1
|
Kwon YH, Blass BE, Wang H, Grondin JA, Banskota S, Korzekwa K, Ye M, Gordon JC, Colussi D, Blattner KM, Canney DJ, Khan WI. Novel 5-HT 7 receptor antagonists modulate intestinal immune responses and reduce severity of colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G57-G69. [PMID: 38713616 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00299.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses several debilitating chronic gastrointestinal (GI) inflammatory disorders, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In both conditions, mucosal inflammation is a key clinical presentation associated with altered serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) signaling. This altered 5-HT signaling is also found across various animal models of colitis. Of the 14 known receptor subtypes, 5-HT receptor type 7 (5-HT7) is one of the most recently discovered. We previously reported that blocking 5-HT signaling with either a selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonist (SB-269970) or genetic ablation alleviated intestinal inflammation in murine experimental models of colitis. Here, we developed novel antagonists, namely, MC-170073 and MC-230078, which target 5-HT7 receptors with high selectivity. We also investigated the in vivo efficacy of these antagonists in experimental colitis by using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and the transfer of CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells to induce intestinal inflammation. Inhibition of 5-HT7 receptor signaling with the antagonists, MC-170073 and MC-230078, ameliorated intestinal inflammation in both acute and chronic colitis models, which was accompanied by lower histopathological damage and diminished levels of proinflammatory cytokines compared with vehicle-treated controls. Together, the data reveal that the pharmacological inhibition of 5-HT7 receptors by these selective antagonists ameliorates the severity of colitis across various experimental models and may, in the future, serve as a potential treatment option for patients with IBD. In addition, these findings support that 5-HT7 is a viable therapeutic target for IBD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates that the novel highly selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonists, MC-170073 and MC-230078, significantly alleviated the severity of colitis across models of experimental colitis. These findings suggest that inhibition of 5-HT7 receptor signaling by these new antagonists may serve as an alternative mode of treatment to diminish symptomology in those with inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Han Kwon
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin E Blass
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Huaqing Wang
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jensine A Grondin
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suhrid Banskota
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Korzekwa
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John C Gordon
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Dennis Colussi
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kevin M Blattner
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Daniel J Canney
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Waliul I Khan
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang Y, Shen L, Wang B. Non-electrophysiological techniques targeting transient receptor potential (TRP) gene of gastrointestinal tract. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129551. [PMID: 38367416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are cation channels related to a wide range of physical and chemical stimuli, they are expressed all along the gastrointestinal system, and a myriad of diseases are often associated with aberrant expression or mutation of the TRP gene, suggesting that TRPs are promising targets for drug therapy. Therefore, a better understanding of the information of TRPs in health and disease could facilitate the development of effective drugs for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases like IBD. But there are very few generalizations about the experimental techniques studied in this field. In view of the promise of TRP as a therapeutic target, we discuss experimental methods that can be used for TRPs including their distribution, function and interaction with other proteins, as well as some promising emerging technologies to provide experimental methods for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Robinson GI, Li D, Wang B, Zahoruiko Y, Gerasymchuk M, Hudson D, Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Serotonin Receptor and Transient Receptor Potential Channel Ligands in Human Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6743-6774. [PMID: 37623246 PMCID: PMC10453699 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis can lead to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and systemic inflammation, affecting multiple organs. Developing novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics is crucial for preventing IBD progression. Serotonin receptor type 2A (5-HT2A) ligands, including psilocybin (Psi), 4-Acetoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (4-AcO-DMT), and ketanserin (Ket), along with transient receptor potential (TRP) channel ligands like capsaicin (Cap), curcumin (Cur), and eugenol (Eug), show promise as anti-inflammatory agents. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of Psi, 4-AcO-DMT, Ket, Cap, Cur, and Eug on human small intestinal epithelial cells (HSEIC). HSEIC were exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ for 24 h to induce an inflammatory response, followed by treatment with each compound at varying doses (0-800 μM) for 24 to 96 h. The cytotoxicity was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and protein expression by Western blot (WB) analysis. As single treatments, Psi (40 μM), Cur (0.5 μM), and Eug (50 μM) significantly reduced COX-2 levels without cytotoxic effects. When combined, Psi (40 μM) and Cur (0.5 μM) exhibited synergy, resulting in a substantial decrease in COX-2 protein levels (-28× fold change), although the reduction in IL-6 was less pronounced (-1.6× fold change). Psi (20 μM) and Eug (25 μM) demonstrated the most favorable outcomes, with significant decreases in COX-2 (-19× fold change) and IL-6 (-10× fold change) protein levels. Moreover, the combination of Psi and Eug did not induce cytotoxic effects in vitro at any tested doses. This study is the first to explore the anti-inflammatory potential of psilocybin and 4-AcO-DMT in the intestines while highlighting the potential for synergy between the 5-HT2A and TRP channel ligands, specifically Psi and Eug, in alleviating the TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced inflammatory response in HSEIC. Further investigations should evaluate if the Psi and Eug combination has the therapeutic potential to treat IBD in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Ian Robinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (G.I.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Dongping Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (G.I.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (G.I.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Yeva Zahoruiko
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (G.I.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Marta Gerasymchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (G.I.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Darryl Hudson
- GoodCap Pharmaceuticals, Calgary, AB T2P 0R3, Canada
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (G.I.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada; (G.I.R.); (M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kato S, Onishi S, Sasai M, Yasuda H, Saeki K, Matsumoto K, Yokomizo T. Deficiency of leukotriene B4 receptor type 1 ameliorates ovalbumin-induced allergic enteritis in mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023. [PMID: 37406678 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 receptor type 1 (BLT1), a high-affinity receptor for leukotriene B4 (LTB4), plays an important role in inflammatory responses, including allergic airway inflammation. In this study, we examined the effect of genetic BLT1 deletion (BLT1KO) on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic enteritis in mice to determine the pathogenic role of LTB4/BLT1 in allergic enteritis, a gastrointestinal form of food allergy. Repeated oral OVA challenges after sensitization with OVA and aluminium potassium sulphate induced allergic enteritis, characterized by systemic allergic symptoms (scratching, immobility and swelling), diarrhoea, colonic oedema and colonic goblet cell hyperplasia, accompanied by increased colonic peroxidase activity, colonic inflammatory cytokine expression and increased serum OVA-specific IgE levels. The severity of enteritis was significantly attenuated in BLT1KO mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, without an increase in serum OVA-specific IgE levels. The accumulation of neutrophils, eosinophils, M2-macrophages, dendritic cells, CD4+ T cells and mast cells was observed in the colonic mucosa of allergic enteritis, and such accumulation was significantly lower in BLT1KO mice than in WT mice. BLT1 expression was upregulated and colocalized mostly in neutrophils and partly in eosinophils and dendritic cells in the colonic mucosa of allergic enteritis. These findings indicate that BLT1 deficiency ameliorates OVA-induced allergic enteritis in mice and that LTB4/BLT1 contributes to neutrophil and eosinophil accumulation in the allergic colonic mucosa. Therefore, BLT1 is a promising drug target for treating food allergies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kato
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Suzuka Onishi
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Misaki Sasai
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yasuda
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuko Saeki
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Merecz K, Hirsa M, Biniszewska O, Fichna J, Tarasiuk A. An overview of 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists as a treatment option for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37173833 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2214314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, discomfort, and altered bowel habits, which affects the quality of life of approximately 10% of the worldwide population. IBS is classified into three types: IBS-D (diarrhea-predominant), IBS-C (constipation-predominant), and mixed or alternating IBS (IBS-M). Among potential interventions for IBS-D, the antagonism of the serotonin 5-HT3 receptor has recently emerged as an effective treatment option. Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter and an immunoregulatory factor which plays a key role in physiological and pathological processes of the human body, having an impact on intestinal motility and gland secretion, which assist in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. AREAS COVERED In this paper, the concept of 5-HT3 antagonists in the treatment of individuals with IBS-D is discussed, with particular focus on mechanism of action and pre-clinical and clinical data. This study is based on pertinent papers that were retrieved by a selective search using relevant keywords in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. EXPERT OPINION Recent clinical trial data has confirmed beyond doubt the value of 5-HT3 antagonists. As for future directions, weak partial 5-HT3 receptor agonism appears to be an appealing alternative to a silent antagonist for the treatment of IBS-D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Merecz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Hirsa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka, Poland
