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Cai A, Shen J, Yang X, Shao X, Gu L, Mou S, Che X. Dapagliflozin alleviates renal inflammation and protects against diabetic kidney diseases, both dependent and independent of blood glucose levels. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1205834. [PMID: 38022502 PMCID: PMC10665888 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1205834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Therefore, efforts to understand DKD pathophysiology and prevent its development at the early phase are highly warranted. Methods Here, we analyzed kidneys from healthy mice, diabetic mice, and diabetic mice treated with the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin using ATAC and RNA sequencing. The findings were verified at the protein levels and in cultured cells. Results Our combined method of ATAC and RNA sequencing revealed Csf2rb, Btla, and Isg15 as the key candidate genes associated with hyperglycemia, azotemia, and albuminuria. Their protein levels were altered together with multiple other inflammatory cytokines in the diabetic kidney, which was alleviated by dapagliflozin treatment. Cell culture of immortalized renal tubular cells and macrophages unraveled that dapagliflozin could directly effect on these cells in vitro as an anti-inflammatory agent independent of glucose concentrations. We further proved that dapagliflozin attenuated ischemia/reperfusion-induced chronic kidney injury and renal inflammation in mice. Discussion Overall, our data emphasize the importance of inflammatory factors to the pathogenesis of DKD, and provide valuable mechanistic insights into the renoprotective role of dapagliflozin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Leyi Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Mou
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiajing Che
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Liu T, Zhuang XX, Qin XJ, Wei LB, Gao JR. Identifying effective diagnostic biomarkers and immune infiltration features in chronic kidney disease by bioinformatics and validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1069810. [PMID: 36642989 PMCID: PMC9838551 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1069810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by sustained inflammation and immune dysfunction, is highly prevalent and can eventually progress to end-stage kidney disease. However, there is still a lack of effective and reliable diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for CKD. Methods: First, we merged data from GEO microarrays (GSE104948 and GSE116626) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CKD and healthy patient samples. Then, we conducted GO, KEGG, HPO, and WGCNA analyses to explore potential functions of DEGs and select clinically significant modules. Moreover, STRING was used to analyse protein-protein interactions. CytoHubba and MCODE algorithms in the cytoscape plug-in were performed to screen hub genes in the network. We then determined the diagnostic significance of the obtained hub genes by ROC and two validation datasets. Meanwhile, the expression level of the biomarkers was verified by IHC. Furthermore, we examined immunological cells' relationships with hub genes. Finally, GSEA was conducted to determine the biological functions that biomarkers are significantly enriched. STITCH and AutoDock Vina were used to predict and validate drug-gene interactions. Results: A total of 657 DEGs were screened and functional analysis emphasizes their important role in inflammatory responses and immunomodulation in CKD. Through WGCNA, the interaction network, ROC curves, and validation set, four hub genes (IL10RA, CD45, CTSS, and C1QA) were identified. Furthermore, IHC of CKD patients confirmed the results above. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that CKD had a significant increase in monocytes, M0 macrophages, and M1 macrophages but a decrease in regulatory T cells, activated dendritic cells, and so on. Moreover, four hub genes were statistically correlated with them. Further analysis exhibited that IL10RA, which obtained the highest expression level in hub genes, was involved in abnormalities in various immune cells and regulated a large number of immune system responses and inflammation-related pathways. In addition, the drug-gene interaction network contained four potential therapeutic drugs targeting IL10RA, and molecular docking might make this relationship viable. Conclusion: IL10RA and its related hub molecules might play a key role in the development of CKD and could be potential biomarkers in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China,College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Xing Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, China
| | - Xiu Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Bing Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jia Rong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Jia Rong Gao,
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3
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Tout I, Miossec P. The role of B cells and their interactions with stromal cells in the context of inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 21:103098. [PMID: 35417796 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between B cells and stromal cells have essential functions in immune cell development and responses. During chronic inflammation, the pro-inflammatory microenvironment leads to changes in stromal cells, which acquire a pathogenic phenotype specific to each organ and disease. B cells are recruited to the site of inflammation and interact with these pathogenic stromal cells contributing to the disease's severity. In addition to producing autoantibodies, B cells contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammatory diseases by serving as professional antigen-presenting cells, producing cytokines, and through additional mechanisms. This review describes the role of B cells and their interactions with stromal cells in chronic inflammation, with a focus on human disease, using three selected autoimmune inflammatory diseases: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis. Understanding B cells roles and their interaction with stromal cells will help develop new therapeutic options for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issam Tout
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, University of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, University of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69437 Lyon, France.
