1
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Han N, Wang Y, Su BL. Unveiling oscillatory nature for sustainable fuel production. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae068. [PMID: 38577665 PMCID: PMC10989655 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Han
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, China
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, Belgium
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, China
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2
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Wenzel S, Boden D, van Lent R, Motaee E, Prabhu MK, Achour H, Groot IMN. Spectroscopic investigation of a Co(0001) model catalyst during exposure to H 2 and CO at near-ambient pressures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25094-25104. [PMID: 37498615 PMCID: PMC10528786 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02739b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt catalysts, although already used industrially for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, are prone to a number of deactivation mechanisms such as oxidation of the active phase, and the deposition of carbon and reaction products. We have performed near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on Co(0001) model catalysts during exposure to gases relevant to Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, i.e., CO and H2, at 0.25 mbar total pressure. At this pressure, CO seems to be more efficient at keeping the Co(0001) surface metallic than H2, which is the opposite behavior as reported in the literature for other pressure ranges. We offer an interpretation of these differences based on the preferred adsorption and dissociation sites of CO and H2 compared to the oxidizing agent water (present as impurity in the gas feed and one of the products of the reaction). Additionally, detailed carbon spectra measured at the HIPPIE beamline of MAX IV allow for the distinction of different adsorbed species: CO and COx species are present in correlation to the presence of oxygen on the surface. Carbidic carbon and graphitic carbon can both be removed by hydrogen, whereas adsorbed hydrocarbons possibly poison the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Wenzel
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Dajo Boden
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Richard van Lent
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Elahe Motaee
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Mahesh K Prabhu
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Hamed Achour
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Irene M N Groot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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3
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Lee SW, Luna ML, Berdunov N, Wan W, Kunze S, Shaikhutdinov S, Cuenya BR. Unraveling surface structures of gallium promoted transition metal catalysts in CO 2 hydrogenation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4649. [PMID: 37532720 PMCID: PMC10397205 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallium-containing alloys have recently been reported to hydrogenate CO2 to methanol at ambient pressures. However, a full understanding of the Ga-promoted catalysts is still missing due to the lack of information about the surface structures formed under reaction conditions. Here, we employed near ambient pressure scanning tunneling microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to monitor the evolution of well-defined Cu-Ga surfaces during CO2 hydrogenation. We show the formation of two-dimensional Ga(III) oxide islands embedded into the Cu surface in the reaction atmosphere. The islands are a few atomic layers in thickness and considerably differ from bulk Ga2O3 polymorphs. Such a complex structure, which could not be determined with conventional characterization methods on powder catalysts, should be used for elucidating the reaction mechanism on the Ga-promoted metal catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Woo Lee
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mauricio Lopez Luna
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolay Berdunov
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weiming Wan
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kunze
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shamil Shaikhutdinov
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Zou Z, Sala A, Panighel M, Tosi E, Lacovig P, Lizzit S, Scardamaglia M, Kokkonen E, Cepek C, Africh C, Comelli G, Günther S, Patera LL. In Situ Observation of C-C Coupling and Step Poisoning During the Growth of Hydrocarbon Chains on Ni(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213295. [PMID: 36325959 PMCID: PMC10108169 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of high-value fuels and plastics starting from small hydrocarbon molecules plays a central role in the current transition towards renewable energy. However, the detailed mechanisms driving the growth of hydrocarbon chains remain to a large extent unknown. Here we investigated the formation of hydrocarbon chains resulting from acetylene polymerization on a Ni(111) model catalyst surface. Exploiting X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy up to near-ambient pressures, the intermediate species and reaction products have been identified. Complementary in situ scanning tunneling microscopy observations shed light onto the C-C coupling mechanism. While the step edges of the metal catalyst are commonly assumed to be the active sites for the C-C coupling, we showed that the polymerization occurs instead on the flat terraces of the metallic surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zou
- CNR-IOM Materials Foundry Institute, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sala
- CNR-IOM Materials Foundry Institute, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mirco Panighel
- CNR-IOM Materials Foundry Institute, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Esko Kokkonen
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cinzia Cepek
- CNR-IOM Materials Foundry Institute, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Comelli
- CNR-IOM Materials Foundry Institute, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Physics, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sebastian Günther
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Laerte L Patera
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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5
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Golder KM, Wintterlin J. In Situ/Operando STM of the Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis on a Co(101̅15) Surface─A Study to Bridge the Materials Gap between Single-Crystal Models and Supported Catalysts. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M. Golder
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Joost Wintterlin
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
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6
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Yang Z, Gura L, Kalaß F, Marschalik P, Brinker M, Kirstaedter W, Hartmann J, Thielsch G, Junkes H, Heyde M, Freund HJ. A high-speed variable-temperature ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope with spiral scan capabilities. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:053704. [PMID: 35649753 DOI: 10.1063/5.0079868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and development of a variable-temperature high-speed scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The setup consists of a two-chamber ultra-high vacuum system, including a preparation and a main chamber. The preparation chamber is equipped with standard preparation tools for sample cleaning and film growth. The main chamber hosts the STM that is located within a continuous flow cryostat for counter-cooling during high-temperature measurements. The microscope body is compact, rigid, and highly symmetric to ensure vibrational stability and low thermal drift. We designed a hybrid scanner made of two independent tube piezos for slow and fast scanning, respectively. A commercial STM controller is used for slow scanning, while a high-speed Versa Module Eurocard bus system controls fast scanning. Here, we implement non-conventional spiral geometries for high-speed scanning, which consist of smooth sine and cosine signals created by an arbitrary waveform generator. The tip scans in a quasi-constant height mode, where the logarithm of the tunneling current signal can be regarded as roughly proportional to the surface topography. Scan control and data acquisition have been programmed in the experimental physics and industrial control system framework. With the spiral scans, we atomically resolved diffusion processes of oxygen atoms on the Ru(0001) surface and achieved a time resolution of 8.3 ms per frame at different temperatures. Variable-temperature measurements reveal an influence of the temperature on the oxygen diffusion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechao Yang
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Gura
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kalaß