| | - Olga Biniszewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Tarasiuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
TATSUOKA M, SHIMADA R, OHSAKA F, SONOYAMA K. Administration of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum suppresses the increase of colonic serotonin and alleviates symptoms in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:186-194. [PMID: 37404566 PMCID: PMC10315192 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2022-073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that altered gut serotonin (5-HT) signaling is implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Indeed, 5-HT administration reportedly exacerbated the severity of murine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis that mimics human IBD. Our recent study suggested that Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, one of the most predominant bifidobacterial species in various mammals, reduces the colonic 5-HT content in mice. The present study thus tested whether the administration of B. pseudolongum prevents DSS-induced colitis in mice. Colitis was induced by administering 3% DSS in drinking water in female BALB/c mice, and B. pseudolongum (109 CFU/day) or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, 200 mg/kg body weight) was intragastrically administered once daily throughout the experimental period. B. pseudolongum administration reduced body weight loss, diarrhea, fecal bleeding, colon shortening, spleen enlargement, and colon tissue damage and increased colonic mRNA levels of cytokine genes (Il1b, Il6, Il10, and Tnf) almost to an extent similar to 5-ASA administration in DSS-treated mice. B. pseudolongum administration also reduced the increase of colonic 5-HT content, whereas it did not alter the colonic mRNA levels of genes that encode the 5-HT synthesizing enzyme, 5-HT reuptake transporter, 5-HT metabolizing enzyme, and tight junction-associated proteins. We propose that B. pseudolongum is as beneficial against murine DSS-induced colitis as the widely used anti-inflammatory agent 5-ASA. However, further studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between the reduced colonic 5-HT content and reduced severity of DSS-induced colitis caused by B. pseudolongum administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misa TATSUOKA
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9,
Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Riku SHIMADA
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9,
Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Fumina OHSAKA
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Research Faculty of
Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Kei SONOYAMA
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Research Faculty of
Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Takahashi K, Khwaja IG, Schreyer JR, Bulmer D, Peiris M, Terai S, Aziz Q. Post-inflammatory Abdominal Pain in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease During Remission: A Comprehensive Review. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2021; 3:otab073. [PMID: 36777266 PMCID: PMC9802269 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease often experience ongoing pain even after achieving mucosal healing (i.e., post-inflammatory pain). Factors related to the brain-gut axis, such as peripheral and central sensitization, altered sympatho-vagal balance, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation, and psychosocial factors, play a significant role in the development of post-inflammatory pain. A comprehensive study investigating the interaction between multiple predisposing factors, including clinical psycho-physiological phenotypes, molecular mechanisms, and multi-omics data, is still needed to fully understand the complex mechanism of post-inflammatory pain. Furthermore, current treatment options are limited and new treatments consistent with the underlying pathophysiology are needed to improve clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Takahashi
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Iman Geelani Khwaja
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jocelyn Rachel Schreyer
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - David Bulmer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Madusha Peiris
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Qasim Aziz
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Enteric Microbiota-Mediated Serotonergic Signaling in Pathogenesis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910235. [PMID: 34638577 PMCID: PMC8508930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract. Details regarding the pathogenesis of IBS remain largely unknown, though the dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axis is a major etiological factor, in which neurotransmitters serve as a key communication tool between enteric microbiota and the brain. One of the most important neurotransmitters in the pathology of IBS is serotonin (5-HT), as it influences gastrointestinal motility, pain sensation, mucosal inflammation, immune responses, and brain activity, all of which shape IBS features. Genome-wide association studies discovered susceptible genes for IBS in serotonergic signaling pathways. In clinical practice, treatment strategies targeting 5-HT were effective for a certain portion of IBS cases. The synthesis of 5-HT in intestinal enterochromaffin cells and host serotonergic signaling is regulated by enteric resident microbiota. Dysbiosis can trigger IBS development, potentially through aberrant 5-HT signaling in the BGM axis; thus, the manipulation of the gut microbiota may be an alternative treatment strategy. However, precise information regarding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-mediated intestinal serotonergic pathway related to the pathogenesis of IBS remains unclear. The present review summarizes current knowledge and recent progress in understanding microbiome–serotonin interaction in IBS cases.
Collapse
|
9
|
Matsumoto K, Takata K, Yamada D, Usuda H, Wada K, Tada M, Mishima Y, Ishihara S, Horie S, Saitoh A, Kato S. Juvenile social defeat stress exposure favors in later onset of irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms in male mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16276. [PMID: 34381165 PMCID: PMC8357959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95916-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder. Traumatic stress during adolescence increases the risk of IBS in adults. The aim of this study was to characterize the juvenile social defeat stress (SDS)-associated IBS model in mice. Juvenile mice were exposed to an aggressor mouse for 10 min once daily for 10 consecutive days. Behavioral tests, visceral sensitivity, immune responses, and fecal bacteria in the colon were evaluated in 5 weeks after SDS exposure. Social avoidance, anxiety- and depression-like behavior, and visceral hypersensitivity were observed. Juvenile SDS exposure significantly increased the number of 5-HT-containing cells and calcitonin gene-related peptide-positive neurons in the colon. The gut microbiota was largely similar between the control and juvenile SDS groups. The alterations in fecal pellet output, bead expulsion time, plasma corticosterone concentration, and colonic 5-HT content in response to restraint stress were exacerbated in the juvenile SDS group compared with the control group. The combination of juvenile SDS and restraint stress increased the noradrenaline metabolite 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) content and MHPG/noradrenaline ratio in the amygdala when compared with restraint stress in control mice. These results suggest that juvenile SDS exposure results in later onset of IBS-like symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Kana Takata
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Haruki Usuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Shimane, Japan
| | - Koichiro Wada
- Department of Pharmacology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Shimane, Japan
| | - Maaya Tada
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Mishima
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Shimane University School of Medicine, Shimane, Japan
| | - Shunji Ishihara
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Shimane University School of Medicine, Shimane, Japan
| | - Syunji Horie
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Josai International University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Saitoh
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kato
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi 5, Yamashina, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maria-Ferreira D, Dallazen JL, Corso CR, Nascimento AM, Cipriani TR, da Silva Watanabe P, de Mello Gonçales Sant'Ana D, Baggio CH, de Paula Werner MF. Rhamnogalacturonan polysaccharide inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress and alleviates visceral pain. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
11
|
Kogure Y, Kanda H, Wang S, Hao Y, Li J, Yamamoto S, Noguchi K, Dai Y. Daikenchuto attenuates visceral pain and suppresses eosinophil infiltration in inflammatory bowel disease in murine models. JGH Open 2020; 4:1146-1154. [PMID: 33319050 PMCID: PMC7731802 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Daikenchuto (DKT), a traditional Japanese formula, comprises four herbal medicines and is used for abdominal pain. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and is characterized by colonic inflammation and chronic abdominal pain. The present study aimed to investigate whether DKT suppresses colonic hypersensitivity and inflammation associated with IBD in animal models. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 4% sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) or trinitrobenzene sulfate (TNBS) in the colon to establish UC or CD models, respectively. DKT and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) were administered orally once a day from Days 3 to 7 after induction of colitis. On Day 7, visceral pain and inflammation were evaluated by measuring the visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distention (CRD) and inflammatory indicators, including histological score, length of leukocyte infiltration, MPO activity, and eosinophil count. RESULTS DSS and TNBS increased VMR to CRD and the inflammation indicators. DKT, but not 5-ASA, suppressed the VMR to CRD in DSS- and TNBS-treated rats. DKT and 5-ASA decreased the eosinophil count in both IBD models. In DSS-treated rats, 5-ASA, but not DKT, suppressed the MPO activity. In TNBS-treated rats, neither 5-ASA nor DKT suppressed MPO activity. CONCLUSION These results suggest that DKT is beneficial for abdominal pain associated with IBD. The anti-inflammatory effect of DKT on IBD may involve inhibition of eosinophils. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory effect of DKT partially differs from that of 5-ASA. Coapplication of DKT and conventional medicine may produce a positive synergy effect for IBD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Kogure
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
| | - Hirosato Kanda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
