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Basu C, Cannon PL, Awgulewitsch CP, Galindo CL, Gamazon ER, Hatzopoulos AK. Transcriptome analysis of cardiac endothelial cells after myocardial infarction reveals temporal changes and long-term deficits. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9991. [PMID: 38693202 PMCID: PMC11063162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) have essential roles in cardiac tissue repair after myocardial infarction (MI). To establish stage-specific and long-term effects of the ischemic injury on cardiac ECs, we analyzed their transcriptome at landmark time points after MI in mice. We found that early EC response at Day 2 post-MI centered on metabolic changes, acquisition of proinflammatory phenotypes, initiation of the S phase of cell cycle, and activation of stress-response pathways, followed by progression to mitosis (M/G2 phase) and acquisition of proangiogenic and mesenchymal properties during scar formation at Day 7. In contrast, genes involved in vascular physiology and maintenance of vascular tone were suppressed. Importantly, ECs did not return to pre-injury phenotypes after repair has been completed but maintained inflammatory, fibrotic and thrombotic characteristics and lost circadian rhythmicity. We discovered that the highest induced transcript is the mammalian-specific Sh2d5 gene that promoted migration and invasion of ECs through Rac1 GTPase. Our results revealed a synchronized, temporal activation of disease phenotypes, metabolic pathways, and proliferation in quiescent ECs after MI, indicating that precisely-timed interventions are necessary to optimize cardiac tissue repair and improve outcomes. Furthermore, long-term effects of acute ischemic injury on ECs may contribute to vascular dysfunction and development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Basu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Presley L Cannon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cassandra P Awgulewitsch
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cristi L Galindo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Antonis K Hatzopoulos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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2
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Vadon-Le Goff S, Tessier A, Napoli M, Dieryckx C, Bauer J, Dussoyer M, Lagoutte P, Peyronnel C, Essayan L, Kleiser S, Tueni N, Bettler E, Mariano N, Errazuriz-Cerda E, Fruchart Gaillard C, Ruggiero F, Becker-Pauly C, Allain JM, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Nyström A, Moali C. Identification of PCPE-2 as the endogenous specific inhibitor of human BMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8020. [PMID: 38049428 PMCID: PMC10696041 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases (BTPs) are major players in tissue morphogenesis, growth and repair. They act by promoting the deposition of structural extracellular matrix proteins and by controlling the activity of matricellular proteins and TGF-β superfamily growth factors. They have also been implicated in several pathological conditions such as fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disorders and bone diseases. Despite this broad range of pathophysiological functions, the putative existence of a specific endogenous inhibitor capable of controlling their activities could never be confirmed. Here, we show that procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-2 (PCPE-2), a protein previously reported to bind fibrillar collagens and to promote their BTP-dependent maturation, is primarily a potent and specific inhibitor of BTPs which can counteract their proteolytic activities through direct binding. PCPE-2 therefore differs from the cognate PCPE-1 protein and extends the possibilities to fine-tune BTP activities, both in physiological conditions and in therapeutic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Vadon-Le Goff
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Agnès Tessier
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manon Napoli
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Cindy Dieryckx
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Bauer
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Mélissa Dussoyer
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Priscillia Lagoutte
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Célian Peyronnel
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Lucie Essayan
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Svenja Kleiser
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Tueni
- Laboratoire de Mécanique des Solides, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, Palaiseau, France
- INRIA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Bettler
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Natacha Mariano
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabeth Errazuriz-Cerda
- University of Lyon, Centre d'Imagerie Quantitative Lyon-Est (CIQLE), SFR Santé-Lyon Est, 69373, Lyon, France
| | - Carole Fruchart Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), SIMoS, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florence Ruggiero
- ENS Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), 69007, Lyon, France
| | - Christoph Becker-Pauly
- University of Kiel, Biochemical Institute, Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jean-Marc Allain
- Laboratoire de Mécanique des Solides, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120, Palaiseau, France
- INRIA, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Moali
- University of Lyon, CNRS UMR5305, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory (LBTI), 69367, Lyon, France.
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3
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Liu C, Zhou D, Zhang Q, Wei H, Lu Y, Li B, Zhan H, Cheng J, Wang C, Yang Y, Li S, Hu C, Liao X. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) improves ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction by inhibiting Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15841. [PMID: 37609444 PMCID: PMC10441526 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) compromises cardiac function and increases heart failure risk. Until now, comprehension of the role transcription factor EB (TFEB) plays after MI is limited. Objectives The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of TFEB on fibroblasts differentiation and extracellular matrix expression after MI. Methods AAV9 (adeno-associated virus) mediated up- and down-regulated TFEB expressions were generated in C57BL/6 mice two weeks before the MI modeling. Echocardiography, Masson, Sirius red staining immunofluorescence, and wheat germ agglutinin staining were performed at 3 days, and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after MI modeling. Fibroblasts collected from SD neonatal rats were transfected by adenovirus and siRNA, and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), immunofluorescence, wound healing and Transwell assay were conducted. Myocardial fibrosis-related proteins were identified by Western blot. PNU-74654 (100 ng/mL) was used for 12 hours to inhibit β-catenin-TCF/LEF1 complex. Results The up-regulation of TFEB resulted in reduced fibroblasts proliferation and its differentiation into myofibroblasts in vitro studies. A significant up-regulation of EF and down-regulation of myocyte area was shown in the AAV9-TFEB group. Meanwhile, decreased protein level of α-SMA and collagen I were observed in vitro study. TFEB didn't affect the concentration of β-catenin. Inhibition of TFEB, which promoted cell migration, proliferation and collagen I expression, was counteracted by PNU-74654. Conclusions TFEB demonstrated potential in restraining fibrosis after MI by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dawang Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzheng Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haohong Zhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingge Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuyue Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlin Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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4
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Lin Y, Lai X, Huang S, Pu L, Zeng Q, Wang Z, Huang W. Identification of diagnostic hub genes related to neutrophils and infiltrating immune cell alterations in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1078055. [PMID: 37334348 PMCID: PMC10272521 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1078055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is still a lack of specific indicators to diagnose idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). And the role of immune responses in IPF is elusive. In this study, we aimed to identify hub genes for diagnosing IPF and to explore the immune microenvironment in IPF. Methods We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPF and control lung samples using the GEO database. Combining LASSO regression and SVM-RFE machine learning algorithms, we identified hub genes. Their differential expression were further validated in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model mice and a meta-GEO cohort consisting of five merged GEO datasets. Then, we used the hub genes to construct a diagnostic model. All GEO datasets met the inclusion criteria, and verification methods, including ROC curve analysis, calibration curve (CC) analysis, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve (CIC) analysis, were performed to validate the reliability of the model. Through the Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts algorithm (CIBERSORT), we analyzed the correlations between infiltrating immune cells and hub genes and the changes in diverse infiltrating immune cells in IPF. Results A total of 412 DEGs were identified between IPF and healthy control samples, of which 283 were upregulated and 129 were downregulated. Through machine learning, three hub genes (ASPN, SFRP2, SLCO4A1) were screened. We confirmed their differential expression using pulmonary fibrosis model mice evaluated by qPCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining and analysis of the meta-GEO cohort. There was a strong correlation between the expression of the three hub genes and neutrophils. Then, we constructed a diagnostic model for diagnosing IPF. The areas under the curve were 1.000 and 0.962 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The analysis of other external validation cohorts, as well as the CC analysis, DCA, and CIC analysis, also demonstrated strong agreement. There was also a significant correlation between IPF and infiltrating immune cells. The frequencies of most infiltrating immune cells involved in activating adaptive immune responses were increased in IPF, and a majority of innate immune cells showed reduced frequencies. