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Feng X, Wang L, Zhou R, Zhou R, Chen L, Peng H, Huang Y, Guo Q, Luo X, Zhou H. Senescent immune cells accumulation promotes brown adipose tissue dysfunction during aging. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3208. [PMID: 37268694 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT)-mediated thermogenesis declines with age. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we reveal that bone marrow-derived pro-inflammatory and senescent S100A8+ immune cells, mainly T cells and neutrophils, invade the BAT of male rats and mice during aging. These S100A8+ immune cells, coupled with adipocytes and sympathetic nerves, compromise axonal networks. Mechanistically, these senescent immune cells secrete abundant S100A8 to inhibit adipose RNA-binding motif protein 3 expression. This downregulation results in the dysregulation of axon guidance-related genes, leading to impaired sympathetic innervation and thermogenic function. Xenotransplantation experiments show that human S100A8+ immune cells infiltrate mice BAT and are sufficient to induce aging-like BAT dysfunction. Notably, treatment with S100A8 inhibitor paquinimod rejuvenates BAT axon networks and thermogenic function in aged male mice. Our study suggests that targeting the bone marrow-derived senescent immune cells presents an avenue to improve BAT aging and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liwen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Linyun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Sullivan M, Fernandez-Aranda F, Camacho-Barcia L, Harkin A, Macrì S, Mora-Maltas B, Jiménez-Murcia S, O'Leary A, Ottomana AM, Presta M, Slattery D, Scholtz S, Glennon JC. Insulin and Disorders of Behavioural Flexibility. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 150:105169. [PMID: 37059405 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural inflexibility is a symptom of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease, encompassing the maintenance of a behaviour even when no longer appropriate. Recent evidence suggests that insulin signalling has roles apart from its regulation of peripheral metabolism and mediates behaviourally-relevant central nervous system (CNS) functions including behavioural flexibility. Indeed, insulin resistance is reported to generate anxious, perseverative phenotypes in animal models, with the Type 2 diabetes medication metformin proving to be beneficial for disorders including Alzheimer's Disease. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies of Type 2 diabetes patients have highlighted aberrant connectivity in regions governing salience detection, attention, inhibition and memory. As currently available therapeutic strategies feature high rates of resistance, there is an urgent need to better understand the complex aetiology of behaviour and develop improved therapeutics. In this review, we explore the circuitry underlying behavioural flexibility, changes in Type 2 diabetes, the role of insulin in CNS outcomes and mechanisms of insulin involvement across disorders of behavioural inflexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairéad Sullivan
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Camacho-Barcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Harkin
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simone Macrì
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aet O'Leary
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Angela Maria Ottomana
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Presta
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Fuentes-Fayos AC, G-García ME, Pérez-Gómez JM, Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Martín-Colom J, Doval-Rosa C, Blanco-Acevedo C, Torres E, Toledano-Delgado Á, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Peralbo-Santaella E, Ortega-Salas RM, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Tena-Sempere M, López M, Castaño JP, Gahete MD, Solivera J, Luque RM. Metformin and simvastatin exert additive antitumour effects in glioblastoma via senescence-state: clinical and translational evidence. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104484. [PMID: 36907105 PMCID: PMC10024193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is one of the most devastating and incurable cancers due to its aggressive behaviour and lack of available therapies, being its overall-survival from diagnosis ∼14-months. Thus, identification of new therapeutic tools is urgently needed. Interestingly, metabolism-related drugs (e.g., metformin/statins) are emerging as efficient antitumour agents for several cancers. Herein, we evaluated the in vitro/in vivo effects of metformin and/or statins on key clinical/functional/molecular/signalling parameters in glioblastoma patients/cells. METHODS An exploratory-observational-randomized retrospective glioblastoma patient cohort (n = 85), human glioblastoma/non-tumour brain human cells (cell lines/patient-derived cell cultures), mouse astrocytes progenitor cell cultures, and a preclinical xenograft glioblastoma mouse model were used to measure key functional parameters, signalling-pathways and/or antitumour progression in response to metformin and/or simvastatin. FINDINGS Metformin and simvastatin exerted strong antitumour actions in glioblastoma cell cultures (i.e., proliferation/migration/tumoursphere/colony-formation/VEGF-secretion inhibition and apoptosis/senescence induction). Notably, their combination additively altered these functional parameters vs. individual treatments. These actions were mediated by the modulation of key oncogenic signalling-pathways (i.e., AKT/JAK-STAT/NF-κB/TGFβ-pathways). Interestingly, an enrichment analysis uncovered a TGFβ-pathway activation, together with AKT inactivation, in response to metformin + simvastatin combination, which might be linked to an induction of the senescence-state, the associated secretory-phenotype, and to the dysregulation of spliceosome components. Remarkably, the antitumour actions of metformin + simvastatin combination were also observed in vivo [i.e., association with longer overall-survival in human, and reduction in tumour-progression in a mouse model (reduced tumour-size/weight/mitosis-number, and increased apoptosis)]. INTERPRETATION Altogether, metformin and simvastatin reduce aggressiveness features in glioblastomas, being this effect significantly more effective (in vitro/in vivo) when both drugs are combined, offering a clinically relevant opportunity that should be tested for their use in humans. FUNDING Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities; Junta de Andalucía; CIBERobn (CIBER is an initiative of Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Miguel E G-García
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jesús M Pérez-Gómez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Antonio J Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julia Martín-Colom
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Doval-Rosa
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Blanco-Acevedo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Encarnación Torres
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Álvaro Toledano-Delgado
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Sánchez-Sánchez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Pathology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Esther Peralbo-Santaella
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Flow Cytometry Unit, Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rosa M Ortega-Salas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Pathology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Miguel López
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CiMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Solivera
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Neurosurgery, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004, Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004, Cordoba, Spain.
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Neault N, Ravel-Chapuis A, Baird SD, Lunde JA, Poirier M, Staykov E, Plaza-Diaz J, Medina G, Abadía-Molina F, Jasmin BJ, MacKenzie AE. Vorinostat Improves Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Splicing Abnormalities in DM1 Muscle Cell Lines and Skeletal Muscle from a DM1 Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043794. [PMID: 36835205 PMCID: PMC9964082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most common form of adult muscular dystrophy, is caused by an abnormal expansion of CTG repeats in the 3' untranslated region of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene. The expanded repeats of the DMPK mRNA form hairpin structures in vitro, which cause misregulation and/or sequestration of proteins including the splicing regulator muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1). In turn, misregulation and sequestration of such proteins result in the aberrant alternative splicing of diverse mRNAs and underlie, at least in part, DM1 pathogenesis. It has been previously shown that disaggregating RNA foci repletes free MBNL1, rescues DM1 spliceopathy, and alleviates associated symptoms such as myotonia. Using an FDA-approved drug library, we have screened for a reduction of CUG foci in patient muscle cells and identified the HDAC inhibitor, vorinostat, as an inhibitor of foci formation; SERCA1 (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) spliceopathy was also improved by vorinostat treatment. Vorinostat treatment in a mouse model of DM1 (human skeletal actin-long repeat; HSALR) improved several spliceopathies, reduced muscle central nucleation, and restored chloride channel levels at the sarcolemma. Our in vitro and in vivo evidence showing amelioration of several DM1 disease markers marks vorinostat as a promising novel DM1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafisa Neault
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Aymeric Ravel-Chapuis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Stephen D. Baird
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - John A. Lunde
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mathieu Poirier
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Emiliyan Staykov
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Gerardo Medina
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Francisco Abadía-Molina
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Bernard J. Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alex E. MacKenzie
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-737-2772
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Yamauchi K, Matsumura T, Takada H, Kuru S, Kobayashi M, Kubota T, Kimura E, Nakamura H, Takahashi MP. The current status of medical care for myotonic dystrophy type 1 in the national registry of Japan. Muscle Nerve 2023; 67:387-393. [PMID: 36762492 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a systemic disease with multiple organ complications, making the standardization of medical care a challenge. We analyzed data from Japan's national registry to clarify the current treatment patterns and demographic features of Japanese DM patients. METHODS Using the Japanese National Registry of Muscular Dystrophy (Remudy), we analyzed medical care practice for the multisystemic issues associated with adult DM type 1 patients, excluding congenital DM. RESULTS We included 809 patients with a median age of 44.2 years. Among these patients, 15.8% used ventilators; 31.7% met the index considered at risk for sudden death due to cardiac conduction defects (PR interval over 240 milliseconds or QRS duration over 120 milliseconds) and 2.8% had implanted cardiac devices. Medication for heart failure was prescribed to 9.6% of patients. Overall, 21.2% of patients had abnormal glucose metabolism, of whom 42.9% were treated with oral medications. Among the oral medications, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors were the most common. Cancers were observed in 3.7% of the patients, and endometrial and breast cancers were dominant. Mexiletine was prescribed for myotonia in 1.9% of the patients, and only 1% of the patients received medication for daytime sleepiness. DISCUSSION This study shows difference in treatment patterns for DM1 in Japan compared with other countries, such as lower rates of use of implantable cardiac devices and higher rates of ventilator use. These data may be useful in discussions aimed at standardizing medical care for patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yamauchi
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Matsumura
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroto Takada
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Aomori National Hospital, Namioka, Aomori, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuru
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Suzuka National Hospital Kasado, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Michio Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Akita National Hospital Yurihonjo, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kubota
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - En Kimura
- Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Ogawa-higashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harumasa Nakamura
- Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Ogawa-higashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori P Takahashi
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Pluripotent Stem Cells in Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery for Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040571. [PMID: 36831237 PMCID: PMC9954118 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a progressive multisystemic disease caused by the expansion of a CTG repeat tract within the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase gene (DMPK). Although DM1 is considered to be the most frequent myopathy of genetic origin in adults, DM1 patients exhibit a vast diversity of symptoms, affecting many different organs. Up until now, different in vitro models from patients' derived cells have largely contributed to the current understanding of DM1. Most of those studies have focused on muscle physiopathology. However, regarding the multisystemic aspect of DM1, there is still a crucial need for relevant cellular models to cover the whole complexity of the disease and open up options for new therapeutic approaches. This review discusses how human pluripotent stem cell-based models significantly contributed to DM1 mechanism decoding, and how they provided new therapeutic strategies that led to actual phase III clinical trials.
