1
|
van den Driest L, Kelly P, Marshall A, Johnson CH, Lasky-Su J, Lannigan A, Rattray Z, Rattray NJ. A gap analysis of UK biobank publications reveals SNPs associated with intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2200-2210. [PMID: 38817965 PMCID: PMC11137368 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a multifaceted disease and a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in females across the globe. In 2020 alone, 2.3 million women were diagnosed and 685,000 died of breast cancer worldwide. With the number of diagnoses projected to increase to 3 million per year by 2040 it is essential that new methods of detection and disease stratification are sought to decrease this global cancer burden. Although significant improvements have been made in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis of breast cancer remains poor in some patient groups (i.e. triple negative breast cancer), necessitating research into better patient stratification, diagnosis and drug discovery. The UK Biobank, a comprehensive biomedical and epidemiological database with a wide variety of multiomics data (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics) offers huge potential to uncover groundbreaking discoveries in breast cancer research leading to improved patient stratification. Combining genomic, proteomic, and metabolic profiles of breast cancer in combination with histological classification, can aid treatment decisions through accurate diagnosis and prognosis prediction of tumor behaviour. Here, we systematically reviewed PubMed publications reporting the analysis of UK Biobank data in breast cancer research. Our analysis of UK Biobank studies in the past five years identified 125 publications, of which 76 focussed on genomic data analysis. Interestingly, only two studies reported the analysis of metabolomics and proteomics data, with none performing multiomics analysis of breast cancer. A meta-analysis of the 76 publications identified 2870 genetic variants associated with breast cancer across 445 genes. Subtype analysis revealed differential genetic alteration in 13 of the 445 genes and the identification of 59 well-established breast cancer genes. in differential pathways. Pathway interaction analyses illuminated their involvement in general cancer biomolecular pathways (e.g. DNA damage repair, Gene expression). While our meta-analysis only measured genetic differences in breast cancer due to current usage of UK Biobank data, minimal multi-omics analyses have been performed and the potential for harnessing multi-omics strategies within the UK Biobank cohort holds promise for unravelling the biological signatures of distinct breast cancer subtypes further in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa van den Driest
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Patricia Kelly
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Alan Marshall
- School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Chrystal Macmillan Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LD, UK
| | - Caroline H. Johnson
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alison Lannigan
- NHS Lanarkshire, Lanarkshire, Scotland, UK
- Wishaw General Hospital, NHS Lanarkshire, 50 Netherton St, Wishaw ML2 0DP, UK
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- NHS Lanarkshire, Lanarkshire, Scotland, UK
| | - Nicholas J.W. Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- NHS Lanarkshire, Lanarkshire, Scotland, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nickerson JA, Momen-Heravi F. Long non-coding RNAs: roles in cellular stress responses and epigenetic mechanisms regulating chromatin. Nucleus 2024; 15:2350180. [PMID: 38773934 PMCID: PMC11123517 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2350180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Most of the genome is transcribed into RNA but only 2% of the sequence codes for proteins. Non-coding RNA transcripts include a very large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). A growing number of identified lncRNAs operate in cellular stress responses, for example in response to hypoxia, genotoxic stress, and oxidative stress. Additionally, lncRNA plays important roles in epigenetic mechanisms operating at chromatin and in maintaining chromatin architecture. Here, we address three lncRNA topics that have had significant recent advances. The first is an emerging role for many lncRNAs in cellular stress responses. The second is the development of high throughput screening assays to develop causal relationships between lncRNAs across the genome with cellular functions. Finally, we turn to recent advances in understanding the role of lncRNAs in regulating chromatin architecture and epigenetics, advances that build on some of the earliest work linking RNA to chromatin architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Nickerson
- Division of Genes & Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Walbaum B, García-Fructuoso I, Martínez-Sáez O, Schettini F, Sánchez C, Acevedo F, Chic N, Muñoz-Carrillo J, Adamo B, Muñoz M, Partridge AH, Bellet M, Brasó-Maristany F, Prat A, Vidal M. Hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer in young women: A comprehensive review. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 129:102804. [PMID: 39084152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer in ≤ 40 yr-old women (YWBC) has been steadily increasing in recent decades. Although this group of patients represents less than 10 % of all newly diagnosed BC cases it encompasses a significant burden of disease. Usually underrepresented in clinical trials, YWBCs are also characterized by late diagnoses and poorly differentiated, aggressive-subtype disease, partly explaining its poor prognosis along with a high recurrence risk, and high mortality rates. On the other hand, YWBC treatment poses unique challenges such as preservation of fertility, and long-term toxicity and adverse events. Herein, we summarize the current evidence in hormone receptor-positive YWBC including specific risk factors, clinicopathologic and genomic features, and available evidence on response to chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. Overall, we advocate for a more comprehensive multidisciplinary healthcare model to improve the outcomes and the quality of life of this subset of younger patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Walbaum
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isabel García-Fructuoso
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Martínez-Sáez
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Schettini
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - César Sánchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Acevedo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nuria Chic
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Barbara Adamo
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Montserrat Muñoz
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann H Partridge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meritxell Bellet
- Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fara Brasó-Maristany
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Cancer and Blood Disorders, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Reveal Genomics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Prat
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Cancer and Blood Disorders, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Reveal Genomics, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Oncology (IOB)-Hospital Quironsalud, Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Vidal
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Oncology (IOB)-Hospital Quironsalud, Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pipili A, Babteen NA, Kuwair L, Jannet MB, Quist J, Ong KKV, Pitaluga R, Grigoriadis AG, Tutt A, Wells CM. PAK6 acts downstream of IQGAP3 to promote contractility in triple negative breast cancer cells. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111233. [PMID: 38763182 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that remains the most common malignancy among women worldwide. During genomic analysis of breast tumours, mRNA levels of IQGAP3 were found to be upregulated in triple negative tumours. IQGAP3 was subsequently found to be expressed across a panel of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Depleting expression levels of IQGAP3 delivered elongated cells, disrupted cell migration, and inhibited the ability of cells to form specialised invasive adhesion structures, termed invadopodia. The morphological changes induced by IQGAP3 depletion were found to be dependent on RhoA. Indeed, reduced expression of IQGAP3 disrupted RhoA activity and actomyosin contractility. Interestingly, IQGAP3 was also found to interact with p-21 activated kinase 6 (PAK6); a protein already associated with the regulation of cell morphology. Moreover, PAK6 depletion phenocopied IQGAP3 depletion in these cells. Whereas PAK6 overexpression rescued the IQGAP3 depletion phenotype. Our work points to an important PAK6-IQGAP3-RhoA pathway that drives the cellular contractility of breast cancer cells promoting both cell migration and adhesive invasion of these cells. As this phenotype is relevant to the process of metastasis and re-seeding of metastasis, the pharmacological targeting of PAK6 could lead to clinical benefit in TNBC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Pipili
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Nouf A Babteen
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK; Department of Biological Science, Collage of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lujain Kuwair
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Mahfuja Bulu Jannet
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Jelmar Quist
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Karine K V Ong
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Ryan Pitaluga
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Anita G Grigoriadis
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Tutt
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK; Tony Robins Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Claire M Wells
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Telli ML, Litton JK, Beck JT, Jones JM, Andersen J, Mina LA, Brig R, Danso M, Yuan Y, Symmans WF, Hopkins JF, Albacker LA, Abbattista A, Noonan K, Mata M, Laird AD, Blum JL. Neoadjuvant talazoparib in patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutation-positive, early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: exploration of tumor BRCA mutational status. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:886-897. [PMID: 38869771 PMCID: PMC11341741 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01603-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Talazoparib monotherapy in patients with germline BRCA-mutated, early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) showed activity in the neoadjuvant setting in the phase II NEOTALA study (NCT03499353). These biomarker analyses further assessed the mutational landscape of the patients enrolled in the NEOTALA study. METHODS Baseline tumor tissue from the NEOTALA study was tested retrospectively using FoundationOne®CDx. To further hypothesis-driven correlative analyses, agnostic heat-map visualizations of the FoundationOne®CDx tumor dataset were used to assess overall mutational landscape and identify additional candidate predictive biomarkers of response. RESULTS All patients enrolled (N = 61) had TNBC. In the biomarker analysis population, 75.0% (39/52) and 25.0% (13/52) of patients exhibited BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, respectively. Strong concordance (97.8%) was observed between tumor BRCA and germline BRCA mutations, and 90.5% (38/42) of patients with tumor BRCA mutations evaluable for somatic-germline-zygosity were predicted to exhibit BRCA loss of heterozygosity (LOH). No patients had non-BRCA germline DNA damage response (DDR) gene variants with known/likely pathogenicity, based on a panel of 14 non-BRCA DDR genes. Ninety-eight percent of patients had TP53 mutations. Genomic LOH, assessed continuously or categorically, was not associated with response. CONCLUSION The results from this exploratory biomarker analysis support the central role of BRCA and TP53 mutations in tumor pathobiology. Furthermore, these data support assessing germline BRCA mutational status for molecular eligibility for talazoparib in patients with TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda L Telli
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Jennifer K Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Thaddeus Beck
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Highlands Oncology, Springdale, AR, USA
| | - Jason M Jones
- Avera Medical Group Oncology & Hematology, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jay Andersen
- Medical Oncology, Compass Oncology, West Cancer Center, US Oncology Network, Tigard, OR, USA
| | - Lida A Mina
- Hematology Oncology Department, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Raymond Brig
- Medical Oncology, Brig Center for Cancer Care and Survivorship, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Michael Danso
- Medical Oncology, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - William F Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kay Noonan
- Clinical Oncology, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Joanne L Blum
- Department of Oncology, Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, US Oncology Network, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hosonaga M, Habano E, Arakawa H, Kaneko K, Nakajima T, Hayashi N, Fukada I, Nakamura A, Haruyama Y, Maeda T, Inari H, Kobayashi T, Nakashima E, Ueno T, Takano T, Takahashi S, Ohno S, Ueki A. Case series of Li-Fraumeni syndrome: carcinogenic mechanisms in breast cancer with TP53 pathogenic variant carriers. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:988-996. [PMID: 39017822 PMCID: PMC11341599 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), a hereditary condition attributed to TP53 pathogenic variants,(PV), is associated with high risks for various malignant tumors, including breast cancer. Notably, individuals harboring TP53 PVs are more likely (67-83%) to develop HER2 + breast cancer than noncarriers (16-25%). In this retrospective study, we evaluated the associations between TP53 variants and breast cancer phenotype. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of patients with LFS treated at a single institution and reviewed the literature on TP53 functions and the mechanisms underlying HER2 + breast cancer development in LFS. RESULTS We analyzed data for 10 patients with LFS from 8 families. The median age at the onset of the first tumor was 35.5 years. Only case 2 met the classic criteria; this patient harbored a nonsense variant, whereas the other patients carried missense variants. We observed that 9 of 10 patients developed breast cancer. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that 40% of breast cancers in patients with LFS were HR - /HER2 + . The median age at the onset of breast cancer was slightly younger in HR - /HER2 + tumors than in HR + /HER2 - tumors (31 years and 35.5 years, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of HER2 + breast cancer subtype was 40% in our LFS case series, which is greater than that in the general population (16-25%). Some TP53 PVs may facilitate HER2-derived oncogenesis in breast cancer. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to clarify the oncogenic mechanisms underlying each subtype of breast cancer in TP53 PV carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Hosonaga
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Eri Habano
- Department of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Hiromi Arakawa
- Department of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Keika Kaneko
- Department of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakajima
- Medical Ethics and Medical Genetics, Kyoto University, Graduate of School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naomi Hayashi
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Ippei Fukada
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Akira Nakamura
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Yurie Haruyama
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Tetsuyo Maeda