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrik Marschalik
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Brinker
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - William Kirstaedter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Hartmann
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gero Thielsch
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz Junkes
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Heyde
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Freund
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Li L, Yang B, Gao B, Wang Y, Zhang L, Ishihara T, Qi W, Guo L. CO2 hydrogenation selectivity shift over In-Co binary oxides catalysts: Catalytic mechanism and structure-property relationship. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Wang Y, Yang X, Xiao L, Qi Y, Yang J, Zhu YA, Holmen A, Xiao W, Chen D. Descriptor-Based Microkinetic Modeling and Catalyst Screening for CO Hydrogenation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ling Xiao
- UNILAB, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanying Qi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Yi-An Zhu
- UNILAB, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Anders Holmen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Wende Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong-Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - De Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
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9
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Liu X, Liu J, Yang Y, Li YW, Wen X. Theoretical Perspectives on the Modulation of Carbon on Transition-Metal Catalysts for Conversion of Carbon-Containing Resources. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, People’s Republic of China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, People’s Republic of China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, People’s Republic of China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd., Beijing 101400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Wang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, People’s Republic of China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd., Beijing 101400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, People’s Republic of China
- The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd., Beijing 101400, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Goodwin CM, Alexander JD, Weston M, Degerman D, Shipilin M, Loemker P, Amann P. A Novel Method to Maintain the Sample Position and Pressure in Differentially Pumped Systems Below the Resolution Limit of Optical Microscopy Techniques. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 75:137-144. [PMID: 32597682 PMCID: PMC7859668 DOI: 10.1177/0003702820942798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a new method to maintain constant gas pressure over a sample during in situ measurements. The example shown here is a differentially pumped high-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system, but this technique could be applied to many in situ instruments. By using the pressure of the differential stage as a feedback source to change the sample position, a new level of consistency has been achieved. Depending on the absolute value of the sample-to-aperture distance, this technique allows one to maintain the distance within several hundred nanometers, which is below the limit of typical optical microscopy systems. We show that this method is well suited to compensate for thermal drift. Thus, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data can be acquired continuously while the sample is heated and maintaining constant pressure over the sample. By implementing a precise manipulator feedback system, pressure variations of less than 5% were reached while the temperature was varied by 400 ℃. The system is also shown to be highly stable under significant changes in gas flow. After changing the flow by a factor of two, the pressure returned to the set value within 60 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Goodwin
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University,
AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John D. Alexander
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University,
AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew Weston
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University,
AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Degerman
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University,
AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Shipilin
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University,
AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick Loemker
- Photon Science, Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Amann
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University,
AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Abstract
This is a Review of recent studies on surface structures of crystalline materials in the presence of gases in the mTorr to atmospheric pressure range, which brings surface science into a brand new direction. Surface structure is not only a property of the material but also depends on the environment surrounding it. This Review emphasizes that high/ambient pressure goes hand-in-hand with ambient temperature, because weakly interacting species can be densely covering surfaces at room temperature only when in equilibrium with a sufficiently high gas pressure. At the same time, ambient temperatures help overcome activation barriers that impede diffusion and reactions. Even species with weak binding energy can have residence lifetimes on the surface that allow them to trigger reconstructions of the atomic structure. The consequences of this are far from trivial because under ambient conditions the structure of the surface dynamically adapts to its environment and as a result completely new structures are often formed. This new era of surface science emerged and spread rapidly after the retooling of characterization techniques that happened in the last two decades. This Review is focused on the new surface structures enabled particularly by one of the new tools: high-pressure scanning tunneling microscopy. We will cover several important surfaces that have been intensely scrutinized, including transition metals, oxides, and alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Salmeron
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Baran Eren
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
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12
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13
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Böller B, Zeller P, Günther S, Wintterlin J. High-Pressure CO Phases on Co(0001) and Their Possible Role in the Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Böller
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Zeller
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS14−km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sebastian Günther
- Fakultät für Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Joost Wintterlin
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
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14
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Disk-Shaped Cobalt Nanocrystals as Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalysts Under Industrially Relevant Conditions. Top Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-020-01270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractColloidal synthesis of metal nanocrystals (NC) offers control over size, crystal structure and shape of nanoparticles, making it a promising method to synthesize model catalysts to investigate structure-performance relationships. Here, we investigated the synthesis of disk-shaped Co-NC, their deposition on a support and performance in the Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis under industrially relevant conditions. From the NC synthesis, either spheres only or a mixture of disk-shaped and spherical Co-NC was obtained. The disks had an average diameter of 15 nm, a thickness of 4 nm and consisted of hcp Co exposing (0001) on the base planes. The spheres were 11 nm on average and consisted of ε-Co. After mild oxidation, the CoO-NC were deposited on SiO2 with numerically 66% of the NC being disk-shaped. After reduction, the catalyst with spherical plus disk-shaped Co-NC had 50% lower intrinsic activity for FT synthesis (20 bar, 220 °C, H2/CO = 2 v/v) than the catalyst with spherical NC only, while C5+-selectivity was similar. Surprisingly, the Co-NC morphology was unchanged after catalysis. Using XPS it was established that nitrogen-containing ligands were largely removed and in situ XRD revealed that both catalysts consisted of 65% hcp Co and 21 or 32% fcc Co during FT. Furthermore, 3–5 nm polycrystalline domains were observed. Through exclusion of several phenomena, we tentatively conclude that the high fraction of (0001) facets in disk-shaped Co-NC decrease FT activity and, although very challenging to pursue, that metal nanoparticle shape effects can be studied at industrially relevant conditions.
