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Zhang WC, Skiados N, Aftab F, Moreno C, Silva L, Corbilla PJA, Asara JM, Hata AN, Slack FJ. MicroRNA-21 guide and passenger strand regulation of adenylosuccinate lyase-mediated purine metabolism promotes transition to an EGFR-TKI-tolerant persister state. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1878-1894. [PMID: 35840668 PMCID: PMC9750876 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In EGFR-mutant lung cancer, drug-tolerant persister cells (DTPCs) show prolonged survival when receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatments. They are a likely source of drug resistance, but little is known about how these cells tolerate drugs. Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) molecules control cell growth and stress responses. Nucleic acid metabolism provides metabolites, such as purines, supporting RNA synthesis and downstream functions. Recently, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), have received attention due to their capacity to repress gene expression via inhibitory binding to downstream messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Here, our study links miRNA expression to purine metabolism and drug tolerance. MiR-21-5p (guide strand) is a commonly upregulated miRNA in disease states, including cancer and drug resistance. However, the expression and function of miR-21-3p (passenger strand) are not well understood. We found that upregulation of miR-21-5p and miR-21-3p tune purine metabolism leading to increased drug tolerance. Metabolomics data demonstrated that purine metabolism was the top pathway in the DTPCs compared with the parental cells. The changes in purine metabolites in the DTPCs were partially rescued by targeting miR-21. Analysis of protein levels in the DTPCs showed that reduced expression of adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) was reversed after the miR-21 knockdown. ADSL is an essential enzyme in the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway by converting succino-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (succino-AICAR or SAICAR) to AICAR (or acadesine) as well as adenylosuccinate to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). In the DTPCs, miR-21-5p and miR-21-3p repress ADSL expression. The levels of top decreased metabolite in the DTPCs, AICAR was reversed when miR-21 was blocked. AICAR induced oxidative stress, evidenced by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Concurrently, miR-21 knockdown induced ROS generation. Therapeutically, a combination of AICAR and osimertinib increased ROS levels and decreased osimertinib-induced NRF2 expression. In a MIR21 knockout mouse model, MIR21 loss-of-function led to increased purine metabolites but reduced ROS scavenging capacity in lung tissues in physiological conditions. Our data has established a link between ncRNAs, purine metabolism, and the redox imbalance pathway. This discovery will increase knowledge of the complexity of the regulatory RNA network and potentially enable novel therapeutic options for drug-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cai Zhang
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA.
| | - Nicholas Skiados
- Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Fareesa Aftab
- Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Cerena Moreno
- Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Luis Silva
- Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Paul Joshua Anthony Corbilla
- Department of Cancer Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Aaron N Hata
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Chaudhry T, Coxon CR, Ross K. Trading places: Peptide and small molecule alternatives to oligonucleotide-based modulation of microRNA expression. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103337. [PMID: 35995360 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is involved in the development and progression of various diseases, especially cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that small molecule and peptide agents can interfere with miRNA disease pathways. Despite this, very little is known about structural features that drive drug-miRNA interactions and subsequent inhibition. In this review, we highlight the advances made in the development of small molecule and peptide inhibitors of miRNA processing. Specifically, we attempt to draw attention to peptide features that may be critical for interaction with the miRNA secondary structure to regulate miRNA expression. We hope that this review will help to establish peptides as exciting miRNA expression modulators and will contribute towards the development of the first miRNA-targeting peptide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talhat Chaudhry
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; Institute for Health Research, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christopher R Coxon
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Kehinde Ross
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK; Institute for Health Research, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
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Long non-coding FAM201A accelerates the tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal cancer through miR-3163/MACC1 axis. Transl Oncol 2022; 25:101490. [PMID: 36067543 PMCID: PMC9468577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
FAM201A expression level was significantly enhanced in CRC cells. Knockdown of FAM201A restrained cell growth, stemness and promoted chemoresistance. FAM201A modulated MACC1 expression level via competing for miR-3163. Animal assay certified that FAM201A expedited CRC cell growth in vivo.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading contributor to cancer-relevant deaths worldwide with severe incidence and mortality. An extensive body of evidence has demonstrated that lncRNA plays a critical role in the oncogenicity of CRC. Despite the oncogenic function of FAM201A in esophageal squamous cell cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer, the potential of FAM201A in CRC progression remains unknown. FAM201A expression level was significantly enhanced in CRC cells compared with normal cells. Further, functional experiments illustrated that knockdown of FAM201A restrained cell growth, stemness and promoted chemoresistance of CRC cells. By exploring molecular mechanism of FAM201A, we found that FAM201A acted as a sponge of miR-3163. More importantly, oncogene MACC1 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-3163 and FAM201A modulated MACC1 expression level via competing for miR-3163. Subsequently, we testified that FAM201A exerted its role in the tumorigenesis and development of CRC through targeting miR-3163/MACC1. Animal assay certified that FAM201A expedited CRC cell growth in vivo. In conclusion, our study was the first to unveil that FAM201A promoted cell proliferation and CSC characteristics in CRC via regulation of the miR-3163/MACC1 axis, which provided clues for the clinical treatment of patients with this disease.
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Xie D, Xu P, Yuan C. miR-21 Regulates the Growth of Gastric Cancer Cells Through Targeting Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN). J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of death worldwide and the prognosis remains poor. Proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). We herein intended to explore the interaction of miR-21 and PTEN in GC. miR-21 inhibitor or negative control was
transfected into GC cells MGC-803 followed by analysis of miR-21 and PTEN level by RT-qPCR, PTEN protein level by western blot and cell growth by MTT and Hoechest-33342 staining. Treatment with miR-21 inhibitor reduced miR-21 expression and increased PTEN protein expression. miR-21 was negatively
associated with PTEN level. Moreover, downregulation of miR-21 decreased cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. In conclusion, miR-21 stimulates the malignant phenotypes of GC cells by negatively regulating PTEN expression, providing novel insight into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Xie
- Department of Abdominal Tumor Surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Bone Disease and Bone Tumor, Emergency Surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Qingdao Central Hospital Health Management Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266042, China
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Goenka A, Tiek DM, Song X, Iglesia RP, Lu M, Hu B, Cheng SY. The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Glioma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2031. [PMID: 36009578 PMCID: PMC9405925 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, research in cancer biology has been focused on the protein-coding fraction of the human genome. However, with the discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), it has become known that these entities not only function in numerous fundamental life processes such as growth, differentiation, and development, but also play critical roles in a wide spectrum of human diseases, including cancer. Dysregulated ncRNA expression is found to affect cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance, through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, or epigenetic processes in the cell. In this review, we focus on the recent development and advances in ncRNA biology that are pertinent to their role in glioma tumorigenesis and therapy response. Gliomas are common, and are the most aggressive type of primary tumors, which account for ~30% of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Of these, glioblastoma (GBM), which are grade IV tumors, are the most lethal brain tumors. Only 5% of GBM patients survive beyond five years upon diagnosis. Hence, a deeper understanding of the cellular non-coding transcriptome might help identify biomarkers and therapeutic agents for a better treatment of glioma. Here, we delve into the functional roles of microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) in glioma tumorigenesis, discuss the function of their extracellular counterparts, and highlight their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic agents in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Goenka
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Deanna Marie Tiek
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiao Song
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rebeca Piatniczka Iglesia
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Minghui Lu
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Master of Biotechnology Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at Northwestern Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Inhibitory Effect of miR-339-5p on Glioma through PTP4A1/HMGB1 Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2231195. [PMID: 35872698 PMCID: PMC9307383 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2231195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective Finding miR-339-5p inhibitory functions in glioma through PTP4A1/HMGB1 pathway. Methods From May 2020 to August 2021, 20 glioblastoma and para cancer tissues were chosen for qRT-PCR analysis. The miR-NC, miR-con, miR-339-5PMIMIC, and miR-con + groups were transfected into human glioma U251 cells. The capacity of cell vascular-like structure construction was found by simulating angiogenesis, and the ability of cell movement was examined by cell scratching. The twofold luciferase reporter gene method determined that miR-339-5p targets PTP4A1, and the protein expression levels of PTP4A1 and HMGB1 were examined using Western blot. Results MiR-339-5P expression was substantially lower in cancer samples than noncancer samples (P < 0.05). PTP4A1 expression in cancer samples was higher than in healthy controls (P < 0.05). The miR-339-5p group produced significantly less vascular-like structures than the NC and miR-con groups (P < 0.05). The miR-339-5p group lowered the invasive index and migratory rate of U251 cells (P < 0.05). PTP4A1 inhibited the luciferase activity of the pTP4A1-WT reporter gene (P < 0.05) but not the PTP4A1-MUT (P > 0.05). The miR-339-5p group had lower protein levels of PTP4A1 and HMGB1 than the NC and miR-con groups (P < 0.05). The development of vascular-like structures was substantially more significant in the miR-con +PTP4A1 group than in the miR-con and miR-339-5p +PTP4A1 groups (P < 0.05). In terms of migration and invasion index, there was a substantial difference between the miR-339-5p +PTP4A1 and the miR-con +PTP4A1 groups (P < 0.05). The miR-con +PTP4A1 group had a greater migration rate and invasive index than the miR-con and miR-339-5p +PTP4A1 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion MiR-339-5P inhibits angiogenic mimicry, migration, and invasion of brain glioma U251 cells by inhibiting the PTP4A1/HMGB1 signal pathway.
