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Sihali-Beloui O, Aroune D, Bellahreche Z, Haniche N, Termeche A, Semiane N, Mallek A, Marco S. Metabolic disorders induced the changes in the expressions of TNFα, E-cadherin and ultrastructural alteration of liver cells in a typical animal model of type 2 diabetes: Psammomys obesus. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102396. [PMID: 38703582 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
By using a unique animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, Psammomys obesus induced by a high-calorie diet (HCD) for nine months, we showed for the first time, in the liver, the impact of inflammation on the remodeling of intercellular junction molecules E-cadherins during the progression of steatohepatitis. Under the effect of HCD, the expressions of immunohistochemical markers, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα) and E-cadherins were inversely correlated. Ultrastructural examination revealed the involvement of destabilization and loss of E-cadherins in the process of hepatic pathogenesis. This mechanical maintenance stress was favored by the recruitment of immune cells which contributed to the triggering and progression of fibrosis by the enlargement of the intercellular space and the invasion of collagen fibers. Furthermore to escape cell death, loss of E-cadherins played a major role in mediating fibrosis. Psammomys obesus is a promising model for experimental research, enabling the extrapolation of observed structural and functional alterations in humans, the objective to find new therapeutic targets. The physiological resemblance between Psammomys obesus and humans enhances the precision and relevance of biomedical research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouahiba Sihali-Beloui
- LBPO/ Tamayouz/ Nutrition & Metabolism, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Djamila Aroune
- LBPO/ Tamayouz/ Nutrition & Metabolism, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Zineb Bellahreche
- LBPO/ Tamayouz/ Nutrition & Metabolism, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nadia Haniche
- LBPO/ Tamayouz/ Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Amel Termeche
- LBPO/ Tamayouz/ Nutrition & Metabolism, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nesrine Semiane
- LBPO/ Tamayouz/ Nutrition & Metabolism, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aicha Mallek
- LBPO/ Tamayouz/ Nutrition & Metabolism, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Sergio Marco
- French Institute of Health and Medical Research | Inserm, France
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Karakousi T, Mudianto T, Lund AW. Lymphatic vessels in the age of cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:363-381. [PMID: 38605228 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Lymphatic transport maintains homeostatic health and is necessary for immune surveillance, and yet lymphatic growth is often associated with solid tumour development and dissemination. Although tumour-associated lymphatic remodelling and growth were initially presumed to simply expand a passive route for regional metastasis, emerging research puts lymphatic vessels and their active transport at the interface of metastasis, tumour-associated inflammation and systemic immune surveillance. Here, we discuss active mechanisms through which lymphatic vessels shape their transport function to influence peripheral tissue immunity and the current understanding of how tumour-associated lymphatic vessels may both augment and disrupt antitumour immune surveillance. We end by looking forward to emerging areas of interest in the field of cancer immunotherapy in which lymphatic vessels and their transport function are likely key players: the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures, immune surveillance in the central nervous system, the microbiome, obesity and ageing. The lessons learnt support a working framework that defines the lymphatic system as a key determinant of both local and systemic inflammatory networks and thereby a crucial player in the response to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triantafyllia Karakousi
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tenny Mudianto
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda W Lund
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Ozmen O, Milletsever A, Tasan S, Selcuk E, Savran M. The effects of cannabidiol against Methotrexate-induced lung damage. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:695-703. [PMID: 38388876 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a widely used medication for various cancers, yet its use is associated with adverse effects on organs, notably the lungs. Cannabidiol (CBD), known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, was investigated for its potential protective effects against MTX-induced lung injury. Thirty-two female Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups: control, MTX (single 20 mg/kg intraperitoneal dose), MTX + CBD (single 20 mg/kg MTX with 0.1 ml of 5 mg/kg CBD for 7 days intraperitoneally) and CBD only (for 7 days). Lung tissues were analysed using histopathological, immunohistochemical and PCR methods after the study. Histopathological assessment of the MTX group revealed lung lesions like hyperemia, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial cell loss. Immunohistochemical examination showed significant increases in Cas-3, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expressions. PCR analysis indicated elevated expressions of apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (Apaf 1), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP 78), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and cytochrome C (Cyt C), along with reduced B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL 2) expressions in the MTX group, though not statistically significant. Remarkably, CBD treatment reversed these findings. This study highlights CBD's potential in mitigating MTX-induced lung damage, suggesting its therapeutic promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozmen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Adem Milletsever
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Serife Tasan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Esma Selcuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Savran
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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4
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Tang L, Xu H, Wu T, Wu W, Lu Y, Gu J, Wang X, Zhou M, Chen Q, Sun X, Cai H. Advances in tumor microenvironment and underlying molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer: a systematic review. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:111. [PMID: 38602556 PMCID: PMC11009183 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumors of the urinary system. The prevalence of bladder cancer among men and women is roughly 5:2, and both its incidence and death have been rising steadily over the past few years. At the moment, metastasis and recurrence of advanced bladder cancer-which are believed to be connected to the malfunction of multigene and multilevel cell signaling network-remain the leading causes of bladder cancer-related death. The therapeutic treatment of bladder cancer will be greatly aided by the elucidation of these mechanisms. New concepts for the treatment of bladder cancer have been made possible by the advancement of research technologies and a number of new treatment options, including immunotherapy and targeted therapy. In this paper, we will extensively review the development of the tumor microenvironment and the possible molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Tang
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haifei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nantong Tumor Hospital and Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jijia Gu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Urology, Nantong Tumor Hospital and Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiuyang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongzhou Cai
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Xu NY, Li J, Wang ML, Chen XY, Tang R, Liu XQ. Fabrication of a Coculture Organoid Model in the Biomimetic Matrix of Alginate to Investigate Breast Cancer Progression in a TAMs-Leading Immune Microenvironment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11275-11288. [PMID: 38383056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The current research models of breast cancer are usually limited in their capacity to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment in vitro. The lack of an extracellular matrix (ECM) oversimplifies cell-cell or cell-ECM cross-talks. Moreover, the lack of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), that can comprise up to 50% of some solid neoplasms, poses a major problem for recognizing various hallmarks of cancer. To address these concerns, a type of direct breast cancer cells (BCCs)-TAMs coculture organoid model was well developed by a sequential culture method in this study. Alginate cryogels were fabricated with appropriate physical and mechanical properties to serve as an alternative ECM. Then, our previous experience was leveraged to polarize TAMs inside of the cryogels for creating an in vitro immune microenvironment. The direct coculture significantly enhanced BCCs organoid growth and cancer aggressive phenotypes, including the stemness, migration, ECM remodeling, and cytokine secretion. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis and protein-protein interaction networks implied certain pathways (PI3K-Akt pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, etc.) and targets (TNF, PPARG, TLR2, etc.) during breast cancer progression in a TAM-leading immune microenvironment. Future studies to advance treatment strategies for BCC patients may benefit from using this facile model to reveal and target the interactions between cancer signaling and the immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Yuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Ruizhi Tang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Qiu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
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de Jesus FN, von der Weid PY. Increased contractile activity and dilation of popliteal lymphatic vessels in the TNF-α-overexpressing TNF ΔARE/+ arthritic mouse. Life Sci 2023; 335:122247. [PMID: 37940071 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS TNF-α acute treatment has been found to disrupt lymphatic drainage in the setting of arthritis through the NF-kB-iNOS- signaling pathway. We examined whether popliteal lymphatic vessels (pLVs) contractile activity was altered in 12- and 24- week-old females of an arthritic mouse model overexpressing TNF-α (TNFΔARE/+). MAIN METHODS pLVs were prepared for intravital imaging to measure lymph flow speed, and ex vivo functional responses to a stepwise increase in transmural pressure in the absence or presence of the non-selective NOS inhibitor (L-NNA) or the selective iNOS inhibitor (1400W) were compared between TNFΔARE/+ and WT mice. Total eNOS (t-eNOS) and eNOS phosphorylated at ser1177 (p-eNOS) were evaluated by western blotting. KEY FINDINGS In vivo imaging revealed a significantly increase in lymph flow speed in TNFΔARE/+ mice in comparison to WT at both ages. Pressure myography showed an increase in contraction frequency, diameters and fractional pump flow at both ages, whereas amplitude and ejection fraction were significantly decreased in older TNFΔARE/+ mice. Additionally, contraction frequency was increased in the presence of 1400W, and systolic diameter was abolished with L-NNA in TNFΔARE/+ mice compared to WT. Significant increases in p-eNOS expression and neutrophil recruitment (MPO activity) were observed in TNFΔARE/+ mice compared to WT. SIGNIFICANCE Our data reveal functional changes in pLVs, especially in advanced stage of arthritis. These alterations may be related to eNOS and iNOS response, which can affect drainage of the inflammatory content from the joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Neto de Jesus
