1
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Ayuda-Durán P, Hermansen JU, Giliberto M, Yin Y, Hanes R, Gordon S, Kuusanmäki H, Brodersen AM, Andersen AN, Taskén K, Wennerberg K, Enserink JM, Skånland SS. Standardized assays to monitor drug sensitivity in hematologic cancers. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:435. [PMID: 38040674 PMCID: PMC10692209 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The principle of drug sensitivity testing is to expose cancer cells to a library of different drugs and measure its effects on cell viability. Recent technological advances, continuous approval of targeted therapies, and improved cell culture protocols have enhanced the precision and clinical relevance of such screens. Indeed, drug sensitivity testing has proven diagnostically valuable for patients with advanced hematologic cancers. However, different cell types behave differently in culture and therefore require optimized drug screening protocols to ensure that their ex vivo drug sensitivity accurately reflects in vivo drug responses. For example, primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM) cells require unique microenvironmental stimuli to survive in culture, while this is less the case for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Here, we present our optimized and validated protocols for culturing and drug screening of primary cells from AML, CLL, and MM patients, and a generic protocol for cell line models. We also discuss drug library designs, reproducibility, and quality controls. We envision that these protocols may serve as community guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays to monitor drug sensitivity in hematologic cancers and thus contribute to standardization. The read-outs may provide insight into tumor biology, identify or confirm treatment resistance and sensitivity in real time, and ultimately guide clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Ayuda-Durán
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johanne U Hermansen
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mariaserena Giliberto
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yanping Yin
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Hanes
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra Gordon
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heikki Kuusanmäki
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrea M Brodersen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aram N Andersen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Krister Wennerberg
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorrit M Enserink
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigrid S Skånland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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2
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Köhn-Luque A, Myklebust EM, Tadele DS, Giliberto M, Schmiester L, Noory J, Harivel E, Arsenteva P, Mumenthaler SM, Schjesvold F, Taskén K, Enserink JM, Leder K, Frigessi A, Foo J. Phenotypic deconvolution in heterogeneous cancer cell populations using drug-screening data. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100417. [PMID: 37056380 PMCID: PMC10088094 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is an important driver of treatment failure in cancer since therapies often select for drug-tolerant or drug-resistant cellular subpopulations that drive tumor growth and recurrence. Profiling the drug-response heterogeneity of tumor samples using traditional genomic deconvolution methods has yielded limited results, due in part to the imperfect mapping between genomic variation and functional characteristics. Here, we leverage mechanistic population modeling to develop a statistical framework for profiling phenotypic heterogeneity from standard drug-screen data on bulk tumor samples. This method, called PhenoPop, reliably identifies tumor subpopulations exhibiting differential drug responses and estimates their drug sensitivities and frequencies within the bulk population. We apply PhenoPop to synthetically generated cell populations, mixed cell-line experiments, and multiple myeloma patient samples and demonstrate how it can provide individualized predictions of tumor growth under candidate therapies. This methodology can also be applied to deconvolution problems in a variety of biological settings beyond cancer drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Köhn-Luque
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Even Moa Myklebust
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dagim Shiferaw Tadele
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44131, USA
| | - Mariaserena Giliberto
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310 Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for B-Cell Malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Leonard Schmiester
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jasmine Noory
- Institute for Mathematics and its Applications, School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Elise Harivel
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- ENSTA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, 91120 Paris, France
| | - Polina Arsenteva
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institut de Matématiques de Bourgogne, Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon Cedex, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Shannon M. Mumenthaler
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- KG Jebsen Center for B-Cell Malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Myeloma Center, Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310 Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for B-Cell Malignancies, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorrit M. Enserink
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0037 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin Leder
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Arnoldo Frigessi
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jasmine Foo
- Institute for Mathematics and its Applications, School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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3
