1
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Tocher DR, Sprague M, Han L, Sayanova O, Norambuena F, Napier JA, Betancor MB. Inclusion of oil from transgenic Camelina sativa in feed effectively supplies EPA and DHA to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) grown to market size in seawater pens. Food Chem 2024; 456:139414. [PMID: 38901077 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Atlantic salmon were fed either a diet reflecting current commercial feeds with added oil supplied by a blend of fish oil and rapeseed oil (COM), or a diet formulated with oil from transgenic Camelina sativa containing 20% EPA + DHA (TCO). Salmon were grown from smolt to market size (>3 kg) in sea pens under semi-commercial conditions. There were no differences in growth, feed efficiency or survival between fish fed the TCO or COM diets at the end of the trial. Levels of EPA + DHA in flesh of salmon fed TCO were significantly higher than in fish fed COM. A 140 g fillet from TCO-fed salmon delivered 2.3 g of EPA + DHA, 67% of the weekly requirement level recommended by many health agencies, and 1.5-fold more than the 1.5 g of EPA + DHA for COM-fed fish. Oil from transgenic Camelina supported growth and improved the nutritional quality of farmed salmon in terms of increased "omega-3" supply for human consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Tocher
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Matthew Sprague
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom.
| | - Lihua Han
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Sayanova
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Mónica B Betancor
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom.
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2
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Barreda L, Brosse C, Boutet S, Perreau F, Rajjou L, Lepiniec L, Corso M. Specialized metabolite modifications in Brassicaceae seeds and plants: diversity, functions and related enzymes. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:834-859. [PMID: 38323463 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2023Specialized metabolite (SM) modifications and/or decorations, corresponding to the addition or removal of functional groups (e.g. hydroxyl, methyl, glycosyl or acyl group) to SM structures, contribute to the huge diversity of structures, activities and functions of seed and plant SMs. This review summarizes available knowledge (up to 2023) on SM modifications in Brassicaceae and their contribution to SM plasticity. We give a comprehensive overview on enzymes involved in the addition or removal of these functional groups. Brassicaceae, including model (Arabidopsis thaliana) and crop (Brassica napus, Camelina sativa) plant species, present a large diversity of plant and seed SMs, which makes them valuable models to study SM modifications. In this review, particular attention is given to the environmental plasticity of SM and relative modification and/or decoration enzymes. Furthermore, a spotlight is given to SMs and related modification enzymes in seeds of Brassicaceae species. Seeds constitute a large reservoir of beneficial SMs and are one of the most important dietary sources, providing more than half of the world's intake of dietary proteins, oil and starch. The seed tissue- and stage-specific expressions of A. thaliana genes involved in SM modification are presented and discussed in the context of available literature. Given the major role in plant phytochemistry, biology and ecology, SM modifications constitute a subject of study contributing to the research and development in agroecology, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Barreda
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Céline Brosse
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Stéphanie Boutet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - François Perreau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Loïc Rajjou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Loïc Lepiniec
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
| | - Massimiliano Corso
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France.
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3
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Fatima S, Khan MO, Iqbal N, Iqbal MM, Qamar H, Imtiaz M, Hundleby P, Wei Z, Ahmad N. Studying Salt-Induced Shifts in Gene Expression Patterns of Glucosinolate Transporters and Glucosinolate Accumulation in Two Contrasting Brassica Species. Metabolites 2024; 14:179. [PMID: 38668307 PMCID: PMC11052333 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Brassica crops are well known for the accumulation of glucosinolates-secondary metabolites crucial for plants' adaptation to various stresses. Glucosinolates also functioning as defence compounds pose challenges to food quality due to their goitrogenic properties. Their disruption leaves plants susceptible to insect pests and diseases. Hence, a targeted reduction in seed glucosinolate content is of paramount importance to increase food acceptance. GLUCOSINOLATE TRANSPORTERS (GTRs) present a promising avenue for selectively reducing glucosinolate concentrations in seeds while preserving biosynthesis elsewhere. In this study, 54 putative GTR protein sequences found in Brassica were retrieved, employing Arabidopsis GTR1 and GTR2 templates. Comprehensive bioinformatics analyses, encompassing gene structure organization, domain analysis, motif assessments, promoter analysis, and cis-regulatory elements, affirmed the existence of transporter domains and stress-related regulatory elements. Phylogenetic analysis revealed patterns of conservation and divergence across species. Glucosinolates have been shown to increase under stress conditions, indicating a potential role in stress response. To elucidate the role of GTRs in glucosinolate transportation under NaCl stress in two distinct Brassica species, B. juncea and B. napus, plants were subjected to 0, 100, or 200 mM NaCl. Based on the literature, key GTR genes were chosen and their expression across various plant parts was assessed. Both species displayed divergent trends in their biochemical profiles as well as glucosinolate contents under elevated salt stress conditions. Statistical modelling identified significant contributors to glucosinolate variations, guiding the development of targeted breeding strategies for low-glucosinolate varieties. Notably, GTR2A2 exhibited pronounced expressions in stems, contributing approximately 52% to glucosinolate content variance, while GTR2B1/C2 displayed significant expression in flowers. Additionally, GTR2A1 and GTR1A2/B1 demonstrated noteworthy expression in roots. This study enhances our understanding of glucosinolate regulation under stress conditions, offering avenues to improve Brassica crop quality and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Fatima
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.F.); (M.O.K.); (N.I.); (M.M.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Muhammad Omar Khan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.F.); (M.O.K.); (N.I.); (M.M.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Nadia Iqbal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.F.); (M.O.K.); (N.I.); (M.M.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Muhammad Mudassar Iqbal
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.F.); (M.O.K.); (N.I.); (M.M.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Huma Qamar
- Oilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.F.); (M.O.K.); (N.I.); (M.M.I.); (M.I.)
| | - Penny Hundleby
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK;
| | - Zhengyi Wei
- Maize Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (S.F.); (M.O.K.); (N.I.); (M.M.I.); (M.I.)
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4
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Nirwan S, Chatterjee A, Cevik V, Holub EB, Jones JDG, Tewari AK, Shrivastava N, Agnihotri A, Sharma P. Genetic manipulation of Indian mustard genotypes with WRR-gene(s) confers resistance against Albugo candida. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:199. [PMID: 38270712 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09040-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica species is the second most important edible oilseed crop in India. Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze, a major oomycete disease of oilseed brassica causing white rust, leads to 60% yield loss globally. The prevalence of A. candida race 2 (Ac2V) that specifically infects B. juncea, coupled with limitations of conventional methods has resulted in a dearth of white rust resistance resources in cultivated varieties. METHODS AND RESULTS In an effort to develop resistant plants, Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation of three B. juncea genotypes viz., susceptible host var. Varuna, along with its doubled haploid mutant lines C66 and C69 (showing moderate tolerance to field isolates of A. candida) was initiated to transfer resistance genes (WRR8Sf-2 and WRR9Hi-0) identified in Arabidopsis thaliana against race Ac2V, that encode for Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat proteins that recognize effectors of the pathogen races. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that introduction of resistance genes from a tertiary gene pool by genetic transformation enhances disease resistance in B. juncea genotypes to a highly virulent Ac2V isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Nirwan
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Anupriya Chatterjee
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Volkan Cevik
- Department of Life Sciences, The Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Eric B Holub
- School of Life Sciences, Warwick Crop Centre, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK
| | - Jonathan D G Jones
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Anand Kumar Tewari
- Department of Plant Pathology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neeraj Shrivastava
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Abha Agnihotri
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India.
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India.