- Inflammation Research Network, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Pierre-Yves von der Weid
- Inflammation Research Network, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
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7
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Liu Y, Xu L, Du H, Feng J, Zhang W, Li H, Xu F, Lin J, Fu H, Zhao X, Zheng Y, Chang LJ, Shu G. Effects of adding tea tree oil on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal function of broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102936. [PMID: 37708764 PMCID: PMC10506096 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding tea tree oil (TTO) in the basal diet on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal function in broilers. This study utilized 1,650 one-day-old broilers with good health and similar body weight. Subjects were randomized into 5 groups with 6 replicates each: the control group (CON, basal diet), positive control group (PCG, basal diet + 100 mg/kg oregano oil in diet), low-dose TTO group (TTO-L, 50 mg/kg TTO added in the basal diet), medium-dose TTO group (TTO-M, 100 mg/kg TTO added in the basal diet), and high-dose TTO group (TTO-H, 200 mg/kg TTO added in the basal diet). The whole test period lasted 28 d. The results showed that the broilers fed with TTO supplemented diet had significantly higher body weight and average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.013), and had a lower feed conversion ratio (F/G) (P = 0.010) throughout the trial period. The index of thymus in TTO-M increased significantly compared to CON (P = 0.015) on d 28. On d 14 and 28, C3, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 levels in TTO-L serum were significantly increased (P < 0.001); the 3 test groups supplemented with TTO had significantly higher titers of avian influenza H9 subtype in their serum (P < 0.05). Tea tree oil supplement in the diet also had a positive and significant effect on the intestinal morphology of broilers throughout the experiment (P < 0.05). These results indicate that TTO has the ability to promote broiler growth, regulate immunity, and improve intestinal morphology. The proposed dosage of adding 50 mg/kg in broiler basal diets provides a theoretical basis for its subsequent use in livestock feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haohuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Funeng Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juchun Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hualing Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilei Zheng
- Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jen Chang
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gang Shu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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Wang L, Yi S, Teng Y, Li W, Cai J. Role of the tumor microenvironment in the lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:486. [PMID: 37753293 PMCID: PMC10518654 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic metastasis is the primary type of cervical cancer metastasis and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis in patients. The tumor microenvironment primarily includes cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, immune and inflammatory cells, and blood and lymphatic vascular networks, which can promote the establishment of lymphatic metastatic sites within immunosuppressive microenvironments or promote lymphatic metastasis by stimulating lymphangiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. As the most important feature of the tumor microenvironment, hypoxia plays an essential role in lymph node metastasis. In this review, the known mechanisms of hypoxia, and the involvement of stromal components and immune inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment of lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer are discussed. Additionally, a summary of the clinical trials targeting the tumor microenvironment for the treatment of cervical cancer is provided, emphasizing the potential and challenges of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yun Teng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Wenhan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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9
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De Nunzio V, Donghia R, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Calò N, Notarnicola M. Serum Cytokine and miRNA Levels Are Differently Expressed in Right- and Left-Sided Colon Cancer. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5986. [PMID: 37762927 PMCID: PMC10532301 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor location in colorectal cancer (right- or left-sided colon cancer) is a key factor in determining disease progression. Right- and left-sided colon tumors are different in their clinical and molecular characteristics. Dysregulation of serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), known to be a growth-limiting and differentiation-promoting factor, as well as changes in miRNAs expression, are the major signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of this neoplasia. In the serum from 60 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, we compared the differences in the expression of the levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, and PPAR-γ and in the expression of the main human miRNAs between right and left CRC. A significant over-expression in the TGF-β and TNF-α levels was observed in the serum from right-sided colon cancer patients. For the PPAR-γ, the patients with CRC located on the right-side showed lower levels than those detected in the serum from left-sided CRC subjects. Furthermore, significant differences also existed in the expression of specific circulating miRNAs between right- and left-sided CRC. In particular, the right upregulated miRNAs were all involved in the cell growth and proliferation related pathways. These findings confirm that the analysis of circulating levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, and PPAR-γ, as well as the study of the specific miRNAs in the serum, are able to identify specific characteristics of CRC patients, useful for choosing a personalized treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Notarnicola
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis”, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (V.D.N.); (R.D.); (P.L.P.); (S.C.); (N.C.)
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10
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Fang J, Lu Y, Zheng J, Jiang X, Shen H, Shang X, Lu Y, Fu P. Exploring the crosstalk between endothelial cells, immune cells, and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment: new insights and therapeutic implications. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:586. [PMID: 37666809 PMCID: PMC10477350 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly intricate milieu, comprising a multitude of components, including immune cells and stromal cells, that exert a profound influence on tumor initiation and progression. Within the TME, angiogenesis is predominantly orchestrated by endothelial cells (ECs), which foster the proliferation and metastasis of malignant cells. The interplay between tumor and immune cells with ECs is complex and can either bolster or hinder the immune system. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate crosstalk between ECs and immune cells is essential to advance the development of immunotherapeutic interventions. Despite recent progress, the underlying molecular mechanisms that govern the interplay between ECs and immune cells remain elusive. Nevertheless, the immunomodulatory function of ECs has emerged as a pivotal determinant of the immune response. In light of this, the study of the relationship between ECs and immune checkpoints has garnered considerable attention in the field of immunotherapy. By targeting specific molecular pathways and signaling molecules associated with ECs in the TME, novel immunotherapeutic strategies may be devised to enhance the efficacy of current treatments. In this vein, we sought to elucidate the relationship between ECs, immune cells, and immune checkpoints in the TME, with the ultimate goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets and charting new avenues for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Fang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, 313000, Huzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Six Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 323000, Lishui, China
| | - Xiaocong Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haixing Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Cixi People's Hospital, 315300, Cixi, China
| | - Xi Shang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, 318000, Taizhou, China
| | - Yuexin Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Zhao L, Bi Y, Zhao J, Gao C, Si X, Dai H, Asmamaw MD, Zhang Q, Chen W, Liu H. The role of lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in cancer metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115207. [PMID: 37499455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the main reason for cancer-related death, but there is still a lack of effective therapeutic to inhibit tumor metastasis. Therefore, the discovery and study of new tumor metastasis regulators is a prominent measure for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of non-coding RNAs over 200 bp in length. It has been shown that the abnormally expressed lncRNAs promote tumor metastasis by participating in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, altering the metastatic tumor microenvironment, or changing the extracellular matrix. It is,thus, critical to explore the regulation of lncRNAs expression in cells and the molecular mechanism of lncRNA-mediated cancer metastasis. Simultaneously, it has been shown that lncRNA is one kind of the main components of exosomes, which protects lncRNAs from being rapidly degraded. Meanwhile, the components of exosomes are parent-specific, making exosomal lncRNAs to be potential tumor metastasis markers and therapeutic targets. In view of this, we also summarized the aberrant enrichment of lncRNAs in exosomes and their role in metastatic cancer. The aberrant lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs gradually become biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumor metastatic, and the potential of lncRNAs in therapeutics are studied here. Besides, the lncRNA-related databases, which could greatly facilitate in the study of lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in metastatic of cancer are included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China; The People's Hospital of Zhang Dian District, Zibo, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Yaping Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Jinyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiaojie Si
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Honglin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Moges Dessale Asmamaw
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China
| | - Qiurong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China.