- Traditional Medicine Research CenterChinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM)KobeJapan
- Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Shenglan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
- School of Acupuncture‐Moxibustion and TuinaBeijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM)BeijingChina
| | - Yongbiao Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
| | - Junxiang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal MedicineDongfang Hospital of BUCMBeijingChina
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
| | - Koichi Noguchi
- Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaJapan
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of PharmacyHyogo University of Health SciencesKobeJapan
- Traditional Medicine Research CenterChinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM)KobeJapan
- Department of Anatomy and NeuroscienceHyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang B, Sun S, Liu M, Chen H, Liu N, Wu Z, Wu G, Dai Z. Dietary L-Tryptophan Regulates Colonic Serotonin Homeostasis in Mice with Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis. J Nutr 2020; 150:1966-1976. [PMID: 32386234 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND L-tryptophan (Trp) has been reported to regulate gut immune responses during inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of Trp supplementation on the serotonin receptor (HTR)-mediated immune response in the colon of mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS In Experiment 1, male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: Control (Con) or L-Trp supplementation [0.1 mg/(g body weight·d) in drinking water] (Trp) with (+DSS) or without 2% DSS in drinking water from days 8 to 14 of the 17-d study. In Experiments 2 and 3, Trp + DSS (Expt. 2) or DSS (Expt. 3) mice were treated as described above and subcutaneously administered with HTR1A or HTR4 antagonists (or their combination) or an HTR2 agonist from days 8 to 14 of the 15-d study. Changes in immune cell phenotypes, inflammatory mediators, and related cell signaling molecules were assessed by flow cytometry, real-time PCR, or Western blot. The mRNA abundances of Trp hydroxylase (Tph1), serotonin reuptake transporter (Slc6a4), and Htr in the colon were also assessed. RESULTS Trp supplementation before DSS treatment upregulated the expression of colonic Slc6a4 (0.49 compared with 0.30), Htr1a (1.14 compared with 0.65), and Htr4 (1.08 compared with 0.70), downregulated the expression of Htr2a (1.54 compared with 1.89), and decreased the colonic serotonin concentration (11.5 compared with 14.8 nmol/g tissue) (P < 0.01). Trp regulated the DSS-induced immune response partly through attenuating the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-STAT3 signaling and nucleus p-65. Either an HTR2 agonist or HTR1A and HTR4 antagonists reversed the effects of Trp. CONCLUSIONS In mice treated with DSS, Trp supplementation before DSS administration improved colonic immune responses partly by reducing colonic serotonin and subsequent interactions with HTR1A and HTR4, which are known to be present on neutrophils and macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shiqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Moyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Structural Changes in the Nervous Fibers of the Colon Mucosa in Experimental Acute Colitis. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 169:104-109. [PMID: 32488782 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Morphological, morphometric, and ultrastructural analysis of the nerve fibers in the colon mucosa was performed in C57BL/6 mice at various terms of development of acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulphate. The nerve fibers were labeled with antibodies to pan-neuronal marker βIII-tubulin. The progression of inflammatory and ulcerative processes in the mucosa on days 3-5 was associated with hyperplasia and hypertrophy of nerve fibers that peaked on day 7 after colitis induction. Ultrastructural analysis at all terms of colitis development showed moderate degeneration of axons. Thus, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the nervous fibers in colon mucosa in experimental acute colitis correlated with aggravation of the ulcerative process in the mucosa. These changes are determined by alteration of histoarchitectonics and regenerative processes in the mucosa.
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen Y, Mu J, Zhu M, Mukherjee A, Zhang H. Transient Receptor Potential Channels and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:180. [PMID: 32153564 PMCID: PMC7044176 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels are present in abundance across the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, serving as detectors for a variety of stimuli and secondary transducers for G-protein coupled receptors. The activation of TRP channels triggers neurogenic inflammation with related neuropeptides and initiates immune reactions by extra-neuronally regulating immune cells, contributing to the GI homeostasis. However, under pathological conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), TRP channels are involved in intestinal inflammation. An increasing number of human and animal studies have indicated that TRP channels are correlated to the visceral hypersensitivity (VHS) and immune pathogenesis in IBD, leading to an exacerbation or amelioration of the VHS or intestinal inflammation. Thus, TRP channels are a promising target for novel therapeutic methods for IBD. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the functions of TRP channels, especially their potential roles in immunity and IBD. Additionally, we discuss the contradictory findings of prior studies and offer new insights with regard to future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingxi Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Najjar SA, Davis BM, Albers KM. Epithelial-Neuronal Communication in the Colon: Implications for Visceral Pain. Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:170-181. [PMID: 31983457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Visceral hypersensitivity and pain result, at least in part, from increased excitability of primary afferents that innervate the colon. In addition to intrinsic changes in these neurons, emerging evidence indicates that changes in lining epithelial cells may also contribute to increased excitability. Here we review recent studies on how colon epithelial cells communicate directly with colon afferents. Specifically, anatomical studies revealed specialized synaptic connections between epithelial cells and nerve fibers and studies using optogenetic activation of the epithelium showed initiation of pain-like responses. We review the possible mechanisms of epithelial-neuronal communication and provide an overview of the possible neurotransmitters and receptors involved. Understanding the biology of this interface and how it changes in pathological conditions may provide new treatments for visceral pain conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Najjar
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Brian M Davis
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn M Albers
- Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sakai H, Ishida T, Sato K, Mandokoro K, Yabe S, Sato F, Chiba Y, Kon R, Ikarashi N, Kamei J. Interference of Skin Scratching Attenuates Accumulation of Neutrophils in Murine Allergic Contact Dermatitis Model. Inflammation 2019; 42:2226-2235. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
17
|
Wu Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Fan Q, Zhu J, Yang L, Rong W. TLR4 mediates upregulation and sensitization of TRPV1 in primary afferent neurons in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfate-induced colitis. Mol Pain 2019; 15:1744806919830018. [PMID: 30672380 PMCID: PMC6378437 DOI: 10.1177/1744806919830018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated excitability of primary afferent neurons underlies chronic pain in patients with functional or inflammatory bowel diseases. Recent studies have established an essential role for an enhanced transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) signaling in mediating peripheral hyperalgesia in inflammatory conditions. Since colocalization of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TRPV1 has been observed in primary afferents including the trigeminal sensory neurons and the dorsal root ganglion neurons, we test the hypothesis that TLR4 might regulate the expression and function of TRPV1 in primary afferent neurons in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfate (TNBS)-induced colitis using the TLR4-deficient and the wild-type C57 mice. Despite having a higher disease activity index following administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfate, the TLR4-deficient mice showed less inflammatory infiltration in the colon than the wild-type mice. Increased expression of TLR4 and TRPV1 as well as increased density of capsaicin-induced TRPV1 current was observed in L4–S2 dorsal root ganglion neurons of the wild-type colitis mice till two weeks post 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfate treatment. In comparison, the TLR4-deficient colitis mice had lower TRPV1 expression and TRPV1 current density in dorsal root ganglion neurons with lower abdominal withdrawal response scores during noxious colonic distensions. In the wild type but not in the TLR4-deficient dorsal root ganglion neurons, acute administration of the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide increased the capsaicin-evoked TRPV1 current. In addition, we found that the canonical signaling downstream of TLR4 was activated in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfate-induced colitis in the wild type but not in the TLR4-deficient mice. These results indicate that TLR4 may play a major role in regulation of TRPV1 signaling and peripheral hyperalgesia in inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Wu
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,2 Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingping Wang
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Wang
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Fan
- 2 Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- 2 Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Yang
- 3 Core Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifang Rong
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
