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Kashani B, Zandi Z, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Yousefi AM, Ghaffari SH, Bashash D. The PI3K signaling pathway; from normal lymphopoiesis to lymphoid malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:493-512. [PMID: 38690706 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2350629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a vital mechanism of survival, lymphopoiesis requires the collaboration of different signaling molecules to orchestrate each step of cell development and maturation. The PI3K pathway is considerably involved in the maturation of lymphatic cells and therefore, its dysregulation can immensely affect human well-being and cause some of the most prevalent malignancies. As a result, studies that investigate this pathway could pave the way for a better understanding of the lymphopoiesis mechanisms, the undesired changes that lead to cancer progression, and how to design drugs to solve this issue. AREAS COVERED The present review addresses the aforementioned aspects of the PI3K pathway and helps pave the way for future therapeutic approaches. In order to access the articles, databases such as Medicine Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were utilized. The search formula was established by identifying main keywords including PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, Lymphopoiesis, Lymphoid malignancies, and inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION The PI3K pathway is crucial for lymphocyte development and differentiation, making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention in lymphoid cancers. Studies are focused on developing PI3K inhibitors to impede the progression of hematologic malignancies, highlighting the pathway's significance in lymphoma and lymphoid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Kashani
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, School of Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zandi
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, School of Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, School of Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bayraktar R, Fontana B, Calin GA, Nemeth K. miRNA Biology in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Semin Hematol 2024; 61:181-193. [PMID: 38724414 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial regulatory role in fundamental biological processes and have been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. The first evidence of the cancer-related function of miRNAs was discovered in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in the early 2000s. Alterations in miRNA expression have since been shown to strongly influence the clinical course, prognosis, and response to treatment in patients with CLL. Therefore, the identification of specific miRNA alterations not only enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CLL but also holds promise for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge and recent insights into miRNA dysregulation in CLL, emphasizing its pivotal roles in disease progression, including the development of the lethal Richter syndrome, and to provide an update on the latest translational research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Bayraktar
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Beatrice Fontana
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - George A Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; The RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kinga Nemeth
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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Zmorzynski S, Kimicka-Szajwaj A, Szajwaj A, Czerwik-Marcinkowska J, Wojcierowski J. Genetic Changes in Mastocytes and Their Significance in Mast Cell Tumor Prognosis and Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:137. [PMID: 38275618 PMCID: PMC10815783 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cell tumors are a large group of diseases occurring in dogs, cats, mice, as well as in humans. Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a disease involving the accumulation of mast cells in organs. KIT gene mutations are very often seen in abnormal mast cells. In SM, high KIT/CD117 expression is observed; however, there are usually no KIT gene mutations present. Mastocytoma (MCT)-a form of cutaneous neoplasm-is common in animals but quite rare in humans. KIT/CD117 receptor mutations were studied as the typical changes for human mastocytosis. In 80% of human cases, the KIT gene substitution p.D816H was present. In about 25% of MCTs, metastasis was observed. Changes in the gene expression of certain genes, such as overexpression of the DNAJ3A3 gene, promote metastasis. In contrast, the SNORD93 gene blocks the expression of metastasis genes. The panel of miR-21-5p, miR-379, and miR-885 has a good efficiency in discriminating healthy and MCT-affected dogs, as well as MCT-affected dogs with and without nodal metastasis. Further studies on the pathobiology of mast cells can lead to clinical improvements, such as better MCT diagnosis and treatment. Our paper reviews studies on the topic of mast cells, which have been carried out over the past few years.
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Xia J, Bu C, Zhang B, Wang X, Chen Y, Li T. The emerging role of microRNA-22 in the Leukemia: experimental and clinical implications. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:12. [PMID: 38085373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08922-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs, approximately 20-24 nucleotides long that negatively regulate gene expression by either inhibiting translation or cleaving complementary mRNA to participate in various biological processes. Accumulating evidence has indicated that miRNAs are widely present in hematological cancers, particularly leukemia, exhibiting either upregulation or downregulation in leukemia patients compared with healthy controls. These miRNAs have a pivotal role in the development, progression and metastasis of leukemia, as well as in the prognosis and/or relapse of patients. miR-22 is one of the abnormally expressed miRNAs in a variety of leukemia diseases, and is considered to be one of the few cancer suppressors. Recent research has demonstrated that miR-22 is involved in the regulation of leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and could be a promising biomarker and prognostic indicator for leukemia. Here, we summarize all relevant findings that carry out experimental investigation and clinical analyses, aiming to elucidate the comprehensive implications of miR-22 in various types of leukemia for the development of new therapeutic and prognostic strategies and new drug targets for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaozhi Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Xingqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuejuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
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Lees J, Hay J, Moles MW, Michie AM. The discrete roles of individual FOXO transcription factor family members in B-cell malignancies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1179101. [PMID: 37275916 PMCID: PMC10233034 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1179101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) class O (FOXO) proteins are a dynamic family of transcription factors composed of four family members: FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4 and FOXO6. As context-dependent transcriptional activators and repressors, the FOXO family regulates diverse cellular processes including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, metabolism, longevity and cell fate determination. A central pathway responsible for negative regulation of FOXO activity is the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signalling pathway, enabling cell survival and proliferation. FOXO family members can be further regulated by distinct kinases, both positively (e.g., JNK, AMPK) and negatively (e.g., ERK-MAPK, CDK2), with additional post-translational modifications further impacting on FOXO activity. Evidence has suggested that FOXOs behave as 'bona fide' tumour suppressors, through transcriptional programmes regulating several cellular behaviours including cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, an alternative paradigm has emerged which indicates that FOXOs operate as mediators of cellular homeostasis and/or resistance in both 'normal' and pathophysiological scenarios. Distinct FOXO family members fulfil discrete roles during normal B cell maturation and function, and it is now clear that FOXOs are aberrantly expressed and mutated in discrete B-cell malignancies. While active FOXO function is generally associated with disease suppression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia for example, FOXO expression is associated with disease progression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma, an observation also seen in other cancers. The opposing functions of the FOXO family drives the debate about the circumstances in which FOXOs favour or hinder disease progression, and whether targeting FOXO-mediated processes would be effective in the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Here, we discuss the disparate roles of FOXO family members in B lineage cells, the regulatory events that influence FOXO function focusing mainly on post-translational modifications, and consider the potential for future development of therapies that target FOXO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alison M. Michie
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Sevcikova A, Fridrichova I, Nikolaieva N, Kalinkova L, Omelka R, Martiniakova M, Ciernikova S. Clinical Significance of microRNAs in Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092658. [PMID: 37174123 PMCID: PMC10177548 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are a group of neoplastic conditions that can develop from any stage of the hematopoiesis cascade. Small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Mounting evidence highlights the role of miRNAs in malignant hematopoiesis via the regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors involved in proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. In this review, we provide current knowledge about dysregulated miRNA expression in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies. We summarize data about the clinical utility of aberrant miRNA expression profiles in hematologic cancer patients and their associations with diagnosis, prognosis, and the monitoring of treatment response. Moreover, we will discuss the emerging role of miRNAs in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and severe post-HSCT complications, such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The therapeutical potential of the miRNA-based approach in hemato-oncology will be outlined, including studies with specific antagomiRs, mimetics, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Since hematologic malignancies represent a full spectrum of disorders with different treatment paradigms and prognoses, the potential use of miRNAs as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers might lead to improvements, resulting in a more accurate diagnosis and better patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Sevcikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Fridrichova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nataliia Nikolaieva
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Kalinkova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radoslav Omelka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Monika Martiniakova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Sona Ciernikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Cui S, Chen Y, Guo Y, Wang X, Chen D. Hsa-miR-22-3p inhibits liver cancer cell EMT and cell migration/ invasion by indirectly regulating SPRY2. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281536. [PMID: 36749775 PMCID: PMC9904474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The general mechanism for microRNAs to play biological function is through their inhibition on the expression of their target genes. In cancer, microRNAs may accelerate cell senescence, block angiogenesis, decrease energy supplies, repress tumor cell cycle and promote apoptosis to function as the tumor repressors. On the other hand, microRNAs can modulate tumor suppressor molecules to activate oncogene relevant signaling pathway to initiate tumorigenesis and promote tumor progression. By targeting different genes, miR-22 can function as either a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter in different types of cancer. In liver cancer, miR-22 mainly functions as a tumor suppressor via its regulation on different genes. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-22 indirectly regulates SPRY2 by inhibiting CBL, an E3 ligase for SPRY2 that has been confirmed. As one of the modulators of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) signaling pathway, SPRY2 plays important roles in many developmental and physiological processes, and its deregulation has been reported in different types of cancer and shown to affect cancer development, progression, and metastasis. By inhibiting the expression of CBL, which stabilizes SPRY2, miR-22 indirectly upregulates SPRY2, thereby suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and invasion and decreasing the expression of liver cancer stem cell (CSC) marker genes. The inhibitory effects of miR-22 on EMT, cell migration, and invasion can be blocked by the knockdown of SPRY2 expression in miR-22 overexpressing cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that miR-22 expression inhibits the ERK signaling pathway and that this effect is due to its upregulation of SPRY2. Overall, our study revealed a novel miR-22-3p/CBL/SPRY2/ERK axis that plays an important role in EMT, cell migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yunfei Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dahu Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