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that three hub genes (ASPN, SFRP2, SLCO4A1) were associated with neutrophils, and the model constructed with these genes showed good diagnostic value in IPF. There was a significant correlation between IPF and infiltrating immune cells, indicating the potential role of immune regulation in the pathological process of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaojie Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lvya Pu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihao Zeng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Liu P, Wang S, Li K, Yang Y, Man Y, Du F, Wang L, Tian J, Su G. Exosomal microRNA‑4516, microRNA‑203 and SFRP1 are potential biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:124. [PMID: 37203392 PMCID: PMC10206682 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious disease which threatens public health. Exosomes (exos) contain certain genetic information and are important communication vehicles between cells. In the present study, different exosomal microRNAs (miRs), which exhibit a notable association between expression levels in plasma and AMI were assessed to support the development of new diagnostic and clinical assessment markers of patients with AMI. In total, 93 individuals, including 31 healthy controls and 62 patients with AMI, were recruited for the present study. Data on age, blood pressure, glucose levels, lipid levels and coronary angiography images were collected from the enrolled individuals, and plasma samples were collected. Plasma exos were extracted and verified using ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western blotting (WB). Exo‑miR‑4516 and exo‑miR‑203 in plasma exos were identified by exosomal miRNA sequencing analysis, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was performed to detect the levels of exo‑miR‑4516 and exo‑miR‑203 in plasma exos, and ELISA was performed to detect the levels of secretory frizzled‑related protein 1 (SFRP1) in samples. The correlation analysis between exo‑miR‑4516, exo‑miR‑203 and SFRP1 in plasma exos and AMI was presented as receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) of the SYNTAX score, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), low‑density lipoprotein (LDL) and each indicator separately. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis was performed to predict relevant enrichment pathways. Exos were successfully isolated from plasma by ultracentrifugation, which was confirmed by TEM, NTA and WB. Exo‑miR‑4516, exo‑miR‑203 and SFRP1 levels in plasma were significantly higher in the AMI group compared with the healthy control group. ROCs demonstrated that exo‑miR‑4516, exo‑miR‑203 and SFRP1 levels had a high diagnostic efficiency in predicting AMI. Exo‑miR‑4516 was positively correlated with SYNTAX score, and plasma SFRP1 was positively correlated with plasma cTnI and LDL. In conclusion, the data demonstrated that exo‑miR‑4516, exo‑miR‑203 and SFRP1 levels could be used in combination to diagnose and assess the severity of AMI. The present study was retrospectively registered (TRN, NCT02123004).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Kaiyuan Li
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Yilong Man
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Fengli Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shandong Provincial Public Health Centre, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Guohai Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
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6
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Xu X, Zhang B, Wang Y, Shi S, Lv J, Fu Z, Gao X, Li Y, Wu H, Song Q. Renal fibrosis in type 2 cardiorenal syndrome: An update on mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114901. [PMID: 37224755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a state of coexisting heart failure and renal insufficiency in which acute or chronic dysfunction of the heart or kidney lead to acute or chronic dysfunction of the other organ.It was found that renal fibrosis is an important pathological process in the progression of type 2 CRS to end-stage renal disease, and progressive renal impairment accelerates the deterioration of cardiac function and significantly increases the hospitalization and mortality rates of patients. Previous studies have found that Hemodynamic Aiteration, RAAS Overactivation, SNS Dysfunction, Endothelial Dysfunction and Imbalance of natriuretic peptide system contribute to the development of renal disease in the decompensated phase of heart failure, but the exact mechanisms is not clear. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the molecular pathways involved in the development of renal fibrosis due to heart failure and identify the canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways and hypoxia-sensing pathways, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as important triggers and regulators of fibrosis development, and summarize the therapeutic approaches for the above signaling pathways, including SB-525334 Sfrp1, DKK1, IMC, rosarostat, 4-PBA, etc. In addition, some potential natural drugs for this disease are also summarized, including SQD4S2, Wogonin, Astragaloside, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingxuan Zhang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajiao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqing Shi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Lv
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyue Fu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiya Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Huaqin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingqiao Song
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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7
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Siegel JB, Nasarre P, Hsu L, Mukherjee R, Gormley M, Richardson B, Khan I, Morningstar JE, Hilliard E, O’Bryan JP, Helke KL, Spruill L, Dolloff NG, Klauber-DeMore N. Secreted frizzled related-protein 2 is prognostic for human pancreatic cancer patient survival and is associated with fibrosis. Cancer Biomark 2023; 38:287-300. [PMID: 37955079 PMCID: PMC10977449 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers, with five-year survival rates of 9%. We hypothesized that secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) may influence stromal growth in pancreatic cancer, since it increases fibrosis and collagen production in non-neoplastic pathologies. We assessed SFRP2 value as a biomarker and assessed its function in PDAC. SFRP2 gene expression in patients with PDAC was analyzed using TCGA data. Disease free survival (DFS) was analyzed using Kaplan Meier test. The effect of KRAS inhibition on SFRP2 expression in PDAC cells was assessed. The associations of stromal content with SFPR2 mRNA and protein with fibrosis were analyzed. The role of SFRP2 in mesenchymal transformation was assessed by western blot in fibroblasts. Of all cancers in TCGA, SFRP2 levels were highest in PDAC, and higher in PDAC than normal tissues (n= 234, p= 0.0003). High SFRP2 levels correlated with decreased DFS (p= 0.0097). KRAS inhibition reduced SFRP2 levels. Spearman correlation was 0.81 between stromal RNA and SFRP2 in human PDAC, and 0.75 between fibrosis and SFRP2 levels in PDAC tumors. SFRP2-treated fibroblasts displayed mesenchymal characteristics. SFRP2 is prognostic for PDAC survival, regulated by KRAS, and associated with PDAC fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie B. Siegel
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Patrick Nasarre
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lillian Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Rupak Mukherjee
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Meghan Gormley
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bailey Richardson
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jordan E. Morningstar
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, USA
| | - Eleanor Hilliard
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - John P. O’Bryan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kristi L. Helke
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Laura Spruill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Nathan G. Dolloff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Nancy Klauber-DeMore
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Wang X, Chen J, Homma ST, Wang Y, Smith GR, Ruf-Zamojski F, Sealfon SC, Zhou L. Diverse effector and regulatory functions of fibro/adipogenic progenitors during skeletal muscle fibrosis in muscular dystrophy. iScience 2022; 26:105775. [PMID: 36594034 PMCID: PMC9804115 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a prominent pathological feature of skeletal muscle in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The commonly used disease mouse model, mdx 5cv , displays progressive fibrosis in the diaphragm but not limb muscles. We use single-cell RNA sequencing to determine the cellular expression of the genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) production and degradation in the mdx 5cv diaphragm and quadriceps. We find that fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are not only the primary source of ECM but also the predominant cells that express important ECM regulatory genes, including Ccn2, Ltbp4, Mmp2, Mmp14, Timp1, Timp2, and Loxs. The effector and regulatory functions are exerted by diverse FAP clusters which are different between diaphragm and quadriceps, indicating their activation by different tissue microenvironments. FAPs are more abundant in diaphragm than in quadriceps. Our findings suggest that the development of anti-fibrotic therapy for DMD should target not only the ECM production but also the pro-fibrogenic regulatory functions of FAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jianming Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Sachiko T. Homma
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yinhang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Gregory R. Smith
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Frederique Ruf-Zamojski
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stuart C. Sealfon
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA,Corresponding author
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9
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Sharma U, Vadon-Le Goff S, Harlos K, Zhao Y, Mariano N, Bijakowski C, Bourhis JM, Moali C, Hulmes DJS, Aghajari N. Dynamics of the secreted frizzled related protein Sizzled and potential implications for binding to bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1). Sci Rep 2022; 12:14850. [PMID: 36050373 PMCID: PMC9437010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sizzled (Szl) is both a secreted frizzled related protein (sFRP) and a naturally occurring inhibitor of the zinc metalloproteinase bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1), a key regulator of extracellular matrix assembly and growth factor activation. Here we present a new crystal structure for Szl which differs from that previously reported by a large scale (90°) hinge rotation between its cysteine-rich and netrin-like domains. We also present results of a molecular docking analysis showing interactions likely to be involved in the inhibition of BMP-1 activity by Szl. When compared with known structures of BMP-1 in complex with small molecule inhibitors, this reveals features that may be helpful in the design of new inhibitors to prevent the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix that is the hallmark of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvashi Sharma
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
- National Institute of Biologicals, A-32, Institutional Area, Sector 62, Noida, 201309, India
| | - Sandrine Vadon-Le Goff
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, UMR 5305 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Karl Harlos
- Division of Structural Biology, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Division of Structural Biology, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Natacha Mariano
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, UMR 5305 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Cecile Bijakowski
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, UMR 5305 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Marie Bourhis
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, UMR 5305 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Moali
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, UMR 5305 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - David J S Hulmes
- Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, UMR 5305 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Nushin Aghajari
- Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, UMR 5086 CNRS-University of Lyon, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France.