| | - Wenchao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; Zhengzhou University People's Hospital; Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou China.
| | - Hongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou China.
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Faragher JL, Auger JL, Osinski V, Meier LA, Engelson BJ, Firulyova MM, Gonzalez-Torres MI, Brombacher F, Zaitsev K, Marath A, Binstadt BA. Autoimmune Valvular Carditis Requires Endothelial Cell TNFR1 Expression. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:943-957. [PMID: 37021574 PMCID: PMC10213135 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.319025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a key driver of cardiovascular pathology, and many systemic autoimmune/rheumatic diseases are accompanied by increased cardiac risk. In the K/B.g7 mouse model of coexisting systemic autoantibody-mediated arthritis and valvular carditis, valve inflammation depends on macrophage production of TNF (tumor necrosis factor) and IL-6 (interleukin-6). Here, we sought to determine if other canonical inflammatory pathways participate and to determine whether TNF signaling through TNFR1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor 1) on endothelial cells is required for valvular carditis. METHODS We first asked if type 1, 2, or 3 inflammatory cytokine systems (typified by IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-17, respectively) were critical for valvular carditis in K/B.g7 mice, using a combination of in vivo monoclonal antibody blockade and targeted genetic ablation studies. To define the key cellular targets of TNF, we conditionally deleted its main proinflammatory receptor, TNFR1, in endothelial cells. We analyzed how the absence of endothelial cell TNFR1 affected valve inflammation, lymphangiogenesis, and the expression of proinflammatory genes and molecules. RESULTS We found that typical type 1, 2, and 3 inflammatory cytokine systems were not required for valvular carditis, apart from a known initial requirement of IL-4 for autoantibody production. Despite expression of TNFR1 on a wide variety of cell types in the cardiac valve, deleting TNFR1 specifically on endothelial cells protected K/B.g7 mice from valvular carditis. This protection was accompanied by reduced expression of VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule), fewer valve-infiltrating macrophages, reduced pathogenic lymphangiogenesis, and diminished proinflammatory gene expression. CONCLUSIONS TNF and IL-6 are the main cytokines driving valvular carditis in K/B.g7 mice. The interaction of TNF with TNFR1 specifically on endothelial cells promotes cardiovascular pathology in the setting of systemic autoimmune/rheumatic disease, suggesting that therapeutic targeting of the TNF:TNFR1 interaction could be beneficial in this clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Faragher
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jennifer L Auger
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Victoria Osinski
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lee A Meier
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Brianna J Engelson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Maria M. Firulyova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Frank Brombacher
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Konstantin Zaitsev
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Bryce A Binstadt
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Kang JH, Jang M, Seo SJ, Choi A, Shin D, Seo S, Lee SH, Kim HN. Mechanobiological Adaptation to Hyperosmolarity Enhances Barrier Function in Human Vascular Microphysiological System. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206384. [PMID: 36808839 PMCID: PMC10161024 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In infectious disease such as sepsis and COVID-19, blood vessel leakage treatment is critical to prevent fatal progression into multi-organ failure and ultimately death, but the existing effective therapeutic modalities that improve vascular barrier function are limited. Here, this study reports that osmolarity modulation can significantly improve vascular barrier function, even in an inflammatory condition. 3D human vascular microphysiological systems and automated permeability quantification processes for high-throughput analysis of vascular barrier function are utilized. Vascular barrier function is enhanced by >7-folds with 24-48 h hyperosmotic exposure (time window of emergency care; >500 mOsm L-1 ) but is disrupted after hypo-osmotic exposure (<200 mOsm L-1 ). By integrating genetic and protein level analysis, it is shown that hyperosmolarity upregulates vascular endothelial-cadherin, cortical F-actin, and cell-cell junction tension, indicating that hyperosmotic adaptation mechanically stabilizes the vascular barrier. Importantly, improved vascular barrier function following hyperosmotic exposure is maintained even after chronic exposure to proinflammatory cytokines and iso-osmotic recovery via Yes-associated protein signaling pathways. This study suggests that osmolarity modulation may be a unique therapeutic strategy to proactively prevent infectious disease progression into severe stages via vascular barrier function protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ho Kang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Jang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Seo
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrew Choi
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeeun Shin
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Seo
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Nam Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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14
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Suarez AC, Hammel JH, Munson JM. Modeling lymphangiogenesis: Pairing in vitro and in vivo metrics. Microcirculation 2023; 30:e12802. [PMID: 36760223 PMCID: PMC10121924 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is the mechanism by which the lymphatic system develops and expands new vessels facilitating fluid drainage and immune cell trafficking. Models to study lymphangiogenesis are necessary for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to identify or test new therapeutic agents that target lymphangiogenesis. Across the lymphatic literature, multiple models have been developed to study lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, lymphangiogenesis can be modeled with varying complexity, from monolayers to hydrogels to explants, with common metrics for characterizing proliferation, migration, and sprouting of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and vessels. In comparison, in vivo models of lymphangiogenesis often use genetically modified zebrafish and mice, with in situ mouse models in the ear, cornea, hind leg, and tail. In vivo metrics, such as activation of LECs, number of new lymphatic vessels, and sprouting, mirror those most used in vitro, with the addition of lymphatic vessel hyperplasia and drainage. The impacts of lymphangiogenesis vary by context of tissue and pathology. Therapeutic targeting of lymphangiogenesis can have paradoxical effects depending on the pathology including lymphedema, cancer, organ transplant, and inflammation. In this review, we describe and compare lymphangiogenic outcomes and metrics between in vitro and in vivo studies, specifically reviewing only those publications in which both testing formats are used. We find that in vitro studies correlate well with in vivo in wound healing and development, but not in the reproductive tract or the complex tumor microenvironment. Considerations for improving in vitro models are to increase complexity with perfusable microfluidic devices, co-cultures with tissue-specific support cells, the inclusion of fluid flow, and pairing in vitro models of differing complexities. We believe that these changes would strengthen the correlation between in vitro and in vivo outcomes, giving more insight into lymphangiogenesis in healthy and pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen C. Suarez
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Jennifer H. Hammel
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Jennifer M. Munson
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
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15
