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Escudero M, Arroyo JM, Sánchez-Ramírez S, Jordano P. Founder events and subsequent genetic bottlenecks underlie karyotype evolution in the Ibero-North African endemic Carex helodes. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 133:871-882. [PMID: 37400416 PMCID: PMC11082475 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite chromosomal evolution being one of the major drivers of diversification in plants, we do not yet have a clear view of how new chromosome rearrangements become fixed within populations, which is a crucial step forward for understanding chromosomal speciation. METHODS In this study, we test the role of genetic drift in the establishment of new chromosomal variants in the context of hybrid dysfunction models of chromosomal speciation. We genotyped 178 individuals from seven populations (plus 25 seeds from one population) across the geographical range of Carex helodes (Cyperaceae). We also characterized karyotype geographical patterns of the species across its distribution range. For one of the populations, we performed a detailed study of the fine-scale, local spatial distribution of its individuals and their genotypes and karyotypes. KEY RESULTS Synergistically, phylogeographical and karyotypic evidence revealed two main genetic groups: southwestern Iberian Peninsula vs. northwestern African populations; and within Europe our results suggest a west-to-east expansion with signals of genetic bottlenecks. Additionally, we inferred a pattern of descending dysploidy, plausibly as a result of a west-to-east process of post-glacial colonization in Europe. CONCLUSIONS Our results give experimental support to the role of geographical isolation, drift and inbreeding in the establishment of new karyotypes, which is key in the speciation models of hybrid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcial Escudero
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Arroyo
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Santiago Sánchez-Ramírez
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, M5S 3B2 Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pedro Jordano
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, 41092 Seville, Spain
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2
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Jian J, Yuan Y, Vilatersana R, Li L, Wang Y, Zhang W, Song Z, Kong H, Peter Comes H, Yang J. Phylogenomic and population genomic analyses reveal the spatial-temporal dynamics of diversification of the Nigella arvensis complex (Ranunculaceae) in the Aegean archipelago. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 188:107908. [PMID: 37598984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The continental-shelf islands of the Aegean Sea provide an ideal geographical setting for evolutionary-biogeographical studies but disentangling the relationships between palaeogeographical history and the times, orders of modes of taxon divergence is not straightforward. Here, we used phylogenomic and population genomic approaches, based on orthologous gene sequences and transcriptome-derived SNP data, to reconstruct the spatial-temporal evolution of the Aegean Nigella arvensis complex (Ranunculaceae; 11 out of 12 taxa). The group's early diversification in the Early/Mid-Pliocene (c. 3.77 Mya) resulted in three main lineages (Greek mainland vs. central Aegean + Turkish mainland/eastern Aegean islands), while all extant taxa are of Late Plio-/Early Pleistocene origin (c. 3.30-1.59 Mya). Demographic modelling of the outcrossing taxa uncovered disparate modes of (sub)speciation, including divergence with gene flow on the Greek mainland, para- or peripatric diversification across eastern Aegean islands, and a 'mixing-isolation-mixing (MIM)' mode of subspeciation in the Cyclades. The two selfing species (N. stricta, N. doerfleri) evolved independently from the outcrossers. Present-day island configurations are clearly insufficient to explain the spatial-temporal history of lineage diversification and modes of (sub)speciation in Aegean Nigella. Moreover, our identification of positively selected genes in almost all taxa calls into question that this plant group represents a case of 'non-adaptive' radiation. Our study revealed an episodic diversification history of the N. arvensis complex, giving new insight into the modes and drivers of island speciation and adaption across multiple spatiotemporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Jian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Yi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Roser Vilatersana
- Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Barcelona 08038, Spain.
| | - Linfeng Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Yuguo Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Wenju Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Zhiping Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Hongzhi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hans Peter Comes
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Salzburg, Salzburg A5020, Austria.
| | - Ji Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Center for Evolutionary Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China.
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3
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Romero-Iraola I, Freitas I, Jiménez-Ruíz Y, Geniez P, García-París M, Martínez-Freiría F. Phylogeographic and Paleoclimatic Modelling Tools Improve Our Understanding of the Biogeographic History of Hierophis viridiflavus (Colubridae). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2143. [PMID: 37443941 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phylogeographic and paleoclimatic modelling studies have been combined to infer the role of Pleistocene climatic oscillations as drivers of the genetic structure and distribution of Mediterranean taxa. For the European whip snake, Hierophis viridiflavus, previous studies based on paleoclimatic modelling have depicted a low reliability in the pattern of past climatic suitability across the central Mediterranean Basin, which barely fits the species' genetic structure. In this study, we combined phylogeographic and paleoclimatic modelling tools to improve our understanding of the biogeographic history of H. viridiflavus, particularly extending the sampling and phylogeographic inferences to previously under-sampled regions. Phylogeographic analyses recovered two major clades that diverged at the beginning of the Pleistocene and had diversified in different ways by the late Pleistocene: the east clade (composed of three subclades) and the west clade (with no further structure). Paleoclimatic models highlighted the temperate character of H. viridiflavus, indicating range contractions during both the last inter-glacial and last glacial maximum periods. Range expansions from southern-located climatic refugia likely occurred in the Bølling-Allerød and Middle Holocene periods, which are supported by signals of demographic growth in the west clade and South-East-North subclade. Overall, this work improves our understanding of the historical biogeography of H. viridiflavus, providing further insights into the evolutionary processes that occurred in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Romero-Iraola
- Departamento de Herpetología, Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, Paseo de Zorroaga 11, 20004 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Centro Superior de Investigación Cinetífica (CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inês Freitas
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
| | - Yolanda Jiménez-Ruíz
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Centro Superior de Investigación Cinetífica (CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Philippe Geniez
- Centre d´Ecologie Fonctionnelle & Evolutive (CEFE), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE-PSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéographie et Ecologie des Vertébrés, Université de Montpellier, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Mario García-París
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Centro Superior de Investigación Cinetífica (CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Martínez-Freiría
- Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Porto, Portugal
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4
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Alemany I, Pérez-Cembranos A, Pérez-Mellado V, Castro JA, Picornell A, Ramon C, Jurado-Rivera JA. Faecal Microbiota Divergence in Allopatric Populations of Podarcis lilfordi and P. pityusensis, Two Lizard Species Endemic to the Balearic Islands. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:1564-1577. [PMID: 35482107 PMCID: PMC10167182 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbial communities provide essential functions to their hosts and are known to influence both their ecology and evolution. However, our knowledge of these complex associations is still very limited in reptiles. Here we report the 16S rRNA gene faecal microbiota profiles of two lizard species endemic to the Balearic archipelago (Podarcis lilfordi and P. pityusensis), encompassing their allopatric range of distribution through a noninvasive sampling, as an alternative to previous studies that implied killing specimens of these IUCN endangered and near-threatened species, respectively. Both lizard species showed a faecal microbiome composition consistent with their omnivorous trophic ecology, with a high representation of cellulolytic bacteria taxa. We also identified species-specific core microbiota signatures and retrieved lizard species, islet ascription, and seasonality as the main factors in explaining bacterial community composition. The different Balearic Podarcis populations are characterised by harbouring a high proportion of unique bacterial taxa, thus reinforcing their view as unique and divergent evolutionary entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Alemany
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra., Valldemossa km 7'5, 07122, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | | | | | - José A Castro
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra., Valldemossa km 7'5, 07122, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Antonia Picornell
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra., Valldemossa km 7'5, 07122, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Cori Ramon
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra., Valldemossa km 7'5, 07122, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - José A Jurado-Rivera
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra., Valldemossa km 7'5, 07122, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
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5
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Falniowski A, Jaszczyńska A, Osikowski A, Hofman S. Litthabitellidae: a new family of the Truncatelloidea (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda). J NAT HIST 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2023.2168573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Falniowski
- Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jaszczyńska
- Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Artur Osikowski
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sebastian Hofman
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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6
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Miller JP, Delicado D, García-Guerrero F, Ramos MA. Recurrent founder-event speciation across the Mediterranean likely shaped the species diversity and geographic distribution of the freshwater snail genus Mercuria Boeters, 1971 (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 173:107524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Karameta E, Lymberakis P, Grillitsch H, Ilgaz Ç, Avci A, Kumlutaş Y, Candan K, Wagner P, Sfenthourakis S, Pafilis P, Poulakakis N. The story of a rock-star: multilocus phylogeny and species delimitation in the starred or roughtail rock agama, Laudakia stellio (Reptilia: Agamidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Situated at the junction of three continents, Europe, Asia and Africa, the Eastern Mediterranean is an ideal region to study the effects of palaeogeography, ecology and long human presence on animal evolution. Laudakia stellio (Squamata: Agamidae) is found across this region and offers an excellent opportunity for such studies. The high morphological variation across their range suggests that these lizards might represent a species complex. This is the first study exploring their evolutionary history, using molecular markers and individuals from all described subspecies. We employed the latest phylogenetic and species-delimitation methods to identify all distinct evolutionary lineages, their genetic variation and divergence times. The phenotypical diversity of L. stellio matches its genetic differentiation: almost all subspecies correspond to well-supported retrieved subclades and additional distinct lineages representing intermediate morphs have been retrieved. ‘Laudakia stellio’ represents three distinct evolutionary entities that diverged during the Plio-Pleistocene transition, which we propose as distinct species. One includes Greek and Turkish populations, as well as cryptic Anatolian lineages. The second comprises all other Near East populations and the third is endemic to Cyprus. Our results indicate a role of humans in shaping present distribution patterns, and highlight the importance of the Aegean, Anatolia and the Levant as glacial refugia and diversity hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouela Karameta