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5
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Mann A, Kumari J, Kumar R, Kumar P, Pradhan AK, Pental D, Bisht NC. Targeted editing of multiple homologues of GTR1 and GTR2 genes provides the ideal low-seed, high-leaf glucosinolate oilseed mustard with uncompromised defence and yield. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:2182-2195. [PMID: 37539488 PMCID: PMC10579706 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolate content in the two major oilseed Brassica crops-rapeseed and mustard has been reduced to the globally accepted Canola quality level (<30 μmoles/g of seed dry weight, DW), making the protein-rich seed meal useful as animal feed. However, the overall lower glucosinolate content in seeds as well as in the other parts of such plants renders them vulnerable to biotic challenges. We report CRISPR/Cas9-based editing of glucosinolate transporter (GTR) family genes in mustard (Brassica juncea) to develop ideal lines with the desired low seed glucosinolate content (SGC) while maintaining high glucosinolate levels in the other plant parts for uncompromised plant defence. Use of three gRNAs provided highly efficient and precise editing of four BjuGTR1 and six BjuGTR2 homologues leading to a reduction of SGC from 146.09 μmoles/g DW to as low as 6.21 μmoles/g DW. Detailed analysis of the GTR-edited lines showed higher accumulation and distributional changes of glucosinolates in the foliar parts. However, the changes did not affect the plant defence and yield parameters. When tested against the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and generalist pest Spodoptera litura, the GTR-edited lines displayed a defence response at par or better than that of the wild-type line. The GTR-edited lines were equivalent to the wild-type line for various seed yield and seed quality traits. Our results demonstrate that simultaneous editing of multiple GTR1 and GTR2 homologues in mustard can provide the desired low-seed, high-leaf glucosinolate lines with an uncompromised defence and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avni Mann
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
| | - Juhi Kumari
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
| | - Roshan Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
| | - Pawan Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew DelhiIndia
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6
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Malhotra B, Kumar P, Bisht NC. Defense versus growth trade-offs: Insights from glucosinolates and their catabolites. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:2964-2984. [PMID: 36207995 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Specialized metabolites are a structurally diverse group of naturally occurring compounds that facilitate plant-environment interactions. Their synthesis and maintenance in plants is overall a resource-demanding process that occurs at the expense of growth and reproduction and typically incurs several costs. Evidence emerging on different specialized compounds suggests that they serve multiple auxiliary functions to influence and moderate primary metabolism in plants. These new functionalities enable them to mediate trade-offs from defenses to growth and also to offset their production and maintenance costs in plants. Recent research on glucosinolates (GSLs), which are specialized metabolites of Brassicales, demonstrates their emerging multifunctionalities to fine-tune plant growth and development under variable environments. Herein, we present findings from the septennium on individual GSLs and their catabolites (GHPs) per se, that work as mobile signals within plants to mediate precise regulations of their primary physiological functions. Both GSLs and GHPs calibrate growth-defense trade-off interactions either synergistically or directly when they function as storage compounds, abiotic stress alleviators, and one-to-one regulators of growth pathways in plants. We finally summarize the overall lessons learned from GSLs and GHPs as a model and raise the most pressing questions to address the molecular-genetic intricacies of specialized metabolite-based trade-offs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Malhotra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveen C Bisht
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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7
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Ahmad N, Fatima S, Mehmood MA, Zaman QU, Atif RM, Zhou W, Rahman MU, Gill RA. Targeted genome editing in polyploids: lessons from Brassica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1152468. [PMID: 37409308 PMCID: PMC10318174 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1152468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR-mediated genome editing has emerged as a powerful tool for creating targeted mutations in the genome for various applications, including studying gene functions, engineering resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses, and increasing yield and quality. However, its utilization is limited to model crops for which well-annotated genome sequences are available. Many crops of dietary and economic importance, such as wheat, cotton, rapeseed-mustard, and potato, are polyploids with complex genomes. Therefore, progress in these crops has been hampered due to genome complexity. Excellent work has been conducted on some species of Brassica for its improvement through genome editing. Although excellent work has been conducted on some species of Brassica for genome improvement through editing, work on polyploid crops, including U's triangle species, holds numerous implications for improving other polyploid crops. In this review, we summarize key examples from genome editing work done on Brassica and discuss important considerations for deploying CRISPR-mediated genome editing more efficiently in other polyploid crops for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Ahmad
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samia Fatima
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qamar U. Zaman
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Rana Muhammad Atif
- National Center of Genome Editing, Center of Advanced Studies, Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Lab of Spectroscopy Sensing, Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mehboob-ur Rahman
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rafaqat Ali Gill
- Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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8
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Wen Y, Jiang X, Li D, Ou Z, Yu Y, Chen R, Chen C, Xu H. Synthesis and characterization of an artificial glucosinolate bearing a chlorthalonil-based aglycon as a potent inhibitor of glucosinolate transporters. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 212:113726. [PMID: 37207992 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are specialized metabolites in plants of the order Brassicales. GSL transporters (GTRs) are essential for the redistribution of GSLs and also play a role in controlling the GSL content of seeds. However, specific inhibitors of these transporters have not been reported. In the current study, we described the design and synthesis of 2,3,4,6-tetrachloro-5-cyanophenyl GSL (TCPG), an artificial GSL bearing a chlorothalonil moiety as a potent inhibitor of GTRs, and evaluated its inhibitory effect on the substrate uptake mediated through GTR1 and GTR2. Molecular docking showed that the position of the β-D-glucose group of TCPG was significantly different from that of the natural substrate in GTRs and the chlorothalonil moiety forms halogen bonds with GTRs. Functional assays and kinetic analysis of the transport activity revealed that TCPG could significantly inhibit the transport activity of GTR1 and GTR2 (IC50 values (mean ± SD) being 79 ± 16 μM and 192 ± 14 μM, respectively). Similarly, TCPG could inhibit the uptake and phloem transport of exogenous sinigrin by Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh leaf tissues, while not affecting that of esculin (a fluorescent surrogate for sucrose). TCPG could also reduce the content of endogenous GSLs in phloem exudates. Together, TCPG was discovered as an undescribed inhibitor of the uptake and phloem transport of GSLs, which brings novel insights into the ligand recognition of GTRs and provides a new strategy to control the GSL level. Further tests on the ecotoxicological and environmental safety of TCPG are needed before using it as an agricultural or horticultural chemical in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Xunyuan Jiang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Dehong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Ziyue Ou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Ye Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Ronghua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Changming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Hanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
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9
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Xu D, Sanden NCH, Hansen LL, Belew ZM, Madsen SR, Meyer L, Jørgensen ME, Hunziker P, Veres D, Crocoll C, Schulz A, Nour-Eldin HH, Halkier BA. Export of defensive glucosinolates is key for their accumulation in seeds. Nature 2023; 617:132-138. [PMID: 37076627 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant membrane transporters controlling metabolite distribution contribute key agronomic traits1-6. To eliminate anti-nutritional factors in edible parts of crops, the mutation of importers can block the accumulation of these factors in sink tissues7. However, this often results in a substantially altered distribution pattern within the plant8-12, whereas engineering of exporters may prevent such changes in distribution. In brassicaceous oilseed crops, anti-nutritional glucosinolate defence compounds are translocated to the seeds. However, the molecular targets for export engineering of glucosinolates remain unclear. Here we identify and characterize members of the USUALLY MULTIPLE AMINO ACIDS MOVE IN AND OUT TRANSPORTER (UMAMIT) family-UMAMIT29, UMAMIT30 and UMAMIT31-in Arabidopsis thaliana as glucosinolate exporters with a uniport mechanism. Loss-of-function umamit29 umamit30 umamit31 triple mutants have a very low level of seed glucosinolates, demonstrating a key role for these transporters in translocating glucosinolates into seeds. We propose a model in which the UMAMIT uniporters facilitate glucosinolate efflux from biosynthetic cells along the electrochemical gradient into the apoplast, where the high-affinity H+-coupled glucosinolate importers GLUCOSINOLATE TRANSPORTERS (GTRs) load them into the phloem for translocation to the seeds. Our findings validate the theory that two differently energized transporter types are required for cellular nutrient homeostasis13. The UMAMIT exporters are new molecular targets to improve nutritional value of seeds of brassicaceous oilseed crops without altering the distribution of the defence compounds in the whole plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Xu
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Niels Christian Holm Sanden
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Line Lykke Hansen
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Zeinu Mussa Belew
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Svend Roesen Madsen
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Section for Chemistry and Food Quality, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lasse Meyer
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Pascal Hunziker
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorottya Veres
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Christoph Crocoll
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Alexander Schulz
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Barbara Ann Halkier
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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10
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Lin JL, Fang X, Li JX, Chen ZW, Wu WK, Guo XX, Liu NJ, Huang JF, Chen FY, Wang LJ, Xu B, Martin C, Chen XY, Huang JQ. Dirigent gene editing of gossypol enantiomers for toxicity-depleted cotton seeds. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:605-615. [PMID: 36928775 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Axial chirality of biaryls can generate varied bioactivities. Gossypol is a binaphthyl compound made by cotton plants. Of its two axially chiral isomers, (-)-gossypol is the bioactive form in mammals and has antispermatogenic activity, and its accumulation in cotton seeds poses health concerns. Here we identified two extracellular dirigent proteins (DIRs) from Gossypium hirsutum, GhDIR5 and GhDIR6, which impart the hemigossypol oxidative coupling into (-)- and (+)-gossypol, respectively. To reduce cotton seed toxicity, we disrupted GhDIR5 by genome editing, which eliminated (-)-gossypol but had no effects on other phytoalexins, including (+)-gossypol, that provide pest resistance. Reciprocal mutagenesis identified three residues responsible for enantioselectivity. The (-)-gossypol-forming DIRs emerged later than their enantiocomplementary counterparts, from tandem gene duplications that occurred shortly after the cotton genus diverged. Our study offers insight into how plants control enantiomeric ratios and how to selectively modify the chemical spectra of cotton plants and thereby improve crop quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ling Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Xu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Wen-Kai Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning-Jing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Fa Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Yan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Jian Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baofu Xu
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Quan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Qin H, King GJ, Borpatragohain P, Zou J. Developing multifunctional crops by engineering Brassicaceae glucosinolate pathways. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023:100565. [PMID: 36823985 PMCID: PMC10363516 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs), found mainly in species of the Brassicaceae family, are one of the most well-studied classes of secondary metabolites. Produced by the action of myrosinase on GSLs, GSL-derived hydrolysis products (GHPs) primarily defend against biotic stress in planta. They also significantly affect the quality of crop products, with a subset of GHPs contributing unique food flavors and multiple therapeutic benefits or causing disagreeable food odors and health risks. Here, we explore the potential of these bioactive functions, which could be exploited for future sustainable agriculture. We first summarize our accumulated understanding of GSL diversity and distribution across representative Brassicaceae species. We then systematically discuss and evaluate the potential of exploited and unutilized genes involved in GSL biosynthesis, transport, and hydrolysis as candidate GSL engineering targets. Benefiting from available information on GSL and GHP functions, we explore options for multifunctional Brassicaceae crop ideotypes to meet future demand for food diversification and sustainable crop production. An integrated roadmap is subsequently proposed to guide ideotype development, in which maximization of beneficial effects and minimization of detrimental effects of GHPs could be combined and associated with various end uses. Based on several use-case examples, we discuss advantages and limitations of available biotechnological approaches that may contribute to effective deployment and could provide novel insights for optimization of future GSL engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Graham J King
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Jun Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Reduced glucosinolate content in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) by random mutagenesis of BnMYB28 and BnCYP79F1 genes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2344. [PMID: 36759657 PMCID: PMC9911628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of anti-nutritive compounds like glucosinolates (GSLs) in the rapeseed meal severely restricts its utilization as animal feed. Therefore, reducing the GSL content to < 18 µmol/g dry weight in the seeds is a major breeding target. While candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of GSLs have been described in rapeseed, comprehensive functional analyses are missing. By knocking out the aliphatic GSL biosynthesis genes BnMYB28 and BnCYP79F1 encoding an R2R3 MYB transcription factor and a cytochrome P450 enzyme, respectively, we aimed to reduce the seed GSL content in rapeseed. After expression analyses on single paralogs, we used an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treated population of the inbred winter rapeseed 'Express617' to detect functional mutations in the two gene families. Our results provide the first functional analysis by knock-out for the two GSL biosynthesis genes in winter rapeseed. We demonstrate that independent knock-out mutants of the two genes possessed significantly reduced seed aliphatic GSLs, primarily progoitrin. Compared to the wildtype Express617 control plants (36.3 µmol/g DW), progoitrin levels were decreased by 55.3% and 32.4% in functional mutants of BnMYB28 (16.20 µmol/g DW) and BnCYP79F1 (24.5 µmol/g DW), respectively. Our study provides a strong basis for breeding rapeseed with improved meal quality in the future.