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15
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Liu L, Qin C, Yu M, Wang Q, Wang J, Hou B, Jia L, Li D. Morphology Evolution of Hcp Cobalt Nanoparticles Induced by Ru Promoter. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Chuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Mengting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
| | - Jungang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
| | - Bo Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
| | - Litao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Debao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal ConversionInstitute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 P. R. China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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16
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Jiang Y, Zhu Y, Zhou D, Jiang Z, Si N, Stacchiola D, Niu T. Reversible oxidation and reduction of gold-supported iron oxide islands at room temperature. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074710. [PMID: 32087652 DOI: 10.1063/1.5136279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Monolayer iron oxides grown on metal substrates have widely been used as model systems in heterogeneous catalysis. By means of ambient-pressure scanning tunneling microscopy (AP-STM), we studied the in situ oxidation and reduction of FeO(111) grown on Au(111) by oxygen (O2) and carbon monoxide (CO), respectively. Oxygen dislocation lines present on FeO islands are highly active for O2 dissociation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements distinctly reveal the reversible oxidation and reduction of FeO islands after sequential exposure to O2 and CO. Our AP-STM results show that excess O atoms can be further incorporated on dislocation lines and react with CO, whereas the CO is not strong enough to reduce the FeO supported on Au(111) that is essential to retain the activity of oxygen dislocation lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Jiang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200, Xiaolingwei 210094, China
| | - Yaguang Zhu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Dechun Zhou
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200, Xiaolingwei 210094, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Nan Si
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200, Xiaolingwei 210094, China
| | - Dario Stacchiola
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Tianchao Niu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, No. 200, Xiaolingwei 210094, China
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17
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Mechanistic insight into carbon-carbon bond formation on cobalt under simulated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis conditions. Nat Commun 2020; 11:750. [PMID: 32029729 PMCID: PMC7005166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile C-C bond formation is essential to the formation of long hydrocarbon chains in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Various chain growth mechanisms have been proposed previously, but spectroscopic identification of surface intermediates involved in C-C bond formation is scarce. We here show that the high CO coverage typical of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis affects the reaction pathways of C2Hx adsorbates on a Co(0001) model catalyst and promote C-C bond formation. In-situ high resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that a high CO coverage promotes transformation of C2Hx adsorbates into the ethylidyne form, which subsequently dimerizes to 2-butyne. The observed reaction sequence provides a mechanistic explanation for CO-induced ethylene dimerization on supported cobalt catalysts. For Fischer-Tropsch synthesis we propose that C-C bond formation on the close-packed terraces of a cobalt nanoparticle occurs via methylidyne (CH) insertion into long chain alkylidyne intermediates, the latter being stabilized by the high surface coverage under reaction conditions. The mechanism by which C-C bonds form during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis remains debated while spectroscopic identification of reaction intermediates remains scarce. Here, the authors identify alkylidynes as reactive intermediates for C-C bond formation on cobalt terrace sites and moreover show that these intermediates are stabilized by the high surface coverage typical for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
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Yang J, Fang X, Xu Y, Liu X. Investigation of the deactivation behavior of Co catalysts in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis using encapsulated Co nanoparticles with controlled SiO2 shell layer thickness. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02557j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The deactivation behavior of Co catalysts was clearly elucidated using Co nanoparticles confined by a porous SiO2 shell layer with varying thickness and different reaction temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- P.R. China
| | - Xuejin Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- P.R. China
| | - Yuebing Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaohao Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- 214122 Wuxi
- P.R. China
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Li Z, Ji S, Liu Y, Cao X, Tian S, Chen Y, Niu Z, Li Y. Well-Defined Materials for Heterogeneous Catalysis: From Nanoparticles to Isolated Single-Atom Sites. Chem Rev 2019; 120:623-682. [PMID: 31868347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of well-defined materials in heterogeneous catalysis will open up numerous new opportunities for the development of advanced catalysts to address the global challenges in energy and the environment. This review surveys the roles of nanoparticles and isolated single atom sites in catalytic reactions. In the second section, the effects of size, shape, and metal-support interactions are discussed for nanostructured catalysts. Case studies are summarized to illustrate the dynamics of structure evolution of well-defined nanoparticles under certain reaction conditions. In the third section, we review the syntheses and catalytic applications of isolated single atomic sites anchored on different types of supports. In the final part, we conclude by highlighting the challenges and opportunities of well-defined materials for catalyst development and gaining a fundamental understanding of their active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Shufang Ji
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xing Cao
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Shubo Tian
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Zhiqiang Niu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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20