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7
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Misquitta NS, Ravel-Chapuis A, Jasmin BJ. Combinatorial treatment with exercise and AICAR potentiates the rescue of myotonic dystrophy type 1 mouse muscles in a sex-specific manner. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:551-566. [PMID: 36048859 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is emerging as a promising strategy for treating myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most prevalent form of adult-onset muscular dystrophy. We previously demonstrated that 5-aminomidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) and exercise, two potent AMPK activators, improve disease features in DM1 mouse skeletal muscles. Here, we employed a combinatorial approach with these AMPK activators and examined their joint impact on disease severity in male and female DM1 mice. Our data reveal that swimming exercise additively enhances the effect of AICAR in mitigating the nuclear accumulation of toxic CUGexp RNA foci. In addition, our findings show a trend towards an enhanced reversal of MBNL1 sequestration and correction in pathogenic alternative splicing events. Our results further demonstrate that the combinatorial impact of exercise and AICAR promotes muscle fiber hypertrophy in DM1 skeletal muscle. Importantly, these improvements occur in a sex-specific manner with greater benefits observed in female DM1 mice. Our findings demonstrate that combining AMPK-activating interventions may prove optimal for rescuing the DM1 muscle phenotype and uncover important sex differences in the response to AMPK-based therapeutic strategies in DM1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi S Misquitta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aymeric Ravel-Chapuis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard J Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Metformin Treatment Modulates Long Non-Coding RNA Isoforms Expression in Human Cells. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8050068. [PMID: 36287120 PMCID: PMC9607547 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8050068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) undergo splicing and have multiple transcribed isoforms. Nevertheless, for lncRNAs, as well as for mRNA, measurements of expression are routinely performed only at the gene level. Metformin is the first-line oral therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus and other metabolic diseases. However, its mechanism of action remains not thoroughly explained. Transcriptomic analyses using metformin in different cell types reveal that only protein-coding genes are considered. We aimed to characterize lncRNA isoforms that were differentially affected by metformin treatment on multiple human cell types (three cancer, two non-cancer) and to provide insights into the lncRNA regulation by this drug. We selected six series to perform a differential expression (DE) isoform analysis. We also inferred the biological roles for lncRNA DE isoforms using in silico tools. We found the same isoform of an lncRNA (AC016831.6-205) highly expressed in all six metformin series, which has a second exon putatively coding for a peptide with relevance to the drug action. Moreover, the other two lncRNA isoforms (ZBED5-AS1-207 and AC125807.2-201) may also behave as cis-regulatory elements to the expression of transcripts in their vicinity. Our results strongly reinforce the importance of considering DE isoforms of lncRNA for understanding metformin mechanisms at the molecular level.
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9
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Development of Therapeutic Approaches for Myotonic Dystrophies Type 1 and Type 2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810491. [PMID: 36142405 PMCID: PMC9499601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic Dystrophies type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) are complex multisystem diseases without disease-based therapies. These disorders are caused by the expansions of unstable CTG (DM1) and CCTG (DM2) repeats outside of the coding regions of the disease genes: DMPK in DM1 and CNBP in DM2. Multiple clinical and molecular studies provided a consensus for DM1 pathogenesis, showing that the molecular pathophysiology of DM1 is associated with the toxicity of RNA CUG repeats, which cause multiple disturbances in RNA metabolism in patients' cells. As a result, splicing, translation, RNA stability and transcription of multiple genes are misregulated in DM1 cells. While mutant CCUG repeats are the main cause of DM2, additional factors might play a role in DM2 pathogenesis. This review describes current progress in the translation of mechanistic knowledge in DM1 and DM2 to clinical trials, with a focus on the development of disease-specific therapies for patients with adult forms of DM1 and congenital DM1 (CDM1).
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10
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Xu X, Zou R, Liu X, Su Q. Alternative splicing signatures of congenital heart disease and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from congenital heart disease patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30123. [PMID: 35984151 PMCID: PMC9388029 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most serious congenital defect in newborns with higher mortality. Alternative splicing (AS) plays an essential role in numerous heart diseases. However, our understanding of the link between mRNA splicing and CHD in humans is limited. Here, we try to investigate the genome-wide AS events in CHD using bioinformatics methods. We collected available RNA-seq datasets of CHD-induced pluripotent stem cell-cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) (including single ventricle disease [SVD] and tetralogy of Fallot [TOF]) and non-CHD from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Then, we unprecedentedly performed AS profiles in CHD-iPSC-CMs and non-CHD-iPSC-CMs. The rMAPS was used to generate RNA-maps for the analysis of RNA-binding proteins' (RBPs) binding sites. We used StringTie to identify and quantify the transcripts from aligned RNA-Seq reads. A quantification matrix was generated with respect to different groups by extracting the transcripts per million values from StringTie outputs. Then, this matrix was used for correlation analysis between the expression level of RBP and AS level. Finally, we validated our AS results using RNA-seq data from CHD and non-CHD patient tissue samples. We identified CHD-related AS events using CHD-iPSC-CMs and CHD samples from patients. The results showed that functional enrichment of abnormal AS in SVD and TOF was transcription factor-related. Using rMAPS, RNA-binding proteins which regulated these AS were also determined, and RBP-AS regulatory network was constructed. Overall, we identified abnormal AS in CHD-iPSC-CMs and CHD samples from patients. We predicted AS regulators in SVD and TOF, respectively. At last, we concluded that AS played a key role in the pathogenesis of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, China
| | - Renchao Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, China
- *Correspondence: Qianqian Su, Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China (e-mail: )
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11
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Skeletal Muscle Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Platform for Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061428. [PMID: 35740450 PMCID: PMC9220148 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD), caused by mutations in 29 different genes, are the fourth most prevalent group of genetic muscle diseases. Although the link between LGMD and its genetic origins has been determined, LGMD still represent an unmet medical need. Here, we describe a platform for modeling LGMD based on the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). Thanks to the self-renewing and pluripotency properties of hiPSC, this platform provides a renewable and an alternative source of skeletal muscle cells (skMC) to primary, immortalized, or overexpressing cells. We report that skMC derived from hiPSC express the majority of the genes and proteins that cause LGMD. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate the importance of this cellular model for studying LGMDR9 by evaluating disease-specific phenotypes in skMC derived from hiPSC obtained from four patients.