- Section of Zoology and Marine Biology, Department of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knosos Avenue, 71409 Irakleio, Greece
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Irakleio, Greece
| | - Petros Lymberakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knosos Avenue, 71409 Irakleio, Greece
| | - Heinz Grillitsch
- Herpetological Collection, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Çetin Ilgaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, 35160 Buca- İzmir, Turkey
- Fauna and Flora Research Centre, Dokuz Eylül University, 35610 Buca- İzmir, Turkey
| | - Aziz Avci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Kumlutaş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, 35160 Buca- İzmir, Turkey
- Fauna and Flora Research Centre, Dokuz Eylül University, 35610 Buca- İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kamil Candan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylül University, 35160 Buca- İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Spyros Sfenthourakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, University Campus, 2109 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Panayiotis Pafilis
- Section of Zoology and Marine Biology, Department of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Poulakakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knosos Avenue, 71409 Irakleio, Greece
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Irakleio, Greece
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8
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Mas-Peinado P, García-París M, Ruiz JL, Buckley D. The Strait of Gibraltar is an ineffective palaeogeographic barrier for some flightless darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimelia). Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The geographic distribution of a species is shaped by its biology and by environmental and palaeogeographic factors that interact at different spatial-temporal scales, which leads to distributions and diversification patterns observed between and within lineages. The darkling beetle genus Pimelia has been diversifying for more than 31.2 Mya showing different colonization patterns after the opening of the Gibraltar Strait 5 Mya. Three of the 14 subgenera of Pimelia have populations on both sides of the Strait. Through extensive sampling and the analysis of three molecular markers, we determine levels of intra- and interspecific genetic variation, identify evolutionary lineages in subgenera, estimate their temporal origin and distribution ranges and discuss the historical basis for the geographic and diversification patterns of Pimelia around the Strait. This single geographical feature acted both as a barrier and as a dispersal route for different Pimelia species. The Strait has represented a strong barrier for the subgenus Magrebmelia since the Middle Miocene. However, the subgenera Amblyptera and Amblypteraca share repetitive signatures of post-Messinian colonization across the Strait, possibly driven by stochastic or ‘catastrophic’ events such as tsunamis. Our demographic analyses support Wallace’s hypothesis on insect dispersal stochasticity. Some taxonomic changes, including the designation of a lectotype for Pimelia maura, are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Mas-Peinado
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006-Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, 28049-Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario García-París
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Ruiz
- Instituto de Estudios Ceutíes, Paseo del Revellín 30, 51001-Ceuta, Spain
| | - David Buckley
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006-Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, 28049-Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología (Genética), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), c/ Darwin 2, 28049-Madrid, Spain
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9
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Machado L, Harris DJ, Salvi D. Biogeographic and demographic history of the Mediterranean snakes Malpolon monspessulanus and Hemorrhois hippocrepis across the Strait of Gibraltar. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:210. [PMID: 34809580 PMCID: PMC8609814 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01941-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of North Africa to the assembly of biodiversity within the Western Palaearctic is still poorly documented. Since the Miocene, multiple biotic exchanges occurred across the Strait of Gibraltar, underlying the high biogeographic affinity between the western European and African sides of the Mediterranean basin. We investigated the biogeographic and demographic dynamics of two large Mediterranean-adapted snakes across the Strait and assess their relevance to the origin and diversity patterns of current European and North African populations. RESULTS We inferred phylogeographic patterns and demographic history of M. monspessulanus and H. hippocrepis, based on range-wide multilocus data, combined with fossil data and species distribution modelling, under present and past bioclimatic envelopes. For both species we identified endemic lineages in the High Atlas Mountains (Morocco) and in eastern Iberia, suggesting their persistence in Europe during the Pleistocene. One lineage is shared between North Africa and southern Iberia and likely spread from the former to the latter during the sea-level low stand of the last glacial stage. During this period M. monspessulanus shows a sudden demographic expansion, associated with increased habitat suitability in North Africa. Lower habitat suitability is predicted for both species during interglacial stages, with suitable areas restricted to coastal and mountain ranges of Iberia and Morocco. Compiled fossil data for M. monspessulanus show a continuous fossil record in Iberia at least since the Pliocene and throughout the Pleistocene. CONCLUSIONS The previously proposed hypothesis of Pleistocene glacial extinction of both species in Europe is not supported based on genetic data, bioclimatic envelopes models, and the available fossil record. A model of range retraction to mountain refugia during arid periods and of glacial expansion (demographic and spatial) associated to an increase of Mediterranean habitats during glacial epochs emerges as a general pattern for mesic vertebrates in North Africa. Moreover, the phylogeographic pattern of H. hippocrepis conforms to a well-established biogeographic partition between western and eastern Maghreb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Machado
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - D James Harris
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniele Salvi
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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10
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Yang W, Feiner N, Salvi D, Laakkonen H, Jablonski D, Pinho C, Carretero MA, Sacchi R, Zuffi MAL, Scali S, Plavos K, Pafilis P, Poulakakis N, Lymberakis P, Jandzik D, Schulte U, Aubret F, Badiane A, Perez I de Lanuza G, Abalos J, While GM, Uller T. Population genomics of wall lizards reflects the dynamic history of the Mediterranean Basin. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 39:6413643. [PMID: 34718699 PMCID: PMC8760935 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Basin has experienced extensive change in geology and climate over the past six million years. Yet, the relative importance of key geological events for the distribution and genetic structure of the Mediterranean fauna remains poorly understood. Here, we use population genomic and phylogenomic analyses to establish the evolutionary history and genetic structure of common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis). This species is particularly informative because, in contrast to other Mediterranean lizards, it is widespread across the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan Peninsulas, and in extra-Mediterranean regions. We found strong support for six major lineages within P. muralis, which were largely discordant with the phylogenetic relationship of mitochondrial DNA. The most recent common ancestor of extant P. muralis was likely distributed in the Italian Peninsula, and experienced an “Out-of-Italy” expansion following the Messinian salinity crisis (∼5 Mya), resulting in the differentiation into the extant lineages on the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan Peninsulas. Introgression analysis revealed that both inter- and intraspecific gene flows have been pervasive throughout the evolutionary history of P. muralis. For example, the Southern Italy lineage has a hybrid origin, formed through admixture between the Central Italy lineage and an ancient lineage that was the sister to all other P. muralis. More recent genetic differentiation is associated with the onset of the Quaternary glaciations, which influenced population dynamics and genetic diversity of contemporary lineages. These results demonstrate the pervasive role of Mediterranean geology and climate for the evolutionary history and population genetic structure of extant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yang
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Feiner
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Daniele Salvi
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, Italy Coppito L'Aquila
| | - Hanna Laakkonen
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
| | - Daniel Jablonski
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Slovakia in Bratislava, Bratislava
| | - Catarina Pinho
- CIBIO/InBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Carretero
- CIBIO/InBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, R. Campo Alegre, s/n, Porto, 4169 - 007, Portugal
| | - Roberto Sacchi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Marco A L Zuffi
- Museum Natural History, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56011, Italy
| | - Stefano Scali
- Museum of Natural History of Milan, Milano, 20121, Italy
| | | | - Panayiotis Pafilis
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Faculty of Biology, Panepistimiopolis 15701, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Poulakakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knossos Avenue, Heraklion, 71409, Greece.,Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, Heraklion, 70013, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Heraklion, 70013, GreeceFoundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)
| | - Petros Lymberakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knossos Avenue, Heraklion, 71409, Greece
| | - David Jandzik
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Slovakia in Bratislava, Bratislava
| | - Ulrich Schulte
- Büro für Faunistische Gutachten-Dr. Ulrich Schulte, Kaiserstraße 2, Borgholzhausen, 33829, Germany
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, 09200, Moulis, France.,School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Arnaud Badiane
- IMBE, Aix-Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, Marseille, France
| | - Guillem Perez I de Lanuza
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Valencia, APT. 22085, 46071, Spain
| | - Javier Abalos
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Valencia, APT. 22085, 46071, Spain
| | - Geoffrey M While
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, 7005, Australia
| | - Tobias Uller
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, 223 62, Sweden