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Chen H, Zhu H, Huang Z, Rong W, Wu K. Two-Sidedness of Surface Reaction Mediation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902080. [PMID: 31418920 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A heterogeneous catalytic process involves many surface elementary steps that affect the overall catalytic performance in one way or another. In general, a high-performance heterogeneous catalyst should meet the main criteria: excellent catalytic activity and high selectivity toward target products. Using surface science techniques, the two-sidedness of the surface reaction mediations can be explored, from the perspectives of the surface and the molecule manipulations. The surface manipulation refers to a reaction that is mediated by composition and structure of the substrate as well as surface species, while the molecular manipulation relates to a reaction that is mediated by the reacting molecule via the precursor selection, environmental control, or external excitation. The best catalytic system should consist of the most efficient catalyst and the best suitable reacting molecule, in addition to its economic benefit and environmental amity. Recent research progress in surface reaction mediation is outlined, and its two-sidedness is governed by the Arrhenius equation. This should shed new light on the connection between basic theory and surface reaction mediation strategies. To conclude, challenges and possible opportunities are elaborated for efficient surface reaction mediations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhichao Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenhui Rong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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21
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Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: Computational Sensitivity Modeling for Series of Cobalt Catalysts. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly a century ago, Fischer and Tropsch discovered a means of synthesizing organic compounds ranging from C1 to C70 by reacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen on a catalyst. Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is now known as a pseudo-polymerization process taking a mixture of CO as H2 (also known as syngas) to produce a vast array of hydrocarbons, along with various small amounts of oxygenated materials. Despite the decades spent studying this process, it is still considered a black-box reaction with a mechanism that is still under debate. This investigation sought to improve our understanding by taking data from a series of experimental Fischer–Tropsch synthesis runs to build a computational model. The experimental runs were completed in an isothermal continuous stirred-tank reactor, allowing for comparison across a series of completed catalyst tests. Similar catalytic recipes were chosen so that conditional comparisons of pressure, temperature, SV, and CO/H2 could be made. Further, results from the output of the reactor that included the deviations in product selectivity, especially that of methane and CO2, were considered. Cobalt was chosen for these exams for its industrial relevance and respectfully clean process as it does not intrinsically undergo the water–gas shift (WGS). The primary focus of this manuscript was to compare runs using cobalt-based catalysts that varied in two oxide catalyst supports. The results were obtained by creating two differential equations, one for H2 and one for CO, in terms of products or groups of products. These were analyzed using sensitivity analysis (SA) to determine the products or groups that impact the model the most. The results revealed a significant difference in sensitivity between the two catalyst–support combinations. When the model equations for H2 and CO were split, the results indicated that the CO equation was significantly more sensitive to CO2 production than the H2 equation.
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22
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The active sites of a working Fischer–Tropsch catalyst revealed by operando scanning tunnelling microscopy. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Qin C, Hou B, Wang J, Wang G, Ma Z, Jia L, Li D. Stabilizing Optimal Crystalline Facet of Cobalt Catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:33886-33893. [PMID: 31498584 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient catalysts with a stable optimal crystalline facet is highly promising yet challenging for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS). Here, we demonstrate a coating strategy to fabricate a stable optimal cobalt-facet catalyst. The catalyst (Co@C-SiO2) is composed of a single crystalline core, a wrapped carbon layer, and an amorphous silica shell. The moderate metal-support interaction endowed by carbon, combining the confined effect of the silica shell, protects and maintains the single-crystal structure and optimal crystalline facet of the core, that is, Co(10-11). Due to the unique core-shell nanostructure and optimal cobalt facets, our Co@C-SiO2 catalyst shows a remarkable low methane selectivity (5.3%), high activity (TOF = 4.0 × 10-2 s-1), C5+ selectivity (88.9%), and more importantly, excellent stability (TOS = 168 h) in FTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion , Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , Shanxi , PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , PR China
| | - Bo Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion , Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , Shanxi , PR China
| | - Jungang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion , Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , Shanxi , PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Zhongyi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion , Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , Shanxi , PR China
| | - Litao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion , Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , Shanxi , PR China
| | - Debao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion , Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Taiyuan 030001 , Shanxi , PR China
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24
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Miao KJ, He QX, Li YX, Liu XQ, Jiang Y, Gu C, Sun LB. Fabrication of Cu(I)-Functionalized MIL-101(Cr) for Adsorptive Desulfurization: Low-Temperature Controllable Conversion of Cu(II) via Vapor-Induced Reduction. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11085-11090. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Jing Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qiu-Xia He
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yu-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lin-Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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25
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De Vrieze JE, Bremmer GM, Aly M, Navarro V, Thybaut JW, Kooyman PJ, Saeys M. Shape of Cobalt and Platinum Nanoparticles Under a CO Atmosphere: A Combined In Situ TEM and Computational Catalysis Study. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenoff E. De Vrieze
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - G. Marien Bremmer
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mostafa Aly
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Violeta Navarro
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joris W. Thybaut
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia J. Kooyman
- Catalysis Institute, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Mark Saeys
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
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26
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Zijlstra B, Broos RJP, Chen W, Oosterbeek H, Filot IAW, Hensen EJM. Coverage Effects in CO Dissociation on Metallic Cobalt Nanoparticles. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Zijlstra