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The lncRNA B3GALT5-AS1 Functions as an HCC Suppressor by Regulating the miR-934/UFM1 Axis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:1776432. [PMID: 34721576 PMCID: PMC8550832 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1776432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is importantly related to the occurrence and development of cancer. According to reports, the expression of B3GALT5-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is downregulated; however, the role of B3GALT5-AS1 in HCC is not yet clear. In this study, our purpose is to explore the biological function of B3GALT5-AS1 in HCC and its coupling mechanism with miR-934 and ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1). We found that the B3GALT5-AS1 expression level was of significant reduction in both HCC tissues and cell lines; B3GALT5-AS1 overexpression (ov) may inhibit the malignant features of HCC. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-934 mimics could reverse the effect of B3GALT5-AS1 ov, which proved miR-934 was the downstream regulator of B3GALT5-AS1. Furthermore, si-UFM1 could reverse the effect of miR-934 inhibitor, which revealed the connection between them. Moreover, we found that B3GALT5-AS1 could keep down the PI3K/AKT pathway through UFM1. Our results demonstrated that B3GALT5-AS1 was an excellent HCC suppressant by regulating miR-934 and UFM1 to achieve negative regulation of HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, indicating that B3GALT5-AS1 is a promising potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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Crosstalk between Environmental Inflammatory Stimuli and Non-Coding RNA in Cancer Occurrence and Development. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174436. [PMID: 34503246 PMCID: PMC8430834 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Increasing evidence has indicated that chronic inflammatory processes have an influence on tumor occurrence and all stages of tumor development. A dramatic increase of studies into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) biology has shown that ncRNAs act as oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressors in various inflammation-induced cancers. Thus, this complex network of inflammation-associated cancers and ncRNAs offers targets for prevention from the malignant transformation from inflammation and treatment of malignant diseases. Abstract There is a clear relationship between inflammatory response and different stages of tumor development. Common inflammation-related carcinogens include viruses, bacteria, and environmental mutagens, such as air pollutants, toxic metals, and ultraviolet light. The expression pattern of ncRNA changes in a variety of disease conditions, including inflammation and cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a causative role in enhancing inflammatory stimulation and evading immune responses, which are particularly important in persistent pathogen infection and inflammation-to-cancer transformation. In this review, we investigated the mechanism of ncRNA expression imbalance in inflammation-related cancers. A better understanding of the function of inflammation-associated ncRNAs may help to reveal the potential of ncRNAs as a new therapeutic strategy.
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Yu Y, Zhang X, Liu F, Zhu P, Zhang L, Peng Y, Yan X, Li Y, Hua P, Liu C, Li Q, Zhang L. A stress-induced miR-31-CLOCK-ERK pathway is a key driver and therapeutic target for skin aging. NATURE AGING 2021; 1:795-809. [PMID: 37117623 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Regressive changes in epithelial stem cells underlie mammalian skin aging, but the driving mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report that mouse skin hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) aging is initiated by their intrinsic upregulation of miR-31, a microRNA that can be induced by physical injury or genotoxic stress and is also strongly upregulated in aged human skin epithelium. Using transgenic and conditional knockout mouse models plus a lineage-tracing technique, we show that miR-31 acts as a key driver of HFSC aging by directly targeting Clock, a core circadian clock gene whose deregulation activates a MAPK/ERK cascade to induce HFSC depletion via transepidermal elimination. Notably, blocking this pathway by either conditional miR-31 ablation or clinically approved MAPK/ERK inhibitors provides safe and effective protection against skin aging, enlightening a promising therapeutic avenue for treating skin aging and other genotoxic stress-induced skin conditions such as radiodermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengzhen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiying Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - You Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Hua
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyue Liu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Yuan S, Zhang P, Wen L, Jia S, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Guan L, Yu Z, Zhao L. miR-22 promotes stem cell traits via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:5799-5813. [PMID: 34345013 PMCID: PMC8484012 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the cancer stem cells (CSCs) are key culprits of cancer metastasis and drug resistance. Understanding mechanisms regulating the critical oncogenic pathways and CSCs function could reveal new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. We now report that miR-22, a miRNA critical for hair follicle stem/progenitor cell differentiation, promotes tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis by maintaining Wnt/β-catenin signaling and CSCs function. Mechanistically, we find that miR-22 facilitates β-catenin stabilization through directly repressing citrullinase PAD2. Moreover, miR-22 also relieves DKK1-mediated repression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by targeting a FosB-DDK1 transcriptional axis. miR-22 knockout mice showed attenuated Wnt/β-catenin activity and Lgr5+ CSCs penetrance, resulting in reduced occurrence, progression, and metastasis of chemically induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Clinically, miR-22 is abundantly expressed in human cSCC. Its expression is even further elevated in the CSCs proportion, which negatively correlates with PAD2 and FosB expression. Inhibition of miR-22 markedly suppressed cSCC progression and increased chemotherapy sensitivity in vitro and in xenograft mice. Together, our results revealed a novel miR-22-WNT-CSCs regulatory mechanism in cSCC and highlight the important clinical application prospects of miR-22, a common target molecule for Wnt/β-catenin signaling and CSCs, for patient stratification and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukai Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Peitao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, 300052, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqi Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Shikai Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Yufan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Lizhao Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, 100094, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, China.
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Yuan L, Xu H, Guo R, Lu T, Li X. Long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 alleviates bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity by regulating the miR-421/zinc finger protein564 (ZNF564) axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5231-5240. [PMID: 34414857 PMCID: PMC8806570 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1960776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to explore the biological role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ZFAS1 in bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. The levels of lncRNA ZFAS1, miR-421, and zinc finger protein 564 (ZNF564) were detected by RT-qPCR. MTT and TUNEL assays were utilized to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Caspase-3 activity was measured by the caspase-3 activity assay kit. The binding ability between miR-421 and ZFAS1 or ZNF564 was confirmed by Rip and dual-luciferase reporter assays. In this study, it was found that the levels of ZFAS1 and ZNF564 were gradually upregulated and miR-421 expression was downregulated with increasing concentrations of bupivacaine. Functional assays indicated that the silencing of ZFAS1 suppressed cell viability and facilitated cell apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells, while overexpression of ZFAS1 had the opposite effects. Moreover, it was identified that miR-421 was a target of ZFAS1, and ZFAS1 regulated the bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity via miR-421. In addition, we confirmed that ZNF564 was a downstream target of miR-421. The upregulation of miR-421 decreased the cell viability, and increased the cell apoptosis rate and caspase-3 activity, while the upregulation of ZND564 partially abolished these effects. Finally, it was demonstrated that ZFAS1 could upregulate the expression of ZNF564 by targeting miR-421. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that ZFAS1 alleviated bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity through the miR-421/ZNF564 axis, suggesting a new strategy for the amelioration of bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Houren Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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Chen Y, Fan Z, Wu Q. Dexmedetomidine improves oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) -induced neurological injury through regulating SNHG11/miR-324-3p/VEGFA axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:4794-4804. [PMID: 34334080 PMCID: PMC8806500 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1957071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects through various regulatory mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of SNHG11 in Dex-mediated neuroprotection. The ischemic stroke (IS) model was established in vivo by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and in vitro by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R)-treated SH-SY5Y. SNHG11 was highly expressed after OGD/R, and Dex improved OGD/R-induced neurological injury. Additionally, Dex reversed the effects of SNHG11 on OGD/R-induced neurological injury. Furthermore, we found that SNHG11 upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression by targeting miR-324-3p. Through rescue assays, it was confirmed that SNHG11 regulated OGD/R-induced neurological injury through increasing VEGFA expression. At last, Dex was also discovered to improve neurological injury through regulating SNHG11 in the rat model. In conclusion, our work demonstrated that Dex improved OGD/R-induced neurological injury via SNHG11/miR-324-3p/VEGFA axis. These findings may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for IS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiying Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingwei Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liu F, Zhang X, Peng Y, Zhang L, Yu Y, Hua P, Zhu P, Yan X, Li Y, Zhang L. miR-24 controls the regenerative competence of hair follicle progenitors by targeting Plk3. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109225. [PMID: 34107258 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a suitable level of sensitivity to environmental cues is crucial for proper function of adult stem cells. Here, we explore how the intrinsic sensitivity of skin hair follicle (HF) progenitors to growth stimuli is dynamically regulated. We discover miR-24 is an miRNA whose expression in HF progenitors inversely correlates with their growth potency in vivo. We show that its upregulation in adult skin epithelium leads to blunted responses of HF progenitors to growth cues and retards hair regeneration, while its conditional ablation leads to hyper-sensitized growth responsiveness of HF progenitors and precocious hair regeneration. Mechanistically, we find that miR-24 limits the intrinsic growth competence of HF progenitor by directly targeting Plk3, whose downregulation leads to reduced expression of CCNE1, a key cyclin for cell-cycle entry. These findings reveal an miRNA-mediated dynamic and cell-intrinsic mechanism used by HF progenitors to adapt their regenerative competence for different physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - You Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yao Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Peng Hua