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Inari
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Eri Nakashima
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ueno
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Toshimi Takano
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Shunji Takahashi
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Shinji Ohno
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Arisa Ueki
- Department of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hassan M, Tutar L, Sari-Ak D, Rasul A, Basheer E, Tutar Y. Non-genetic heterogeneity and immune subtyping in breast cancer: Implications for immunotherapy and targeted therapeutics. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102055. [PMID: 39002207 PMCID: PMC11299575 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a complex and multifactorial disease, driven by genetic alterations that promote tumor growth and progression. However, recent research has highlighted the importance of non-genetic factors in shaping cancer evolution and influencing therapeutic outcomes. Non-genetic heterogeneity refers to diverse subpopulations of cancer cells within breast tumors, exhibiting distinct phenotypic and functional properties. These subpopulations can arise through various mechanisms, including clonal evolution, genetic changes, epigenetic changes, and reversible phenotypic transitions. Although genetic and epigenetic changes are important points of the pathology of breast cancer yet, the immune system also plays a crucial role in its progression. In clinical management, histologic and molecular classification of BC are used. Immunological subtyping of BC has gained attention in recent years as compared to traditional techniques. Intratumoral heterogeneity revealed by immunological microenvironment (IME) has opened novel opportunities for immunotherapy research. This systematic review is focused on non-genetic variability to identify and interlink immunological subgroups in breast cancer. This review provides a deep understanding of adaptive methods adopted by tumor cells to withstand changes in the tumor microenvironment and selective pressure imposed by medications. These adaptive methods include alterations in drug targets, immune system evasion, activation of survival pathways, and alterations in metabolism. Understanding non-genetic heterogeneity is essential for the development of targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
| | - Lütfi Tutar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kırsehir Ahi Evran University, Kırsehir, Turkey
| | - Duygu Sari-Ak
- Department of Medical Biology, Hamidiye International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Basheer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Sciences Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yusuf Tutar
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Biochemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee JH. Targeting the ATM pathway in cancer: Opportunities, challenges and personalized therapeutic strategies. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 129:102808. [PMID: 39106770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase plays a pivotal role in orchestrating the DNA damage response, maintaining genomic stability, and regulating various cellular processes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of ATM's structure, activation mechanisms, and various functions in cancer development, progression, and treatment. I discuss ATM's dual nature as both a tumor suppressor and potential promoter of cancer cell survival in certain contexts. The article explores the complex signaling pathways mediated by ATM, its interactions with other DNA repair mechanisms, and its influence on cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, and metabolism. I examine the clinical implications of ATM alterations, including their impact on cancer predisposition, prognosis, and treatment response. The review highlights recent advances in ATM-targeted therapies, discussing ongoing clinical trials of ATM inhibitors and their potential in combination with other treatment modalities. I also address the challenges in developing effective biomarkers for ATM activity and patient selection strategies for personalized cancer therapy. Finally, I outline future research directions, emphasizing the need for refined biomarker development, optimized combination therapies, and strategies to overcome potential resistance mechanisms. This comprehensive overview underscores the critical importance of ATM in cancer biology and its emerging potential as a therapeutic target in precision oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Research Center of Ecomimetics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun DERS, Yoon JS, Kim YS, Won HS. P53 Status Influences the Anti-proliferative Effect Induced by IFITM1 Inhibition in Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2024; 21:511-522. [PMID: 39191497 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Interferon-induced trans-membrane protein 1 (IFITM1) is known to be involved in breast cancer progression. We aimed to investigate its role in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells with wild-type p53 and tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ER-positive breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 with wild-type p53 and T47D with mutant p53, were used. We established an MCF-7-derived tamoxifen-resistant cell line (TamR) by long-term culture of MCF-7 cells with 4-hydroxytamoxifen. RESULTS IFITM1 inhibition in MCF-7 cells significantly decreased cell growth and migration. MCF-7 cells with suppression of IFITM1 using siRNA or ruxolitinib showed reduced cell viability after tamoxifen treatment compared with that in the control MCF-7 cells. Unexpectedly, mRNA and protein levels of IFITM1 were decreased in TamR cells compared with those in MCF-7 cells. TamR cells with suppression of IFITM1 using siRNA or ruxolitinib showed no change in cell viability after treatment with tamoxifen. P53 knockdown using siRNA reduced the mRNA levels of IRF9 and increased mRNA and protein levels of SOCS3 in MCF-7 cells, suggesting that loss or mutation of p53 can affect the induction of IFITM1 via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in breast cancer. Furthermore, MCF-7 cells with p53 knockdown using siRNA showed no decrease in cell viability after tamoxifen treatment or IFITM1 inhibition, indicating that p53 status may be important for cell death after tamoxifen treatment or IFITM1 inhibition. CONCLUSION IFITM1 inhibition may enhance the sensitivity to tamoxifen based on p53-dependent enhancement of IFN signaling in wild-type p53, ER-positive breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DER Sheng Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Sook Yoon
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sung Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Zhang L, He Y, Jiang D, Sun J, Luo Q, Liang H, Wang T, Li F, Tang Y, Yang Z, Liu W, Rao Y, Chen C. PI3K PROTAC overcomes the lapatinib resistance in PIK3CA-mutant HER2 positive breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217112. [PMID: 38986734 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Although anti-HER2 therapy has made significant strides in reducing metastasis and relapse in HER2-positive breast cancer, resistance to agents like trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and lapatinib frequently develops in patients undergoing treatment. Previous studies suggest that the hyperactivation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway by PIK3CA/PTEN gene mutations is implicated in HER2 resistance. In this study, we introduce a novel PI3K-p110α Proteolysis TAargeting Chimera (PROTAC) that effectively inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells by degrading PI3K-p110α. When tested in two lapatinib-resistant cell lines, JIMT1 and MDA-MB-453, both of which harbor PIK3CA mutations, the PI3K PROTAC notably reduced cell proliferation and induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Importantly, even at very low concentrations, PI3K PROTAC restored sensitivity to lapatinib. Furthermore, the efficacy of PI3K PROTAC surpassed that of Alpelisib, a selective PI3K-p110α kinase inhibitor in clinic. The superior performance of PI3K PROTAC was also confirmed in lapatinib-resistant breast cancer xenograft tumors and patient-derived breast cancer organoids (PDOs). In conclusion, this study reveals that the novel PI3K PROTAC we synthesized could serve as an effective agent to overcome lapatinib resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Longlong Zhang
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yuna He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dewei Jiang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian Sun
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Qianmei Luo
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huichun Liang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China; School of Life Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Fubing Li
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yu Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zimo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Yu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ganatra H, Tan JK, Simmons A, Bigogno CM, Khurana V, Ghose A, Ghosh A, Mahajan I, Boussios S, Maniam A, Ayodele O. Applying whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing in breast cancer: a review of the landscape. Breast Cancer 2024:10.1007/s12282-024-01628-9. [PMID: 39190283 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) are crucial within the context of breast cancer (BC) research. They play a role in the detection of predisposed genes, risk stratification, and identification of rare single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These technologies aid in the discovery of associations between various syndromes and BC, understanding the tumour microenvironment (TME), and even identifying unknown mutations that could be useful in future for personalised treatments. Genetic analysis can find the associated risk of BC and can be used in early screening, diagnosis, specific treatment plans, and prevention in patients who are at high risk of tumour formation. This article focuses on the application of WES and WGS, and how uncovering novel candidate genes associated with BC can aid in treating and preventing BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hetvi Ganatra
- Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK City of London, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Joecelyn Kirani Tan
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
- Andrews Oncology Society, Scotland, UK
| | - Ana Simmons
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Carola Maria Bigogno
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- British Oncology Network for Undergraduate Societies (BONUS), London, UK
| | - Vatsala Khurana
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Aruni Ghose
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Cancer Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Mount Vernon and Watford NHS Trust, Watford, UK
| | - Adheesh Ghosh
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ishika Mahajan
- Department of Oncology, Lincoln Oncology Centre, Lincoln County Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Lincoln, UK
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, UK.
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK.
- Faculty of Medicine, Health, and Social Care, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK.
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki-hermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Akash Maniam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
- Faculty of Science and Health, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
- Caribbean Cancer Research Institute, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Olubukola Ayodele
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cybulla E, Wallace S, Meroni A, Jackson J, Agashe S, Tennakoon M, Limbu M, Quinet A, Lomonosova E, Noia H, Tirman S, Wood M, Lemacon D, Fuh K, Zou L, Vindigni A. A RAD18-UBC13-PALB2-RNF168 axis mediates replication fork recovery in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:8861-8879. [PMID: 38943334 PMCID: PMC11347138 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BRCA1/2 proteins function in genome stability by promoting repair of double-stranded DNA breaks through homologous recombination and by protecting stalled replication forks from nucleolytic degradation. In BRCA1/2-deficient cancer cells, extensively degraded replication forks can be rescued through distinct fork recovery mechanisms that also promote cell survival. Here, we identified a novel pathway mediated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18, the E2-conjugating enzyme UBC13, the recombination factor PALB2, the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF168 and PCNA ubiquitination that promotes fork recovery in BRCA1- but not BRCA2-deficient cells. We show that this pathway does not promote fork recovery by preventing replication fork reversal and degradation in BRCA1-deficient cells. We propose a mechanism whereby the RAD18-UBC13-PALB2-RNF168 axis facilitates resumption of DNA synthesis by promoting re-annealing of the complementary single-stranded template strands of the extensively degraded forks, thereby allowing re-establishment of a functional replication fork. We also provide preliminary evidence for the potential clinical relevance of this novel fork recovery pathway in BRCA1-mutated cancers, as RAD18 is over-expressed in BRCA1-deficient cancers, and RAD18 loss compromises cell viability in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cybulla
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Sierra Wallace
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alice Meroni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jessica Jackson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sumedha Agashe
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mithila Tennakoon
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mangsi Limbu
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Annabel Quinet
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Elena Lomonosova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hollie Noia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephanie Tirman
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew Wood
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Delphine Lemacon
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Katherine Fuh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Ob/Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lee Zou
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kurozumi S, Ball GR. Research on biomarkers using innovative artificial intelligence systems in breast cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2024:10.1007/s10147-024-02602-3. [PMID: 39181953 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is highly diverse and heterogeneous. Accurate and rapid analysis of the characteristics of individual cancer cells, using a complex array of big data that includes various clinicopathological features and molecular mechanisms, is crucial for advancing precision medicine. In recent years, experts in biomedical sciences and data sciences have explored the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze such extensive data sets. The next phase of AI-based medical research on cancer should focus on the practical applications of AI tools and how they can be effectively used in actual medical research settings. Recently, translational research that leverages AI and comprehensive genetic analysis data has emerged as a significant research focus. This field represents an opportunity for groundbreaking discoveries to be shared globally. To further precision medicine in clinical practice, it is vital to develop sophisticated AI tools for cancer research. These tools should not only identify potential therapeutic targets through comprehensive genetic analysis but also predict therapeutic outcomes in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasagu Kurozumi
- Department of Breast Surgery, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 852, Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan.