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Flobak Å, Skånland SS, Hovig E, Taskén K, Russnes HG. Functional precision cancer medicine: drug sensitivity screening enabled by cell culture models. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:973-985. [PMID: 36163057 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Functional precision medicine is a new, emerging area that can guide cancer treatment by capturing information from direct perturbations of tumor-derived, living cells, such as by drug sensitivity screening. Precision cancer medicine as currently implemented in clinical practice has been driven by genomics, and current molecular tumor boards rely extensively on genomic characterization to advise on therapeutic interventions. However, genomic biomarkers can only guide treatment decisions for a fraction of the patients. In this review we provide an overview of the current state of functional precision medicine, highlight advances for drug-sensitivity screening enabled by cell culture models, and discuss how artificial intelligence (AI) can be coupled to functional precision medicine to guide patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsmund Flobak
- The Cancer Clinic, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrid S Skånland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind Hovig
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Informatics, Centre for Bioinformatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hege G Russnes
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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4
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Giliberto M, Thimiri Govinda Raj DB, Cremaschi A, Skånland SS, Gade A, Tjønnfjord GE, Schjesvold F, Munthe LA, Taskén K. Ex vivo drug sensitivity screening in multiple myeloma identifies drug combinations that act synergistically. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:1241-1258. [PMID: 35148457 PMCID: PMC8936517 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of multiple myeloma (MM) is challenging: an assortment of available drug combinations adds complexity to treatment selection, and treatment resistance frequently develops. Given the heterogeneous nature of MM, personalized testing tools are required to identify drug sensitivities. To identify drug sensitivities in MM cells, we established a drug testing pipeline to examine ex vivo drug responses. MM cells from 44 patients were screened against 30 clinically relevant single agents and 44 double and triple drug combinations. We observed variability in responses across samples. The presence of gain(1q21) was associated with low sensitivity to venetoclax, and decreased ex vivo responses to dexamethasone reflected the drug resistance observed in patients. Less heterogeneity and higher efficacy was detected with many combinations compared to the corresponding single agents. We identified new synergistic effects of melflufen plus panobinostat using low concentrations (0.1-10 nM and 8 nM, respectively). In agreement with clinical studies, clinically approved combinations, such as triple combination of selinexor plus bortezomib plus dexamethasone, acted synergistically, and synergies required low drug concentrations (0.1 nM bortezomib, 10 nM selinexor and 4 nM dexamethasone). In summary, our drug screening provided results within a clinically actionable 5-day time frame and identified synergistic drug efficacies in patient-derived MM cells that may aid future therapy choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaserena Giliberto
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Deepak B Thimiri Govinda Raj
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Synthetic Nanobiotechnology and Biomachines, Centre for Synthetic Biology and Precision Medicine, CSIR, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Andrea Cremaschi
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), ASTAR, Singapore
| | - Sigrid S Skånland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandra Gade
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir E Tjønnfjord
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Haematology and Oslo Myeloma Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fredrik Schjesvold
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Haematology and Oslo Myeloma Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig A Munthe
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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5
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Pisano M, Cheng Y, Sun F, Dhakal B, D’Souza A, Chhabra S, Knight JM, Rao S, Zhan F, Hari P, Janz S. Laboratory Mice - A Driving Force in Immunopathology and Immunotherapy Studies of Human Multiple Myeloma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:667054. [PMID: 34149703 PMCID: PMC8206561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.667054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse models of human cancer provide an important research tool for elucidating the natural history of neoplastic growth and developing new treatment and prevention approaches. This is particularly true for multiple myeloma (MM), a common and largely incurable neoplasm of post-germinal center, immunoglobulin-producing B lymphocytes, called plasma cells, that reside in the hematopoietic bone marrow (BM) and cause osteolytic lesions and kidney failure among other forms of end-organ damage. The most widely used mouse models used to aid drug and immunotherapy development rely on in vivo propagation of human myeloma cells in immunodeficient hosts (xenografting) or myeloma-like mouse plasma cells in immunocompetent hosts (autografting). Both strategies have made and continue to make valuable contributions to preclinical myeloma, including immune research, yet are ill-suited for studies on tumor development (oncogenesis). Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), such as the widely known Vκ*MYC, may overcome this shortcoming because plasma cell tumors (PCTs) develop de novo (spontaneously) in a highly predictable fashion and accurately recapitulate many hallmarks of human myeloma. Moreover, PCTs arise in an intact organism able to mount a complete innate and adaptive immune response and tumor development reproduces the natural course of human myelomagenesis, beginning with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), progressing to smoldering myeloma (SMM), and eventually transitioning to frank neoplasia. Here we review the utility of transplantation-based and transgenic mouse models of human MM for research on immunopathology and -therapy of plasma cell malignancies, discuss strengths and weaknesses of different experimental approaches, and outline opportunities for closing knowledge gaps, improving the outcome of patients with myeloma, and working towards a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pisano