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Wei W, Wang J, Huang P, Gou S, Yu D, Zong L. Tumor necrosis factor-α induces proliferation and reduces apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells through STAT3 activation. Immunogenetics 2023; 75:161-169. [PMID: 36933092 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-023-01302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a potent pro-inflammatory factor that plays an important role in establishing a complicated connection between inflammation and cancer. TNF-α promotes tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis according to numerous studies. Studies have shown the significant role of STAT3, a downstream transcription factor of another important inflammatory cytokine, IL-6 in the development and progression of different tumors especially colorectal cancer. In the present study, we investigated whether TNF-α has a role in proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells through STAT3 activation. HCT116 cell line as human colorectal cancer cells was used in this study. Major assays were MTT assay, reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), flow cytometric analysis, and ELISA. Results showed that TNF-α significantly increased the phosphorylation of STAT3 and expression of all the STAT3 target genes related to cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis compared with control. Moreover, our data showed that the STAT3 phosphorylation and expression of its target genes significantly were reduced in the presence of TNF-α + STA-21 compared with TNF-α-treated group demonstrating that the increase in genes expression partially was due to the TNF-α-induced STAT3 activation. On the other hand, STAT3 phosphorylation and mRNA levels of its target genes were partially decreased in the presence of TNF-α + IL-6R supporting the indirect pathway of STAT3 activation by TNF-α through inducing IL-6 production in cancer cells. Given the growing evidence for STAT3 as a key mediator of inflammation-induced colon cancer, our findings support further investigation of STAT3 inhibitors as potential cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Gou
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Daihua Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Q, Liu S, Wang H, Xiao K, Lu J, Chen S, Huang M, Xie R, Lin T, Chen X. ETV4 Mediated Tumor-Associated Neutrophil Infiltration Facilitates Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Metastasis of Bladder Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205613. [PMID: 36670069 PMCID: PMC10104629 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
As a key step of tumor lymphatic metastasis, lymphangiogenesis is regulated by VEGFC-VEGFR3 signaling pathway mediated by immune cells, mainly macrophages, in the tumor microenvironment. However, little is known whether tumor associated neutrophils are involved in lymphangiogenesis. Here, it is found that TANs infiltration is increased in LN-metastatic BCa and is associated with poor prognosis. Neutrophil depletion results in significant reduction in popliteal LN metastasis and lymphangiogenesis. Mechanistically, transcription factor ETV4 enhances BCa cells-derived CXCL1/8 to recruit TANs, leading to the increase of VEGFA and MMP9 from TANs, and then facilitating lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of BCa. Moreover, phosphorylation of ETV4 at tyrosine 392 by tyrosine kinase PTK6 increases nuclear translocation of ETV4 and is essential for its function in BCa. Overall, the findings reveal a novel mechanism of how tumor cells regulate TANs-induced lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis and identify ETV4 as a therapeutic target of LN metastasis in BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Hongjin Wang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Kanghua Xiao
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Junlin Lu
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Siting Chen
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Ruihui Xie
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological DiseasesGuangzhouGuangdong510000P. R. China
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Ng MJ, Kong BH, Teoh KH, Yap YHY, Ng ST, Tan CS, Mohamad Razif MF, Fung SY. In vivo anti-tumor activity of Lignosus rhinocerus TM02® using a MCF7-xenograft NCr nude mice model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 304:115957. [PMID: 36509254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lignosus rhinocerus (Cooke) Ryvarden (also known as Tiger Milk mushroom, TMM), is a basidiomycete belonging to the Polyporaceae family. It has been documented to be used by traditional Chinese physicians and indigenous people in Southeast Asia to treat a variety of illnesses, such as gastritis, arthritis, and respiratory conditions, as well as to restore patients' physical well-being. TMM has also been used in folk medicine to treat cancer. For example, people from the indigenous Kensiu tribe of northeast Kedah (Malaysia) apply shredded TMM sclerotium mixed with water directly onto breast skin to treat breast cancer, while Chinese practitioners from Hong Kong, China prescribe TMM sclerotium as a treatment for liver cancer. L. rhinocerus has previously been demonstrated to possess selective anti-proliferative properties in vitro, however pre-clinical in vivo research has not yet been conducted. AIM OF STUDY This study aimed to examine the anti-tumor activities of L. rhinocerus TM02®, using two different sample preparations [cold water extract (CWE) and fraction] via various routes of administration (oral and intraperitoneal) on an MCF7-xenograft nude mouse model. This study also investigated the inhibitory effect of TM02® CWE and its fractions against COX-2 in vitro using LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, on the basis of the relationship between COX-2 and metastasis, apoptosis resistance, as well as the proliferation of cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The first preparation, L. rhinocerus TM02® sclerotium powder (TSP) was dissolved in cold water to obtain the cold water extract (CWE). It was further fractionated based on its molecular weight to obtain the high (HMW), medium (MMW) and low (LMW) molecular weight fractions. The second preparation, known as the TM02® rhinoprolycan fraction (TRF), was obtained by combining the HMW and MMW fractions. TSP was given orally to mimic the daily consumption of a supplement; TRF was administered intraperitoneally to mimic typical tumorous cancer treatment with a rapid and more thorough absorption through the peritoneal cavity. Another experiment was conducted to examine changes in COX-2 activity in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages after a 1-h pre-treatment with CWE, HMW, and MMW. RESULTS Our results revealed that intraperitoneal TRF-injection (90 μg/g BW) for 20 days reduced initial tumor volume by ∼64.3% (n = 5). The percentage of apoptotic cells was marginally higher in TRF-treated mice vs. control, suggesting that induction of apoptosis as one of the factors that led to tumor shrinkage. TSP (500 μg/g BW) oral treatment (n = 5) for 63 days (inclusive of pre-treatment prior to tumor inoculation) effectively inhibited tumor growth. Four of the five tumors totally regressed, demonstrating the effectiveness of TSP ingestion in suppressing tumor growth. Although no significant changes were found in mouse serum cytokines (TNF-α, IL-5, IL-6 and CCL2), some increasing and decreasing trends were observed. This may suggest the immunomodulatory potential of these treatments that can directly or indirectly affect tumor growth. Pre-treatment with CWE, HMW and MMW significantly reduced COX-2 activity in RAW264.7 macrophages upon 24 h LPS-stimulation, suggesting the potential of L. rhinocerus TM02® extract and fractions in regulating M1/M2 polarization. CONCLUSION Based on the findings of our investigation, both the rhinoprolycan fraction and crude sclerotial powder from L. rhinocerus TM02® demonstrated tumor suppressive effects, indicating that they contain substances with strong anticancer potential. The antitumor effects of L. rhinocerus TM02® in our study highlights the potential for further explorations into its mechanism of action and future development as a prophylactic or adjunct therapeutic against tumorous cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jia Ng
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Boon Hong Kong
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kean Hooi Teoh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Laboratory, Sunway Medical Center, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yeannie Hui-Yeng Yap
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Szu Ting Ng
- LiGNO Biotech Sdn. Bhd, 43300, Balakong Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chon Seng Tan
- LiGNO Biotech Sdn. Bhd, 43300, Balakong Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fazril Mohamad Razif
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shin Yee Fung
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Center for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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18
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Zhang M, Li X, Zhang Q, Yang J, Liu G. Roles of macrophages on ulcerative colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1103617. [PMID: 37006260 PMCID: PMC10062481 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1103617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer is the most serious complication of ulcerative colitis. Long-term chronic inflammation increases the incidence of CAC in UC patients. Compared with sporadic colorectal cancer, CAC means multiple lesions, worse pathological type and worse prognosis. Macrophage is a kind of innate immune cell, which play an important role both in inflammatory response and tumor immunity. Macrophages are polarized into two phenotypes under different conditions: M1 and M2. In UC, enhanced macrophage infiltration produces a large number of inflammatory cytokines, which promote tumorigenesis of UC. M1 polarization has an anti-tumor effect after CAC formation, whereas M2 polarization promotes tumor growth. M2 polarization plays a tumor-promoting role. Some drugs have been shown to that prevent and treat CAC effectively by targeting macrophages.
