1
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Zeng Y, Lu T, Ren S, Hu Z, Fang J, Guan Z, Li J, Liu L, Gao Z. Biosynthesis of Ester-Bond Containing Quinolone Alkaloids with (3 R,4 S) Stereoconfiguration. Org Lett 2024; 26:6692-6697. [PMID: 39058897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Asperalins represent a novel class of viridicatin natural products with potent inhibitory activities against fish pathogens. In this study, we elucidated the biosynthesis of asperalins in the Aspergillus oryzae NSAR1 heterologous host and identified the FAD-dependent monooxygenase AplB stereoselectively hydroxylates viridicatin to yield a unique 3R,4S configuration. The monomodular NRPS AplJ catalyzes a rare intramolecular ester bond formation reaction using dihydroquinoline as a nucleophile. Subsequent modifications by cytochrome P450 AplF, chlorinase AplN, and prenyltransferase AplE tailor the anthranilic acid portion, leading to the formation of asperalins. Additionally, we explored the potential of AplB for the hydroxylation of viridicatin analogs, demonstrating its relaxed substrate specificity. This finding suggests that AplB could be developed as a biocatalyst for the synthesis of viridicatin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zeng
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tiantian Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuya Ren
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhibo Hu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Fang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhifeng Guan
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lan Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhizeng Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
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2
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Yuan GY, Zhang JM, Xu YQ, Zou Y. Biosynthesis and Assembly Logic of Fungal Hybrid Terpenoid Natural Products. Chembiochem 2024:e202400387. [PMID: 38923144 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, fungi have emerged as significant sources of diverse hybrid terpenoid natural products, and their biosynthetic pathways are increasingly unveiled. This review mainly focuses on elucidating the various strategies underlying the biosynthesis and assembly logic of these compounds. These pathways combine terpenoid moieties with diverse building blocks including polyketides, nonribosomal peptides, amino acids, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, saccharides, and adenine, resulting in the formation of plenty of hybrid terpenoid natural products via C-O, C-C, or C-N bond linkages. Subsequent tailoring steps, such as oxidation, cyclization, and rearrangement, further enhance the biological diversity and structural complexity of these hybrid terpenoid natural products. Understanding these biosynthetic mechanisms holds promise for the discovery of novel hybrid terpenoid natural products from fungi, which will promote the development of potential drug candidates in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yin Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P.R. China
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3
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Khanppnavar B, Choo JPS, Hagedoorn PL, Smolentsev G, Štefanić S, Kumaran S, Tischler D, Winkler FK, Korkhov VM, Li Z, Kammerer RA, Li X. Structural basis of the Meinwald rearrangement catalysed by styrene oxide isomerase. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01523-y. [PMID: 38744914 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01523-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Membrane-bound styrene oxide isomerase (SOI) catalyses the Meinwald rearrangement-a Lewis-acid-catalysed isomerization of an epoxide to a carbonyl compound-and has been used in single and cascade reactions. However, the structural information that explains its reaction mechanism has remained elusive. Here we determine cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of SOI bound to a single-domain antibody with and without the competitive inhibitor benzylamine, and elucidate the catalytic mechanism using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional assays, biophysical methods and docking experiments. We find ferric haem b bound at the subunit interface of the trimeric enzyme through H58, where Fe(III) acts as the Lewis acid by binding to the epoxide oxygen. Y103 and N64 and a hydrophobic pocket binding the oxygen of the epoxide and the aryl group, respectively, position substrates in a manner that explains the high regio-selectivity and stereo-specificity of SOI. Our findings can support extending the range of epoxide substrates and be used to potentially repurpose SOI for the catalysis of new-to-nature Fe-based chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basavraj Khanppnavar
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Joel P S Choo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter-Leon Hagedoorn
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Saša Štefanić
- Nanobody Service Facility. AgroVet-Strickhof, University of Zurich, Lindau, Switzerland
| | | | - Dirk Tischler
- Microbial Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Volodymyr M Korkhov
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Richard A Kammerer
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
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4
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Liu Y, Zhou H, Zhao S, Hao X, Dai G, Zhong L, Ren X, Sui H, Zhang Y, Yan F, Bian X. Biosynthesis of trans-AT PKS-Derived Shuangdaolides Featuring a trans-acting Enzyme for Online Epoxidation. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2474-2484. [PMID: 37992317 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial trans-acyltransferase polyketide synthases (trans-AT PKSs) synthesize natural products with intricate structures and potent biological activities. They generally contain various unusual modules or trans-acting enzymes. Herein, we report the trans-AT PKS-derived biosynthetic pathway of the shuangdaolide with a rare internal 2-hydroxycyclopentenone moiety. The multidomain protein SdlR catalyzes the synthesis of 16,17-epoxide during polyketide chain elongation. The SdlR contains a ketoreductase, an acyl carrier protein, a flavoprotein monooxygenase, and a serine hydrolase domain. This online epoxidation occurs at unusual positions away from the thioester. Then, two tailoring enzymes, SdlB and SdlQ, convert a methylene to a carbonyl group and oxidize a hydroxyl group to a carbonyl group, respectively. The following spontaneous opening of 16,17-epoxide induces the formation of a new C-C bond to generate the 2-hydroxycyclopentenone moiety. The characterization of the shuangdaolide pathway extends the understanding of the trans-AT PKSs, facilitating the mining and identification of this class of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xingkun Hao
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Guangzhi Dai
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiangmei Ren
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Haiyan Sui
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fu Yan
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaoying Bian
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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5