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10
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, largely due to the limited regenerative capacity of the adult human heart. In contrast, teleost zebrafish hearts possess natural regeneration capacity by proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes after injury. Hearts of mice can regenerate if injured in a few days after birth, which coincides with the transient capacity for cardiomyocyte proliferation. This review tends to elaborate the roles and mechanisms of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in heart development and regeneration in mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in zebrafish, mice, and human embryonic stem cells demonstrate the binary effect for Wnt/β-catenin signaling during heart development. Both Wnts and Wnt antagonists are induced in multiple cell types during cardiac development and injury repair. In this review, we summarize composites of the Wnt signaling pathway and their different action routes, followed by the discussion of their involvements in cardiac specification, proliferation, and patterning. We provide overviews about canonical and non-canonical Wnt activity during heart homeostasis, remodeling, and regeneration. Wnt/β-catenin signaling exhibits biphasic and antagonistic effects on cardiac specification and differentiation depending on the stage of embryogenesis. Inhibition of Wnt signaling is beneficial for cardiac wound healing and functional recovery after injury. Understanding of the roles and mechanisms of Wnt signaling pathway in injured animal hearts will contribute to the development of potential therapeutics for human diseased hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jianjian Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao P Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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11
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Cucu I, Nicolescu MI, Busnatu ȘS, Manole CG. Dynamic Involvement of Telocytes in Modulating Multiple Signaling Pathways in Cardiac Cytoarchitecture. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5769. [PMID: 35628576 PMCID: PMC9143034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac interstitium is a complex and dynamic environment, vital for normal cardiac structure and function. Telocytes are active cellular players in regulating main events that feature myocardial homeostasis and orchestrating its involvement in heart pathology. Despite the great amount of data suggesting (microscopically, proteomically, genetically, etc.) the implications of telocytes in the different physiological and reparatory/regenerative processes of the heart, understanding their involvement in realizing the heart's mature cytoarchitecture is still at its dawn. Our scrutiny of the recent literature gave clearer insights into the implications of telocytes in the WNT signaling pathway, but also TGFB and PI3K/AKT pathways that, inter alia, conduct cardiomyocytes differentiation, maturation and final integration into heart adult architecture. These data also strengthen evidence for telocytes as promising candidates for cellular therapies in various heart pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Cucu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihnea Ioan Nicolescu
- Division of Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, “Victor Babeș” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ștefan-Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardiology-“Bagdasar Arseni” Emergency Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cătălin Gabriel Manole
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Pathology, “Victor Babeș” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
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12
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Yang Y, Lei T, Bi W, Xiao Z, Zhang X, Du H. The combined therapy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and resveratrol for diabetes: Future applications and challenges. Life Sci 2022; 301:120563. [PMID: 35460708 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide chronic epidemic disease of impaired glucose metabolism. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered a promising emerging treatment strategy for diabetes. However, the harsh internal environment of DM patients can inhibit the treatment effects of transplanted MSCs. Fortunately, this adverse effect can be reversed by resveratrol (Res). Therefore, we investigated and summarized relevant studies on the combined treatment of diabetes with MSCs and resveratrol. This review presents the therapeutic effects of this combination therapy strategy on DM in glycemic control, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress and anti-fibrotic. Moreover, this review explained the mechanisms of MSCs and resveratrol in diabetes treatment from 3 aspects, including promoting cell survival and inhibiting apoptosis, inhibiting histiocyte fibrosis, and improving glucose metabolism. These findings help to understand in-depth mechanisms of the treatment of DM and help to propose a potential treatment strategy for DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Yang
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tong Lei
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wangyu Bi
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Xiao
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhang
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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13
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Sansilvestri-Morel P, Harouki-Crochemore N, Bertin F, Bertheux H, Vermeil de Conchard G, Diguet N, Desfosses E, Lecomte M, Gonzalez A, Diez J, Tupinon-Mathieu I, Delerive P. Deficiency of Procollagen C-Proteinase Enhancer 1 in Mice has No Major Impact on Cardiac Collagen and Function Under Basal Conditions. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:e703-e713. [PMID: 34369899 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Maturation of fibrillar collagen is known to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of myocardial fibrosis. Procollagen C-proteinase enhancer 1 (PCPE1) has a key role in procollagen maturation and collagen fibril formation. The phenotype of both male and female PCPE1 knock-out mice was investigated under basal conditions to explore the potential of PCPE1 as a therapeutic target in heart failure. Global constitutive PCPE1-/- mice were generated. Serum procollagen I C-terminal propeptide, organ histology, and cutaneous wound healing were assessed in both wild type (WT) and PCPE1-/- mice. In addition, the cardiac expression of genes involved in collagen metabolism was investigated and the total and insoluble cardiac collagen contents determined. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. No differences in survival, clinical chemistry, or organ histology were observed in PCPE1-/- mice compared with WT. Serum procollagen I C-terminal propeptide was lower in PCPE1-/- mice. Cardiac mRNA expression of Bmp1, Col1a1, Col3a1, and Loxl2 was similar, whereas Tgfb and Loxl1 mRNA levels were decreased in PCPE1-/- mice compared with sex-matched WT. No modification of total or insoluble cardiac collagen content was observed between the 2 strains. Ejection fraction was slightly decreased in PCPE1-/- male mice, but not in females. Finally, wound healing was not altered in PCPE1-/- mice. PCPE1 deficiency does not trigger any major liabilities and does not affect cardiac collagen content nor its function under basal conditions. Further studies are required to evaluate its role under stressed conditions and determine its suitability as a therapeutic target for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Najah Harouki-Crochemore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Florence Bertin
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Diguet
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
| | | | - Mathilde Lecomte
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Arantxa Gonzalez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA and CIBERCV, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Diez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA and CIBERCV, Pamplona, Spain
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery and of Nephrology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and
| | - Isabelle Tupinon-Mathieu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Philippe Delerive
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Research, Institut de Recherches Servier, Suresnes, France
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14
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Liu J, Zheng X, Zhang C, Zhang C, Bu P. Lcz696 Alleviates Myocardial Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction Through the sFRP-1/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:724147. [PMID: 34539406 PMCID: PMC8443774 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.724147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lcz696 (ARNI, angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor; sacubitril/valsartan) shows an inhibitory effect on fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the underlying signaling mechanisms are poorly understood. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is activated after MI and participates in the process of myocardial fibrosis. Here, we aimed to assess the efficacy of ARNI for alleviating myocardial fibrosis after MI and hypothesized that ARNI alleviates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and overexpressing sFRP-1, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: Mice randomized at 1 week post-MI were administered lcz696 (60 mg/kg, n = 21), valsartan (30 mg/kg, n = 19), or corn oil (n = 13) orally for 4 weeks, while the sham-operated group received vehicle (corn oil, n = 19). Cardiac function and extent of myocardial fibrosis were measured. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins. Furthermore, primary myocardial fibroblasts were stimulated with angiotensin II (Ang II) and cultured with lcz696 and the sFRP-1 inhibitor way316606 to detect the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins. Results: Both lcz696 and valsartan alleviated myocardial fibrosis and improved cardiac function, but lcz696 had superior efficiency compared to valsartan. Furthermore, β-catenin expression was inhibited and sFRP-1 was overexpressed after drug treatment, which could be significantly improved by lcz696 in mice. In addition, lcz696 inhibited β-catenin expression in AngII-stimulated myocardial fibroblasts, and β-catenin expression increased after the inhibition of sFRP-1. Conclusion: ARNI alleviated cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In addition, ARNI can lead to overexpression of sFRP-1, which is an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results indicate a new therapeutic target of ARNI to improve myocardial fibrosis and prevent myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Xuehui Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peili Bu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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15
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Liu S, Tang L, Zhao X, Nguyen B, Heallen TR, Li M, Wang J, Wang J, Martin JF. Yap Promotes Noncanonical Wnt Signals From Cardiomyocytes for Heart Regeneration. Circ Res 2021; 129:782-797. [PMID: 34424032 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.318966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Liu
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.)
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX.,School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (X.Z., J.W.)
| | - Bao Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX
| | - Todd R Heallen
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.)
| | | | - Jianxin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston (X.Z., J.W.)
| | - James F Martin
- Cardiomyocyte Renewal Laboratory, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (S.L., T.R.H., J.F.M.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (L.T., B.N., J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (J.F.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX
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16
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Wang M, Qian L, Li J, Ming H, Fang L, Li Y, Zhang M, Xu Y, Ban Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang N. GHSR deficiency exacerbates cardiac fibrosis: role in macrophage inflammasome activation and myofibroblast differentiation. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:2091-2102. [PMID: 31790138 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Sustained activation of β-adrenergic signalling induces cardiac fibrosis, which marks progression to heart failure. GHSR (growth hormone secretagogue receptor) is the receptor for ghrelin, which is an orexigenic gastric hormone with newly defined cardiovascular effects. The present study determined the effects of GHSR deficiency in a mouse model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac fibrosis and examined the underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Histochemical studies showed that GHSR deficiency exacerbated cardiac fibrosis. Quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that cardiac fibroblasts isolated from GHSR-/- mice exhibited increased expression of marker genes for myofibroblast trans-differentiation (α-SMA, SM22, and calponin) upon transforming growth factor-β treatment compared to wild-type mice. RNA-sequencing of heart transcriptomes revealed that differentially expressed genes in GHSR-/- hearts were enriched in such biological processes as extracellular matrix organization, inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, cell cycle, migration, and adhesion. Particularly, GHSR deficiency increased Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in ISO-induced myocardial fibrosis. In addition, loss of GHSR in macrophages instigated inflammasome activation with increased cleavage and release of interleukin-18. CONCLUSION These results for the first time demonstrated that GHSR deficiency aggravated ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis, suggesting that GHSR was a potential target for the intervention of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Qian
- The Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Ming
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Li Fang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjia Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yaohua Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqian Ban
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Institute of Vascular Medicine, The Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yahan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Nanping Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,The Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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17
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Lagoutte P, Bettler E, Vadon-Le Goff S, Moali C. Procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-1 (PCPE-1), a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for fibrosis. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 11:100062. [PMID: 34435180 PMCID: PMC8377038 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The correct balance between collagen synthesis and degradation is essential for almost every aspect of life, from development to healthy aging, reproduction and wound healing. When this balance is compromised by external or internal stress signals, it very often leads to disease as is the case in fibrotic conditions. Fibrosis occurs in the context of defective tissue repair and is characterized by the excessive, aberrant and debilitating deposition of fibril-forming collagens. Therefore, the numerous proteins involved in the biosynthesis of fibrillar collagens represent a potential and still underexploited source of therapeutic targets to prevent fibrosis. One such target is procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-1 (PCPE-1) which has the unique ability to accelerate procollagen maturation by BMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases (BTPs) and contributes to trigger collagen fibrillogenesis, without interfering with other BTP functions or the activities of other extracellular metalloproteinases. This role is achieved through a fine-tuned mechanism of action that is close to being elucidated and offers promising perspectives for drug design. Finally, the in vivo data accumulated in recent years also confirm that PCPE-1 overexpression is a general feature and early marker of fibrosis. In this review, we describe the results which presently support the driving role of PCPE-1 in fibrosis and discuss the questions that remain to be solved to validate its use as a biomarker or therapeutic target.