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19
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Kazakova A, Sudarskikh T, Kovalev O, Kzhyshkowska J, Larionova I. Interaction of tumor‑associated macrophages with stromal and immune components in solid tumors: Research progress (Review). Int J Oncol 2023; 62:32. [PMID: 36660926 PMCID: PMC9851132 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor‑associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which belong to the innate immune system and regulate primary tumor growth, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling and metastasis. The review discusses current knowledge of essential cell‑cell interactions of TAMs within the TME of solid tumors. It summarizes the mechanisms of stromal cell (including cancer‑associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells)‑mediated monocyte recruitment and regulation of differentiation, as well as pro‑tumor and antitumor polarization of TAMs. Additionally, it focuses on the perivascular TAM subpopulations that regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. It describes the possible mechanisms of reciprocal interactions of TAMs with other immune cells responsible for immunosuppression. Finally, it highlights the perspectives for novel therapeutic approaches to use combined cellular targets that include TAMs and other stromal and immune cells in the TME. The collected data demonstrated the importance of understanding cell‑cell interactions in the TME to prevent distant metastasis and reduce the risk of tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kazakova
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Sudarskikh
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Kovalev
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634009, Russian Federation
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Irina Larionova
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634009, Russian Federation
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20
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Zhao Z, Xue L, Zheng L, Ma L, Li Z, Lu N, Zhan Q, Song Y. Tumor-derived miR-20b-5p promotes lymphatic metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by remodeling the tumor microenvironment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:29. [PMID: 36693832 PMCID: PMC9873610 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Zhao
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Xue
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Ma
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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21
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Chen SM, Zhao CK, Yao LC, Wang LX, Ma YN, Meng L, Cai SQ, Liu CY, Qu LK, Jia YX, Shou CC. Aiphanol, a multi-targeting stilbenolignan, potently suppresses mouse lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:189-200. [PMID: 35778489 PMCID: PMC9813257 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of lymphatic metastasis is closely related to poor prognosis and mortality in cancers. Potent inhibitors to prevent pathological lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic spread are urgently needed. The VEGF-C-VEGFR3 pathway plays a vital role in driving lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis. In addition, COX2 in tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) facilitates lymphangiogenesis. We recently reported that aiphanol, a natural stilbenolignan, attenuates tumor angiogenesis by repressing VEGFR2 and COX2. In this study, we evaluated the antilymphangiogenic and antimetastatic potency of aiphanol using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo systems. We first demonstrated that aiphanol directly bound to VEGFR3 and blocked its kinase activity with an half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.29 μM in an in vitro ADP-GloTM kinase assay. Furthermore, we showed that aiphanol (7.5-30 μM) dose-dependently counteracted VEGF-C-induced proliferation, migration and tubular formation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), which was further verified in vivo. VEGFR3 knockdown markedly mitigated the inhibitory potency of aiphanol on lymphangiogenesis. In 4T1-luc breast tumor-bearing mice, oral administration of aiphanol (5 and 30 mg· kg-1 ·d-1) dose-dependently decreased lymphatic metastasis and prolonged survival time, which was associated with impaired lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis and, interestingly, macrophage infiltration. In addition, we found that aiphanol decreased the COX2-dependent secretion of PGE2 and VEGF-C from tumor cells and macrophages. These results demonstrate that aiphanol is an appealing agent for preventing lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic dissemination by synergistically targeting VEGFR3 and inhibiting the COX2-PGE2-VEGF-C signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Chuan-Ke Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Li-Cheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yu-Nan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Laboratory Animal, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Cai-Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Li-Ke Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Yan-Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Cheng-Chao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
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22
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The Lymphatic Endothelium in the Context of Radioimmuno-Oncology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010021. [PMID: 36612017 PMCID: PMC9817924 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of lymphatic tumor vasculature has been gaining interest in the context of cancer immunotherapy. These vessels constitute conduits for immune cells' transit toward the lymph nodes, and they endow tumors with routes to metastasize to the lymph nodes and, from them, toward distant sites. In addition, this vasculature participates in the modulation of the immune response directly through the interaction with tumor-infiltrating leukocytes and indirectly through the secretion of cytokines and chemokines that attract leukocytes and tumor cells. Radiotherapy constitutes the therapeutic option for more than 50% of solid tumors. Besides impacting transformed cells, RT affects stromal cells such as endothelial and immune cells. Mature lymphatic endothelial cells are resistant to RT, but we do not know to what extent RT may affect tumor-aberrant lymphatics. RT compromises lymphatic integrity and functionality, and it is a risk factor to the onset of lymphedema, a condition characterized by deficient lymphatic drainage and compromised tissue homeostasis. This review aims to provide evidence of RT's effects on tumor vessels, particularly on lymphatic endothelial cell physiology and immune properties. We will also explore the therapeutic options available so far to modulate signaling through lymphatic endothelial cell receptors and their repercussions on tumor immune cells in the context of cancer. There is a need for careful consideration of the RT dosage to come to terms with the participation of the lymphatic vasculature in anti-tumor response. Here, we provide new approaches to enhance the contribution of the lymphatic endothelium to radioimmuno-oncology.