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Yuan GY, Zhang JM, Xu QD, Zhang HR, Hu C, Zou Y. Biosynthesis of Cosmosporasides Reveals the Assembly Line for Fungal Hybrid Terpenoid Saccharides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308887. [PMID: 37647109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Fungal hybrid terpenoid saccharides constitute a new and growing family of natural products with significant biomedical and agricultural activities. One representative family is the cosmosporasides, which feature oxidized terpenoid units and saccharide moieties; however, the assembly line of these building blocks has been elusive. Herein, a cos cluster from Fusarium orthoceras was discovered for the synthesis of cosmosporaside C (1) by genome mining. A UbiA family intramembrane prenyltransferase (UbiA-type PT), a multifunctional cytochrome P450, an α,β-hydrolase, an acetyltransferase, a dimethylallyl transferase (DMAT-type PT) and a glycosyltransferase function cooperatively in the assembly of the scaffold of 1 using primary central metabolites. The absolute configuration at C4, C6 and C7 of 1 was also established. Our work clarifies the unexpected functions of UbiA-type and DMAT-type PTs and provides an example for understanding the synthetic logic of hybrid terpenoid saccharides in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yin Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Dong Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Ran Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Changhua Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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6
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Einsiedler M, Gulder TAM. Discovery of extended product structural space of the fungal dioxygenase AsqJ. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3658. [PMID: 37339975 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungal dioxygenase AsqJ catalyses the conversion of benzo[1,4]diazepine-2,5-diones into quinolone antibiotics. A second, alternative reaction pathway leads to a different biomedically important product class, the quinazolinones. Within this work, we explore the catalytic promiscuity of AsqJ by screening its activity across a broad range of functionalized substrates made accessible by solid-/liquid-phase peptide synthetic routes. These systematic investigations map the substrate tolerance of AsqJ within its two established pathways, revealing significant promiscuity, especially in the quinolone pathway. Most importantly, two further reactivities leading to new AsqJ product classes are discovered, thus significantly expanding the structural space accessible by this biosynthetic enzyme. Switching AsqJ product selectivity is achieved by subtle structural changes on the substrate, revealing a remarkable substrate-controlled product selectivity in enzyme catalysis. Our work paves the way for the biocatalytic synthesis of diverse biomedically important heterocyclic structural frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Einsiedler
- Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias A M Gulder
- Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Department of Natural Product Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy at Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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7
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See WWL, Li Z. Styrene Oxide Isomerase-Catalyzed Meinwald Rearrangement in Cascade Biotransformations: Synthesis of Chiral and/or Natural Chemicals. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300102. [PMID: 36740917 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Styrene oxide isomerase (SOI) catalyzes the Meinwald rearrangement of aryl epoxides to carbonyl compounds via a 1,2-trans-shift in a stereospecific manner. A number of cascade biotransformations with SOI-catalyzed epoxide isomerization as a key step have been developed to convert readily available substrates into valuable chiral chemicals. Cascade conversion of terminal or internal alkenes into chiral acids, alcohols or amines was achieved, which involved SOI-catalyzed enantio-retentive isomerization of terminal epoxides via 1,2-H shift, or internal epoxides via 1,2-methyl shift. SOI-involved cascades were also developed to convert racemic epoxides into chiral acids or amines via dynamic kinetic resolution. Additionally, combining SOI-catalyzed isomerization with enantioselective C-C bond forming enzymes enabled the synthesis of chiral amino acids or amino alcohols from racemic epoxides. Finally, integration of SOI-involved cascades with biosynthesis pathways allowed for the direct utilization of renewable substrates for the sustainable synthesis of high-value natural chemicals such as alcohols, acids, and esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy W L See
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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8
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Li JK, Qu G, Li X, Tian Y, Cui C, Zhang FG, Zhang W, Ma JA, Reetz MT, Sun Z. Rational enzyme design for enabling biocatalytic Baldwin cyclization and asymmetric synthesis of chiral heterocycles. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7813. [PMID: 36535947 PMCID: PMC9763437 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35468-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral heterocyclic compounds are needed for important medicinal applications. We report an in silico strategy for the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral N- and O-heterocycles via Baldwin cyclization modes of hydroxy- and amino-substituted epoxides and oxetanes using the limonene epoxide hydrolase from Rhodococcus erythropolis. This enzyme normally catalyzes hydrolysis with formation of vicinal diols. Firstly, the required shutdown of the undesired natural water-mediated ring-opening is achieved by rational mutagenesis of the active site. In silico enzyme design is then continued with generation of the improved mutants. These variants prove to be versatile catalysts for preparing chiral N- and O-heterocycles with up to 99% conversion, and enantiomeric ratios up to 99:1. Crystal structural data and computational modeling reveal that Baldwin-type cyclizations, catalyzed by the reprogrammed enzyme, are enabled by reshaping the active-site environment that directs the distal RHN and HO-substituents to be intramolecular nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kuan Li
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Ge Qu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China ,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Xu Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China ,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Yuchen Tian
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Chengsen Cui
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China ,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Fa-Guang Zhang
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Wuyuan Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China ,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Jun-An Ma
- grid.33763.320000 0004 1761 2484Department of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China
| | - Manfred T. Reetz