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & Catalysis, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Robin J. P. Broos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & Catalysis, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Chen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & Catalysis, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Heiko Oosterbeek
- Shell Global Solutions International B.V., Grasweg 31, 1031 HW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo A. W. Filot
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & Catalysis, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & Catalysis, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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27
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Xie J, Paalanen PP, van Deelen TW, Weckhuysen BM, Louwerse MJ, de Jong KP. Promoted cobalt metal catalysts suitable for the production of lower olefins from natural gas. Nat Commun 2019; 10:167. [PMID: 30635560 PMCID: PMC6329823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the surge of natural gas production, feedstocks for chemicals shift towards lighter hydrocarbons, particularly methane. The success of a Gas-to-Chemicals process via synthesis gas (CO and H2) depends on the ability of catalysts to suppress methane and carbon dioxide formation. We designed a Co/Mn/Na/S catalyst, which gives rise to negligible Water-Gas-Shift activity and a hydrocarbon product spectrum deviating from the Anderson-Schulz-Flory distribution. At 240 °C and 1 bar, it shows a C2-C4 olefins selectivity of 54%. At 10 bar, it displays 30% and 59% selectivities towards lower olefins and fuels, respectively. The spent catalyst consists of 10 nm Co nanoparticles with hcp Co metal phase. We propose a synergistic effect of Na plus S, which act as electronic promoters on the Co surface, thus improving selectivities towards lower olefins and fuels while largely reducing methane and carbon dioxide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiu Xie
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pasi P Paalanen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W van Deelen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel J Louwerse
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Krijn P de Jong
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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28
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Li Y, Li Z, Ahsen A, Lammich L, Mannie GJA, Niemantsverdriet JWH, Lauritsen JV. Atomically Defined Iron Carbide Surface for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalysis. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Li
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Zheshen Li
- Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA), Department of Physics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ali Ahsen
- Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Lutz Lammich
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Gilbère J. A. Mannie
- SynCat@Beijing, Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.,
Huairou, Beijing 101407, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. W. Hans Niemantsverdriet
- SynCat@Beijing, Synfuels China Technology Co. Ltd.,
Huairou, Beijing 101407, People’s Republic of China
- SynCat@DIFFER, Syngaschem BV, P.O. Box
6336, 5600 HH, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeppe V. Lauritsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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29
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Singh JA, Hoffman AS, Schumann J, Boubnov A, Asundi AS, Nathan SS, Nørskov J, Bare SR, Bent SF. Role of Co2
C in ZnO-promoted Co Catalysts for Alcohol Synthesis from Syngas. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Stanford University; Stanford CA-94305 USA
| | - Adam S. Hoffman
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Menlo Park CA-94025 USA
| | - Julia Schumann
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford CA-94305 USA
| | - Alexey Boubnov
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Menlo Park CA-94025 USA
| | - Arun S. Asundi
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford CA-94305 USA
| | - Sindhu S. Nathan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford CA-94305 USA
| | - Jens Nørskov
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford CA-94305 USA
- Department of Physics; Technical University of Denmark Kongens; Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Simon R. Bare
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Menlo Park CA-94025 USA
| | - Stacey F. Bent
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Stanford University; Stanford CA-94305 USA
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30
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Tsakoumis NE, Patanou E, Lögdberg S, Johnsen RE, Myrstad R, van Beek W, Rytter E, Blekkan EA. Structure–Performance Relationships on Co-Based Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalysts: The More Defect-Free, the Better. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos E. Tsakoumis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eleni Patanou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sara Lögdberg
- Chemical Technology, KTH (Royal Institute of Technology), Teknikringen 42, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rune E. Johnsen
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rune Myrstad
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Wouter van Beek
- The Swiss−Norwegian Beamlines (SNBL) at ESRF, Grenoble F38043, France
| | - Erling Rytter
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Edd A. Blekkan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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31
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Brand RP, Mandemaker LDB, Delen G, Rijnveld N, Weckhuysen BM. Behavior of a Metal Organic Framework Thin-Film at Elevated Temperature and Pressure as Studied with an Autoclave-Inserted Atomic Force Microscope. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2397-2404. [PMID: 29873164 PMCID: PMC6518996 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bridging the gap in studying surface reactions, processes, and morphology and measuring at (catalytic) relevant conditions is crucial for our understanding of the working principles of porous crystalline materials. Scanning tunneling microscopy is limited because of the required conductivity of the sample, whereas atomic force microscopy (AFM) is often challenging in use owing to the physical mechanism underlying the technique. Herein, we report a tailor‐made autoclave‐inserted AFM, able to measure at ∼20 bar and ∼110 °C. First, we show the ability to obtain nanometer resolution on well‐defined test samples at before‐mentioned conditions. Second, to demonstrate the possibilities of analyzing morphological evolutions at elevated temperatures and pressures, we use this setup to measure the stability of a surface‐anchored metal‐organic framework (SURMOF) in‐situ at pressures of 1–20 bar in the temperature range between 20 and 60 °C. It was found that the showcase HKUST‐1 material has a good physical stability, as it is hardly damaged from exposure to pressures up to 20 bar. However, its thermal stability is weaker, as exposure to elevated T damaged the material by influencing the interaction between organic linker and metal cluster. In‐situ measurements at elevated T also showed an increased mobility of the material when working at such conditions. Combining the strength of AFM at elevated T and p with ex‐situ AFM and spectroscopic measurements on this MOF showcases an example of how porous materials can be studied at (industrially) relevant conditions using the autoclave‐inserted AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogier P Brand