El-Ayache N, Galligan JJ. 5-HT 3 receptor signaling in serotonin transporter-knockout rats: a female sex-specific animal model of visceral hypersensitivity. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G132-G143. [PMID: 30359082 PMCID: PMC6383387 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00131.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal motor and visceral sensation disorder that is more common in women than men. Female serotonin transporter (SERT)-gene knockout (KO) rats exhibit hypersensitivity to colorectal balloon distention (CRD) that mimics colonic hypersensitivity occurring in female IBS patients. Alosetron (5-HT3 receptor antagonist) is used to treat diarrhea-predominant IBS in female patients. Other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are ineffective at treating IBS symptoms. The visceromotor response (VMR) to CRD in SERT-KO and wild-type (WT) rats was measured following subcutaneous (sc), intracerobroventricular (icv), or intrathecal (it) treatment with 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and an agonist. Alosetron (sc) and granisetron (antagonists) caused a paradoxical increase in the VMR to CRD in SERT-KO female rats. Alosetron (sc) increased the VMR to CRD in WT male rats. Alosetron (it) increased the VMR to CRD in SERT-KO female rats only, and the 5-HT3 receptor agonist SR-52772 increased the VMR to CRD in SERT-KO male rats. Depletion of spinal 5-HT using 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine prevented the increase in VMR to CRD in SERT-KO female and male rats treated it with alosetron and SR-52772, respectively. Alosetron (icv) did not affect the VMR to CRD in WT or KO female rats, but it increased the VMR in male SERT-KO but not WT male rats. These data suggest that 5-HT3 receptor signaling at the dorsal spinal cord mediates visceral hypersensitivity in female SERT-KO rats. Such differences could facilitate development of sex-specific drug treatments for visceral pain. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We studied a model of female sex-specific visceral hypersensitivity using rats that had a loss of function of the serotonin transporter (SERT) caused by gene truncation. Female SERT-KO rats exhibited visceral hypersensitivity in response to colorectal balloon distention. We found that increased 5-HT signaling at dorsal spine 5-HT3 receptors was responsible for visceral hypersensitivity in female but not male SERT-KO rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine El-Ayache
- 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - James J. Galligan
- 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan,2Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Liu W, Wang X, Wan Z, Liu Y, Leng Y. Dexmedetomidine Relieves Acute Inflammatory Visceral Pain in Rats through the ERK Pathway, Toll-Like Receptor Signaling, and TRPV1 Channel. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:279-290. [PMID: 30259406 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antinociceptive effects of DEX in acute inflammatory visceral pain (AIVP) induced by acetic acid in rats and to evaluate whether antinociception was regulated by the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel. Acetic acid was administered to 30 male rats with or without DEX. Rats were divided into six groups, as follows: control, disease (received no treatment before acetic acid administration), vehicle-treated, low-dose DEX (lDEX), medium-dose DEX (mDEX), and high-dose DEX (hDEX)-treated groups. Thermal withdrawal latency (TWL), mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) were measured to assess pain. We detected electromyographic (EGM) responses in the rectus abdominis muscle and measured the average arterial blood pressure. Levels of interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, and IL-6 in the serum, as well as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the peritoneal fluid, were measured by ELISA. The expression levels of phospho(p)CREB, pERK1/2, pMEK1, and TRP cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), as well as the activation state of TLR4, were determined in the spinal cord of rats by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. TWL and MWT scores were elevated (P < 0.05) in the hDEX and mDEX groups, whereas AWR scores decreased (P < 0.01), compared to those in the disease group. The medium and high doses of DEX suppressed IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2 release, and increased IL-2 release. In addition, protein and mRNA levels of MEK, ERK, and CREB were reduced in the mDEX and hDEX groups. Moreover, TLR4 and its downstream target, nuclear factor kappa B, along with calcitonin gene-related peptide release through the TRPV1 channel, were suppressed by mDEX and hDEX treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that DEX might exert an antinociceptive effect in AIVP in rats through the MEK/ERK pathway, TLR signaling, and TRPV1 channel, resulting in suppression of visceral hypersensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yatao Liu
- Department of anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang Xi Road , Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang Xi Road , Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhanhai Wan
- Department of anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang Xi Road , Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- Department of anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang Xi Road , Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yufang Leng
- Department of anesthesiology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang Xi Road , Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Horie S, Tashima K, Matsumoto K. [Gastrointestinal Spice Sensors and Their Functions]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2018; 138:1003-1009. [PMID: 30068839 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin is a constituent of chili pepper, and induces the burning sensation on the tongue. The site of action for capsaicin has been discovered as transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (TRPV1) that resides on the membranes of pain- and heat-sensing primary afferent nerves. The immunohistochemical study on the stomach revealed that nerve fibers expressing TRPV1 exist along gastric glands in the mucosa, around blood vessels in the submucosa, in the myenteric plexus, and in the smooth muscle layers. High numbers of TRPV1-immunoreactive axons were observed in the rectum and distal colon. Therefore, capsaicin stimulates TRPV1 not only on the tongue but also in the gut. In this review, the mechanism of gastrointestinal mucosal defense enhanced by capsaicin was summarized. TRPV1 plays a protective role in gastrointestinal mucosal defensive mechanism. Hypersensitivity of afferent fibers occurs during gastrointestinal inflammation. Abnormalities of primary afferent nerve fibers are strongly associated with the visceral hypersensitive state in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The alteration of TRPV1 channels in mucosa contributes to the visceral hypersensitivity in colitis model mice. TRPV1-expressing neurons in the gut are thought to be extrinsic sensory afferent neurons that operate to maintain gastrointestinal functions under physiological and inflammatory states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syunji Horie
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Kimihito Tashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Colitis-induced alterations in response properties of visceral nociceptive neurons in the rat caudal medulla oblongata and their modulation by 5-HT3 receptor blockade. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:183-196. [PMID: 30031817 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable clinical and experimental evidence that intestinal inflammation is associated with altered visceral nociceptive processing in the spinal cord and brain, but the underlying neuronal mechanisms, especially acting at the supraspinal level, remain unclear. Considering that the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) and the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) are the first sites for supraspinal processing of visceral pain signals, in the present study we evaluated the experimental colitis-induced changes in response properties of CVLM and NTS medullary neurons to noxious colorectal distension (CRD) in urethane-anesthetized adult male Wistar rats. To determine if gut inflammation alters the 5-HT3 receptor-dependent modulation of visceral pain-related CVLM and NTS cells, we examined the effects of intravenously administered selective 5-HT3 antagonist granisetron on ongoing and CRD-evoked activity of CVLM and NTS neurons in healthy control and colitic animals. In the absence of colonic pathology, the CVLM neurons were more excited by noxious CRD that the NTS cells, which demonstrated a greater tendency to be inhibited by the stimulation. The difference was eliminated after the development of colitis due to the increase in the proportion of CRD-excited neurons in both medullary regions associated with enhanced magnitude of the neuronal nociceptive responses. Intravenous granisetron (1 or 2 mg/kg) produced the dose-dependent suppression of the ongoing and evoked firing of CRD-excited cells within both the CVLM and NTS in normal conditions as well as was able to substantially reduce excitability of the caudal medullary neurons in the presence of colonic inflammation, arguing for the potential efficacy of the 5-HT3 receptor blockade with granisetron against both acute and inflammatory abdominal pain. Taken together, the data obtained can contribute to a deeper understanding of supraspinal serotonergic mechanisms responsible for the persistence of visceral hypersensitivity and hyperalgesia triggered by colonic inflammation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Optogenetic Activation of Colon Epithelium of the Mouse Produces High-Frequency Bursting in Extrinsic Colon Afferents and Engages Visceromotor Responses. J Neurosci 2018; 38:5788-5798. [PMID: 29789376 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0837-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells of the colon provide a vital interface between the internal environment (lumen of the colon) and colon parenchyma. To examine epithelial-neuronal signaling at this interface, we analyzed mice in which channelrhodopsin (ChR2) was targeted to either TRPV1-positive afferents or to villin-expressing colon epithelial cells. Expression of a ChR2-EYFP fusion protein was directed to either primary sensory neurons or to colon epithelial cells by crossing Ai32 mice with TRPV1-Cre or villin-Cre mice, respectively. An ex vivo preparation of the colon was used for single-fiber analysis of colon sensory afferents of the pelvic nerve. Afferents were characterized using previously described criteria as mucosal, muscular, muscular-mucosal, or serosal and then tested for blue light-induced activation. Light activation of colon epithelial cells produced robust firing of action potentials, similar to that elicited by physiologic stimulation (e.g., circumferential stretch), in 50.5% of colon afferents of mice homozygous for ChR2 expression. Light-induced activity could be reduced or abolished in most fibers using a cocktail of purinergic receptor blockers suggesting ATP release by the epithelium contributed to generation of sensory neuron action potentials. Using electromyographic recording of visceromotor responses we found that light stimulation of the colon epithelium evoked behavioral responses in Vil-ChR2 mice that was similar to that seen with balloon distension of the colon. These ex vivo and in vivo data indicate that light stimulation of colon epithelial cells alone, without added mechanical or chemical stimuli, can directly activate colon afferents and elicit behavioral responses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Abdominal pain that accompanies inflammatory diseases of the bowel is particularly vexing because it can occur without obvious changes in the structure or inflammatory condition of the colon. Pain reflects abnormal sensory neuron activity that may be controlled in part by release of substances from lining epithelial cells. In support of this mechanism we determined that blue-light stimulation of channelrhodopsin-expressing colon epithelial cells could evoke action potential firing in sensory neurons and produce changes in measures of behavioral sensitivity. Thus, activity of colon epithelial cells alone, without added mechanical or chemical stimuli, is sufficient to activate pain-sensing neurons.