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11
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Martínez‐Freiría F, Freitas I, Velo‐Antón G, Lucchini N, Fahd S, Larbes S, Pleguezuelos JM, Santos X, Brito JC. Integrative taxonomy reveals two species and intraspecific differentiation in the
Vipera latastei–monticola
complex. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martínez‐Freiría
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
| | - Inês Freitas
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
| | - Guillermo Velo‐Antón
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
| | - Nahla Lucchini
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
| | - Soumia Fahd
- Equipe de Recherche Ecologie Systématique Conservation de la Biodiversité Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences de Tétouan Université AbdelmalekEssaâdi Tetouan Morocco
| | - Said Larbes
- Faculté des Sciences Biologiques et Agronomiques Université M. Mammeri Tizi‐Ouzou Algeria
| | - Juan M. Pleguezuelos
- Departamento de Zoología Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada Spain
| | - Xavier Santos
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
| | - José C. Brito
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal
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12
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Olgun Karacan G, Çolak R, Çolak E. The roles of possible geographic barriers and geological events on the phylogeographic structure of the Eastern broad toothed field mouse ( Apodemus mystacinus). MAMMALIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2020-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Eastern broad toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus, is a rodent species distributed in Turkey, the Middle East, and a few Aegean Islands. The aim of this study is to analyse the phylogeographic structure of A. mystacinus and possible causes of its differentiation, on the basis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences using a large number of new samples from Turkey. In this context, partial mitochondrial sequences of cytochrome b (Cytb), control region (D-loop) and a nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) gene were used to reveal the geographical differentiation among A. mystacinus populations and the validity of its subspecies. The estimated divergence times revealed that the first separation of A. mystacinus into three distinct groups (subspecies of A. mystacinus: A. m. mystacinus, A. m. smyrnensis, and A. m. euxinus) begun 0.641 Mya. The possible physical barriers in Anatolia such as high mountains and rivers could interrupt the gene flow between A. mystacinus populations. The results of the present study indicated that A. mystacinus might have used the high rocky areas along the Anatolian Diagonal as a dispersal way. Moreover, mitochondrial data in this study suggested for the first time that A. m. rhodius is synonymous with the nominative subspecies A. m. mystacinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gül Olgun Karacan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques , Vocational School of Health Services, Aksaray University , Aksaray 68100 , Turkey
| | - Reyhan Çolak
- Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ercüment Çolak
- Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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13
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Francisco SM, Castilho R, Lima CS, Almada F, Rodrigues F, Šanda R, Vukić J, Pappalardo AM, Ferrito V, Robalo JI. Genetic hypervariability of a Northeastern Atlantic venomous rockfish. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11730. [PMID: 34306828 PMCID: PMC8280884 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the interplay between climate and current and historical factors shaping genetic diversity is pivotal to infer changes in marine species range and communities' composition. A phylogeographical break between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean has been documented for several marine organisms, translating into limited dispersal between the two basins. METHODS In this study, we screened the intraspecific diversity of 150 individuals of the Madeira rockfish (Scorpaena maderensis) across its distributional range (seven sampling locations in the Atlantic and Mediterranean basins) using the mitochondrial control region and the nuclear S7 first intron. RESULTS The present work is the most comprehensive study done for this species, yielding no genetic structure across sampled locations and no detectable Atlantic-Mediterranean break in connectivity. Our results reveal deep and hyper-diverse bush-like genealogies with large numbers of singletons and very few shared haplotypes. The genetic hyper-diversity found for the Madeira rockfish is relatively uncommon in rocky coastal species, whose dispersal capability is limited by local oceanographic patterns. The effect of climate warming on the distribution of the species is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Francisco
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita Castilho
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Cristina S. Lima
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Frederico Almada
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Radek Šanda
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague, Czeck Republic
| | - Jasna Vukić
- Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Maria Pappalardo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology Biology ‘‘Marcello La Greca’’, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Ferrito
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Biology Biology ‘‘Marcello La Greca’’, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Joana I. Robalo
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Lisbon, Portugal
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14
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Falniowski A, Grego J, Rysiewska A, Osikowski A, Hofman S. A new genus and species of Hydrobiidae Stimpson, 1865 (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) from Peloponnese, Greece. Zookeys 2021; 1037:161-179. [PMID: 34054319 PMCID: PMC8149381 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1037.64038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Minute caenogastropod brackish-water gastropods, formerly classified as Hydrobia, are important elements of the brackish-water fauna and were objects of intensive study for many years. Until now, five genera have been distinguished, most of them represented by a number of species, but rather indistinguishable without molecular data (cytochrome oxidase subunit I - COI). In the eastern Mediterranean region, they are still poorly studied. In this paper, we present a new species of "Hydrobia" from the brackish Moustos spring, Arkadia, eastern Peloponnese, Greece. The shell, protoconch, radula, female reproductive organs, and penis are described and illustrated, together with the molecular (COI) relationships with other hydrobiids. All data confirm that these snails represent a distinct taxon, which must be classified as a new species belonging to a new genus. The formal descriptions are given. The closest, sister taxon is Salenthydrobia Wilke, 2003. The molecularly estimated time of divergence, 5.75 ± 0.49 Mya, coincides with 5.33 Mya, which is the time of the Oligocene flooding that terminated the Messinian salinity crisis. During the latter period, brackish "Lago-Mare" habitats were most probably suitable for the last common ancestor of Salenthydrobia and the newly described genus. Later, the Pliocene flooding isolated the Apennine and Peloponnese populations, promoting speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Falniowski
- Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
| | - Jozef Grego
- Horná Mičiná 219, SK-97401 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia Unaffiliated Banská Bystrica Slovakia
| | - Aleksandra Rysiewska
- Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
| | - Artur Osikowski
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland University of Agriculture Krakow Poland
| | - Sebastian Hofman
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland
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15
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Cheikh Albassatneh M, Escudero M, Monnet A, Arroyo J, Bacchetta G, Bagnoli F, Dimopoulos P, Hampe A, Leriche A, Médail F, Nikolic T, Ponger L, Vendramin GG, Fady B. Spatial patterns of genus‐level phylogenetic endemism in the tree flora of Mediterranean Europe. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles Paris France
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Sorbonne University Paris France
| | - Marcial Escudero
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Seville Seville Spain
| | - Anne‐Christine Monnet
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles Paris France
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Seville Seville Spain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | | | | | - Arndt Hampe
- BIOGECO INRAE, Bordeaux University Cestas France
| | - Agathe Leriche
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Frédéric Médail
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Toni Nikolic
- Department of Botany Faculty of Science University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Loïc Ponger
- Structure et Instabilité des Génomes "Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle" (MNHN), CNRS Paris France
| | | | - Bruno Fady
- Ecology of Mediterranean Forests (URFM) INRAE Avignon France
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16
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Salvi D, Pinho C, Mendes J, Harris DJ. Fossil-calibrated time tree of Podarcis wall lizards provides limited support for biogeographic calibration models. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 161:107169. [PMID: 33798673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Podarcis wall lizards are endemic to the Mediterranean Basin where they represent the predominant reptile group. Despite being extensively used as model organisms in evolutionary and ecological studies their phylogeny and historical biogeography are still incompletely resolved. Moreover, molecular clock calibrations used in wall lizard phylogeography are based on the assumption of vicariant speciation triggered by the abrupt Mediterranean Sea level rise at the end of the Messinian salinity crisis (MSC). However, the validity of this biogeographic calibration remains untested. In this study we inferred a robust time tree based on multilocus data and fossil calibrations using both gene concatenation and species-tree approaches and including models with gene-flow. We found five deeply divergent, geographically coherent, and well-supported clades comprising species from i) Iberian Peninsula and North Africa; ii) Western Mediterranean islands, iii) Sicilian and Maltese islands; and iv-v) Balkan region and Aegean islands. The mitochondrial tree shows some inconsistencies with the species tree that warrant future investigation. Diversification of main clades is estimated in a short time frame during the Middle Miocene and might have been associated with a period of global climate cooling with the establishment of a marked climatic zonation in Europe. Cladogenetic events within the main clades are scattered throughout the time tree, from the Late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene, suggesting that speciation events in wall lizards reflect a complex interplay between regional topography, climate and geological history rather than a shared major climatic or paleogeographic event. Our absolute time estimates, as well as a relative dating approach, demonstrate that the assumption of a causal link between sea-level rise at the end of the MSC and the diversification of many island endemics is not justified. This study reinforces the notion that multiple dispersal and vicariant events, at different time frames, are required to explain current allopatric distributions and to account for the historical assembly of Mediterranean biota, and cautions against the use of biogeographic calibrations based on the assumption of vicariance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Salvi
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, 67100 Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy; CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Pinho
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Joana Mendes
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - D James Harris
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal.