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4
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HES5-mediated repression of LIGHT transcription may contribute to apoptosis in hepatocytes. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:308. [PMID: 34689159 PMCID: PMC8542050 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prototypical form of metabolic syndrome and has become a global pandemic. Hepatocytes undergo apoptosis in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We report that the lymphokine LIGHT/TNFSF14 was upregulated in the murine NAFLD livers and in hepatocytes treated with free fatty acids (palmitate, PA). LIGHT knockdown or neutralization attenuated PA-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes. Similarly, knockdown or blockade of LTβR, the receptor for LIGHT, ameliorated apoptosis in hepatocytes exposed to PA. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) revealed several Notch-related transcription factors as upstream regulators of LIGHT, of which HES5 expression was downregulated paralleling LIGHT induction in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. HES5 knockdown enhanced whereas HES5 over-expression weakened LIGHT induction in hepatocytes. HES5 was found to directly bind to the LIGHT promoter and repress LIGHT transcription. Mechanistically, HES5 interacted with SIRT1 to deacetylate histone H3/H4 on the LIGHT promoter to repress LIGHT transcription. SIRT1 knockdown or inhibition offset the effect of HES5 over-expression on LIGHT transcription and hepatocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, our data unveil a novel mechanism that might contribute to excessive apoptosis in hepatocyte exposed to free fatty acids.
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5
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Fleig SV, Konen FF, Schröder C, Schmitz J, Gingele S, Bräsen JH, Lovric S, Schmidt BMW, Haller H, Skripuletz T, von Vietinghoff S. Long-term B cell depletion associates with regeneration of kidney function. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:1479-1488. [PMID: 34324242 PMCID: PMC8589377 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common condition that increases mortality and the risk of cardiovascular and other morbidities regardless of underlying renal condition. Chronic inflammation promotes renal fibrosis. Recently, renal B cell infiltrates were described in chronic kidney disease of various etiologies beyond autoimmunity. Methods We here investigated B cells and indicators of tertiary lymphoid structure formation in human renal biopsies. Renal function was studied during long‐term B cell depletion in human patients with membranous nephropathy and with CKD of unknown origin. Results Cytokine profiles of tertiary lymphoid structure formation were detected in human renal interstitium in a range of kidney diseases. Complex B cell structures consistent with tertiary lymphoid organ formation were evident in human membranous nephropathy. Here, B cell density did not significantly associate with proteinuria severity, but with worse excretory renal function. Proteinuria responses mostly occurred within the first 6 months of B cell depletion. In contrast, recovery of excretory kidney function was observed only after 18 months of continuous therapy, consistent with a structural process. Renal tertiary lymphatic structures were also detected in the absence of autoimmune kidney disease. To start to address whether B cell depletion may affect CKD in a broader population, we assessed kidney function in neurologic patients with CKD of unknown origin. In this cohort, eGFR significantly increased within 24 months of B cell depletion. Conclusion Long‐term B cell depletion associated with significant improvement of excretory kidney function in human CKD. Kinetics and mechanisms of renal B cell aggregation should be investigated further to stratify the impact of B cells and their aggregates as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne V Fleig
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Nephrology Section, Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franz F Konen
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Interdisciplinary Day Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Christoph Schröder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Interdisciplinary Day Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Jessica Schmitz
- Nephropathology unit, Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Stefan Gingele
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Interdisciplinary Day Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Jan H Bräsen
- Nephropathology unit, Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Svjetlana Lovric
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Interdisciplinary Day Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Bernhard M W Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Thomas Skripuletz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Interdisciplinary Day Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Sibylle von Vietinghoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover.,Nephrology Section, Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Day Clinic, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
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Cox SN, Chiurlia S, Divella C, Rossini M, Serino G, Bonomini M, Sirolli V, Aiello FB, Zaza G, Squarzoni I, Gangemi C, Stangou M, Papagianni A, Haas M, Schena FP. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded renal biopsy tissues: an underexploited biospecimen resource for gene expression profiling in IgA nephropathy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15164. [PMID: 32938960 PMCID: PMC7494931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) diagnosis is based on IgA-dominant glomerular deposits and histological scoring is done on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE) sections using the Oxford classification. Our aim was to use this underexploited resource to extract RNA and identify genes that characterize active (endocapillary–extracapillary proliferations) and chronic (tubulo-interstitial) renal lesions in total renal cortex. RNA was extracted from archival FFPE renal biopsies of 52 IgAN patients, 22 non-IgAN and normal renal tissue of 7 kidney living donors (KLD) as controls. Genome-wide gene expression profiles were obtained and biomarker identification was carried out comparing gene expression signatures a subset of IgAN patients with active (N = 8), and chronic (N = 12) renal lesions versus non-IgAN and KLD. Bioinformatic analysis identified transcripts for active (DEFA4,TNFAIP6,FAR2) and chronic (LTB,CXCL6, ITGAX) renal lesions that were validated by RT-PCR and IHC. Finally, two of them (TNFAIP6 for active and CXCL6 for chronic) were confirmed in the urine of an independent cohort of IgAN patients compared with non-IgAN patients and controls. We have integrated transcriptomics with histomorphological scores, identified specific gene expression changes using the invaluable repository of archival renal biopsies and discovered two urinary biomarkers that may be used for specific clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Natasha Cox