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Graham R Ball
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Michael Salmon Building, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tan KL, Haider S, Zois CE, Hu J, Turley H, Leek R, Buffa F, Acuto O, Harris AL, Pezzella F. Low cytoplasmic NUB1 protein exerts hypoxic cell death with poorer prognosis in oestrogen receptor negative breast cancer patients. Transl Oncol 2024; 49:102106. [PMID: 39182365 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Current prognostic biomarkers fall short in stratifying Oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer patients regarding tumour progression risk at diagnosis. The role of AIPL1 in activating its tumour suppressor client protein, NEDD8 Ultimate Buster-1 (NUB1) remains unknown in cancer. Our study demonstrated how downregulated AIPL1 results in the deactivated NUB1 protein under hypoxic conditions. We examined the AIPL1-NUB1 pathwayin vitro using cell lines i.e. MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, RCC4 etc. NUB1 expression was assessed using Oncomine, and cBioPortal was performed to assess NUB1's prognostic significance in human cancers. In the John Radcliffe Hospital cohort (n = 122), immunohistochemistry analysis revealed downregulated AIPL1 (Log2 fold change=-0.28; p < 0.001) and upregulated NUB1 transcripts (Log2 fold change=0.59; p < 0.001) compared to adjacent normal tissues. In severe chronic hypoxia, multimerised AIPL1 localisedin the cytoplasm while NUB1 protein migrated to the nucleus, where the absence of NUB1 nuclear localisation led to cell cycle arrest. Biopsies showed that patients with lower cytoplasmic NUB1 expression (n = 57) had poorer overall survival compared to those with higher cytoplasmic expression (n = 57), HR=1.78; 95 % CI=1.01-3.35, p = 0.048. Low NUB1 protein levels in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions were associated with cell cycle arrest and upregulation ofp21 and p27 in breast cancer cell lines, correlating significantly withpoorer survival outcomes in all breast cancer and ER-negative breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Liong Tan
- Tumour Pathology Laboratory, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Persiaran Ilmu, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Syed Haider
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK; Computational Biology and Integrative Genomics, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive Oxford, University of Oxford, UK; The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Christos E Zois
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jianting Hu
- Tumour Pathology Laboratory, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Helen Turley
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Russell Leek
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Francesca Buffa
- Computational Biology and Integrative Genomics, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive Oxford, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Oreste Acuto
- Laboratory of T-cell signalling, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Francesco Pezzella
- Tumour Pathology Laboratory, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alraouji NN, Colak D, Al-Mohanna FH, Alaiya AA, Aboussekhra A. Endogenous osteoprotegerin (OPG) represses ERα and promotes stemness and chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:377. [PMID: 39181873 PMCID: PMC11344809 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer and the leading cause of death among women worldwide. The osteoprotegerin (OPG) cytokine, a decoy receptor for RANKL and a key player in bone homeostasis, has pro-and anti-carcinogenic effects in various types of cancer, including breast neoplasms. In the present study, we have shown that ectopic expression of OPG in breast epithelial/cancer cells promotes the pro-metastatic processes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, angiogenesis as well as the activation of breast stromal fibroblasts. Furthermore, proteomics analysis, which allows the identification and quantification of a plethora of known and unknown proteins, has shown a strong and significant correlation between OPG upregulation and the expression of proteins with functions in EMT and stemness. On the other hand, OPG knockdown in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells inhibited the formation of cancer stem cells. Importantly, while OPG upregulation significantly enhanced the resistance of luminal BC cells to cisplatin and docetaxel, OPG downregulation sensitized TNBC cells to these chemotherapeutic drugs. We have also shown that OPG negatively controls estrogen receptor α (ERα), and OPG upregulation correlated well with the expression of genes related to ER-negative claudin low cells. Collectively, these results show that OPG promotes stemness and the consequent chemoresistance of breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noura N Alraouji
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dilek Colak
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah H Al-Mohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayodele A Alaiya
- Department of Cell Therapy & Immunobiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelilah Aboussekhra
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Casalini R, Romei C, Ciampi R, Ramone T, Prete A, Gambale C, Matrone A, Torregrossa L, Ugolini C, Elisei R. Minor role of TP53 and TERT promoter mutations in medullary thyroid carcinoma: report of new cases and revision of the literature. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03990-2. [PMID: 39179735 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of TP53 and TERT mutations in Medullary Thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and their role in inducing aggressiveness in positive cases. METHODS We performed a literature search in PubMed to identify studies investigating the prevalence of TERT and TP53 mutations in MTC. We also included data on MTC cases (n = 193) obtained at our center and unpublished. The in-silico pathogenicity of the TP53 mutations has been evaluated by predictor tools. RESULTS We identified a total of 25 and 11 published papers: all together 1280 cases have been investigated for the presence of TP53 mutations and 974 for TERT promoter mutation. Twenty-five out of 1280 (2%) cases had a TP53 mutation while only 3/974 MTC cases (0.3%) have been found to be positive for TERT promoter mutations. Among all, we identified 19 different TP53 mutations that in 12 cases were demonstrated to have an in silico predicted high pathogenic role and a high impact on protein function. Three non-sense and 4 probably not damaging mutations were also reported. The pathogenic role of the TERT promoter mutations has been previously in vitro determined. No correlation between TP53 and/or TERT mutations and aggressiveness of MTC has been demonstrated. CONCLUSION The prevalence of TP53 and TERT promoter mutations is very low in MTC. The reported mutations are pathogenic in the majority of cases. Because of their rarity it is not possible to clarify if they play or not a role in the pathogenesis and/or aggressiveness of this specific thyroid tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Casalini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Romei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ciampi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Teresa Ramone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prete
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carla Gambale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Matrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Liborio Torregrossa
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, Unit of Pathology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Clara Ugolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, Unit of Pathology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella Elisei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Borrego MR, Lu YS, Reyes-Cosmelli F, Park YH, Yamashita T, Chiu J, Airoldi M, Turner N, Fein L, Ghaznawi F, Singh J, Pantoja K, Schnell C, Akdere M, Chia S. SGLT2 inhibition improves PI3Kα inhibitor-induced hyperglycemia: findings from preclinical animal models and from patients in the BYLieve and SOLAR-1 trials. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07405-8. [PMID: 39177931 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alpelisib plus fulvestrant demonstrated a significant progression-free survival benefit versus fulvestrant in patients with PIK3CA-mutated HR+ /HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC) (SOLAR-1). Hyperglycemia, an on-target adverse effect of PI3Kα inhibition, can lead to dose modifications, potentially impacting alpelisib efficacy. We report data from preclinical models and two clinical trials (SOLAR-1 and BYLieve) on Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use to improve PI3Kα inhibitor-associated hyperglycemia. METHODS Healthy Brown Norway (BN), mild diabetic Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF), and Rat1-myr-p110α/HBRX3077 tumor-bearing nude rats treated with alpelisib were analyzed for glucose and insulin control with metformin and dapagliflozin (SGLT2i) and alpelisib efficacy. Hyperglycemia adverse events (AEs) were compared between patients receiving SGLT2i with alpelisib (n = 19) and a propensity score-matched cohort not receiving SGLT2i (n = 74) in both trials. RESULTS Dapagliflozin and metformin in BN and ZDF rats treated with alpelisib normalized blood glucose and reduced insulin levels. No signs of ketosis or drug-drug interaction were observed when metformin and dapagliflozin was administered with alpelisib. Alpelisib antitumor efficacy was maintained when used with dapagliflozin in tumor-bearing rats. Compared with a matched set of patients without SGLT2i, patients receiving SGLT2i had 4.9 and 6.4 times lower rates of grade ≥ 3 hyperglycemia AEs and hyperglycemia AEs resulting in alpelisib dose adjustments, interruptions, or withdrawals, respectively, and a relative reduction in risk of experiencing these AEs (70.6% and 35.7%). CONCLUSION These data suggest adding an SGLT2i can effectively manage hyperglycemia, resulting in fewer alpelisib dose modifications and discontinuations in patients with PIK3CA-mutated HR+ /HER2- ABC (SOLAR-1: NCT02437318; BYLieve: NCT03056755).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yen-Shen Lu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yeon Hee Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Mario Airoldi
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Luis Fein
- Instituto de Oncología de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gunasekharan V, Lin HK, Marczyk M, Rios-Hoyo A, Campos GE, Shan NL, Ahmed M, Umlauf S, Gareiss P, Raaisa R, Williams R, Cardone R, Siebel S, Kibbey R, Surovtseva YV, Pusztai L. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-2 (PCK2) is a therapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07462-z. [PMID: 39177932 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic rewiring in malignant transformation is often accompanied by altered expression of metabolic isozymes. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-2 (PCK2) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis and is the dominant isoform in many cancers including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our goal was to identify small molecule inhibitors of PCK2 enzyme activity. METHODS We assessed the impact of PCK2 down regulation with shRNA on TNBC cell growth in vitro and used AtomNet® deep convolutional neural network software to identify potential small molecule inhibitors of PCK2-based structure. We iteratively tested candidate compounds in an in vitro PCK-2 enzyme assay. The impact of the top hit on metabolic flux and cell viability was also assessed. RESULTS PCK2 downregulation decreased growth of BT-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells and reduced metabolic flux through pyruvate carboxylase. The first AtomNet® in silico structural screen of 7 million compounds yielded 86 structures that were tested in PCK2 enzyme assay in vitro. The top hit (IC50 = 2.4 µM) was used to refine a second round of in silico screen that yielded 82 candidates to be tested in vitro, which resulted in 45 molecules with inhibition > 20%. In the second in vitro screen we also included 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoate, previously suggested to be PCK2 inhibitor based on structure, which emerged as the top hit. The specificity of this compound was tested in PCK1 and PCK2 enzymatic assays and showed IC50 of 500 nM and 3.5-27 nM for PCK1 and PCK2, respectively. CONCLUSION 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoate is a high affinity PCK2 enzyme inhibitor that also has significant growth inhibitory activity in breast cell lines in vitro and represents a potential therapeutic lead compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Gunasekharan
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Hao-Kuen Lin
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Michal Marczyk
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Alejandro Rios-Hoyo
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Gerson Espinoza Campos
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Naing Lin Shan
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | | | - Sheila Umlauf
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter Gareiss
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raaisa Raaisa
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Richard Williams
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Rebecca Cardone
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Stephan Siebel
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Richard Kibbey
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Yulia V Surovtseva
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 120, Rm 133, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ko HC, Seager RJ, Pabla S, Senosain MF, Van Roey E, Gao S, Strickland KC, Previs RA, Green MF, Cooper M, Nesline MK, Hastings SB, Amoah KA, Zhang S, Conroy JM, Jensen TJ, Eisenberg M, Caveney B, Severson EA, Ramkissoon S, Gandhi S. Comprehensive Assessment of Immune Phenotype and Its Effects on Survival Outcomes in HER2-Low versus HER2-Zero Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2024; 16:483-495. [PMID: 39192887 PMCID: PMC11348991 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s476394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The understanding of molecular characteristics of HER2-low breast cancer is evolving since the establishment of trastuzumab deruxtecan. Here, we explore the differences in expression patterns of immune-related genes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) and survival between HER2-low and HER2-zero breast cancers. Methods Comprehensive genomic and immune profiling, including RNA-seq gene expression assessment of 395 immune genes, was performed on FFPE samples from 129 patients with advanced HER2-negative (immunohistochemistry (IHC) 0, 1+ or 2+ with negative ERBB2 amplification by in-situ hybridization) breast cancer. Both estrogen receptor (ER) and HER2 statuses were obtained from available pathology reports. mRNA expressions of immune biomarkers, except for PD-L1 IHC and TMB, were derived from RNA-seq. Statistical comparisons were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis or Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test or the two-sample test for equality of proportions with continuity correction (p≤0.05 for significance). Survival differences were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis (p≤0.05 for significance). Results There were no significant differences in mRNA expressions of immune-related genes between HER2-low and HER2-zero breast cancers. However, HER2-low breast cancers were associated with a higher proportion of ER-positivity. When ER was analyzed along with HER2, we observed a significantly higher tumor immunogenic signature (TIGS) expression in HER2-zero/ER-negative tumors than in HER2-low/ER-positive tumors (p=0.0088). Similarly, lower expression of PD-L1 and T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) mRNA was observed in HER2-low/ER-positive tumors when compared to HER2-zero/ER-negative tumors (p=0.014 and 0.012, respectively). Patients with HER2-low tumors had a longer median OS than those with HER2-zero tumors (94 months vs 42 months, p=0.0044). Conclusion Patients with HER2-low breast cancer have longer survivals yet display no differences in immune-related gene expression when compared to those with HER2-zero cancers. The differences in survival can be attributed to the higher rate of ER-positivity seen in HER2-low breast cancers, compared to HER2-zero tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kyle C Strickland