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12
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Ravel-Chapuis A, Duchesne E, Jasmin BJ. Pharmacological and exercise-induced activation of AMPK as emerging therapies for myotonic dystrophy type 1 patients. J Physiol 2022; 600:3249-3264. [PMID: 35695045 DOI: 10.1113/jp282725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder with variable clinical features. Currently, there is no cure or effective treatment for DM1. The disease is caused by an expansion of CUG repeats in the 3' UTR of DMPK mRNAs. Mutant DMPK mRNAs accumulate in nuclei as RNA foci and trigger an imbalance in the level and localization of RNA-binding proteins causing the characteristic missplicing events that account for the varied DM1 symptoms, a disease mechanism referred to as RNA toxicity. In recent years, multiple signalling pathways have been identified as being aberrantly regulated in skeletal muscle in response to the CUG expansion, including AMPK, a sensor of energy status, as well as a master regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. Converging lines of evidence highlight the benefits of activating AMPK signalling pharmacologically on RNA toxicity, as well as on muscle histology and function, in preclinical DM1 models. Importantly, a clinical trial with metformin, an activator of AMPK, resulted in functional benefits in DM1 patients. In addition, exercise, a known AMPK activator, has shown promising effects on RNA toxicity and muscle function in DM1 mice. Finally, clinical trials involving moderate-intensity exercise also induced functional benefits for DM1 patients. Taken together, these studies clearly demonstrate the molecular, histological and functional benefits of AMPK activation and exercise-based interventions on the DM1 phenotype. Despite these advances, several key questions remain; in particular, the extent of the true implication of AMPK in the observed beneficial improvements, as well as how, mechanistically, activation of AMPK signalling improves the DM1 pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Ravel-Chapuis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Eric Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elise Duchesne
- Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur les Maladies Neuromusculaires (GRIMN), Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Hôpital de Jonquière, QC, Canada
| | - Bernard J Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Eric Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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13
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García-Puga M, Saenz-Antoñanzas A, Matheu A, López de Munain A. Targeting Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 with Metformin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052901. [PMID: 35270043 PMCID: PMC8910924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder of genetic origin. Progressive muscular weakness, atrophy and myotonia are its most prominent neuromuscular features, while additional clinical manifestations in multiple organs are also common. Overall, DM1 features resemble accelerated aging. There is currently no cure or specific treatment for myotonic dystrophy patients. However, in recent years a great effort has been made to identify potential new therapeutic strategies for DM1 patients. Metformin is a biguanide antidiabetic drug, with potential to delay aging at cellular and organismal levels. In DM1, different studies revealed that metformin rescues multiple phenotypes of the disease. This review provides an overview of recent findings describing metformin as a novel therapy to combat DM1 and their link with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel García-Puga
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED-CIBER), Carlos III Institute, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ander Saenz-Antoñanzas
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE), 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Carlos III Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.L.d.M.); Tel.: +34-943-006-073 (A.M.); +34-943-006-294 (A.L.d.M.)
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Neuromuscular Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED-CIBER), Carlos III Institute, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Department, Donostia University Hospital, OSAKIDETZA, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.L.d.M.); Tel.: +34-943-006-073 (A.M.); +34-943-006-294 (A.L.d.M.)
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14
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Espinosa-Espinosa J, González-Barriga A, López-Castel A, Artero R. Deciphering the Complex Molecular Pathogenesis of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 through Omics Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031441. [PMID: 35163365 PMCID: PMC8836095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Omics studies are crucial to improve our understanding of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most common muscular dystrophy in adults. Employing tissue samples and cell lines derived from patients and animal models, omics approaches have revealed the myriad alterations in gene and microRNA expression, alternative splicing, 3′ polyadenylation, CpG methylation, and proteins levels, among others, that contribute to this complex multisystem disease. In addition, omics characterization of drug candidate treatment experiments provides crucial insight into the degree of therapeutic rescue and off-target effects that can be achieved. Finally, several innovative technologies such as single-cell sequencing and artificial intelligence will have a significant impact on future DM1 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Espinosa-Espinosa
- University Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (J.E.-E.); (R.A.)
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Anchel González-Barriga
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Inserm, Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Arturo López-Castel
- University Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (J.E.-E.); (R.A.)
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963543028
| | - Rubén Artero
- University Research Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (J.E.-E.); (R.A.)
- Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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15
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Fralish Z, Lotz EM, Chavez T, Khodabukus A, Bursac N. Neuromuscular Development and Disease: Learning From in vitro and in vivo Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:764732. [PMID: 34778273 PMCID: PMC8579029 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.764732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a specialized cholinergic synaptic interface between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber that translates presynaptic electrical impulses into motor function. NMJ formation and maintenance require tightly regulated signaling and cellular communication among motor neurons, myogenic cells, and Schwann cells. Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) can result in loss of NMJ function and motor input leading to paralysis or even death. Although small animal models have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the NMJ structure and function, the complexities of studying this multi-tissue system in vivo and poor clinical outcomes of candidate therapies developed in small animal models has driven the need for in vitro models of functional human NMJ to complement animal studies. In this review, we discuss prevailing models of NMDs and highlight the current progress and ongoing challenges in developing human iPSC-derived (hiPSC) 3D cell culture models of functional NMJs. We first review in vivo development of motor neurons, skeletal muscle, Schwann cells, and the NMJ alongside current methods for directing the differentiation of relevant cell types from hiPSCs. We further compare the efficacy of modeling NMDs in animals and human cell culture systems in the context of five NMDs: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, and Pompe disease. Finally, we discuss further work necessary for hiPSC-derived NMJ models to function as effective personalized NMD platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Fralish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ethan M Lotz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Taylor Chavez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alastair Khodabukus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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16
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Liu J, Guo ZN, Yan XL, Yang Y, Huang S. Brain Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Strategies in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:755392. [PMID: 34867280 PMCID: PMC8634727 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.755392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common muscular dystrophy that affects multiple systems including the muscle and heart. The mutant CTG expansion at the 3′-UTR of the DMPK gene causes the expression of toxic RNA that aggregate as nuclear foci. The foci then interfere with RNA-binding proteins, affecting hundreds of mis-spliced effector genes, leading to aberrant alternative splicing and loss of effector gene product functions, ultimately resulting in systemic disorders. In recent years, increasing clinical, imaging, and pathological evidence have indicated that DM1, though to a lesser extent, could also be recognized as true brain diseases, with more and more researchers dedicating to develop novel therapeutic tools dealing with it. In this review, we summarize the current advances in the pathogenesis and pathology of central nervous system (CNS) deficits in DM1, intervention measures currently being investigated are also highlighted, aiming to promote novel and cutting-edge therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Shuo Huang,
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17
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De Serres-Bérard T, Pierre M, Chahine M, Puymirat J. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying brain alterations and cognitive impairment in congenital myotonic dystrophy. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 160:105532. [PMID: 34655747 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic and heterogeneous disorder caused by the expansion of CTG repeats in the 3' UTR of the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) gene. There is a congenital form (CDM1) of the disease characterized by severe hypotonia, respiratory insufficiency as well as developmental delays and intellectual disabilities. CDM1 infants manifest important brain structure abnormalities present from birth while, in contrast, older patients with adult-onset DM1 often present neurodegenerative features and milder progressive cognitive deficits. Promising therapies targeting central molecular mechanisms contributing to the symptoms of adult-onset DM1 are currently in development, but their relevance for treating cognitive impairment in CDM1, which seems to be a partially distinct neurodevelopmental disorder, remain to be elucidated. Here, we provide an update on the clinical presentation of CDM1 and review recent in vitro and in vivo models that have provided meaningful insights on its consequences in development, with a particular focus on the brain. We discuss how enhanced toxic gain-of-function of the mutated DMPK transcripts with larger CUG repeats and the resulting dysregulation of RNA-binding proteins may affect the developing cortex in utero. Because the methylation of CpG islets flanking the trinucleotide repeats has emerged as a strong biomarker of CDM1, we highlight the need to investigate the tissue-specific impacts of these chromatin modifications in the brain. Finally, we outline promising potential therapeutic treatments for CDM1 and propose future in vitro and in vivo models with great potential to shed light on this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiéry De Serres-Bérard
- LOEX, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Marion Pierre
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mohamed Chahine
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec City, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.
| | - Jack Puymirat
- LOEX, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
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18
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Montagnese F. Current Treatment Options for Patients with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11940-021-00686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of the review
Myotonic dystrophy types 1 and 2 are frequent forms of muscular dystrophies in adulthood. Their clinical differences need to be taken into account for the most appropriate treatment of patients. The aim of this article is to provide an overview on the current and upcoming therapeutic options for patients with myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2).
Recent findings
At the moment, no disease-modifying therapies are available for DM2; next-generation therapies may however be available in the near future. In the meanwhile, the symptomatic management of patients has greatly improved, thank to the production of consensus-based standards of care and the growing evidence of efficacy of anti-myotonic drugs, promising employment of cannabinoids for symptom’s relief, regular monitoring, and early detection of treatable extra-muscular manifestations.