- Schena Foundation, Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Strada Provinciale Valenzano-Casamassima Km. 3.00, 70100, Valenzano, Bari, Italy. .,Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Samantha Chiurlia
- Schena Foundation, Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Strada Provinciale Valenzano-Casamassima Km. 3.00, 70100, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Divella
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Rossini
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Grazia Serino
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Bonomini
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sirolli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca B Aiello
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Isabella Squarzoni
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Concetta Gangemi
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Stangou
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papagianni
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mark Haas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Paolo Schena
- Schena Foundation, Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Strada Provinciale Valenzano-Casamassima Km. 3.00, 70100, Valenzano, Bari, Italy. .,Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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7
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Zhong Y, Wu S, Yang Y, Li GQ, Meng L, Zheng QY, Li Y, Xu GL, Zhang KQ, Peng KF. LIGHT aggravates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury via TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11936-11948. [PMID: 32881263 PMCID: PMC7579683 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis‐associated acute kidney injury (SA‐AKI) is a common clinical critical care syndrome. It has received increasing attention due to its high morbidity and mortality; however, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. LIGHT, the 14th member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and a bidirectional immunoregulatory molecule that regulates inflammation, plays a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis. In this study, mice with an intraperitoneal injection of LPS and HK‐2 cells challenged with LPS were employed as a model of SA‐AKI in vivo and in vitro, respectively. LIGHT deficiency notably attenuated kidney injury in pathological damage and renal function and markedly mitigated the inflammatory reaction by decreasing inflammatory mediator production and inflammatory cell infiltration in vivo. The TLR4‐Myd88‐NF‐κB signalling pathway in the kidney of LIGHT knockout mice was dramatically down‐regulated compared to the controls. Recombinant human LIGHT aggravated LPS‐treated HK‐2 cell injury by up‐regulating the expression of the TLR4‐Myd88‐NF‐κB signalling pathway and inflammation levels. TAK 242 (a selective TLR4 inhibitor) reduced this trend to some extent. In addition, blocking LIGHT with soluble receptor fusion proteins HVEM‐Fc or LTβR‐Fc in mice attenuated renal dysfunction and pathological damage in SA‐AKI. Our findings indicate that LIGHT aggravates inflammation and promotes kidney damage in LPS‐induced SA‐AKI via the TLR4‐Myd88‐NF‐κB signalling pathway, which provide potential strategies for the treatment of SA‐AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shun Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui-Qing Li
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quan-You Zheng
- Department of Urology, 958 Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - You Li
- Department of intense care, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui-Lian Xu
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- Urinary Nephropathy Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kan-Fu Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Involvement of NF-κB1 and the Non-Canonical NF-κB Signaling Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Acute Kidney Injury in Shiga-Toxin-2-Induced Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome in Mice. Shock 2020; 56:573-581. [PMID: 32433206 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy which can occur as a severe systemic complication after an infection with Shiga-toxin-(Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines associated with the classical NF-κB signaling pathway were detected in the urine of HUS patients. Thus, we hypothesize that the immune response of the infected organism triggered by Stx can affect the kidneys and contributes to acute kidney injury. Hitherto the role of the classical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway in HUS has not been evaluated systematically in vivo. We aimed to investigate in a murine model of Shiga toxin-induced HUS-like disease, whether one or both pathways are involved in the renal pathology in HUS. In kidneys of mice subjected to Stx or sham-treated mice, protein or gene expression analyses were performed to assess the 1) expression of receptors activating the classical and non-canonical pathway, such as Fn14 and CD40 2) levels of NF-κB1/RelA and NF-κB2/RelB including its upstream signaling proteins and 3) expression of cytokines as target molecules of both pathways. In line with a higher expression of Fn14 and CD40, we detected an enhanced translocation of NF-κB1 and RelA as well as NF-κB2 and RelB into the nucleus accompanied by an increased gene expression of the NF-κB1-target cytokines Ccl20, Cxcl2, Ccl2, Cxcl1, IL-6, TNF-α, Cxcl10 and Ccl5, indicating an activation of the classical and non-canonical NF-κB pathway. Thereby, we provide, for the first time, in vivo evidence for an involvement of both NF-κB signaling pathways in renal pathophysiology of STEC-HUS.