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China ,grid.419607.d0000 0001 2096 9941Biocatalysis Section, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308 China ,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308 China
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9
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An Q, Shang W, Wang Y, He H, Jing C, Wu M, Jia Z. PMo12@UiO-67 nanocomposite as green Epoxidation Catalyst with enhanced performance and high retrievability. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Xin R, See WWL, Yun H, Li X, Li Z. Enzyme-Catalyzed Meinwald Rearrangement with an Unusual Regioselective and Stereospecific 1,2-Methyl Shift. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204889. [PMID: 35535736 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Meinwald rearrangement is a synthetically useful reaction but often lacks regioselectivity and stereocontrol. A significant challenge in the Meinwald rearrangement of internal epoxides is the non-regioselective migration of different substituents to give a mixture of products. Herein, an enzyme-catalyzed regioselective and stereospecific 1,2-methyl shift in the Meinwald rearrangement of internal epoxides is reported. Styrene oxide isomerase (SOI) catalyzed the unique isomerization of internal epoxides through 1,2-methyl shift without 1,2-hydride shift to give the corresponding aldehydes and a cyclic ketone as the sole product. SOI-catalyzed isomerization showed high stereospecificity, fully retaining the stereoconfiguration. The synthetic utility of this enzymatic Meinwald rearrangement was demonstrated by its incorporation into three new types of enantioselective cascades, to convert trans-β-methyl styrenes into the corresponding R-configured alcohols, acids, or amines in high ee and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipu Xin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Willy W L See
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Hui Yun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Xirui Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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11
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Xin R, See WWL, Yun H, Li X, Li Z. Enzyme‐Catalyzed Meinwald Rearrangement with an Unusual Regioselective and Stereospecific 1,2‐Methyl Shift. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruipu Xin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Willy W. L. See
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Hui Yun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Xirui Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
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12
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Guo FW, Mou XF, Qu Y, Wei MY, Chen GY, Wang CY, Gu YC, Shao CL. Scalable total synthesis of (+)-aniduquinolone A and its acid-catalyzed rearrangement to aflaquinolones. Commun Chem 2022; 5:35. [PMID: 36697782 PMCID: PMC9814574 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The strong antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities demonstrated by quinolones make them promising lead structures and important synthetic targets for drug discovery. Here, we report, to the best of our knowledge, the first scalable total synthesis of antiviral (+)-aniduquinolone A, possessing a 3,4-dioxygenated 5-hydroxy-4-aryl-quinolin-2(1H)-one skeleton. This synthetic strategy explores E-stereoselective Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) olefination as the key step to assemble isopropenyl substituted tetrahydrofuran onto the 3,4-dioxygenated 5-hydroxy-4-aryl-quinolin-2(1H)-one core, which is built by highly diastereoselective intramolecular aldol reaction. Moreover, two sets of stereoisomers of aniduquinolone A with substantially overlapping NMR data were synthesized completely and assigned unambiguously by comprehensive analysis of both their spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction data. Unexpectedly, aflaquinolones A, C, and D that feature different 2,4-dimethyl cyclohexanone moieties were transformed successfully from (+)-aniduquinolone A by treating with TFA. The methodology delineated herein can be applied broadly to the synthesis of natural alkaloids containing the core structure of 3,4-dioxygenated 5-hydroxy-4-aryl-quinolin-2(1H)-one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Wei Guo
- grid.4422.00000 0001 2152 3263Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China ,grid.484590.40000 0004 5998 3072Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266200 China
| | - Xiao-Feng Mou
- grid.4422.00000 0001 2152 3263Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China ,grid.440761.00000 0000 9030 0162School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Yong Qu
- grid.4422.00000 0001 2152 3263Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China ,grid.484590.40000 0004 5998 3072Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266200 China
| | - Mei-Yan Wei
- grid.4422.00000 0001 2152 3263Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Guang-Ying Chen
- grid.440732.60000 0000 8551 5345College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158 China
| | - Chang-Yun Wang
- grid.4422.00000 0001 2152 3263Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China ,grid.484590.40000 0004 5998 3072Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266200 China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- grid.426114.40000 0000 9974 7390Syngenta Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Chang-Lun Shao
- grid.4422.00000 0001 2152 3263Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China ,grid.484590.40000 0004 5998 3072Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266200 China
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13
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Choo JPS, Li Z. Styrene Oxide Isomerase Catalyzed Meinwald Rearrangement Reaction: Discovery and Application in Single-Step and One-Pot Cascade Reactions. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel P. S. Choo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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14
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Bowen JI, Wang L, Crump MP, Willis CL. Synthetic and biosynthetic methods for selective cyclisations of 4,5-epoxy alcohols to tetrahydropyrans. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1150-1175. [PMID: 35029626 PMCID: PMC8827043 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01905h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydropyrans (THPs) are common structural motifs found in natural products and synthetic therapeutic molecules. In Nature these 6-membered oxygen heterocycles are often assembled via intramolecular reactions involving either oxy-Michael additions or ring opening of epoxy-alcohols. Indeed, the polyether natural products have been particularly widely studied due to their fascinating structures and important biological properties; these are commonly formed via endo-selective epoxide-opening cascades. In this review we outline synthetic approaches for endo-selective intramolecular epoxide ring opening (IERO) of 4,5-epoxy-alcohols and their applications in natural product synthesis. In addition, the biosynthesis of THP-containing natural products which utilise IERO reactions are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James I Bowen