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17
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Boulaassafer K, Ghamizi M, Machordom A, Albrecht C, Delicado D. Hidden species diversity of Corrosella Boeters, 1970 (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) in the Moroccan Atlas reveals the ancient biogeographic link between North Africa and Iberia. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Maguilla E, Escudero M, Jiménez-Lobato V, Díaz-Lifante Z, Andrés-Camacho C, Arroyo J. Polyploidy Expands the Range of Centaurium (Gentianaceae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:650551. [PMID: 33777084 PMCID: PMC7988210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.650551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean region is one of the most important worldwide hotspots in terms of number of species and endemism, and multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain how diversification occurred in this area. The contribution of different traits to the diversification process has been evaluated in different groups of plants. In the case of Centaurium (Gentianaceae), a genus with a center of diversity placed in the Mediterranean region, polyploidy seems to have been an important driver of diversification as more than half of species are polyploids. Moreover, ploidy levels are strongly geographically structured across the range of the genus, with tetraploids distributed towards more temperate areas in the north and hexaploids in more arid areas towards the south. We hypothesize that the diversification processes and biodiversity patterns in Centaurium are explained by the coupled formation of polyploid lineages and the colonization of different areas. A MCC tree from BEAST2 based on three nuclear DNA regions of a total of 26 taxa (full sampling, of 18 species and 8 subspecies) was used to perform ancestral area reconstruction analysis in "BioGeoBEARS." Chromosome evolution was analyzed in chromEvol and diversification in BAMM to estimate diversification rates. Our results suggest that two major clades diverged early from the common ancestor, one most likely in the western Mediterranean and the other in a widespread area including west and central Asia (but with high uncertainty in the exact composition of this widespread area). Most ancestral lineages in the western clade remained in or around the western Mediterranean, and dispersal to other areas (mainly northward and eastward), occurred at the tips. Contrarily, most ancestral lineages in the widespread clade had larger ancestral areas. Polyploidization events in the western clade occurred at the tips of the phylogeny (with one exception of a polyploidization event in a very shallow node) and were mainly tetraploid, while polyploidization events occurred in the widespread clade were at the tips and in an ancestral node of the phylogeny, and were mainly hexaploid. We show how ancestral diploid lineages remained in the area of origin, whereas recent and ancestral polyploidization could have facilitated colonization and establishment in other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Maguilla
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Marcial Escudero
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Vania Jiménez-Lobato
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, Escuela Superior de Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero – CONACYT, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Mexico
| | - Zoila Díaz-Lifante
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Juan Arroyo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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19
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Kramina TE, Lysova MV, Samigullin TH, Schanzer IA, Özbek MU, Sokoloff DD. Phylogenetic Placement and Phylogeography of Large-Flowered Lotus Species (Leguminosae) Formerly Classified in Dorycnium: Evidence of Pre-Pleistocene Differentiation of Western and Eastern Intraspecific Groups. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020260. [PMID: 33525693 PMCID: PMC7911919 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean region is a center of species and genetic diversity of many plant groups, which served as a source of recolonization of temperate regions of Eurasia in Holocene. We investigate the evolutionary history of species currently classified in Lotus sect. Bonjeanea in the context of the evolution of the genus Lotus as a whole, using phylogenetic, phylogeographic and dating analyses. Of three species of the section, L. rectus and L. hirsutus have wide Mediterranean distribution while L. strictus has a disjunctive range in Bulgaria, Turkey, Armenia, Eastern Kazakhstan, and adjacent parts of Russia and China. We used entire nuclear ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region (nrITS) and a plastid dataset (rps16 and trnL-F) to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within Lotus with an extended representation of Bonjeanea group. We analyzed the phylogeographic patterns within each species based on the plastid dataset. For divergence time estimation, the nrITS dataset was analyzed. Our results confirmed the non-monophyletic nature of the section Bonjeanea. They indicate that Lotus is likely to have diverged about 15.87 (9.99-19.81) million years ago (Ma), which is much older than an earlier estimate of ca. 5.54 Ma. Estimated divergence ages within L. strictus, L. rectus, and L. hisrutus (6.1, 4.94, and 4.16 Ma, respectively) well predate the onset of the current type of Mediterranean climate. Our data suggest that relatively ancient geological events and/or climatic changes apparently played roles in early diversification of Lotus and its major clades, as well as in formation of phylogeographic patterns, in at least some species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E. Kramina
- Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-985-723-0916
| | - Maya V. Lysova
- LLC “Amplitech”, 1-ya Kuryanovskaya Str., 34-8, 109235 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tahir H. Samigullin
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ivan A. Schanzer
- Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Str., 4, 127276 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Mehmet U. Özbek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, 06500 Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Dmitry D. Sokoloff
- Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
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20
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Koutroumpa K, Warren BH, Theodoridis S, Coiro M, Romeiras MM, Jiménez A, Conti E. Geo-Climatic Changes and Apomixis as Major Drivers of Diversification in the Mediterranean Sea Lavenders ( Limonium Mill.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:612258. [PMID: 33510756 PMCID: PMC7835328 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.612258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean realm, comprising the Mediterranean and Macaronesian regions, has long been recognized as one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, owing to its remarkable species richness and endemism. Several hypotheses on biotic and abiotic drivers of species diversification in the region have been often proposed but rarely tested in an explicit phylogenetic framework. Here, we investigate the impact of both species-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors on diversification in the species-rich, cosmopolitan Limonium, an angiosperm genus with center of diversity in the Mediterranean. First, we infer and time-calibrate the largest Limonium phylogeny to date. We then estimate ancestral ranges and diversification dynamics at both global and regional scales. At the global scale, we test whether the identified shifts in diversification rates are linked to specific geological and/or climatic events in the Mediterranean area and/or asexual reproduction (apomixis). Our results support a late Paleogene origin in the proto-Mediterranean area for Limonium, followed by extensive in situ diversification in the Mediterranean region during the late Miocene, Pliocene, and Pleistocene. We found significant increases of diversification rates in the "Mediterranean lineage" associated with the Messinian Salinity Crisis, onset of Mediterranean climate, Plio-Pleistocene sea-level fluctuations, and apomixis. Additionally, the Euro-Mediterranean area acted as the major source of species dispersals to the surrounding areas. At the regional scale, we infer the biogeographic origins of insular endemics in the oceanic archipelagos of Macaronesia, and test whether woodiness in the Canarian Nobiles clade is a derived trait linked to insular life and a biotic driver of diversification. We find that Limonium species diversity on the Canary Islands and Cape Verde archipelagos is the product of multiple colonization events followed by in situ diversification, and that woodiness of the Canarian endemics is indeed a derived trait but is not associated with a significant shift to higher diversification rates. Our study expands knowledge on how the interaction between abiotic and biotic drivers shape the uneven distribution of species diversity across taxonomic and geographical scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Koutroumpa
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ben H. Warren
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, Paris, France
| | - Spyros Theodoridis
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mario Coiro
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria M. Romeiras
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ares Jiménez
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- IES Pedra da Auga, Ponteareas, Spain
| | - Elena Conti
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Erickson KL, Pentico A, Quattrini AM, McFadden CS. New approaches to species delimitation and population structure of anthozoans: Two case studies of octocorals using ultraconserved elements and exons. Mol Ecol Resour 2020; 21:78-92. [PMID: 32786110 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
As coral populations decline worldwide in the face of ongoing environmental change, documenting their distribution, diversity and conservation status is now more imperative than ever. Accurate delimitation and identification of species is a critical first step. This task, however, is not trivial as morphological variation and slowly evolving molecular markers confound species identification. New approaches to species delimitation in corals are needed to overcome these challenges. Here, we test whether target enrichment of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and exons can be used for delimiting species boundaries and population structure within species of corals by focusing on two octocoral genera, Alcyonium and Sinularia, as exemplary case studies. We designed an updated bait set (29,181 baits) to target-capture 3,023 UCE and exon loci, recovering a mean of 1,910 ± 168 SD per sample with a mean length of 1,055 ± 208 bp. Similar numbers of loci were recovered from Sinularia (1,946 ± 227 SD) and Alcyonium (1,863 ± 177 SD). Species-level phylogenies were highly supported for both genera. Clustering methods based on filtered single nucleotide polymorphisms delimited species and populations that are congruent with previous allozyme, DNA barcoding, reproductive and ecological data for Alcyonium, and offered further evidence of hybridization among species. For Sinularia, results were congruent with those obtained from a previous study using restriction site associated DNA sequencing. Both case studies demonstrate the utility of target-enrichment of UCEs and exons to address a wide range of evolutionary and taxonomic questions across deep to shallow timescales in corals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia Pentico