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13
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Liu Y, Nour-Eldin HH, Zhang L, Li Z, Fernie AR, Ren M. Biotechnological detoxification: an unchanging source-sink balance strategy for crop improvement. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:135-138. [PMID: 36443186 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The wide occurrence of natural phytotoxins renders many crops unfit for human consumption. To overcome this problem and produce detoxified crop varieties, we propose the use of biotechnological strategies that can enhance the harvest index without the need to increase crop biomass or alter whole plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Liu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C 1871, Denmark
| | - Ling Zhang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Zhanshuai Li
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany.
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China; Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China.
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14
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Jhingan S, Kumar A, Harloff HJ, Dreyer F, Abbadi A, Beckmann K, Obermeier C, Jung C. Direct access to millions of mutations by whole genome sequencing of an oilseed rape mutant population. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:866-880. [PMID: 36575585 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Induced mutations are an essential source of genetic variation in plant breeding. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis has been frequently applied, and mutants have been detected by phenotypic or genotypic screening of large populations. In the present study, a rapeseed M2 population was derived from M1 parent cultivar 'Express' treated with EMS. Whole genomes were sequenced from fourfold (4×) pools of 1988 M2 plants representing 497 M2 families. Detected mutations were not evenly distributed and displayed distinct patterns across the 19 chromosomes with lower mutation rates towards the ends. Mutation frequencies ranged from 32/Mb to 48/Mb. On average, 284 442 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) per M2 DNA pool were found resulting from EMS mutagenesis. 55% of the SNPs were C → T and G → A transitions, characteristic for EMS induced ('canonical') mutations, whereas the remaining SNPs were 'non-canonical' transitions (15%) or transversions (30%). Additionally, we detected 88 725 high confidence insertions and deletions per pool. On average, each M2 plant carried 39 120 canonical mutations, corresponding to a frequency of one mutation per 23.6 kb. Approximately 82% of such mutations were located either 5 kb upstream or downstream (56%) of gene coding regions or within intergenic regions (26%). The remaining 18% were located within regions coding for genes. All mutations detected by whole genome sequencing could be verified by comparison with known mutations. Furthermore, all sequences are accessible via the online tool 'EMSBrassica' (http://www.emsbrassica.plantbreeding.uni-kiel.de), which enables direct identification of mutations in any target sequence. The sequence resource described here will further add value for functional gene studies in rapeseed breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Jhingan
- Plant Breeding Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Kiel University, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Avneesh Kumar
- Plant Breeding Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Kiel University, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Harloff
- Plant Breeding Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Kiel University, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Dreyer
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, Hohenlieth-Hof, 24363, Holtsee, Germany
| | - Amine Abbadi
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, Hohenlieth-Hof, 24363, Holtsee, Germany
| | - Katrin Beckmann
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, Hohenlieth-Hof, 24363, Holtsee, Germany
| | - Christian Obermeier
- Department of Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Jung
- Plant Breeding Institute, Christian-Albrechts-Kiel University, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany
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15
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Tang Y, Zhang G, Jiang X, Shen S, Guan M, Tang Y, Sun F, Hu R, Chen S, Zhao H, Li J, Lu K, Yin N, Qu C. Genome-Wide Association Study of Glucosinolate Metabolites (mGWAS) in Brassica napus L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12030639. [PMID: 36771722 PMCID: PMC9921834 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary plant metabolites that are enriched in rapeseed and related Brassica species, and they play important roles in defense due to their anti-nutritive and toxic properties. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study of six glucosinolate metabolites (mGWAS) in rapeseed, including three aliphatic glucosinolates (m145 gluconapin, m150 glucobrassicanapin and m151 progoitrin), one aromatic glucosinolate (m157 gluconasturtiin) and two indole glucosinolates (m165 indolylmethyl glucosinolate and m172 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin), respectively. We identified 113 candidate intervals significantly associated with these six glucosinolate metabolites. In the genomic regions linked to the mGWAS peaks, 187 candidate genes involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis (e.g., BnaMAM1, BnaGGP1, BnaSUR1 and BnaMYB51) and novel genes (e.g., BnaMYB44, BnaERF025, BnaE2FC, BnaNAC102 and BnaDREB1D) were predicted based on the mGWAS, combined with analysis of differentially expressed genes. Our results provide insight into the genetic basis of glucosinolate biosynthesis in rapeseed and should facilitate marker-based breeding for improved seed quality in Brassica species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshan Tang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guorui Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinyue Jiang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shulin Shen
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mingwei Guan
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fujun Sun
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ran Hu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Si Chen
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huiyan Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Nengwen Yin
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Affiliation Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
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16
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Liu X, Zhang P, Zhao Q, Huang AC. Making small molecules in plants: A chassis for synthetic biology-based production of plant natural products. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:417-443. [PMID: 35852486 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant natural products have been extensively exploited in food, medicine, flavor, cosmetic, renewable fuel, and other industrial sectors. Synthetic biology has recently emerged as a promising means for the cost-effective and sustainable production of natural products. Compared with engineering microbes for the production of plant natural products, the potential of plants as chassis for producing these compounds is underestimated, largely due to challenges encountered in engineering plants. Knowledge in plant engineering is instrumental for enabling the effective and efficient production of valuable phytochemicals in plants, and also paves the way for a more sustainable future agriculture. In this manuscript, we briefly recap the biosynthesis of plant natural products, focusing primarily on industrially important terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids. We further summarize the plant hosts and strategies that have been used to engineer the production of natural products. The challenges and opportunities of using plant synthetic biology to achieve rapid and scalable production of high-value plant natural products are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, SUSTech-PKU Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, SUSTech-PKU Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiao Zhao
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ancheng C Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, SUSTech-PKU Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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17
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Ghidoli M, Ponzoni E, Araniti F, Miglio D, Pilu R. Genetic Improvement of Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz: Opportunities and Challenges. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:570. [PMID: 36771654 PMCID: PMC9920110 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a renewed interest in novel crops has been developing due to the environmental issues associated with the sustainability of agricultural practices. In particular, a cover crop, Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, belonging to the Brassicaceae family, is attracting the scientific community's interest for several desirable features. It is related to the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, and its oil extracted from the seeds can be used either for food and feed, or for industrial uses such as biofuel production. From an agronomic point of view, it can grow in marginal lands with little or no inputs, and is practically resistant to the most important pathogens of Brassicaceae. Although cultivated in the past, particularly in northern Europe and Italy, in the last century, it was abandoned. For this reason, little breeding work has been conducted to improve this plant, also because of the low genetic variability present in this hexaploid species. In this review, we summarize the main works on this crop, focused on genetic improvement with three main objectives: yield, seed oil content and quality, and reduction in glucosinolates content in the seed, which are the main anti-nutritional substances present in camelina. We also report the latest advances in utilising classical plant breeding, transgenic approaches, and CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ghidoli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Ponzoni
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Araniti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Miglio
- Laboratory for Mother and Child Health, Department of Public Health, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Pilu
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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18
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Guo X, Yan N, Liu L, Yin X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Cao G, Fan C, Hu Z. Transcriptomic comparison of seeds and silique walls from two rapeseed genotypes with contrasting seed oil content. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1082466. [PMID: 36714692 PMCID: PMC9880416 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1082466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Silique walls play pivotal roles in contributing photoassimilates and nutrients to fuel seed growth. However, the interaction between seeds and silique walls impacting oil biosynthesis is not clear during silique development. Changes in sugar, fatty acid and gene expression during Brassica napus silique development of L192 with high oil content and A260 with low oil content were investigated to identify key factors affecting difference of their seed oil content. During the silique development, silique walls contained more hexose and less sucrose than seeds, and glucose and fructose contents in seeds and silique walls of L192 were higher than that of A260 at 15 DAF, and sucrose content in the silique walls of L192 were lower than that of A260 at three time points. Genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis were activated over time, and differences on fatty acid content between the two genotypes occurred after 25 DAF. Genes related to photosynthesis expressed more highly in silique walls than in contemporaneous seeds, and were inhibited over time. Gene set enrichment analysis suggested photosynthesis were activated in L192 at 25 and 35 DAF in silique walls and at both 15 and 35 DAF in the seed. Expressions of sugar transporter genes in L192 was higher than that in A260, especially at 35 DAF. Expressions of genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis, such as BCCP2s, bZIP67 and LEC1s were higher in L192 than in A260, especially at 35 DAF. Meanwhile, genes related to oil body proteins were expressed at much lower levels in L192 than in A260. According to the WGCNA results, hub modules, such as ME.turquoise relative to photosynthesis, ME.green relative to embryo development and ME.yellow relative to lipid biosynthesis, were identified and synergistically regulated seed development and oil accumulation. Our results are helpful for understanding the mechanism of oil accumulation of seeds in oilseed rape for seed oil content improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linpo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangzhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingqiao Wang