- * E-mail:
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Xia J, Xu D, Qin Y, Wan F, Ren Y, Bu C, Li T. Meta-analysis of the Prognostic Value of microRNA-22 in Leukemia Patients. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231212309. [PMID: 37942522 PMCID: PMC10637174 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231212309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The pathogenesis of leukemia is complex and there are no effective diagnostic and prognostic indicators. Previous studies showed that microRNA-22 (miR-22) has altered expression level in multiple leukemia subtypes, which is associated with the survival outcomes of leukemia. Methods: According to the constituted retrieval strategy, eligible studies were included from January 2010 to November 2022 by searching database. The pooled Risk Ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to study the relationship between miR-22 and survival. Stata12.0 was used for meta-analysis. Differential expression analysis was conducted based on expression profile of miRNA. Results: Four English articles were included containing a total of 215 leukemia patients. Data showed that the pooled RR for overall survival (OS) was 1.558 (95% CI: 1.197-2.028, P < .01). Subgroup analysis for OS of acute myeloid leukemia patients and the RFS of plasma cell leukemia patients were statistically significant with different expression levels of miR-22 (RR:1.495, 95%CI:1.141-1.958, P < .01 and RR:1.517, 95%CI:1.114-2.065, P < .01, respectively). Moreover, all data included had no significant heterogeneity and publication bias. Conclusions: miR-22 is associated with the survival outcome of leukemia patients suggesting that miR-22 may be a promising prognostic biomarker for this patient population, and the expression level of miR-22 in ALL patients down-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daming Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanling Qin
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Faguang Wan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yongwei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chaozhi Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Gjorgjieva M, Ay AS, Correia de Sousa M, Delangre E, Dolicka D, Sobolewski C, Maeder C, Fournier M, Sempoux C, Foti M. MiR-22 Deficiency Fosters Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Fatty Liver. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182860. [PMID: 36139435 PMCID: PMC9496902 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-22 is mostly considered as a hepatic tumor-suppressor microRNA based on in vitro analyses. Yet, whether miR-22 exerts a tumor-suppressive function in the liver has not been investigated in vivo. Herein, in silico analyses of miR-22 expression were performed in hepatocellular carcinomas from human patient cohorts and different mouse models. Diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinomas were then investigated in lean and diet-induced obese miR-22-deficient mice. The proteome of liver tissues from miR-22-deficient mice prior to hepatocellular carcinoma development was further analyzed to uncover miR-22 regulated factors that impact hepatocarcinogenesis with miR-22 deficiency. MiR-22 downregulation was consistently observed in hepatocellular carcinomas from all human cohorts and mouse models investigated. The time of appearance of the first tumors was decreased and the number of tumoral foci induced by diethylnitrosamine was significantly increased by miR-22-deficiency in vivo, two features which were further drastically exacerbated with diet-induced obesity. At the molecular level, we provide evidence that the loss of miR-22 significantly affects the energetic metabolism and mitochondrial functions of hepatocytes, and the expression of tumor-promoting factors such as thrombospondin-1. Our study demonstrates that miR-22 acts as a hepatic tumor suppressor in vivo by restraining pro-carcinogenic metabolic deregulations through pleiotropic mechanisms and the overexpression of relevant oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gjorgjieva
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Sophie Ay
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Correia de Sousa
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Delangre
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dobrochna Dolicka
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christine Maeder
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margot Fournier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christine Sempoux
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michelangelo Foti
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Centre in Onco-Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Potential therapeutic applications of microRNAs in cancer diagnosis and treatment: Sharpening a double-edged sword? Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 932:175210. [PMID: 35981607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of increased morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Lack of early detection and diagnosis of different cancers and adverse effects and toxicity associated with conventional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, remains a problem. MicroRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in different types of cancers. Their distinct gene expression in various stages and types of cancerous cells make them attractive targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy. The growing research and clinical interests in gene therapy and nano-drug delivery systems have led to the development of potential miRNA-targeted treatments encompassing miRNA mimics, antagonists, and their use in cancer chemotherapy sensitization. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in understanding the role of miRNAs in cancer development and their potential use as biomarkers in clinical diagnostics and as targets in chemotherapy of cancer.
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Sbirkov Y, Vergov B, Mehterov N, Sarafian V. miRNAs in Lymphocytic Leukaemias-The miRror of Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094657. [PMID: 35563051 PMCID: PMC9103677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory disease and relapse remain the main causes of cancer therapy failure. Refined risk stratification, treatment regimens and improved early diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease have increased cure rates in malignancies like childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) to 90%. Nevertheless, overall survival in the context of drug resistance remains poor. The regulatory role of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in cell differentiation, homeostasis and tumorigenesis has been under extensive investigation in different cancers. There is accumulating data demonstrating the significance of miRNAs for therapy outcomes in lymphoid malignancies and some direct demonstrations of the interplay between these small molecules and drug response. Here, we summarise miRNAs' impact on chemotherapy resistance in adult and paediatric ALL and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The main focus of this review is on the modulation of particular signaling pathways like PI3K-AKT, transcription factors such as NF-κB, and apoptotic mediators, all of which are bona fide and pivotal elements orchestrating the survival of malignant lymphocytic cells. Finally, we discuss the attractive strategy of using mimics, antimiRs and other molecular approaches pointing at miRNAs as promising therapeutic targets. Such novel strategies to circumvent ALL and CLL resistance networks may potentially improve patients' responses and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan Sbirkov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Bozhidar Vergov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
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Rong Y, Yang H, Xu H, Li S, Wang P, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Tang B, Zhu J, Hu Z. Bioinformatic Analysis Reveals Hub Immune-Related Genes of Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Front Surg 2022; 9:878965. [PMID: 35449555 PMCID: PMC9016148 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.878965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a complex and devastating complication of diabetes mellitus that are usually stagnant in the inflammatory phase. However, oral wound healing, which is characterized by a rapid and scarless healing process, is regarded an ideal model of wound healing. Thus, we performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the previously published data regarding oral ulcers and DFUs and found that compared to oral wound healing, the activated pathways of DFUs were enriched in cellular metabolism-related pathways but lacked the activation of inflammatory and immune-related pathways. We also found that CXCL11, DDX60, IFI44, and IFI44L were remarkable nodes since they had the most connections with other members of the module. Meanwhile, CXCL10, IRF7, and DDX58 together formed a closed-loop relationship and occupied central positions in the entire network. The real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot was applied to validate the gene expression of the hub immune-related genes in the DFU tissues, it was found that CXCL11, IFI44, IFI44L, CXCL10 and IRF7 have a significant difference compared with normal wound tissues. Our research reveals some novel potential immune-related biomarkers and provides new insights into the molecular basis of this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Rong
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Xu
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenkai Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Bing Tang
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Tang
| | - Jiayuan Zhu
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Jiayuan Zhu
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Zhicheng Hu
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13
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TGF-β/SMAD Pathway Is Modulated by miR-26b-5p: Another Piece in the Puzzle of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071676. [PMID: 35406446 PMCID: PMC8997107 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary TGF-β is a key immunoregulatory pathway that can limit the proliferation of B-lymphocytes. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been historically conceptualized as a neoplasm characterized by accumulation of mature B cells escaping programmed cell death and undergoing cell-cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. However, new evidence indicates that tumor expansion is in fact a dynamic process in which cell proliferation also plays an important role. In general, cancers progress by the emergence of subclones with genomic aberrations distinct from the initial tumor. Often, these subclones are selected for advantages in cell survival and/or growth. Here, we provide novel evidence to explain, at least in part, the origins of CLL progression in a subgroup of patients with a poor clinical outcome. In this cohort, the immunoregulatory pathway TGF-β/SMAD is modulated by miR-26b-5p and the impairment of this axis bypasses cell cycle arrest in CLL cells facilitating disease progression. Abstract Clinical and molecular heterogeneity are hallmarks of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a neoplasm characterized by accumulation of mature and clonal long-lived CD5 + B-lymphocytes. Mutational status of the IgHV gene of leukemic clones is a powerful prognostic tool in CLL, and it is well established that unmutated CLLs (U-CLLs) have worse evolution than mutated cases. Nevertheless, progression and treatment requirement of patients can evolve independently from the mutational status. Microenvironment signaling or epigenetic changes partially explain this different behavior. Thus, we think that detailed characterization of the miRNAs landscape from patients with different clinical evolution could facilitate the understanding of this heterogeneity. Since miRNAs are key players in leukemia pathogenesis and evolution, we aim to better characterize different CLL behaviors by comparing the miRNome of clinically progressive U-CLLs vs. stable U-CLLs. Our data show up-regulation of miR-26b-5p, miR-106b-5p, and miR-142-5p in progressive cases and indicate a key role for miR-26b-5p during CLL progression. Specifically, up-regulation of miR-26b-5p in CLL cells blocks TGF-β/SMAD pathway by down-modulation of SMAD-4, resulting in lower expression of p21−Cip1 kinase inhibitor and higher expression of c-Myc oncogene. This work describes a new molecular mechanism linking CLL progression with TGF-β modulation and proposes an alternative strategy to explore in CLL therapy.