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Francipane MG, Han B, Lagasse E. Host Lymphotoxin-β Receptor Signaling Is Crucial for Angiogenesis of Metanephric Tissue Transplanted into Lymphoid Sites. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:252-269. [PMID: 31585070 PMCID: PMC6943804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mouse lymph node (LN) can provide a niche to grow metanephric kidney to maturity. Here, we show that signaling through the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) is critical for kidney organogenesis both in the LN and the omentum. By transplanting kidney rudiments either in the LNs of mice undergoing LTβR antagonist treatment or in the omenta of Ltbr knockout (Ltbr-/-) mice, the host LTβR signals were found to be crucial for obtaining a well-vascularized kidney graft. Indeed, defective LTβR signaling correlated with decreased expression of endothelial and angiogenic markers in kidney grafts as well as structural alterations. Because the number of glomerular endothelial cells expressing the LTβR target nuclear factor κB-inducing kinase (NIK) decreased in the absence of a functional LTβR, it was speculated that an LTβR/NIK axis mediated the angiogenetic signals required for successful ectopic kidney organogenesis, given the established role of NIK in neovascularization. However, the transplantation of kidney rudiments in omenta of Nik-/- mice revealed that NIK is dispensable for ectopic kidney vascular integration and maturation. Finally, defective LTβR signaling impaired compensatory glomerular adaptation to renal mass reduction, indicating that kidney regeneration approaches, besides whole kidney reconstruction, might benefit from the presence of LTβR signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Francipane
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Bing Han
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric Lagasse
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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10
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Banach-Orłowska M, Wyszyńska R, Pyrzyńska B, Maksymowicz M, Gołąb J, Miączyńska M. Cholesterol restricts lymphotoxin β receptor-triggered NF-κB signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:171. [PMID: 31878945 PMCID: PMC6933913 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) plays important roles in the development of the immune system and immune response. At the cellular level, ligand-bound LTβR activates the pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway but the detailed mechanisms regulating its signaling remain unknown. Understanding them is of high importance since LTβR and its ligands are promising therapeutic targets. Here, we studied the consequences of perturbed cellular cholesterol content on LTβR-induced NF-κB signaling. METHODS To modulate cholesterol availability and/or level in lung carcinoma A549 and H2228, and endothelial HUVEC cells different treatment regimens with filipin, methyl-β-cyclodextrin and simvastatin were applied. LTβR localization was studied by confocal microscopy. The activity of LTβR-induced NF-κB pathway was assessed by measuring the levels of NF-κB pathway inhibitor IκBα and phosphorylation of RelA transcription factor by Western blotting. The NF-κB transcriptional response, production of chemokines and adhesion molecules were examined by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blotting, respectively. Adherence of different types of primary immune cells to epithelial A549 cells and endothelial HUVECs was measured fluorometrically. Interactions of LTβR with its protein partners were investigated by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS We showed that filipin-mediated sequestration of cholesterol or its depletion from the plasma membrane with methyl-β-cyclodextrin impaired LTβR internalization and potentiated LTβR-dependent activation of the canonical branch of the NF-κB pathway. The latter was manifested by enhanced degradation of IκBα inhibitor, elevated RelA phosphorylation, substantial increase in the expression of NF-κB target genes encoding, among others, cytokines and adhesion molecules known to play important roles in immune response. It was followed by robust secretion of CXCL8 and upregulation of ICAM1, that favored the adhesion of immune cells (NK and T cells, neutrophils) to A549 cells and HUVECs. Mechanistically, we showed that cholesterol depletion stabilized interactions of ligand-stimulated LTβR with modified forms of TRAF2 and NEMO proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the reduction of the plasma membrane content of cholesterol or its sequestration strongly potentiated signaling outcome initiated by LTβR. Thus, drugs modulating cholesterol levels could potentially improve efficacy of LTβR-based therapies. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Banach-Orłowska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Renata Wyszyńska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Pyrzyńska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Maksymowicz
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Gołąb
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Miączyńska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
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Brizi V, Xinaris C. Lymphotoxin-Beta Receptor Signaling Is Crucial for the Vascularization of Transplanted Metanephros. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 190:33-36. [PMID: 31628902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This commentary highlights the article by Francipane et al that studied the molecular signals supporting kidney vascularization in host lymphoid sites and omenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Brizi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Christodoulos Xinaris