- Institute of Economical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural Academy, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guozhi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zanmin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kanstrup C, Jimidar CC, Tomas J, Cutolo G, Crocoll C, Schuler M, Klahn P, Tatibouët A, Nour-Eldin HH. Artificial Fluorescent Glucosinolates (F-GSLs) Are Transported by the Glucosinolate Transporters GTR1/2/3. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020920. [PMID: 36674437 PMCID: PMC9862856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucosinolate transporters 1/2/3 (GTR1/2/3) from the Nitrate and Peptide transporter Family (NPF) play an essential role in the transport, accumulation, and distribution of the specialized plant metabolite glucosinolates. Due to representing both antinutritional and health-promoting compounds, there is increasing interest in characterizing GTRs from various plant species. We generated seven artificial glucosinolates (either aliphatic or benzenic) bearing different fluorophores (Fluorescein, BODIPY, Rhodamine, Dansylamide, and NBD) and investigated the ability of GTR1/2/3 from Arabidopsis thaliana to import the fluorescent glucosinolates (F-GSLs) into oocytes from Xenopus laevis. Five out of the seven F-GSLs synthesized were imported by at least one of the GTRs. GTR1 and GTR2 were able to import three F-GSLs actively above external concentration, while GTR3 imported only one actively. Competition assays indicate that the F-GSLs are transported by the same mechanism as non-tagged natural glucosinolates. The GTR-mediated F-GSL uptake is detected via a rapid and sensitive assay only requiring simple fluorescence measurements on a standard plate reader. This is highly useful in investigations of glucosinolate transport function and provides a critical prerequisite for elucidating the relationship between structure and function through high-throughput screening of GTR mutant libraries. The F-GSL themselves may also be suitable for future studies on glucosinolate transport in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Kanstrup
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Claire C. Jimidar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Carolo Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Josip Tomas
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Giuliano Cutolo
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Christoph Crocoll
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Marie Schuler
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Philipp Klahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Carolo Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, Kemigården 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Arnaud Tatibouët
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Université d’Orléans, Rue de Chartres, BP6759, CEDEX 02, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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20
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Nguyen M, Knowling M, Tran NN, Burgess A, Fisk I, Watt M, Escribà-Gelonch M, This H, Culton J, Hessel V. Space farming: Horticulture systems on spacecraft and outlook to planetary space exploration. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:708-721. [PMID: 36566710 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Successful human space exploration requires more products than can be taken as payload. There is a need, therefore, for in-space circular manufacturing. Requirements for this include limited resource inflow, from either Earth or other planets and the generation of minimal waste. The provision of nutritious food is a clear need for human survival on the Moon or Mars and is one of the most complex to solve. Demand in large quantities, constant and reliable provision of food requires the development of specialist agricultural technologies. Here, we first review the history of space farming over the past five decades. This survey assesses the technologies which have been tested under the harsh conditions of space, identifying which modern horticultural components are applicable for in-space plant growth. We then outline which plants have been grown and under what conditions, and speculate upon the types of plants that could be selected to best nourish astronauts. Current systems are focussed on experimentation and exploration, but do not yet provide turn-key solutions for efficient food production within a long-term space exploration scenario. With that take, this review aims to provide a perspective on how an engineered closed circular environmental life-support system (ECCLES) might be constructed. To exemplify the latter, nutrient auto accumulation by biofortification is proposed through the integration of space farming and space mining, which is uncharted on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Andy Thomas Centre of Space Resources, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Matthew Knowling
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Nam N Tran
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Viet Nam
| | - Alexandra Burgess
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Fisk
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Watt
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Herve This
- INRA Team of Molecular Gastronomy, INRA/ AgroParisTech, Paris, France
| | - John Culton
- Andy Thomas Centre of Space Resources, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Volker Hessel
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Andy Thomas Centre of Space Resources, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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21
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Luo G, Najafi J, Correia PMP, Trinh MDL, Chapman EA, Østerberg JT, Thomsen HC, Pedas PR, Larson S, Gao C, Poland J, Knudsen S, DeHaan L, Palmgren M. Accelerated Domestication of New Crops: Yield is Key. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:1624-1640. [PMID: 35583202 PMCID: PMC9680862 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture in the future will depend on crops that are tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, require minimal input of water and nutrients and can be cultivated with a minimal carbon footprint. Wild plants that fulfill these requirements abound in nature but are typically low yielding. Thus, replacing current high-yielding crops with less productive but resilient species will require the intractable trade-off of increasing land area under cultivation to produce the same yield. Cultivating more land reduces natural resources, reduces biodiversity and increases our carbon footprint. Sustainable intensification can be achieved by increasing the yield of underutilized or wild plant species that are already resilient, but achieving this goal by conventional breeding programs may be a long-term prospect. De novo domestication of orphan or crop wild relatives using mutagenesis is an alternative and fast approach to achieve resilient crops with high yields. With new precise molecular techniques, it should be possible to reach economically sustainable yields in a much shorter period of time than ever before in the history of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pai Rosager Pedas
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory, J.C. Jacobsens Gade 4, Copenhagen V DK-1799, Denmark
| | - Steve Larson
- US Department of Agriculture (USDA), USDA–ARS Forage & Range Research Lab, Utah State University Logan, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Caixia Gao
- Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jesse Poland
- Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Makkah 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Søren Knudsen
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory, J.C. Jacobsens Gade 4, Copenhagen V DK-1799, Denmark
| | - Lee DeHaan
- The Land Institute, Salina, KS 67401, USA
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22
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Megha S, Wang Z, Kav NNV, Rahman H. Genome-wide identification of biotin carboxyl carrier subunits of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in Brassica and their role in stress tolerance in oilseed Brassica napus. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:707. [PMID: 36253756 PMCID: PMC9578262 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) is a subunit of Acetyl CoA-carboxylase (ACCase) which catalyzes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in a committed step during the de novo biosynthesis of fatty acids. Lipids, lipid metabolites, lipid-metabolizing and -modifying enzymes are known to play a role in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. In this regard, an understanding of the Brassica napus BCCP genes will aid in the improvement of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in canola. Results In this study, we identified 43 BCCP genes in five Brassica species based on published genome data. Among them, Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, Brassica nigra, Brassica napus and Brassica juncea had six, seven, seven, 10 and 13 BCCP homologs, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis categorized them into five classes, each with unique conserved domains. The promoter regions of all BCCP genes contained stress-related cis-acting elements as determined by cis-element analysis. We identified four and three duplicated gene pairs (segmental) in B. napus and B. juncea respectively, indicating the role of segmental duplication in the expansion of this gene family. The Ka/Ks ratios of orthologous gene pairs between Arabidopsis thaliana and five Brassica species were mostly less than 1.0, implying that purifying selection, i.e., selective removal of deleterious alleles, played a role during the evolution of Brassica genomes. Analysis of 10 BnaBCCP genes using qRT-PCR showed a different pattern of expression because of exposure of the plants to biotic stresses, such as clubroot and sclerotinia diseases, and abiotic stresses such as drought, low temperature and salinity stresses. Conclusions The identification and functional analysis of the Brassica BCCPs demonstrated that some of these genes might play important roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Results from this study could lay the foundation for a better understanding of these genes for the improvement of Brassica crops for stress tolerance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08920-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Megha
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Zhengping Wang
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Nat N V Kav
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
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23
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Kanstrup C, Nour-Eldin HH. The emerging role of the nitrate and peptide transporter family: NPF in plant specialized metabolism. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 68:102243. [PMID: 35709542 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The nitrate and peptide transporter family (NPF) is one of the largest transporter families in the plant kingdom. The name of the family reflects the substrates (nitrate and peptides) identified for the two founding members CHL1 and PTR2 from Arabidopsis thaliana almost 30 years ago. However, since then, the NPF has emerged as a hotspot for transporters with a wide range of crucial roles in plant specialized metabolism. Recent prominent examples include 1) controlling accumulation of antinutritional glucosinolates in Brassica seeds, 2) deposition of heat-stress tolerance flavonol diglucosides to pollen coats 3) production of anti-cancerous monoterpene indole alkaloid precursors in Catharanthus roseus and 4) detoxification of steroid glycoalkaloids in ripening tomatoes. In this review, we turn the spotlight on the emerging role of the NPF in plant specialized metabolism and its potential for improving crop traits through transport engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Kanstrup
- DynaMo Center of Excellence, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center of Excellence, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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24
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Genomic selection and genetic architecture of agronomic traits during modern rapeseed breeding. Nat Genet 2022; 54:694-704. [PMID: 35484301 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil-producing crop for the world. Its adaptation, yield and quality have been considerably improved in recent decades, but the genomic basis underlying successful breeding selection remains unclear. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive genomic assessment of rapeseed in the breeding process based on the whole-genome resequencing of 418 diverse rapeseed accessions. We unraveled the genomic basis for the selection of adaptation and agronomic traits. Genome-wide association studies identified 628 associated loci-related causative candidate genes for 56 agronomically important traits, including plant architecture and yield traits. Furthermore, we uncovered nonsynonymous mutations in plausible candidate genes for agronomic traits with significant differences in allele frequency distributions across the improvement process, including the ribosome recycling factor (BnRRF) gene for seed weight. This study provides insights into the genomic basis for improving rapeseed varieties and a valuable genomic resource for genome-assisted rapeseed breeding.