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yan Cheng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Fumou Sun
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Binod Dhakal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Anita D’Souza
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Knight
- Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, and Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Sridhar Rao
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Myeloma Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Parameswaran Hari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Siegfried Janz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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6
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Snir O, Kanduri C, Lundin KEA, Sandve GK, Sollid LM. Transcriptional profiling of human intestinal plasma cells reveals effector functions beyond antibody production. United European Gastroenterol J 2019; 7:1399-1407. [PMID: 31839965 DOI: 10.1177/2050640619862461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma cells (PCs) are terminally differentiated B-lymphocytes producing antibodies. In coeliac disease (CeD) there is increased density of PCs in the small-intestinal lesion. Many of these PCs produce disease-specific autoantibodies targeting transglutaminase 2 (TG2). Objective The plasmacytosis of CeD motivated us to study the transcriptional programme of PCs from coeliac gut lesions. Methods RNA-seq was performed on the PCs of CeD patients and disease controls, being specific or non-specific for TG2. Results Being antibody-producing cells, 67% of the PCs' transcript was aligned to immunoglobulin genes. Strikingly, genes encoding ligands and receptors of chemokines and cytokines were abundant. Higher transcript levels of genes associated with cell activation and immune responses were observed in PCs of CeD patients compared to controls. TG2-specific compared to non-TG2 specific PCs expressed increased levels of CXCR3, CXCL10 and interleukin-15; factors that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of CeD yet with production attributed to other cells than PCs. The presence of transcripts of HLA class II and T-cell co-stimulatory molecules suggests that PCs may serve as antigen-presenting cells for CD4 + helper T cells. Conclusions Our findings shed new light on the biology of intestinal PCs, implicating functions that go beyond the production of immunoglobulins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omri Snir
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chakravarthi Kanduri
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut E A Lundin
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Kjetil Sandve
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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7
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Traxel S, Schadt L, Eyer T, Mordasini V, Gysin C, Munthe LA, Niggli F, Nadal D, Bürgler S. Bone marrow T helper cells with a Th1 phenotype induce activation and proliferation of leukemic cells in precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Oncogene 2018; 38:2420-2431. [PMID: 30532071 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) constitutes the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. While chromosomal alterations contribute to BCP-ALL pathogenesis, they are insufficient for leukemia development. Epidemiological data and evidence from a mouse model suggest that immune responses to infections may trigger the emergence of leukemia, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that T helper (Th) cells from bone marrow of pediatric BCP-ALL patients can be attracted and activated by autologous BCP-ALL cells. Bone-marrow Th cells supportively interacted with BCP-ALL cells, inducing upregulation of important surface molecules and BCP-ALL cell proliferation. These Th cells displayed a Th1-like phenotype and produced high levels of IFN-γ. IFN-γ was responsible for the upregulation of CD38 in BCP-ALL cells, a molecule which we found to be associated with early relapse, and accountable for the production of IP-10, a chemokine involved in BCP-ALL migration and drug resistance. Thus, our data provide mechanistic support for an involvement of Th cell immune responses in the propagation of BCP-ALL and suggest that BCP-ALL cell-supportive Th cells may serve as therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Traxel
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linda Schadt
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Eyer
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Mordasini
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Gysin
- Division of Otolaryngology, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ludvig A Munthe
- KG Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies-Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Felix Niggli
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Nadal
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone Bürgler
- Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Haabeth OAW, Fauskanger M, Manzke M, Lundin KU, Corthay A, Bogen B, Tveita AA. CD4+ T-cell–Mediated Rejection of MHC Class II–Positive Tumor Cells Is Dependent on Antigen Secretion and Indirect Presentation on Host APCs. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4573-4585. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Ruffell D. The Nordic EMBL Partnership - a paragon of collaboration. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:1249-1255. [PMID: 29663348 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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