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Key Words
- ADAMTS, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs
- AS, aortic valve stenosis
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- Biomarker
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- CP, C-propeptide
- CUB, complement, Uegf, BMP-1
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Collagen
- DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- Fibrillogenesis
- Fibrosis
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HSC, hepatic stellate cell
- HTS, hypertrophic scar
- IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- NTR, netrin
- OPMD, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy
- PABPN1, poly(A)-binding protein nuclear 1
- PCP, procollagen C-proteinase
- PCPE, procollagen C-proteinase enhancer
- PNP, procollagen N-proteinase
- Proteolysis
- SPC, subtilisin proprotein convertase
- TGF-β, transforming growth-factor β
- TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
- TSPN, thrombospondin-like N-terminal
- Therapeutic target
- eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
- mTLD, mammalian tolloid
- mTLL, mammalian tolloid-like
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscillia Lagoutte
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Emmanuel Bettler
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Vadon-Le Goff
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Moali
- University of Lyon, CNRS, Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory, LBTI, UMR5305, F-69367 Lyon, France
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18
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Induced Cardiomyocyte Proliferation: A Promising Approach to Cure Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147720. [PMID: 34299340 PMCID: PMC8303201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike some lower vertebrates which can completely regenerate their heart, the human heart is a terminally differentiated organ. Cardiomyocytes lost during cardiac injury and heart failure cannot be replaced due to their limited proliferative capacity. Therefore, cardiac injury generally leads to progressive failure. Here, we summarize the latest progress in research on methods to induce cardiomyocyte cell cycle entry and heart repair through the alteration of cardiomyocyte plasticity, which is emerging as an effective strategy to compensate for the loss of functional cardiomyocytes and improve the impaired heart functions.
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19
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Volpini X, Ambrosio LF, Brajín MA, Brugo MB, Aoki MP, Rivarola HW, Alfonso F, Fozzatti L, Cervi L, Motran CC. Wnt Signaling Plays a Key Role in the Regulation of the Immune Response and Cardiac Damage during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:566-578. [PMID: 33573383 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chagas cardiomyopathy is the consequence of a compromised electrical and mechanical cardiac function, with parasite persistence, unbalanced inflammation, and pathological tissue remodelling, being intricately related to myocardial aggression and impaired function. Recent studies have shown that Wnt signaling pathways play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiac and vascular diseases. In addition, we have reported that Trypanosoma cruzi infection activates Wnt signaling to promote intracellular replication of the parasites in macrophages, with the treatment of mice with IWP-L6 (an inhibitor of the O-acyl-transferase, PORCN, responsible for the post-translational modifications necessary for Wnt protein secretion) being able to diminish parasitemia and tissue parasitism. Here, we show that inhibition of Wnt signaling during the acute phase of T. cruzi infection controls the parasite replication, inhibits the development of parasite-prone and fibrosis-prone Th2-type immune response, and prevents the development of cardiac abnormalities characteristics of chronic Chagas disease. Our results suggest that the Wnt signaling pathway might be a potential target to prevent the development of T. cruzi-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Volpini
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Fernanda Ambrosio
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Agustina Brajín
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Belen Brugo
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Pilar Aoki
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Hector Walter Rivarola
- Centro de Estudios e Investigación de la Enfermedad de Chagas y Leishmaniasis, Cátedra de Física Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESV Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Bv. De la Reforma y Enfermera Gordillo, Pabellón
de Biología Celular. Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernando Alfonso
- Centro de Estudios e Investigación de la Enfermedad de Chagas y Leishmaniasis, Cátedra de Física Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESV Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA-CONICET), Bv. De la Reforma y Enfermera Gordillo, Pabellón
de Biología Celular. Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Fozzatti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Cervi
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia Cristina Motran
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Haya de la Torre y
Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
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20
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Fibrotic Phenotype of Peritumour Mesenteric Adipose Tissue in Human Colon Cancer: A Potential Hallmark of Metastatic Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052430. [PMID: 33670920 PMCID: PMC7957668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of tumour associated stroma on cancer metastasis is an emerging field. However, cancer associated genes in peritumoral adipose tissue (pAT) in human colon cancer have not been explored. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with cancer pathways in mesenteric pAT compared with adjacent adipose tissue. In total, nine patients with colon cancer pathological stage T2/T4 were employed in this study. DEGs were identified in 6 patients employing Nanostring PanCancer Pathway Panel and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Differential expression of the 5 most up-regulated and 2 down regulated genes was validated with qRT-PCR. Results showed collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) p = 0.007; secreted frizzled related protein (SFRP2) p = 0.057; fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) not significant (ns); phospholipase A2, group IIA (PLA2G2A) ns; nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) ns; lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1) p = 0.03; cadherin 1, Type 1, E-cadherin (epithelial) (CDH1) 0.09. Results have highlighted down-regulation of the Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) pathway in mesenteric pAT compared to distal adipose tissue. Highly upregulated genes in mesenteric pAT were involved in extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions and focal adhesion. Highly down regulated genes were involved in the cell cycle. Immunohistochemistry revealed differential distribution of COL1A1 showing maximum levels in tumour tissue and gradually decreasing in distant adipose tissue. COL1A1 and down regulation of Wnt pathway may have a role in local invasion and distant metastasis. COL1A1 may represent a stromal prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in colon cancer.
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21
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Procopio MC, Lauro R, Nasso C, Carerj S, Squadrito F, Bitto A, Di Bella G, Micari A, Irrera N, Costa F. Role of Adenosine and Purinergic Receptors in Myocardial Infarction: Focus on Different Signal Transduction Pathways. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020204. [PMID: 33670488 PMCID: PMC7922652 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a dramatic event often caused by atherosclerotic plaque erosion or rupture and subsequent thrombotic occlusion of a coronary vessel. The low supply of oxygen and nutrients in the infarcted area may result in cardiomyocytes necrosis, replacement of intact myocardium with non-contractile fibrous tissue and left ventricular (LV) function impairment if blood flow is not quickly restored. In this review, we summarized the possible correlation between adenosine system, purinergic system and Wnt/β-catenin pathway and their role in the pathogenesis of cardiac damage following MI. In this context, several pathways are involved and, in particular, the adenosine receptors system shows different interactions between its members and purinergic receptors: their modulation might be effective not only for a normal functional recovery but also for the treatment of heart diseases, thus avoiding fibrosis, reducing infarcted area and limiting scaring. Similarly, it has been shown that Wnt/β catenin pathway is activated following myocardial injury and its unbalanced activation might promote cardiac fibrosis and, consequently, LV systolic function impairment. In this regard, the therapeutic benefits of Wnt inhibitors use were highlighted, thus demonstrating that Wnt/β-catenin pathway might be considered as a therapeutic target to prevent adverse LV remodeling and heart failure following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Rita Lauro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Chiara Nasso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Scipione Carerj
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Gianluca Di Bella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Antonio Micari
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, A.O.U. Policlinic “G. Martino”, 98165 Messina, Italy;
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-3093; Fax: +39-090-221-23-81
| | - Francesco Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98165 Messina, Italy; (M.C.P.); (R.L.); (C.N.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (G.D.B.); (F.C.)
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22
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Hsueh YC, Hodgkinson CP, Gomez JA. The role of Sfrp and DKK proteins in cardiomyocyte development. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14678. [PMID: 33587322 PMCID: PMC7883806 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the role of Wnt proteins in cardiomyogenesis. More specifically, we focus on how the development of cardiomyocytes from precursor cells involves a complex interplay between Wnt canonical β-catenin signaling pathways and Wnt noncanonical signaling pathways involving PCP and JNK. We also describe recent literature which suggests that endogenous Wnt inhibitors such as the Sfrp and DKK proteins play important roles in regulating the cardiomyocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chang Hsueh
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Conrad P Hodgkinson
- Mandel Center for Heart and Vascular Research, and the Duke Cardiovascular Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jose A Gomez
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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23
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Effect of Interventions in WNT Signaling on Healing of Cardiac Injury: A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020207. [PMID: 33494313 PMCID: PMC7912185 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The wound healing that follows myocardial infarction is a complex process involving multiple mechanisms, such as inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrosis. In the last two decades, the involvement of WNT signaling has been extensively studied and effects on virtually all aspects of this wound healing have been reported. However, as often is the case in a newly emerging field, inconsistent and sometimes even contradictory findings have been reported. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive overview of studies in which the effect of interventions in WNT signaling were investigated in in vivo models of cardiac injury. To this end, we used different search engines to perform a systematic search of the literature using the key words "WNT and myocardial and infarction". We categorized the interventions according to their place in the WNT signaling pathway (ligand, receptor, destruction complex or nuclear level). The most consistent improvements of the wound healing response were observed in studies in which the acylation of WNT proteins was inhibited by administering porcupine inhibitors, by inhibiting of the downstream glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) and by intervening in the β-catenin-mediated gene transcription. Interestingly, in several of these studies, evidence was presented for activation of cardiomyocyte proliferation around the infarct area. These findings indicate that inhibition of WNT signaling can play a valuable role in the repair of cardiac injury, thereby improving cardiac function and preventing the development of heart failure.