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy; University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Li B, Leung JCK, Chan LYY, Yiu WH, Li Y, Lok SWY, Liu WH, Chan KW, Tse HF, Lai KN, Tang SCW. Amelioration of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Hepatocyte Growth Factor/c-Met Signaling in Obesity-Associated Kidney Injury. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:898-910. [PMID: 31054183 PMCID: PMC6708066 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding of lipid metabolism suggest a critical role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in obesity‐induced kidney injury. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine frequently featured in stem cell therapy with distinct renotropic benefits. This study aims to define the potential link between human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPS‐MSCs)/bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BM‐MSCs) and ER stress in lipotoxic kidney injury induced by palmitic acid (PA) in renal tubular cells and by high‐fat diet (HFD) in mice. iPS‐MSCs or BM‐MSCs alleviated ER stress (by preventing induction of Bip, chop, and unfolded protein response), inflammation (Il6, Cxcl1, and Cxcl2), and apoptosis (Bax/Bcl2 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labeling‐positive cells) in renal cortex of animals exposed to HFD thus mitigating histologic damage and albuminuria, via activating HGF/c‐Met paracrine signaling that resulted in enhanced HGF secretion in the glomerular compartment and c‐Met expression in the tubules. Coculture experiments identified glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) to be the exclusive source of glomerular HGF when incubated with either iPS‐MSCs or BM‐MSCs in the presence of PA. Furthermore, both GEC‐derived HGF and exogenous recombinant HGF attenuated PA‐induced ER stress in cultured tubular cells, and this effect was abrogated by a neutralizing anti‐HGF antibody. Taken together, this study is the first to demonstrate that MSCs ameliorate lipotoxic kidney injury via a novel microenvironment‐dependent paracrine HGF/c‐Met signaling mechanism to suppress ER stress and its downstream pro‐inflammatory and pro‐apoptotic consequences. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:898&910
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph C K Leung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Loretta Y Y Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Han Yiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sarah W Y Lok
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing Han Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kam Wa Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hung Fat Tse
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kar Neng Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sydney C W Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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13
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Maarouf OH, Uehara M, Kasinath V, Solhjou Z, Banouni N, Bahmani B, Jiang L, Yilmam OA, Guleria I, Lovitch SB, Grogan JL, Fiorina P, Sage PT, Bromberg JS, McGrath MM, Abdi R. Repetitive ischemic injuries to the kidneys result in lymph node fibrosis and impaired healing. JCI Insight 2018; 3:120546. [PMID: 29997302 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of the kidney-draining lymph node (KLN) to the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of the kidney and its subsequent recovery has not been explored in depth. In addition, the mechanism by which repetitive IRI contributes to renal fibrosis remains poorly understood. Herein, we have found that IRI of the kidney is associated with expansion of high endothelial venules (HEVs) and activation of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) in the KLN, as demonstrated by significant expansion in the extracellular matrix. The lymphotoxin α signaling pathway mediates activation of FRCs, and chronic treatment with lymphotoxin β receptor-immunoglobulin fusion protein (LTβr-Ig) resulted in marked alteration of the KLN as well as augmentation of renal fibrosis. Depletion of FRCs reduced T cell activation in the KLN and ameliorated renal injury in acute IRI. Repetitive renal IRI was associated with senescence of FRCs, fibrosis of the KLN, and renal scarring, which were ameliorated by FRC administration. Therefore, our study emphasizes the critical role of FRCs in both the initiation and repair phases of injury following IRI of the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar H Maarouf
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Renal Division, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mayuko Uehara
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhabiz Solhjou
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naima Banouni
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Baharak Bahmani
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Osman A Yilmam
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Indira Guleria
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott B Lovitch
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jane L Grogan
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Nephrology Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter T Sage
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Martina M McGrath