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Peiying Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
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[CRISPR/Cas9-mediated microRNA-21 knockout increased imatinib sensitivity in chronic myeloid leukemia cells]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2021; 42:243-249. [PMID: 33910311 PMCID: PMC8081948 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
目的 观察microRNA-21(miR-21)敲除对耐伊马替尼的人慢性髓性白血病细胞株K562/G01细胞在增殖、药物敏感性等方面的影响,初步探讨miR-21影响K562/G01细胞伊马替尼敏感性的可能机制。 方法 运用CRISPR/Cas9技术敲除K562/G01细胞的miR-21,经PCR筛选、Sanger测序鉴定和实时定量PCR检测获得miR-21敲除的单细胞克隆。扩增培养后,采用MTT法、细胞克隆形成实验检测miR-21敲除对K562/G01细胞增殖的影响。使用伊马替尼处理细胞后,用MTT法和Annexin Ⅴ-APC/7-AAD双染流式细胞检测法观察敲除miR-21后K562/G01细胞对伊马替尼的敏感性的变化。Western blot法检测miR-21敲除前后K562/G01细胞PTEN、AKT、p-AKT、PI3K、p-PI3K、P210BCR-ABL、p-P210BCR-ABL蛋白表达量的变化。 结果 成功构建了3个miR-21敲除的K562/G01单细胞克隆,CRISPR/Cas9介导的突变效率为7.12%~8.11%。miR-21敲除使K562/G01细胞的增殖受抑,野生型和1#、2#、6#单细胞克隆的克隆形成率依次为(57.67±8.25)%、(26.94±5.36)%、(7.17±2.11)%、(31.50±3.65)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。miR-21敲除使K562/G01细胞对伊马替尼的敏感性增加,野生型和1#、2#、6#单细胞克隆对伊马替尼的IC50值分别为(21.92±1.36)µmol/ml、(3.98±0.39)µmol/ml、(5.38±1.01)µmol/ml、(9.24±1.36)µmol/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。miR-21敲除后,其靶基因PTEN的蛋白表达水平未见明显变化,但PI3K、AKT信号分子的活化受到抑制,并且P210BCR-ABL、p-P210BCR-ABL蛋白表达也下调。 结论 miR-21敲除抑制K562/G01细胞增殖,提高其对伊马替尼的敏感性,这可能是通过抑制PI3K/AKT信号通路和BCR-ABL表达实现的。
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Guan Y, Yang YJ, Nagarajan P, Ge Y. Transcriptional and signalling regulation of skin epithelial stem cells in homeostasis, wounds and cancer. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:529-545. [PMID: 33249665 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis and skin appendages are maintained by their resident epithelial stem cells, which undergo long-term self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. Upon injury, stem cells are activated to mediate re-epithelialization and restore tissue function. During this process, they often mount lineage plasticity and expand their fates in response to damage signals. Stem cell function is tightly controlled by transcription machineries and signalling transductions, many of which derail in degenerative, inflammatory and malignant dermatologic diseases. Here, by describing both well-characterized and newly emerged pathways, we discuss the transcriptional and signalling mechanisms governing skin epithelial homeostasis, wound repair and squamous cancer. Throughout, we highlight common themes underscoring epithelial stem cell plasticity and tissue-level crosstalk in the context of skin physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Guan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Youn Joo Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priyadharsini Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yejing Ge
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Zhang Y, Zhou YM, Zhang ZJ, Li X. miR-210 is a Serological Biomarker for Predicting Recurrence and Prognosis of Colon Carcinoma Patients with Liver Metastases After Radiofrequency Ablation Treatment. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9077-9085. [PMID: 33061602 PMCID: PMC7524199 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s267731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatic metastasis of colon carcinoma seriously affects the prognosis of patients, and miRNA has attracted much attention in predicting hepatic metastasis of colon carcinoma (CC). This research aimed to explore the predictive role of miR-210 in serum for recurrence and prognosis of CC patients with hepatic metastasis. Methods Altogether, 150 patients with liver metastases of CC (research group, RG) and 130 patients with non-metastatic of CC (control group, CG) admitted to People’s Hospital of Deyang City from March 2012 to March 2015 were obtained and their serum was collected. miR-210 in the RG and the CG, and miR-210 in the RG after radiofrequency ablation treatment were detected, the relationship between miR-210 and pathological parameters of CC patients with hepatic metastasis was analyzed, and patients in the RG were followed up for 5 years to analyze the recurrence, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was applied to test the predictive value of miR-210. Cox regression was applied to analyze the independent prognostic factors of patients. Results miR-210 in the RG was evidently higher than that in the CG, and AUC for distinguishing hepatic metastasis of CC was 0.907. miR-210 had a close correlation with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and pathological differentiation. After treatment, miR-210 in the RG was evidently reduced, and the serum was higher in patients with recurrence and with poor prognosis. AUC for predicting recurrence was 0.858, and AUC for predicting poor prognosis was 0.843. High miR-210 was closely related to lower 5-year OS and DFS and is also an independent prognostic factor affecting patients’ 5-year OS. Conclusion miR-210 is enhanced in hepatic metastasis of CC, which is a serological biomarker for predicting recurrence and prognosis of patients with hepatic metastasis of CC after radiofrequency ablation, and has great clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang City, Sichuan Province 618000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mei Zhou
- Outpatient Department, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang City, Sichuan Province, 618000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zu-Jian Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang City, Sichuan Province 618000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang City, Sichuan Province 618000, People's Republic of China
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Medley JC, Panzade G, Zinovyeva AY. microRNA strand selection: Unwinding the rules. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2020; 12:e1627. [PMID: 32954644 PMCID: PMC8047885 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play a central role in the regulation of gene expression by targeting specific mRNAs for degradation or translational repression. Each miRNA is post‐transcriptionally processed into a duplex comprising two strands. One of the two miRNA strands is selectively loaded into an Argonaute protein to form the miRNA‐Induced Silencing Complex (miRISC) in a process referred to as miRNA strand selection. The other strand is ejected from the complex and is subject to degradation. The target gene specificity of miRISC is determined by sequence complementarity between the Argonaute‐loaded miRNA strand and target mRNA. Each strand of the miRNA duplex has the capacity to be loaded into miRISC and possesses a unique seed sequence. Therefore, miRNA strand selection plays a defining role in dictating the specificity of miRISC toward its targets and provides a mechanism to alter gene expression in a switch‐like fashion. Aberrant strand selection can lead to altered gene regulation by miRISC and is observed in several human diseases including cancer. Previous and emerging data shape the rules governing miRNA strand selection and shed light on how these rules can be circumvented in various physiological and pathological contexts. This article is categorized under:RNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAs Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Medley
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Ganesh Panzade
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Anna Y Zinovyeva
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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18
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Müller S, Wedler A, Breuer J, Glaß M, Bley N, Lederer M, Haase J, Misiak C, Fuchs T, Ottmann A, Schmachtel T, Shalamova L, Ewe A, Aigner A, Rossbach O, Hüttelmaier S. Synthetic circular miR-21 RNA decoys enhance tumor suppressor expression and impair tumor growth in mice. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa014. [PMID: 34316687 PMCID: PMC8210135 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring circular RNAs efficiently impair miRNA functions. Synthetic circular RNAs may thus serve as potent agents for miRNA inhibition. Their therapeutic effect critically relies on (i) the identification of optimal miRNA targets, (ii) the optimization of decoy structures and (iii) the development of efficient formulations for their use as drugs. In this study, we extensively explored the functional relevance of miR-21-5p in cancer cells. Analyses of cancer transcriptomes reveal that miR-21-5p is the by far most abundant miRNA in human cancers. Deletion of the MIR21 locus in cancer-derived cells identifies several direct and indirect miR-21-5p targets, including major tumor suppressors with prognostic value across cancers. To impair miR-21-5p activities, we evaluate synthetic, circular RNA decoys containing four repetitive binding elements. In cancer cells, these decoys efficiently elevate tumor suppressor expression and impair tumor cell vitality. For their in vivo delivery, we for the first time evaluate the formulation of decoys in polyethylenimine (PEI)-based nanoparticles. We demonstrate that PEI/decoy nanoparticles lead to a significant inhibition of tumor growth in a lung adenocarcinoma xenograft mouse model via the upregulation of tumor suppressor expression. These findings introduce nanoparticle-delivered circular miRNA decoys as a powerful potential therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Müller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Alice Wedler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Janina Breuer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Markus Glaß
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Nadine Bley
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Marcell Lederer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Jacob Haase
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Claudia Misiak
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Tommy Fuchs
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Alina Ottmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Tessa Schmachtel
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lyudmila Shalamova
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander Ewe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Rossbach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section for Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
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High Throughput strategies Aimed at Closing the GAP in Our Knowledge of Rho GTPase Signaling. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061430. [PMID: 32526908 PMCID: PMC7348934 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery, Rho GTPases have emerged as key regulators of cytoskeletal dynamics. In humans, there are 20 Rho GTPases and more than 150 regulators that belong to the RhoGEF, RhoGAP, and RhoGDI families. Throughout development, Rho GTPases choregraph a plethora of cellular processes essential for cellular migration, cell–cell junctions, and cell polarity assembly. Rho GTPases are also significant mediators of cancer cell invasion. Nevertheless, to date only a few molecules from these intricate signaling networks have been studied in depth, which has prevented appreciation for the full scope of Rho GTPases’ biological functions. Given the large complexity involved, system level studies are required to fully grasp the extent of their biological roles and regulation. Recently, several groups have tackled this challenge by using proteomic approaches to map the full repertoire of Rho GTPases and Rho regulators protein interactions. These studies have provided in-depth understanding of Rho regulators specificity and have contributed to expand Rho GTPases’ effector portfolio. Additionally, new roles for understudied family members were unraveled using high throughput screening strategies using cell culture models and mouse embryos. In this review, we highlight theses latest large-scale efforts, and we discuss the emerging opportunities that may lead to the next wave of discoveries.