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Luoyi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Matthew P Crump
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Christine L Willis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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15
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Rodríguez DF, Moglie Y, Ramírez-Sarmiento CA, Singh SK, Dua K, Zacconi FC. Bio-click chemistry: a bridge between biocatalysis and click chemistry. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1932-1949. [PMID: 35425264 PMCID: PMC8979012 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The fields of click chemistry and biocatalysis have rapidly grown over the last two decades. The development of robust and active biocatalysts and the widespread use of straightforward click reactions led to significant interactions between these two fields. Therefore the name bio-click chemistry seems to be an accurate definition of chemoenzymatic reactions cooperating with click transformations. Bio-click chemistry can be understood as the approach towards molecules of high-value using a green and sustainable approach by exploiting the potential of biocatalytic enzyme activity combined with the reliable nature of click reactions. This review summarizes the principal bio-click chemistry reactions reported over the last two decades, with a special emphasis on small molecules. Contributions to the field of bio-click chemistry are manifold, but the synthesis of chiral molecules with applications in medicinal chemistry and sustainable syntheses will be especially highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego F Rodríguez
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Chile
| | - Yanina Moglie
- Departamento de Química, INQUISUR, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET Argentina
| | - César A Ramírez-Sarmiento
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile.,ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) Santiago Chile
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University Phagwara 144411 Punjab India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney Ultimo Australia
| | - Flavia C Zacconi
- Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Chile .,Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile.,Centro de Investigaciones en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados, CIEN-UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile
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16
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Ma S, Mandalapu D, Wang S, Zhang Q. Biosynthesis of cyclopropane in natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:926-945. [PMID: 34860231 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2012 to 2021Cyclopropane attracts wide interests in the fields of synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry, and chemical biology because of its unique structural and chemical properties. This structural motif is widespread in natural products, and is usually essential for biological activities. Nature has evolved diverse strategies to access this structural motif, and increasing knowledge of the enzymes forming cyclopropane (i.e., cyclopropanases) has been revealed over the last two decades. Here, the scientific literature from the last two decades relating to cyclopropane biosynthesis is summarized, and the enzymatic cyclopropanations, according to reaction mechanism, which can be grouped into two major pathways according to whether the reaction involves an exogenous C1 unit from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) or not, is discussed. The reactions can further be classified based on the key intermediates required prior to cyclopropane formation, which can be carbocations, carbanions, or carbon radicals. Besides the general biosynthetic pathways of the cyclopropane-containing natural products, particular emphasis is placed on the mechanism and engineering of the enzymes required for forming this unique structure motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suze Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | | | - Shu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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17
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Cao F, Tao WT, Yu Q, Xu CX, Cheng JT, Liu RX, Zhao QW, Jiang XH, Liu Y, Li YQ, Zhan ZJ, Shi T, Mao XM. Discovery of Semi-Pinacolases from the Epoxide Hydrolase Family during Efficient Assembly of a Fungal Polyketide. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cao
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Tao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chu-Xuan Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jin-Tao Cheng
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruo-Xi Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qing-Wei Zhao
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Hang Jiang
- Equipment and Technology Service Platform, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Equipment and Technology Service Platform, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong-Quan Li
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xu-Ming Mao
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Biochemistry and Metabolic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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18
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Jiang C, He BB, Zhao RL, Xu MJ, Houk KN, Zhao YL. Computational Exploration of How Enzyme XimE Converts Natural S-Epoxide to Pyran and R-Epoxide to Furan. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei-Bei He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rosalinda L. Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Min-Juan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yi-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Einsiedler M, Jamieson CS, Maskeri MA, Houk KN, Gulder TAM. Fungal Dioxygenase AsqJ Is Promiscuous and Bimodal: Substrate-Directed Formation of Quinolones versus Quinazolinones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8297-8302. [PMID: 33411393 PMCID: PMC8049060 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the FeII/α‐ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase AsqJ induces a skeletal rearrangement in viridicatin biosynthesis in Aspergillus nidulans, generating a quinolone scaffold from benzo[1,4]diazepine‐2,5‐dione substrates. We report that AsqJ catalyzes an additional, entirely different reaction, simply by a change in substituent in the benzodiazepinedione substrate. This new mechanism is established by substrate screening, application of functional probes, and computational analysis. AsqJ excises H2CO from the heterocyclic ring structure of suitable benzo[1,4]diazepine‐2,5‐dione substrates to generate quinazolinones. This novel AsqJ catalysis pathway is governed by a single substituent within the complex substrate. This unique substrate‐directed reactivity of AsqJ enables the targeted biocatalytic generation of either quinolones or quinazolinones, two alkaloid frameworks of exceptional biomedical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Einsiedler
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cooper S Jamieson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1569, USA