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Andrea M Quattrini
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, USA.,Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
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22
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Molecular characterization of Acomys louisae from Somaliland: a deep divergence and contrasting genetic patterns in a rift zone. Mamm Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-020-00045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Rodrigues ASB, Martins A, Garcia CA, Sérgio C, Porley R, Fontinha S, González-Mancebo J, Gabriel R, Phephu N, Van Rooy J, Dirkse G, Long D, Stech M, Patiño J, Sim-Sim M. Climate-driven vicariance and long-distance dispersal explain the Rand Flora pattern in the liverwort Exormotheca pustulosa (Marchantiophyta). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ‘Rand flora’ is a biogeographical disjunction which refers to plant lineages occurring at the margins of the African continent and neighbouring oceanic archipelagos. Here, we tested whether the phylogeographical pattern of Exormotheca pustulosa Mitt. was the result of vicariance induced by past climatic changes or the outcome of a series of recent long-distance dispersal events. Two chloroplast markers (rps4-trnF region and psbA-trnH spacer) and one nuclear marker (ITS2) were analysed. Phylogenetic and phylogeographical relationships were inferred as well as divergence time estimates and ancestral areas. Exormotheca possibly originated in Eastern Africa during the Late Oligocene/Early Miocene while Exormotheca putulosa diversified during the Late Miocene. Three main E. pustulosa groups were found: the northern Macaronesia/Western Mediterranean, the South Africa/Saint Helena and the Cape Verde groups. The major splits among these groups occurred during the Late Miocene/Pliocene; diversification was recent, dating back to the Pleistocene. Climate-driven vicariance and subsequent long-distance dispersal events may have shaped the current disjunct distribution of E. pustulosa that corresponds to the Rand Flora pattern. Colonization of Macaronesia seems to have occurred twice by two independent lineages. The evolutionary history of E. pustulosa populations of Cape Verde warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Bartolomeu Rodrigues
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Natural History and Systematics (NHS) Research Group/MUHNAC – Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anabela Martins
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Natural History and Systematics (NHS) Research Group/MUHNAC – Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - César Augusto Garcia
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Natural History and Systematics (NHS) Research Group/MUHNAC – Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cecília Sérgio
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Natural History and Systematics (NHS) Research Group/MUHNAC – Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ron Porley
- Cerca dos Pomares, CxP 409M, Aljezur, Portugal
| | - Susana Fontinha
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
- Banco de Germoplasma ISOPlexis, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | | | - Rosalina Gabriel
- cE3c/ABG – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of Azores, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal
| | - Nonkululo Phephu
- Department of Nature Conservation, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, PO WITS, South Africa
| | - Jacques Van Rooy
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, PO WITS, South Africa
- National Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Gerard Dirkse
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Michael Stech
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jairo Patiño
- Plant Conservation and Biogeography Group, Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Apartado 456, CP 38200, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
- Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales & Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Manuela Sim-Sim
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Natural History and Systematics (NHS) Research Group/MUHNAC – Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica, Lisboa, Portugal
- cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
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24
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López-Alvarado J, Mameli G, Farris E, Susanna A, Filigheddu R, Garcia-Jacas N. Islands as a crossroad of evolutionary lineages: A case study of Centaurea sect. Centaurea (Compositae) from Sardinia (Mediterranean Basin). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228776. [PMID: 32032368 PMCID: PMC7006937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Basin is a biodiversity hotspot, where islands play a key role because of their high biological diversity, degree of endemicity and human pressure. One of these islands, Sardinia, is a good evolutionary laboratory, especially for the study of complex genera, such as Centaurea. In particular, endemic species of Centaurea sect. Centaurea from Sardinia provides an interesting case study of plant evolution on continental islands. We attempted to clarify the processes leading to the diversification of Centaurea species on Sardinia using bi-parentally inherited nuclear markers and maternally inherited plastid markers. Our plastid results revealed the presence of five lineages of sect. Centaurea on the island. Three of them were defined as three species: C. ferulacea, C. filiformis and C. horrida. The other two lineages highlighted the complex evolutionary history of the two polyploids C. corensis and C. magistrorum. Multiple colonization events from the mainland involving the C. deusta and C. paniculata lineages among others, have led to the diversity of sect. Centaurea on Sardinia. One colonization event likely followed a southern path via the land connection between the mainland, the Calabrian Plate and Sardinia. A second pathway likely followed a northern connection, probably through the Tuscan Archipelago. Implications of these findings on conservation efforts for Centaurea endemics on Sardinia are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López-Alvarado
- Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB)–Associated Unit to CSIC, Unitat de Botànica, Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Giulia Mameli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Farris
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alfonso Susanna
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rossella Filigheddu
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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25
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Senczuk G, Castiglia R, Colangelo P, Delaugerre M, Corti C. The role of island physiography in maintaining genetic diversity in the endemic Tyrrhenian wall lizard (
Podarcis tiliguerta
). J Zool (1987) 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Senczuk
- Sezione di Zoologia “La Specola” Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze Firenze Italia
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin” Università di Roma “La Sapienza” Rome Italia
| | - R. Castiglia
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin” Università di Roma “La Sapienza” Rome Italia
| | - P. Colangelo
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (CNR‐IRET) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Rome Italia
| | | | - C. Corti
- Sezione di Zoologia “La Specola” Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze Firenze Italia
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26
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Gràcia E, Grevemeyer I, Bartolomé R, Perea H, Martínez-Loriente S, Gómez de la Peña L, Villaseñor A, Klinger Y, Lo Iacono C, Diez S, Calahorrano A, Camafort M, Costa S, d'Acremont E, Rabaute A, Ranero CR. Earthquake crisis unveils the growth of an incipient continental fault system. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3482. [PMID: 31477689 PMCID: PMC6718684 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Large continental faults extend for thousands of kilometres to form boundaries between rigid tectonic blocks. These faults are associated with prominent topographic features and can produce large earthquakes. Here we show the first evidence of a major tectonic structure in its initial-stage, the Al-Idrissi Fault System (AIFS), in the Alboran Sea. Combining bathymetric and seismic reflection data, together with seismological analyses of the 2016 Mw 6.4 earthquake offshore Morocco – the largest event ever recorded in the area – we unveil a 3D geometry for the AIFS. We report evidence of left-lateral strike-slip displacement, characterise the fault segmentation and demonstrate that AIFS is the source of the 2016 events. The occurrence of the Mw 6.4 earthquake together with historical and instrumental events supports that the AIFS is currently growing through propagation and linkage of its segments. Thus, the AIFS provides a unique model of the inception and growth of a young plate boundary fault system. The Al-Idrissi Fault System in the Alboran Sea is a major tectonic structure in its initial stage. By using bathymetric and seismic reflection data, the authors unravel a 3D geometry for the AIFS, which corresponds to a crustal-scale boundary and provides a unique model of the inception and growth of a young plate boundary fault system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulàlia Gràcia
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ingo Grevemeyer
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, 24148, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rafael Bartolomé
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hector Perea
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,GRD, Scripps Institution of Oceanography - UCSD, CA92093, La Jolla, San Diego, USA
| | - Sara Martínez-Loriente
- Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG), University College of Dublin, School of Earth Sciences, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Laura Gómez de la Peña
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, 24148, Kiel, Germany
| | - Antonio Villaseñor
- Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, ICTJA-CSIC, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yann Klinger
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR7154 CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Claudio Lo Iacono
- National Oceanography Centre, Waterfront Campus, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Susana Diez
- Unitat de Tecnologia Marina, UTM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alcinoe Calahorrano
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Camafort
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Costa
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elia d'Acremont
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS - ISTEP, 75252, Paris, France
| | - Alain Rabaute