Collapse
|
23
|
Motte J, Ambrosius B, Grüter T, Bachir H, Sgodzai M, Pedreiturria X, Pitarokoili K, Gold R. Capsaicin-enriched diet ameliorates autoimmune neuritis in rats. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:122. [PMID: 29690884 PMCID: PMC5916583 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune neuropathies are common PNS disorders and effective treatment is challenging. Environmental influence and dietary components are known to affect the course of autoimmune diseases. Capsaicin as pungent component of chili-peppers is common in human nutrition. An influence of capsaicin on autoimmune diseases has been postulated. METHODS We tested capsaicin in the animal model of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) in Lewis rat. Rats were immunized with P2-peptide and were treated with capsaicin in different preventive settings. Electrophysiological, histological, and molecular biological analyses of the sciatic nerve were performed to analyze T-cell and macrophage cell count, TRPV1, and cytokine expression. Moreover, FACS analyses including the intestinal immune system were executed. RESULTS We observed an immunomodulatory effect of an early preventive diet-concept, where a physiological dosage of oral capsaicin was given 10 days before immunization in EAN. A reduced inflammation of the sciatic nerve was significant detectable clinically, electrophysiologically (CMAPs reduced in control group p < 0.01; increase of nerve conduction blocks in control group p < 0.05), histologically (significant reduction of T-cells, macrophages and demyelination), and at cytokine level. In contrast, this therapeutic effect was missing with capsaicin given from the day of immunization onwards. As possible underlying mechanism, we were able to show changes in the expression of the capsaicin receptor in the sciatic nerve and the small intestine, as well as altered immune cell populations in the small intestine. CONCLUSION This is the first report about the immunomodulatory effect of the common nutrient, capsaicin, in an experimental model for autoimmune neuropathies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Capsaicin/therapeutic use
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Diet/methods
- Disease Models, Animal
- Evoked Potentials, Motor/drug effects
- Female
- Freund's Adjuvant/toxicity
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation/physiology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/pathology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/pathology
- Neural Conduction/drug effects
- Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental/diet therapy
- Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Neuritis, Autoimmune, Experimental/physiopathology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- S100 Proteins/metabolism
- Sciatic Nerve/drug effects
- Sciatic Nerve/metabolism
- Sciatic Nerve/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- TRPV Cation Channels/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremias Motte
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Ambrosius
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Grüter
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Hussein Bachir
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Melissa Sgodzai
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Xiomara Pedreiturria
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kalliopi Pitarokoili
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr University Bochum, St. Josef- Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Stavely R, Fraser S, Sharma S, Rahman AA, Stojanovska V, Sakkal S, Apostolopoulos V, Bertrand P, Nurgali K. The Onset and Progression of Chronic Colitis Parallels Increased Mucosal Serotonin Release via Enterochromaffin Cell Hyperplasia and Downregulation of the Serotonin Reuptake Transporter. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1021-1034. [PMID: 29668991 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been linked with several inflammation-associated intestinal diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC). The largest pool of 5-HT in the body is in enterochromaffin (EC) cells located throughout the intestinal tract. EC cells are mechanosensitive and detect noxious stimuli, inducing secretion of 5-HT, which plays an important role in enteric reflexes and immunomodulation. In this study, we evaluated intestinal 5-HT levels in the Winnie mouse model of spontaneous chronic colitis, which closely replicates UC. METHODS Real-time electrochemical recordings of 5-HT oxidation currents were obtained from ex vivo preparations of jejunum, ileum, proximal, and distal colon from Winnie (5-25 weeks old) and age matched C57BL/6 mice. EC cells were examined by immunohistochemistry, and the gene expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (5-HT synthesis) and the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) were determined by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Compression-evoked and basal 5-HT concentrations were elevated in the distal and proximal colon of Winnie mice. EC cell hyperplasia and downregulation of SERT on the transcriptional level were identified as mechanisms underlying increased levels of 5-HT. Increase in mucosal 5-HT release was observed at the onset of disease at 7-14 weeks, confirmed by disease activity scores. Furthermore, increases in 5-HT levels and progression of disease activity correlated linearly with age, but not sex. CONCLUSIONS Our findings in the Winnie mouse model of spontaneous chronic colitis demonstrate for the first time that the onset and progression of chronic UC-like intestinal inflammation is associated with increased 5-HT levels in the colonic mucosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhian Stavely
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University; Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health
| | - Sarah Fraser
- Centre for Chronic Disease; College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health
| | - Ahmed A Rahman
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University; Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vanesa Stojanovska
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University; Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Monash Health Translation Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samy Sakkal
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University; Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Centre for Chronic Disease; College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Bertrand
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University; Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Health
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Matsumoto K, Yamaba R, Inoue K, Utsumi D, Tsukahara T, Amagase K, Tominaga M, Kato S. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel regulates vascular endothelial permeability during colonic inflammation in dextran sulphate sodium-induced murine colitis. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:84-99. [PMID: 29053877 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel is a non-selective cation channel involved in physical sensing in various tissue types. The present study aimed to elucidate the function and expression of TRPV4 channels in colonic vascular endothelial cells during dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The role of TRPV4 channels in the progression of colonic inflammation was examined in a murine DSS-induced colitis model using immunohistochemical analysis, Western blotting and Evans blue dye extrusion assay. KEY RESULTS DSS-induced colitis was significantly attenuated in TRPV4-deficient (TRPV4 KO) as compared to wild-type mice. Repeated intrarectal administration of GSK1016790A, a TRPV4 agonist, exacerbated the severity of DSS-induced colitis. Bone marrow transfer experiments demonstrated the important role of TRPV4 in non-haematopoietic cells for DSS-induced colitis. DSS treatment up-regulated TRPV4 expression in the vascular endothelia of colonic mucosa and submucosa. DSS treatment increased vascular permeability, which was abolished in TRPV4 KO mice. This DSS-induced increase in vascular permeability was further enhanced by i.v. administration of GSK1016790A, and this effect was abolished by the TRPV4 antagonist RN1734. TRPV4 was co-localized with vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, and VE-cadherin expression was decreased by repeated i.v. administration of GSK1016790A during colitis. Furthermore, GSK106790A decreased VE-cadherin expression in mouse aortic endothelial cells exposed to TNF-α. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings indicate that an up-regulation of TRPV4 channels in vascular endothelial cells contributes to the progression of colonic inflammation by increasing vascular permeability. Thus, TRPV4 is an attractive target for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Riho Yamaba
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Inoue
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Utsumi
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsukahara
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kikuko Amagase
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kato
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sakai H, Yabe S, Sato K, Kai Y, Sato F, Yumoto T, Inoue Y, Narita M, Matsumoto K, Kato S, Chiba Y. ELR+
chemokine-mediated neutrophil recruitment is involved in 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 45:27-33. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Saori Yabe
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuki Kai
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Fumiaki Sato
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yumoto
- Department of Analytical Pathophysiology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuka Inoue
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Minoru Narita
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Division of Pathological Sciences; Kyoto Pharmaceutical University; Yamashina Kyoto Japan
| | - Shinichi Kato
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Division of Pathological Sciences; Kyoto Pharmaceutical University; Yamashina Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Chiba