| | - Mark A Maskeri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1569, USA
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1569, USA
| | - Tobias A M Gulder
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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20
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Einsiedler M, Jamieson CS, Maskeri MA, Houk KN, Gulder TAM. Fungal Dioxygenase AsqJ Is Promiscuous and Bimodal: Substrate‐Directed Formation of Quinolones versus Quinazolinones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Einsiedler
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Chair of Technical Biochemistry Technical University of Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Cooper S. Jamieson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Mark A. Maskeri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1569 USA
| | - Tobias A. M. Gulder
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Chair of Technical Biochemistry Technical University of Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
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21
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Wei Q, Zeng HC, Zou Y. Divergent Biosynthesis of Fungal Dioxafenestrane Sesquiterpenes by the Cooperation of Distinctive Baeyer–Villiger Monooxygenases and α-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Chun Zeng
- College of Chemical and Engineering, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Zhang Z, Qiao T, Watanabe K, Tang Y. Concise Biosynthesis of Phenylfuropyridones in Fungi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Tianzhang Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
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23
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Concise Biosynthesis of Phenylfuropyridones in Fungi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19889-19893. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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24
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Abstract
Quinolone-containing natural products are widely found in bacteria, fungi, and plants. The fungal quinolactacins, which are N-methyl-4-quinolones, display a wide spectrum of biological activities. Here we uncovered a concise nonribosomal peptide synthetase pathway involved in quinolactacin A biosynthesis from Penicillium by using heterologous reconstitution and in vitro enzymatic synthesis. The N-desmethyl analog of quinolactacin A was accessed through the construction of a hybrid bacterial and fungi pathway in the heterologous host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Masao Ohashi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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25
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Rudolf JD, Chang CY. Terpene synthases in disguise: enzymology, structure, and opportunities of non-canonical terpene synthases. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:425-463. [PMID: 31650156 PMCID: PMC7101268 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to July 2019 Terpene synthases (TSs) are responsible for generating much of the structural diversity found in the superfamily of terpenoid natural products. These elegant enzymes mediate complex carbocation-based cyclization and rearrangement cascades with a variety of electron-rich linear and cyclic substrates. For decades, two main classes of TSs, divided by how they generate the reaction-triggering initial carbocation, have dominated the field of terpene enzymology. Recently, several novel and unconventional TSs that perform TS-like reactions but do not resemble canonical TSs in sequence or structure have been discovered. In this review, we identify 12 families of non-canonical TSs and examine their sequences, structures, functions, and proposed mechanisms. Nature provides a wide diversity of enzymes, including prenyltransferases, methyltransferases, P450s, and NAD+-dependent dehydrogenases, as well as completely new enzymes, that utilize distinctive reaction mechanisms for TS chemistry. These unique non-canonical TSs provide immense opportunities to understand how nature evolved different tools for terpene biosynthesis by structural and mechanistic characterization while affording new probes for the discovery of novel terpenoid natural products and gene clusters via genome mining. With every new discovery, the dualistic paradigm of TSs is contradicted and the field of terpene chemistry and enzymology continues to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Rudolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Chin-Yuan Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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26
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Sulzbach M, Kunjapur AM. The Pathway Less Traveled: Engineering Biosynthesis of Nonstandard Functional Groups. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:532-545. [PMID: 31954529 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The field of metabolic engineering has achieved biochemical routes for conversion of renewable inputs to structurally diverse chemicals, but these products contain a limited number of chemical functional groups. In this review, we provide an overview of the progression of uncommon or 'nonstandard' functional groups from the elucidation of their biosynthetic machinery to the pathway optimization framework of metabolic engineering. We highlight exemplary efforts from primarily the last 5 years for biosynthesis of aldehyde, ester, terminal alkyne, terminal alkene, fluoro, epoxide, nitro, nitroso, nitrile, and hydrazine functional groups. These representative nonstandard functional groups vary in development stage and showcase the pipeline of chemical diversity that could soon appear within customized, biologically produced molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Sulzbach
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Aditya M Kunjapur
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
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27
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Chen X, Wang L, Zhang J, Jiang T, Hu C, Li D, Zou Y. Immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid biosynthesis employs a new globin-like enzyme for prenyl side chain cleavage. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:1253-1258. [PMID: 31867170 PMCID: PMC6900556 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycophenolic acid (MPA, 1) and its derivatives are first-line immunosuppressants used in organ transplantation and for treating autoimmune diseases. Despite chemical synthetic achievements, the biosynthetic formation of a seven-carbon carboxylic acid pharmacophore side chain of 1, especially the processes involving the cleavage of the prenyl side chain between DHMP (4) and DMMPA (5), remains unknown. In this work, we identified a membrane-bound prenyltransferase, PgMpaA, that transfers FPP to 4 to yield FDHMP (6). Compound 6 undergoes the first cleavage step via a new globin-like enzyme PgMpaB to form a cryptic intermediate 12. Heterologous expression of PgMpa genes in Aspergillus nidulans demonstrates that the second cleavage step (from 12 to 5) of 1 is a PgMpa cluster-independent process in vivo. Our results, especially the discovery of the broad tolerance of substrates recognized by PgMpaB, set up a strategy for the formation of "pseudo-isopentenyl" natural products using fungal globin-like enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jinmei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changhua Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yi Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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28