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23
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Schafer JB, Lucas ED, Dzieciatkowska M, Forward T, Tamburini BAJ. Programmed death ligand 1 intracellular interactions with STAT3 and focal adhesion protein Paxillin facilitate lymphatic endothelial cell remodeling. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102694. [PMID: 36375639 PMCID: PMC9761386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) comprise lymphatic capillaries and vessels that guide immune cells to lymph nodes (LNs) and form the subcapsular sinus and cortical and medullary lymphatic structures of the LN. During an active immune response, the lymphatics remodel to accommodate the influx of immune cells from the tissue, but factors involved in remodeling are unclear. Here, we determined that a TSS motif within the cytoplasmic domain of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), expressed by LECs in the LN, participates in lymphatic remodeling. Mutation of the TSS motif to AAA does not affect surface expression of PD-L1, but instead causes defects in LN cortical and medullary lymphatic organization following immunostimulant, Poly I:C, administration in vivo. Supporting this observation, in vitro treatment of the LEC cell line, SVEC4-10, with cytokines TNFα and IFNα significantly impeded SVEC4-10 movement in the presence of the TSS-AAA cytoplasmic mutation. The cellular movement defects coincided with reduced F-actin polymerization, consistent with differences previously found in dendritic cells. Here, in addition to loss of actin polymerization, we define STAT3 and Paxillin as important PD-L1 binding partners. STAT3 and Paxillin were previously demonstrated to be important at focal adhesions for cellular motility. We further demonstrate the PD-L1 TSS-AAA motif mutation reduced the amount of pSTAT3 and Paxillin bound to PD-L1 both before and after exposure to TNFα and IFNα. Together, these findings highlight PD-L1 as an important component of a membrane complex that is involved in cellular motility, which leads to defects in lymphatic organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathon B Schafer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Erin D Lucas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tadg Forward
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Beth A Jirón Tamburini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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24
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Yang Y, Cao Y. The impact of VEGF on cancer metastasis and systemic disease. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:251-261. [PMID: 35307547 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality and the underlying mechanisms of cancer metastasis remain elusive. Both blood and lymphatic vasculatures are essential structures for mediating distal metastasis. The vasculature plays multiple functions, including accelerating tumor growth, sustaining the tumor microenvironment, supplying growth and invasive signals, promoting metastasis, and causing cancer-associated systemic disease. VEGF is one of the key angiogenic factors in tumors and participates in the initial stage of tumor development, progression and metastasis. Consequently, VEGF and its receptor-mediated signaling pathways have become one of the most important therapeutic targets for treating various cancers. Today, anti-VEGF-based antiangiogenic drugs (AADs) are widely used in the clinic for treating different types of cancer in human patients. Despite nearly 20-year clinical experience with AADs, the impact of these drugs on cancer metastasis and systemic disease remains largely unknown. In this review article, we focus our discussion on tumor VEGF in cancer metastasis and systemic disease and mechanisms underlying AADs in clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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25
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Gök E, Deveci E. Histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical alterations in liver tissue after fungicide-mancozeb exposures in Wistar albino rats. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370404. [PMID: 35766670 PMCID: PMC9239557 DOI: 10.1590/acb370404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical effects of liver changes after mancozeb administration. METHODS Rats were divided into groups-the control group (n=7) and the mancozeb group (n=7)-, given 500 mg/kg mancozeb dissolved in corn oil daily for four weeks by an orogastric tube. Caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) primary antibodies were used for immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values of the mancozeb group increased significantly than ones of the control group. Venous dilatation, inflammation, hepatocyte degeneration, TNF-α, and caspase-3 expression scores increased significantly in the mancozeb group. In the mancozeb group, intensive caspase-3 expression was observed in hepatocyte cells around the central vein in the center of the liver lobule, and there was an increase in TNF-α expression in the inflammatory cells around the enlarged central vein and Kupffer cells and apoptotic hepatocyte cells. CONCLUSIONS Subacute mancozeb exposure in rats leads to elevated toxicity with impaired liver function, increased inflammation in tissue and increased apoptosis due to cellular damage in the liver, and decreased liver regeneration ability due to congestion and degeneration of blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertuğrul Gök
- Assistant professor. Dicle University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Forensic Medicine - Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Engin Deveci
- PhD. Dicle University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Histology and Embryology - Diyarbakir, Turkey
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26
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Abstract
The lymphatic system, composed of initial and collecting lymphatic vessels as well as lymph nodes that are present in almost every tissue of the human body, acts as an essential transport system for fluids, biomolecules and cells between peripheral tissues and the central circulation. Consequently, it is required for normal body physiology but is also involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, most notably cancer. The important role of tumor-associated lymphatic vessels and lymphangiogenesis in the formation of lymph node metastasis has been elucidated during the last two decades, whereas the underlying mechanisms and the relation between lymphatic and peripheral organ dissemination of cancer cells are incompletely understood. Lymphatic vessels are also important for tumor-host communication, relaying molecular information from a primary or metastatic tumor to regional lymph nodes and the circulatory system. Beyond antigen transport, lymphatic endothelial cells, particularly those residing in lymph node sinuses, have recently been recognized as direct regulators of tumor immunity and immunotherapy responsiveness, presenting tumor antigens and expressing several immune-modulatory signals including PD-L1. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries in this rapidly evolving field and highlight strategies and challenges of therapeutic targeting of lymphatic vessels or specific lymphatic functions in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar C Dieterich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlotta Tacconi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Ducoli
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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27
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Yang D, Yang L, Cai J, Li H, Xing Z, Hou Y. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and its related signaling pathways in the regulation of tumor-associated macrophages polarization. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2469-2480. [PMID: 35590082 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a type of functionally plastic immune cell population in tumor microenvironment (TME) and mainly polarized into two phenotypes: M2 and M1-like TAMs. The M2-like TAMs could stimulate tumor growth and metastasis, tissue remodeling and immune-suppression, whereas M1-like TAMs could initiate immune response to dampen tumor progression. TAMs with different polarization phenotypes can produce various kinds of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors to regulate immunity and inflammatory responses. It is an effective method to treat cancer through ameliorating TME and modulating TAMs by converting M2 into M1-like phenotype. However, intracellular signaling mechanisms underlying TAMs polarization are largely undefined. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt is an important signaling pathway participating in M2-like TAMs polarization, survival, growth, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and cytoskeleton rearrangement. In the present review, we analyzed the mechanism of TAMs polarization focusing on PI3K/Akt and its downstream mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) as well as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways, thus provides the first evidence of intracellular targets for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jialing Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huaxin Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zheng Xing
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ying Hou
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi, China.
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28
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Wang Y, Sun Q, Ye Y, Sun X, Xie S, Zhan Y, Song J, Fan X, Zhang B, Yang M, Lv L, Hosaka K, Yang Y, Nie G. FGF-2 signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma modulates pericyte-macrophage crosstalk and metastasis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:157874. [PMID: 35439170 PMCID: PMC9220856 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is complex, and crosstalks among various cell compartments in supporting metastasis remain poorly understood. In particular, the role of vascular pericytes, a critical cellular component in the TME, in cancer invasion and metastasis warrants further investigation. Here we report an elevation of FGF-2 signaling in both nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patient samples and xenograft mouse models promotes NPC metastasis. Mechanistically, tumor cell-derived FGF-2 strongly promoted pericyte proliferation and pericyte-specific expression of an orphan chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14 (CXCL14) via FGFR1- AHR signaling. Gain and loss-of-function experiments validated that pericyte-derived CXCL14 promoted macrophage recruitment and polarization towards an M2-like phenotype. Genetic knockdown of FGF2 or genetic depletion of tumoral pericytes blocked CXCL14 expression and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration. Pharmacological inhibition of TAMs by clodronate liposomes treatment resulted in a reduction of FGF-2-induced pulmonary metastasis. Together, these findings shed light on the inflammatory role of tumoral pericytes in promoting TAM-mediated metastasis. We provide mechanistic insight into an FGF-2-FGFR1-pericyte-CXCL14-TAM stromal communication axis in NPC and propose an effective anti-metastasis therapy concept by targeting a pericyte-derived inflammation for NPC or FGF-2-high tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Department of Oral Implantology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Xie
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhang Zhan
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqin Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kayoko Hosaka
- Department of Microbiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohui Nie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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29