Summary
The treatment of DM2 is currently symptomatic and relies on the coordinated intervention of a multidisciplinary team. It remains to be determined whether upcoming causal therapies for myotonic dystrophy type 1 will be applicable also in DM2.
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19
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Pascual-Gilabert M, López-Castel A, Artero R. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 drug development: A pipeline toward the market. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1765-1772. [PMID: 33798646 PMCID: PMC8372527 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic neuromuscular genetic disease with an estimated prevalence of approximately at least half a million individuals based on its vast ethnic variation. Building upon a well-known physiopathology and several proof-of-concept therapeutic approaches, herein we compile a comprehensive overview of the most recent drug development programs under preclinical and clinical evaluation. Specifically, close to two dozen drug developments, eight of which are already in clinical trials, explore a diversity of new chemical entities, drug repurposing, oligonucleotide, and gene therapy-based approaches. Of these, repurposing of tideglusib, mexiletine, or metformin appear to be therapies with the most potential to receive marketing authorization for DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arturo López-Castel
- University Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ruben Artero
- University Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
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20
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Alexander MS, Hightower RM, Reid AL, Bennett AH, Iyer L, Slonim DK, Saha M, Kawahara G, Kunkel LM, Kopin AS, Gupta VA, Kang PB, Draper I. hnRNP L is essential for myogenic differentiation and modulates myotonic dystrophy pathologies. Muscle Nerve 2021; 63:928-940. [PMID: 33651408 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an important role in skeletal muscle development and disease by regulating RNA splicing. In myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the RBP MBNL1 (muscleblind-like) is sequestered by toxic CUG repeats, leading to missplicing of MBNL1 targets. Mounting evidence from the literature has implicated other factors in the pathogenesis of DM1. Herein we sought to evaluate the functional role of the splicing factor hnRNP L in normal and DM1 muscle cells. METHODS Co-immunoprecipitation assays using hnRNPL and MBNL1 expression constructs and splicing profiling in normal and DM1 muscle cell lines were performed. Zebrafish morpholinos targeting hnrpl and hnrnpl2 were injected into one-cell zebrafish for developmental and muscle analysis. In human myoblasts downregulation of hnRNP L was achieved with shRNAi. Ascochlorin administration to DM1 myoblasts was performed and expression of the CUG repeats, DM1 splicing biomarkers, and hnRNP L expression levels were evaluated. RESULTS Using DM1 patient myoblast cell lines we observed the formation of abnormal hnRNP L nuclear foci within and outside the expanded CUG repeats, suggesting a role for this factor in DM1 pathology. We showed that the antiviral and antitumorigenic isoprenoid compound ascochlorin increased MBNL1 and hnRNP L expression levels. Drug treatment of DM1 muscle cells with ascochlorin partially rescued missplicing of established early biomarkers of DM1 and improved the defective myotube formation displayed by DM1 muscle cells. DISCUSSION Together, these studies revealed that hnRNP L can modulate DM1 pathologies and is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Alexander
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rylie M Hightower
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Andrea L Reid
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Alexis H Bennett
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lakshmanan Iyer
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donna K Slonim
- Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Madhurima Saha
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Genri Kawahara
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Louis M Kunkel
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alan S Kopin
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vandana A Gupta
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter B Kang
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Genetics Institute and Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Neurology Department, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Isabelle Draper
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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22
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Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 12:e1643. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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23
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Guilhot F. [Human cells for therapeutics purpose: State of the art]. BULLETIN DE L'ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE 2020; 204:866-876. [PMID: 32836290 PMCID: PMC7373032 DOI: 10.1016/j.banm.2020.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells as well as human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent and their derivation has been used for the understanding of numerous diseases. Currently they are also used for the treatment of neurologic disorders such as Parkinson disease or cardiac disorders. Gene therapy has been successful for the treatment of hemophilia A and B, hemoglobinopathies and immunodeficiencies. Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation is a well-accepted therapeutic strategy for Leukemias, whereas CAR-T cells is a new promising approach even for lymphomas and myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guilhot
- Inserm CIC 1402, CHU de Poitiers, 2, rue de la Milétrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
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24
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Ustinova M, Ansone L, Silamikelis I, Rovite V, Elbere I, Silamikele L, Kalnina I, Fridmanis D, Sokolovska J, Konrade I, Pirags V, Klovins J. Whole-blood transcriptome profiling reveals signatures of metformin and its therapeutic response. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237400. [PMID: 32780768 PMCID: PMC7418999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin, a biguanide agent, is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus due to its glucose-lowering effect. Despite its wide application in the treatment of multiple health conditions, the glycemic response to metformin is highly variable, emphasizing the need for reliable biomarkers. We chose the RNA-Seq-based comparative transcriptomics approach to evaluate the systemic effect of metformin and highlight potential predictive biomarkers of metformin response in drug-naïve volunteers with type 2 diabetes in vivo. The longitudinal blood-derived transcriptome analysis revealed metformin-induced differential expression of novel and previously described genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis (SLC46A1 and LRP1), cancer development (CYP1B1, STAB1, CCR2, TMEM176B), and immune responses (CD14, CD163) after administration of metformin for three months. We demonstrate for the first time a transcriptome-based molecular discrimination between metformin responders (delta HbA1c ≥ 1% or 12.6 mmol/mol) and non-responders (delta HbA1c < 1% or 12.6 mmol/mol), that is determined by expression levels of 56 genes, explaining 13.9% of the variance in the therapeutic efficacy of the drug. Moreover, we found a significant upregulation of IRS2 gene (log2FC 0.89) in responders compared to non-responders before the use of metformin. Finally, we provide evidence for the mitochondrial respiratory complex I as one of the factors related to the high variability of the therapeutic response to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monta Ustinova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Laura Ansone
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Vita Rovite
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilze Elbere
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Ineta Kalnina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | - Ilze Konrade
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Valdis Pirags
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Klovins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
- * E-mail:
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25
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AMP-activated protein kinase regulates alternative pre-mRNA splicing by phosphorylation of SRSF1. Biochem J 2020; 477:2237-2248. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates cellular energy homeostasis by inhibiting anabolic processes and activating catabolic processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that metformin, which is an AMPK activator, modifies alternative precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) splicing. However, no direct substrate of AMPK for alternative pre-mRNA splicing has been reported. In the present study, we identified the splicing factor serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) as a novel AMPK substrate. AMPK directly phosphorylated SRSF1 at Ser133 in an RNA recognition motif. Ser133 phosphorylation suppressed the interaction between SRSF1 and specific RNA sequences without altering the subcellular localization of SRSF1. Moreover, AMPK regulated the SRSF1-mediated alternative pre-mRNA splicing of Ron, which is a macrophage-stimulating protein receptor, by suppressing its interaction with exon 12 of Ron pre-mRNA. The findings of this study revealed that the AMPK-dependent phosphorylation of SRSF1 at Ser133 inhibited the ability of SRSF1 to bind RNA and regulated alternative pre-mRNA splicing.