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Wu C, Tang G, Wang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Lu C, Zhang D, Li Y. Micro-RNA-21 rs1292037 A>G polymorphism can predict hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis (HCC), and plays a key role in cell proliferation and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in HCC cell model of IRI. Saudi Med J 2020; 41:383-392. [PMID: 32291425 PMCID: PMC7841620 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2020.4.24994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the predictive function of miR-21 rs1292037 A greater than G polymorphism in survival and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. METHODS The experiment was carried out between July 2018 and July 2019, whereas the prospective clinical study was carried out between January 2014 and January 2019. In this study, 62 HCC patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), 17 HCC patients without HBV, and 13 healthy controls were investigated. Micro-RNA-21 levels in the blood were identified using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and allele specific PCR for miR-21 rs1292037. Partial hepatectomy was performed in all patients, and the tumor development indicators and survival time were evaluated in a subsequent follow-up. Cell-based simulated IRI model of HCC huh7 cell line was used to determine the functions of miR-21 with respect to IRI and proliferation. RESULTS Micro-RNA-21 levels were significantly increased in HCC patients. Furthermore, an miR- 21 rs1292037 A greater than G polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with HCC prognosis and severity of liver injury after hepatectomy. In vitro study revealed that miR-21 might prevent IRI from occurring, and can induce proliferation in HCC huh7 cells. These functions of miR-21 were demonstrated to be triggered by IL-12A inhibition. CONCLUSION Micro-RNA-21 rs1292037 A greater than G polymorphism can predict IRI and tumor progression by regulating the miR-21/IL-12A.axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China. E-mail.
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Zhou Y, Huang Y, Hu K, Zhang Z, Yang J, Wang Z. HIF1A activates the transcription of lncRNA RAET1K to modulate hypoxia-induced glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via miR-100-5p. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:176. [PMID: 32152275 PMCID: PMC7062743 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2366-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the primary cause of cancer-related death. Metabolic change is the major characteristic of cancer. The present study attempted to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of HCC energy metabolism from the perspective of noncoding RNA regulation of HIF1A and LDHA. The expression of miR-100-5p expression was significantly suppressed in HCC tissue samples and HCC cell lines under 1% O2-induced hypoxia. miR-100-5p overexpression significantly suppressed hypoxia-induced increases in lactate concentration and glucose uptake. Exposure to 1% O2 induced HIF1A protein and reduced miR-100-5p expression, while HIF1A silencing dramatically rescued miR-100-5p expression upon 1% O2 exposure. In addition, 1% O2-induced increases in lactate concentration and glucose uptake were also suppressed by HIF1A silencing. Next, by analyzing available data in TCGA, we found that lncRNA RAET1K was correlated with HIF1A and miR-100-5p.LncRNA RAET1K could downregulate the expression of miR-100-5p by acting as a sponge, while HIF1A bound the lncRNA RAET1K promoter region to activate its transcription. LncRNA RAET1K silencing significantly suppressed HCC cell proliferation and invasion and also suppressed hypoxia-induced increases in lactate concentration and glucose uptake, while miR-100-5p inhibition reversed the effects of lncRNA RAET1K silencing on hypoxia-induced glycolysis in HCC cells. Finally, the expression of HIF1A, lncRNA RAET1K, and LDHA was upregulated in HCC tissue specimens; the expression of miR-100-5p was negatively related to HIF1A, lncRNA RAET1K, and LDHA; and HIF1A, lncRNA RAET1K, and LDHA were positively correlated with each other. In conclusion, the HIF1A/lncRNA RAET1K/miR-100-5p axis modulates hypoxia-induced glycolysis in HCC cells and might affect HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiajin Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Abstract
Aging manifests with architectural alteration and functional decline of multiple organs throughout an organism. In mammals, aged skin is accompanied by a marked reduction in hair cycling and appearance of bald patches, leading researchers to propose that hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are either lost, differentiate, or change to an epidermal fate during aging. Here, we employed single-cell RNA-sequencing to interrogate aging-related changes in the HFSCs. Surprisingly, although numbers declined, aging HFSCs were present, maintained their identity, and showed no overt signs of shifting to an epidermal fate. However, they did exhibit prevalent transcriptional changes particularly in extracellular matrix genes, and this was accompanied by profound structural perturbations in the aging SC niche. Moreover, marked age-related changes occurred in many nonepithelial cell types, including resident immune cells, sensory neurons, and arrector pili muscles. Each of these SC niche components has been shown to influence HF regeneration. When we performed skin injuries that are known to mobilize young HFSCs to exit their niche and regenerate HFs, we discovered that aged skin is defective at doing so. Interestingly, however, in transplantation assays in vivo, aged HFSCs regenerated HFs when supported with young dermis, while young HFSCs failed to regenerate HFs when combined with aged dermis. Together, our findings highlight the importance of SC:niche interactions and favor a model where youthfulness of the niche microenvironment plays a dominant role in dictating the properties of its SCs and tissue health and fitness.