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14
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Bagheri M, Sarabi PZ, Mondanizadeh M. The role of miRNAs as a big master regulator of signaling pathways involved in lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2128-2139. [PMID: 35315068 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to small noncoding RNAs, which have long attracted researchers' attention because of their potency in acting either as oncogenes or tumor-suppressors in cancers. acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are two known types of leukemia with high mortality rates in adults and children. On a molecular basis, various signaling pathways are active in both types, making researchers consider the potential role of miRNAs in activating or suppressing these pathways to further hinder cancer development. In this review, we summarized the potential miRNAs, especially circulating ones, involved in essential signaling pathways in the ALL and CLL patients which serve as biomarkers and valuable targets in the treatment fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Parisa Zia Sarabi
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mondanizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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15
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Gomes LC, Resende RR, Parreira RC, Ferreira CN, Reis EA, Duarte RCF, Alves LCV, Araújo SSDS, Carvalho MDG, Sabino ADP. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): evaluation of AKT protein kinase and microRNA gene expression related to disease pathogenesis. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Akbarzadeh M, Mihanfar A, Akbarzadeh S, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. Crosstalk between miRNA and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in cancer. Life Sci 2021; 285:119984. [PMID: 34592229 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is one of the most important proliferative signaling pathways with critical undeniable function in various aspects of cancer initiation/progression, including proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. On the other hand, numerous genetic alterations in the key genes involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway have been identified in multiple solid and hematological tumors. In addition, accumulating recent evidences have demonstrated a reciprocal interaction between this signaling pathway and microRNAs, a large group of small non-coding RNAs. Therefore, in this review, it was attempted to discuss about the interaction between key components of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway with various miRNAs and their importance in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Department of biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Department of biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shabnam Akbarzadeh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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17
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Kashani B, Zandi Z, Kaveh V, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Ghaffari SH, Bashash D. Small molecules with huge impacts: the role of miRNA-regulated PI3K pathway in human malignancies. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:8045-8059. [PMID: 34689281 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Along with evolution, a considerable number of signaling cascades have evolved within cells to meet their multifaceted needs. Among transmitting molecules, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have teamed up to build a signaling axis that effectively regulates various cellular processes including cell proliferation and migration. Given the extensive output of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis, its aberrancy could subsequently lead to the formation of a wide range of human cancers spanning from hematologic malignancies to different types of solid tumors. Despite the high frequency of the PI3K pathway over-activation in most malignancies, mutations in the DNA sequence are not equally common. Such incompatibility sheds light on the possible effects of post-translational modification mechanisms that may take control of this pathway, some of the most important ones of which are through microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs). The present review is designed to take off the veil from the regulatory role of these small non-coding RNAs on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Kashani
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zandi
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Kaveh
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Huang J, Xiao R, Wang X, Khadka B, Fang Z, Yu M, Zhang L, Wu J, Liu J. MicroRNA‑93 knockdown inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell growth via inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway by upregulating DAB2. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:81. [PMID: 34476495 PMCID: PMC8448547 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with a poor prognosis in elderly adults and currently lacks optimal treatment strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have increasingly been reported to be associated with AML progression; however, the mechanisms of action of miR-93 in AML with the involvement of disabled 2 (DAB2) are currently unknown. In the present study, miR-93 expression was assessed in patients with AML and in AML cell lines. The association between miR-93 expression and the pathological characteristics of patients with AML was analyzed. AML cells were then transfected to knockdown or overexpress miR-93 in order to elucidate its function in AML progression. The target gene of miR-93 was assessed using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression levels of miR-93, DAB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway-related proteins were measured and in vivo experiments were conducted to confirm the results. It was observed that miR-93 was highly expressed in patients with AML and in AML cells. The knockdown of miR-93 in HL-60 cells inhibited AML cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis, while the overexpression of miR-93 in THP-1 cells led to contrasting results. Moreover, miR-93 targeted DAB2 to inactivate the PI3K/AKT pathway, and the overexpression of DAB2 reversed the effects of miR-93 on THP-1 cell growth. Tumor volume, tumor weight, and the positive expression of Ki67, survivin and p53 were increased in THP-1 cells overexpressing miR-93. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that miR-93 is highly expressed in AML cells, and that the suppression of miR-93 inhibits AML cell growth by targeting DAB2 and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ruozhi Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhen Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Bijay Khadka
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Fang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Mingxue Yu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Jieying Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Jiajun Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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19
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Morande PE, Yan XJ, Sepulveda J, Seija N, Marquez ME, Sotelo N, Abreu C, Crispo M, Fernández-Graña G, Rego N, Bois T, Methot SP, Palacios F, Remedi V, Rai KR, Buschiazzo A, Di Noia JM, Navarrete MA, Chiorazzi N, Oppezzo P. AID overexpression leads to aggressive murine CLL and nonimmunoglobulin mutations that mirror human neoplasms. Blood 2021; 138:246-258. [PMID: 34292322 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cancers become more dangerous by the outgrowth of malignant subclones with additional DNA mutations that favor proliferation or survival. Using chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a disease that exemplifies this process and is a model for neoplasms in general, we created transgenic mice overexpressing the enzyme activation-induced deaminase (AID), which has a normal function of inducing DNA mutations in B lymphocytes. AID not only allows normal B lymphocytes to develop more effective immunoglobulin-mediated immunity, but is also able to mutate nonimmunoglobulin genes, predisposing to cancer. In CLL, AID expression correlates with poor prognosis, suggesting a role for this enzyme in disease progression. Nevertheless, direct experimental evidence identifying the specific genes that are mutated by AID and indicating that those genes are associated with disease progression is not available. To address this point, we overexpressed Aicda in a murine model of CLL (Eμ-TCL1). Analyses of TCL1/AID mice demonstrate a role for AID in disease kinetics, CLL cell proliferation, and the development of cancer-related target mutations with canonical AID signatures in nonimmunoglobulin genes. Notably, our mouse models can accumulate mutations in the same genes that are mutated in human cancers. Moreover, some of these mutations occur at homologous positions, leading to identical or chemically similar amino acid substitutions as in human CLL and lymphoma. Together, these findings support a direct link between aberrant AID activity and CLL driver mutations that are then selected for their oncogenic effects, whereby AID promotes aggressiveness in CLL and other B-cell neoplasms.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cytidine Deaminase/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mutation
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Elías Morande
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Tumor-Stroma Interactions, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Xiao-Jie Yan
- The Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Julieta Sepulveda
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Centro Asistencial Docente e Investigación de la Universidad de Magallanes (CADI-UMAG), School of Medicine, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Noé Seija
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Elena Marquez
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Sotelo
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cecilia Abreu
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | - Natalia Rego
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Therence Bois
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephen P Methot
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Florencia Palacios
- The Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Victoria Remedi
- Hospital Maciel, Administración de los Servicios de Salud del Estado (ASSE), Ministerio de Salud, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Kanti R Rai
- The Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Alejandro Buschiazzo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Microbiology, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay; and
- Integrative Microbiology of Zoonotic Agents-International Joint Unit, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Javier M Di Noia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marcelo A Navarrete
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Centro Asistencial Docente e Investigación de la Universidad de Magallanes (CADI-UMAG), School of Medicine, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- The Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY
| | - Pablo Oppezzo
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
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20
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Oppezzo P, Navarrete M, Chiorazzi N. AID in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Induction and Action During Disease Progression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:634383. [PMID: 34041018 PMCID: PMC8141630 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.634383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes, critical actions for an effective adaptive immune response. However, in addition to the benefits generated by its physiological roles, AID is an etiological factor for the development of human and murine leukemias and lymphomas. This review highlights the pathological role of AID and the consequences of its actions on the development, progression, and therapeutic refractoriness of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as a model disease for mature lymphoid malignancies. First, we summarize pertinent aspects of the expression and function of AID in normal B lymphocytes. Then, we assess putative causes for AID expression in leukemic cells emphasizing the role of an activated microenvironment. Thirdly, we discuss the role of AID in lymphomagenesis, in light of recent data obtained by NGS analyses on the genomic landscape of leukemia and lymphomas, concentrating on the frequency of AID signatures in these cancers and correlating previously described tumor-gene drivers with the presence of AID off-target mutations. Finally, we discuss how these changes could affect tumor suppressor and proto-oncogene targets and how they could be associated with disease progression. Collectively, we hope that these sections will help to better understand the complex paradox between the physiological role of AID in adaptive immunity and its potential causative activity in B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Oppezzo
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Nicholas Chiorazzi
- The Karches Center for Oncology Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, New York, NY, United States
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21
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miR-29 modulates CD40 signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by targeting TRAF4: an axis affected by BCR inhibitors. Blood 2021; 137:2481-2494. [PMID: 33171493 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and T-cell interactions play a pivotal role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) pathogenesis and disease aggressiveness. CLL cells can use microRNAs (miRNAs) and their targets to modulate microenvironmental interactions in the lymph node niches. To identify miRNA expression changes in the CLL microenvironment, we performed complex profiling of short noncoding RNAs in this context by comparing CXCR4/CD5 intraclonal cell subpopulations (CXCR4dimCD5bright vs CXCR4brightCD5dim cells). This identified dozens of differentially expressed miRNAs, including several that have previously been shown to modulate BCR signaling (miR-155, miR-150, and miR-22) but also other candidates for a role in microenvironmental interactions. Notably, all 3 miR-29 family members (miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-29c) were consistently down-modulated in the immune niches, and lower miR-29(a/b/c) levels associated with an increased relative responsiveness of CLL cells to BCR ligation and significantly shorter overall survival of CLL patients. We identified tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) as a novel direct target of miR-29s and revealed that higher TRAF4 levels increase CLL responsiveness to CD40 activation and downstream nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. In CLL, BCR represses miR-29 expression via MYC, allowing for concurrent TRAF4 upregulation and stronger CD40-NF-κB signaling. This regulatory loop is disrupted by BCR inhibitors (bruton tyrosine kinase [BTK] inhibitor ibrutinib or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [PI3K] inhibitor idelalisib). In summary, we showed for the first time that a miRNA-dependent mechanism acts to activate CD40 signaling/T-cell interactions in a CLL microenvironment and described a novel miR-29-TRAF4-CD40 signaling axis modulated by BCR activity.