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26
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Wansink DG, Gourdon G, van Engelen BGM, Schoser B. 248th ENMC International Workshop: Myotonic dystrophies: Molecular approaches for clinical purposes, framing a European molecular research network, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands, 11-13 October 2019. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:521-531. [PMID: 32417002 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Derick G Wansink
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Geneviève Gourdon
- Inserm UMR 974, Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Association Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GC Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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27
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García-Puga M, Saenz-Antoñanzas A, Fernández-Torrón R, Munain ALD, Matheu A. Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 cells display impaired metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction that are reversed by metformin. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6260-6275. [PMID: 32310829 PMCID: PMC7185118 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1; MIM #160900) is an autosomal dominant disorder, clinically characterized by progressive muscular weakness and multisystem degeneration. The broad phenotypes observed in patients with DM1 resemble the appearance of a multisystem accelerated aging process. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypes remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized the impact of metabolism and mitochondria on fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients with DM1 and healthy individuals. Our results revealed a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) activity, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), ATP production, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial dynamics in DM1 fibroblasts, as well as increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PBMCs of DM1 patients also displayed reduced mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism. Moreover, treatment with metformin reversed the metabolic and mitochondrial defects as well as additional accelerated aging phenotypes, such as impaired proliferation, in DM1-derived fibroblasts. Our results identify impaired cell metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction as important drivers of DM1 pathophysiology and, therefore, reveal the efficacy of metformin treatment in a pre-clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel García-Puga
- Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Fernández-Torrón
- Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,Neurology Department, Donostia University Hospital, OSAKIDETZA, San Sebastian, Spain.,CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- Neuroscience Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,Neurology Department, Donostia University Hospital, OSAKIDETZA, San Sebastian, Spain.,CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,CIBERfes, Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Alsaggaf R, Pfeiffer RM, Wang Y, St George DMM, Zhan M, Wagner KR, Amr S, Greene MH, Gadalla SM. Diabetes, metformin and cancer risk in myotonic dystrophy type I. Int J Cancer 2019; 147:785-792. [PMID: 31749144 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder characterized by myotonia and muscle weakness. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cancer have been shown to be part of the DM1 phenotype. Metformin, a well-established agent for the management of T2D, is thought to have cancer-preventive effects in the general population. In our study, we aimed to assess the association between T2D, metformin use and the risk of cancer in DM1 patients. We identified a cohort of 913 DM1 patients and an age-, sex- and clinic-matched cohort of 12,318 DM1-free controls from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a large primary care records database. We used Cox regression models to assess cancer risk in T2D patients who were metformin users or nonusers compared to patients without T2D. Separate analyses were conducted for DM1 patients and controls. T2D was more prevalent in DM1 than in controls (8% vs. 3%, p < 0.0001). DM1 patients with T2D, compared to those without T2D, were more likely to develop cancer (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18-10.97; p = 0.02), but not if they were treated with metformin (HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.06-3.35; p = 0.42). Among controls, we observed no significant associations between T2D and cancer risk in either users or nonusers of Metformin (HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.91-1.79; p = 0.16 and HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.72-1.79; p = 0.59, respectively). These results show an association between T2D and cancer risk in DM1 patients and may provide new insights into the possible benefits of Metformin use in DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotana Alsaggaf
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Youjin Wang
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Min Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kathryn R Wagner
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD.,Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sania Amr
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD.,Marlene and Stuart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shahinaz M Gadalla
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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29
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Nieuwenhuis S, Okkersen K, Widomska J, Blom P, 't Hoen PAC, van Engelen B, Glennon JC. Insulin Signaling as a Key Moderator in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1229. [PMID: 31849810 PMCID: PMC6901991 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by multi-system involvement. Affected organ system includes skeletal muscle, heart, gastro-intestinal system and the brain. In this review, we evaluate the evidence for alterations in insulin signaling and their relation to clinical DM1 features. We start by summarizing the molecular pathophysiology of DM1. Next, an overview of normal insulin signaling physiology is given, and evidence for alterations herein in DM1 is presented. Clinically, evidence for involvement of insulin signaling pathways in DM1 is based on the increased incidence of insulin resistance seen in clinical practice and recent trial evidence of beneficial effects of metformin on muscle function. Indirectly, further support may be derived from certain CNS derived symptoms characteristic of DM1, such as obsessive-compulsive behavior features, for which links with altered insulin signaling has been demonstrated in other diseases. At the basic scientific level, several pathophysiological mechanisms that operate in DM1 may compromise normal insulin signaling physiology. The evidence presented here reflects the importance of insulin signaling in relation to clinical features of DM1 and justifies further basic scientific and clinical, therapeutically oriented research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Nieuwenhuis
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kees Okkersen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Joanna Widomska
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Paul Blom
- VDL Enabling Technologies Group B.V., Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Peter A C 't Hoen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Baziel van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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30
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Increased Muscleblind levels by chloroquine treatment improve myotonic dystrophy type 1 phenotypes in in vitro and in vivo models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:25203-25213. [PMID: 31754023 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820297116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a life-threatening and chronically debilitating neuromuscular disease caused by the expansion of a CTG trinucleotide repeat in the 3' UTR of the DMPK gene. The mutant RNA forms insoluble structures capable of sequestering RNA binding proteins of the Muscleblind-like (MBNL) family, which ultimately leads to phenotypes. In this work, we demonstrate that treatment with the antiautophagic drug chloroquine was sufficient to up-regulate MBNL1 and 2 proteins in Drosophila and mouse (HSALR) models and patient-derived myoblasts. Extra Muscleblind was functional at the molecular level and improved splicing events regulated by MBNLs in all disease models. In vivo, chloroquine restored locomotion, rescued average cross-sectional muscle area, and extended median survival in DM1 flies. In HSALR mice, the drug restored muscular strength and histopathology signs and reduced the grade of myotonia. Taken together, these results offer a means to replenish critically low MBNL levels in DM1.
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31
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Jenquin JR, Yang H, Huigens RW, Nakamori M, Berglund JA. Combination Treatment of Erythromycin and Furamidine Provides Additive and Synergistic Rescue of Mis-Splicing in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Models. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2019; 2:247-263. [PMID: 31485578 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multi-systemic disease that presents with clinical symptoms including myotonia, cardiac dysfunction and cognitive impairment. DM1 is caused by a CTG expansion in the 3' UTR of the DMPK gene. The transcribed expanded CUG repeat RNA sequester the muscleblind-like (MBNL) and up-regulate the CUG-BP Elav-like (CELF) families of RNA-binding proteins leading to global mis-regulation of RNA processing and altered gene expression. Currently, there are no disease-targeting treatments for DM1. Given the multi-step pathogenic mechanism, combination therapies targeting different aspects of the disease mechanism may be a viable therapeutic approach. Here, as proof-of-concept, we studied a combination of two previously characterized small molecules, erythromycin and furamidine, in two DM1 models. In DM1 patient-derived myotubes, rescue of mis-splicing was observed with little to no cell toxicity. In a DM1 mouse model, a combination of erythromycin and the prodrug of furamidine (pafuramidine), administered orally, displayed both additive and synergistic mis-splicing rescue. Gene expression was only modestly affected and over 40 % of the genes showing significant expression changes were rescued back toward WT expression levels. Further, the combination treatment partially rescued the myotonia phenotype in the DM1 mouse. This combination treatment showed a high degree of mis-splicing rescue coupled with low off-target gene expression changes. These results indicate that combination therapies are a promising therapeutic approach for DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana R Jenquin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for NeuroGenetics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Masayuki Nakamori
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - J Andrew Berglund
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for NeuroGenetics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32610, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, RNA Institute, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany-SUNY, Albany, New York, 12222, USA
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32
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More than a messenger: Alternative splicing as a therapeutic target. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:194395. [PMID: 31271898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is an essential post- and co-transcriptional mechanism of gene expression regulation that produces multiple mature mRNA transcripts from a single gene. Genetic mutations that affect splicing underlie numerous devastating diseases. The complexity of splicing regulation allows for multiple therapeutic approaches to correct disease-associated mis-splicing events. In this review, we first highlight recent findings from therapeutic strategies that have used splice switching antisense oligonucleotides and small molecules that bind directly to RNA. Second, we summarize different genetic and chemical approaches to target components of the spliceosome to correct splicing defects in pathological conditions. Finally, we present an overview of compounds that target kinases and accessory pathways that intersect with the splicing machinery. Advancements in the understanding of disease-specific defects caused by mis-regulation of alternative splicing will certainly increase the development of therapeutic options for the clinic. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA structure and splicing regulation edited by Francisco Baralle, Ravindra Singh and Stefan Stamm.