- Labcorp Oncology, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca Ann Previs
- Labcorp Oncology, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shakti Ramkissoon
- Labcorp Oncology, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Shipra Gandhi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ouyang J, Yang Y, Zhu Q, Lu Y, Kang T, Li Y, Xia M, Chen J, Li Q, Zhu C, Ye L. RNA-binding protein LSM7 facilitates breast cancer metastasis through mediating alternative splicing of CD44. Life Sci 2024:123013. [PMID: 39182568 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The RNA-binding protein LSM7 is essential for RNA splicing, acting as a key component of the spliceosome complex; however, its specific role in breast cancer (BC) has not been extensively investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS LSM7 expression in BC samples was evaluated through bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry. The impact of LSM7 on promoting metastatic tumor characteristics was examined using transwell and wound healing assays, as well as an orthotopic xenograft model. Additionally, the involvement of LSM7 in alternative splicing of CD44 was explored via RNA immunoprecipitation and third-generation sequencing. The regulatory role of TCF3 in modulating LSM7 gene expression was further elucidated using luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation. KEY FINDINGS Our findings demonstrate that LSM7 was significantly overexpressed in metastatic BC tissues and was associated with poor prognostic outcomes in patients with BC. LSM7 overexpression markedly increased the migratory and invasive capabilities of BC cells in vitro and significantly promoted spontaneous lung metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, RIP-seq analysis revealed that LSM7 binded to CD44 RNA, enhancing the expression of its alternatively spliced isoform CD44s, thereby driving BC metastasis and invasion. Additionally, the transcription factor TCF3 was found to activate LSM7 transcription by directly binding to its promoter. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, this study highlights the pivotal role of LSM7 in the production of the CD44s isoform and the promotion of breast cancer metastasis. Targeting the TCF3/LSM7/CD44s axis may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yingqian Yang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yingsi Lu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Tingting Kang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yan Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ming Xia
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jingrun Chen
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qiji Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Chengming Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Liping Ye
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ghosh S, Zhao X, Alim M, Brudno M, Bhat M. Artificial intelligence applied to 'omics data in liver disease: towards a personalised approach for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2023-331740. [PMID: 39174307 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in omics technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies are fuelling our progress towards personalised diagnosis, prognosis and treatment strategies in hepatology. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of AI methods used for analysis of omics data in liver diseases. We present an overview of the prevalence of different omics levels across various liver diseases, as well as categorise the AI methodology used across the studies. Specifically, we highlight the predominance of transcriptomic and genomic profiling and the relatively sparse exploration of other levels such as the proteome and methylome, which represent untapped potential for novel insights. Publicly available database initiatives such as The Cancer Genome Atlas and The International Cancer Genome Consortium have paved the way for advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the same availability of large omics datasets remains limited for other liver diseases. Furthermore, the application of sophisticated AI methods to handle the complexities of multiomics datasets requires substantial data to train and validate the models and faces challenges in achieving bias-free results with clinical utility. Strategies to address the paucity of data and capitalise on opportunities are discussed. Given the substantial global burden of chronic liver diseases, it is imperative that multicentre collaborations be established to generate large-scale omics data for early disease recognition and intervention. Exploring advanced AI methods is also necessary to maximise the potential of these datasets and improve early detection and personalised treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumita Ghosh
- Transplant AI Initiative, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xun Zhao
- Transplant AI Initiative, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mouaid Alim
- Transplant AI Initiative, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brudno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mamatha Bhat
- Transplant AI Initiative, Ajmera Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kang X, Li R, Li X, Xu X. EGFR mutations and abnormal trafficking in cancers. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:924. [PMID: 39167290 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor and a member of the ErbB receptor family. As a significant cancer driver, EGFR undergoes mutations such as gene amplification or overexpression in a wide range of malignant tumors and is closely associated with tumorigenesis. This review examines the aberrant expression of EGFR in several common cancers and summarizes the current therapeutic strategies developed for this receptor. Additionally, this review compares the differences in EGFR activation, internalization, endocytosis, and sorting in normal and cancer cells, and highlights some regulatory factors that influence its trafficking process.Kindly check and confirm the edit made in the title.Yes, correctAs per journal instructions structured abstract is mandatory kindly provideThe abstract format does not apply to Review articles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Kang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 30006, China
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Rendong Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 30006, China
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Hospital of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Nanchang, 330052, China
| | - Xinping Xu
- The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Hospital of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Nanchang, 330052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Souto EP, Gong P, Landua JD, Srinivasan RR, Ganesan A, Dobrolecki LE, Purdy SC, Pan X, Zeosky M, Chung A, Yi SS, Ford HL, Lewis MT. The interferon/STAT1 signaling axis is a common feature of tumor-initiating cells in breast cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.15.557958. [PMID: 37745510 PMCID: PMC10515955 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.15.557958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
A tumor cell subpopulation of tumor-initiating cells (TIC), or "cancer stem cells", are associated with therapeutic resistance, as well as both local and distant recurrence. Enriched populations of TIC are identified by markers including aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1) activity, the cell surface marker combination CD44 + /CD24 - , or fluorescent reporters for signaling pathways that regulate TIC function. We showed previously that S ignal T ransducer and A ctivator of T ranscription (STAT)-mediated transcription allows enrichment for TIC in claudin-low models of human triple-negative breast cancer using a STAT-responsive reporter. However, the molecular phenotypes of STAT TIC are not well understood, and there is no existing method to lineage-trace TIC as they undergo cell state changes. Using a new STAT-responsive lineage-tracing (LT) system in conjunction with our original reporter, we enriched for cells with enhanced mammosphere-forming potential in some, but not all, basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) xenograft models (TNBC) indicating TIC-related and TIC-independent functions for STAT signaling. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) of reporter-tagged xenografts and clinical samples identified a common interferon (IFN)/STAT1-associated transcriptional state, previously linked to inflammation and macrophage differentiation, in TIC. Surprisingly, most of the genes we identified are not present in previously published TIC signatures derived using bulk RNA sequencing. Finally, we demonstrated that bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2), is a cell surface marker of this state, and that it functionally regulates TIC frequency. These results suggest TIC may exploit the IFN/STAT1 signaling axis to promote their activity, and that targeting this pathway may help eliminate TIC. Significance TIC differentially express interferon response genes, which were not previously reported in bulk RNA sequencing-derived TIC signatures, highlighting the importance of coupling single-cell transcriptomics with enrichment to derive TIC signatures.
Collapse
|
24
|
Handler JS, Li Z, Dveirin RK, Fang W, Goodarzi H, Fertig EJ, Kalhor R. Identifying a gene signature of metastatic potential by linking pre-metastatic state to ultimate metastatic fate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.14.607813. [PMID: 39185156 PMCID: PMC11343111 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.14.607813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the key molecular pathways that enable metastasis by analyzing the eventual metastatic tumor is challenging because the state of the founder subclone likely changes following metastatic colonization. To address this challenge, we labeled primary mouse pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) subclones with DNA barcodes to characterize their pre-metastatic state using ATAC-seq and RNA-seq and determine their relative in vivo metastatic potential prospectively. We identified a gene signature separating metastasis-high and metastasis-low subclones orthogonal to the normal-to-PDAC and classical-to-basal axes. The metastasis-high subclones feature activation of IL-1 pathway genes and high NF-κB and Zeb/Snail family activity and the metastasis-low subclones feature activation of neuroendocrine, motility, and Wnt pathway genes and high CDX2 and HOXA13 activity. In a functional screen, we validated novel mediators of PDAC metastasis in the IL-1 pathway, including the NF-κB targets Fos and Il23a, and beyond the IL-1 pathway including Myo1b and Tmem40. We scored human PDAC tumors for our signature of metastatic potential from mouse and found that metastases have higher scores than primary tumors. Moreover, primary tumors with higher scores are associated with worse prognosis. We also found that our metastatic potential signature is enriched in other human carcinomas, suggesting that it is conserved across epithelial malignancies. This work establishes a strategy for linking cancer cell state to future behavior, reveals novel functional regulators of PDAC metastasis, and establishes a method for scoring human carcinomas based on metastatic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse S Handler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zijie Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Rachel K Dveirin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Weixiang Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Arc Institute, Palo Alto 94305, USA
| | - Elana J Fertig
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Convergence Institute, Johns Hopkins Data Science and AI Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Reza Kalhor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Giovannini S, Smirnov A, Concetti L, Scimeca M, Mauriello A, Bischof J, Rovella V, Melino G, Buonomo CO, Candi E, Bernassola F. A comprehensive molecular characterization of a claudin-low luminal B breast tumor. Biol Direct 2024; 19:66. [PMID: 39152485 PMCID: PMC11328405 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in women. Here, we present the case of a 43-year-old woman, who received a diagnosis of claudin-low luminal B breast cancer. The lesion revealed to be a poorly differentiated high-grade infiltrating ductal carcinoma, which was strongly estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) negative. Her tumor underwent in-depth chromosomal, mutational and gene expression analyses. We found a pathogenic protein truncating mutation in the TP53 gene, which is predicted to disrupt its transcriptional activity. The patient also harbors germline mutations in some mismatch repair (MMR) genes, and her tumor displays the presence of immune infiltrates, high tumor mutational burden (TMB) status and the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide 3 (APOBEC3) associated signatures, which, overall, are predictive for the use of immunotherapy. Here, we propose promising prognostic indicators as well as potential therapeutic strategies based on the molecular characterization of the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Giovannini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Artem Smirnov
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Dermopatico Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), 00100, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Concetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Julia Bischof
- Germany Biochemistry Laboratory, Indivumed GmbH, Falkenried, 88 Building D, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Oreste Buonomo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