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Carter AC, Petersen CL, Wendt KL, Helff SK, Risinger AL, Mooberry SL, Cichewicz RH. In Situ Ring Contraction and Transformation of the Rhizoxin Macrocycle through an Abiotic Pathway. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:886-894. [PMID: 30865445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A Rhizopus sp. culture containing an endosymbiont partner ( Burkholderia sp.) was obtained through a citizen-science-based soil-collection program. An extract prepared from the pair of organisms exhibited strong inhibition of Ewing sarcoma cells and was selected for bioassay-guided fractionation. This led to the purification of rhizoxin (1), a potent antimitotic agent that inhibited microtubule polymerization, along with several new (2-5) and known (6) analogues of 1. The structures of 2-6 were established using a combination of NMR data analysis, while the configurations of the new stereocenters were determined using ROESY spectroscopy and comparison of GIAO-derived and experimental data for NMR chemical shift and 3 JHH coupling values. Whereas compound 1 showed modest selectivity for Ewing sarcoma cell lines carrying the EWSR1/ FLI1 fusion gene, the other compounds were determined to be inactive. Chemically, compound 2 stands out from other rhizoxin analogues because it is the first member of this class that is reported to contain a one-carbon-smaller 15-membered macrolactone system. Through a combination of experimental and computational tests, we determined that 2 is likely formed via an acid-catalyzed Meinwald rearrangement from 1 because of the mild acidic culture environment created by the Rhizopus sp. isolate and its symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Carter
- Natural Product Discovery Group, Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
| | - Cora L Petersen
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas 78229 , United States
| | - Karen L Wendt
- Natural Product Discovery Group, Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
| | - Sara K Helff
- Natural Product Discovery Group, Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
| | - April L Risinger
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas 78229 , United States
- Mays Cancer Center , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas 78229 , United States
| | - Susan L Mooberry
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas 78229 , United States
- Mays Cancer Center , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas 78229 , United States
| | - Robert H Cichewicz
- Natural Product Discovery Group, Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
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Muthukrishnan I, Sridharan V, Menéndez JC. Progress in the Chemistry of Tetrahydroquinolines. Chem Rev 2019; 119:5057-5191. [PMID: 30963764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroquinoline is one of the most important simple nitrogen heterocycles, being widespread in nature and present in a broad variety of pharmacologically active compounds. This Review summarizes the progress achieved in the chemistry of tetrahydroquinolines, with emphasis on their synthesis, during the period from mid-2010 to early 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isravel Muthukrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA Deemed University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA Deemed University , Thanjavur 613401 , Tamil Nadu , India.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences , Central University of Jammu , Rahya-Suchani (Bagla) , District-Samba, Jammu 181143 , Jammu and Kashmir , India
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Unidad de Química Orgańica y Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid , Spain
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30
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Lin TS, Chen B, Chiang YM, Wang CCC. Discovery and Elucidation of the Biosynthesis of Aspernidgulenes: Novel Polyenes from Aspergillus Nidulans by Using Serial Promoter Replacement. Chembiochem 2018; 20:329-334. [PMID: 30302871 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Through serial promoter exchanges, we isolated several novel polyenes, the aspernidgulenes, from Aspergillus nidulans and uncovered their succinct biosynthetic pathway involving only four enzymes. An enoyl reductase (ER)-less highly reducing polyketide synthase (HR-PKS) putatively produces a 5,6-dihydro-α-pyrone polyene, which undergoes bisepoxidation, epoxide ring opening, cyclization, and hydrolytic cleavage by three tailoring enzymes to generate aspernidgulene A1 and A2. Our findings demonstrate the prowess of fungal-tailoring enzymes to transform a polyketide scaffold concisely and efficiently into complex structures. Moreover, comparison with citreoviridin and aurovertin biosynthesis suggests that methylation of the α-pyrone hydroxy group by methyltransferase (CtvB or AurB) is the branching point at which the biosynthesis of these two classes of compounds diverge. Therefore, scanning for the presence or absence of the gatekeeping α-pyrone methyltransferase gene in homologous clusters might be a potential way to classify the product bioinformatically as belonging to methylated α-pyrone polyenes or polyenes containing rings derived from the cyclization of the unmethylated 5,6-dihydro-α-pyrone, such as 2,3-dimethyl-γ-lactone and oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Shyang Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Bethany Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yi-Ming Chiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan
| | - Clay C C Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Department of Chemistry, College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
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31
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Enzymatic one-step ring contraction for quinolone biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2826. [PMID: 30026518 PMCID: PMC6053404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The 6,6-quinolone scaffolds on which viridicatin-type fungal alkaloids are built are frequently found in metabolites that display useful biological activities. Here we report in vitro and computational analyses leading to the discovery of a hemocyanin-like protein AsqI from the Aspergillus nidulans aspoquinolone biosynthetic pathway that forms viridicatins via a conversion of the cyclopenin-type 6,7-bicyclic system into the viridicatin-type 6,6-bicyclic core through elimination of carbon dioxide and methylamine through methyl isocyanate. Viridicatin is a fungal alkaloid. Here, the authors identify and characterize the cyclopenase that catalyzes the last step of its biosynthesis in Aspergillus nidulans, the conversion of cyclopenin to viridicatin, and find that the reaction proceeds via an unusual elimination mechanism.