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Mensà E, Guescini M, Giuliani A, Bacalini MG, Ramini D, Corleone G, Ferracin M, Fulgenzi G, Graciotti L, Prattichizzo F, Sorci L, Battistelli M, Monsurrò V, Bonfigli AR, Cardelli M, Recchioni R, Marcheselli F, Latini S, Maggio S, Fanelli M, Amatori S, Storci G, Ceriello A, Stocchi V, De Luca M, Magnani L, Rippo MR, Procopio AD, Sala C, Budimir I, Bassi C, Negrini M, Garagnani P, Franceschi C, Sabbatinelli J, Bonafè M, Olivieri F. Small extracellular vesicles deliver miR-21 and miR-217 as pro-senescence effectors to endothelial cells. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1725285. [PMID: 32158519 PMCID: PMC7048230 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1725285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of epigenetics in endothelial cell senescence is a cutting-edge topic in ageing research. However, little is known of the relative contribution to pro-senescence signal propagation provided by microRNAs shuttled by extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from senescent cells. Analysis of microRNA and DNA methylation profiles in non-senescent (control) and senescent (SEN) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and microRNA profiling of their cognate small EVs (sEVs) and large EVs demonstrated that SEN cells released a significantly greater sEV number than control cells. sEVs were enriched in miR-21-5p and miR-217, which target DNMT1 and SIRT1. Treatment of control cells with SEN sEVs induced a miR-21/miR-217-related impairment of DNMT1-SIRT1 expression, the reduction of proliferation markers, the acquisition of a senescent phenotype and a partial demethylation of the locus encoding for miR-21. MicroRNA profiling of sEVs from plasma of healthy subjects aged 40-100 years showed an inverse U-shaped age-related trend for miR-21-5p, consistent with senescence-associated biomarker profiles. Our findings suggest that miR-21-5p/miR-217 carried by SEN sEVs spread pro-senescence signals, affecting DNA methylation and cell replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Mensà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Deborah Ramini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Corleone
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Fulgenzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Graciotti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Sorci
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michela Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | | | | | - Maurizio Cardelli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rina Recchioni
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Latini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Maggio
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mirco Fanelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Molecular Pathology Laboratory “Paola”, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Fano, Italy
| | - Stefano Amatori
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Molecular Pathology Laboratory “Paola”, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Fano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Storci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Maria De Luca
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Luca Magnani
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Rita Rippo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Claudia Sala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Iva Budimir
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristian Bassi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery & Experimental Medicine, and Laboratory for the Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Tecnopolo, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery & Experimental Medicine, and Laboratory for the Technologies of Advanced Therapies, Tecnopolo, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Personal Genomics S.r.l., Verona, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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24
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Wang L, Wei Z, Wu K, Dai W, Zhang C, Peng J, He Y. Long noncoding RNA B3GALT5-AS1 suppresses colon cancer liver metastasis via repressing microRNA-203. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3662-3682. [PMID: 30530918 PMCID: PMC6326654 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in various cancers, including colon cancer. Liver metastasis is the main cause of colon cancer-related death. However, the roles of lncRNAs in colon cancer liver metastasis are still largely unclear. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA B3GALT5-AS1, which is reduced in colon cancer tissues and further reduced in colon cancer liver metastasis tissues. Reduced expression of B3GALT5-AS1 is associated with liver metastasis and poor outcome of colon cancer patients. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays revealed that B3GALT5-AS1 inhibited proliferation but promoted migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. Further investigation revealed that B3GALT5-AS1 directly bound to the promoter of miRNA-203, repressed miR-203 expression, upregulated miR-203 targets ZEB2 and SNAI2, and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vivo study revealed that B3GALT5-AS1 suppressed colon cancer liver metastasis via its binding on miR-203 promoter and the repression of miR-203. miR-203 is increased and epithelial phenotype is preferred in colon cancer liver metastasis tissues. Collectively, our data revealed the suppressive roles of B3GALT5-AS1/miR-203/EMT regulation axis in colon cancer liver metastasis. Our data suggested that the activating B3GALT5-AS1/miR-203/EMT axis may be potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhewei Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kaiming Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weigang Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianjun Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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25
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Lee SWL, Paoletti C, Campisi M, Osaki T, Adriani G, Kamm RD, Mattu C, Chiono V. MicroRNA delivery through nanoparticles. J Control Release 2019; 313:80-95. [PMID: 31622695 PMCID: PMC6900258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are attracting a growing interest in the scientific community due to their central role in the etiology of major diseases. On the other hand, nanoparticle carriers offer unprecedented opportunities for cell specific controlled delivery of miRNAs for therapeutic purposes. This review critically discusses the use of nanoparticles for the delivery of miRNA-based therapeutics in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders and for tissue regeneration. A fresh perspective is presented on the design and characterization of nanocarriers to accelerate translation from basic research to clinical application of miRNA-nanoparticles. Main challenges in the engineering of miRNA-loaded nanoparticles are discussed, and key application examples are highlighted to underline their therapeutic potential for effective and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Wei Ling Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research & Technology (SMART), BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM), Singapore, Singapore(3); Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore(3); Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore(3)
| | - Camilla Paoletti
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Campisi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Tatsuya Osaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Technology Square, Room NE47-321, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan(3)
| | - Giulia Adriani
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore(3); Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research & Technology (SMART), BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM), Singapore, Singapore(3); Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Technology Square, Room NE47-321, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Technology Square, Room NE47-321, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Clara Mattu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
| | - Valeria Chiono
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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26
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Sandulache VC, Lei YL, Heasley LE, Chang M, Amos CI, Sturgis EM, Graboyes E, Chiao EY, Rogus-Pulia N, Lewis J, Madabhushi A, Frederick MJ, Sabichi A, Ittmann M, Yarbrough WG, Chung CH, Ferrarotto R, Mai W, Skinner HD, Duvvuri U, Gerngross P, Sikora AG. Innovations in risk-stratification and treatment of Veterans with oropharynx cancer; roadmap of the 2019 Field Based Meeting. Oral Oncol 2019; 102:104440. [PMID: 31648864 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V C Sandulache
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; ENT Section, Operative Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Y L Lei
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - L E Heasley
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - M Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - C I Amos
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - E M Sturgis
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - E Graboyes
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - E Y Chiao
- Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - N Rogus-Pulia
- Speech Pathology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, WI, United States; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - J Lewis
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - A Madabhushi
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - M J Frederick
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - A Sabichi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Medical Care Line, Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - M Ittmann
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Pathology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - W G Yarbrough
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - C H Chung
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - R Ferrarotto
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Weiyuan Mai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - H D Skinner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - U Duvvuri
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; ENT Section, Operative Care Line, Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - P Gerngross
- Dental Service Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - A G Sikora
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; ENT Section, Operative Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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27
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Abstract
For many years, major differences in morphology, motility, and mechanical characteristics have been observed between transformed cancer and normal cells. In this review, we consider these differences as linked to different states of normal and transformed cells that involve distinct mechanosensing and motility pathways. There is a strong correlation between repeated tissue healing and/or inflammation and the probability of cancer, both of which involve growth in adult tissues. Many factors are likely needed to enable growth, including the loss of rigidity sensing, but recent evidence indicates that microRNAs have important roles in causing the depletion of growth-suppressing proteins. One microRNA, miR-21, is overexpressed in many different tissues during both healing and cancer. Normal cells can become transformed by the depletion of cytoskeletal proteins that results in the loss of mechanosensing, particularly rigidity sensing. Conversely, the transformed state can be reversed by the expression of cytoskeletal proteins-without direct alteration of hormone receptor levels. In this review, we consider the different stereotypical forms of motility and mechanosensory systems. A major difference between normal and transformed cells involves a sensitivity of transformed cells to mechanical perturbations. Thus, understanding the different mechanical characteristics of transformed cells may enable new approaches to treating wound healing and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sheetz
- Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411
- Molecular MechanoMedicine Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA;
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28
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Laurin M, Gomez NC, Levorse J, Sendoel A, Sribour M, Fuchs E. An RNAi screen unravels the complexities of Rho GTPase networks in skin morphogenesis. eLife 2019; 8:e50226. [PMID: 31556874 PMCID: PMC6768663 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During mammalian embryogenesis, extensive cellular remodeling is needed for tissue morphogenesis. As effectors of cytoskeletal dynamics, Rho GTPases and their regulators are likely involved, but their daunting complexity has hindered progress in dissecting their functions. We overcome this hurdle by employing high throughput in utero RNAi-mediated screening to identify key Rho regulators of skin morphogenesis. Our screen unveiled hitherto unrecognized roles for Rho-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling events that impact hair follicle specification, differentiation, downgrowth and planar cell polarity. Coupling our top hit with gain/loss-of-function genetics, interactome proteomics and tissue imaging, we show that RHOU, an atypical Rho, governs the cytoskeletal-junction dynamics that establish columnar shape and planar cell polarity in epidermal progenitors. Conversely, RHOU downregulation is required to remodel to a conical cellular shape that enables hair bud invagination and downgrowth. Our findings underscore the power of coupling screens with proteomics to unravel the physiological significance of complex gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Laurin
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and DevelopmentHoward Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Nicholas C Gomez
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and DevelopmentHoward Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - John Levorse
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and DevelopmentHoward Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ataman Sendoel
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and DevelopmentHoward Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Megan Sribour
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and DevelopmentHoward Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and DevelopmentHoward Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
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29
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Dai X, Kaushik AC, Zhang J. The Emerging Role of Major Regulatory RNAs in Cancer Control. Front Oncol 2019; 9:920. [PMID: 31608229 PMCID: PMC6771296 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations and personal variations of RNA interactions have been mechanistically coupled with disease etiology and phenotypical variations. RNA biomarkers, RNA mimics, and RNA antagonists have been developed for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic uses. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are two major types of RNA molecules with regulatory roles, deregulation of which has been implicated in the initiation and progression of many human malignancies. Accumulating evidence indicated the clinical roles of regulatory RNAs in cancer control, stimulating a surge in exploring the functionalities of regulatory RNAs for improved understanding on disease pathogenesis and management. In this review, we highlight the critical roles of lncRNAs and miRNAs played in tumorigenesis, scrutinize their potential functionalities as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets in clinics, outline opportunities that ncRNAs may bring to complement current clinical practice for improved cancer management and identify challenges faced by translating frontier knowledge on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to bedside clinics as well as possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Aman Chandra Kaushik
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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30