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24
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Stafford N, Zi M, Baudoin F, Mohamed TMA, Prehar S, De Giorgio D, Cartwright EJ, Latini R, Neyses L, Oceandy D. PMCA4 inhibition does not affect cardiac remodelling following myocardial infarction, but may reduce susceptibility to arrhythmia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1518. [PMID: 33452399 PMCID: PMC7810749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic heart disease is the world's leading cause of mortality. Survival rates from acute myocardial infarction (MI) have improved in recent years; however, this has led to an increase in the prevalence of heart failure (HF) due to chronic remodelling of the infarcted myocardium, for which treatment options remain poor. We have previously shown that inhibition of isoform 4 of the plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA4) prevents chronic remodelling and HF development during pressure overload, through fibroblast mediated Wnt signalling modulation. Given that Wnt signalling also plays a prominent role during remodelling of the infarcted heart, this study investigated the effect of genetic and functional loss of PMCA4 on cardiac outcomes following MI. Neither genetic deletion nor pharmacological inhibition of PMCA4 affected chronic remodelling of the post-MI myocardium. This was the case when PMCA4 was deleted globally, or specifically from cardiomyocytes or fibroblasts. PMCA4-ablated hearts were however less prone to acute arrhythmic events, which may offer a slight survival benefit. Overall, this study demonstrates that PMCA4 inhibition does not affect chronic outcomes following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Stafford
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Min Zi
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Florence Baudoin
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tamer M A Mohamed
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sukhpal Prehar
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Daria De Giorgio
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Elizabeth J Cartwright
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludwig Neyses
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Simply Uni, Sète, France
| | - Delvac Oceandy
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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25
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Wei M, Zhang C, Tian Y, Du X, Wang Q, Zhao H. Expression and Function of WNT6: From Development to Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:558155. [PMID: 33425886 PMCID: PMC7794017 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.558155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT family member 6 (WNT6) is a member of the highly conserved WNT protein family. It plays an essential role in the normal development process, not only in embryonic morphogenesis, but also in post-natal homeostasis. WNT6 functions in mice and humans. This review summarizes the current findings on the biological functions of WNT6, describing its involvement in regulating embryogenesis, decidualization, and organ development. Aberrant WNT6 signaling is related to various pathologies, such as promoting cancer development, lung tuberculosis, and kidney fibrosis and improving the symptoms of Rett syndrome (RTT). Thus, due to its various functions, WNT6 has great potential for in-depth research. This work not only describes the signaling mechanism and function of WNT6 under physiological and pathological conditions, but also provides a theoretical basis for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Congmin Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research Center, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yujia Tian
- Department of Scientific Research Center, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Department of Scientific Research Center, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- The Health Check Up Center, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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26
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Guan H, Zhang J, Luan J, Xu H, Huang Z, Yu Q, Gou X, Xu L. Secreted Frizzled Related Proteins in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:712217. [PMID: 34489867 PMCID: PMC8417734 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.712217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal gene expression and secreted protein levels are accompanied by extensive pathological changes. Secreted frizzled related protein (SFRP) family members are antagonistic inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway, and they were recently found to be involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of metabolic diseases, which has led to extensive interest in SFRPs. Previous reports highlighted the importance of SFRPs in lipid metabolism, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we provide a detailed introduction of SFRPs, including their structural characteristics, receptors, inhibitors, signaling pathways and metabolic disease impacts. In addition to summarizing the pathologies and potential molecular mechanisms associated with SFRPs, this review further suggests the potential future use of SFRPs as disease biomarkers therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anethesiology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anethesiology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Institution of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhenghao Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lixian Xu, ; Xingchun Gou,
| | - Lixian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anethesiology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lixian Xu, ; Xingchun Gou,
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27
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Frangogiannis NG, Kovacic JC. Extracellular Matrix in Ischemic Heart Disease, Part 4/4: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:2219-2235. [PMID: 32354387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia and infarction, both in the acute and chronic phases, are associated with cardiomyocyte loss and dramatic changes in the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM). It has long been appreciated that these changes in the cardiac ECM result in altered mechanical properties of ischemic or infarcted myocardial segments. However, a growing body of evidence now clearly demonstrates that these alterations of the ECM not only affect the structural properties of the ischemic and post-infarct heart, but they also play a crucial and sometimes direct role in mediating a range of biological pathways, including the orchestration of inflammatory and reparative processes, as well as the pathogenesis of adverse remodeling. This final part of a 4-part JACC Focus Seminar reviews the evidence on the role of the ECM in relation to the ischemic and infarcted heart, as well as its contribution to cardiac dysfunction and adverse clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
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28
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Zhou G, Li C, Zhan Y, Zhang R, Lv B, Geng W, Zheng J. Pinostilbene hydrate suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation via inhibition of miR-17-5p-mediated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 79:153321. [PMID: 32919323 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the development of liver fibrosis, activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) contribute to the synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. HSC activation is considered as a central driver of liver fibrosis. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to act as key regulators in HSC activation. PURPOSE Pinostilbene hydrate (PSH), a methylated derivative of resveratrol, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumour activities. However, the effects of PSH on HSC activation remain unclear. METHODS The effects of PSH on HSC activation were examined. Moreover, the roles of WNT inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) and miR-17-5p in the effects of PSH on HSC activation were examined. RESULTS PSH induced a significant reduction in HSC proliferation. PSH also effectively inhibited HSC activation, with reduced α-SMA and collagen expression. Notably, it was found that Wnt/β-catenin signalling was involved in the effects of PSH on HSC activation. PSH resulted in Wnt/β-catenin signalling inactivation, with a reduction in TCF activity as well as β-catenin nuclear translocation. Further studies showed that PSH inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signalling via regulation of WIF1 and miR-17-5p. Reduced HSC activation caused by PSH could be restored by loss of WIF1 or miR-17-5p mimics. Luciferase reporter assays further confirmed that WIF1 was a target of miR-17-5p. CONCLUSION PSH has a significant protective effect against HSC activation. In addition, we demonstrate that PSH enhances WIF1 expression and inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signalling via miR-17-5p, contributing to the suppression of HSC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chunxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 FuXue lane, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yating Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 FuXue lane, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 FuXue lane, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Boyu Lv
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wujun Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 FuXue lane, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Ausoni S, Azzarello G. Development of Cancer in Patients With Heart Failure: How Systemic Inflammation Can Lay the Groundwork. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:598384. [PMID: 33195486 PMCID: PMC7649135 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.598384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, cardiologists and oncologists have provided clinical and experimental evidence that cancer, and not only chemotherapeutic agents, can cause detrimental effects on heart structure and function, a consequence that has serious clinical implications for patient management. In parallel, the intriguing idea that heart failure (HF) may be an oncogenic condition has also received growing attention. A number of epidemiological and clinical studies have reported that patients with HF have a higher risk of developing cancer. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation has been proposed as a major pathophysiological process linking the failing heart to the multi-step process of carcinogenesis. According to this view, pro-inflammatory mediators secreted by the damaged heart generate a favorable milieu that promotes tumor development and accelerates malignant transformation. HF-associated inflammation synergizes with tumor-associated inflammation, so that over time it is no longer possible to distinguish the effects of one or the other. Experimental studies have just begun to search for the molecular effectors of this process, with the ultimate goal that of identifying mechanisms suitable for anti-cancer target therapy to reduce the risk of incident cancer in patients already affected by HF. In this review we critically discuss strengths and limitations of clinical and experimental studies that support a causal relationship between HF and cancer, and focus on HF-associated inflammation, cardiokines and their endocrine functions linking one and the other disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Ausoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Azzarello
- Local Health Unit 3 Serenissima, Department of Medical Oncology, Mirano Hospital, Venice, Italy
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30
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Khan K, Yu B, Kiwan C, Shalal Y, Filimon S, Cipro M, Shum-Tim D, Cecere R, Schwertani A. The Role of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Mediators in Aortic Valve Stenosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:862. [PMID: 33015048 PMCID: PMC7513845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is a prevailing and life-threatening cardiovascular disease in adults over 75 years of age. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the pathogenesis of AVS are yet to be fully unraveled. With accumulating evidence that Wnt signaling plays a key role in the development of AVS, the involvement of Wnt molecules has become an integral study target in AVS pathogenesis. Thus, we hypothesized that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway mediators, SFRP2, DVL2, GSK3β and β-catenin are dysregulated in patients with AVS. Using immunohistochemistry, Real-Time qPCR and Western blotting, we investigated the presence of SFRP2, GSK-3β, DVL2, and β-catenin in normal and stenotic human aortic valves. Markedly higher mRNA and protein expression of GSK-3β, DVL2, β-catenin and SFRP2 were found in stenotic aortic valves. This was further corroborated by observation of their abundant immunostaining, which displayed strong immunoreactivity in diseased aortic valves. Proteomic analyses of selective GSK3b inhibition in calcifying human aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVICs) revealed enrichment of proteins involved organophosphate metabolism, while reducing the activation of pathogenic biomolecular processes. Lastly, use of the potent calcification inhibitor, Fetuin A, in calcifying HAVICs significantly reduced the expression of Wnt signaling genes Wnt3a, Wnt5a, Wnt5b, and Wnt11. The current findings of altered expression of canonical Wnt signaling in AVS suggest a possible role for regulatory Wnts in AVS. Hence, future studies focused on targeting these molecules are warranted to underline their role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Khan
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bin Yu
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chrystina Kiwan