- Istituto Dermopatico Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), 00100, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bernassola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen Q, Chen Z, Zhang J, Cai Y, Wu S, He D, Cheng K, Gu X, Cai Y, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang M, Wu Z, Peng B. Dual and triple gene combinations of KRT5, KRT17, and S100A2 identify basal-like subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and correlate with survival outcome. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23867. [PMID: 39101950 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302484rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
There is a significant difference in prognosis and response to chemotherapy between basal and classical subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Further biomarkers are required to identify subtypes of PDAC. We selected candidate biomarkers via review articles. Correlations between these candidate markers and the PDAC molecular subtype gene sets were analyzed using bioinformatics, confirming the biomarkers for identifying classical and basal subtypes. Subsequently, 298 PDAC patients were included, and their tumor tissues were immunohistochemically stratified using these biomarkers. Survival data underwent analysis, including Cox proportional hazards modeling. Our results indicate that the pairwise and triple combinations of KRT5/KRT17/S100A2 exhibit a higher correlation coefficient with the basal-like subtype gene set, whereas the corresponding combinations of GATA6/HNF4A/TFF1 show a higher correlation with the classical subtype gene set. Whether analyzing unmatched or propensity-matched data, the overall survival time was significantly shorter for the basal subtype compared with the classical subtype (p < .001), with basal subtype patients also facing a higher risk of mortality (HR = 4.017, 95% CI 2.675-6.032, p < .001). In conclusion, the combined expression of KRT5, KRT17, and S100A2, in both pairwise and triple combinations, independently predicts shorter overall survival in PDAC patients and likely identifies the basal subtype. Similarly, the combined expression of GATA6, HNF4A, and TFF1, in the same manner, may indicate the classical subtype. In our study, the combined application of established biomarkers offers valuable insights for the prognostic evaluation of PDAC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangxing Chen
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zixin Chen
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunqiang Cai
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shangdi Wu
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Du He
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiafei Gu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongbin Li
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Wu
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Peng
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang Q, Cai Z, Gerratana L, Davis AA, D'Amico P, Chawla A, Jacob S, Zhang Y, Jiao J, Qin W, Reduzzi C, Flaum L, Shah A, Gradishar WJ. Early Evaluation of Risk Stratification and Clinical Outcomes for Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer through Combined Monitoring of Baseline Circulating Tumor Cells and DNA. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:3470-3480. [PMID: 38829582 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-0535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early evaluation of tumor heterogeneity related to metastasis and outcomes is a major challenge in the management of advanced breast cancer (BCa) in the clinic. In this study, we introduced the value of baseline circulating tumor cells (CTC) and ctDNA for early differentiation of clinical stages, tumor heterogeneity, and prognosis in clinic. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 292 patients with BCa were enrolled in this study, including 254 Stage IV and 38 Stage III patients, and examined the baseline levels of CTCs, CTC-clusters, and plasma ctDNA before initiating therapies. Outcomes including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were evaluated using proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS The baseline CTCs, including HER2+ CTCs, in Stage IV patients were approximately 9.5 times higher than those detected in Stage III patients. Baseline CTC counts with a cutoff of 5 were significantly associated with the prognosis. Within each stage, patients with <5 CTCs had significantly longer PFS. Stage III patients with no CTCs exhibited the longest survival compared with patients with ≥1 CTC. CTC-clusters were only found in Stage IV patients, among whom 15 Stage IV patients with ≥5 CTC-clusters had the worst PFS compared with the 239 Stage IV patients with <5 CTC-clusters. Similar outcomes were observed in 28 out of 254 Stage IV patients who had at least one CTC-cluster detected, as these patients had shorter PFS compared with CTC-cluster negative group. The major differences in ctDNA mutations between patients with Stage III and Stage IV BCa were in PIK3CA and ESR1, which were associated with specific organ metastasis and worse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Assessing the baseline levels of CTCs, CTC-clusters, and mutational ctDNA profile could reliably aid in differentiation of clinical stage and early prediction of metastasis and outcomes in advanced BCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Core Facility, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zheng Cai
- Biostatistics Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lorenzo Gerratana
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Andrew A Davis
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Akhil Chawla
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Saya Jacob
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Youbin Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Core Facility, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jianhua Jiao
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Innovation Center for Tumor Immunocytology Therapy Technology, Xijing Innovation Research Institute, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Innovation Center for Tumor Immunocytology Therapy Technology, Xijing Innovation Research Institute, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Carolina Reduzzi
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Department of Medicine (WDOM), Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Lisa Flaum
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ami Shah
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Core Facility, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William J Gradishar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) Core Facility, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Saner FA, Takahashi K, Budden T, Pandey A, Ariyaratne D, Zwimpfer TA, Meagher NS, Fereday S, Twomey L, Pishas KI, Hoang T, Bolithon A, Traficante N, Alsop K, Christie EL, Kang EY, Nelson GS, Ghatage P, Lee CH, Riggan MJ, Alsop J, Beckmann MW, Boros J, Brand AH, Brooks-Wilson A, Carney ME, Coulson P, Courtney-Brooks M, Cushing-Haugen KL, Cybulski C, El-Bahrawy MA, Elishaev E, Erber R, Gayther SA, Gentry-Maharaj A, Gilks CB, Harnett PR, Harris HR, Hartmann A, Hein A, Hendley J, Hernandez BY, Jakubowska A, Jimenez-Linan M, Jones ME, Kaufmann SH, Kennedy CJ, Kluz T, Koziak JM, Kristjansdottir B, Le ND, Lener M, Lester J, Lubiński J, Mateoiu C, Orsulic S, Ruebner M, Schoemaker MJ, Shah M, Sharma R, Sherman ME, Shvetsov YB, Soong TR, Steed H, Sukumvanich P, Talhouk A, Taylor SE, Vierkant RA, Wang C, Widschwendter M, Wilkens LR, Winham SJ, Anglesio MS, Berchuck A, Brenton JD, Campbell I, Cook LS, Doherty JA, Fasching PA, Fortner RT, Goodman MT, Gronwald J, Huntsman DG, Karlan BY, Kelemen LE, Menon U, Modugno F, Pharoah PD, Schildkraut JM, Sundfeldt K, Swerdlow AJ, Goode EL, DeFazio A, Köbel M, Ramus SJ, Bowtell DD, Garsed DW. Concurrent RB1 Loss and BRCA Deficiency Predicts Enhanced Immunologic Response and Long-term Survival in Tubo-ovarian High-grade Serous Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:3481-3498. [PMID: 38837893 PMCID: PMC11325151 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-3552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate RB1 expression and survival across ovarian carcinoma histotypes and how co-occurrence of BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA) alterations and RB1 loss influences survival in tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN RB1 protein expression was classified by immunohistochemistry in ovarian carcinomas of 7,436 patients from the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium. We examined RB1 expression and germline BRCA status in a subset of 1,134 HGSC, and related genotype to overall survival (OS), tumor-infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes, and transcriptomic subtypes. Using CRISPR-Cas9, we deleted RB1 in HGSC cells with and without BRCA1 alterations to model co-loss with treatment response. We performed whole-genome and transcriptome data analyses on 126 patients with primary HGSC to characterize tumors with concurrent BRCA deficiency and RB1 loss. RESULTS RB1 loss was associated with longer OS in HGSC but with poorer prognosis in endometrioid ovarian carcinoma. Patients with HGSC harboring both RB1 loss and pathogenic germline BRCA variants had superior OS compared with patients with either alteration alone, and their median OS was three times longer than those without pathogenic BRCA variants and retained RB1 expression (9.3 vs. 3.1 years). Enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel was seen in BRCA1-altered cells with RB1 knockout. Combined RB1 loss and BRCA deficiency correlated with transcriptional markers of enhanced IFN response, cell-cycle deregulation, and reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CD8+ lymphocytes were most prevalent in BRCA-deficient HGSC with co-loss of RB1. CONCLUSIONS Co-occurrence of RB1 loss and BRCA deficiency was associated with exceptionally long survival in patients with HGSC, potentially due to better treatment response and immune stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flurina A.M. Saner
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Kazuaki Takahashi
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Timothy Budden
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- Skin Cancer and Ageing Lab, Cancer Research United Kingdom Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Ahwan Pandey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | | | - Nicola S. Meagher
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Sian Fereday
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Laura Twomey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Kathleen I. Pishas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Therese Hoang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Adelyn Bolithon
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Nadia Traficante
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | | | - Kathryn Alsop
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth L. Christie
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Eun-Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Gregg S. Nelson
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Prafull Ghatage
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Marjorie J. Riggan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - Jennifer Alsop
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jessica Boros
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Alison H. Brand
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | - Michael E. Carney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.
| | - Penny Coulson
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Madeleine Courtney-Brooks
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Kara L. Cushing-Haugen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Mona A. El-Bahrawy
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Esther Elishaev
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Ramona Erber
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Simon A. Gayther
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics and the Cedars Sinai Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
- Department of Women’s Cancer, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - C. Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Paul R. Harnett
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Holly R. Harris
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Joy Hendley
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Michael E. Jones
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Scott H. Kaufmann
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Catherine J. Kennedy
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Tomasz Kluz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gynecology Oncology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | | | - Björg Kristjansdottir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Nhu D. Le
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Marcin Lener
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Jenny Lester
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Sandra Orsulic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Matthias Ruebner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Minouk J. Schoemaker
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Mitul Shah
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Raghwa Sharma
- Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Mark E. Sherman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
| | - Yurii B. Shvetsov
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - T. Rinda Soong
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Helen Steed
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Section of Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, North Zone, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Paniti Sukumvanich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Aline Talhouk
- British Columbia’s Gynecological Cancer Research Team (OVCARE), BC Cancer, and Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Sarah E. Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Robert A. Vierkant
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Chen Wang
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | | | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Independent Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Michael S. Anglesio
- British Columbia’s Gynecological Cancer Research Team (OVCARE), BC Cancer, and Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
| | - James D. Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Ian Campbell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Linda S. Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
- Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Jennifer A. Doherty
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Renée T. Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marc T. Goodman
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - David G. Huntsman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- British Columbia’s Gynecological Cancer Research Team (OVCARE), BC Cancer, and Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Beth Y. Karlan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Linda E. Kelemen
- Division of Acute Disease Epidemiology, South Carolina Department of Health & Environmental Control, Columbia, South Carolina.
| | - Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- Women’s Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Paul D.P. Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California.