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Zhao M, Zhu N, Hao F, Song Y, Wang Z, Ni Y, Ding L. The Regulatory Role of Non-coding RNAs on Programmed Cell Death Four in Inflammation and Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:919. [PMID: 31620370 PMCID: PMC6759660 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a tumor suppressor gene implicated in many cellular functions, including transcription, translation, apoptosis, and the modulation of different signal transduction pathways. The downstream mechanisms of PDCD4 have been well-discussed, but its upstream regulators have not been systematically summarized. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are gene transcripts with no protein-coding potential but play a pivotal role in the regulation of the pathogenesis of solid tumors, cardiac injury, and inflamed tissue. In recent studies, many ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), were found to interact with PDCD4 to manipulate its expression through transcriptional regulation and function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. For example, miR-21, as a classic oncogene, was identified as the key regulator of PDCD4 by targeting its 3′-untranslated region (UTR) to promote tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion in colon, breast, and bladder carcinoma. Therefore, we reviewed the recently emerging pleiotropic regulation of PDCD4 by ncRNAs in cancer and inflammatory disorders and aimed to shed light on the mechanisms of associated diseases, which could be conducive to the development of novel treatment strategies for PDCD4-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiang Zhao
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nisha Zhu
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengyao Hao
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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31
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Maximov VV, Akkawi R, Khawaled S, Salah Z, Jaber L, Barhoum A, Or O, Galasso M, Kurek KC, Yavin E, Aqeilan RI. MiR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p possess strong tumor suppressive and antimetastatic properties in osteosarcoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3052-3063. [PMID: 31018244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive malignancy affecting mostly children and adolescents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in OS development and progression. Here we found that miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p "passenger" strands, as well as the "lead" miR-16-5p strand, are frequently downregulated and possess strong tumor suppressive functions in human OS. Furthermore, we report different although strongly overlapping functions for miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p in OS cells. Ectopic expression of these miRNAs affected primary tumor growth, metastasis seeding and chemoresistance and invasiveness of human OS cells. Loss-of-function experiments verified tumor suppressive functions of these miRNAs at endogenous levels of expression. Using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, we identify direct targets of miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p in OS cells. Moreover, validation experiments identified FGFR2 as a direct target for miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p. Overall, our findings underscore the importance of passenger strand miRNAs, at least some, in osteosarcomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V Maximov
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rania Akkawi
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Saleh Khawaled
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zaidoun Salah
- Al Quds-Bard College, Al-Quds University, Al-Bireh, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Lina Jaber
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ahlam Barhoum
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omer Or
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marco Galasso
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Kyle C Kurek
- Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital & Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eylon Yavin
- The Institute for Drug Research, The School of Pharmacy, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rami I Aqeilan
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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32
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Sun T, Zhao Q, Zhang C, Cao L, Song M, Maimela NR, Liu S, Wang J, Gao Q, Qin G, Wang L, Zhang Y. Screening common signaling pathways associated with drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer via gene expression profile analysis. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3059-3071. [PMID: 31025554 PMCID: PMC6558586 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Although several therapeutic strategies have been employed to curb lung cancer, the survival rate is still poor owing to the development of drug resistance. The mechanisms underlying drug resistance development are incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to identify the common signaling pathways involved in drug resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Three published transcriptome microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database comprising different drug‐resistant cell lines and their parental cell lines. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. An overlapping analysis was performed for KEGG pathways enriched from all the three datasets to identify the common signaling pathways. As a result, we found that metabolic pathways, ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis, and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling were the most aberrantly expressed signaling pathways. The knockdown of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the gene involved in metabolic pathways and known to be upregulated in drug‐resistant tumor cells, was shown to increase the apoptosis of cisplatin‐resistant A549 cells following cisplatin treatment. Thus, our results provide an in‐depth analysis of the signaling pathways that are commonly altered in drug‐resistant NSCLC cell lines and highlight the potential strategy that facilitates the development of interventions to interfere with upregulated signaling pathways as well as to boost downregulated signaling pathways in drug‐resistant tumors for the elimination of multiple resistance of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qitai Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Cao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengjia Song
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guohui Qin
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Engineering Key Laboratory for Cell Therapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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33
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Li X, Yu X, He Y, Meng Y, Liang J, Huang L, Du H, Wang X, Liu W. Integrated Analysis of MicroRNA (miRNA) and mRNA Profiles Reveals Reduced Correlation between MicroRNA and Target Gene in Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1972606. [PMID: 30627543 PMCID: PMC6304515 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1972606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidences demonstrated that microRNA-target gene pairs were closely related to tumorigenesis and development. However, the correlation between miRNA and target gene was insufficiently understood, especially its changes between tumor and normal tissues. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of correlation of miRNAs-target pairs between normal and tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS 5680 mRNA and 5740 miRNA expression profiles of 11 major human cancers were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The 11 cancer types were bladder urothelial carcinoma, breast invasive carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, kidney chromophobe, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, liver hepatocellular carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, stomach adenocarcinoma, and thyroid carcinoma. For each cancer type, we firstly obtained differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and genes (DEGs) in tumor and then acquired critical miRNA-target gene pairs by combining DEMs, DEGs and two experimentally validated miRNA-target interaction databases, miRTarBase and miRecords. We collected samples with both miRNA and mRNA expression values and performed a correlation analysis by Pearson method for miRNA-target pairs in normal and tumor, respectively. RESULTS We totally got 4743 critical miRNA-target pairs across 11 cancer types, and 4572 of them showed weaker correlation in tumor than in normal. The average correlation coefficients of miRNA-target pairs were different greatly between normal (-0.38 ~ -0.61) and tumor (-0.04 ~ -0.26) for 11 cancer type. The pan-cancer network, which consisted of 108 edges connecting 35 miRNAs and 89 target genes, showed the interactions of pairs appeared in multicancers. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive analysis revealed that correlation between miRNAs and target genes was greatly reduced in tumor and these critical pairs we got were involved in cellular adhesion, proliferation, and migration. Our research could provide opportunities for investigating cancer molecular regulatory mechanism and seeking therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingsong Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaokang Yu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting He
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhuan Meng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsheng Liang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhen Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongli Du
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueping Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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34
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Li W, Zhang T, Guo L, Huang L. Regulation of PTEN expression by noncoding RNAs. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:223. [PMID: 30217221 PMCID: PMC6138891 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) triggers a battery of intracellular signaling pathways, especially PI3K/Akt, playing important roles in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, such as cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, cardiovascular dysfunction and so on. Therefore PTEN might be a biomarker for various diseases, and targeting the abnormal expression level of PTEN is anticipated to offer novel therapeutic avenues. Recently, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to regulate protein expression, and it is definite that PTEN expression is controlled by ncRNAs epigenetically or posttranscriptionally as well. Herein, we provide a review on current understandings of the regulation of PTEN by ncRNAs, which could contribute to the development of novel approaches to the diseases with abnormal expression of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianying Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044 People’s Republic of China
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35
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Abstract
Gene therapy has emerged as an alternative in the treatment of cancer, particularly in cases of resistance to chemo and radiotherapy. Different approaches to deliver genetic material to tumor tissues have been proposed, including the use of small non-coding RNAs due to their multiple mechanisms of action. However, such promise has shown limits in in vivo application related to RNA's biological instability and stimulation of immunity, urging the development of systems able to overcome those barriers. In this review, we discuss the use of RNA interference in cancer therapy with special attention to the role of siRNA and miRNA and to the challenges of their delivery in vivo. We introduce a promising class of drug delivery system known as micelle-like nanoparticles and explore their synthesis and advantages for gene therapy as well as the recent findings in in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies.
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36
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Yu X, Cao Y, Tang L, Yang Y, Chen F, Xia J. Baicalein inhibits breast cancer growth via activating a novel isoform of the long noncoding RNA PAX8-AS1-N. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6842-6856. [PMID: 29693272 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Baicalein, a natural flavonoid, has fascinating anti-cancer properties in breast cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of transcripts with no protein-coding potential, also exhibit critical roles in breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating the anti-cancer properties of baicalein and whether lncRNAs are involved in the anti-cancer effects are still unclear. In this study, we identified a novel isoform of lncRNA PAX8-AS1 (PAX8-AS1-N), which is activated by baicalein in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Functional assays showed that PAX8-AS1-N reduced cell viability, inhibited cell-cycle progression, and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro. Depletion of PAX8-AS1-N promoted breast xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, depletion of PAX8-AS1-N attenuated the suppressive roles of baicalein on cell viability, the apoptosis induced by baicalein, and also the suppressive roles of baicalein on tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, PAX8-AS1-N bound to miR-17-5p, and up-regulated miR-17-5p targets, such as PTEN, CDKN1A, and ZBTB4. In addition, PAX8-AS1-N was down-regulated in breast cancer and reduced expression of PAX8-AS1-N indicated poor survival of breast cancer patients. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that PAX8-AS1-N activation mediated the anti-cancer effects of baicalein via regulating miR-17-5p, and suggested that baicalein and enhancing PAX8-AS1-N would be potential therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Tang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingcheng Yang
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Experimental Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiyi Xia
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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37
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Hua S, Liu C, Liu L, Wu D. miR-142-3p inhibits aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma via targeting LDHA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:947-954. [PMID: 29360449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are addictively dependent on glycolysis even in an oxygen-rich condition. However, the mechanism underlying micro (mi)RNA regulation of aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of miR-142-3p was lower in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as compared to adjacent non-tumor samples, which was confirmed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HCC cohorts and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Function and pathway analysis showed that miR-142-3p was most relevent with metabolism. As predicted, the overexpression of miR-142-3p inhibited aerobic glycolysis and thus proliferation of HCC cells. Mechanistically, we identified lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), one of the important catalyticase for aerobic glycolysis, as the target of miR-142-3p. Exogenous expression of miR-142-3p reduced the protein levels of LDHA in both SK-Hep-1 and Huh7 cells. Dual luciferase report assays showed the expression of LDHA was directly modulated by miR-142-3p. miR-142-3p-induced deduction of aerobic glycolysis and proliferation were reversed by LDHA overexpression. Taken together, these results indicate that miR-142-3p could act as a tumor suppressor in HCC by targeting LDHA, suggesting new therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengni Hua
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Chengdong Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Dehua Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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38
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MicroRNA-Based Drugs for Brain Tumors. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:222-238. [PMID: 29506672 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulatory elements encoded by the genome. A single miRNA can downregulate the expression of multiple genes involved in diverse functions. Because cancer is a disease with multiple gene aberrations, developing novel approaches to identify and modulate miRNA pathways may result in a breakthrough for cancer treatment. With a special focus on glioblastoma (GBM), this review provides an up-to-date summary of miRNA biogenesis, the role of miRNA in cancer resistance, and essential tools for modulating miRNA expression, as well as of clinically promising RNAi delivery systems and how they can be adapted for therapy.