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Sciences; School of Pharmacy; Hoshi University; Shinagawa-ku Tokyo Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Coates MD, Tekin I, Vrana KE, Mawe GM. Review article: the many potential roles of intestinal serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) signalling in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017; 46:569-580. [PMID: 28737264 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an important mediator of every major gut-related function. Recent investigations also suggest that 5-HT can influence the development and severity of inflammation within the gut, particularly in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). AIM To review the roles that the intestinal serotonin signalling system plays in gut function, with a specific focus on IBD. METHODS We reviewed manuscripts from 1952 to 2017 that investigated and discussed roles for 5-HT signalling in gastrointestinal function and IBD, as well as the influence of inflammation on 5-HT signalling elements within the gut. RESULTS Inflammation appears to affect every major element of intestinal 5-HT signalling, including 5-HT synthesis, release, receptor expression and reuptake capacity. Importantly, many studies (most utilising animal models) also demonstrate that modulation of selective serotonergic receptors (via agonism of 5-HT4 R and antagonism of 5-HT3 R) or 5-HT signal termination (via serotonin reuptake inhibitors) can alter the likelihood and severity of intestinal inflammation and/or its complicating symptoms. However, there are few human studies that have studied these relationships in a targeted manner. CONCLUSIONS Insights discussed in this review have strong potential to lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic tools to improve the management of IBD and other related disorders. Specifically, strategies that focus on modifying the activity of selective serotonin receptors and reuptake transporters in the gut could be effective for controlling disease activity and/or its associated symptoms. Further studies in humans are required, however, to more completely understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the roles of 5-HT in this setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Coates
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - I Tekin
- Neuroscience Institute, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - K E Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - G M Mawe
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Curcumin inhibits epigen and amphiregulin upregulated by 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene associated with attenuation of skin swelling. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:663-678. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
29
|
Barrenschee M, Zorenkov D, Böttner M, Lange C, Cossais F, Scharf AB, Deuschl G, Schneider SA, Ellrichmann M, Fritscher-Ravens A, Wedel T. Distinct pattern of enteric phospho-alpha-synuclein aggregates and gene expression profiles in patients with Parkinson's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:1. [PMID: 28057070 PMCID: PMC5217296 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-016-0408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (p-α-syn) containing Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neurites (LNs) are neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the central nervous system (CNS). Since they have been also demonstrated in the enteric nervous system (ENS) of PD patients, the aim of the study was to analyze enteric p-α-syn positive aggregates and intestinal gene expression. Submucosal rectal biopsies were obtained from patients with PD and controls and processed for dual-label-immunohistochemistry for p-α-syn and PGP 9.5. p-α-syn positive aggregates in nerve fibers and neuronal somata were subjected to a morphometric analysis. mRNA expression of α-syn and dopaminergic, serotonergic, VIP (vaso intestinal peptide) ergic, cholinergic, muscarinergic neurotransmitter systems were investigated using qPCR. Frequency of p-α-syn positive nerve fibers was comparable between PD and controls. Although neuronal p-α-syn positive aggregates were detectable in both groups, total number and area of p-α-syn positive aggregates were increased in PD patients as was the number of small and large sized aggregates. Increased expression of dopamine receptor D1, VIP and serotonin receptor 3A was observed in PD patients, while serotonin receptor 4 and muscarinic receptor 3 (M3R) were downregulated. M3R expression correlated negative with the number of small sized p-α-syn positive aggregates. The findings strengthen the hypothesis that the CNS pathology of increased p-α-syn in PD also applies to the ENS, if elaborated morphometry is applied and give further insights in altered intestinal gene expression in PD. Although the mere presence of p-α-syn positive aggregates in the ENS should not be regarded as a criterion for PD diagnosis, elaborated morphometric analysis of p-α-syn positive aggregates in gastrointestinal biopsies could serve as a suitable tool for in-vivo diagnosis of PD.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yamamoto M, Nishiyama M, Iizuka S, Suzuki S, Suzuki N, Aiso S, Nakahara J. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-immunoreactive signals in murine enteric glial cells. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:9752-9764. [PMID: 27956799 PMCID: PMC5124980 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the possible involvement of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in maturation of enteric glial cells (EGCs).
METHODS Immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical techniques were used to analyze EGC markers in myenteric plexus (MP) as well as cultured MP cells and EGCs using TRPV1 knockout (KO) mice.
RESULTS We detected TRPV1-immunoreactive signals in EGC in the MP of wild-type (WT) but not KO mice. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactive signals was lower at postnatal day (PD) 6 in KO mice, though the difference was not clear at PD 13 and PD 21. When MP cells were isolated and cultured from isolated longitudinal muscle-MP preparation from WT and KO mice, the yield of KO EGC was lower than that of WT EGC, while the yield of KO and WT smooth muscle cells showed no difference. Addition of BCTC, a TRPV1 antagonist, to enriched EGC culture resulted in a decrease in the protein ratio of GFAP to S100B, another EGC/astrocyte-specific marker.
CONCLUSION These results address the possibility that TRPV1 may be involved in the maturation of EGC, though further studies are necessary to validate this possibility.
Collapse
|
31
|
Matsumoto K, Takagi K, Kato A, Ishibashi T, Mori Y, Tashima K, Mitsumoto A, Kato S, Horie S. Role of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channels in visceral nociception and hypersensitivity. Exp Neurol 2016; 285:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
32
|
Abstract
The acute phase of IBD with inflamed gut and often ulcerated mucosa is clearly different from the apparently normal mucosa characteristic of IBS. However, more detailed assessment has detected immune activation, increased gut permeability, increased mucosal serotonin availability, abnormalities of enteric nerve structure and function, and dysbiosis in gut microbiota in IBS - all features seen in IBD. Furthermore, as treatments for inflammation in IBD have become more effective it is now apparent that ∼1 in 3 patients with IBD in remission from inflammation still have persistent abnormalities of sensation, motility and gut microbiota, which might cause IBS-like symptoms. This Perspective explores the overlap between IBS and IBD and their treatments, proposing future directions for research in this stimulating area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Spiller
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and The University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, E Floor West Block, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Giles Major
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and The University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, E Floor West Block, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hsu LT, Hung KY, Wu HW, Liu WW, She MP, Lee TC, Sun CH, Yu WH, Buret AG, Yu LCH. Gut-derived cholecystokinin contributes to visceral hypersensitivity via nerve growth factor-dependent neurite outgrowth. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:1594-603. [PMID: 26773283 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Irritable bowel syndrome is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits and may occur following stressful events or infectious gastroenteritis such as giardiasis. Recent findings revealed a link between cholecystokinin (CCK), neurotrophin synthesis, and intestinal hyperalgesia. The aim was to investigate the role of CCK in visceral hypersensitivity using mouse models challenged with a bout of infection with Giardia lamblia or psychological stress, either alone or in combination. METHODS Abdominal pain was evaluated by visceromoter response to colorectal distension. Nerve fibers in intestinal tissues were stained using immunohistochemistry (PGP9.5). Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells incubated with bacterial-free mouse gut supernatant or recombinant CCK-8S were assessed for neurite outgrowth and nerve growth factor (NGF) production. RESULTS Intestinal hypersensitivity was induced by either stress or Giardia infection, and a trend of increased pain was seen following dual stimuli. Increased CCK levels and PGP9.5 immunoreactivity were found in colonic mucosa of mice following stress and/or infection. Inhibitors to the CCK-A receptor (L-364718) or CCK-B receptor (L-365260) blocked visceral hypersensitivity caused by stress, but not when induced by giardiasis. Nerve fiber elongation and NGF synthesis were observed in SH-SY5Y cells after incubation with colonic supernatants from mice given the dual stimuli, or after treatment with CCK-8S. Increased nerve fiber length by colonic supernatant and CCK-8S was attenuated by L-365260 or neutralizing anti-NGF. CONCLUSIONS This new model successfully recapitulates intestinal hypernociception induced by stress or Giardia. Colonic CCK contributes to visceral hypersensitivity caused by stress, but not by Giardia, partly via NGF-dependent neurite outgrowth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Ting Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yang Hung
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Wei Wu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ping She
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chun Lee
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hung Sun