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22
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Katsaraki K, Karousi P, Artemaki PI, Scorilas A, Pappa V, Kontos CK, Papageorgiou SG. MicroRNAs: Tiny Regulators of Gene Expression with Pivotal Roles in Normal B-Cell Development and B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040593. [PMID: 33546241 PMCID: PMC7913321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The involvement of miRNAs in physiological cellular processes has been well documented. The development of B cells, which is dictated by a miRNA-transcription factor regulatory network, suggests a typical process partly orchestrated by miRNAs. Besides their contribution in normal hematopoiesis, miRNAs have been severally reported to be implicated in hematological malignancies, a typical example of which is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Numerous studies have attempted to highlight the regulatory role of miRNAs in B-CLL or establish some of them as molecular biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Thus, a critical review summarizing the current knowledge concerning the multifaceted role of miRNAs in normal B-cell development and B-CLL progression, prognosis, and therapy, is urgent. Moreover, this review aims to highlight important miRNAs in both normal B-cell development and B-CLL and discuss future perspectives concerning their regulatory potential and establishment in clinical practice. Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small non-coding RNAs bearing regulatory potency. The implication of miRNAs in physiological cellular processes has been well documented so far. A typical process orchestrated by miRNAs is the normal B-cell development. A stage-specific expression pattern of miRNAs has been reported in the developmental procedure, as well as interactions with transcription factors that dictate B-cell development. Besides their involvement in normal hematopoiesis, miRNAs are severally implicated in hematological malignancies, a typical paradigm of which is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). B-CLL is a highly heterogeneous disease characterized by the accumulation of abnormal B cells in blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. Therefore, timely, specific, and sensitive assessment of the malignancy is vital. Several studies have attempted to highlight the remarkable significance of miRNAs as regulators of gene expression, biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, progression, and therapy response prediction, as well as molecules with potential therapeutic utility. This review seeks to outline the linkage between miRNA function in normal and malignant hematopoiesis by demonstrating the main benchmarks of the implication of miRNAs in the regulation of normal B-cell development, and to summarize the key findings about their value as regulators, biomarkers, or therapeutic targets in B-CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Katsaraki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Paraskevi Karousi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Pinelopi I. Artemaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital “Attikon”, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christos K. Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece; (K.K.); (P.K.); (P.I.A.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.K.); (S.G.P.); Tel.: +30-210-727-4616 (C.K.K.); +30-210-583-2519 (S.G.P.)
| | - Sotirios G. Papageorgiou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital “Attikon”, 12462 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: (C.K.K.); (S.G.P.); Tel.: +30-210-727-4616 (C.K.K.); +30-210-583-2519 (S.G.P.)
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23
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Gerousi M, Psomopoulos F, Kotta K, Tsagiopoulou M, Stavroyianni N, Anagnostopoulos A, Anastasiadis A, Gkanidou M, Kotsianidis I, Ntoufa S, Stamatopoulos K. The Calcitriol/Vitamin D Receptor System Regulates Key Immune Signaling Pathways in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020285. [PMID: 33466695 PMCID: PMC7828837 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Calcitriol, the biologically active form of vitamin D, modulates a plethora of cellular processes following its receptor ligation, namely the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Epidemiological studies have linked low blood levels of vitamin D to adverse disease outcome in several B cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), for as yet undetermined reasons. In this study, we sought to obtain deeper biological insight into the role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of CLL. To this end, we investigated whether the calcitriol/VDR system is functional in CLL and analyzed key signaling pathways that are regulated by calcitriol supplementation, while also exploring the role of microenvironmental signals in the regulation of calcitriol/VDR system. Overall, we provide evidence that the calcitriol/VDR system is functional in CLL, regulating signaling pathways critical for cell survival/proliferation. Although microenvironmental triggers can modulate VDR expression and function, calcitriol appears to act independently, alluding to a potential clinical utility of vitamin D supplementation in CLL. Abstract It has been proposed that vitamin D may play a role in prevention and treatment of cancer while epidemiological studies have linked vitamin D insufficiency to adverse disease outcomes in various B cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this study, we sought to obtain deeper biological insight into the role of vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) in the pathophysiology of CLL. To this end, we performed expression analysis of the vitamin D pathway molecules; complemented by RNA-Sequencing analysis in primary CLL cells that were treated in vitro with calcitriol, the biologically active form of vitamin D. In addition, we examined calcitriol effects ex vivo in CLL cells cultured in the presence of microenvironmental signals, namely anti-IgM/CD40L, or co-cultured with the supportive HS-5 cells; and, CLL cells from patients under ibrutinib treatment. Our study reports that the calcitriol/VDR system is functional in CLL regulating signaling pathways critical for cell survival and proliferation, including the TLR and PI3K/AKT pathways. Moreover, calcitriol action is likely independent of the microenvironmental signals in CLL, since it was not significantly affected when combined with anti-IgM/CD40L or in the context of the co-culture system. This finding was also supported by our finding of preserved calcitriol signaling capacity in CLL patients under ibrutinib treatment. Overall, our results indicate a relevant biological role for vitamin D in CLL pathophysiology and allude to the potential clinical utility of vitamin D supplementation in patients with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gerousi
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.G.); (F.P.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (S.N.)