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS - ISTEP, 75252, Paris, France
| | - César R Ranero
- Barcelona-CSI, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Azani N, Bruneau A, Wojciechowski MF, Zarre S. Miocene climate change as a driving force for multiple origins of annual species in Astragalus (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 137:210-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Peterson A, Harpke D, Peterson J, Harpke A, Peruzzi L. A pre-Miocene Irano-Turanian cradle: Origin and diversification of the species-rich monocot genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:5870-5890. [PMID: 31161005 PMCID: PMC6540665 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Irano-Turanian (IT) floristic region is considered an important center of origin for many taxa. However, there is a lack of studies dealing with typical IT genera that also occur in neighboring areas. The species-rich monocot genus Gagea Salisb. shows a center of diversity in IT region and a distribution in adjacent regions, therefore representing a good study object to investigate spatial and temporal relationships among IT region and its neighboring areas (East Asia, Euro-Siberia, Himalaya, and Mediterranean). We aimed at (a) testing the origin of the genus and of its major lineages in the IT region, (b) reconstructing divergence times, and (c) reconstructing colonization events. To address these problems, sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of 418 individuals and chloroplast intergenic spacers sequences (psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF) of 497 individuals, representing 116 species from all sections of the genus and nearly its entire distribution area were analyzed. Divergence times were estimated under a random molecular clock based on nrITS phylogeny, which was the most complete data set regarding the representation of species and distribution areas. Ancestral distribution ranges were estimated for the nrITS data set as well as for a combined data set, revealing that Gagea most likely originated in southwestern Asia. This genus first diversified there starting in the Early Miocene. In the Middle Miocene, Gagea migrated to the Mediterranean and to East Asia, while migration into Euro-Siberia took place in the Late Miocene. During the Pleistocene, the Arctic was colonized and Gagea serotina, the most widespread species, reached North America. The Mediterranean basin was colonized multiple times from southwestern Asia or Euro-Siberia. Most of the currently existing species originated during the last 3 Ma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Peterson
- Institute of BiologyMartin‐Luther‐University of Halle‐WittenbergHalle/SaaleGermany
| | - Dörte Harpke
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)GaterslebenGermany
| | - Jens Peterson
- State Office for Environmental Protection of Saxony‐AnhaltHalle/SaaleGermany
| | - Alexander Harpke
- Department of Community EcologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)HalleGermany
| | - Lorenzo Peruzzi
- Department of Biology, Unit of BotanyUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
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29
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Peterson A, Harpke D, Peterson J, Harpke A, Peruzzi L. A pre-Miocene Irano-Turanian cradle: Origin and diversification of the species-rich monocot genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:5870-5890. [PMID: 31161005 DOI: 10.5061/dryad.97np7bt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Irano-Turanian (IT) floristic region is considered an important center of origin for many taxa. However, there is a lack of studies dealing with typical IT genera that also occur in neighboring areas. The species-rich monocot genus Gagea Salisb. shows a center of diversity in IT region and a distribution in adjacent regions, therefore representing a good study object to investigate spatial and temporal relationships among IT region and its neighboring areas (East Asia, Euro-Siberia, Himalaya, and Mediterranean). We aimed at (a) testing the origin of the genus and of its major lineages in the IT region, (b) reconstructing divergence times, and (c) reconstructing colonization events. To address these problems, sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of 418 individuals and chloroplast intergenic spacers sequences (psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF) of 497 individuals, representing 116 species from all sections of the genus and nearly its entire distribution area were analyzed. Divergence times were estimated under a random molecular clock based on nrITS phylogeny, which was the most complete data set regarding the representation of species and distribution areas. Ancestral distribution ranges were estimated for the nrITS data set as well as for a combined data set, revealing that Gagea most likely originated in southwestern Asia. This genus first diversified there starting in the Early Miocene. In the Middle Miocene, Gagea migrated to the Mediterranean and to East Asia, while migration into Euro-Siberia took place in the Late Miocene. During the Pleistocene, the Arctic was colonized and Gagea serotina, the most widespread species, reached North America. The Mediterranean basin was colonized multiple times from southwestern Asia or Euro-Siberia. Most of the currently existing species originated during the last 3 Ma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Peterson
- Institute of Biology Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg Halle/Saale Germany
| | - Dörte Harpke
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben Germany
| | - Jens Peterson
- State Office for Environmental Protection of Saxony-Anhalt Halle/Saale Germany
| | - Alexander Harpke
- Department of Community Ecology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) Halle Germany
| | - Lorenzo Peruzzi
- Department of Biology, Unit of Botany University of Pisa Pisa Italy
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30
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Mediterranean isolation preconditioning the Earth System for late Miocene climate cooling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3795. [PMID: 30846804 PMCID: PMC6405769 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A global Neogene cooling trend culminated ~7 million years ago with the onset of Greenland glaciation. Increased ocean-atmosphere interaction and low- to high-latitude circulation are thought to be key factors in reorganizing late Miocene global temperature and precipitation patterns, but the drivers of this reorganization have yet to be identified. Here, we present new information about the evolution of the Atlantic-Mediterranean gateway that generated Mediterranean overflow. We use sedimentary and palaeogeographic evidence to constrain the timing and dimensions of this gateway and document the initiation of a saline plume of water within the North Atlantic. Today, this saline jet entrains and transports Eastern North Atlantic water and its dissolved inorganic carbon into the interior of the ocean, contributing to the drawdown of CO2 and the sensitivity of the ocean to atmospheric changes. We show that during the Miocene this transport emerged simultaneously with gateway restriction and propose that the resulting interaction of ocean-surface and ocean-interior carbon inventories would have greatly enhanced ocean-atmosphere exchange, preconditioning the Earth System for late Miocene cooling.
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31
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Dinis M, Merabet K, Martínez-Freiría F, Steinfartz S, Vences M, Burgon JD, Elmer KR, Donaire D, Hinckley A, Fahd S, Joger U, Fawzi A, Slimani T, Velo-Antón G. Allopatric diversification and evolutionary melting pot in a North African Palearctic relict: The biogeographic history of Salamandra algira. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 130:81-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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32
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Massó S, López-Pujol J, Vilatersana R. Reinterpretation of an endangered taxon based on integrative taxonomy: The case of Cynara baetica (Compositae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207094. [PMID: 30485285 PMCID: PMC6261557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Strait of Gibraltar, the gateway between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, has a convulsive geological history, with recurring closing and opening events since the late Miocene. As a consequence, this region has played a major role in the evolutionary history of many species. Cynara baetica (Compositae) is a diploid perennial herb distributed in both sides of this strait. It is currently subdivided into two subspecies: C. baetica subsp. baetica for the Spanish populations, and C. baetica subsp. maroccana for the Moroccan ones. Following three different approximations of species delimitation, including phylogenetic and population genetic analyses (based on three AFLP primer combinations and two intergenic spacers of cpDNA), ecological niche modeling (ENM) and morphological studies, this taxon is investigated and reinterpreted. The results obtained showed a clear genetic, morphological and ecological differentiation between the two taxa and the important role played by the Strait of Gibraltar as a geographical barrier. Based on this evidence, the current taxonomic treatment is modified (both taxa should recover their specific rank) and specific conservation guidelines are proposed for the newly delimited taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Massó
- Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- BioC-GReB, Laboratori de Botànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Jordi López-Pujol
- Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roser Vilatersana
- Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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33
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Abstract
Interpretation of seismic profiles and results of scientific drillings in the Mediterranean subseafloor provided indication of gigantic salt deposits which rarely crop out on land, such as in Sicily. The salt giants were ascribed to the desiccation, driven by the solar energy, of the entire basin. Nevertheless, the evaporite model hardly explains deep-sea salt deposits. This paper considers a different hypothesis suggesting that seawater reached NaCl saturation during serpentinization of ultramafic rocks. Solid salts and brine pockets were buried within the serpentinite bodies being later (e.g., in the Messinian) released, due to serpentinite breakdown, and discharged at seafloor as hydrothermal heavy brines. Therefore, sea-bottom layers of brine at gypsum and halite saturation were formed. The model is applicable to the Mediterranean area since geophysical data revealed relicts of an aged (hence serpentinized) oceanic lithosphere, of Tethyan affinity, both in its western “Atlantic” extension (Gulf of Cádiz) and in eastern basins, and xenoliths from Hyblean diatremes (Sicily) provided evidence of buried serpentinites in the central area. In addition, the buoyant behavior of muddled serpentinite and salts (and hydrocarbons) gave rise to many composite diapirs throughout the Mediterranean area. Thus, the Mediterranean “salt giant” consists of several independent geobodies of serpentinite and salts.