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33
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Ravel-Chapuis A, Al-Rewashdy A, Bélanger G, Jasmin BJ. Pharmacological and physiological activation of AMPK improves the spliceopathy in DM1 mouse muscles. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3361-3376. [PMID: 29982462 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a debilitating multisystemic disorder caused by a triplet repeat expansion in the 3' untranslated region of dystrophia myotonica protein kinase mRNAs. Mutant mRNAs accumulate in the nucleus of affected cells and misregulate RNA-binding proteins, thereby promoting characteristic missplicing events. However, little is known about the signaling pathways that may be affected in DM1. Here, we investigated the status of activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in DM1 skeletal muscle and found that the AMPK pathway is markedly repressed in a DM1 mouse model (human skeletal actin-long repeat, HSALR) and patient-derived DM1 myoblasts. Chronic pharmacological activation of AMPK signaling in DM1 mice with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) has multiple beneficial effects on the DM1 phenotype. Indeed, a 6-week AICAR treatment of DM1 mice promoted expression of a slower, more oxidative phenotype, improved muscle histology and corrected several events associated with RNA toxicity. Importantly, AICAR also had a dose-dependent positive effect on the spliceopathy in patient-derived DM1 myoblasts. In separate experiments, we also show that chronic treatment of DM1 mice with resveratrol as well as voluntary wheel running also rescued missplicing events in muscle. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of chronic AMPK stimulation both physiologically and pharmacologically for DM1 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Ravel-Chapuis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Al-Rewashdy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Guy Bélanger
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard J Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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34
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Jackson TC, Kochanek PM. A New Vision for Therapeutic Hypothermia in the Era of Targeted Temperature Management: A Speculative Synthesis. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2019; 9:13-47. [PMID: 30802174 PMCID: PMC6434603 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2019.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three decades of animal studies have reproducibly shown that hypothermia is profoundly cerebroprotective during or after a central nervous system (CNS) insult. The success of hypothermia in preclinical acute brain injury has not only fostered continued interest in research on the classic secondary injury mechanisms that are prevented or blunted by hypothermia but has also sparked a surge of new interest in elucidating beneficial signaling molecules that are increased by cooling. Ironically, while research into cold-induced neuroprotection is enjoying newfound interest in chronic neurodegenerative disease, conversely, the scope of the utility of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) across the field of acute brain injury is somewhat controversial and remains to be fully defined. This has led to the era of Targeted Temperature Management, which emphasizes a wider range of temperatures (33–36°C) showing benefit in acute brain injury. In this comprehensive review, we focus on our current understandings of the novel neuroprotective mechanisms activated by TH, and discuss the critical importance of developmental age germane to its clinical efficacy. We review emerging data on four cold stress hormones and three cold shock proteins that have generated new interest in hypothermia in the field of CNS injury, to create a framework for new frontiers in TH research. We make the case that further elucidation of novel cold responsive pathways might lead to major breakthroughs in the treatment of acute brain injury, chronic neurological diseases, and have broad potential implications for medicines of the distant future, including scenarios such as the prevention of adverse effects of long-duration spaceflight, among others. Finally, we introduce several new phrases that readily summarize the essence of the major concepts outlined by this review—namely, Ultramild Hypothermia, the “Responsivity of Cold Stress Pathways,” and “Hypothermia in a Syringe.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis C Jackson
- 1 John G. Rangos Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patrick M Kochanek
- 1 John G. Rangos Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Vita G, Vita GL, Musumeci O, Rodolico C, Messina S. Genetic neuromuscular disorders: living the era of a therapeutic revolution. Part 2: diseases of motor neuron and skeletal muscle. Neurol Sci 2019; 40:671-681. [PMID: 30805745 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-03764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This is the second part of a two-part document intended to discuss recent therapeutic progresses in genetic neuromuscular disorders. The present review is for diseases of motor neuron and skeletal muscle, some of which reached recently the most innovative therapeutic approaches. Nusinersen, an SMN2 mRNA splicing modifier, was approved as first-ever therapy of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) by FDA in 2016 and by EMA in 2017. The orally administered small-molecule risdiplam, which increases SMN protein levels similarly but also in peripheral organs, is tested in ongoing phase 2 and 3 trials. After positive results with phase 1 treatment with AAV9-SMN, the first gene therapy for SMA, a phase 3 clinical trial is ongoing. Ataluren is the first approved drug for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients with premature stop codon mutations and its indication has been recently extended since the age of 2 years. Exon skipping technology was and is currently tested in many phase 3 trials, and eteplirsen received a conditional approval by FDA for patients amenable to exon 51 skipping, but not by EMA. Many other compounds with different mechanisms of action are now tested in DMD by phase 2 and 3 trials, including phase 1 gene therapy. Other innovative approaches are under investigation, i.e., gene therapy in X-linked myotubular myopathy and Pompe disease, and antisense oligonucleotides in myotonic dystrophy type 1. Positive evidences are discussed about lamotrigine and ranolazine in non-dystrophic myotonias, chaperons in Pompe disease, and nucleosides in mitochondrial DNA depletion induced by thymidine kinase 2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vita
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. .,Nemo Sud Clinical Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Messina, Italy.
| | - Gian Luca Vita
- Nemo Sud Clinical Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Messina, Italy
| | - Olimpia Musumeci
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Rodolico
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sonia Messina
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Nemo Sud Clinical Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, Messina, Italy
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Manta A, Stouth DW, Xhuti D, Chi L, Rebalka IA, Kalmar JM, Hawke TJ, Ljubicic V. Chronic exercise mitigates disease mechanisms and improves muscle function in myotonic dystrophy type 1 mice. J Physiol 2019; 597:1361-1381. [PMID: 30628727 DOI: 10.1113/jp277123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the second most common muscular dystrophy and most prevalent adult form of muscular dystrophy, is characterized by muscle weakness, wasting and myotonia. A microsatellite repeat expansion mutation results in RNA toxicity and dysregulation of mRNA processing, which are the primary downstream causes of the disorder. Recent studies with DM1 participants demonstrate that exercise is safe, enjoyable and elicits benefits in muscle strength and function; however, the molecular mechanisms of exercise adaptation in DM1 are undefined. Our results demonstrate that 7 weeks of volitional running wheel exercise in a pre-clinical DM1 mouse model resulted in significantly improved motor performance, muscle strength and endurance, as well as reduced myotonia. At the cellular level, chronic physical activity attenuated RNA toxicity, liberated Muscleblind-like 1 protein from myonuclear foci and improved mRNA alternative splicing. ABSTRACT Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a trinucleotide repeat expansion neuromuscular disorder that is most prominently characterized by skeletal muscle weakness, wasting and myotonia. Chronic physical activity is safe and satisfying, and can elicit functional benefits such as improved strength and endurance in DM1 patients, but the underlying cellular basis of exercise adaptation is undefined. Our purpose was to examine the mechanisms of exercise biology in DM1. Healthy, sedentary wild-type (SED-WT) mice, as well as sedentary human skeletal actin-long repeat animals, a murine model of DM1 myopathy (SED-DM1), and DM1 mice with volitional access to a running wheel for 7 weeks (EX-DM1), were utilized. Chronic exercise augmented strength and endurance in vivo and in situ in DM1 mice. These alterations coincided with normalized measures of myopathy, as well as increased mitochondrial content. Electromyography revealed a 70-85% decrease in the duration of myotonic discharges in muscles from EX-DM1 compared to SED-DM1 animals. The exercise-induced enhancements in muscle function corresponded at the molecular level with mitigated spliceopathy, specifically the processing of bridging integrator 1 and muscle-specific chloride channel (CLC-1) transcripts. CLC-1 protein content and sarcolemmal expression were lower in SED-DM1 versus SED-WT animals, but they were similar between SED-WT and EX-DM1 groups. Chronic exercise also attenuated RNA toxicity, as indicated by reduced (CUG)n foci-positive myonuclei and sequestered Muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1). Our data indicate that chronic exercise-induced physiological improvements in DM1 occur in concert with mitigated primary downstream disease mechanisms, including RNA toxicity, MBNL1 loss-of-function, and alternative mRNA splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Manta
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - Derek W Stouth
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - Donald Xhuti
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - Leon Chi
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - Irena A Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - Jayne M Kalmar
- Department of Kinesiology & Physical Education, Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3C5
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8S 4K1
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Maury Y, Poydenot P, Brinon B, Lesueur L, Gide J, Roquevière S, Côme J, Polvèche H, Auboeuf D, Alexandre Denis J, Pietu G, Furling D, Lechuga M, Baghdoyan S, Peschanski M, Martinat C. Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Drug Screening Reveals Cardiac Glycosides as Modulators of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. iScience 2019; 11:258-271. [PMID: 30639849 PMCID: PMC6327858 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently no treatment for myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most frequent myopathy of genetic origin. This progressive neuromuscular disease is caused by nuclear-retained RNAs containing expanded CUG repeats. These toxic RNAs alter the activities of RNA splicing factors, resulting in alternative splicing misregulation. By combining human mutated pluripotent stem cells and phenotypic drug screening, we revealed that cardiac glycosides act as modulators for both upstream nuclear aggregations of DMPK mRNAs and several downstream alternative mRNA splicing defects. However, these occurred at different drug concentration ranges. Similar biological effects were recorded in a DM1 mouse model. At the mechanistic level, we demonstrated that this effect was calcium dependent and was synergic with inhibition of the ERK pathway. These results further underscore the value of stem-cell-based assays for drug discovery in monogenic diseases. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 hPSCs were adapted for high content screening FDA-approved cardiac glycosides normalize in vitro and in vivo DM1 biological markers Cardiac glycosides synergize with the ERK pathway to normalize DM1 biomarkers This study emphasizes the value of human pluripotent stem cells for drug discovery
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Maury
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | | | | | - Lea Lesueur
- INSERM, UMR 861, UEVE, ISTEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | | | | | - Julien Côme
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | | | | | | | - Geneviève Pietu
- INSERM, UMR 861, UEVE, ISTEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Denis Furling
- Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Myologie - UMRS974, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Marc Lechuga
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | | | - Marc Peschanski
- CECS, I-STEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France; INSERM, UMR 861, UEVE, ISTEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Cécile Martinat
- INSERM, UMR 861, UEVE, ISTEM, AFM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
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Baghdoyan S, Bassez G, Audureau E, Peschanski M. [Pharmacological research and pluripotent stem cells: from the innovative experimental paradigm to the successful clinical trial]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 35:26-29. [PMID: 30672450 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2018316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Baghdoyan