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25
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Exogenous Selenium Treatment Promotes Glucosinolate and Glucoraphanin Accumulation in Broccoli by Activating Their Biosynthesis and Transport Pathways. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Supplementation using selenium (Se) on plants is an effective and widely used approach. It can not only be converted to more Se rich compounds but promote the accumulation of glucosinolates (GSLs) with anti-carcinogenic properties. However, the molecular mechanism of Se in regulating GSLs synthesis remains unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of Se treatment (50 μM sodium selenite) on GSLs, glucoraphanin (4MSOB), and sulforaphane compounds in broccoli tissues. The transcript levels of genes involved in sulfur absorption and transport, GSLs biosynthesis, translocation, and degradation pathways were also evaluated. The study showed that Se treatment remarkably promoted the accumulation of total sulfur and total Se contents and increased Trp-derived GSLs levels in roots by 2 times. The 4MSOB concentration and sulforaphane content in fresh leaves was increased by 67% and 30% after Se treatment, respectively. For genes expressions, some genes involved in sulfate uptake and transporters, GSLs biosynthesis, and transporters were induced strongly upon Se exposure. Results revealed that exogenous Se treatment promotes the overaccumulation of GSLs and 4MSOB content in broccoli by activating the transcript levels of genes involved in sulfur absorption, GSLs biosynthesis, and translocation pathways.
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26
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He Y, Yang Z, Tang M, Yang QY, Zhang Y, Liu S. Enhancing canola breeding by editing a glucosinolate transporter gene lacking natural variation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:1848-1851. [PMID: 35078248 PMCID: PMC8968350 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A low seed glucosinolate resource was developed in polyploid B. napus using a method that identifies the functions of genes with rare or no genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Minqiang Tang
- College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | | | | | - Shengyi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
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27
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Transport efficiency of AtGTR1 dependents on the hydrophobicity of transported glucosinolates. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5097. [PMID: 35332238 PMCID: PMC8948214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GLSs) are a group of secondary metabolites that are involved in the defense of herbivores. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Glucosinolate Transporter 1 (AtGTR1) transports GLSs with high affinity via a proton gradient-driven process. In addition to transporting GLSs, AtGTR1 also transports phytohormones, jasmonic acid-isoleucine (JA-Ile), and gibberellin (GA). However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the broad substrate specificity of AtGTR1. Here, we characterized the substrate preference of AtGTR1 by using a yeast uptake assay, and the results revealed that GLS transport rates are negatively correlated with the hydrophobicity of substrates. Interestingly, the AtGTR1 showed a higher substrate affinity for GLSs with higher hydrophobicity, suggesting a hydrophobic substrate binding pocket. In addition, competition assays revealed that JA, salicylic acid (SA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) competed with GLS for transport in yeast, suggesting a potential interaction of AtGTR1 with these phytohormones. To further characterize the functional properties of AtGTR1, mutagenesis experiments confirmed that the conserved EXXEK motif and Arg166 are essential for the GLS transport function. In addition, the purified AtGTR1 adopts a homodimeric conformation, which is possibly regulated by phosphorylation on Thr105. The phosphomimetic mutation, T105D, reduced its protein expression and completely abrogated its GLS transport function, indicating the essential role of phosphorylation on AtGTR1. In summary, this study investigated various factors associated with the GLS transport and increased our knowledge on the substrate preferences of AtGTR1. These findings contribute to understanding how the distribution of defense GLSs is regulated in plants and could be used to improve crop quality in agriculture.
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28
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Kamal F, Shen S, Hu R, Zhang Q, Yin N, Ma Y, Jiang Y, Xu X, Li J, Lu K, Qu C. Metabolite Characteristics Analysis of Siliques and Effects of Lights on the Accumulation of Glucosinolates in Siliques of Rapeseed. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:817419. [PMID: 35251085 PMCID: PMC8888874 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.817419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are naturally occurring secondary metabolites found in the Brassicaceae family, which mainly synthesize in the siliques with a wide range of functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of lights on metabolites in siliques of rapeseed through ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-heated electrospray ionization (HESI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). A total of 249 metabolites, including 29 phenolic acids, 38 flavonoids, 22 GSLs, 93 uncalculated and 67 unknown compounds, were identified in siliques of rapeseed. Meanwhile, 62 metabolites showed significant differences after shading treatment, which were mainly GSLs and unknown compounds. Interestingly, the amounts of 10 GSLs had high accumulation levels in siliques, while the expression levels of their corresponding biosynthetic genes (AOP, GSL-OH, IGMT, and ST5a) were obviously reduced after shading treatment. Further evidence showed that the amounts of GSLs were significantly reduced in seeds, in accordance with the expression profiles of transporter genes (BnaGTRs). Our findings indicated that lights could affect the accumulation and transportation of GSLs from siliques to seeds in rapeseed. Therefore, this study facilitates a better understanding of metabolic characteristics of siliques and provides insight into the importance of light for GSLs accumulation and transportation in siliques and seeds of rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Kamal
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shulin Shen
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Hu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianwei Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nengwen Yin
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yifang Ma
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxiang Jiang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
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29
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Agerbirk N, Pattison DI, Mandáková T, Lysak MA, Montaut S, Staerk D. Ancient Biosyntheses in an Oil Crop: Glucosinolate Profiles in Limnanthes alba and Its Relatives (Limnanthaceae, Brassicales). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1134-1147. [PMID: 35061395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The glucosinolate (GSL) profiles of four Limnanthaceae species, including the oil crop Limnanthes alba (meadowfoam), were investigated by an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QToF-MS/MS) analysis of desulfoGSLs after desulfation of native GSLs, supplemented by NMR of desulfated 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropylGSL and 3-methoxybenzylGSL. Leaves, roots, and seeds were investigated, providing an overview of biosynthetic capabilities in the genera Floerkea and Limnanthes. Methoxyl groups on benzylGSLs were in meta but not para positions; two 3,5-disubstituted benzylGSLs are tentatively proposed. 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropylGSL was accompanied by an isomer that was not a previously reported GSL. The combined GSL profile of the family included GSLs derived from valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, and possibly methionine and tryptophan. Substituted indole GSLs and GSLs derived from chain-elongated amino acids or alanine were searched for but not detected. Hypothetic glycosides of GSLs were detected at low levels. Based on biochemical interpretation, we suggest biosynthetic schemes and gene families (CYP79C, GSOH) relevant for tailoring GSL profiles in Limnanthes crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Agerbirk
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - David I Pattison
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- CEITEC─Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin A Lysak
- CEITEC─Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sabine Montaut
- Biomolecular Sciences Programme, School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Tan Z, Xie Z, Dai L, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Tang S, Wan L, Yao X, Guo L, Hong D. Genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies reveal the genetic basis and the breeding history of seed glucosinolate content in Brassica napus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:211-225. [PMID: 34525252 PMCID: PMC8710833 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A high content of seed glucosinolates and their degradation products imposes anti-nutritional effects on livestock; therefore, persistent efforts are made to reduce the seed GSL content to increase the commercial value of rapeseed meal. Here, we dissected the genetic structure of SGC by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) combined with transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS). Fifteen reliable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified to be associated with the reduced SGC in modern B. napus cultivars by GWAS. Analysis of the selection strength and haplotypes at these QTLs revealed that low SGC was predominantly generated by the co-selection of qGSL.A02.2, qGSL.C02.1, qGSL.A09.2, and qGSL.C09.1. Integration of the results from TWAS, comprehensive bioinformatics, and POCKET algorithm analyses indicated that BnaC02.GTR2 (BnaC02g42260D) is a candidate gene underlying qGSL.C02.1. Using CRISPR/Cas9-derived Bna.gtr2s knockout mutants, we experimentally verified that both BnaC02.GTR2 and its three paralogs positively regulate seed GSL accumulation but negatively regulated vegetative tissue GSL contents. In addition, we observed smaller seeds with higher seed oil content in these Bna.gtr2 mutants. Furthermore, both RNA-seq and correlation analyses suggested that Bna.GTR2s might play a comprehensive role in seed development, such as amino acid accumulation, GSL synthesis, sugar assimilation, and oil accumulation. This study unravels the breeding selection history of low-SGC improvement and provides new insights into the molecular function of Bna.GTR2s in both seed GSL accumulation and seed development in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengdong Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhaoqi Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lihong Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuting Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shan Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lili Wan
- Institute of CropsWuhan Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Xuan Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
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Yang J, Wang J, Li Z, Li X, He Z, Zhang L, Sha T, Lyu X, Chen S, Gu Y, Li Z, Hu Z, He H, Bancroft I, Zhang M. Genomic signatures of vegetable and oilseed allopolyploid Brassica juncea and genetic loci controlling the accumulation of glucosinolates. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:2619-2628. [PMID: 34448350 PMCID: PMC8633494 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Allopolyploid Brassica juncea crops in Brassicaceae are becoming increasingly revitalized as vegetables and oilseeds owing to wide adaptability and significant economic values. However, the genomic differentiation of diversified vegetables and oilseed B. juncea and the genetic basis underlying glucosinolates accumulation have yet to be elucidated. To address this knowledge gap, we report the sequencing of pairwise genomes of vegetable and oilseed B. juncea at chromosome scale. Comparative genomics analysis unveils panoramic structural variation footprints, particularly the genetic loci of HSP20 and TGA1 associated with abiotic and biotic stresses responses between oilseed and vegetable subgroups. We anchored two major loci of MYB28 (HAG1) orthologues caused by copy number variations on A02 and A09 chromosomes using scored genomic SNPs-based GWAS that are responsible for seed oil quality-determining glucosinolates biosynthesis. These findings will provide valuable repertories of polyploidy genomic information enabling polyploidy genome evolution studies and precise genomic selections for crucial traits like functional components of glucosinolates in B. juncea crops and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Yang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular BreedingInstitute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityHainan Institute of Zhejiang UniversityYazhou District, SanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Biomarker Technologies CorporationBeijingChina
| | - Zhangping Li
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular BreedingInstitute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityHainan Institute of Zhejiang UniversityYazhou District, SanyaChina
| | - Xuming Li
- Biomarker Technologies CorporationBeijingChina
| | - Zhesi He