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34
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Yuan ZY, Zhang BL, Raxworthy CJ, Weisrock DW, Hime PM, Jin JQ, Lemmon EM, Lemmon AR, Holland SD, Kortyna ML, Zhou WW, Peng MS, Che J, Prendini E. Natatanuran frogs used the Indian Plate to step-stone disperse and radiate across the Indian Ocean. Natl Sci Rev 2018; 6:10-14. [PMID: 34691821 PMCID: PMC8294181 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwy092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Bao-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | | | | | - Paul M Hime
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
| | - Jie-Qiong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Emily M Lemmon
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Alan R Lemmon
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Sean D Holland
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Michelle L Kortyna
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Wei-Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Min-Sheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Che
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Myanmar
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Elizabeth Prendini
- Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA
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35
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Booth-Rea G, R Ranero C, Grevemeyer I. The Alboran volcanic-arc modulated the Messinian faunal exchange and salinity crisis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13015. [PMID: 30158535 PMCID: PMC6115444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
What process triggered the Mediterranean Sea restriction remains debated since the discovery of the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC). Recent hypotheses infer that the MSC initiated after the closure of the Atlantic-Mediterranean Betic and Rifean corridors, being modulated through restriction at the Gibraltar Strait. These hypotheses however, do not integrate contemporaneous speciation patterns of the faunal exchange between Iberia and Africa and several geological features like the evaporite distribution. Exchange of terrestrial biota occurred before, during and after the MSC, and speciation models support an exchange path across the East Alborán basin (EAB) located a few hundreds of km east of the Gibraltar Strait. Yet, a structure explaining jointly geological and biological observations has remained undiscovered. We present new seismic data showing the velocity structure of a well-differentiated 14–17-km thick volcanic arc in the EAB. Isostatic considerations support that the arc-crust buoyancy created an archipelago leading to a filter bridge across the EAB. Sub-aerial erosional unconformities and onlap relationships support that the arc was active between ~10–6 Ma. Progressive arc build-up leading to an archipelago and its later subsidence can explain the extended exchange of terrestrial biota between Iberia and Africa (~7–3 Ma), and agrees with patterns of biota speciation and terrestrial fossil distribution before the MSC (10–6.2 Ma). In this scenario, the West Alboran Basin (WAB) could then be the long-postulated open-marine refuge for the Mediterranean taxa that repopulated the Mediterranean after the MSC, connected to the deep restricted Mediterranean basin through a sill at the Alboran volcanic arc archipelago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Booth-Rea
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (UGR-CSIC), Granada, Spain. .,Department of Geodynamics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - César R Ranero
- Barcelona Center for Subsurface Imaging, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, CSIC, Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ingo Grevemeyer
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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36
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Fathinia B, Rastegar-Pouyani N, Rastegar-Pouyani E. Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of genera Eristicophis
and Pseudocerastes
(Ophidia, Viperidae). ZOOL SCR 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Fathinia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science; Yasouj University; Yasouj Iran
| | - Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science; Razi University; Kermanshah Iran
- Iranian Plateau Herpetology Research Group (IPHRG), Faculty of Science; Razi University; Kermanshah Iran
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37
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Todisco V, Grill A, Fiedler K, Gottsberger B, Dincă V, Vodă R, Lukhtanov V, Letsch H. Molecular phylogeny of the Palaearctic butterfly genus Pseudophilotes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) with focus on the Sardinian endemic P. barbagiae. BMC ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40850-018-0032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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38
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Phylogeny, systematics and biogeography of the European sand gobies (Gobiiformes: Gobionellidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zly026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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39
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Refining the biogeographical scenario of the land snail Cornu aspersum aspersum: Natural spatial expansion and human-mediated dispersal in the Mediterranean basin. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 120:218-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Jaros U, Tribsch A, Comes HP. Diversification in continental island archipelagos: new evidence on the roles of fragmentation, colonization and gene flow on the genetic divergence of Aegean Nigella (Ranunculaceae). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:241-254. [PMID: 29300817 PMCID: PMC5808797 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Disentangling the relative roles of past fragmentation (vicariance), colonization (dispersal) and post-divergence gene flow in the genetic divergence of continental island organisms remains a formidable challenge. Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were used to (1) gain further insights into the biogeographical processes underlying the Pleistocene diversification of the Aegean Nigella arvensis complex; (2) evaluate the role of potential key factors driving patterns of population genetic variability (mating system, geographical isolation and historical contingencies); and (3) test the robustness of conclusions previously drawn from chloroplast (cp) DNA. Methods Genetic diversity was analysed for 235 AFLP markers from 48 populations (497 individuals) representing 11 taxa of the complex using population genetic methods and Bayesian assignment tests. Key Results Most designated taxa are identifiable as genetically distinct units. Both fragmentation and dispersal-driven diversification processes occurred at different geological time scales, from Early to Late Pleistocene, specifically (1) sea barrier-induced vicariant speciation in the Cyclades, the Western Cretan Strait and Ikaria; and (2) bi-regional colonizations of the 'Southern Aegean Island Arc' from the Western vs. Eastern Aegean mainland, followed by allopatric divergences in Crete vs. Rhodos and Karpathos/Kasos. Outcrossing island taxa experienced drift-related demographic processes that are magnified in the two insular selfing species. Population genetic differentiation on the mainland seems largely driven by dispersal limitation, while in the Central Aegean it may still be influenced by historical events (island fragmentation and sporadic long-distance colonization). Conclusions The biogeographical history of Aegean Nigella is more complex than expected for a strictly allopatric vicariant model of divergence. Nonetheless, the major phylogeographical boundaries of this radiation are largely congruent with the geography and history of islands, with little evidence for ongoing gene exchange between divergent taxa. The present results emphasize the need to investigate further biological and landscape features and contemporary vs. historical processes in driving population divergence and taxon diversification in Aegean plant radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Jaros
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Tribsch
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hans Peter Comes
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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41
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Ceríaco LMP, Bauer AM. An integrative approach to the nomenclature and taxonomic status of the genus Blanus Wagler, 1830 (Squamata: Blanidae) from the Iberian Peninsula. J NAT HIST 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1422283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis M. P. Ceríaco
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova, PA USA
- Departamento de Zoologia e Antropologia (Museu Bocage), Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Aaron M. Bauer
- Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova, PA USA
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42
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Cunha RL, Patrão C, Castilho R. Different diversity-dependent declines in speciation rate unbalances species richness in terrestrial slugs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16198. [PMID: 29170460 PMCID: PMC5700933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two genera of terrestrial slugs (Arion and Geomalacus) display a striking disproportion in species richness in the Iberian Peninsula. While there are 17 Iberian endemic species in Arion, morphological criteria only recognize four species within Geomalacus. Sequence data were used to test whether these differences could result from: (1) cryptic diversity within Geomalacus; (2) an earlier origin for Arion (older clades are expected to accumulate more species); (3) distinct patterns of diversification rates (higher initial speciation rates in Arion), and (4) some combination of the above factors (e.g., an older clade with higher speciation rates). Species delimitation tests based on mitochondrial and nuclear data revealed eight cryptic lineages within Geomalacus that lessened the asymmetry; nevertheless, the disparity required further investigation. No meaningful differences in crown group ages of each recovered clade were found. Regardless the different premises of the two equally plausible diversification models (similar initial speciation rates vs. higher initial speciation rates in Geomalacus), both coincide on diversity-dependent diversification for the two groups but weaker rate declines in Arion best explains the observed asymmetry in species richness. Also, the broader environmental tolerance combined with a faster dispersal and wider distribution may have represented an evolutionary advantage for Arion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina L Cunha
- CCMAR (Centre of Marine Sciences) - Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Patrão
- CCMAR (Centre of Marine Sciences) - Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Rita Castilho
- CCMAR (Centre of Marine Sciences) - Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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43
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Sánchez-Leal RF, Bellanco MJ, Fernández-Salas LM, García-Lafuente J, Gasser-Rubinat M, González-Pola C, Hernández-Molina FJ, Pelegrí JL, Peliz A, Relvas P, Roque D, Ruiz-Villarreal M, Sammartino S, Sánchez-Garrido JC. The Mediterranean Overflow in the Gulf of Cadiz: A rugged journey. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:eaao0609. [PMID: 29152570 PMCID: PMC5687859 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathways and transformations of dense water overflows, which depend on small-scale interactions between flow dynamics and erosional-depositional processes, are a central piece in the ocean's large-scale circulation. A novel, high-resolution current and hydrographic data set highlights the intricate pathway travelled by the saline Mediterranean Overflow as it enters the Atlantic. Interaction with the topography constraints its spreading. Over the initial 200 km west of the Gibraltar gateway, distinct channels separate the initial gravity current into several plunging branches depth-sorted by density. Shallow branches follow the upper slope and eventually detach as buoyant plumes. Deeper branches occupy mid slope channels and coalesce upon reaching a diapiric ridge. A still deeper branch, guided by a lower channel wall marked by transverse furrows, experiences small-scale overflows which travel downslope to settle at mid-depths. The Mediterranean salt flux into the Atlantic has implications for the buoyancy balance in the North Atlantic. Observations on how this flux enters at different depth levels are key to accurately measuring and understanding the role of Mediterranean Outflow in future climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo F. Sánchez-Leal