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39
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Zhang A, Shang W, Nie Q, Li T, Li S. Long non-coding RNA H19 suppresses retinoblastoma progression via counteracting miR-17-92 cluster. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:3497-3509. [PMID: 29143996 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are frequently dysregulated and play important roles in many cancers. lncRNA H19 is one of the earliest discovered lncRNAs which has diverse roles in different cancers. However, the expression, roles, and action mechanisms of H19 in retinoblastoma are still largely unknown. In this study, we found that H19 is downregulated in retinoblastoma tissues and cell lines. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays showed that H19 inhibits retinoblastoma cell proliferation, induces retinoblastoma cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, we identified seven miR-17-92 cluster binding sites on H19, and found that H19 directly bound to miR-17-92 cluster via these seven binding sites. Through binding to miR-17-92 cluster, H19 relieves the suppressing roles of miR-17-92 cluster on p21. Furthermore, H19 represses STAT3 activation induced by miR-17-92 cluster. Hence, our results revealed that H19 upregulates p21 expression, inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation, and downregulates the expression of STAT3 target genes BCL2, BCL2L1, and BIRC5. In addition, functional assays demonstrated that the mutation of miR-17-92 cluster binding sites on H19 abolished the proliferation inhibiting, cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis inducing roles of H19 in retinoblastoma. In conclusion, our data suggested that H19 inhibits retinoblastoma progression via counteracting the roles of miR-17-92 cluster, and implied that enhancing the action of H19 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Liaocheng Brain Hospital of Liaocheng City People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Weiwei Shang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Liaocheng City People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Qiaoli Nie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ji'nan 2nd People's Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Women and Children Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Suhui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weifang No.2 People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
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40
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Chen C, Zhou L, Wang H, Chen J, Li W, Liu W, Shen M, Liu H, Fu X. Long noncoding RNA CNALPTC1 promotes cell proliferation and migration of papillary thyroid cancer via sponging miR-30 family. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:192-206. [PMID: 29416932 PMCID: PMC5794733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several somatic copy number variations (CNVs) have been identified in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the functional roles of CNVs and the genes responsible for the roles of CNVs are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CNALPTC1 (copy number amplified long noncoding RNA in papillary thyroid cancer 1). The genomic copy number of CNALPTC1 is amplified and CNALPTC1 expression level is up-regulated in PTC. Increased expression of CNALPTC1 is associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays revealed that CNALPTC1 promotes proliferation and migration of PTC cells, and inhibits apoptosis of PTC cells. Mechanistically, we found that CNALPTC1 physically associates to miR-30 family and down-regulates miR-30 expression. Furthermore, CNALPTC1 up-regulates the expression of miR-30 targets, such as BCL9, SNAI1, and VIM. The mutation of miR-30 binding site on CNALPTC1 or overexpression of miR-30 abrogates the oncogenic roles of CNALPTC1 in PTC. Collectively, our results suggested that the copy number amplified lncRNA CNALPTC1 promotes PTC progression via sponging miR-30 family. Our data also implied that CNALPTC1 may be a novel therapeutic target for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunrong Chen
- Department of ICU, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Department of ICU, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of ICU, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junnian Chen
- Department of ICU, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of ICU, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of ICU, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mingjie Shen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Hongzhou Liu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, China
- Pediatrics Department, Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA
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41
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Ross K. Towards topical microRNA-directed therapy for epidermal disorders. J Control Release 2017; 269:136-147. [PMID: 29133119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There remains an unmet dermatological need for innovative topical agents that achieve better longterm outcomes with fewer side effects. Modulation of the expression and activity of microRNA (miRNAs) represents an emerging translational framework for the development of such innovative therapies because changes in the expression of one miRNA can have wide-ranging effects on diverse cellular processes associated with disease. In this short review, the roles of miRNA in epidermal development, psoriasis, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and re-epithelisation are highlighted. Consideration is given to the delivery of oligonucleotides that mimic or inhibit miRNA function using vehicles such as cell penetrating peptides, spherical nucleic acids, deformable liposomes and liquid crystalline nanodispersions. Formulation of miRNA-directed oligonucleotides with such skin-penetrating epidermal agents will drive the development of RNA-based cutaneous therapeutics for deployment as primary or adjuvant therapies for epidermal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde Ross
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom.
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42
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Chen Z, Lin J, Wu S, Xu C, Chen F, Huang Z. Up-regulated miR-548k promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via targeting long noncoding RNA-LET. Exp Cell Res 2017; 362:90-101. [PMID: 29126868 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated noncoding RNAs have been observed in diverse cancers. MIR458K is frequently amplified in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the expression, clinical significances, and action mechanisms of miR-548k in ESCC are still unclear. In this study, we found that miR-548k is significantly up-regulated in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Up-regulated miR-548k expression is significantly correlated with advanced invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and poor overall survival. Gain-of- and loss-of-function assays demonstrated that miR-548k promotes the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that miR-548k directly targets and represses the expression of long noncoding RNA-LET (lncRNA-LET), and further down-regulates p53 and up-regulates NF90. In addition, we found that lncRNA-LET is down-regulated and inversely correlated with miR-548k in ESCC. Down-regulated lncRNA-LET also indicated poor overall survival of ESCC patients. Functional assays demonstrated that lncRNA-LET inhibits the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells, and the effects of miR-548k on ESCC are dependent on the negative regulation of lncRNA-LET. In summary, our data revealed the critical roles of miR-548k-lncRNA-LET regulation axis in ESCC and suggested that the miR-548k-lncRNA-LET regulation axis may be promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Jianqing Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Shuhua Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Chunhao Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China.
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43
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Cui C, Zhai D, Cai L, Duan Q, Xie L, Yu J. Long Noncoding RNA HEIH Promotes Colorectal Cancer Tumorigenesis via Counteracting miR-939‒Mediated Transcriptional Repression of Bcl-xL. Cancer Res Treat 2017; 50:992-1008. [PMID: 29081216 PMCID: PMC6056985 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2017.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Studies have found that long noncoding RNA HEIH (lncRNA-HEIH) is upregulated and facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth. However, its clinical significances, roles, and action mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unidentified. Materials and Methods lncRNA-HEIH expression in CRC tissues and cell lines was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell CountingKit-8, ethynyl deoxyuridine incorporation assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining, and nude mice xenografts assays were performed to investigate the roles of lncRNA-HEIH. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays were performed to investigate the action mechanisms of lncRNA-HEIH. Results In this study, we found that lncRNA-HEIH is significantly increased in CRC tissues and cell lines. lncRNA-HEIH expression is positively associated with tumor size, invasion depth, and poor prognosis of CRC patients. Enhanced expression of lncRNA-HEIH promotes CRC cell proliferation and decreases apoptosis in vitro, and promotes CRC tumor growth in vivo. Whereas knockdown of lncRNA-HEIH inhibits CRC cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in vitro, and suppresses CRC tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, lncRNA-HEIH physically binds to miR-939. The interaction between lncRNA-HEIH and miR-939 damages the binding between miR-939 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), increases the binding of NF-κB to Bcl-xL promoter, and promotes the transcription and expression of Bcl-xL. Moreover, Bcl-xL expression is positively associatedwith lncRNA-HEIH in CRC tissues. Blocking the interaction between lncRNA-HEIH and miR-939 abolishes the effects of lncRNA-HEIH on CRC tumorigenesis. Conclusion This study demonstrated that lncRNA-HEIH promotes CRC tumorigenesis through counteracting miR-939‒mediated transcriptional repression of Bcl-xL, and suggested that lncRNA-HEIH may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duanyang Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianxu Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaobin Duan
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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44
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MicroRNA-21 inhibits mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in keloid. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92914-92925. [PMID: 29190966 PMCID: PMC5696232 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 acts as an oncogene by promoting cell proliferation and migration, whereas inhibiting apoptosis in majority of cancers. MicroRNA-21 is upregulated in human keloid fibroblasts. We hypothesized that microRNA-21 may contribute to pathogenesis of keloid fibroblasts. First, enhanced miR-21 but reduced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis observed in keloid tissues indicated its importance in keloids development. Second, upregulation of microRNA-21 induced a decrease in the ratio of BAX to BCL-2 and suppressed mitochondrial fission in keloid fibroblasts. Third, by attenuating the decline in cellular mitochondrial membrane potential, overexpression of miR-21 suppressed cytochrome c release to the cytoplasm, followed by a decrease in the activity of intracellular caspase-9 and caspase-3, suggesting that mitochondrial-mediated proapoptotic pathway was impaired. Simultaneously, intracellular reactive oxygen species were decreased, indicating microRNA-21 undermined oxidative stress. This phenotype was reversed by miR-21 inhibition. Therefore, our study demonstrates that inhibition of microRNA-21 induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in keloid fibroblasts, proposing microRNA-21 as a potential therapeutic target in keloid fibroblasts.