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Lili Zhang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular BreedingInstitute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Tongyun Sha
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular BreedingInstitute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaolong Lyu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular BreedingInstitute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Sheng Chen
- School of Agriculture and Environment and the UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
| | - Yuanguo Gu
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumqiChina
| | - Zaiyun Li
- College of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zhongyuan Hu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular BreedingInstitute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hongju He
- Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | - Mingfang Zhang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular BreedingInstitute of Vegetable ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityHainan Institute of Zhejiang UniversityYazhou District, SanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
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Maruyama-Nakashita A, Ishibashi Y, Yamamoto K, Zhang L, Morikawa-Ichinose T, Kim SJ, Hayashi N. Oxygen plasma modulates glucosinolate levels without affecting lipid contents and composition in Brassica napus seeds. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:2434-2441. [PMID: 34506620 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed contains high levels of glucosinolates (GSLs), playing pivotal roles in defense against herbivores and pests. As their presence in rapeseed reduces the value of the meal for animal feeding, intensive efforts to reduce them produced low-seed GSL cultivars. However, there is no such variety suitable for the south part of Japan. Here, we tested the effects of cold oxygen plasma (oxygen CP) on seed germination and GSL and lipid content, in 3 rapeseed cultivars. According to the cultivars, oxygen CP slightly stimulated seed germination and modified the GSL levels, and decreased GSL levels in Kizakinonatane but increased those in Nanashikibu. In contrast, it negligibly affected the lipid content and composition in the 3 cultivars. Thus, oxygen CP modulated seed GSL levels without affecting seed viability and lipid content. Future optimization of this technique may help optimize rapeseed GSL content without plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yohei Ishibashi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyotaro Yamamoto
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Morikawa-Ichinose
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sun-Ju Kim
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nobuya Hayashi
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, Japan
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Nogia P, Pati PK. Plant Secondary Metabolite Transporters: Diversity, Functionality, and Their Modulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:758202. [PMID: 34777438 PMCID: PMC8580416 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.758202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in the vital functioning of plants such as growth, development, defense, and survival via their transportation and accumulation at the required site. However, unlike primary metabolites, the transport mechanisms of SMs are not yet well explored. There exists a huge gap between the abundant presence of SM transporters, their identification, and functional characterization. A better understanding of plant SM transporters will surely be a step forward to fulfill the steeply increasing demand for bioactive compounds for the formulation of herbal medicines. Thus, the engineering of transporters by modulating their expression is emerging as the most viable option to achieve the long-term goal of systemic metabolic engineering for enhanced metabolite production at minimum cost. In this review article, we are updating the understanding of recent advancements in the field of plant SM transporters, particularly those discovered in the past two decades. Herein, we provide notable insights about various types of fully or partially characterized transporters from the ABC, MATE, PUP, and NPF families including their diverse functionalities, structural information, potential approaches for their identification and characterization, several regulatory parameters, and their modulation. A novel perspective to the concept of "Transporter Engineering" has also been unveiled by highlighting its potential applications particularly in plant stress (biotic and abiotic) tolerance, SM accumulation, and removal of anti-nutritional compounds, which will be of great value for the crop improvement program. The present study creates a roadmap for easy identification and a better understanding of various transporters, which can be utilized as suitable targets for transporter engineering in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pratap Kumar Pati
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Scharff LB, Saltenis VLR, Jensen PE, Baekelandt A, Burgess AJ, Burow M, Ceriotti A, Cohan J, Geu‐Flores F, Halkier BA, Haslam RP, Inzé D, Klein Lankhorst R, Murchie EH, Napier JA, Nacry P, Parry MAJ, Santino A, Scarano A, Sparvoli F, Wilhelm R, Pribil M. Prospects to improve the nutritional quality of crops. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lars B. Scharff
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Centre University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Vandasue L. R. Saltenis
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Centre University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Poul Erik Jensen
- Department of Food Science University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Alexandra Baekelandt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Meike Burow
- DynaMo Center Copenhagen Plant Science Centre Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Aldo Ceriotti
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council (CNR) Milan Italy
| | | | - Fernando Geu‐Flores
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Centre University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Barbara Ann Halkier
- DynaMo Center Copenhagen Plant Science Centre Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | | | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - René Klein Lankhorst
- Wageningen Plant Research Wageningen University & Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Erik H. Murchie
- School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
| | | | - Philippe Nacry
- BPMPUniv MontpellierINRAECNRSMontpellier SupAgro Montpellier France
| | | | - Angelo Santino
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA) National Research Council (CNR) Lecce Italy
| | - Aurelia Scarano
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA) National Research Council (CNR) Lecce Italy
| | - Francesca Sparvoli
- DynaMo Center Copenhagen Plant Science Centre Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Ralf Wilhelm
- Institute for Biosafety in Plant Biotechnology Julius Kühn‐Institut – Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Quedlinburg Germany
| | - Mathias Pribil
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Copenhagen Plant Science Centre University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
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Bioactive Compounds from Agricultural Residues, Their Obtaining Techniques, and the Antimicrobial Effect as Postharvest Additives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2021; 2021:9936722. [PMID: 34568485 PMCID: PMC8463193 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9936722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural vegetable products always seek to meet the growing demands of the population; however, today, there are great losses in supply chains and in the sales stage. Looking for a longer shelf life of fruits and vegetables, postharvest technologies have been developed that allow an adequate transfer from the field to the point of sale and a longer shelf life. One of the most attractive methods to improve quality and nutritional content and extend shelf life of fruits and vegetables is the incorporation of bioactive compounds with postharvest technologies. These compounds are substances that can prevent food spoilage and the proliferation of harmful microorganisms and, in some cases, act as a dietary supplement or provide health benefits. This review presents an updated overview of the knowledge about bioactive compounds derived from plant residues, the techniques most used for obtaining them, their incorporation in edible films and coatings, and the methods of microbial inhibition.
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Kitainda V, Jez JM. Structural Studies of Aliphatic Glucosinolate Chain-Elongation Enzymes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091500. [PMID: 34573132 PMCID: PMC8468904 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants evolved specialized metabolic pathways through gene duplication and functional divergence of enzymes involved in primary metabolism. The results of this process are varied pathways that produce an array of natural products useful to both plants and humans. In plants, glucosinolates are a diverse class of natural products. Glucosinolate function stems from their hydrolysis products, which are responsible for the strong flavors of Brassicales plants, such as mustard, and serve as plant defense molecules by repelling insects, fighting fungal infections, and discouraging herbivory. Additionally, certain hydrolysis products such as isothiocyanates can potentially serve as cancer prevention agents in humans. The breadth of glucosinolate function is a result of its great structural diversity, which comes from the use of aliphatic, aromatic and indole amino acids as precursors and elongation of some side chains by up to nine carbons, which, after the formation of the core glucosinolate structure, can undergo further chemical modifications. Aliphatic methionine-derived glucosinolates are the most abundant form of these compounds. Although both elongation and chemical modification of amino acid side chains are important for aliphatic glucosinolate diversity, its elongation process has not been well described at the molecular level. Here, we summarize new insights on the iterative chain-elongation enzymes methylthioalkylmalate synthase (MAMS) and isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH).
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Panda S, Kazachkova Y, Aharoni A. Catch-22 in specialized metabolism: balancing defense and growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6027-6041. [PMID: 34293097 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants are unsurpassed biochemists that synthesize a plethora of molecules in response to an ever-changing environment. The majority of these molecules, considered as specialized metabolites, effectively protect the plant against pathogens and herbivores. However, this defense most probably comes at a great expense, leading to reduction of growth (known as the 'growth-defense trade-off'). Plants employ several strategies to reduce the high metabolic costs associated with chemical defense. Production of specialized metabolites is tightly regulated by a network of transcription factors facilitating its fine-tuning in time and space. Multifunctionality of specialized metabolites-their effective recycling system by re-using carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, thus re-introducing them back to the primary metabolite pool-allows further cost reduction. Spatial separation of biosynthetic enzymes and their substrates, and sequestration of potentially toxic substances and conversion to less toxic metabolite forms are the plant's solutions to avoid the detrimental effects of metabolites they produce as well as to reduce production costs. Constant fitness pressure from herbivores, pathogens, and abiotic stressors leads to honing of specialized metabolite biosynthesis reactions to be timely, efficient, and metabolically cost-effective. In this review, we assess the costs of production of specialized metabolites for chemical defense and the different plant mechanisms to reduce the cost of such metabolic activity in terms of self-toxicity and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Panda
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Negev, Israel
| | - Yana Kazachkova
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Improvement of glucosinolates by metabolic engineering in Brassica crops. ABIOTECH 2021; 2:314-329. [PMID: 36303883 PMCID: PMC9590530 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are a class of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing, and amino acid-derived important secondary metabolites, which mainly present in plants of Brassicaceae family, including Brassica crops, such as broccoli, cabbage, and oilseed rape. The bioactive GSL metabolites confer benefits to plant defense, human health, and the unique flavor of some Brassica crops. However, certain GSL profiles have adverse effects and are known as anti-nutritional factors. This has attracted mounting attempts to increase beneficial GSLs and reduce detrimental ones in the most commonly consumed Brassica crops. We provide a comprehensive overview of metabolic engineering applied in Brassica crops to achieve this purpose, including modulation of GSL biosynthesis, ablation of GSL hydrolysis, inhibition of GSL transport processes, and redirection of metabolic flux to GSL. Moreover, advances in omics approaches, i.e., genomics, transcriptome, and metabolome, applied in the elucidation of GSL metabolism in Brassica crops, as well as promising and potential genome-editing technologies are also discussed.