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens D B Mandemaker
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guusje Delen
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Rijnveld
- Optics 11, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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33
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Nguyen L, Tao PP, Liu H, Al-Hada M, Amati M, Sezen H, Tang Y, Gregoratti L, Tao FF. Studies of surface of metal nanoparticles in a flowing liquid with XPS. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9981-9984. [PMID: 30123913 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03497d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Studying surface of catalyst nanoparticles in a flowing liquid is important for understanding the underlying mechanism of a reaction performed in liquid. We report the design of a reaction cell system of Si3N4 window covering the flowing liquid with an electron-transmissible membrane. By using metal nanoparticles as a catalyst dispersed in a solvent, examination of the surface of catalyst nanoparticles in a flowing liquid was demonstrated by observation of Ag 3d photoemission feature when a liquid containing Ag nanoparticles was flowing through this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Nguyen
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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34
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Mitchell RW, Lloyd DC, van de Water LGA, Ellis PR, Metcalfe KA, Sibbald C, Davies LH, Enache DI, Kelly GJ, Boyes ED, Gai PL. Effect of Pretreatment Method on the Nanostructure and Performance of Supported Co Catalysts in Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leon G. A. van de Water
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham TS23 1LH, U.K
| | - Peter R. Ellis
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blounts Court, Sonning Common RG4 9NH, U.K
| | - Kirsty A. Metcalfe
- Johnson Matthey, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham TS23 1LH, U.K
| | - Connor Sibbald
- Johnson Matthey, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham TS23 1LH, U.K
| | - Laura H. Davies
- Johnson Matthey, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham TS23 1LH, U.K
| | - Dan I. Enache
- Johnson Matthey, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham TS23 1LH, U.K
| | - Gordon J. Kelly
- Johnson Matthey, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham TS23 1LH, U.K
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35
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Nguyen L, Tao PP, Liu H, Al-Hada M, Amati M, Sezen H, Gregoratti L, Tang Y, House SD, Tao FF. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Studies of Nanoparticles Dispersed in Static Liquid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:9606-9616. [PMID: 29786441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
For nanoparticles active for chemical and energy transformations in static liquid environment, chemistries of surface or near-surface regions of these catalyst nanoparticles in liquid are crucial for fundamentally understanding their catalytic performances at a molecular level. Compared to catalysis at a solid-gas interface, there is very limited information on the surface of these catalyst nanoparticles under a working condition or during catalysis in liquid. Photoelectron spectroscopy is a surface-sensitive technique; however, it is challenging to study the surfaces of catalyst nanoparticles dispersed in static liquid because of the short inelastic mean free path of photoelectrons traveling in liquid. Here, we report a method for tracking the surface of nanoparticles dispersed in static liquid by employing graphene layers as an electron-transparent membrane to separate the static liquid containing a solvent, catalyst nanoparticles, and reactants from the high-vacuum environment of photoelectron spectrometers. The surfaces of Ag nanoparticles dispersed in static liquid sealed in such a graphene membrane liquid cell were successfully characterized using a photoelectron spectrometer equipped with a high vacuum energy analyzer. With this method, the surface of catalyst nanoparticles dispersed in liquid during catalysis at a relatively high temperature up to 150 °C can be tracked with photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Nguyen
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Paul Pengcheng Tao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | | | - Matteo Amati
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste ScPA , Trieste 34012 , Italy
| | - Hikmet Sezen
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste ScPA , Trieste 34012 , Italy
| | | | - Yu Tang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Stephen D House
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15261 , United States
| | - Franklin Feng Tao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
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36
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New development in Fe/Co catalysts: Structure modulation and performance optimization for syngas conversion. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(18)63100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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37
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Ralston WT, Liu WC, Alayoglu S, Melaet G. Bimetallic Cobalt Nanoparticles (Co–M): Synthesis, Characterization, and Application in the Fischer–Tropsch Process. Top Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-0945-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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38
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Liu J, Nai J, You T, An P, Zhang J, Ma G, Niu X, Liang C, Yang S, Guo L. The Flexibility of an Amorphous Cobalt Hydroxide Nanomaterial Promotes the Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Evolution Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703514. [PMID: 29611337 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Structural flexibility can be a desirable trait of an operating catalyst because it adapts itself to a given catalytic process for enhanced activity. Here, amorphous cobalt hydroxide nanocages are demonstrated to be a promising electrocatalyst with an overpotential of 0.28 V at 10 mA cm-2 , far outperforming the crystalline counterparts and being in the top rank of the catalysts of their kind, under the condition of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction. From the direct experimental in situ and ex situ results, this enhanced activity is attributed to its high structural flexibility in terms of 1) facile and holistic transformation into catalytic active phase; 2) hosting oxygen vacancies; and 3) structure self-regulation in a real-time process. Significantly, based on plausible catalytic mechanism and computational simulation results, it is disclosed how this structural flexibility facilitates the kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction. This work deepens the understanding of the structure-activity relationship of the Co-based catalysts in electrochemical catalysis, and it inspires more applications that require flexible structures enabled by such amorphous nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juzhe Liu
- School of Chemistry and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianwei Nai