- Medical Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Fotis Psomopoulos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.G.); (F.P.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (S.N.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantia Kotta
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.G.); (F.P.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Maria Tsagiopoulou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.G.); (F.P.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Niki Stavroyianni
- Hematology Department and HCT Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Achilles Anagnostopoulos
- Hematology Department and HCT Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Athanasios Anastasiadis
- Blood Transfusion Department, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Maria Gkanidou
- Blood Transfusion Department, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Ioannis Kotsianidis
- Medical Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Stavroula Ntoufa
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.G.); (F.P.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.G.); (F.P.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (S.N.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +30-231-049-8271
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24
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Ondrisova L, Mraz M. Genetic and Non-Genetic Mechanisms of Resistance to BCR Signaling Inhibitors in B Cell Malignancies. Front Oncol 2020; 10:591577. [PMID: 33154951 PMCID: PMC7116322 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.591577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The approval of BTK and PI3K inhibitors (ibrutinib, idelalisib) represents a revolution in the therapy of B cell malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), or Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM). However, these "BCR inhibitors" function by interfering with B cell pathophysiology in a more complex way than anticipated, and resistance develops through multiple mechanisms. In ibrutinib treated patients, the most commonly described resistance-mechanism is a mutation in BTK itself, which prevents the covalent binding of ibrutinib, or a mutation in PLCG2, which acts to bypass the dependency on BTK at the BCR signalosome. However, additional genetic aberrations leading to resistance are being described (such as mutations in the CARD11, CCND1, BIRC3, TRAF2, TRAF3, TNFAIP3, loss of chromosomal region 6q or 8p, a gain of Toll-like receptor (TLR)/MYD88 signaling or gain of 2p chromosomal region). Furthermore, relative resistance to BTK inhibitors can be caused by non-genetic adaptive mechanisms leading to compensatory pro-survival pathway activation. For instance, PI3K/mTOR/Akt, NFkB and MAPK activation, BCL2, MYC, and XPO1 upregulation or PTEN downregulation lead to B cell survival despite BTK inhibition. Resistance could also arise from activating microenvironmental pathways such as chemokine or integrin signaling via CXCR4 or VLA4 upregulation, respectively. Defining these compensatory pro-survival mechanisms can help to develop novel therapeutic combinations of BTK inhibitors with other inhibitors (such as BH3-mimetic venetoclax, XPO1 inhibitor selinexor, mTOR, or MEK inhibitors). The mechanisms of resistance to PI3K inhibitors remain relatively unclear, but some studies point to MAPK signaling upregulation via both genetic and non-genetic changes, which could be co-targeted therapeutically. Alternatively, drugs mimicking the BTK/PI3K inhibition effect can be used to prevent adhesion and/or malignant B cell migration (chemokine and integrin inhibitors) or to block the pro-proliferative T cell signals in the microenvironment (such as IL4/STAT signaling inhibitors). Here we review the genetic and non-genetic mechanisms of resistance and adaptation to the first generation of BTK and PI3K inhibitors (ibrutinib and idelalisib, respectively), and discuss possible combinatorial therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance or to increase clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ondrisova
- Molecular Medicine, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marek Mraz
- Molecular Medicine, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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25
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Li J, Zou J, Wan X, Sun C, Peng F, Chu Z, Hu Y. The Role of Noncoding RNAs in B-Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:577890. [PMID: 33194698 PMCID: PMC7645065 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.577890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, emerging evidence has suggested that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in nearly every aspect of biological processes and play a crucial role in the genesis and progression of numerous tumors, including B-cell lymphoma. The exploration of ncRNA dysregulations and their functions in B-cell lymphoma provides new insights into lymphoma pathogenesis and is essential for indicating future clinical trials and optimizing the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the role of ncRNAs in B-cell lymphoma and discuss their potential in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wan
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangbo Chu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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26
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Jiang N, Dai Q, Su X, Fu J, Feng X, Peng J. Role of PI3K/AKT pathway in cancer: the framework of malignant behavior. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4587-4629. [PMID: 32333246 PMCID: PMC7295848 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Given that the PI3K/AKT pathway has manifested its compelling influence on multiple cellular process, we further review the roles of hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway in various human cancers. We state the abnormalities of PI3K/AKT pathway in different cancers, which are closely related with tumorigenesis, proliferation, growth, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem-like phenotype, immune microenvironment and drug resistance of cancer cells. In addition, we investigated the current clinical trials of inhibitors against PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers and found that the clinical efficacy of these inhibitors as monotherapy has so far been limited despite of the promising preclinical activity, which means combinations of targeted therapy may achieve better efficacies in cancers. In short, we hope to feature PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers to the clinic and bring the new promising to patients for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningni Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Qijie Dai
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Xiaorui Su
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Jianjiang Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Xuancheng Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
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27
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Zhang J, Xue ZQ, Wang B, Wen JX, Wang YX. Inhibition of miR-22 enhanced the efficacy of icotinib plus pemetrexed in a rat model of non-small cell lung cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:329-336. [PMID: 32440319 PMCID: PMC7229502 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.39291.9320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): To investigate the role of miR-22 in the efficacy of combined icotinib (BPI-2009H) and pemetrexed (LY-231514) on tumor growth and apoptosis in rats with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Rats were injected with HCC827 cells, which were transfected with anti-miR-22, followed by the treatment of BPI-2009H and/or LY-231514. MTT assay was used to detect the inhibition rate of HCC827 cells. qRT-PCR was performed to examine miR-22 expression in HCC827 cells and lung tumor tissues. Moreover, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed to detect the related-molecule expressions, while TUNEL staining was used to observe cell apoptosis of lung tumor tissues. Results: MiR-22 expression was decreased in HCC827 cells after the treatment of BPI-2009H or LY-231514 in a dose-dependent manner. Both BPI-2009H and LY-231514 increased the inhibition rate of HCC827 cells, which was enhanced by anti-miR-22 with decreased IC50 values. Furthermore, the decreased expression of miR-22 was found after the treatment of BPI-2009H or/and LY-231514 in lung tumor tissues. In addition, the expressions of PCNA, Ki67, and Bcl-2 were reduced, but Bax and Caspase-3 were increased in treated rats, typically in those rats treated with the combination of anti-miR-22, BPI-2009H, and LY-231514. Conclusion: Inhibition of miR-22 could enhance the efficacy of icotinib combined with pemetrexed in rats with NSCLC, providing a new perspective for NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jia-Xin Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yun-Xi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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28
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Maffei R, Benatti S, Atene CG, Debbia G, Zucchini P, Potenza L, Luppi M, Fiorcari S, Marasca R. Selective inhibition of PI3Kγ affects survival and proliferation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 61:455-459. [PMID: 31724453 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1666376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Maffei
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Respiratory Diseases, A.O.U of Modena-Policlinico, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Benatti
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Claudio Giacinto Atene
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Debbia
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zucchini
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Leonardo Potenza
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Luppi
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Fiorcari
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Marasca
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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29
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Xu C, Liu CH, Zhang DL. MicroRNA-22 inhibition prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via upregulating SIRT1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:485-491. [PMID: 31677784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis contributed to the progression of doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. Recent studies identified microRNA-22 (miR-22) as a cardiac- and skeletal muscle-enriched microRNA that functioned as a key regulator in stress-induced cardiac injury. The present study aimed to investigate the role and possible mechanism of miR-22 on Dox-induced oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Mice were exposed to reduplicative injections of Dox (i.p., 4 mg/kg) weekly for consecutive 4 weeks to generate Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Herein, we found that miR-22 level was significantly increased in murine hearts subjected to chronic Dox treatment. MiR-22 inhibition attenuated oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, thereby preventing Dox-induced cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, we observed that miR-22 directly bound to the 3'-UTR of Sirt1 and caused SIRT1 downregulation. Conversely, miR-22 antagomir upregulated SIRT1 expression and SIRT1 inhibitor abolished the beneficial effects of miR-22 antagomir. In conclusion, miR-22 inhibition prevented oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis via upregulating SIRT1 and miR-22 might be a new target for treating Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Chang-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Da-Li Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.
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30
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Morande PE, Sivina M, Uriepero A, Seija N, Berca C, Fresia P, Landoni AI, Di Noia JM, Burger JA, Oppezzo P. Ibrutinib therapy downregulates AID enzyme and proliferative fractions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2019; 133:2056-2068. [PMID: 30814061 PMCID: PMC7022232 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-876292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination of the immunoglobulin genes. As a trade-off for its physiological function, AID also contributes to tumor development through its mutagenic activity. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), AID is overexpressed in the proliferative fractions (PFs) of the malignant B lymphocytes, and its anomalous expression has been associated with a clinical poor outcome. Recent preclinical data suggested that ibrutinib and idelalisib, 2 clinically approved kinase inhibitors, increase AID expression and genomic instability in normal and neoplastic B cells. These results raise concerns about a potential mutagenic risk in patients receiving long-term therapy. To corroborate these findings in the clinical setting, we analyzed AID expression and PFs in a CLL cohort before and during ibrutinib treatment. We found that ibrutinib decreases the CLL PFs and, interestingly, also reduces AID expression, which correlates with dampened AKT and Janus Kinase 1 signaling. Moreover, although ibrutinib increases AID expression in a CLL cell line, it is unable to do so in primary CLL samples. Our results uncover a differential response to ibrutinib between cell lines and the CLL clone and imply that ibrutinib could differ from idelalisib in their potential to induce AID in treated patients. Possible reasons for the discrepancy between preclinical and clinical findings, and their effect on treatment safety, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Elías Morande
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariela Sivina
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Angimar Uriepero
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Noé Seija
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Catalina Berca
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Fresia
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Inés Landoni
- Hospital Maciel, Administración de los Servicios de Salud del Estado, Ministerio de Salud, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Javier M Di Noia
- Division of Immunity and Viral Infections, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; and
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jan A Burger
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Pablo Oppezzo
- Research Laboratory on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
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31
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Biological Aspects of mTOR in Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082396. [PMID: 30110936 PMCID: PMC6121663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central processor of intra- and extracellular signals, regulating many fundamental cellular processes such as metabolism, growth, proliferation, and survival. Strong evidences have indicated that mTOR dysregulation is deeply implicated in leukemogenesis. This has led to growing interest in the development of modulators of its activity for leukemia treatment. This review intends to provide an outline of the principal biological and molecular functions of mTOR. We summarize the current understanding of how mTOR interacts with microRNAs, with components of cell metabolism, and with controllers of apoptotic machinery. Lastly, from a clinical/translational perspective, we recapitulate the therapeutic results in leukemia, obtained by using mTOR inhibitors as single agents and in combination with other compounds.
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32
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Pasquariello R, Fernandez-Fuertes B, Strozzi F, Pizzi F, Mazza R, Lonergan P, Gandolfi F, Williams JL. Profiling bovine blastocyst microRNAs using deep sequencing. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1545-1555. [PMID: 27623773 DOI: 10.1071/rd16110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to control several reproductive functions, including oocyte maturation, implantation and early embryonic development. Recent advances in deep sequencing have allowed the analysis of all miRNAs of a sample. However, when working with embryos, due to the low RNA content, miRNA profiling is challenging because of the relatively large amount of total RNA required for library preparation protocols. In the present study we compared three different procedures for RNA extraction and prepared libraries using pools of 30 bovine blastocysts. In total, 14 of the 15 most abundantly expressed miRNAs were common to all three procedures. Furthermore, using miRDeep discovery and annotation software (Max Delbrück Center), we identified 1363 miRNA sequences, of which bta-miR-10b and bta-miR-378 were the most abundant. Most of the 179 genes identified as experimentally validated (86.6%) or predicted targets (13.4%) were associated with cancer canonical pathways. We conclude that reliable analysis of bovine blastocyst miRNAs can be achieved using the procedures described herein. The repeatability of the results across different procedures and independent replicates, as well as their consistency with results obtained in other species, support the biological relevance of these miRNAs and of the gene pathways they modulate in early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pasquariello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territori, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - B Fernandez-Fuertes
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Strozzi
- Parco Tecnologico Padano, Via Einstein Albert, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - F Pizzi
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Einstein Albert, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - R Mazza
- Associazione Italiana Allevatori, Via Bergamo 292, 26100, Cremona, Italy
| | - P Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Gandolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territori, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - J L Williams
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Peng Huang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Z.-P.H.). .,Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA (Z.-P.H., D.-Z.W.)