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Zhao Y, Chen Z, Chen J, Chen B, Tang W, Chen X, Lai Z, Guo R. Comparative transcriptomic analyses of glucosinolate metabolic genes during the formation of Chinese kale seeds. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:394. [PMID: 34418959 PMCID: PMC8380351 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand the mechanism of glucosinolates (GSs) accumulation in the specific organs, combined analysis of physiological change and transcriptome sequencing were applied in the current study. Taking Chinese kale as material, seeds and silique walls were divided into different stages based on the development of the embryo in seeds and then subjected to GS analysis and transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS The main GS in seeds of Chinese kale were glucoiberin and gluconapin and their content changed with the development of the seed. During the transition of the embryo from torpedo- to the early cotyledonary-embryo stage, the accumulation of GS in the seed was accompanied by the salient decline of GS in the corresponding silique wall. Thus, the seed and corresponding silique wall at these two stages were subjected to transcriptomic sequencing analysis. 135 genes related to GS metabolism were identified, of which 24 genes were transcription factors, 81 genes were related to biosynthetic pathway, 25 genes encoded catabolic enzymes, and 5 genes matched with transporters. The expression of GS biosynthetic genes was detected both in seeds and silique walls. The high expression of FMOGS-OX and AOP2, which is related to the production of gluconapin by side modification, was noted in seeds at both stages. Interestingly, the expression of GS biosynthetic genes was higher in the silique wall compared with that in the seed albeit lower content of GS existed in the silique wall than in the seed. Combined with the higher expression of transporter genes GTRs in silique walls than in seeds, it was proposed that the transportation of GS from the silique wall to the seed is an important source for seed GS accumulation. In addition, genes related to GS degradation expressed abundantly in the seed at the early cotyledonary-embryo stage indicating its potential role in balancing seed GS content. CONCLUSIONS Two stages including the torpedo-embryo and the early cotyledonary-embryo stage were identified as crucial in GS accumulation during seed development. Moreover, we confirmed the transportation of GS from the silique wall to the seed and proposed possible sidechain modification of GS biosynthesis may exist during seed formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiao Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Zeyuan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Bingxing Chen
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Weiling Tang
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Rongfang Guo
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
- Joint FAFU-Dalhousie Lab, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
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Nambiar DM, Kumari J, Augustine R, Kumar P, Bajpai PK, Bisht NC. GTR1 and GTR2 transporters differentially regulate tissue-specific glucosinolate contents and defence responses in the oilseed crop Brassica juncea. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2729-2743. [PMID: 33908644 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
GTR1 and GTR2 transporters are components of the source to sink translocation network of glucosinolates, which are major defence metabolites in the Brassicaceae. These transporters can be genetically manipulated for reduction of seed-glucosinolates without inhibiting glucosinolate biosynthesis, thereby maintaining the inherent defence potential of plants. However, the different roles of GTRs in influencing tissue-specific distribution of glucosinolates in agriculturally important Brassica crops are yet unknown. Here, we report functional characterization of two groups of glucosinolate transporters (GTR1 and GTR2) from Brassica juncea based on gene expression data, biochemical analysis, gene-complementation studies in GTR-deficient mutants and RNAi-based knockdown followed by insect feeding experiments. Although both GTRs showed ubiquitous expression patterns and broad substrate specificity, the single-gene knockdown lines displayed different phenotypes. The GTR2-knockdown plants showed a significant reduction of glucosinolates in seeds and a higher accumulation in leaves and pods, while the GTR1-knockdown plants displayed a smaller reduction of glucosinolates in seeds and significantly lower glucosinolate levels in leaves. Consequently, knockdown of GTR2 resulted in higher resistance towards the generalist pest, Spodoptera litura. Overall, our study highlights the distinctive roles of B. juncea GTRs in tissue-specific accumulation of glucosinolates and the potential for manipulating GTR2 for enhanced nutrition and plant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti M Nambiar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Juhi Kumari
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Rehna Augustine
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabodh K Bajpai
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveen C Bisht
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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41
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Sørensen M, Møller BL. Metabolic Engineering of Photosynthetic Cells – in Collaboration with Nature. Metab Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527823468.ch21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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42
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Kazachkova Y, Zemach I, Panda S, Bocobza S, Vainer A, Rogachev I, Dong Y, Ben-Dor S, Veres D, Kanstrup C, Lambertz SK, Crocoll C, Hu Y, Shani E, Michaeli S, Nour-Eldin HH, Zamir D, Aharoni A. The GORKY glycoalkaloid transporter is indispensable for preventing tomato bitterness. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:468-480. [PMID: 33707737 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fruit taste is determined by sugars, acids and in some species, bitter chemicals. Attraction of seed-dispersing organisms in nature and breeding for consumer preferences requires reduced fruit bitterness. A key metabolic shift during ripening prevents tomato fruit bitterness by eliminating α-tomatine, a renowned defence-associated Solanum alkaloid. Here, we combined fine mapping with information from 150 resequenced genomes and genotyping a 650-tomato core collection to identify nine bitter-tasting accessions including the 'high tomatine' Peruvian landraces reported in the literature. These 'bitter' accessions contain a deletion in GORKY, a nitrate/peptide family transporter mediating α-tomatine subcellular localization during fruit ripening. GORKY exports α-tomatine and its derivatives from the vacuole to the cytosol and this facilitates the conversion of the entire α-tomatine pool to non-bitter forms, rendering the fruit palatable. Hence, GORKY activity was a notable innovation in the process of tomato fruit domestication and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Kazachkova
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Itay Zemach
- Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sayantan Panda
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Samuel Bocobza
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andrii Vainer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ilana Rogachev
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yonghui Dong
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dorottya Veres
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DynaMo Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christa Kanstrup
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DynaMo Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sophie Konstanze Lambertz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DynaMo Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph Crocoll
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DynaMo Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yangjie Hu
- Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eilon Shani
- Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Simon Michaeli
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DynaMo Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dani Zamir
- Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Betancor M, MacEwan A, Sprague M, Gong X, Montero D, Han L, Napier J, Norambuena F, Izquierdo M, Tocher D. Oil from transgenic Camelina sativa as a source of EPA and DHA in feed for European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.). AQUACULTURE (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 530:735759. [PMID: 33456090 PMCID: PMC7729833 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture, the fastest growing food production sector cannot continue to rely on finite stocks of marine fish as the primary source of the omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3), for feeds. A four-month feeding trial was conducted to investigate the impact of a de novo oil, with high levels of EPA and DHA, obtained from transgenic Camelina sativa on growth performance, tissue fatty acid profiles, and expression of lipid metabolism genes when used as a replacement for fish oil in feed for European seabass (Dicentrachus labrax). Triplicate groups of 50 juvenile fish (initial weight 16.7 ± 0.92 g) per tank were fed for 4 months with one of three isolipidic and isoproteic experimental diets consisting of a standard diet containing a commercial blend of fish oil and rapeseed oil (CFO), a diet containing transgenic Camelina oil (TCO), or a blend of fish oil and rapeseed oil with enhanced levels of EPA and DHA (EFO) formulated to match the n-3 LC-PUFA profile of the TCO feed. Final weight of fish fed the GM-derived oil was not different to fish fed either CFO or EFO. Slight lower growth performance of fish fed TCO at the beginning of the trial was related to transient reduced feed intake, possibly caused by glucosinolates in the raw Camelina sativa oil. The GM-derived oil improved the nutritional quality of the fish fillet by enhancing total n-3 PUFA levels compared to the fish fed the other two feeds, and maintained flesh EPA and DHA at the same levels as in fish fed the diets containing fish oil. The metabolic response in liver and intestine was generally relatively mild although diets TCO and EFO seemed to trigger a metabolic response consisting of an up-regulation of both β-oxidation (cpt1a) and fatty acid transport (fabp1), possibly reflecting higher levels of LC-PUFA. Overall, the present study indicated that an oil of terrestrial origin, Camelina sativa, when engineered to contain high levels of EPA and DHA can replace fish oil in feeds for European seabass with no detrimental impact on growth or feed efficiency, while also maintaining or increasing tissue n-3 LC-PUFA contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.B. Betancor
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - A. MacEwan
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - M. Sprague
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - X. Gong
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
| | - D. Montero
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Universitario Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Ctra. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - L. Han
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - J.A. Napier
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - F. Norambuena
- Biomar AS, Havnegata 9, Pirsenteret 3, Trondheim 7010, Norway
| | - M. Izquierdo
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Universitario Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Ctra. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - D.R. Tocher
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
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Yang J, Li Z, Lian J, Qi G, Shi P, He J, Hu Z, Zhang M. Brassicaceae transcriptomes reveal convergent evolution of super-accumulation of sinigrin. Commun Biol 2020; 3:779. [PMID: 33328568 PMCID: PMC7745032 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wasabi, horseradish and mustard are popular pungent crops in which the characteristic bioactive hydrolysis of specialized glucosinolates (GSLs) occurs. Although the metabolic pathways of GSLs are well elucidated, how plants have evolved convergent mechanisms to accumulate identical GSL components remains largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that sinigrin is predominantly synthesized in wasabi, horseradish and mustard in Brassicaceae. We de novo assembled the transcriptomes of the three species, revealing the expression patterns of gene clusters associated with chain elongation, side chain modification and transport. Our analysis further revealed that several gene clusters were convergently selected during evolution, exhibiting convergent shifts in amino acid preferences in mustard, wasabi and horseradish. Collectively, our findings provide insights into how unrelated crop species evolve the capacity for sinigrin super-accumulation and thus promise a potent strategy for engineering metabolic pathways at multiple checkpoints to fortify bioactive compounds for condiment or pharmaceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Yang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangping Li