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Bolik J, Krause F, Stevanovic M, Gandraß M, Thomsen I, Schacht SS, Rieser E, Müller M, Schumacher N, Fritsch J, Wichert R, Galun E, Bergmann J, Röder C, Schafmayer C, Egberts JH, Becker-Pauly C, Saftig P, Lucius R, Schneider-Brachert W, Barikbin R, Adam D, Voss M, Hitzl W, Krüger A, Strilic B, Sagi I, Walczak H, Rose-John S, Schmidt-Arras D. Inhibition of ADAM17 impairs endothelial cell necroptosis and blocks metastasis. J Exp Med 2022; 219:212921. [PMID: 34919140 PMCID: PMC8689681 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of death in cancer patients. Circulating tumor cells need to migrate through the endothelial layer of blood vessels to escape the hostile circulation and establish metastases at distant organ sites. Here, we identified the membrane-bound metalloprotease ADAM17 on endothelial cells as a key driver of metastasis. We show that TNFR1-dependent tumor cell-induced endothelial cell death, tumor cell extravasation, and subsequent metastatic seeding is dependent on the activity of endothelial ADAM17. Moreover, we reveal that ADAM17-mediated TNFR1 ectodomain shedding and subsequent processing by the γ-secretase complex is required for the induction of TNF-induced necroptosis. Consequently, genetic ablation of ADAM17 in endothelial cells as well as short-term pharmacological inhibition of ADAM17 prevents long-term metastases formation in the lung. Thus, our data identified ADAM17 as a novel essential regulator of necroptosis and as a new promising target for antimetastatic and advanced-stage cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bolik
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Freia Krause
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Marija Stevanovic
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Monja Gandraß
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ilka Thomsen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Eva Rieser
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute for Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Miryam Müller
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Neele Schumacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Fritsch
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rielana Wichert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eithan Galun
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Juri Bergmann
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Röder
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Clemens Schafmayer
- Department of General Surgery and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Egberts
- Department of General Surgery and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Paul Saftig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ralph Lucius
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wulf Schneider-Brachert
- Department of Infection Prevention and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Roja Barikbin
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Adam
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Voss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hitzl
- Research Office (Biostatistics), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Research Program for Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Achim Krüger
- Institutes for Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Strilic
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute for Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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30
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Exosomal and intracellular miR-320b promotes lymphatic metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 23:163-180. [PMID: 34729394 PMCID: PMC8526502 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-cell-released exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are important mediators of cell-cell communication in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we sequenced serum exosome miRNAs from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and identified high expression of miR-320b to be closely associated with peritumoral lymphangiogenesis and lymph node (LN) metastasis. Functionally, miR-320b could be enriched and transferred by ESCC-released exosomes directly to human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs), promoting tube formation and migration in vitro and facilitating lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis in vivo as assessed by gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Furthermore, we found programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) as a direct target of miR-320b through bioinformatic prediction and luciferase reporter assay. Re-expression of PDCD4 could rescue the effects induced by exosomal miR-320b. Notably, the miR-320b-PDCD4 axis activates the AKT pathway in HLECs independent of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). Moreover, overexpression of miR-320b promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression of ESCC cells. Finally, we demonstrate that METTL3 could interact with DGCR8 protein and positively modulate pri-miR-320b maturation process in an N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-dependent manner. Therefore, our findings uncover a VEGF-C-independent mechanism of exosomal and intracellular miR-320b-mediated LN metastasis and identify miR-320b as a novel predictive marker and therapeutic target for LN metastasis in ESCC.
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31
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Li N, Fu L, Li Z, Ke Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Yu J. The Role of Immune Microenvironment in Maxillofacial Bone Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.780973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial bone defects are common medical problems caused by congenital defects, necrosis, trauma, tumor, inflammation, and fractures non-union. Maxillofacial bone defects often need bone graft, which has many difficulties, such as limited autogenous bone supply and donor site morbidity. Bone tissue engineering is a promising strategy to overcome the above-mentioned problems. Osteoimmunology is the inter-discipline that focuses on the relationship between the skeletal and immune systems. The immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in bone healing, tissue repair and regeneration in maxillofacial region. Recent studies have revealed the vital role of immune microenvironment and bone homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the complex interaction between immune microenvironment and bone regeneration process in oral and maxillofacial region, which will be important to improve the clinical outcome of the bone injury treatment.
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32
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Zhu T, Wang Z, Zou T, Xu L, Zhang S, Chen Y, Chen C, Zhang W, Wang S, Ding Q, Xu G. SOAT1 Promotes Gastric Cancer Lymph Node Metastasis Through Lipid Synthesis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:769647. [PMID: 34790132 PMCID: PMC8591064 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.769647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidences demonstrate that metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC). Abnormal expression of metabolic rate-limiting enzymes, as the executive medium of energy metabolism, drives the occurrence and development of cancer. However, a comprehensive model of metabolic rate-limiting enzymes associated with the development and progression of GC remains unclear. In this research, we identified a rate-limiting enzyme, sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1), was highly expressed in cancerous tissues, which was associated with advanced tumor stage and lymph node metastasis, leading to the poor prognosis of GC. It was shown that knockdown of SOAT1 or pharmacological inhibition of SOAT1 by avasimibe could suppress GC cell proliferation, cholesterol ester synthesis, and lymphangiogenesis. However, overexpression of SOAT1 promoted these biological processes. Mechanistically, SOAT1 regulated the expression of cholesterol metabolism genes SREBP1 and SREBP2, which could induce lymphangiogenesis via increasing the expression of VEGF-C. In conclusion, our results indicated that SOAT1 promotes gastric cancer lymph node metastasis through lipid synthesis, which suggested that it may be a promising prognostic biomarker for guiding clinical management and treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangding Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianhui Zou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shouyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Center for Public Health Research, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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33
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Kim MH, Lee JR, Kim KJ, Jun JH, Hwang HJ, Lee W, Nam SH, Oh JE, Yoo YC. Identification for antitumor effects of tramadol in a xenograft mouse model using orthotopic breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22113. [PMID: 34764420 PMCID: PMC8586351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous research showed that tramadol having potential anti-tumor effect was associated with enhancement of oncological prognosis in patients with breast cancer surgery. As these effects have not been confirmed by clinical dose-regulated animal or prospective human studies, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of tramadol in vivo. Female nude mice orthotopically inoculated with luciferase-expressing MCF-7 cells, were randomly divided into the control (saline), tramadol group 1 (1.5 mg kg−1 day−1), tramadol group 2 (3 mg kg−1 day−1), and morphine (0.5 mg kg−1 day−1) (n = 5/group). Bioluminescence signals after D-luciferin injection, tumor size, and tumor weight were compared among groups after 4 weeks. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)-1 expression, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and serum interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-6 were then examined. Tumour growth was attenuated in tramadol-treated groups (P < 0.05). NK cell activity was significantly decreased only in the morphine treated group not in sham, control, and tramadol groups. The expression levels of ERα, PRα and β, and TRPV1 were decreased in tramadol group 2 compared with those in the morphine group, but not compared to the control group. Serum levels of IL-6 and TNFα were reduced in both tramadol-treated group 1 and 2 compared to the control group. Overall, clinical dose of tramadol has anti-tumour effects on MCF-7 cell-derived breast cancer in a xenograft mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Hwa Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Rim Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Joon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Jun
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Hwang
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wootaek Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Nam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Eun Oh
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Chul Yoo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Ravaud C, Ved N, Jackson DG, Vieira JM, Riley PR. Lymphatic Clearance of Immune Cells in Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102594. [PMID: 34685572 PMCID: PMC8533855 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of the lymphatic system, its function, development, and role in pathophysiology have changed our views on its importance. Historically thought to be solely involved in the transport of tissue fluid, lipids, and immune cells, the lymphatic system displays great heterogeneity and plasticity and is actively involved in immune cell regulation. Interference in any of these processes can be deleterious, both at the developmental and adult level. Preclinical studies into the cardiac lymphatic system have shown that invoking lymphangiogenesis and enhancing immune cell trafficking in ischaemic hearts can reduce myocardial oedema, reduce inflammation, and improve cardiac outcome. Understanding how immune cells and the lymphatic endothelium interact is also vital to understanding how the lymphatic vascular network can be manipulated to improve immune cell clearance. In this Review, we examine the different types of immune cells involved in fibrotic repair following myocardial infarction. We also discuss the development and function of the cardiac lymphatic vasculature and how some immune cells interact with the lymphatic endothelium in the heart. Finally, we establish how promoting lymphangiogenesis is now a prime therapeutic target for reducing immune cell persistence, inflammation, and oedema to restore heart function in ischaemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Ravaud
- Burdon-Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; (C.R.); (N.V.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Nikita Ved
- Burdon-Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; (C.R.); (N.V.); (J.M.V.)