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Vece V, Jakkepally S, Hanessian S. Total Synthesis and Absolute Stereochemical Assignment of the Insecticidal Metabolites Yaequinolones J1 and J2. Org Lett 2018; 20:4277-4280. [PMID: 29975546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A highly stereocontrolled total synthesis of (-)-yaequinolone J1 and (+)-yaequinolone J2 was accomplished using an Evans auxiliary to establish a syn-diol unit in an acyclic appendage to a preformed benzopyran core bearing a homoprenyl group. The first total synthesis of a complex member of this family of 3,4-dioxygenated 3,4-dihydro 4-aryl quinolin-2-(1 H)-ones also allowed the assignment of absolute stereochemistry, thereby suggesting the same for several members of this family of biogenetically related alkaloids hitherto reported with relative configurations of stereogenic carbons for some and absolute assignments relying on empirical data for others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Vece
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , P.O. Box 6128, Succ., Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada , H3C 3J7
| | - Shashidhar Jakkepally
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , P.O. Box 6128, Succ., Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada , H3C 3J7
| | - Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry , Université de Montréal , P.O. Box 6128, Succ., Centre-ville, Montréal , Québec , Canada , H3C 3J7
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Engleder M, Pichler H. On the current role of hydratases in biocatalysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:5841-5858. [PMID: 29785499 PMCID: PMC6013536 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Water addition to carbon-carbon double bonds provides access to value-added products from inexpensive organic feedstock. This interesting but relatively little-studied reaction is catalysed by hydratases in a highly regio- and enantiospecific fashion with excellent atom economy. Considering that asymmetric hydration of (non-activated) carbon-carbon double bonds is virtually impossible with current organic chemistry, enzymatic hydration reactions are highly attractive for industrial applications. Hydratases have been known for several decades but their biocatalytic potential has only been explored over the past 15 years. As a result, a considerable amount of information on this enzyme group has become available, enabling their development for practical applications. This review focuses on hydratases catalysing water addition to non-activated carbon-carbon double bonds, and examines hydratases from a biochemical, structural and mechanistic angle. Current challenges and opportunities in hydration biocatalysis are discussed, and, ultimately, their potential for organic synthesis is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Engleder
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Petersgasse 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Pichler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Petersgasse 8010, Graz, Austria.
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Abstract
Enzymes in biosynthetic pathways, especially in plant and microbial metabolism, generate structural and functional group complexity in small molecules by conversion of acyclic frameworks to cyclic scaffolds via short, efficient routes. The distinct chemical logic used by several distinct classes of cyclases, oxidative and non-oxidative, has recently been elucidated by genome mining, heterologous expression, and genetic and mechanistic analyses. These include enzymes performing pericyclic transformations, pyran synthases, tandem acting epoxygenases, and epoxide "hydrolases", as well as oxygenases and radical S-adenosylmethionine enzymes that involve rearrangements of substrate radicals under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Walsh
- Stanford University Chemistry, Engineering, and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
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Free radical rearrangement synthesis and microbiological evaluation of novel 2-sulfoether-4-quinolone scaffolds as potential antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 154:144-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gao SS, Zhang T, Garcia-Borràs M, Hung YS, Billingsley JM, Houk KN, Hu Y, Tang Y. Biosynthesis of Heptacyclic Duclauxins Requires Extensive Redox Modifications of the Phenalenone Aromatic Polyketide. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6991-6997. [PMID: 29741874 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Duclauxins are dimeric and heptacyclic fungal polyketides with notable bioactivities. We characterized the cascade of redox transformations in the biosynthetic pathway of duclauxin from Talaromyces stipitatus. The redox reaction sequence is initiated by a cupin family dioxygenase DuxM that performs an oxidative cleavage of the peri-fused tricyclic phenalenone and affords a transient hemiketal-oxaphenalenone intermediate. Additional redox enzymes then morph the oxaphenoalenone into either an anhydride or a dihydrocoumarin-containing monomeric building block that is found in dimeric duxlauxins. Oxidative coupling between the monomers to form the initial C-C bond was shown to be catalyzed by a P450 monooxygenase, although the enzyme responsible for the second C-C bond formation was not found in the pathway. Collectively, the number and variety of redox enzymes used in the duclauxin pathway showcase Nature's strategy to generate structural complexity during natural product biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines , Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
| | | | | | | | | | - Youcai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines , Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050 , China