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinmin Lian
- Biozeron Shenzhen, Inc., 518081, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pibiao Shi
- Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station of Yancheng, 224049, Yancheng, China
| | - Jiawei He
- Alpine Economic Plant Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 674199, lijiang, China
| | - Zhongyuan Hu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingfang Zhang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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Chen J, Hu X, Shi T, Yin H, Sun D, Hao Y, Xia X, Luo J, Fernie AR, He Z, Chen W. Metabolite-based genome-wide association study enables dissection of the flavonoid decoration pathway of wheat kernels. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1722-1735. [PMID: 31930656 PMCID: PMC7336285 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The marriage of metabolomic approaches with genetic design has proven a powerful tool in dissecting diversity in the metabolome and has additionally enhanced our understanding of complex traits. That said, such studies have rarely been carried out in wheat. In this study, we detected 805 metabolites from wheat kernels and profiled their relative contents among 182 wheat accessions, conducting a metabolite-based genome-wide association study (mGWAS) utilizing 14 646 previously described polymorphic SNP markers. A total of 1098 mGWAS associations were detected with large effects, within which 26 candidate genes were tentatively designated for 42 loci. Enzymatic assay of two candidates indicated they could catalyse glucosylation and subsequent malonylation of various flavonoids and thereby the major flavonoid decoration pathway of wheat kernel was dissected. Moreover, numerous high-confidence genes associated with metabolite contents have been provided, as well as more subdivided metabolite networks which are yet to be explored within our data. These combined efforts presented the first step towards realizing metabolomics-associated breeding of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xin Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Taotao Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Huanran Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Dongfa Sun
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuanfeng Hao
- National Wheat Improvement CenterInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xianchun Xia
- National Wheat Improvement CenterInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jie Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | | | - Zhonghu He
- National Wheat Improvement CenterInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Leyva-López N, Lizárraga-Velázquez CE, Hernández C, Sánchez-Gutiérrez EY. Exploitation of Agro-Industrial Waste as Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds for Aquaculture. Foods 2020; 9:E843. [PMID: 32605275 PMCID: PMC7404778 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The agroindustry generates a large amount of waste. In postharvest, food losses can reach up to 50%. This waste represents a source of contamination of soil, air, and bodies of water. This represents a problem for the environment as well as for public health. However, this waste is an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, and β-glucans, among others. Several biological activities have been attributed to these compounds; for example, antioxidant, antimicrobial, gut microbiota, and immune system modulators. These properties have been associated with improvements in health. Recently, the approach of using these bioactive compounds as food additives for aquaculture have been addressed, where it is sought that organisms, in addition to growing, preserve their health and become disease resistant. The exploitation of agro-industrial waste as a source of bioactive compounds for aquaculture has a triple objective-to provide added value to production chains, reduce pollution, and improve the well-being of organisms through nutrition. However, to make use of the waste, it is necessary to revalue them, mainly by determining their biological effects in aquaculture organisms. The composition of bioactive compounds of agro-industrial wastes, their biological properties, and their application in aquaculture will be addressed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayely Leyva-López
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Food and Development Research Center), Unidad Mazatlán. Av. Sábalo Cerritos S/N, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico;
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Food and Development Research Center), Unidad Mazatlán. Av. Sábalo Cerritos S/N, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (C.E.L.-V.); (E.Y.S.-G.)
| | - Cynthia E. Lizárraga-Velázquez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Food and Development Research Center), Unidad Mazatlán. Av. Sábalo Cerritos S/N, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (C.E.L.-V.); (E.Y.S.-G.)
| | - Crisantema Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Food and Development Research Center), Unidad Mazatlán. Av. Sábalo Cerritos S/N, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (C.E.L.-V.); (E.Y.S.-G.)
| | - Erika Y. Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Food and Development Research Center), Unidad Mazatlán. Av. Sábalo Cerritos S/N, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (C.E.L.-V.); (E.Y.S.-G.)
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Sonawane PD, Jozwiak A, Panda S, Aharoni A. 'Hijacking' core metabolism: a new panache for the evolution of steroidal glycoalkaloids structural diversity. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 55:118-128. [PMID: 32446857 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are defense specialized metabolites produced by thousands of Solanum species. These metabolites are remarkable in structural diversity formed following modifications in their core scaffold. In recent years, it became clear that a large portion of this chemical repertoire was acquired through various molecular mechanisms involving 'hijacking' of core metabolism enzymes. This was typically accompanied by gene duplication and divergence and further neofunctionalization as well as modified subcellular localization and evolution of new substrate preferences. In this review, we highlight recent findings in the SGAs biosynthetic pathway and elaborate on similar occurrences in other chemical classes that enabled evolution of specialized metabolic pathways and its underlying structural diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant D Sonawane
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adam Jozwiak
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sayantan Panda
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Liu S, Huang H, Yi X, Zhang Y, Yang Q, Zhang C, Fan C, Zhou Y. Dissection of genetic architecture for glucosinolate accumulations in leaves and seeds of Brassica napus by genome-wide association study. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1472-1484. [PMID: 31820843 PMCID: PMC7206990 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs), whose degradation products have been shown to be increasingly important for human health and plant defence, compose important secondary metabolites found in the order Brassicales. It is highly desired to enhance pest and disease resistance by increasing the leaf GSL content while keeping the content low in seeds of Brassica napus, one of the most important oil crops worldwide. Little is known about the regulation of GSL accumulation in the leaves. We quantified the levels of 9 different GSLs and 15 related traits in the leaves of 366 accessions and found that the seed and leaf GSL content were highly correlated (r = 0.79). A total of 78 loci were associated with GSL traits, and five common and eleven tissue-specific associated loci were related to total leaf and seed GSL content. Thirty-six candidate genes were inferred to be involved in GSL biosynthesis. The candidate gene BnaA03g40190D (BnaA3.MYB28) was validated by DNA polymorphisms and gene expression analysis. This gene was responsible for high leaf/low seed GSL content and could explain 30.62% of the total leaf GSL variation in the low seed GSL panel and was not fixed during double-low rapeseed breeding. Our results provide new insights into the genetic basis of GSL variation in leaves and seeds and may facilitate the metabolic engineering of GSLs and the breeding of high leaf/low seed GSL content in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Huibin Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xinqi Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qingyong Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural BioinformaticsCollege of InformaticsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chuchuan Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yongming Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Nambiar DM, Kumari J, Arya GC, Singh AK, Bisht NC. A cell suspension based uptake method to study high affinity glucosinolate transporters. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:75. [PMID: 32489397 PMCID: PMC7247208 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucosinolates are an important class of secondary metabolites characteristic to the order Brassicales. They are known to play a major role in plant defense and from the human perspective, can be anticarcinogenic or antinutritive. GTRs are plasma-membrane localized high affinity glucosinolate transporters, which are important components of the source (leaf) to sink (seed) translocation of intact glucosinolates in members of Brassicaceae family. GTRs are identified as major candidates for Brassica crop improvement, thus dictating a need for their functional characterization. However, currently there are limitations in availability of heterologous assay systems for functional characterization of plant secondary metabolite transporters. To date, the animal-based Xenopus oocyte system is the best established heterologous system for functional characterization of these transporters. Inherent biochemical and physiological attributes unique to the plant membranes necessitate the need for developing plant-based transporters assay systems as well. METHODS In this study, Agrobacterium mediated transformation was used to develop GTR expressing cotton cell lines (CCL-1) for functional characterization of the Arabidopsis high affinity glucosinolate transporters, AtGTR1 and AtGTR2. Following sub-cellular localization of AtGTRs, we standardized the glucosinolate uptake assays using cell suspension cultures of AtGTR expressing CCL-1 its requirement of pH, salt, and time based glucosinolate uptake. Using the GTR expressing CCL-1, we subsequently performed kinetic analysis of AtGTR1 and AtGTR2 for different glucosinolate substrates, sinigrin, gluconapin and sinalbin. RESULTS Several clones expressing each of AtGTR1 and AtGTR2 were obtained showing high level of GTR expression and were maintained through regular sub-culturing. Both AtGTR1 and AtGTR2 are predominantly plasma-localized proteins when overexpressed in CCL-1 cells. Uptake assays were standardized, suggesting that glucosinolate uptake of GTR expressing CCL-1 is robust within the physiological pH range 5-6, and at lower concentration of nitrate salts. GTR expressing CCL-1 cells show increasing glucosinolate accumulation in time course experiment. Kinetic studies over a wide glucosinolate concentrations (10-800 µM) revealed that our novel assay system displayed robust GTR-mediated uptake of different glucosinolates and unambiguously helps elucidate the saturable kinetics of GTRs. Our system confirms the high affinity of AtGTRs for both aliphatic and aromatic glucosinolates. CONCLUSION The transporter assay system described in this study holds potential for studying sub-functionalization amongst GTR homologs present across Brassicaceae family. The fast growing CCL-1 cells, confer the benefits of an in vitro system for quick assays and is plant based thus enabling optimal expression without sequence modifications. The efficient functioning of the GTR transporters in the heterologous CCL-1 opens the possibility of using this plant cell suspension system for functional characterization of other metabolite transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti M. Nambiar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Juhi Kumari
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Gulab C. Arya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Amarjeet K. Singh
- Department of Genetics, CGMCP, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021 India
| | - Naveen C. Bisht
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
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