- Inserm/UEVE 861, I-Stem, 28, rue Henri Desbruères, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Guillaume Bassez
- Institut de myologie, hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Etienne Audureau
- Service de santé publique, hôpital Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Marc Peschanski
- CECS/AFM, I-Stem, 28, rue Henri Desbruères, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
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Dlamini Z, Hull R, Makhafola TJ, Mbele M. Regulation of alternative splicing in obesity-induced hypertension. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:1597-1615. [PMID: 31695458 PMCID: PMC6718130 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s188680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the result of genetics which predisposes an individual to obesity and environmental factors, resulting in excessive weight gain. A well-established linear relationship exists between hypertension and obesity. The combined burden of hypertension and obesity poses significant health and economic challenges. Many environmental factors and genetic traits interact to contribute to obesity-linked hypertension. These include excess sodium re-absorption or secretion by the kidneys, a hypertensive shift of renal-pressure and activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Most individuals suffering from hypertension need drugs in order to treat their raised blood pressure, and while a number of antihypertensive therapeutic agents are currently available, 50% of cases remain uncontrolled. In order to develop new and effective therapeutic agents combating obesity-induced hypertension, a thorough understanding of the molecular events leading to adipogenesis is critical. With the advent of whole genome and exome sequencing techniques, new genes and variants which can be used as markers for obesity and hypertension are being identified. This review examines the role played by alternative splicing (AS) as a contributing factor to the metabolic regulation of obesity-induced hypertension. Splicing mutations constitute at least 14% of the disease-causing mutations, thus implicating polymorphisms that effect splicing as indicators of disease susceptibility. The unique transcripts resulting from the alternate splicing of mRNA encoding proteins that play a key role in contributing to obesity would be vital to gain a proper understanding of the genetic causes of obesity. A greater knowledge of the genetic basis for obesity-linked hypertension will assist in the development of appropriate diagnostic tests as well as the identification of new personalized therapeutic targets against obesity-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zodwa Dlamini
- South African Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield0028, South Africa
- Correspondence: Zodwa Dlamini South African Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South AfricaTel +27 3 18 199 334/5Email
| | - Rodney Hull
- South African Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield0028, South Africa
| | - Tshepiso J Makhafola
- South African Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield0028, South Africa
| | - Mzwandile Mbele
- South African Medical Research Council/University of Pretoria Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield0028, South Africa
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Myotonic Dystrophy: an RNA Toxic Gain of Function Tauopathy? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1184:207-216. [PMID: 32096040 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9358-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophies (DM) are rare inherited neuromuscular disorders linked to microsatellite unstable expansions in non-coding regions of ubiquitously expressed genes. The DMPK and ZNF9/CNBP genes which mutations are responsible for DM1 and DM2 respectively. DM are multisystemic disorders with brain affection and cognitive deficits. Brain lesions consisting of neurofibrillary tangles are often observed in DM1 and DM2 brain. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) made of aggregates of hyper and abnormally phosphorylated isoforms of Tau proteins are neuropathological lesions common to more than 20 neurological disorders globally referred to as Tauopathies. Although NFT are observed in DM1 and DM2 brain, the question of whether DM1 and DM2 are Tauopathies remains a matter of debate. In the present review, several pathophysiological processes including, missplicing, nucleocytoplasmic transport disruption, RAN translation which are common mechanisms implicated in neurodegenerative diseases will be described. Together, these processes including the missplicing of Tau are providing evidence that DM1 and DM2 are not solely muscular diseases but that their brain affection component share many similarities with Tauopathies and other neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding DM1 and DM2 pathophysiology is therefore valuable to more globally understand other neurodegenerative diseases such as Tauopathies but also frontotemporal lobar neurodegeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Ng SY, Manta A, Ljubicic V. Exercise biology of neuromuscular disorders. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 43:1194-1206. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) are chronic conditions that affect the neuromuscular system. Many NMDs currently have no cure; however, as more effective therapies become available for NMD patients, these individuals will exhibit improved health and/or prolonged lifespans. As a result, persons with NMDs will likely desire to engage in a more diverse variety of activities of daily living, including increased physical activity or exercise. Therefore, there is a need to increase our knowledge of the effects of acute exercise and chronic training on the neuromuscular system in NMD contexts. Here, we discuss the disease mechanisms and exercise biology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), which are among the most prevalent NMDs in children and adults. Evidence from clinical and preclinical studies are reviewed, with emphasis on the functional outcomes of exercise, as well as on the putative cellular mechanisms that drive exercise-induced remodelling of the neuromuscular system. Continued investigation of the molecular mechanisms of exercise adaptation in DMD, SMA, and DM1 will assist in enhancing our understanding of the biology of these most prevalent NMDs. This information may also be useful for guiding the development of novel therapeutic targets for future pursuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Y. Ng
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Alexander Manta
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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42
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Facilitation of hippocampal long-term potentiation and reactivation of latent HIV-1 via AMPK activation: Common mechanism of action linking learning, memory, and the potential eradication of HIV-1. Med Hypotheses 2018; 116:61-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Matloka M, Klein AF, Rau F, Furling D. Cells of Matter- In Vitro Models for Myotonic Dystrophy. Front Neurol 2018; 9:361. [PMID: 29875732 PMCID: PMC5974047 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1 also known as Steinert disease) is a multisystemic disorder mainly characterized by myotonia, progressive muscle weakness and wasting, cognitive impairments, and cardiac defects. This autosomal dominant disease is caused by the expression of nuclear retained RNAs containing pathologic expanded CUG repeats that alter the function of RNA-binding proteins in a tissue-specific manner, leading ultimately to neuromuscular dysfunction and clinical symptoms. Although considerable knowledge has been gathered on myotonic dystrophy since its first description, the development of novel relevant disease models remains of high importance to investigate pathophysiologic mechanisms and to assess new therapeutic approaches. In addition to animal models, in vitro cell cultures provide a unique resource for both fundamental and translational research. This review discusses how cellular models broke ground to decipher molecular basis of DM1 and describes currently available cell models, ranging from exogenous expression of the CTG tracts to variable patients' derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Denis Furling
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris, France
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44
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López-Morató M, Brook JD, Wojciechowska M. Small Molecules Which Improve Pathogenesis of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. Front Neurol 2018; 9:349. [PMID: 29867749 PMCID: PMC5968088 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults for which there is currently no treatment. The pathogenesis of this autosomal dominant disorder is associated with the expansion of CTG repeats in the 3'-UTR of the DMPK gene. DMPK transcripts with expanded CUG repeats (CUGexpDMPK) are retained in the nucleus forming multiple discrete foci, and their presence triggers a cascade of toxic events. Thus far, most research emphasis has been on interactions of CUGexpDMPK with the muscleblind-like (MBNL) family of splicing factors. These proteins are sequestered by the expanded CUG repeats of DMPK RNA leading to their functional depletion. As a consequence, abnormalities in many pathways of RNA metabolism, including alternative splicing, are detected in DM1. To date, in vitro and in vivo efforts to develop therapeutic strategies for DM1 have mostly been focused on targeting CUGexpDMPK via reducing their expression and/or preventing interactions with MBNL1. Antisense oligonucleotides targeted to the CUG repeats in the DMPK transcripts are of particular interest due to their potential capacity to discriminate between mutant and normal transcripts. However, a growing number of reports describe alternative strategies using small molecule chemicals acting independently of a direct interaction with CUGexpDMPK. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about these chemicals and we describe the beneficial effects they caused in different DM1 experimental models. We also present potential mechanisms of action of these compounds and pathways they affect which could be considered for future therapeutic interventions in DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta López-Morató
- Queen’s Medical Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - John David Brook
- Queen’s Medical Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marzena Wojciechowska
- Queen’s Medical Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Poznan, Poland
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45
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Benoit-Pilven C, Marchet C, Chautard E, Lima L, Lambert MP, Sacomoto G, Rey A, Cologne A, Terrone S, Dulaurier L, Claude JB, Bourgeois CF, Auboeuf D, Lacroix V. Complementarity of assembly-first and mapping-first approaches for alternative splicing annotation and differential analysis from RNAseq data. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4307. [PMID: 29523794 PMCID: PMC5844962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21770-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide analyses estimate that more than 90% of multi exonic human genes produce at least two transcripts through alternative splicing (AS). Various bioinformatics methods are available to analyze AS from RNAseq data. Most methods start by mapping the reads to an annotated reference genome, but some start by a de novo assembly of the reads. In this paper, we present a systematic comparison of a mapping-first approach (FARLINE) and an assembly-first approach (KISSPLICE). We applied these methods to two independent RNAseq datasets and found that the predictions of the two pipelines overlapped (70% of exon skipping events were common), but with noticeable differences. The assembly-first approach allowed to find more novel variants, including novel unannotated exons and splice sites. It also predicted AS in recently duplicated genes. The mapping-first approach allowed to find more lowly expressed splicing variants, and splice variants overlapping repeats. This work demonstrates that annotating AS with a single approach leads to missing out a large number of candidates, many of which are differentially regulated across conditions and can be validated experimentally. We therefore advocate for the combined use of both mapping-first and assembly-first approaches for the annotation and differential analysis of AS from RNAseq datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Benoit-Pilven
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Camille Marchet
- IRISA Inria Rennes Bretagne Atlantique CNRS UMR 6074, Université Rennes 1, GenScale team, Rennes, 263 Avenue Général Leclerc, Rennes, France
| | - Emilie Chautard
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, EPI ERABLE - Inria Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Leandro Lima
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, EPI ERABLE - Inria Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Lambert
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Gustavo Sacomoto
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, EPI ERABLE - Inria Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Amandine Rey
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Audric Cologne
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, EPI ERABLE - Inria Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Sophie Terrone
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Louis Dulaurier
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Claude
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril F Bourgeois
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Didier Auboeuf
- Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, Laboratory of Biology and Modelling of the Cell, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, F-69007, Lyon, France.