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Tingting You
- School of Chemistry and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Pengfei An
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guanshui Ma
- School of Chemistry and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaogang Niu
- School of Chemistry and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chaoying Liang
- School of Chemistry and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shihe Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Guo
- School of Chemistry and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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39
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Tao FF, Ralston WT, Liu H, Somorjai GA. Surface Structures of Model Metal Catalysts in Reactant Gases. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:425-431. [PMID: 28949538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Atomic scale knowledge of the surface structure of a metal catalyst is essential for fundamentally understanding the catalytic reactions performed on it. A correlation between the true atomic surface structure of a metal catalyst under reaction conditions and the corresponding catalytic performance is the key in pursuing mechanistic insight at a molecular level. Here the surface structures of model, metal catalysts in both ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and gaseous environments of CO at a wide range of pressures are discussed. The complexity of observed surface structures in CO is illustrated, driving the necessity for visualization of the catalytic metals under realistic reaction conditions. Technical barriers for visualization of metal surfaces in situ at high temperature and high pressure are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Feng Tao
- Departments of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Chemistry, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Walter T Ralston
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Huimin Liu
- Departments of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Chemistry, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Gabor A Somorjai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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40
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Puga AV. On the nature of active phases and sites in CO and CO2 hydrogenation catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy01216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Advanced characterisation techniques are shedding new light on the identification of active COx hydrogenation phases and sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto V. Puga
- Instituto de Tecnología Química
- Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
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41
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Chen G, Gao R, Zhao Y, Li Z, Waterhouse GIN, Shi R, Zhao J, Zhang M, Shang L, Sheng G, Zhang X, Wen X, Wu LZ, Tung CH, Zhang T. Alumina-Supported CoFe Alloy Catalysts Derived from Layered-Double-Hydroxide Nanosheets for Efficient Photothermal CO 2 Hydrogenation to Hydrocarbons. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30. [PMID: 29205526 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel CoFe-based catalysts are successfully fabricated by hydrogen reduction of CoFeAl layered-double-hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets at 300-700 °C. The chemical composition and morphology of the reaction products (denoted herein as CoFe-x) are highly dependent on the reduction temperature (x). CO2 hydrogenation experiments are conducted on the CoFe-x catalysts under UV-vis excitation. With increasing LDH-nanosheet reduction temperature, the CoFe-x catalysts show a progressive selectivity shift from CO to CH4 , and eventually to high-value hydrocarbons (C2+ ). CoFe-650 shows remarkable selectivity toward hydrocarbons (60% CH4 , 35% C2+ ). X-ray absorption fine structure, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that alumina-supported CoFe-alloy nanoparticles are responsible for the high selectivity of CoFe-650 for C2+ hydrocarbons, also allowing exploitation of photothermal effects. This study demonstrates a vibrant new catalyst platform for harnessing clean, abundant solar-energy to produce valuable chemicals and fuels from CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rui Gao
- State key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
- Synfuels China, Beijing, 100195, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | | | - Run Shi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Mengtao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lu Shang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Guiyang Sheng
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
- Synfuels China, Beijing, 100195, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tierui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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42
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Niu T, Jiang Z, Zhu Y, Zhou G, van Spronsen MA, Tenney SA, Boscoboinik JA, Stacchiola D. Oxygen-Promoted Methane Activation on Copper. J Phys Chem B 2017; 122:855-863. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianchao Niu
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, No. 200, Xiaolingwei, 210094, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
| | - Yaguang Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering Program, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Guangwen Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering Program, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Matthijs A. van Spronsen
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Samuel A. Tenney
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - J. Anibal Boscoboinik
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Dario Stacchiola
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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43
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Liu J, Wang Z, Yan X, Jian P. Metallic cobalt nanoparticles imbedded into ordered mesoporous carbon: A non-precious metal catalyst with excellent hydrogenation performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 505:789-795. [PMID: 28672258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC)-metal composites have attracted great attention owing to their combination of high surface area, controlled pore size distribution and physicochemical properties of metals. Herein, we report the cobalt nanoparticles/ordered mesoporous carbon (CoNPs@OMC) composite prepared by a one-step carbonization/reduction process assisted by a hydrothermal pre-reaction. The CoNPs@OMC composite presents a high specific surface area of 544m2g-1, and the CoNPs are uniformly imbedded or confined in the ordered mesoporous carbon matrix. When used as a non-precious metal-containing catalyst for hydrogenation reduction of p-nitrophenol and nitrobenzene, it demonstrates high efficiency and good cycling stability. Furthermore, the CoNPs@OMC composite can be directly used to catalyze the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for the high-pressure CO hydrogenation, and presents a good catalytic selectivity for C5+ hydrocarbons. The excellent catalytic performance of the CoNPs@OMC composite can be ascribed to synergistic effect between the high specific surface area, mesoporous structure and well-imbedded CoNPs in the carbon matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China.