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115,Addresses for Correspondence: Zhan-Peng Huang, PhD, Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China, Phone: +86-18718870362, . Da-Zhi Wang, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United State, Phone: +1-6179194768,
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Szymonowicz K, Oeck S, Malewicz NM, Jendrossek V. New Insights into Protein Kinase B/Akt Signaling: Role of Localized Akt Activation and Compartment-Specific Target Proteins for the Cellular Radiation Response. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10030078. [PMID: 29562639 PMCID: PMC5876653 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations driving aberrant activation of the survival kinase Protein Kinase B (Akt) are observed with high frequency during malignant transformation and cancer progression. Oncogenic gene mutations coding for the upstream regulators or Akt, e.g., growth factor receptors, RAS and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), or for one of the three Akt isoforms as well as loss of the tumor suppressor Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog on Chromosome Ten (PTEN) lead to constitutive activation of Akt. By activating Akt, these genetic alterations not only promote growth, proliferation and malignant behavior of cancer cells by phosphorylation of various downstream signaling molecules and signaling nodes but can also contribute to chemo- and radioresistance in many types of tumors. Here we review current knowledge on the mechanisms dictating Akt’s activation and target selection including the involvement of miRNAs and with focus on compartmentalization of the signaling network. Moreover, we discuss recent advances in the cross-talk with DNA damage response highlighting nuclear Akt target proteins with potential involvement in the regulation of DNA double strand break repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Szymonowicz
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, 45122 Essen, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Oeck
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, 45122 Essen, Germany.
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Nathalie M Malewicz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, 45122 Essen, Germany.
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35
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Zhao L, Li Y, Song X, Zhou H, Li N, Miao Y, Jia L. Upregulation of miR-181c inhibits chemoresistance by targeting ST8SIA4 in chronic myelocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60074-60086. [PMID: 27527856 PMCID: PMC5312369 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance frequently drives tumor progression. Increased expression of ST8SIA4 has been reported in diverse carcinomas and highly correlates with leukemia multidrug resistance (MDR). MicroRNAs (miRNA) are widely recognized as key players in cancer progression and drug resistance. Here, to explore whether miRNA modulates the sensitivity of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) to chemotherapeutic agents and regulates ST8SIA4 expression, we analyzed the complete miRNA expression profile and found a subset of miRNAs specifically dysregulated in adriamycin-resistant CML cell line K562/ADR and its parent cell line K562. Compared with three pairs of CML cell lines and 38 clinical samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CML patients, miR-181c expression was down-regulated in drug-resistant cell lines and CML/MDR samples. Altered expression levels of miR-181c influenced the MDR phenotypes of K562 and K562/ADR. Reporter-gene assay showed that miR-181c directly targeted and inhibited the ST8SIA4 expression, as well as miR-181c was inversely correlated with the levels of ST8SIA4 expression in CML cell lines and samples. Moreover, ST8SIA4 could reverse the effect of miR-181c on drug resistance in K562 and K562/ADR cells in vitro. Upregulation of miR-181c sensitized K562/ADR cells to adriamycin in vivo through directly suppressing ST8SIA4 expression. Further investigation showed that miR-181c mediated the activity of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signal pathway, and inhibition of PI3K/Akt in K562 cells counteracted miR-181c-mediated MDR phenotype. These data revealed an important role for miR-181c in the regulation of chemoresistance in CML, and suggested the potential application of miR-181c in drug resistance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Zhao
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaobo Song
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Nana Li
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Miao
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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36
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Delineating the distinct role of AKT in mediating cell survival and proliferation induced by CD154 and IL-4/IL-21 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102948-102964. [PMID: 29262536 PMCID: PMC5732702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional significance of AKT in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains unclear. Given the importance of non-malignant T cells in regulating clonal expansion in CLL, we investigated the role of AKT in T cell-mediated cytoprotection and proliferation using an established co-culture system in which primary CLL cells were incubated on a monolayer of transfected mouse fibroblasts expressing human CD40L (CD154). Stimulation of CLL cells via CD40 induced activation of AKT, which was closely associated with downregulation of its negative regulator PTEN, and protected CLL cells from killing by bendamustine. This cytoprotective effect of CD40 stimulation was prevented by a selective inhibitor of AKT. Stimulation of CLL cells with CD154 + IL-4 or IL-21 induced proliferation detected as reduced fluorescence of cells pre-stained with CFSE. AKT inhibition produced a significant, consistent reduction in proliferation induced by CD154 + IL-4 and a reduction in proliferation induced by CD154 + IL-21 in most but not all cases. In contrast, AKT inhibition had no effect on the proliferation of normal B cells induced by CD154 + IL-4 or IL-21. These findings indicate that AKT contributes in a significant way to T-cell mediated survival and proliferation signalling in CLL and support the clinical evaluation of AKT inhibitors in this disease.
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37
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Protein kinase B: emerging mechanisms of isoform-specific regulation of cellular signaling in cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:569-580. [PMID: 28379898 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein kinase B (PKB), also known as Akt, is one of the multifaceted kinases in the human kinome, existing in three isoforms. PKB plays a vital role in phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated oncogenesis in various malignancies and is one of the attractive targets for cancer drug discovery. Recent studies have shown that the functional significance of an individual isoform of PKB is not redundant in cancer. It has been found that PKB isoforms play distinct roles in the regulation of cellular invasion and migration during tumorigenesis. PKB activation plays a central role during epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a cellular program required for the cancer cell invasion and migration. However, the differential behavior of each PKB isoform has been shown in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Recent studies have suggested that PKBα (Akt1) plays a conflicting role in tumorigenesis by acting either as a pro-oncogenic factor by suppressing the apoptotic machinery or by restricting tumor invasion. PKBβ (Akt2) promotes cell migration and invasion and similarly PKBγ (Akt3) has been reported to promote tumor migration. As PKB is known for its pro-oncogenic properties, it needs to be unraveled how three isoforms of PKB compensate during tumor progression. In this review, we attempted to sum up how different isoforms of PKB play a role in cancer progression, metastasis, and drug resistance.
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38
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Ectopic ILT3 controls BCR-dependent activation of Akt in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2017; 130:2006-2017. [PMID: 28931525 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-775858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The high proportion of long-term nonprogressors among chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients suggests the existence of a regulatory network that restrains the proliferation of tumor B cells. The identification of molecular determinants composing such network is hence fundamental for our understanding of CLL pathogenesis. Based on our previous finding establishing a deficiency in the signaling adaptor p66Shc in CLL cells, we undertook to identify unique phenotypic traits caused by this defect. Here we show that a lack of p66Shc shapes the transcriptional profile of CLL cells and leads to an upregulation of the surface receptor ILT3, the immunoglobulin-like transcript 3 that is normally found on myeloid cells. The ectopic expression of ILT3 in CLL was a distinctive feature of neoplastic B cells and hematopoietic stem cells, thus identifying ILT3 as a selective marker of malignancy in CLL and the first example of phenotypic continuity between mature CLL cells and their progenitors in the bone marrow. ILT3 expression in CLL was found to be driven by Deltex1, a suppressor of antigen receptor signaling in lymphocytes. Triggering of ILT3 inhibited the activation of Akt kinase upon B-cell receptor (BCR) stimulation. This effect was achieved through the dynamic coalescence of ILT3, BCRs, and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 into inhibitory clusters at the cell surface. Collectively, our findings identify ILT3 as a signature molecule of p66Shc deficiency in CLL and indicate that ILT3 may functionally contribute to a regulatory network controlling tumor progression by suppressing the Akt pathway.
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39
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S100-A9 protein in exosomes from chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells promotes NF-κB activity during disease progression. Blood 2017; 130:777-788. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-02-769851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Plasma-derived exosomes from patients with CLL exhibit different protein cargo compositions depending on disease status and progression. S100-A9 protein is overexpressed and S100-A9 cargo in exosomes activates NF-κB pathway in patients with CLL during disease progression.