| | - Vincent Lacroix
- Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon; Université Lyon 1; CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, EPI ERABLE - Inria Grenoble, Rhône-Alpes, France.
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Alternative mRNA Splicing in the Pathogenesis of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020632. [PMID: 29473878 PMCID: PMC5855854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative mRNA splicing is an important mechanism in expansion of proteome diversity by production of multiple protein isoforms. However, emerging evidence indicates that only a limited number of annotated protein isoforms by alternative splicing are detected, and the coding sequence of alternative splice variants usually is only slightly different from that of the canonical sequence. Nevertheless, mis-splicing is associated with a large array of human diseases. Previous reviews mainly focused on hereditary and somatic mutations in cis-acting RNA sequence elements and trans-acting splicing factors. The importance of environmental perturbations contributed to mis-splicing is not assessed. As significant changes in exon skipping and splicing factors expression levels are observed with diet-induced obesity, this review focuses on several well-known alternatively spliced metabolic factors and discusses recent advances in the regulation of the expressions of splice variants under the pathophysiological conditions of obesity. The potential of targeting the alternative mRNA mis-splicing for obesity-associated diseases therapies will also be discussed.
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Takeshima K, Ariyasu H, Ishibashi T, Kawai S, Uraki S, Koh J, Ito H, Akamizu T. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 with diabetes mellitus, mixed hypogonadism and adrenal insufficiency. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018; 2018:EDM170143. [PMID: 29367875 PMCID: PMC5777164 DOI: 10.1530/edm-17-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disease affecting muscles, the eyes and the endocrine organs. Diabetes mellitus and primary hypogonadism are endocrine manifestations typically seen in patients with DM1. Abnormalities of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis have also been reported in some DM1 patients. We present a case of DM1 with a rare combination of multiple endocrinopathies; diabetes mellitus, a combined form of primary and secondary hypogonadism, and dysfunction of the HPA axis. In the present case, diabetes mellitus was characterized by severe insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia. Glycemic control improved after modification of insulin sensitizers, such as metformin and pioglitazone. Hypogonadism was treated with testosterone replacement therapy. Notably, body composition analysis revealed increase in muscle mass and decrease in fat mass in our patient. This implies that manifestations of hypogonadism could be hidden by symptoms of myotonic dystrophy. Our patient had no symptoms associated with adrenal deficiency, so adrenal dysfunction was carefully followed up without hydrocortisone replacement therapy. In this report, we highlight the necessity for evaluation and treatment of multiple endocrinopathies in patients with DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Takeshima
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ariyasu
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishibashi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kawai
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uraki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Jinsoo Koh
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Ito
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Akamizu
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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48
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Alternative Splicing in Genetic Diseases: Improved Diagnosis and Novel Treatment Options. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 335:85-141. [PMID: 29305015 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing is an important mechanism to regulate gene expression and to expand the repertoire of gene products in order to accommodate an increase in complexity of multicellular organisms. It needs to be precisely regulated, which is achieved via RNA structure, splicing factors, transcriptional regulation, and chromatin. Changes in any of these factors can lead to disease. These may include the core spliceosome, splicing enhancer/repressor sequences and their interacting proteins, the speed of transcription by RNA polymerase II, and histone modifications. While the basic principle of splicing is well understood, it is still very difficult to predict splicing outcome, due to the multiple levels of regulation. Current molecular diagnostics mainly uses Sanger sequencing of exons, or next-generation sequencing of gene panels or the whole exome. Functional analysis of potential splicing variants is scarce, and intronic variants are often not considered. This likely results in underestimation of the percentage of splicing variants. Understanding how sequence variants may affect splicing is not only crucial for confirmation of diagnosis and for genetic counseling, but also for the development of novel treatment options. These include small molecules, transsplicing, antisense oligonucleotides, and gene therapy. Here we review the current state of molecular mechanisms of splicing regulation and how deregulation can lead to human disease, diagnostics to detect splicing variants, and novel treatment options based on splicing correction.
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Konieczny P, Selma-Soriano E, Rapisarda AS, Fernandez-Costa JM, Perez-Alonso M, Artero R. Myotonic dystrophy: candidate small molecule therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1740-1748. [PMID: 28780071 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a rare multisystemic neuromuscular disorder caused by expansion of CTG trinucleotide repeats in the noncoding region of the DMPK gene. Mutant DMPK transcripts are toxic and alter gene expression at several levels. Chiefly, the secondary structure formed by CUGs has a strong propensity to capture and retain proteins, like those of the muscleblind-like (MBNL) family. Sequestered MBNL proteins cannot then fulfill their normal functions. Many therapeutic approaches have been explored to reverse these pathological consequences. Here, we review the myriad of small molecules that have been proposed for DM1, including examples obtained from computational rational design, HTS, drug repurposing, and therapeutic gene modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Konieczny
- Department of Genetics and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Estela Selma-Soriano
- Department of Genetics and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna S Rapisarda
- Department of Genetics and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan M Fernandez-Costa
- Department of Genetics and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Perez-Alonso
- Department of Genetics and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ruben Artero
- Department of Genetics and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (ERI BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Translational Genomics Group, Incliva Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Joint Unit Incliva-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.
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50
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Legay C, Mei L. Moving forward with the neuromuscular junction. J Neurochem 2017; 142 Suppl 2:59-63. [PMID: 28449366 PMCID: PMC6029705 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is indispensable for survival. This synapse between motoneurons and skeletal muscle fibers allows posture, movement and respiration. Therefore, its dysfunction creates pathologies than can be lethal. The molecular mechanisms of NMJ development and maintenance are the subject of intensive studies. This mini-review focuses on some of the most recent discoveries. An unexpected role for a protein, rapsyn, which has been known for 40 years to aggregate acetylcholine receptors has emerged. A new cell partner at NMJ has been unmasked and is challenging our understanding of the functioning of this synapse. Toxins are now used as new tools to study degeneration/regeneration. The possibility of creating human NMJ in vitro is within reach with major consequences for drug screening. Wnts are secreted neurogenic factors that have been involved in vitro in acetylcholine receptor clustering, but their precise role in vivo remains to be clarified. All these data are raising new and exciting perspectives in the field and are discussed in this Review. This is an article for the special issue XVth International Symposium on Cholinergic Mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Legay
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8119, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences and Regenerative medicine, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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