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Joellen M. Schildkraut
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Anthony J. Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - Anna DeFazio
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
- Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Martin Köbel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of NSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - David D.L. Bowtell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Dale W. Garsed
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tomuleasa C, Tigu AB, Munteanu R, Moldovan CS, Kegyes D, Onaciu A, Gulei D, Ghiaur G, Einsele H, Croce CM. Therapeutic advances of targeting receptor tyrosine kinases in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:201. [PMID: 39138146 PMCID: PMC11323831 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01899-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), a category of transmembrane receptors, have gained significant clinical attention in oncology due to their central role in cancer pathogenesis. Genetic alterations, including mutations, amplifications, and overexpression of certain RTKs, are critical in creating environments conducive to tumor development. Following their discovery, extensive research has revealed how RTK dysregulation contributes to oncogenesis, with many cancer subtypes showing dependency on aberrant RTK signaling for their proliferation, survival and progression. These findings paved the way for targeted therapies that aim to inhibit crucial biological pathways in cancer. As a result, RTKs have emerged as primary targets in anticancer therapeutic development. Over the past two decades, this has led to the synthesis and clinical validation of numerous small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), now effectively utilized in treating various cancer types. In this manuscript we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the RTKs in the context of cancer. We explored the various alterations and overexpression of specific receptors across different malignancies, with special attention dedicated to the examination of current RTK inhibitors, highlighting their role as potential targeted therapies. By integrating the latest research findings and clinical evidence, we seek to elucidate the pivotal role of RTKs in cancer biology and the therapeutic efficacy of RTK inhibition with promising treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Adrian-Bogdan Tigu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Munteanu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian-Silviu Moldovan
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - David Kegyes
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Onaciu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriel Ghiaur
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Department of Leukemia, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik II, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liao CY, Engelberts P, Ioan-Facsinay A, Klip JE, Schmidt T, Ruijtenbeek R, Danen EHJ. CD3-engaging bispecific antibodies trigger a paracrine regulated wave of T-cell recruitment for effective tumor killing. Commun Biol 2024; 7:983. [PMID: 39138287 PMCID: PMC11322607 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of action of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) directing T-cell immunity to solid tumors is incompletely understood. Here, we screened a series of CD3xHER2 bsAbs using extracellular matrix (ECM) embedded breast cancer tumoroid arrays exposed to healthy donor-derived T-cells. An initial phase of random T-cell movement throughout the ECM (day 1-2), was followed by a bsAb-dependent phase of active T-cell recruitment to tumoroids (day 2-4), and tumoroid killing (day 4-6). Low affinity HER2 or CD3 arms were compensated for by increasing bsAb concentrations. Instead, a bsAb binding a membrane proximal HER2 epitope supported tumor killing whereas a bsAb binding a membrane distal epitope did not, despite similar affinities and intra-tumoroid localization of the bsAbs, and efficacy in 2D co-cultures. Initial T-cell-tumor contact through effective bsAbs triggered a wave of subsequent T-cell recruitment. This critical surge of T-cell recruitment was explained by paracrine signaling and preceded a full-scale T-cell tumor attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Liao
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Janna Eleonora Klip
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Erik H J Danen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bao R, Qu H, Li B, Cheng K, Miao Y, Wang J. The role of metabolic reprogramming in immune escape of triple-negative breast cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1424237. [PMID: 39192979 PMCID: PMC11347331 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1424237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has become a thorny problem in the treatment of breast cancer because of its high invasiveness, metastasis and recurrence. Although immunotherapy has made important progress in TNBC, immune escape caused by many factors, especially metabolic reprogramming, is still the bottleneck of TNBC immunotherapy. Regrettably, the mechanisms responsible for immune escape remain poorly understood. Exploring the mechanism of TNBC immune escape at the metabolic level provides a target and direction for follow-up targeting or immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on the mechanism that TNBC affects immune cells and interstitial cells through hypoxia, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and changes tumor metabolism and tumor microenvironment. This will help to find new targets and strategies for TNBC immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Bao
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongtao Qu
- Emergency Department of Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Baifeng Li
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yandong Miao
- Cancer Center, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2 Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The 2Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kumar R, Awasthi S, Pradhan D, Kumar R, Goel H, Singh J, Haider I, Deo SVS, Kumar C, Srivastava A, Bhatnagar A, Kumar R, Lakshmi S, Augustine P, Ranjan A, Chopra A, Gogia A, Batra A, Mathur S, Rath GK, Kaur T, Dhaliwal RS, Mathew A, Agrawal U, Hussain S, Tanwar P. Somatic mutational landscape across Indian breast cancer cases by whole exome sequencing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18679. [PMID: 39134585 PMCID: PMC11319672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has emerged as the most common malignancy among females. The genomic profile of BC is diverse in nature and complex due to heterogeneity among various geographically different ethnic groups. The primary objective of this study was to carry out a comprehensive mutational analysis of Indian BC cases by performing whole exome sequencing. The cohort included patients with a median age of 48 years. TTN, TP53, MUC16, SYNE1, and OBSCN were the frequently altered genes found in our cohort. The PIK3CA and KLC3 genes are driver genes implicated in various cellular functions and cargo transportation through microtubules, respectively. Except for CCDC168 and PIK3CA, several gene pairings were found to be significantly linked with co-occurrence. Irrespective of their hormonal receptor status, RTK/RAS was observed with frequently altered signaling pathways. Further analysis of the mutational signature revealed that SBS13, SBS6, and SBS29 were mainly observed in our cohort. This study supplements the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers and provides new therapeutic options for the improved management of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Supriya Awasthi
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh Goel
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jay Singh
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Imran Haider
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S V S Deo
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chitresh Kumar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amar Bhatnagar
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S Lakshmi
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Paul Augustine
- Division of Surgical Services, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Amar Ranjan
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Gogia
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Batra
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Goura Kishor Rath
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanvir Kaur
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - R S Dhaliwal
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Aleyamma Mathew
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Usha Agrawal
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Showket Hussain
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Singh DK, Cong Z, Song YJ, Liu M, Chaudhary R, Liu D, Wang Y, Prasanth R, K C R, Lizarazo S, Akhnoukh M, Gholamalamdari O, Moitra A, Jenkins LM, Bhargava R, Nelson ER, Van Bortle K, Prasanth SG, Prasanth KV. MANCR lncRNA Modulates Cell-Cycle Progression and Metastasis by Cis-Regulation of Nuclear Rho-GEF. Mol Cell Biol 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39133105 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2024.2383773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A significant number of the genetic alterations observed in cancer patients lie within nonprotein-coding segments of the genome, including regions coding for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs display aberrant expression in breast cancer (BrCa), but the functional implications of this altered expression remain to be elucidated. By performing transcriptome screen in a triple negative BrCa (TNBC) isogenic 2D and 3D spheroid model, we observed aberrant expression of >1000 lncRNAs during BrCa progression. The chromatin-associated lncRNA MANCR shows elevated expression in metastatic TNBC. MANCR is upregulated in response to cellular stress and modulates DNA repair and cell proliferation. MANCR promotes metastasis as MANCR-depleted cells show reduced cell migration, invasion, and wound healing in vitro, and reduced metastatic lung colonization in xenograft experiments in vivo. Transcriptome analyses reveal that MANCR modulates expression and pre-mRNA splicing of genes, controlling DNA repair and checkpoint response. MANCR promotes the transcription of NET1A, a Rho-GEF that regulates DNA damage checkpoint and metastatic processes in cis, by differential promoter usage. Experiments suggest that MANCR regulates the expression of cancer-associated genes by modulating the association of various transcription factors and RNA-binding proteins. Our results identified the metastasis-promoting activities of MANCR in TNBC by cis-regulation of gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K Singh
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhengmin Cong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - You Jin Song
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Minxue Liu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ritu Chaudhary
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Dazhen Liu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Rajendra K C
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Simon Lizarazo
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Miriam Akhnoukh
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Omid Gholamalamdari
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Anurupa Moitra
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Lisa M Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Bioengineering, Cancer Center at Illinois, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, UIUC, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Erik R Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology-Anticancer Discovery from Pets to People, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kevin Van Bortle
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Supriya G Prasanth
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kannanganattu V Prasanth
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Guo Y, Wang X, Du Y, Zhao Y, Gao L, Hao Y, Lv D, Feng X, Zhai Y, Zou B, Han J, Xu E, Yang Y, Yang B, Xi Y, Zhang L. The splicing factor SF3B1 confers ferroptosis resistance and promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression via upregulation of SLC7A11. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00817-0. [PMID: 39127833 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the expression of SF3B1 in non-small cell lung cancer, and its clinical significance, biological function, and molecular mechanisms. SF3B1 mRNA and protein levels were elevated in both lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues based on TCGA data and immunohistochemistry. Notably, high SF3B1 expression in LUAD was significantly associated with increased lymph node metastasis. Functional experiments involving SF3B1 knockdown and overexpression demonstrated that SF3B1 facilitated the proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUAD cells. Additionally, the SF3B1 inhibitor pladienolide-B attenuated the aggressive behavior of LUAD cells both in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes in the SF3B1 knockdown and SF3B1 inhibitor groups were enriched in ferroptosis-related pathways compared to their respective control groups. The antiferroptotic role of SF3B1 in LUAD cells was validated by detecting glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation, and observing morphological changes using transmission electron microscopy. This process was confirmed to be independent of apoptosis and autophagy, as evidenced by the effects of the ferroptosis inducer erastin, the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Rescue experiments indicated that the antiferroptotic role of SF3B1 in LUAD is partially mediated by upregulating the expression of SLC7A11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Guo
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Du
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Inspection and Testing Center, Taiyuan, 030031, Shanxi, China
| | - Yixuan Zhao
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Lvye Gao
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanlong Hao
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Dou Lv
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuanfang Zhai
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Binbin Zou
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinli Han
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China
| | - Enwei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yu Y, Cao WM, Cheng F, Shi Z, Han L, Yi J, da Silva EM, Dopeso H, Chen H, Yang J, Wang X, Zhang C, Zhang H. FOXK2 amplification promotes breast cancer development and chemoresistance. Cancer Lett 2024; 597:217074. [PMID: 38901667 PMCID: PMC11290987 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Oncogene activation through DNA amplification or overexpression is a crucial driver of cancer initiation and progression. The FOXK2 gene, located on chromosome 17q25, encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead DNA-binding domain. Analysis of genomic datasets reveals that FOXK2 is frequently amplified and overexpressed in breast cancer, correlating with poor patient survival. Knockdown of FOXK2 significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, anchorage-independent growth, and delayed tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Additionally, inhibiting FOXK2 sensitized breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. Co-overexpression of FOXK2 and mutant PI3KCA transformed non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells, suggesting a role for FOXK2 in PI3KCA-driven tumorigenesis. CCNE2, PDK1, and ESR1 were identified as transcriptional targets of FOXK2 in MCF-7 cells. Small-molecule inhibitors of CCNE2/CDK2 (dinaciclib) and PDK1 (dichloroacetate) exhibited synergistic anti-tumor effects with PI3KCA inhibitor (alpelisib) in vitro. Inhibition of FOXK2 by dinaciclib synergistically enhanced the anti-tumor effects of alpelisib in a xenograft mouse model. Collectively, these findings highlight the oncogenic function of FOXK2 and suggest that FOXK2 and its downstream genes represent potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Wen-Ming Cao
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Feng Cheng
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Shi
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lili Han
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jinling Yi
- Texas Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Edaise M da Silva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Higinio Dopeso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20010, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Chunchao Zhang