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yousif Shalal
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabin Filimon
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Megan Cipro
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique Shum-Tim
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Renzo Cecere
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adel Schwertani
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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31
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Wang M, Lessard SG, Singh P, Pannellini T, Chen T, Rourke BJ, Chowdhury L, Craveiro V, Sculco PK, Meulen MCH, Otero M. Knee fibrosis is associated with the development of osteoarthritis in a murine model of tibial compression. J Orthop Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jor.24815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi'an China
| | | | - Purva Singh
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
| | - Tania Pannellini
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
| | - Tony Chen
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
| | - Brennan J. Rourke
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
| | - Luvana Chowdhury
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
| | - Vinicius Craveiro
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
| | - Peter K. Sculco
- The Stavros Niarchos Foundation Complex Joint Reconstruction Center Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
| | - Marjolein C. H. Meulen
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University Ithaca New York
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell University Ithaca New York
| | - Miguel Otero
- HSS Research Institute Hospital for Special Surgery New York New York
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32
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Vatner DE, Oydanich M, Zhang J, Babici D, Vatner SF. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2, a novel mechanism to induce myocardial ischemic protection through angiogenesis. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:48. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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33
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Yousefi F, Shabaninejad Z, Vakili S, Derakhshan M, Movahedpour A, Dabiri H, Ghasemi Y, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Nikoozadeh A, Savardashtaki A, Mirzaei H, Hamblin MR. TGF-β and WNT signaling pathways in cardiac fibrosis: non-coding RNAs come into focus. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:87. [PMID: 32517807 PMCID: PMC7281690 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis describes the inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), leading to accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the cardiac muscle, which is found in many pathophysiological heart conditions. A range of molecular components and cellular pathways, have been implicated in its pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on the TGF-β and WNT signaling pathways, and their mutual interaction, which have emerged as important factors involved in cardiac pathophysiology. The molecular and cellular processes involved in the initiation and progression of cardiac fibrosis are summarized. We focus on TGF-β and WNT signaling in cardiac fibrosis, ECM production, and myofibroblast transformation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are one of the main players in the regulation of multiple pathways and cellular processes. MicroRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular long non-coding RNAs can all interact with the TGF-β/WNT signaling axis to affect cardiac fibrosis. A better understanding of these processes may lead to new approaches for diagnosis and treatment of many cardiac conditions. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yousefi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabaninejad
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Vakili
- Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student research committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Dabiri
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cell and Development Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azin Nikoozadeh
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine,Mashhad Univesity of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
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34
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Eid RA, Khalil MA, Alkhateeb MA, Eleawa SM, Zaki MSA, El-Kott AF, Al-Shraim M, El-Sayed F, Eldeen MA, Bin-Meferij MM, Awaji KME, Shatoor AS. Exendin-4 Attenuates Remodeling in the Remote Myocardium of Rats After an Acute Myocardial Infarction by Activating β-Arrestin-2, Protein Phosphatase 2A, and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 and Inhibiting β-Catenin. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 35:1095-1110. [PMID: 32474680 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study tested if the protective anti-remodeling effect of GLP-1 agonist Exendin-4 after an acute myocardial infarction (MI) in rats involves inhibition of the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway. METHODS Rats were divided into sham, sham + Exendin-4 (10 μg/day, i.p), MI, and MI + Exendin-4. MI was introduced to rats by permanent left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation. RESULTS On day 7 post-infraction, MI rats showed LV dysfunction with higher serum levels of cardiac markers. Their remote myocardia showed increased mRNA and protein levels of collagen I/III with higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, as well as protein levels of Wnt1, phospho-Akt, transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), Smad, phospho-Smad3, α-SMA, caspase-3, and Bax. They also showed higher protein levels of phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK3β), as well as total, phosphorylated, and nuclear β-catenin with a concomitant decrease in the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), mRNA of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and protein levels of Bcl-2, β-arrestin-2, and protein phosphatase-2 (PP2A). Administration of Exendin-4 to MI rats reduced the infarct size and reversed the aforementioned signaling molecules without altering protein levels of TGF-1β and Wnt1 or Akt activation. Interestingly, Exendin-4 increased mRNA levels of MnSOD, protein levels of β-arrestin-2 and PP2A, and β-catenin phosphorylation but reduced the phosphorylation of GSK3β and Smad3, and total β-catenin levels in the LV of control rats. CONCLUSION Exendin-4 inhibits the remodeling in the remote myocardium of rats following acute MI by attenuating β-catenin activation and activating β-arrestin-2, PP2A, and GSK3β. Graphical Abstract A graphical abstract that illustrates the mechanisms by which Exendin-4 inhibits cardiac remodeling in remote myocardium of left ventricle MI-induced rats. Mechanisms are assumed to occur in the cardiomyocytes and/or other resident cells such as fibroblast. Β-catenin activation and nuclear translocation are associated with increased synthesis of inflammatory cytokines and transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β1). GSK3β is inhibited by phosphorylation at Ser9. Under normal conditions, β-catenin is degraded in the cytoplasm by the active GSK3β-dependent degradation complex (un-phosphorylated) which usually phosphorylates β-catenin at Ser33/37/Thr41. After MI, TGF-β1, and Wnt 1 levels are significantly increased, the overproduction of Wnt1 induces β-catenin stabilization and nuclear translocation through increasing the phosphorylation of disheveled (DVL) protein which in turn phosphorylates and inhibits GSK3β. TGF-β1 stimulates the phosphorylation of Smad-3 and subsequent nuclear translocation to activate the transcription of collage 1/III and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Besides, TGF-β1 stabilizes cytoplasmic β-catenin levels indirectly by phosphorylation of Akt at Thr308-induced inhibition of GSK3β by increasing phosphorylation of Ser9. Exendin-4, and possibly through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), increases levels of cAMP and upregulates β-arrestin-2 levels. Both can result in a positive inotropic effect. Besides, β-arrestin-2 can stimulate PP2A to dephosphorylation Smad3 (inhibition) and GSK3β (activation), thus reduces fibrosis and prevents the activation of β-catenin and collagen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refaat A Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. 641, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Adnan Khalil
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A Alkhateeb
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy M Eleawa
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, PAAET, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Mohamed Samir Ahmed Zaki
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Attalla Farag El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mubarak Al-Shraim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. 641, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahmy El-Sayed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. 641, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Department of Biology, Physiology Section, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Khalid M E Awaji
- Clinical laboratories Department, Asser Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Shatoor
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still a factor of mortality in the whole world. Through canonical and noncanonical pathways and with different receptors, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an essential role in response to heart injuries. Wnt regulates the mobilization and proliferation of cells in endothelium and epicardium in an infarcted heart. Therefore, with its profibrotic effects as well as its antagonism with other proteins, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway leads to beneficial effects on fibrosis and cardiac remodeling in myocardium. In addition, Wnt increases the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac progenitors in an ischemic heart. Complex interactions and dual activity of Wnt, the changes in its expression, and mutations that can change its activity during heart development have an adverse effect on cardiac myocardium after injury. However, targeting the Wnt in myocardium with cellular and molecular pathways can be suggested to improve and repair ischemic heart. Given these challenges, in this review article, we deal with the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as well as its interactions with other cells and molecules in an ischemic myocardium.
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Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 and Extracellular Volume Fraction in Patients with Heart Failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2563508. [PMID: 32454934 PMCID: PMC7229555 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2563508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Quantification of extracellular volume (ECV) fraction by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a noninvasive diagnostic tool to assess myocardial fibrosis. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) appears to play an important role in cardiac fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the association between SFRP2 and myocardial fibrosis and the prognostic value of ECV fraction in patients with heart failure (HF). Methods In this prospective cohort study, 72 hospitalized adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with severe decompensated HF were included. CMR measurements and T1 mapping were performed to calculate ECV fraction. Serum SFRP2 level was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. All patients were followed up, and the primary outcomes were composite events including all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization. Results During the median follow-up of 12 months, 27 (37.5%) patients experienced primary outcome events and had higher levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), SFRP2, and ECV fraction compared with those without events. In Pearson correlation analysis, levels of SFRP2 (r = 0.33), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (r = 0.31), and hemoglobin A1c (r = 0.29) were associated with ECV fraction (all P < 0.05); however, in multivariate linear regression analysis, SFRP2 was the only significant factor determined for ECV fraction (rpartial = 0.33, P = 0.02). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, age (each 10 years, hazard ratio (HR) 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.22), ECV fraction (per doubling, HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.03–2.74), and NT-proBNP (per doubling, HR 2.46, 95% CI 1.05–5.76) were independent risk factors for primary outcomes. Conclusions Higher ECV fraction is associated with worsened prognosis in HF. SFRP2 is an independent biomarker for myocardial fibrosis. Further studies are needed to explore the potential therapeutic value of SFRP2 in myocardial fibrosis.
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Huang A, Huang Y. Role of Sfrps in cardiovascular disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320901990. [PMID: 32064070 PMCID: PMC6987486 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320901990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related proteins (Sfrps) are a family of secreted proteins that
bind extracellularly to Wnt ligands and frizzled receptors. This binding
modulates the Wnt signaling cascade, and Sfrps interact with their corresponding
receptors. Sfrps are thought to play an important role in the pathological
mechanism of cardiac disease such as myocardial infarction, cardiac remodeling,
and heart failure. However, the overall role of Sfrps in cardiac disease is
unknown. Some members of the Sfrps family modulate cellular apoptosis,
angiogenesis, differentiation, the inflammatory process, and cardiac remodeling.