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Panming Jian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
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44
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Bai S, Shao Q, Feng Y, Bu L, Huang X. Highly Efficient Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol Catalyzed by Zigzag Platinum-Cobalt Nanowires. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1604311. [PMID: 28418193 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201604311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) hydrogenation is an effective strategy for CO2 utilization, while unsatisfied conversion efficiencies remain great challenges. It is reported herein that zigzag Pt-Co nanowires (NWs) with Pt-rich surfaces and abundant steps/edges can perform as highly active and stable CO2 hydrogenation catalysts. It is found that tuning the Pt/Co ratio of the Pt-Co NWs, solvents, and catalyst supports could well optimize the CO2 hydrogenation to methanol (CH3 OH) with the Pt4 Co NWs/C exhibiting the best performance, outperforming all the previous catalysts. They are also very durable with limited activity decays after six catalytic cycles. The diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy result of CO2 adsorption shows that the Pt4 Co NWs/C undergoes the adsorption/activation of CO2 by forming appropriate carboxylate intermediates, and thus enhancing the CH3 OH production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxing Bai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qi Shao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yonggang Feng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Lingzheng Bu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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45
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Adsorption energy-driven carbon number-dependent olefin to paraffin ratio in cobalt-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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46
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Folkertsma E, van der Lit J, Di Cicco F, Lutz M, Klein Gebbink RJM, Swart I, Moret ME. Combination of Scanning Probe Microscopy and Coordination Chemistry: Structural and Electronic Study of Bis(methylbenzimidazolyl)ketone and Its Iron Complex. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1372-1379. [PMID: 28474011 PMCID: PMC5410654 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the bulk synthesis of [FeII(BMBIK)Cl2] bearing the redox noninnocent bis(methylbenzimidazolyl)ketone (BMBIK) ligand and the synthesis of the similar complex [FeI(BMBIK)]+ on a Au(111) surface using lateral manipulation at the atomic level. Cyclic voltammetry and scanning tunneling spectroscopy are shown to be useful techniques to compare the coordination compound in solution with the one on the surface. The total charge, as well as the oxidation and spin state of [FeI(BMBIK)]+, are investigated by comparison of the shape of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), visualized by tunneling through the LUMO, with theoretical models. The similar reduction potentials found for the solution and surface compounds indicate that the major effect of lowering the LUMO upon coordination of BMBIK to the iron center is conserved on the surface. The synthesis and analysis of [FeI(BMBIK)]+ using scanning tunneling microscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy are the first steps toward mechanistic studies of homogeneous catalysts with redox noninnocent ligands at the single molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Folkertsma
- Organic
Chemistry & Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost van der Lit
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Di Cicco
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal
and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research,
Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robertus J. M. Klein Gebbink
- Organic
Chemistry & Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingmar Swart
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc-Etienne Moret
- Organic
Chemistry & Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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47
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van Spronsen MA, Frenken JWM, Groot IMN. Surface science under reaction conditions: CO oxidation on Pt and Pd model catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:4347-4374. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00045f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Application of surface-science techniques, such as XPS, SXRD, STM, and IR spectroscopy under catalytic reactions conditions yield new structural and chemical information. Recent experiments focusing on CO oxidation over Pt and Pd model catalysts were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joost W. M. Frenken
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography
- 1090 BA Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Irene M. N. Groot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Leiden University
- 2300 RA Leiden
- The Netherlands
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48
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Dou J, Sun Z, Opalade AA, Wang N, Fu W, Tao F(F. Operando chemistry of catalyst surfaces during catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:2001-2027. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00931j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of a catalyst surface during catalysis is crucial for a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of a catalytic reaction performed on the catalyst in the gas or liquid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dou
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Department of Chemistry
- University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
| | - Zaicheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing
- China
| | - Adedamola A. Opalade
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Department of Chemistry
- University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Department of Chemistry
- University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
| | - Wensheng Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications and College of Chemistry
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Franklin (Feng) Tao
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Department of Chemistry
- University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
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49
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50
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Bremmer GM, Zacharaki E, Sjåstad AO, Navarro V, Frenken JWM, Kooyman PJ. In situ TEM observation of the Boudouard reaction: multi-layered graphene formation from CO on cobalt nanoparticles at atmospheric pressure. Faraday Discuss 2017; 197:337-351. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00185h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using a MEMS nanoreactor in combination with a specially designed in situ Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) holder and gas supply system, we imaged the formation of multiple layers of graphene encapsulating a cobalt nanoparticle, at 1 bar CO : N2 (1 : 1) and 500 °C. The cobalt nanoparticle was imaged live in a TEM during the Boudouard reaction. The in situ/operando TEM studies give insight into the behaviour of the catalyst at the nanometer-scale, under industrially relevant conditions. When switching from Fischer–Tropsch syngas conditions (CO : H2 : N2 1 : 2 : 3 at 1 bar) to CO-rich conditions (CO : N2 1 : 1 at 1 bar), we observed the formation of multi-layered graphene on Co nanoparticles at 500 °C. Due to the high temperature, the surface of the Co nanoparticles facilitated the Boudouard reaction, causing CO dissociation and the formation of layers of graphene. After the formation of the first patches of graphene at the surface of the nanoparticle, more and more layers grew over the course of about 40 minutes. In its final state, around 10 layers of carbon capped the nanoparticle. During this process, the carbon shell caused mechanical stress in the nanoparticle, inducing permanent deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Marien Bremmer
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory
- Leiden University
- Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Eirini Zacharaki
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | - Anja O. Sjåstad
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oslo
- N-0315 Oslo
- Norway
| | | | | | - Patricia J. Kooyman
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Cape Town
- 7701 Cape Town
- South Africa
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