1 week after the first application. One of the liver and kidney tissues was taken to 10% form for histopathological examinations and the others were taken to -80 °C for raman spectroscopy. Received sections were hematoxylin-eosin stained. The avidin-biotin peroxidase method was used for to investigate anti-TNF-α and IL1-β activities. TUNEL method was applied to determine apoptotic cells. According to our histopathological findings, beta-carotene and especially curcumin have been found to possess hepatorenal protective activities. These datas were supported by the microscopic damage scores. Although some of these findings were observed in both the cisplatin + curcumin and cisplatin + beta-carotene groups, the incidence and severity of histopathological lesions were less than the cisplatin group. Both immunohistochemical studies and Raman spectroscopy results consistent with histopathological examination of hematoxylen-eosin stained sections. Raman spectroscopy represents a suitable tool to provide insights into structural factors involved in the mechanisms underlying antitumor effects of platinum drug.
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