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20010, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Andriani L, Ling YX, Yang SY, Zhao Q, Ma XY, Huang MY, Zhang YL, Zhang FL, Li DQ, Shao ZM. Sideroflexin-1 promotes progression and sensitivity to lapatinib in triple-negative breast cancer by inhibiting TOLLIP-mediated autophagic degradation of CIP2A. Cancer Lett 2024; 597:217008. [PMID: 38849012 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and it lacks specific therapeutic targets and effective treatment protocols. By analyzing a proteomic TNBC dataset, we found significant upregulation of sideroflexin 1 (SFXN1) in tumor tissues. However, the precise function of SFXN1 in TNBC remains unclear. Immunoblotting was performed to determine SFXN1 expression levels. Label-free quantitative proteomics and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify the downstream targets of SFXN1. Mechanistic studies of SFXN1 and cellular inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) were performed using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Functional experiments were used to investigate the role of SFXN1 in TNBC cells. SFXN1 was significantly overexpressed in TNBC tumor tissues and was associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients with TNBC. Functional experiments demonstrated that SFXN1 promoted TNBC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that SFXN1 promoted TNBC progression by inhibiting the autophagy receptor TOLLIP (toll interacting protein)-mediated autophagic degradation of CIP2A. The pro-tumorigenic effect of SFXN1 overexpression was partially prevented by lapatinib-mediated inhibition of the CIP2A/PP2A/p-AKT pathway. These findings may provide a new targeted therapy for patients with TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Andriani
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Ling
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shao-Ying Yang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min-Ying Huang
- Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fang-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Da-Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mehrtabar E, Khalaji A, Pandeh M, Farhoudian A, Shafiee N, Shafiee A, Ojaghlou F, Mahdavi P, Soleymani-Goloujeh M. Impact of microRNA variants on PI3K/AKT signaling in triple-negative breast cancer: comprehensive review. Med Oncol 2024; 41:222. [PMID: 39120634 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype associated with high mortality rates, especially among younger females. TNBC poses a considerable clinical challenge due to its aggressive tumor behavior and limited therapeutic options. Aberrations within the PI3K/AKT pathway are prevalent in TNBC and correlate with increased therapeutic intervention resistance and poor outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as crucial PI3K/AKT pathway regulators influencing various cellular processes involved in TNBC pathogenesis. The levels of miRs, including miR-193, miR-4649-5p, and miR-449a, undergo notable changes in TNBC tumor tissues, emphasizing their significance in cancer biology. This review explored the intricate interplay between miR variants and PI3K/AKT signaling in TNBC. The review focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying miR-mediated dysregulation of this pathway and highlighted specific miRs and their targets. In addition, we explore the clinical implications of miR dysregulation in TNBC, particularly its correlation with TNBC prognosis and therapeutic resistance. Elucidating the roles of miRs in modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway will enhance our understanding of TNBC biology and unveil potential therapeutic targets. This comprehensive review aims to discuss current knowledge and open promising avenues for future research, ultimately facilitating the development of precise and effective treatments for patients with TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Mehrtabar
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Khalaji
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Pandeh
- School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Aram Farhoudian
- School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nadia Shafiee
- Children's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Shafiee
- Board-Certified Cardiologist, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ojaghlou
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parinaz Mahdavi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soleymani-Goloujeh
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Santana MDFM, Sawada MIBAC, Junior DRS, Giacaglia MB, Reis M, Xavier J, Côrrea-Giannella ML, Soriano FG, Gebrim LH, Ronsein GE, Passarelli M. Proteomic Profiling of HDL in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Based on Tumor Molecular Classification and Clinical Stage of Disease. Cells 2024; 13:1327. [PMID: 39195217 DOI: 10.3390/cells13161327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and breast cancer (BC) remains controversial due to the high complexity of the HDL particle and its functionality. The HDL proteome was determined in newly diagnosed BC classified according to the molecular type [luminal A or B (LA or LB), HER2, and triple-negative (TN)] and clinical stage of the disease. Women (n = 141) aged between 18 and 80 years with BC, treatment-naïve, and healthy women [n = 103; control group (CT)], matched by age and body mass index, were included. Data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics was performed in isolated HDL (D = 1.063-1.21 g/mL). Results: Paraoxonase1, carnosine dipeptidase1, immunoglobulin mMu heavy chain constant region (IGHM), apoA-4, and transthyretin were reduced, and serum amyloid A2 and tetranectin were higher in BC compared to CT. In TNBC, apoA-1, apoA-2, apoC-2, and apoC-4 were reduced compared to LA, LB, and HER2, and apoA-4 compared to LA and HER2. ComplementC3, lambda immunoglobulin2/3, serpin3, IGHM, complement9, alpha2 lysine rich-glycoprotein1, and complement4B were higher in TNBC in comparison to all other types; complement factor B and vitamin D-binding protein were in contrast to LA and HER2, and plasminogen compared to LA and LB. In grouped stages III + IV, tetranectin and alpha2-macroglobulin were reduced, and haptoglobin-related protein; lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, serum amyloid A1, and IGHM were increased compared to stages I + II. Conclusions: A differential proteomic profile of HDL in BC based on tumor molecular classification and the clinical stage of the disease may contribute to a better understanding of the association of HDL with BC pathophysiology, treatment, and outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique de Fatima Mello Santana
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabela Bloise Alves Caldas Sawada
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
- Grupo de Saúde de Curitiba (GSAU-CT), CINDACTA II, Brazilian Air Force, Curitiba 82510-901, Brazil
| | - Douglas Ricardo Souza Junior
- Laboratório de Proteômica Aplicada à Processos Inflamatórios, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | - Mozania Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
- Unidade Básica de Saúde Dra. Ilza Weltman Hutzler, Sao Paulo 02472-180, Brazil
| | - Jacira Xavier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
- Unidade Básica de Saúde Dra. Ilza Weltman Hutzler, Sao Paulo 02472-180, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Côrrea-Giannella
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM18), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- Laboratório de Emergências Clínicas (LIM51), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Gebrim
- Centro de Referência da Saúde, Mulher-Hospital Pérola Byington, Sao Paulo 01215-000, Brazil
| | - Graziella Eliza Ronsein
- Laboratório de Proteômica Aplicada à Processos Inflamatórios, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo 01525-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
WalyEldeen AA, Sabet S, Anis SE, Stein T, Ibrahim AM. FBLN2 is associated with basal cell markers Krt14 and ITGB1 in mouse mammary epithelial cells and has a preferential expression in molecular subtypes of human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07447-y. [PMID: 39110274 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibulin-2 (FBLN2) is a secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and has been identified in the mouse mammary gland, in cap cells of terminal end buds (TEBs) during puberty, and around myoepithelial cells during early pregnancy. It is required for basement membrane (BM) integrity in mammary epithelium, and its loss has been associated with human breast cancer invasion. Herein, we attempted to confirm the relevance of FBLN2 to myoepithelial phenotype in mammary epithelium and to assess its expression in molecular subtypes of human breast cancer. METHODS The relationship between FBLN2 expression and epithelial markers was investigated in pubertal mouse mammary glands and the EpH4 mouse mammary epithelial cell line using immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, and immunoblotting. Human breast cancer mRNA data from the METABRIC and TCGA datasets from Bioportal were analyzed to assess the association of Fbln2 expression with epithelial markers, and with molecular subtypes. Survival curves were generated using data from the METABRIC dataset and the KM databases. RESULTS FBLN2 knockdown in mouse mammary epithelial cells was associated with a reduction in KRT14 and an increase in KRT18. Further, TGFβ3 treatment resulted in the upregulation of FBLN2 in vitro. Meta-analyses of human breast cancer datasets from Bioportal showed a higher expression of Fbln2 mRNA in claudin-low, LumA, and normal-like breast cancers compared to LumB, Her2 +, and Basal-like subgroups. Fbln2 mRNA levels were positively associated with mesenchymal markers, myoepithelial markers, and markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Higher expression of Fbln2 mRNA was associated with better prognosis in less advanced breast cancer and this pattern was reversed in more advanced lesions. CONCLUSION With further validation, these observations may offer a molecular prognostic tool for human breast cancer for more personalized therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Salwa Sabet
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Shady E Anis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Torsten Stein
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ayman M Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
- Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Aswan, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Takahashi K, Yan L, An N, Chida K, Tian W, Oshi M, Takabe K. RAD51 High-Expressed Hepatocellular Carcinomas are Associated With High Cell Proliferation. J Surg Res 2024; 302:250-258. [PMID: 39111128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RAD51 is a pivotal DNA repair gene managing double-stranded DNA break recognition and repair. RAD51 high expression was associated with adverse outcomes in other cancer types. This study aims to investigate the tumor microenvironment and immune landscape in the RAD51 high-expressed Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCCs). METHODS A total of 467 patients from two large independent cohorts with clinical and transcriptomic data were obtained. The cohort was dichotomized based on the median RAD51 gene expression. xCell and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used. RESULTS RAD51 high-expressed HCCs were associated with worse recurrence-free, progression-free, disease-specific, and overall survival (all P < 0.05). While RAD51 high-expressed HCCs were associated with intratumoral heterogeneity, homologous recombination deficiency, and fraction altered scores, mutation or neoantigens were not increased in this group. xCell analysis demonstrated inconsistent immune cell infiltration between two cohorts. Cytolytic activity as well as GSEA with immune-related gene sets also demonstrated inconsistent results between two cohorts as well. On the other hand, RAD51 expression was significantly increased in higher-grade tumors, larger tumors, and higher clinical stages. RAD51 high-expressed HCCs were found to have elevated proliferation score. Furthermore, GSEA exhibited significant enrichment of all the cell proliferation-related gene sets in the Hallmark collection, including E2F targets, G2M checkpoint, Mitotic spindle, MYC targets, and MTORC1 signaling consistently in both cohorts (all false discovery rate < 0.25). CONCLUSIONS RAD51 high-expressed HCCs were associated with worse survival and with increased cell proliferation and were not necessarily associated with immune infiltration or inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Takahashi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Nan An
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kohei Chida
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Wanqing Tian
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Masanori Oshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York; Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nightingale R, Reehorst CM, Vukelic N, Papadopoulos N, Liao Y, Guleria S, Bell C, Vaillant F, Paul S, Luk IY, Dhillon AS, Jenkins LJ, Morrow RJ, Jackling FC, Chand AL, Chisanga D, Chen Y, Williams DS, Anderson RL, Ellis S, Meikle PJ, Shi W, Visvader JE, Pal B, Mariadason JM. Ehf controls mammary alveolar lineage differentiation and is a putative suppressor of breast tumorigenesis. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1988-2004.e11. [PMID: 38781975 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factor EHF is highly expressed in the lactating mammary gland, but its role in mammary development and tumorigenesis is not fully understood. Utilizing a mouse model of Ehf deletion, herein, we demonstrate that loss of Ehf impairs mammary lobuloalveolar differentiation at late pregnancy, indicated by significantly reduced levels of milk genes and milk lipids, fewer differentiated alveolar cells, and an accumulation of alveolar progenitor cells. Further, deletion of Ehf increased proliferative capacity and attenuated prolactin-induced alveolar differentiation in mammary organoids. Ehf deletion also increased tumor incidence in the MMTV-PyMT mammary tumor model and increased the proliferative capacity of mammary tumor organoids, while low EHF expression was associated with higher tumor grade and poorer outcome in luminal A and basal human breast cancers. Collectively, these findings establish EHF as a non-redundant regulator of mammary alveolar differentiation and a putative suppressor of mammary tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Nightingale
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Camilla M Reehorst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Natalia Vukelic
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Yang Liao
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Shalini Guleria
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Caroline Bell
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - François Vaillant
- Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sudip Paul
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Ian Y Luk
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Amardeep S Dhillon
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Laura J Jenkins
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Riley J Morrow
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Felicity C Jackling
- Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ashwini L Chand
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - David Chisanga
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Yunshun Chen
- Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - David S Williams
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; Department of Pathology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Robin L Anderson
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah Ellis
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Wei Shi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Jane E Visvader
- Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Bhupinder Pal
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - John M Mariadason
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Stanton S, Schmitz F, Copeland W, DellAringa J, Newhall K, Disis M. Populations of triple negative and hormone receptor positive HER2 negative breast tumors share immune gene profiles. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4542494. [PMID: 39149486 PMCID: PMC11326399 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4542494/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
In breast cancer, triple negative (TN) breast cancer has most responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Lymphocyte infiltrate does not impact prognosis in Hormone receptor positive HER2 negative (HR + HER2-) breast tumors and few HR + HER2- tumors respond to ICI. We contrasted immune-associated gene expression between 119 TN and 475 HR + HER2- breast tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and confirmed our findings in 299 TN and 1369 HR + HER2- breast tumors in the METABRIC database. TN and HR+ HER2- tumors grouped into immune-high or -low tumors, both subtypes were represented in the immune-high group. The largest difference between the immune-high TN and HR + HER2- tumors was TN tumors had more abundant Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cells while HR + HER2- tumors had more abundant fibroblasts (log2FC > 0.3; p < 10×10-10). This suggests an immune-high signature is not dictated by breast cancer subtype, but fibroblast subsets associated with worse outcome were higher in the immune-high HR + HER2- tumors.