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Cadiz Oceanographic Center, Muelle de Levante s/n, Puerto Pesquero, Cádiz E11006, Spain
| | - María Jesús Bellanco
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Cadiz Oceanographic Center, Muelle de Levante s/n, Puerto Pesquero, Cádiz E11006, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Fernández-Salas
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Cadiz Oceanographic Center, Muelle de Levante s/n, Puerto Pesquero, Cádiz E11006, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Lafuente
- University of Malaga Physical Oceanography Group (GOFIMA), ETSI Telecomunicación, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga E29071, Spain
| | - Marc Gasser-Rubinat
- Department of Physical and Technological Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences (CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona E08003, Spain
| | - César González-Pola
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Gijón Oceanographic Center, Avenida Príncipe de Asturias 70 bis, Gijón E33212, Spain
| | | | - Josep L. Pelegrí
- Department of Physical and Technological Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences (CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona E08003, Spain
| | - Alvaro Peliz
- Department of Geophysics and Energy, Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculty of Sciences (IDL-FCUL), University of Lisbon, Campo Grande Ed. C1, Piso 1, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Relvas
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR/FCT), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - David Roque
- Andalusia Institute of Marine Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (ICMAN-CSIC), Republica Saharaui 2, Puerto Real E11519, Spain
| | - Manuel Ruiz-Villarreal
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, A Coruña Oceanographic Center, Paseo Marítimo A. Francisco Vázquez 10, A Coruña E15001, Spain
| | - Simone Sammartino
- University of Malaga Physical Oceanography Group (GOFIMA), ETSI Telecomunicación, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga E29071, Spain
| | - José Carlos Sánchez-Garrido
- University of Malaga Physical Oceanography Group (GOFIMA), ETSI Telecomunicación, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga E29071, Spain
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44
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Tethyan changes shaped aquatic diversification. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:874-896. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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45
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Sternai P, Caricchi L, Garcia-Castellanos D, Jolivet L, Sheldrake TE, Castelltort S. Magmatic pulse driven by sea-level changes associated with the Messinian salinity crisis. NATURE GEOSCIENCE 2017; 10:783-787. [PMID: 29081834 PMCID: PMC5654511 DOI: 10.1038/ngeo3032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Between 5 and 6 million years ago, during the so-called Messinian salinity crisis, the Mediterranean basin became a giant salt repository. The possibility of abrupt and kilometre-scale sea-level changes during this extreme event is debated. Messinian evaporites could signify either deep- or shallow-marine deposits, and ubiquitous erosional surfaces could indicate either subaerial or submarine features. Significant and fast reductions in sea level unload the lithosphere, which can increase the production and eruption of magma. Here we calculate variations in surface load associated with the Messinian salinity crisis and compile the available time constraints for pan-Mediterranean magmatism. We show that scenarios involving a kilometre-scale drawdown of sea level imply a phase of net overall lithospheric unloading at a time that appears synchronous with a magmatic pulse from the pan-Mediterranean igneous provinces. We verify the viability of a mechanistic link between unloading and magmatism using numerical modelling of decompression partial mantle melting and dike formation in response to surface load variations. We conclude that the Mediterranean magmatic record provides an independent validation of the controversial kilometre-scale evaporative drawdown and sheds new light on the sensitivity of magmatic systems to the surface forcing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Sternai
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luca Caricchi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Laurent Jolivet
- Intitut des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans, University
of Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Tom E. Sheldrake
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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46
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van Riemsdijk I, Arntzen JW, Bogaerts S, Franzen M, Litvinchuk SN, Olgun K, Wielstra B. The Near East as a cradle of biodiversity: A phylogeography of banded newts (genus Ommatotriton) reveals extensive inter- and intraspecific genetic differentiation. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 114:73-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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47
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Martínez-Freiría F, Crochet PA, Fahd S, Geniez P, Brito JC, Velo-Antón G. Integrative phylogeographical and ecological analysis reveals multiple Pleistocene refugia for Mediterranean Daboia vipers in north-west Africa. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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48
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Global biogeography, cryptic species and systematic issues in the shrimp genus Hippolyte Leach, 1814 (Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae) by multimarker analyses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6697. [PMID: 28751634 PMCID: PMC5532279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippolyte is a genus of small bodied marine shrimps, with a global distribution. Here, we studied the phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships amongst the species of this genus with two mitochondrial and two nuclear markers, using Bayesian Inference, Maximum Likelihood, genetic divergence, molecular clock and S-DIVA. In addition, the Indo-West Pacific genus Alcyonohippolyte was included. Based on sequences from 57 specimens of 27 species, we recovered a robust biogeographic scenario that shows the Indo-West Pacific as the probable ancestral area of the genus Hippolyte, which emerged in the Paleocene, followed by dispersal in three general directions: (1) South Pacific, (2) eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea and (3) Americas, the latter with a primary colonization in the eastern Pacific followed by a radiation into the western Atlantic. Our analysis reveals that the species of the H. ventricosa group do not constitute a monophyletic group and Alcyonohippolyte does not constitute a reciprocally monophyletic group to Hippolyte, with both genera herein synonimised. The relationships and systematic status of several transisthmian and Atlantic species are clarified.
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49
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Castilho R, Cunha RL, Faria C, Velasco EM, Robalo JI. Asymmetrical dispersal and putative isolation-by-distance of an intertidal blenniid across the Atlantic-Mediterranean divide. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3195. [PMID: 28462020 PMCID: PMC5410146 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition zones are of high evolutionary interest because unique patterns of spatial variation are often retained. Here, we investigated the phylogeography of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, a small marine intertidal fish that inhabits rocky habitats of the Mediterranean and the adjacent Atlantic Ocean. We screened 170 individuals using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data from eight locations. Four models of genetic structure were tested: panmixia, isolation-by-distance, secondary contact and phylogeographic break. Results indicated clear asymmetric migration from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic but only marginally supported the isolation-by-distance model. Additionally, the species displays an imprint of demographic expansion compatible with the last glacial maximum. Although the existence of a refugium in the Mediterranean cannot be discarded, the ancestral lineage most likely originated in the Atlantic, where most of the genetic diversity occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Castilho
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Regina L. Cunha
- Center of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Faria
- Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Eva M. Velasco
- Centro Oceanográfico de Gijón, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Gijón, Spain
| | - Joana I. Robalo
- ISPA Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
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50
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Abalde S, Tenorio MJ, Afonso CML, Zardoya R. Mitogenomic phylogeny of cone snails endemic to Senegal. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 112:79-87. [PMID: 28450228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cone snails attain in Senegal one of their highest peaks of species diversity throughout the continental coast of Western Africa. A total of 15 endemic species have been described, all placed in the genus Lautoconus. While there is ample data regarding the morphology of the shell and the radular tooth of these species, virtually nothing is known regarding the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of one of the most endangered groups of cones. In this work, we determined the complete or near-complete (only lacking the control region) mitochondrial (mt) genomes of 17 specimens representing 11 endemic species (Lautoconus belairensis, Lautoconus bruguieresi, Lautoconus cacao, Lautoconus cloveri, Lautoconus cf. echinophilus, Lautoconus guinaicus, Lautoconus hybridus, Lautoconus senegalensis, Lautoconus mercator, Lautoconus taslei, and Lautoconus unifasciatus). We also sequenced the complete mt genome of Lautoconus guanche from the Canary Islands, which has been related to the cones endemic to Senegal. All mt genomes share the same gene arrangement, which conforms to the consensus reported for Conidae, Neogastropoda and Caenogastropoda. Phylogenetic analyses using probabilistic methods recovered three major lineages, whose divergence coincided in time with sea level and ocean current changes as well as temperature fluctuations during the Messinian salinity crisis and the Plio-Pleistocene transition. Furthermore, the three lineages corresponded to distinct types of radular tooth (robust, small, and elongated), suggesting that dietary specialization could be an additional evolutionary driver in the diversification of the cones endemic to Senegal. The reconstructed phylogeny showed several cases of phenotypic convergence (cryptic species) and questions the validity of some species (ecotypes or phenotypic plasticity), both results having important taxonomic and conservation consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Abalde
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel J Tenorio
- Departamento CMIM y Q. Inorgánica-INBIO, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carlos M L Afonso
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Rafael Zardoya
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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