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Moore BS. Asymmetric Alkene and Arene Halofunctionalization Reactions in Meroterpenoid Biosynthesis. Synlett 2018; 29:401-409. [PMID: 31031546 PMCID: PMC6483395 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1590919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Meroterpenoid natural products are important bioactive molecules with broad distribution throughout nature. In Streptomyces bacteria, naphthoquinone-based meroterpenoids comprise a simple yet structurally fascinating group of natural product antibiotics that are enzymatically constructed through a series of asymmetric alkene and arene halofunctionalization reactions. This account article highlights our discovery and characterization of a group of vanadium-dependent chloroperoxidase enzymes that catalyze halogen-assisted cyclization and rearrangement reactions and have inspired biomimetic syntheses of numerous meroterpenoid natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley S Moore
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography & Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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38
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Gao L, Narita K, Ozaki T, Kumakura N, Gan P, Minami A, Liu C, Lei X, Shirasu K, Oikawa H. Identification of novel sesterterpenes by genome mining of phytopathogenic fungi Phoma and Colletotrichum sp. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Serrano-Hervás E, Garcia-Borràs M, Osuna S. Exploring the origins of selectivity in soluble epoxide hydrolase from Bacillus megaterium. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:8827-8835. [PMID: 29026902 PMCID: PMC5708342 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01847a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolase (EH) enzymes catalyze the hydration of racemic epoxides to yield their corresponding vicinal diols. In this work, the Bacillus megaterium epoxide hydrolase (BmEH)-mediated hydrolysis of racemic styrene oxide (rac-SO) and its para-nitro styrene oxide (rac-p-NSO) derivative are computationally investigated using density functional theory (DFT).
Epoxide hydrolase (EH) enzymes catalyze the hydration of racemic epoxides to yield their corresponding vicinal diols. These enzymes present different enantio- and regioselectivity depending upon either the substrate structure or the substitution pattern of the epoxide ring. In this study, we computationally investigate the Bacillus megaterium epoxide hydrolase (BmEH)-mediated hydrolysis of racemic styrene oxide (rac-SO) and its para-nitro styrene oxide (rac-p-NSO) derivative using density functional theory (DFT) and an active site cluster model consisting of 195 and 197 atoms, respectively. Full reaction mechanisms for epoxide ring opening were evaluated considering the attack at both oxirane carbons and considering two possible orientations of the substrate at the BmEH active site. Our results indicate that for both SO and p-NSO substrates the BmEH enantio- and regioselectivity is opposite to the inherent (R)-BmEH selectivity, the attack at the benzylic position (C1) of the (S)-enantiomer being the most favoured chemical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eila Serrano-Hervás
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Marc Garcia-Borràs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Sílvia Osuna
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Carrer Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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Hints of hidden chemistry. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:815. [DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Oxidative cyclizations are important transformations that occur widely during natural product biosynthesis. The transformations from acyclic precursors to cyclized products can afford morphed scaffolds, structural rigidity, and biological activities. Some of the most dramatic structural alterations in natural product biosynthesis occur through oxidative cyclization. In this Review, we examine the different strategies used by nature to create new intra(inter)molecular bonds via redox chemistry. This Review will cover both oxidation- and reduction-enabled cyclization mechanisms, with an emphasis on the former. Radical cyclizations catalyzed by P450, nonheme iron, α-KG-dependent oxygenases, and radical SAM enzymes are discussed to illustrate the use of molecular oxygen and S-adenosylmethionine to forge new bonds at unactivated sites via one-electron manifolds. Nonradical cyclizations catalyzed by flavin-dependent monooxygenases and NAD(P)H-dependent reductases are covered to show the use of two-electron manifolds in initiating cyclization reactions. The oxidative installations of epoxides and halogens into acyclic scaffolds to drive subsequent cyclizations are separately discussed as examples of "disappearing" reactive handles. Last, oxidative rearrangement of rings systems, including contractions and expansions, will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Cheng Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Christopher T. Walsh
- Stanford University Chemistry, Engineering, and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Luo J, Huang WS, Hu SM, Zhang PP, Zhou XW, Wang XB, Yang MH, Luo JG, Wang C, Liu C, Yao HQ, Zhang C, Sun HB, Chen YJ, Kong LY. Rearranged limonoids with unique 6/5/6/5 tetracarbocyclic skeletons from Toona ciliata and biomimetic structure divergence. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00678k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rearranged limonoids with 6/5/6/5 carbon skeletons, were characterized as metabolite and biomimetic products.
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