Collapse
|
43
|
Rajaram S, Synnott NC, Crown J, Madden SF, Duffy MJ. Targeting mutant p53 with arsenic trioxide: A preclinical study focusing on triple negative breast cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102025. [PMID: 38870678 PMCID: PMC11225897 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
New treatments are urgently required for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). As TP53 is mutated in approximately 80% of TNBC, it is theoretically an attractive target for new drugs for this disease. Arsenic trioxide (ATO), which is used to treat promyelocytic leukaemia, was recently shown to reactivate mutant p53 and restore wild-type functionality. The aim of this study was to evaluate ATO as a potential new treatment for TNBC. Using a panel of 20 cell lines, we found that TNBC cell lines were more sensitive to ATO than non-TNBC cell lines (P = 0.045). Consistent with its ability to reactivate mutant p53, ATO was a more potent inhibitor of proliferation in cell lines with mutant TP53 than the wildtype TP53 (P = 0.027). Direct evidence of mutant p53 reactivation was the induction of multiple wild-type p53 canonical target genes such as CDKN1A, SLC7A11, BBC3, PMAIP1, SESN2, SRXN1 and TXNRD1. Our findings support the activation of mutant p53 by ATO and, furthermore, the possible repurposing of ATO to treat TP53-mutated TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasree Rajaram
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Naoise C Synnott
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - John Crown
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin D04 T6F4, Ireland
| | - Stephen F Madden
- Data Science Centre, School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Michael J Duffy
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland; UCD Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin D04 T6F4, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Qureshi Z, Altaf F, Khanzada M, Zaheer Z, Fatima E, Bakhtiar M. Capivasertib in Hormone Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative advanced breast cancer. Curr Probl Cancer 2024; 51:101114. [PMID: 38959565 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review discusses the role and efficacy of Capivasertib in managing Hormone Receptor-Positive (HR+) breast cancer. SUMMARY Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women worldwide. This article is an in-depth analysis of advanced therapeutic options involving Capivasertib in treating HR+ Breast Cancer. It focuses on the mode of action, efficacy, clinical trials, and comparison with fulvestrant alone. This review also highlights the therapy's precision in targeting specific cancer cells. Its mechanism of action involves preventing cancer cells from growing and having a cytotoxic effect on them. It improves progression-free survival while maintaining the quality of life. The side effects can be easily managed by dose reduction or discontinuation of the drug. This article sheds light on the ongoing trials and FDA recognition. CONCLUSION In conclusion, Capivasertib-fulvestrant therapy shows potential as an innovative therapeutic option for HR+ breast cancer but warrants additional research, especially in randomized control trials (RCT). It resulted in longer progression-free survival compared to fulvestrant alone. Its side effect profile is minimal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Qureshi
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, The Frank H. Netter M.D. School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA
| | - Faryal Altaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/BronxCare Health System, New York, USA
| | - Mikail Khanzada
- Department of Medicine, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaofashan Zaheer
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Eeshal Fatima
- Department of Medicine, Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Bakhtiar
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lei H, Wang H, Wang X, Xiao Z, Tian T, Cui K. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based identification of breast cancer progression using extracellular vesicles-derived integrin α6β4. Talanta 2024; 275:126092. [PMID: 38615459 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Detection of progression is of great importance to breast cancer treatment and can benefit patients. Limited by current detection technologies and biomarkers, early breast cancer progression diagnosis remains challenging. Researchers have found blood extracellular vesicles (EVs)-derived integrin α6β4 directly facilitate progression in breast cancer, enabling cancer detection. However, EVs size and heterogeneity hinder protein detection, masked by abundant background EVs. Hence, novel tools for efficient detection of EVs with high selectivity and low interference are significantly desired. Here, a new silver-coated gold nanorods SERS probe, termed as Au@Ag@IDA-B/4MSTP, based on DNA aptamer was established for the detection of integrin α6β4 derived from EVs. Validation of the Au@Ag@IDA-B/4MSTP probes using cell-culture-derived EVs revealed a LOD of 23 particles/μL for EVs detection. This tool was further confirmed to mimic the real state of cancer with subcutaneous tumor model and lung metastasis model in mice. With 10 μL of blood plasma and simple Raman analysis process, the test achieved 85.7 % sensitivity and 83.3 % specificity. Moreover, our method achieves a simplified approach that expedites the detection process. These results demonstrate the good detection performance of Au@Ag@IDA-B/4MSTP probes for EVs integrin α6β4, and suggest that this non-invasive approach could be a promising tool for early detection of breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haozhi Lei
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Haoze Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiqiu Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Kai Cui
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Corbin J, Yu X, Jin J, Cai L, Wang GG. EZH2 PROTACs target EZH2- and FOXM1-associated oncogenic nodes, suppressing breast cancer cell growth. Oncogene 2024; 43:2722-2736. [PMID: 39112519 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortalities in women. Resistance to hormone therapies such as tamoxifen, an estrogen receptor (ER) inhibitor, is a major hurdle in the treatment of BC. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), the methyltransferase component of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), has been implicated in tamoxifen resistance. Evidence suggests that EZH2 often functions noncanonically, in a methyltransferase-independent manner, as a transcription coactivator through interacting with oncogenic transcription factors. Unlike methyltransferase inhibitors, proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTAC) can suppress both activating and repressive functions of EZH2. Here, we find that EZH2 PROTACs, MS177 and MS8815, effectively inhibited the growth of BC cells, including those with acquired tamoxifen resistance, to a much greater degree when compared to methyltransferase inhibitors. Mechanistically, EZH2 associates with forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and binds to the promoters of FOXM1 target genes. EZH2 PROTACs induce degradation of both EZH2 and FOXM1, leading to reduced expression of target genes involved in cell cycle progression and tamoxifen resistance. Together, this study supports that EZH2-targeted PROTACs represent a promising avenue of research for the future treatment of BC, including in the setting of tamoxifen resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Corbin
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xufen Yu
- Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Gang Greg Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Oshi M, Chida K, Roy AM, Mann GK, An N, Yan L, Endo I, Takabe K. Higher inflammatory response in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with immune cell infiltration and a better outcome. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:1299-1309. [PMID: 38898190 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10678-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often develops from chronic liver inflammation. Inflammation within a tumor can either promote cancer progression or activate an immune response against it. This study aims to determine the clinical significance of enhanced inflammation in HCC. METHODS Data from 655 HCC patients across four cohorts (TCGA, GSE6764, GSE76427, GSE89377) were examined. Inflammatory response was quantified using a scoring system derived from the gene set variation analysis of the "INFLAMMATORY_RESPONSE" gene set. RESULTS A stepwise increase in inflammatory response was noted from normal liver to cirrhosis, with consistently lower levels in HCC across both GSE6764 and GSE89377 cohorts (both p < 0.001). Similar trends were observed in interferon response, pathways such as IL6/JAK/STAT3 and complement signaling, coagulation cascade, and allograft rejection (all p < 0.02). HCCs with high inflammatory response were associated with increased immune cell infiltrations (p < 0.01) and cytolytic activity (p < 0.001). Interestingly, these HCCs had reduced mutation rates, no relationship with cell proliferation, and displayed both immune responses and pro-cancerous signals including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, KRAS, and hypoxia. Further, a high inflammatory score correlated with improved disease-free survival in TCGA (p = 0.034) and overall survival in GSE76427 (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION HCC with higher levels of inflammatory response demonstrated increased immune cell infiltration, enhanced immune-related and other pro-cancerous-related signaling, and showed a trend toward a better patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Oshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kohei Chida
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Arya Mariam Roy
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Gabriella Kim Mann
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Nan An
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan.
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
- Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Elson NC, Wernke K, Yoder LM, Fellner AN, Raque KM, Kuritzky AM, Wexelman BA. Universal genetic counseling in breast cancer patients significantly improves overall testing rates and improves completion rates in subpopulations. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 207:25-32. [PMID: 38822953 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The NCCN guidelines recommend genetic testing in those patients at increased risk of breast cancer in order to identify candidates for increased frequency of screening or prophylactic mastectomy. However, genetic testing may now identify patients who may benefit from recently developed targeted breast cancer therapy. In order to more widely identify these patients, we implemented genetic counseling for all patients diagnosed with breast cancer. METHODS In 2021, all patients evaluated within a Midwestern community hospital system diagnosed with breast cancer were offered genetic counseling. This group of patients was compared to a cohort of patients in 2021 who were offered genetic counseling based on NCCN guidelines. With Pearson's chi square, Fisher's Exact test, Mann-Whitney U, and multivariate regression as appropriate, individual demographic data and genetic testing completion between 2019 and 2021 were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 973 patients were reviewed. 439 were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2019 and 534 in 2021. Demographics and stage at diagnosis (p = 0.194) were similar between years. Completion of genetic testing increased from 204 (46.5%) in 2019 to 338 (63.3%) in 2021 (p < 0.01) with the universal counseling protocol. Specifically, genetic testing completion increased significantly in older patients (p = 0.041) and patients receiving Medicare benefits (p = 0.005). The overall pathogenic variants found increased from 32 to 39 with the most common including BRCA2 (n = 11), CFTR (n = 9), CHEK2 (n = 8), BRCA1 (n = 6). CONCLUSION Universal genetic counseling was related to a significant increase in genetic testing completion and an increase in pathogenic variants found among breast cancer patients, specifically in subpopulations which may have been previously excluded by traditional NCCN genetic testing screening guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora C Elson
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, TriHealth Cancer Institute, 375 Dixmyth Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.
| | - Karen Wernke
- Department of Genetics, TriHealth Precision Medicine and Genetic Services Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lauren M Yoder
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, TriHealth Cancer Institute, 375 Dixmyth Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | | | - Kathleen M Raque
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, TriHealth Cancer Institute, 375 Dixmyth Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Anne M Kuritzky
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, TriHealth Cancer Institute, 375 Dixmyth Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Barbara A Wexelman
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, TriHealth Cancer Institute, 375 Dixmyth Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Javed S, Mahmood A, Qaiser T, Werghi N, Rajpoot N. Unsupervised mutual transformer learning for multi-gigapixel Whole Slide Image classification. Med Image Anal 2024; 96:103203. [PMID: 38810517 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The classification of gigapixel Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is an important task in the emerging area of computational pathology. There has been a surge of interest in deep learning models for WSI classification with clinical applications such as cancer detection or prediction of cellular mutations. Most supervised methods require expensive and labor-intensive manual annotations by expert pathologists. Weakly supervised Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) methods have recently demonstrated excellent performance; however, they still require large-scale slide-level labeled training datasets that require a careful inspection of each slide by an expert pathologist. In this work, we propose a fully unsupervised WSI classification algorithm based on mutual transformer learning. The instances (i.e., patches) from gigapixel WSIs are transformed into a latent space and then inverse-transformed to the original space. Using the transformation loss, pseudo labels are generated and cleaned using a transformer label cleaner. The proposed transformer-based pseudo-label generator and cleaner modules mutually train each other iteratively in an unsupervised manner. A discriminative learning mechanism is introduced to improve normal versus cancerous instance labeling. In addition to the unsupervised learning, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for weakly supervised learning and cancer subtype classification as downstream analysis. Extensive experiments on four publicly available datasets show better performance of the proposed algorithm compared to the existing state-of-the-art methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Javed
- Department of Computer Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Arif Mahmood
- Department of Computer Science, Information Technology University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Talha Qaiser
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Naoufel Werghi
- Department of Computer Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nasir Rajpoot
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Walsgrave, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK; The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sirico M, Jacobs F, Molinelli C, Nader-Marta G, Debien V, Dewhurst HF, Palleschi M, Merloni F, Gianni C, De Giorgi U, de Azambuja E. Navigating the complexity of PI3K/AKT pathway in HER-2 negative breast cancer: biomarkers and beyond. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104404. [PMID: 38815877 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The results of the SOLAR-1 and CAPItello-291, highlight the benefit of the ɑ-selective phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Pathway inhibitor (PI3Ki) alpelisib and the AKT inhibitor (AKTi) capivasertib in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)- negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) that have PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN tumour alterations. Although effective, these drugs are associated with significant toxicities, which often limit their use, particularly in frail patients. Following the recent incorporation of these agents into clinical practice, and with many others currently in development, significant challenges have emerged, particularly those regarding biomarkers for patient selection. This review will discuss biomarkers of response and their resistance to PI3K/AKT inhibitors (PI3K/AKTis) in HR+/HER- BC in early and advanced settings to ascertain which populations will most benefit from these drugs. Of the biomarkers that were analysed, such as PIK3CA, AKT, PTEN mutations, insulin levels, 18 F-FDG-PET/TC, only the PIK3CA-mutations (PIK3CA-mut) and the AKT pathway alterations seem to have a predictive value for treatments with alpelisib and capivasertib. However, due to the retrospective and exploratory nature of the study, the data did not provide conclusive results. In addition, the different methods used to detect PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN alterations underline the fact that the optimal diagnostic companion has yet to be established. We have summarised the clinical data on the approved and discontinued agents targeting this pathway and have assessed the drugs development, successes, and failures. Finally, because of tumour heterogeneity, we emphasise the importance of reassessing the mutational status of PI3KCA in both metastatic tissue and blood at the time of disease progression to better tailor treatment for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sirico
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
| | - F Jacobs
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Humanitas Cancer Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Early Phase Trials Unit Institut Bergonié Bordeaux, France
| | - C Molinelli
- Early Phase Trials Unit Institut Bergonié Bordeaux, France; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Department of Medical Oncology, U.O. Clinical di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - V Debien
- Early Phase Trials Unit Institut Bergonié Bordeaux, France
| | - H Faith Dewhurst
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - M Palleschi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - F Merloni
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - C Gianni
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - U De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|