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45
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Xu L, Xu Q, Li X, Zhang X. MicroRNA-21 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells via tumor necrosis factor-α. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4659-4663. [PMID: 28765959 PMCID: PMC5647022 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells are regulated by a variety of microRNAs (miRs). miR-21 can inhibit the apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) serves an important role in the induction of proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that the expression level of miR-21 is associated with TNF-α expression in alveolar macrophages. However, to the best of our knowledge, whether miR-21 regulates TNF-α in cervical cells has not been reported. The present study was designed to investigate whether miR-21 regulates TNF-α expression, proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. miR-21, miR-21 inhibitor and control miRNA were synthesized and transfected into HeLa cervical cancer cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression levels of miR-21 and TNF-α at the mRNA level. Western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of TNF-α at the protein level. MTT assay and Hoechest-33342 staining were used to measure the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa cells. miR-21 was identified to upregulate the mRNA and protein expression levels of TNF-α. Furthermore, upregulation of TNF-α enhanced the proliferation capability of HeLa cells. Changes in the expression levels of miR-21 and TNF-α did not significantly affect the apoptosis of Hela cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR-21 regulates the expression of TNF-α in HeLa cells. Additionally, the expression level of TNF-α was positively associated with the proliferation capability of Hela cells, but not apoptosis. Therefore, miR-21 regulates the proliferation of HeLa cells through regulation of TNF-α. These results provide novel potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Department of Science and Education, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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46
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Espadinha AS, Prouzet-Mauléon V, Claverol S, Lagarde V, Bonneu M, Mahon FX, Cardinaud B. A tyrosine kinase-STAT5-miR21-PDCD4 regulatory axis in chronic and acute myeloid leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:76174-76188. [PMID: 29100302 PMCID: PMC5652696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulators of several key patho-physiological processes, including cell cycle and apoptosis. Using microarray-based miRNA profiling in K562 cells, a model of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), we found that the oncoprotein BCR-ABL1 regulates the expression of miR-21, an “onco-microRNA”, found to be overexpressed in several cancers. This effect relies on the presence of two STAT binding sites on the promoter of miR-21, and on the phosphorylation status of STAT5, a transcription factor activated by the kinase activity of BCR-ABL1. Mir-21 regulates the expression of PDCD4 (programmed cell death protein 4), a tumor suppressor identified through a proteomics approach. The phosphoSTAT5 — miR-21 — PDCD4 pathway was active in CML primary CD34+ cells, but also in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) models like MV4.11 and MOLM13, where the constitutively active tyrosine kinase FLT3-ITD plays a similar role to BCR-ABL1 in the K562 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Espadinha
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1035, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1218, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Prouzet-Mauléon
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1035, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1218, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Valérie Lagarde
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1035, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1218, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marc Bonneu
- University of Bordeaux, Plateforme Protéome, CGFB, Bordeaux, France.,Bordeaux Institut National Polytechnique, Bordeaux, France
| | - François-Xavier Mahon
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1035, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1218, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bruno Cardinaud
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1035, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1218, Bordeaux, France.,Bordeaux Institut National Polytechnique, Bordeaux, France
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47
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Ge Y, Gomez NC, Adam RC, Nikolova M, Yang H, Verma A, Lu CPJ, Polak L, Yuan S, Elemento O, Fuchs E. Stem Cell Lineage Infidelity Drives Wound Repair and Cancer. Cell 2017; 169:636-650.e14. [PMID: 28434617 PMCID: PMC5510746 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue stem cells contribute to tissue regeneration and wound repair through cellular programs that can be hijacked by cancer cells. Here, we investigate such a phenomenon in skin, where during homeostasis, stem cells of the epidermis and hair follicle fuel their respective tissues. We find that breakdown of stem cell lineage confinement-granting privileges associated with both fates-is not only hallmark but also functional in cancer development. We show that lineage plasticity is critical in wound repair, where it operates transiently to redirect fates. Investigating mechanism, we discover that irrespective of cellular origin, lineage infidelity occurs in wounding when stress-responsive enhancers become activated and override homeostatic enhancers that govern lineage specificity. In cancer, stress-responsive transcription factor levels rise, causing lineage commanders to reach excess. When lineage and stress factors collaborate, they activate oncogenic enhancers that distinguish cancers from wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejing Ge
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicholas C Gomez
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rene C Adam
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Maria Nikolova
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hanseul Yang
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Akanksha Verma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Catherine Pei-Ju Lu
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lisa Polak
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shaopeng Yuan
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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48
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Bottai G, Truffi M, Corsi F, Santarpia L. Progress in nonviral gene therapy for breast cancer and what comes next? Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:595-611. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1305351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bottai
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Marta Truffi
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Milan, “Luigi Sacco” Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Surgery Division, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Milan, “Luigi Sacco” Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Libero Santarpia
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
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49
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Adams BD, Parsons C, Walker L, Zhang WC, Slack FJ. Targeting noncoding RNAs in disease. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:761-771. [PMID: 28248199 DOI: 10.1172/jci84424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many RNA species have been identified as important players in the development of chronic diseases, including cancer. Over the past decade, numerous studies have highlighted how regulatory RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the development of a disease state. It is clear that the aberrant expression of miRNAs promotes tumor initiation and progression, is linked with cardiac dysfunction, allows for the improper physiological response in maintaining glucose and insulin levels, and can prevent the appropriate integration of neuronal networks, resulting in neurodegenerative disorders. Because of this, there has been a major effort to therapeutically target these noncoding RNAs. In just the past 5 years, over 100 antisense oligonucleotide-based therapies have been tested in phase I clinical trials, a quarter of which have reached phase II/III. Most notable are fomivirsen and mipomersen, which have received FDA approval to treat cytomegalovirus retinitis and high blood cholesterol, respectively. The continued improvement of innovative RNA modifications and delivery entities, such as nanoparticles, will aid in the development of future RNA-based therapeutics for a broader range of chronic diseases. Here we summarize the latest promises and challenges of targeting noncoding RNAs in disease.
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MESH Headings
- Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic
- Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
- Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/drug therapy
- Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/genetics
- Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/antagonists & inhibitors
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy
- Neurodegenerative Diseases/genetics
- Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense/genetics
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense/therapeutic use
- RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
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50
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Degueurce G, D'Errico I, Pich C, Ibberson M, Schütz F, Montagner A, Sgandurra M, Mury L, Jafari P, Boda A, Meunier J, Rezzonico R, Brembilla NC, Hohl D, Kolios A, Hofbauer G, Xenarios I, Michalik L. Identification of a novel PPARβ/δ/miR-21-3p axis in UV-induced skin inflammation. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:919-36. [PMID: 27250636 PMCID: PMC4967944 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201505384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although excessive exposure to UV is widely recognized as a major factor leading to skin perturbations and cancer, the complex mechanisms underlying inflammatory skin disorders resulting from UV exposure remain incompletely characterized. The nuclear hormone receptor PPARβ/δ is known to control mouse cutaneous repair and UV-induced skin cancer development. Here, we describe a novel PPARβ/δ-dependent molecular cascade involving TGFβ1 and miR-21-3p, which is activated in the epidermis in response to UV exposure. We establish that the passenger miRNA miR-21-3p, that we identify as a novel UV-induced miRNA in the epidermis, plays a pro-inflammatory function in keratinocytes and that its high level of expression in human skin is associated with psoriasis and squamous cell carcinomas. Finally, we provide evidence that inhibition of miR-21-3p reduces UV-induced cutaneous inflammation in ex vivo human skin biopsies, thereby underlining the clinical relevance of miRNA-based topical therapies for cutaneous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Degueurce
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilenia D'Errico
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Pich
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Ibberson
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Schütz
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- INRA ToxAlim, Integrative Toxicology and Metabolism, UMR1331, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Sgandurra
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Mury
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paris Jafari
- Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Service of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Akash Boda
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Meunier
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roger Rezzonico
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR 7275, Valbonne, France
| | - Nicolò Costantino Brembilla
- Dermatology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Geneva Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hohl
- Service de dermatologie et venereology, Hôpital de Beaumont CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonios Kolios
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Günther Hofbauer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Xenarios
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liliane Michalik
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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