In this review, we summarize the evidence of Sfrps association with cardiac
disease. We also discuss how multiple mechanisms may underlie Sfrps being
involved in such diverse pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China The George Institute for Global Health, NSW 2042, Australia
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Wu Y, Liu X, Zheng H, Zhu H, Mai W, Huang X, Huang Y. Multiple Roles of sFRP2 in Cardiac Development and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:730-738. [PMID: 32071544 PMCID: PMC7019133 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.40923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway plays important roles in organ development and disease processes. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2), a vital molecule of Wnt signaling, can regulate cardiac development and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have suggested that sFRP2 is not only an antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, but also has a more complex relationship in myocardial fibrosis, angiogenesis, cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac regeneration. Here, we review the role of sFRP2 and Wnt signaling in cardiac development and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazi Road 1 Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazi Road 1 Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China
| | - Haoxiao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazi Road 1 Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China
| | - Hailan Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazi Road 1 Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China
| | - Weiyi Mai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazi Road 1 Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazi Road 1 Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong, 528308, China.,The George Institute for Global Health, NSW 2042 Australia
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Blankesteijn WM. Interventions in WNT Signaling to Induce Cardiomyocyte Proliferation: Crosstalk with Other Pathways. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 97:90-101. [PMID: 31757861 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.118018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a frequent cardiovascular event and a major cause for cardiomyocyte loss. In adult mammals, cardiomyocytes are traditionally considered to be terminally differentiated cells, unable to proliferate. Therefore, the wound-healing response in the infarct area typically yields scar tissue rather than newly formed cardiomyocytes. In the last decade, several lines of evidence have challenged the lack of proliferative capacity of the differentiated cardiomyocyte: studies in zebrafish and neonatal mammals have convincingly demonstrated the regenerative capacity of cardiomyocytes. Moreover, multiple signaling pathways have been identified in these models that-when activated in adult mammalian cardiomyocytes-can reactivate the cell cycle in these cells. However, cardiomyocytes frequently exit the cell cycle before symmetric division into daughter cells, leading to polyploidy and multinucleation. Now that there is more insight into the reactivation of the cell cycle machinery, other prerequisites for successful symmetric division of cardiomyocytes, such as the control of sarcomere disassembly to allow cytokinesis, require more investigation. This review aims to discuss the signaling pathways involved in cardiomyocyte proliferation, with a specific focus on wingless/int-1 protein signaling. Comparing the conflicting results from in vitro and in vivo studies on this pathway illustrates that the interaction with other cells and structures around the infarct is likely to be essential to determine the outcome of these interventions. The extensive crosstalk with other pathways implicated in cardiomyocyte proliferation calls for the identification of nodal points in the cell signaling before cardiomyocyte proliferation can be moved forward toward clinical application as a cure of cardiac disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Evidence is mounting that proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes can be stimulated to repair injury of the heart. In this review article, an overview is provided of the different signaling pathways implicated in cardiomyocyte proliferation with emphasis on wingless/int-1 protein signaling, crosstalk between the pathways, and controversial results obtained in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Matthijs Blankesteijn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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40
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Hao K, Lei W, Wu H, Wu J, Yang Z, Yan S, Lu XA, Li J, Xia X, Han X, Deng W, Zhong G, Zhao ZA, Hu S. LncRNA- Safe contributes to cardiac fibrosis through Safe- Sfrp2-HuR complex in mouse myocardial infarction. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:7282-7297. [PMID: 31695768 PMCID: PMC6831303 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: As a hallmark of various heart diseases, cardiac fibrosis ultimately leads to end-stage heart failure. Anti-fibrosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for heart failure. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of heart diseases that promise to serve as therapeutic targets. However, few lncRNAs have been directly implicated in cardiac fibrosis. Methods: The lncRNA expression profiles were assessed by microarray in cardiac fibrotic and remote ventricular tissues in mice with myocardial infarction. The mechanisms and functional significance of lncRNA-AK137033 in cardiac fibrosis were further investigated with both in vitro and in vivo models. Results: We identified 389 differentially expressed lncRNAs in cardiac fibrotic and remote ventricular tissues in mice with myocardial infarction. Among them, a lncRNA (AK137033) we named Safe was enriched in the nuclei of fibroblasts, and elevated in both myocardial infarction and TGF-β-induced cardiac fibrosis. Knockdown of Safe prevented TGF-β-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, aberrant cell proliferation and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins in vitro, and mended the impaired cardiac function in mice suffering myocardial infarction. In vitro studies indicated that knockdown of Safe significantly inhibited the expression of its neighboring gene Sfrp2, and vice versa. The Sfrp2 overexpression obviously disturbed the regulatory effects of Safe shRNAs in both the in vitro cultured cardiac fibroblasts and myocardial infarction-induced fibrosis. Dual-Luciferase assay demonstrated that Safe and Sfrp2 mRNA stabilized each other via their complementary binding at the 3'-end. RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay indicated that RNA binding protein HuR could bind to Safe-Sfrp2 RNA duplex, whereas the knockdown of HuR dramatically reduced the stabilization of Safe and Sfrp2 mRNAs, down-regulated their expression in cardiac fibroblasts, and thus inhibited TGF-β-induced fibrosis. The Safe overexpression partially restrained the phenotype change of cardiac fibroblasts induced by Sfrp2 shRNAs, but not that induced by HuR shRNAs. Conclusions: Our study identifies Safe as a critical regulator of cardiac fibrosis, and demonstrates Safe-Sfrp2-HuR complex-mediated Sfrp2 mRNA stability is the underlying mechanism of Safe-regulated cardiac fibrosis. Fibroblast-enriched Safe could represent a novel target for anti-fibrotic therapy in heart diseases.
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Badimon L, Casaní L, Camino-Lopez S, Juan-Babot O, Borrell-Pages M. GSK3β inhibition and canonical Wnt signaling in mice hearts after myocardial ischemic damage. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218098. [PMID: 31220102 PMCID: PMC6586285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Myocardial infarction induces myocardial injury and tissue damage. During myocardial infarction strong cellular response is initiated to salvage the damaged tissues. This response is associated with the induction of different signaling pathways. Of these, the canonical Wnt signaling is increasingly important for its prosurvival cellular role, making it a good candidate for the search of new molecular targets to develop therapies to prevent heart failure in infarcted patients. Methods Herein we report that GSK3β regulates the canonical Wnt signaling in C57Bl6 mice hearts. GSK3β is a canonical Wnt pathway inhibitor. Using GSK3β inhibitors and inducing myocardial injury (MI) in Lrp5-/- mice model we show that GSK3β phosphorylation levels regulate downstream canonical Wnt pathway genes in the ischemic heart. In the setting of MI, myocardial damage assessment usually correlates with functional and clinical outcomes. Therefore, we measured myocardial injury size in Wt and Lrp5-/- mice in the presence and absence of two different GSK3 inhibitors prior to MI. Myocardial injury was independent of GSK3 inhibitor treatments and GSK3β expression levels. Results These studies support a central role for GSK3β in the activation of the canonical Wnt pathway in the Wt heart. Although LRP5 is protective against myocardial injury, GSK3β expression levels do not regulate heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l’-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l’-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Camino-Lopez
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l’-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Juan-Babot
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l’-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Borrell-Pages
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Institut de Recerca de l’-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Eguchi S, Takefuji M, Sakaguchi T, Ishihama S, Mori Y, Tsuda T, Takikawa T, Yoshida T, Ohashi K, Shimizu Y, Hayashida R, Kondo K, Bando YK, Ouchi N, Murohara T. Cardiomyocytes capture stem cell-derived, anti-apoptotic microRNA-214 via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in acute myocardial infarction. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11665-11674. [PMID: 31217281 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key mediators of intercellular communication that have the potential to improve cardiac function when used in cell-based therapy. However, the means by which cardiomyocytes respond to EVs remains unclear. Here, we sought to clarify the role of exosomes in improving cardiac function by investigating the effect of cardiomyocyte endocytosis of exosomes from mesenchymal stem cells on acute myocardial infarction (MI). Exposing cardiomyocytes to the culture supernatant of adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) prevented cardiomyocyte cell damage under hypoxia in vitro. In vivo, the injection of ADRCs into the heart simultaneous with coronary artery ligation decreased overall cardiac infarct area and prevented cardiac rupture after acute MI. Quantitative RT-PCR-based analysis of the expression of 35 known anti-apoptotic and secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) in ADRCs revealed that ADRCs express several of these miRNAs, among which miR-214 was the most abundant. Of note, miR-214 silencing in ADRCs significantly impaired the anti-apoptotic effects of the ADRC treatment on cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo To examine cardiomyocyte endocytosis of exosomes, we cultured the cardiomyocytes with ADRC-derived exosomes labeled with the fluorescent dye PKH67 and found that hypoxic culture conditions increased the levels of the labeled exosomes in cardiomyocytes. Chlorpromazine, an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, significantly suppressed the ADRC-induced decrease of hypoxia-damaged cardiomyocytes and also decreased hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte capture of both labeled EVs and extracellular miR-214 secreted from ADRCs. Our results indicate that clathrin-mediated endocytosis in cardiomyocytes plays a critical role in their uptake of circulating, exosome-associated miRNAs that inhibit apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Eguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Teruhiro Sakaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sohta Ishihama
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yu Mori
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsuda
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Takikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ryo Hayashida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kondo
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuko K Bando
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 65 Tsurumai, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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43
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Tong S, Ji Q, Du Y, Zhu X, Zhu C, Zhou Y. Sfrp5/Wnt Pathway: A Protective Regulatory System in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:472-482. [PMID: 31199714 PMCID: PMC6660834 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue stores energy and is the largest endocrine organ in the body, producing several adipokines. However, among these adipokines, few play a role in the positive metabolism that promotes good health. Secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp)-5, an antagonist that directly binds to Wnt, has attracted interest due to its favorable effects on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review focuses on Sfrp5 biology and the roles of the Sfrp5/Wnt system in ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tong
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Department of Cardiology, 12th ward, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,2Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Qingwei Ji
- 3Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Du