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40
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Singh SP, Pillai SY, de Bruijn MJW, Stadhouders R, Corneth OBJ, van den Ham HJ, Muggen A, van IJcken W, Slinger E, Kuil A, Spaargaren M, Kater AP, Langerak AW, Hendriks RW. Cell lines generated from a chronic lymphocytic leukemia mouse model exhibit constitutive Btk and Akt signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71981-71995. [PMID: 29069762 PMCID: PMC5641105 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the accumulation of mature CD5+ B cells in blood. Spontaneous apoptosis of CLL cells in vitro has hampered in-depth investigation of CLL pathogenesis. Here we describe the generation of three monoclonal mouse cell lines, EMC2, EMC4 and EMC6, from the IgH.TEμ CLL mouse model based on sporadic expression of SV40 large T antigen. The cell lines exhibit a stable CD5+CD43+IgM+CD19+ CLL phenotype in culture and can be adoptively transferred into Rag1−/− mice. RNA-seq analysis revealed only minor differences between the cell lines and their primary tumors and suggested that NF-κB and mTOR signaling pathways were involved in cell line outgrowth. In vitro survival and proliferation was dependent on constitutive phosphorylation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) at Y551/Y223, and Akt(S473). Treatment of the cell lines with small molecule inhibitors specific for Btk (ibrutinib) or PI3K (idelalisib), which is upstream of Akt, resulted in reduced viability, proliferation and fibronectin-dependent cell adhesion. Treatment of cell line-engrafted Rag1−/− mice with ibrutinib was associated with transient lymphocytosis, reduced splenomegaly and increased overall survival. Thus, by generating stable cell lines we established a novel platform for in vitro and in vivo investigation of CLL signal transduction and treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simar Pal Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Post graduate school Molecular Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saravanan Y Pillai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona Spain
| | - Odilia B J Corneth
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alice Muggen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Slinger
- Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Kuil
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Spaargaren
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arnon P Kater
- Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton W Langerak
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Gagez AL, Duroux-Richard I, Leprêtre S, Orsini-Piocelle F, Letestu R, De Guibert S, Tuaillon E, Leblond V, Khalifa O, Gouilleux-Gruart V, Banos A, Tournilhac O, Dupuis J, Jorgensen C, Cartron G, Apparailly F. miR-125b and miR-532-3p predict the efficiency of rituximab-mediated lymphodepletion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. A French Innovative Leukemia Organization study. Haematologica 2017; 102:746-754. [PMID: 28126961 PMCID: PMC5395115 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.153189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying in vivo mechanisms of rituximab action remain incompletely understood in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Recent data suggest that circulating micro-ribonucleic acids correlate with chronic lymphocytic leukemia progression and response to rituximab. Our study aimed at identifying circulating micro-ribonucleic acids that predict response to rituximab monotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Using a hierarchical clustering of micro-ribonucleic acid expression profiles discriminating 10 untreated patients with low or high lymphocyte counts, we found 26 micro-ribonucleic acids significantly deregulated. Using individual real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the expression levels of micro-ribonucleic acids representative of these two clusters were further validated in a larger cohort (n=61). MiR-125b and miR-532-3p were inversely correlated with rituximab-induced lymphodepletion (P=0.020 and P=0.001, respectively) and with the CD20 expression on CD19+ cells (P=0.0007 and P<0.0001, respectively). In silico analyses of genes putatively targeted by both micro-ribonucleic acids revealed a central role of the interleukin-10 pathway and CD20 (MS4A1) family members. Interestingly, both micro-ribonucleic acids were negatively correlated with MS4A1 expression, while they were positively correlated with MS4A3 and MSA47 Our results identify novel circulating predictive biomarkers for rituximab-mediated lymphodepletion efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and suggest a novel molecular mechanism responsible for the rituximab mode of action that bridges miR-125b and miR-532-3p and CD20 family members. (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: 01370772).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Gagez
- CNRS UMR 5235, University of Montpellier, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Duroux-Richard
- INSERM, U1183, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University Hospital Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Rémi Letestu
- Department of Biological Hematology, APHP, GHUPSSD, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Sophie De Guibert
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Pontchaillou Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology, University Hospital Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Leblond
- Department of Hematology, La Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Olfa Khalifa
- INSERM, U1183, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University Hospital Montpellier, France
| | | | - Anne Banos
- Department of Hematology, Cote Basque Hospital, Bayonne, France
| | - Olivier Tournilhac
- Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jehan Dupuis
- Unit of Lymphoid Hematologic Malignancies, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- INSERM, U1183, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University Hospital Montpellier, France.,Clinical department for Osteoarticular Diseases, University Hospital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Cartron
- CNRS UMR 5235, University of Montpellier, France .,Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Apparailly
- INSERM, U1183, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, University Hospital Montpellier, France.,Clinical department for Osteoarticular Diseases, University Hospital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
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42
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Madhunapantula SV, Robertson GP. Targeting protein kinase-b3 (akt3) signaling in melanoma. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:273-290. [PMID: 28064546 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1279147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deregulated Akt activity leading to apoptosis inhibition, enhanced proliferation and drug resistance has been shown to be responsible for 35-70% of advanced metastatic melanomas. Of the three isoforms, the majority of melanomas have elevated Akt3 expression and activity. Hence, potent inhibitors targeting Akt are urgently required, which is possible only if (a) the factors responsible for the failure of Akt inhibitors in clinical trials is known; and (b) the information pertaining to synergistically acting targeted therapeutics is available. Areas covered: This review provides a brief introduction of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and its role in melanoma development. In addition, the functional role of key Akt pathway members such as PRAS40, GSK3 kinases, WEE1 kinase in melanoma development are discussed together with strategies to modulate these targets. Efficacy and safety of Akt inhibitors is also discussed. Finally, the mechanism(s) through which Akt leads to drug resistance is discussed in this expert opinion review. Expert opinion: Even though Akt play key roles in melanoma tumor progression, cell survival and drug resistance, many gaps still exist that require further understanding of Akt functions, especially in the (a) metastatic spread; (b) circulating melanoma cells survival; and
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Affiliation(s)
- SubbaRao V Madhunapantula
- a Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry , JSS Medical College, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University (Accredited 'A' Grade by NAAC and Ranked 35 by National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)-2015, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India) , Mysuru , India
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- b Department of Pharmacology , The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA.,c Department of Pathology , The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA.,d Department of Dermatology , The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA.,e Department of Surgery , The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA.,f The Melanoma Center , The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA.,g The Melanoma Therapeutics Program , The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
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43
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Miao Z, Zou J, Luo J. miR-22Inhibits CD34+Cell Expansion Through Decreasing β-Catenin in Osteoblasts. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:135-145. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanju Zhang
- Tianjin Central Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenchuan Miao
- Beijing Vitalstar Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Zou
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyuan Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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44
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Wang J, Li Y, Ding M, Zhang H, Xu X, Tang J. Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of miR-22 in regulating malignant progression in human cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2016; 50:345-355. [PMID: 28000852 PMCID: PMC5238783 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs (microRNAs) have been validated to play fateful roles in the occurrence and development of cancers by post-transcriptionally targeting 3′-untranslated regions of the downstream gene mRNAs to repress mRNA expression. Mounting investigations forcefully document that not only does miR-22 biologically impinge on the processes of senescence, energy supply, angiogenesis, EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis and apoptosis, but also it genetically or epigenetically exerts dual (inhibitory/promoting cancer) effects in various cancers via CNAs (copy number alterations), SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), methylation, acetylation and even more momentously hydroxymethylation. Additionally, miR-22 expression may fluctuate with cancer progression in the body fluids of cancer patients and miR-22 could amplify its inhibitory or promoting effects through partaking in positive or negative feedback loops and interplaying with many other related miRNAs in the cascade of events, making it possible for miR-22 to be a promising and complementary or even independent cancer biomarker in some cancers and engendering profound influences on the early diagnosis, therapeutics, supervising curative effects and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Meiman Ding
- The Criminal Investigation Detachment of Jiaxing Public Security Bureau, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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45
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Grimes JA, Prasad N, Levy S, Cattley R, Lindley S, Boothe HW, Henderson RA, Smith BF. A comparison of microRNA expression profiles from splenic hemangiosarcoma, splenic nodular hyperplasia, and normal spleens of dogs. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:272. [PMID: 27912752 PMCID: PMC5135805 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0903-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Splenic masses are common in older dogs; yet diagnosis preceding splenectomy and histopathology remains elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that play a role in post-transcriptional regulation, and differential expression of miRNAs between normal and tumor tissue has been used to diagnose neoplastic diseases. The objective of this study was to determine differential expression of miRNAs by use of RNA-sequencing in canine spleens that were histologically confirmed as hemangiosarcoma, nodular hyperplasia, or normal. Results Twenty-two miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in hemangiosarcoma samples (4 between hemangiosarcoma and both nodular hyperplasia and normal spleen and 18 between hemangiosarcoma and normal spleen only). In particular, mir-26a, mir-126, mir-139, mir-140, mir-150, mir-203, mir-424, mir-503, mir-505, mir-542, mir-30e, mir-33b, mir-365, mir-758, mir-22, and mir-452 are of interest in the pathogenesis of hemangiosarcoma. Conclusions Findings of this study confirm the hypothesis that miRNA expression profiles are different between canine splenic hemangiosarcoma, nodular hyperplasia, and normal spleens. A large portion of the differentially expressed miRNAs have roles in angiogenesis, with an additional group of miRNAs being dysregulated in vascular disease processes. Two other miRNAs have been implicated in cancer pathways such as PTEN and cell cycle checkpoints. The finding of multiple miRNAs with roles in angiogenesis and vascular disease is important, as hemangiosarcoma is a tumor of endothelial cells, which are driven by angiogenic stimuli. This study shows that miRNA dysregulation is a potential player in the pathogenesis of canine splenic hemangiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet A Grimes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA. .,Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- Genomics Services Laboratory, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Shawn Levy