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Seeger H, Lindenmeyer MT, Cohen CD, Jaeckel C, Nelson PJ, Chen J, Edenhofer I, Kozakowski N, Regele H, Boehmig G, Brandt S, Wuethrich RP, Heikenwalder M, Fehr T, Segerer S. Lymphotoxin expression in human and murine renal allografts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189396. [PMID: 29300739 PMCID: PMC5754061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is the most frequently transplanted solid organ. Recruitment of inflammatory cells, ranging from diffuse to nodular accumulations with defined microarchitecture, is a hallmark of acute and chronic renal allograft injury. Lymphotoxins (LTs) mediate the communication of lymphocytes and stromal cells and play a pivotal role in chronic inflammation and formation of lymphoid tissue. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of members of the LT system in acute rejection (AR) and chronic renal allograft injury such as transplant glomerulopathy (TG) and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IFTA). We investigated differentially regulated components in transcriptomes of human renal allograft biopsies. By microarray analysis, we found the upregulation of LTβ, LIGHT, HVEM and TNF receptors 1 and 2 in AR and IFTA in human renal allograft biopsies. In addition, there was clear evidence for the activation of the NFκB pathway, most likely a consequence of LTβ receptor stimulation. In human renal allograft biopsies with transplant glomerulopathy (TG) two distinct transcriptional patterns of LT activation were revealed. By quantitative RT-PCR robust upregulation of LTα, LTβ and LIGHT was shown in biopsies with borderline lesions and AR. Immunohistochemistry revealed expression of LTβ in tubular epithelial cells and inflammatory infiltrates in transplant biopsies with AR and IFTA. Finally, activation of LT signaling was reproduced in a murine model of renal transplantation with AR. In summary, our results indicate a potential role of the LT system in acute renal allograft rejection and chronic transplant injury. Activation of the LT system in allograft rejection in rodents indicates a species independent mechanism. The functional role of the LT system in acute renal allograft rejection and chronic injury remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Seeger
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Zuerich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology and Zuerich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zuerich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Maja T. Lindenmeyer
- Nephrological Center, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens D. Cohen
- Nephrological Center, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Jaeckel
- Nephrological Center, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter J. Nelson
- Nephrological Center, Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jin Chen
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Zuerich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology and Zuerich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zuerich, Switzerland
| | - Ilka Edenhofer
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Zuerich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology and Zuerich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zuerich, Switzerland
| | | | - Heinz Regele
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Boehmig
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Brandt
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zuerich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf P. Wuethrich
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Zuerich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology and Zuerich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zuerich, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fehr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Graubuenden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Segerer
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital, Zuerich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physiology and Zuerich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zuerich, Switzerland
- Division of Nephrology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
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15
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Afzali AM, Ruck T, Wiendl H, Meuth SG. Animal models in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: How to overcome a translational roadblock? Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:478-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Beyond TNF: TNF superfamily cytokines as targets for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 13:217-233. [PMID: 28275260 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TNF blockers are highly efficacious at dampening inflammation and reducing symptoms in rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, and also in nonrheumatic syndromes such as inflammatory bowel disease. As TNF belongs to a superfamily of 19 structurally related proteins that have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity, reagents that disrupt the interaction between proinflammatory TNF family cytokines and their receptors, or agonize the anti-inflammatory receptors, are being considered for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Biologic agents that block B cell activating factor (BAFF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) have been approved for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and osteoporosis, respectively. In this Review, we focus on additional members of the TNF superfamily that could be relevant for the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease, including those that can strongly promote activity of immune cells or increase activity of tissue cells, as well as those that promote death pathways and might limit inflammation. We examine preclinical mouse and human data linking these molecules to the control of damage in the joints, muscle, bone or other tissues, and discuss their potential as targets for future therapy of rheumatic diseases.
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