- Graduate Institute of Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsuan Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andre G Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda Chia-Hui Yu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Utsumi D, Matsumoto K, Amagase K, Horie S, Kato S. 5-HT3 receptors promote colonic inflammation via activation of substance P/neurokinin-1 receptors in dextran sulphate sodium-induced murine colitis. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:1835-49. [PMID: 26990520 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 5-HT (serotonin) regulates various physiological functions, both directly and via enteric neurons. The present study investigated the role of endogenous 5-HT and 5-HT3 receptors in the pathogenic mechanisms involved in colonic inflammation, especially in relation to substance P (SP) and the neurokinin-1 (NK1 ) receptor. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of 5-HT3 and NK1 receptor antagonists were examined in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Inflammatory mediator expression and the distribution of 5-HT3 and NK1 receptors were also determined. KEY RESULTS Daily administration of ramosetron and ondansetron (5-HT3 antagonists) dose-dependently attenuated the severity of DSS-induced colitis and up-regulation of inflammatory mediator expression. Immunohistochemical analysis showed 5-HT3 receptors are mainly expressed in vesicular ACh transporter-positive cholinergic nerve fibres in normal colon. DSS increased the number of colonic nerve fibres that were double positive for 5-HT3 receptors and SP but not of those that were double positive for 5-HT3 receptors and vesicular ACh transporter. DSS increased colonic SP levels and SP-positive nerve fibres; these responses were attenuated by ramosetron. DSS-induced colitis and up-regulation of inflammatory mediators were attenuated by aprepitant, an NK1 antagonist. Immunohistochemical studies further revealed that DSS treatment markedly increased NK1 receptor expression in CD11b-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings indicate that the 5-HT/5-HT3 receptor and SP/NK1 receptor pathways play pathogenic roles in colonic inflammation. 5-HT acts via 5-HT3 receptors to up-regulate inflammatory mediators and promote colonic inflammation. These effects may be further mediated by activation of macrophage NK1 receptors via SP released from 5-HT3 receptor-positive nerve fibres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Utsumi
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kikuko Amagase
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Syunji Horie
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kato
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Matsumoto K, Kato S, Horie S. [Transient receptor potential cation channels in visceral pain]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2015; 146:233-5. [PMID: 26656968 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.146.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
36
|
Lapointe TK, Basso L, Iftinca MC, Flynn R, Chapman K, Dietrich G, Vergnolle N, Altier C. TRPV1 sensitization mediates postinflammatory visceral pain following acute colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G87-99. [PMID: 26021808 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00421.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Quiescent phases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are often accompanied by chronic abdominal pain. Although the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel has been postulated as an important mediator of visceral hypersensitivity, its functional role in postinflammatory pain remains elusive. This study aimed at establishing the role of TRPV1 in the peripheral sensitization underlying chronic visceral pain in the context of colitis. Wild-type and TRPV1-deficient mice were separated into three groups (control, acute colitis, and recovery), and experimental colitis was induced by oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Recovery mice showed increased chemically and mechanically evoked visceral hypersensitivity 5 wk post-DSS discontinuation, at which point inflammation had completely resolved. Significant changes in nonevoked pain-related behaviors could also be observed in these animals, indicative of persistent discomfort. These behavioral changes correlated with elevated colonic levels of substance P (SP) and TRPV1 in recovery mice, thus leading to the hypothesis that SP could sensitize TRPV1 function. In vitro experiments revealed that prolonged exposure to SP could indeed sensitize capsaicin-evoked currents in both cultured neurons and TRPV1-transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells, a mechanism that involved TRPV1 ubiquitination and subsequent accumulation at the plasma membrane. Importantly, although TRPV1-deficient animals experienced similar disease severity and pain as wild-type mice in the acute phase of colitis, TRPV1 deletion prevented the development of postinflammatory visceral hypersensitivity and pain-associated behaviors. Collectively, our results suggest that chronic exposure of colon-innervating primary afferents to SP could sensitize TRPV1 and thus participate in the establishment of persistent abdominal pain following acute inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamia K Lapointe
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lilian Basso
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse, France; and Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - Mircea C Iftinca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robyn Flynn
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kevin Chapman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gilles Dietrich
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse, France; and Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Vergnolle
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse, France; and Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Altier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestine is known to contain enteric neuronal progenitors, but their precise identity and the mechanisms that activate them remain unknown. Based on the evidence for the neurogenic role of serotonin (5-HT) in the postnatal gut and the observation of enteric neuronal hyperplasia in inflammatory bowel disease, we hypothesized that colitis induces a neurogenic response through 5-HT4 receptor signaling. METHODS We examined the effects of 5-HT4 agonism on colonic neurogenesis and gliogenesis in vitro and in vivo in adult mice using dextran sodium sulfate to experimentally induce colitis. RESULTS In vitro, 5-HT4 agonism led to increased neuronal proliferation and density. Induction of experimental colitis in vivo similarly resulted in increased numbers of myenteric neurons, and this was inhibited by 5-HT4 antagonism. Interestingly, both in vitro and in vivo, 5-HT4 signaling increased glial cell proliferation but did not increase glial cell numbers, leading us to hypothesize that glia may give rise to neurons. After induction of colitis in normal, Nestin-GFP and Sox2-GFP transgenic mice, it was revealed that multiple glial markers (Sox2, Nestin, and CD49b) became strongly expressed by enteric neurons. Immunoselected enteric glia were found to give rise to neurons in culture, and this was inhibited in the presence of 5-HT4 blockade. Finally, isolated glia gave rise to a neuronal network upon transplantation into aganglionic embryonic avian hindgut. CONCLUSIONS These results show that colitis promotes enteric neurogenesis in the adult colon through a serotonin-dependent mechanism that drives glial cells to transdifferentiate into neurons.
Collapse
|
38
|
Matsumoto K. [Immunohistochemical analysis of altered serotonin signaling and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channels in experimental colitis mice]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2014; 134:1165-70. [PMID: 25366913 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.14-00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary afferent nerve fibers are highly associated with visceral hypersensitivity state of inflammatory bowel disease. Hypersensitivity of afferent fibers occurs during inflammation, and therefore to gain insight into the alteration of receptors and channels, we examined receptors such as 5-HT receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), which are expressed in primary afferent neurons. The current study was designed to investigate the time-dependent dynamic changes of 5-HT3 receptors, 5-HT4 receptors, TRPV1 channels, and 5-HT regulatory factors in DSS-induced colitis model mice. Colitis was induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) solution given as drinking water in C57BL/6J mice. Immunohistochemical analysis and visceromotor responses to colorectal distension were measured during induction of DSS colitis (day 0, 4 and 7). Progress of the inflammation led to down regulation of serotonin transporter immunoreactivities with concomitant increases in 5-HT and tryptophan hydroxylase-1 positive cell numbers. TRPV1-expressing nerve fibers gradually increased during DSS treatment. Abundant non-neuronal TRPV1-immunopositive cell like structure was observed on day 7 of DSS treatment, but not on day 4. The number of 5-HT3 receptor-expressing nerve fibers increased in mucosa on day 7. On the other hand, 5-HT4 receptor-expressing nerve fibers decreased on day 7. TRPV1 antagonist and 5-HT3 receptor antagonist attenuated the visceral hyperalgesia to control level in the DSS-induced colitis model. We made the novel observations of increased neuronal/non-neuronal TRPV1 channel and 5-HT3 receptor expression, and decreased 5-HT4 receptor expression in mucosa. Moreover, we show that a correlation existed between the mucosal changes and visceral hypersensitivity in experimental colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is innervated by several distinct populations of neurons, whose cell bodies either reside within (intrinsic) or outside (extrinsic) the gastrointestinal wall. Normally, most individuals are unaware of the continuous, complicated functions of these neurons. However, for patients with gastrointestinal disorders, such as IBD and IBS, altered gastrointestinal motility, discomfort and pain are common, debilitating symptoms. Although bouts of intestinal inflammation underlie the symptoms associated with IBD, increasing preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that infection and inflammation are also key risk factors for the development of other gastrointestinal disorders. Notably, a strong correlation exists between prior exposure to gut infection and symptom occurrence in IBS. This Review discusses the evidence for neuroplasticity (structural, synaptic or intrinsic changes that alter neuronal function) affecting gastrointestinal function. Such changes are evident during inflammation and, in many cases, long after healing of the damaged tissues, when the nervous system fails to reset back to normal. Neuroplasticity within distinct populations of neurons has a fundamental role in the aberrant motility, secretion and sensation associated with common clinical gastrointestinal disorders. To find appropriate therapeutic treatments for these disorders, the extent and time course of neuroplasticity must be fully appreciated.