- Genomics Services Laboratory, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Russell Cattley
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Stephanie Lindley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Harry W Boothe
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Ralph A Henderson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Bruce F Smith
- Scott Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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46
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Crassini K, Shen Y, Mulligan S, Giles Best O. Modeling the chronic lymphocytic leukemia microenvironment in vitro. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:266-279. [PMID: 27756161 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1204654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironments within the lymph node and bone marrow promote proliferation and drug resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Successful treatment of CLL must therefore target the leukemic cells within these compartments. A better understanding of the interaction between CLL cells and the tumor microenvironment has led to the development of in vitro models that mimic the mechanisms that support leukemic cell survival and proliferation in vivo. Employing these models as part of the pre-clinical evaluation of novel therapeutic agents enables a better approximation of their potential clinical efficacy. In this review we summarize the current literature describing how different aspects of the tumor microenvironment have been modeled in vitro and detail how these models have been employed to study the biology of the disease and potential efficacy of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Crassini
- a Northern Blood Research Centre , Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital , Sydney , Australia
| | - Yandong Shen
- a Northern Blood Research Centre , Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital , Sydney , Australia
| | - Stephen Mulligan
- a Northern Blood Research Centre , Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital , Sydney , Australia.,b Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research Consortium (CLLARC) , Australia
| | - O Giles Best
- a Northern Blood Research Centre , Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital , Sydney , Australia.,b Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research Consortium (CLLARC) , Australia
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47
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Shen C, Chen MT, Zhang XH, Yin XL, Ning HM, Su R, Lin HS, Song L, Wang F, Ma YN, Zhao HL, Yu J, Zhang JW. The PU.1-Modulated MicroRNA-22 Is a Regulator of Monocyte/Macrophage Differentiation and Acute Myeloid Leukemia. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006259. [PMID: 27617961 PMCID: PMC5019412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-22 (miR-22) is emerging as a critical regulator in organ development and various cancers. However, its role in normal hematopoiesis and leukaemogenesis remains unclear. Here, we detected its increased expression during monocyte/macrophage differentiation of HL-60, THP1 cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, and confirmed that PU.1, a key transcriptional factor for monocyte/macrophage differentiation, is responsible for transcriptional activation of miR-22 during the differentiation. By gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we demonstrated that miR-22 promoted monocyte/macrophage differentiation, and MECOM (EVI1) mRNA is a direct target of miR-22 and MECOM (EVI1) functions as a negative regulator in the differentiation. The miR-22-mediated MECOM degradation increased c-Jun but decreased GATA2 expression, which results in increased interaction between c-Jun and PU.1 via increasing c-Jun levels and relief of MECOM- and GATA2-mediated interference in the interaction, and thus promoting monocyte/macrophage differentiation. We also observed significantly down-regulation of PU.1 and miR-22 as well as significantly up-regulation of MECOM in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Reintroduction of miR-22 relieved the differentiation blockage and inhibited the growth of bone marrow blasts of AML patients. Our results revealed new function and mechanism of miR-22 in normal hematopoiesis and AML development and demonstrated its potential value in AML diagnosis and therapy. We found that miR-22 is transcriptionally activated by PU.1 during monocyte/macrophage differentiation and miR-22 promotes the differentiation via targeting MECOM (EVI1) mRNA and further increasing interaction between c-Jun and PU.1. We also show that miR-22 is a tumor repressor and that PU.1-miR-22-MECOM regulation is involved in AML development; moreover, we demonstrate that reintroduction of miR-22 relieves the differentiation blockage and inhibits the growth of AML bone marrow blasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Tai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhang
- Haematology Department, the 303 Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yin
- Haematology Department, the 303 Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Hong-Mei Ning
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Affiliated Hospital to Academy of Military Medical Sciences (the 307 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Rui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Shuang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ni Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua-Lu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Wu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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48
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Ibrutinib downregulates a subset of miRNA leading to upregulation of tumor suppressors and inhibition of cell proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 31:340-349. [PMID: 27431016 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The lymph node (LN) is the site of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cell activation and proliferation. Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression has been shown to have a role in CLL pathogenesis; however, a comparison of miRNA expression between CLL cells in the LN and the peripheral blood (PB) has previously not been reported. On the basis of the analysis of 17 paired LN and PB samples from CLL patients, we identify a panel of miRNAs that are increased in LN CLL cells correlating with an activation phenotype. When evaluated in CLL cells from 38 patients pre and post treatment with ibrutinib, a subset of these miRNAs (miR-22, miR-34a, miR-146b and miR-181b) was significantly decreased in response to ibrutinib. A concomitant increase in putative miRNA target transcripts (ARID1B, ARID2, ATM, CYLD, FOXP1, HDAC1, IBTK, PTEN and SMAD4) was also observed. Functional studies confirmed targets of ibrutinib-responsive miRNAs to include messenger RNA transcripts of multiple tumor suppressors. Knockdown of endogenous miR-34a and miR146b resulted in increased transcription of tumor suppressors and inhibition of cell proliferation. These findings demonstrate that ibrutinib downregulates the expression of a subset of miRNAs related to B-cell activation leading to increased expression of miRNA targets including tumor suppressors and a reduction in cell proliferation.
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49
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Ghamlouch H, Darwiche W, Hodroge A, Ouled-Haddou H, Dupont S, Singh AR, Guignant C, Trudel S, Royer B, Gubler B, Marolleau JP. Factors involved in CLL pathogenesis and cell survival are disrupted by differentiation of CLL B-cells into antibody-secreting cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:18484-503. [PMID: 26050196 PMCID: PMC4621905 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has shown that chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B-cells display a strong tendency to differentiate into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) and thus may be amenable to differentiation therapy. However, the effect of this differentiation on factors associated with CLL pathogenesis has not been reported. In the present study, purified CLL B-cells were stimulated to differentiate into ASCs by phorbol myristate acetate or CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, in combination with CD40 ligand and cytokines in a two-step, seven-day culture system. We investigated (i) changes in the immunophenotypic, molecular, functional, morphological features associated with terminal differentiation into ASCs, (ii) the expression of factors involved in CLL pathogenesis, and (iii) the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in the differentiated cells. Our results show that differentiated CLL B-cells are able to display the transcriptional program of ASCs. Differentiation leads to depletion of the malignant program and deregulation of the apoptosis/survival balance. Analysis of apoptosis and the cell cycle showed that differentiation is associated with low cell viability and a low rate of cell cycle entry. Our findings shed new light on the potential for differentiation therapy as a part of treatment strategies for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Ghamlouch
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Immunology, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology and Cell Therapy, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Walaa Darwiche
- PériTox, Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques, UMR-I 01 Unité mixte INERIS, Amiens, France
| | - Ahmed Hodroge
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | - Sébastien Dupont
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology and Cell Therapy, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | | | - Caroline Guignant
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Immunology, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Stéphanie Trudel
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Molecular Oncobiology, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Bruno Royer
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology and Cell Therapy, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Brigitte Gubler
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Immunology, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France.,Department of Molecular Oncobiology, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Marolleau
- EA4666, LNPC, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology and Cell Therapy, Amiens University Medical Center, Amiens, France
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50
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Kay NE, Sassoon T, Secreto C, Sinha S, Shanafelt TD, Ghosh AK, Arbiser JL. Tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium: a small-molecule palladium complex is effective in inducing apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 57:2409-16. [PMID: 27189785 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2016.1161186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Here we tested impact of Tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (Tris-DBA) on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B-cell survival. Indeed, treatment of CLL B-cells with Tris-DBA induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner irrespective of IgVH mutational status. Further analyses suggest that Tris-DBA-induced apoptosis involves reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL, and XIAP with an upregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein BIM in CLL B-cells. Our findings also indicate that Tris-DBA targets the ribosomal protein (rp)-S6, an essential component of the Akt/mTOR signaling axis in CLL B-cells. Of interest, CLL bone marrow stromal cells were unable to protect the leukemic B cells from Tris-DBA-induced apoptosis in an in vitro co-culture system. Finally, co-administration of Tris-DBA and the purine nucleoside analog fludarabine (F-ara-A) augmented CLL B-cell apoptosis levels in vitro showing synergistic effects. In total, Tris-DBA is effective at inducing apoptosis in CLL B-cells even in the presence of stromal cells likely by targeting directly the signal mediator, rpS6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil E Kay
- a Division of Hematology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Traci Sassoon
- a Division of Hematology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Charla Secreto
- a Division of Hematology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Sutapa Sinha
- a Division of Hematology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | | | - Asish K Ghosh
- b Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Pathology , University of Oklahoma , Oklahoma , OK , USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- c Department of Dermatology , Emory University, Winship Cancer Institute , Atlanta , GA , USA
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