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Department of Cardiology, 12th ward, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhu
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Department of Cardiology, 12th ward, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Caizhong Zhu
- 2Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Department of Cardiology, 12th ward, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Clinical Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Martin B, Romero G, Salama G. Cardioprotective actions of relaxin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 487:45-53. [PMID: 30625345 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Relaxin is a hormone of pregnancy first discovered for its ability to induce ligament relaxation in nonpregnant guinea pig and is important for softening of the birth canal during parturition, decidualization, implantation, nipple development and increased maternal renal perfusion, glomerular filtration, and cardiac output. Subsequently, relaxin has been shown to exert multiple beneficial cardiovascular effects during pathological events such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure and myocardial infarction, including suppression of arrhythmia and inflammation, and reversal of fibrosis. Despite extensive studies, the mechanisms underlying relaxin's effects are not well understood. Relaxin signals primarily through its G protein coupled receptor, the relaxin family peptide receptor-1, to activate multiple signaling pathways and this review summarizes our understanding of these pathways as they relate to the cardioprotective actions of relaxin, focusing on relaxin's anti-fibrotic, anti-arrhythmic and anti-inflammatory properties. Further, this review includes a brief overview of relaxin in clinical trials for heart failure and progress in the development of relaxin mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Martin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Guillermo Romero
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Guy Salama
- Department of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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45
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ShamsEldeen AM, Ashour H, Shoukry HS, Fadel M, Kamar SS, Aabdelbaset M, Rashed LA, Ammar HI. Combined treatment with systemic resveratrol and resveratrol preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells, maximizes antifibrotic action in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10942-10963. [PMID: 30537190 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hend Ashour
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Heba Samy Shoukry
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Mostafa Fadel
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Endoscopy Unit, Animal Reproduction Research Institute Giza Egypt
| | - Samaa Samir Kamar
- Department of Medical Histology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | | | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Giza Egypt
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Zhu Q, Guo W, Zhang S, Feng Y, Wang X, Zhou L, Huang GR. Synergistic effect of PCPE1 and sFRP2 on the processing of procollagens via BMP1. FEBS Lett 2018; 593:119-127. [PMID: 30411347 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Procollagen processing is essential for organ development and tissue functions. Both procollagen C-proteinase enhancer 1 (PCPE1) and secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2) play vital roles in collagen formation via regulating the procollagen C-proteinase activity of bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1). However, whether the two proteins exert a synergistic effect on BMP1 activity remains unclear. Here, simultaneous knockdown of sFRP2 and PCPE1 led to less collagen formation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and dorsalized phenotypes in zebrafish embryos. Further studies revealed a direct interaction between the Frizzled domain of sFRP2 and the complement/Uegf/BMP-1 domain of PCPE1, which enhances the cleavage activity of BMP1 on procollagen. These results suggest that double silencing of sFRP2 and PCPE1 may provide a strategy for treating fibrosis diseases caused by collagen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Libin Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Guo-Ru Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.,National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China
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47
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Golob MJ, Massoudi D, Tabima DM, Johnston JL, Wolf GD, Hacker TA, Greenspan DS, Chesler NC. Cardiovascular function and structure are preserved despite induced ablation of BMP1-related proteinases. Cell Mol Bioeng 2018; 11:255-266. [PMID: 30123369 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-018-0534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1) is part of an extracellular metalloproteinase family that biosynthetically processes procollagen molecules. BMP1- and tolloid-like (TLL1) proteinases mediate the cleavage of carboxyl peptides from procollagen molecules, which is a crucial step in fibrillar collagen synthesis. Ablating the genes that encode BMP1-related proteinases (Bmp1 and Tll1) post-natally results in brittle bones, periodontal defects, and thin skin in conditional knockout (BTKO) mice. Despite the importance of collagen to cardiovascular tissues and the adverse effects of Bmp1 and Tll1 ablation in other tissues, the impact of Bmp1 and Tll1 ablation on cardiovascular performance is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of Bmp1- and Tll1-ablation in cardiovascular tissues by examining ventricular and vascular structure and function in BTKO mice. Methods Ventricular and vascular structure and function were comprehensively quantified in BTKO mice (n=9) and in age- and sex-matched controls (n=9). Echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and biaxial ex vivo arterial mechanical testing were performed to assess tissue function, and histological staining was used to measure collagen protein content. Results Bmp1- and Tll1-ablation resulted in maintained hemodynamics and cardiovascular function, preserved biaxial arterial compliance, and comparable ventricular and vascular collagen protein content. Conclusions Maintained ventricular and vascular structure and function despite post-natal ablation of Bmp1 and Tll1 suggests that there is an as-yet unidentified compensatory mechanism in cardiovascular tissues. In addition, these findings suggest that proteinases derived from Bmp1 and Tll1 post-natally have less of an impact on cardiovascular tissues compared to skeletal, periodontal, and dermal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Golob
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Engineering, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Dawiyat Massoudi
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Diana M Tabima
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Engineering, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - James L Johnston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Engineering, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Gregory D Wolf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Engineering, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Daniel S Greenspan
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Naomi C Chesler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Engineering, Madison, WI 53706 USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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Abstract
TGF-β family ligands function in inducing and patterning many tissues of the early vertebrate embryonic body plan. Nodal signaling is essential for the specification of mesendodermal tissues and the concurrent cellular movements of gastrulation. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling patterns tissues along the dorsal-ventral axis and simultaneously directs the cell movements of convergence and extension. After gastrulation, a second wave of Nodal signaling breaks the symmetry between the left and right sides of the embryo. During these processes, elaborate regulatory feedback between TGF-β ligands and their antagonists direct the proper specification and patterning of embryonic tissues. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the function and regulation of TGF-β family signaling in these processes. Although we cover principles that are involved in the development of all vertebrate embryos, we focus specifically on three popular model organisms: the mouse Mus musculus, the African clawed frog of the genus Xenopus, and the zebrafish Danio rerio, highlighting the similarities and differences between these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Zinski
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6058
| | - Benjamin Tajer
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6058
| | - Mary C Mullins
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6058
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Broughton KM, Wang BJ, Firouzi F, Khalafalla F, Dimmeler S, Fernandez-Aviles F, Sussman MA. Mechanisms of Cardiac Repair and Regeneration. Circ Res 2018; 122:1151-1163. [PMID: 29650632 PMCID: PMC6191043 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.312586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular regenerative therapies are pursued on both basic and translational levels. Although efficacy and value of cell therapy for myocardial regeneration can be debated, there is a consensus that profound deficits in mechanistic understanding limit advances, optimization, and implementation. In collaboration with the TACTICS (Transnational Alliance for Regenerative Therapies in Cardiovascular Syndromes), this review overviews several pivotal aspects of biological processes impinging on cardiac maintenance, repair, and regeneration. The goal of summarizing current mechanistic understanding is to prompt innovative directions for fundamental studies delineating cellular reparative and regenerative processes. Empowering myocardial regenerative interventions, whether dependent on endogenous processes or exogenously delivered repair agents, ultimately depends on mastering mechanisms and novel strategies that take advantage of rather than being limited by inherent myocardial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Broughton
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA (K.M.B., B.J.W., F.F., F.K., M.A.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany (S.D.); and Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (F.F.-A.)
| | - Bingyan J Wang
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA (K.M.B., B.J.W., F.F., F.K., M.A.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany (S.D.); and Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (F.F.-A.)
| | - Fareheh Firouzi
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA (K.M.B., B.J.W., F.F., F.K., M.A.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany (S.D.); and Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (F.F.-A.)
| | - Farid Khalafalla
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA (K.M.B., B.J.W., F.F., F.K., M.A.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany (S.D.); and Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (F.F.-A.)
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA (K.M.B., B.J.W., F.F., F.K., M.A.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany (S.D.); and Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (F.F.-A.)
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Aviles
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA (K.M.B., B.J.W., F.F., F.K., M.A.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany (S.D.); and Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (F.F.-A.)
| | - Mark A Sussman
- From the Department of Biology, San Diego State University Heart Institute and the Integrated Regenerative Research Institute, CA (K.M.B., B.J.W., F.F., F.K., M.A.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany (S.D.); and Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERCV and Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (F.F.-A.).
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50
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Vincent KM, Postovit LM. Matricellular proteins in cancer: a focus on secreted Frizzled-related proteins. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:103-112. [PMID: 28589318 PMCID: PMC5842174 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours are complex entities, wherein cancer cells interact with myriad soluble, insoluble and cell associated factors. These microenvironmental mediators regulate tumour growth, progression and metastasis, and are produced by cancer cells and by stromal components such as fibroblast, adipocytes and immune cells. Through their ability to bind to extracellular matrix proteins, cell surface receptors and growth factors, matricellular proteins enable a dynamic reciprocity between cancer cells and their microenvironment. Hence, matricellular proteins play a critical role in tumour progression by regulating where and when cancer cells are exposed to key growth factors and regulatory proteins. Recent studies suggest that, in addition to altering Wingless (Wnt) signalling, certain members of the Secreted Frizzled Related Protein (sFRP) family are matricellular in nature. In this review, we outline the importance of matricellular proteins in cancer, and discuss how sFRPs may function to both inhibit and promote cancer progression in a context-dependent manner. By considering the matricellular functionality of sFRPs, we may better understand their apparently paradoxical roles in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Marie Vincent
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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