Collapse
|
40
|
Kun J, Szitter I, Kemény Á, Perkecz A, Kereskai L, Pohóczky K, Vincze Á, Gódi S, Szabó I, Szolcsányi J, Pintér E, Helyes Z. Upregulation of the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 ion channel in the inflamed human and mouse colon and its protective roles. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108164. [PMID: 25265225 PMCID: PMC4180273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels are localized on sensory nerves and several non-neural cells, but data on their functional significance are contradictory. We analysed the presence and alterations of TRPA1 in comparison with TRP Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) at mRNA and protein levels in human and mouse intact and inflamed colons. The role of TRPA1 in a colitis model was investigated using gene-deficient mice. TRPA1 and TRPV1 expressions were investigated in human colon biopsies of healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD: ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) with quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. Mouse colitis was induced by oral 2% dextran-sulphate (DSS) for 10 days. For investigating the functions of TRPA1, Disease Activity Index (weight loss, stool consistency, blood content) was determined in C57BL/6-based Trpa1-deficient (knockout: KO) and wildtype (WT) mice. Sensory neuropeptides, their receptors, and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were determined with qPCR or Luminex. In human and mouse colons TRPA1 and TRPV1 are located on epithelial cells, macrophages, enteric ganglia. Significant upregulation of TRPA1 mRNA was detected in inflamed samples. In Trpa1 KO mice, Disease Activity Index was significantly higher compared to WTs. It could be explained by the greater levels of substance P, neurokinins A and B, neurokinin 1 receptor, pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and also interleukin-1beta, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, monokine induced by gamma interferon-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and B-lymphocyte chemoattractant in the distal colon. TRPA1 is upregulated in colitis and its activation exerts protective roles by decreasing the expressions of several proinflammatory neuropeptides, cytokines and chemokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- József Kun
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Szitter
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anikó Perkecz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kereskai
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Pohóczky
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Áron Vincze
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Gódi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Imre Szabó
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - János Szolcsányi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Matsumoto K, Hosoya T, Ishikawa E, Tashima K, Amagase K, Kato S, Murayama T, Horie S. Distribution of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1-expressing nerve fibers in mouse esophagus. Histochem Cell Biol 2014; 142:635-44. [PMID: 25002127 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-014-1246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) plays a role in esophageal function. However, the distribution of TRPV1 nerve fibers in the esophagus is currently not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of TRPV1 and neurotransmitters released from TRPV1 nerve fibers in the mouse lower esophagus. Furthermore, we investigated changes in the presence of TRPV1 in the mouse model of esophagitis. Numerous TRPV1-immunoreactive nerve fibers were seen in both the submucosal layer and myenteric plexus of the lower esophagus and colocalized with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). TRPV1 colocalized with substance P in axons in the submucosal layer and myenteric plexus. TRPV1 colocalized with neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the myenteric plexus. We observed some colocalization of CGRP with the vesicular acetylcholine (ACh) transporter, packaging of ACh into synaptic vesicles after its synthesis in terminal cytoplasm, in the submucosal layer and myenteric plexus. In the esophagitis model, the number of the TRPV1 nerve fibers did not change, but their immunoreactive intensity increased compared with sham-operated mice. Inhibitory effect of exogenous capsaicin on electrically stimulated twitch contraction significantly increased in esophagitis model compared with the effect in sham-operated mice. Overall, these results suggest that TRPV1 nerve fibers projecting to both the submucosal and muscle layer of the esophagus are extrinsic spinal and vagal afferent neurons. Furthermore, TRPV1 nerve fibers contain CGRP, substance P, nitric oxide, and ACh. Therefore, acid influx-mediated TRPV1 activation may play a role in regulating esophageal relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gregory NS, Sluka KA. Anatomical and physiological factors contributing to chronic muscle pain. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2014; 20:327-48. [PMID: 24633937 PMCID: PMC4294469 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2014_294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic muscle pain remains a significant source of suffering and disability despite the adoption of pharmacologic and physical therapies. Muscle pain is mediated by free nerve endings distributed through the muscle along arteries. These nerves project to the superficial dorsal horn and are transmitted primarily through the spinothalamic tract to several cortical and subcortical structures, some of which are more active during the processing of muscle pain than other painful conditions. Mechanical forces, ischemia, and inflammation are the primary stimuli for muscle pain, which is reflected in the array of peripheral receptors contributing to muscle pain-ASIC, P2X, and TRP channels. Sensitization of peripheral receptors and of central pain processing structures are both critical for the development and maintenance of chronic muscle pain. Further, variations in peripheral receptors and central structures contribute to the significantly greater prevalence of chronic muscle pain in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Gregory
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Iowa, 3144 Med Labs, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA,
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Matsumoto K, Nakajima T, Sakai H, Kato S, Sagara A, Arakawa K, Tashima K, Narita M, Horie S. Increased expression of 5-HT3 and NK 1 receptors in 5-fluorouracil-induced mucositis in mouse jejunum. Dig Dis Sci 2013; 58:3440-51. [PMID: 23695873 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-013-2709-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used as chemotherapy agent, severe mucositis develops in approximately 80% of patients. 5-FU-induced small intestinal mucositis can cause nausea and vomiting. The current study was designed to investigate peripheral alterations due to the 5-FU-induced mucositis of neuronal and non-neuronal 5-HT3 and NK1 receptor expression by immunohistochemical analysis. METHODS 5-FU was administered by i.p. injection to C57BL/6 mice. After 4 days, segments of the jejunum were removed. The specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS The numbers of 5-HT3 receptor immunopositive cells and nerve fibers in mucosa were increased by 5-FU treatment. The 5-HT3 receptor immunopositive cell bodies were found only in jejunal submucosa and myenteric plexus in the 5-FU-treated mice. The numbers of NK1 receptor cells in mucosa and immunopositive expression of NK1 receptors in deep muscular plexus were dramatically increased in 5-FU-treated mice. Real-time PCR demonstrated that 5-FU treatment significantly increased mRNA levels of 5-HT3A, 5-HT3B, and NK1 receptors. The amounts of 5-HT and substance P increased after 5-FU treatment. The 5-HT3 or NK1 receptor immunopositive cells colocalized with both 5-HT and substance P. Furthermore, 5-HT3 and NK1 receptors colocalized with CD11b. CONCLUSIONS The 5-HT3 and NK1 immunopositive macrophages and mucosal mast cells in lamina propria release 5-HT and substance P, which in turn activate their corresponding receptors on mucosal cells in autocrine and paracrine manners. It is assumed to result in the release of 5-HT and substance P in mucosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Moynes DM, Lucas GH, Beyak MJ, Lomax AE. Effects of inflammation on the innervation of the colon. Toxicol Pathol 2013; 42:111-7. [PMID: 24159054 DOI: 10.1177/0192623313505929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease lead to altered gastrointestinal (GI) function as a consequence of the effects of inflammation on the tissues that comprise the GI tract. Among these tissues are several types of neurons that detect the state of the GI tract, transmit pain, and regulate functions such as motility, secretion, and blood flow. This review article describes the structure and function of the enteric nervous system, which is embedded within the gut wall, the sympathetic motor innervation of the colon and the extrinsic afferent innervation of the colon, and considers the evidence that colitis alters these important sensory and motor systems. These alterations may contribute to the pain and altered bowel habits that accompany IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek M Moynes
- 1Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) has been recognized for decades as an important signalling molecule in the gut, but it is still revealing its secrets. Novel gastrointestinal functions of 5-HT continue to be discovered, as well as distant actions of gut-derived 5-HT, and we are learning how 5-HT signalling is altered in gastrointestinal disorders. Conventional functions of 5-HT involving intrinsic reflexes include stimulation of propulsive and segmentation motility patterns, epithelial secretion and vasodilation. Activation of extrinsic vagal and spinal afferent fibres results in slowed gastric emptying, pancreatic secretion, satiation, pain and discomfort, as well as nausea and vomiting. Within the gut, 5-HT also exerts nonconventional actions such as promoting inflammation and serving as a trophic factor to promote the development and maintenance of neurons and interstitial cells of Cajal. Platelet 5-HT, originating in the gut, promotes haemostasis, influences bone development and serves many other functions. 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and 5-HT4 receptor agonists have been used to treat functional disorders with diarrhoea or constipation, respectively, and the synthetic enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase has also been targeted. Emerging evidence suggests that exploiting epithelial targets with nonabsorbable serotonergic agents could provide safe and effective therapies. We provide an overview of these serotonergic actions and treatment strategies.
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang X, Liang H, Zhou C, Xu M, Xu L. Sensitization induces hypersensitivity in trigeminal nerve. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1638-42. [PMID: 23106664 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X. Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery; Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - H. Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery; Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - C. Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery; Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - M. Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery; Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| | - L. Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery; Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University; Chongqing; China
| |
Collapse
|