| | - David G. Jackson
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK;
| | - Joaquim Miguel Vieira
- Burdon-Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; (C.R.); (N.V.); (J.M.V.)
| | - Paul R. Riley
- Burdon-Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; (C.R.); (N.V.); (J.M.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Offermann A, Kang D, Watermann C, Weingart A, Hupe MC, Saraji A, Stegmann-Frehse J, Kruper R, Schüle R, Pantel K, Taubert H, Duensing S, Culig Z, Aigner A, Klapper W, Jonigk D, Philipp Kühnel M, Merseburger AS, Kirfel J, Sailer V, Perner S. Manuscript Title: Analysis of tripartite motif (TRIM) family gene expression in prostate cancer bone metastases. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1475-1484. [PMID: 34487169 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins are post-translational protein modifiers with E3-ubiquitin ligase activity, thereby involved in various biological processes. The molecular mechanisms driving prostate cancer (PCa) bone metastasis (BM) are incompletely understood, and targetable genetic alterations are lacking in the majority of cases. Therefore, we aimed to explore the expression and potential functional relevance of 71 TRIM members in bone metastatic PCa. We performed transcriptome analysis of all human TRIM family members and 770 cancer-related genes in 29 localized PCa and 30 PCa BM using Nanostring. KEGG, STRING and Ubibrowser were used for further bioinformatic gene correlation and pathway enrichment analyses. Compared to localized tumors, six TRIMs are under-expressed while nine TRIMs are over-expressed in BM. The differentially expressed TRIM proteins are linked to TNF-, TGFβ-, PI3K/AKT- and HIF-1-signaling, and to features such as proteoglycans, platelet activation, adhesion and ECM-interaction based on correlation to cancer-related genes. The identification of TRIM-specific E3-ligase-substrates revealed insight into functional connections to oncogenes, tumor suppressors and cancer-related pathways including androgen receptor- and TGFβ signaling, cell cycle regulation and splicing. In summary, this is the first study that comprehensively and systematically characterizes the expression of all TRIM members in PCa BM. Our results describe post-translational protein modification as an important regulatory mechanism of oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and pathway molecules in PCa progression. Therefore, this study may provide evidence for novel therapeutic targets, in particular for the treatment or prevention of BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Offermann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Duan Kang
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Christian Watermann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Anika Weingart
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marie C Hupe
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Alireza Saraji
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Janine Stegmann-Frehse
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Roland Schüle
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Duensing
- Molecular Urooncology, Department of Urology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zoran Culig
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark Philipp Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel S Merseburger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jutta Kirfel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Verena Sailer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
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36
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Rezzola S, Sigmund EC, Halin C, Ronca R. The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:576-614. [PMID: 34486138 PMCID: PMC9291933 DOI: 10.1002/med.21855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature has been widely described and explored for its key functions in fluid homeostasis and in the organization and modulation of the immune response. Besides transporting immune cells, lymphatic vessels play relevant roles in tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Cancer cells that have invaded into afferent lymphatics are propagated to tumor‐draining lymph nodes (LNs), which represent an important hub for metastatic cell arrest and growth, immune modulation, and secondary dissemination to distant sites. In recent years many studies have reported new mechanisms by which the lymphatic vasculature affects cancer progression, ranging from induction of lymphangiogenesis to metastatic niche preconditioning or immune modulation. In this review, we provide an up‐to‐date description of lymphatic organization and function in peripheral tissues and in LNs and the changes induced to this system by tumor growth and progression. We will specifically focus on the reported interactions that occur between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), as well as on interactions between immune cells and LECs, both in the tumor microenvironment and in tumor‐draining LNs. Moreover, the most recent prognostic and therapeutic implications of lymphatics in cancer will be reported and discussed in light of the new immune‐modulatory roles that have been ascribed to LECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rezzola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena C Sigmund
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Ronca
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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37
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Stasiewicz M, Kwaśniewski M, Karpiński TM. Microbial Associations with Pancreatic Cancer: A New Frontier in Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153784. [PMID: 34359685 PMCID: PMC8345173 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer (PC) continues to be characterized by high morbidity and mortality, owing to the fact, among others, that it is often diagnosed at late stages. Thus far, the search for reliable biomarkers has failed. A number of recent studies have found that there are differences in the microbiota between patients with PC and their healthy counterparts. These differences extend to specific anatomical locations such as the oral cavity, the gastrointestinal tract, and the pancreas itself. The purpose of this review is to outline some of the main differences in the bacterial and fungal populations between patients with PC and their healthy counterparts that have recently come to light. Additionally, the present review aims to highlight the mechanisms underlying the aforementioned microbial associations with PC. Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a global health concern with high mortality and is expected to increase as a proportion of overall cancer cases in the coming years. Most patients are diagnosed at a late stage of disease progression, which contributes to the extremely low 5-year survival rates. Presently, screening for PC remains costly and time consuming, precluding the use of widespread testing. Biomarkers have been explored as an option by which to ameliorate this situation. The authors conducted a search of available literature on PubMed to present the current state of understanding as it pertains to the use of microbial biomarkers and their associations with PC. Carriage of certain bacteria in the oral cavity (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus sp.), gut (e.g., Helicobacter pylori, Synergistetes, Proteobacteria), and pancreas (e.g., Fusobacterium sp., Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae) has been associated with an increased risk of developing PC. Additionally, the fungal genus Malassezia has likewise been associated with PC development. This review further outlines potential oncogenic mechanisms involved in the microbial-associated development of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stasiewicz
- Research Group of Medical Microbiology, Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Marek Kwaśniewski
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Tomasz M. Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-854-61-38
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38
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Latifi-Navid H, Soheili ZS, Samiei S, Sadeghi M, Taghizadeh S, Pirmardan ER, Ahmadieh H. Network analysis and the impact of Aflibercept on specific mediators of angiogenesis in HUVEC cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8285-8299. [PMID: 34250732 PMCID: PMC8419159 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, inflammation and endothelial cells’ migration and proliferation exert fundamental roles in different diseases. However, more studies are needed to identify key proteins and pathways involved in these processes. Aflibercept has received the approval of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of wet AMD and colorectal cancer. Moreover, the effect of Aflibercept on VEGFR2 downstream signalling pathways has not been investigated yet. Here, we integrated text mining data, protein‐protein interaction networks and multi‐experiment microarray data to specify candidate genes that are involved in VEGFA/VEGFR2 signalling pathways. Network analysis of candidate genes determined the importance of the nominated genes via different centrality parameters. Thereupon, several genes—with the highest centrality indexes—were recruited to investigate the impact of Aflibercept on their expression pattern in HUVEC cells. Real‐time PCR was performed, and relative expression of the specific genes revealed that Aflibercept modulated angiogenic process by VEGF/PI3KA/AKT/mTOR axis, invasion by MMP14/MMP9 axis and inflammation‐related angiogenesis by IL‐6‐STAT3 axis. Data showed Aflibercept simultaneously affected these processes and determined the nominated axes that had been affected by the drug. Furthermore, integrating the results of Aflibercept on expression of candidate genes with the current network analysis suggested that resistance against the Aflibercept effect is a plausible process in HUVEC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra-Soheila Soheili
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Samiei
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.,School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Taghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ranaei Pirmardan
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Molecular Biomarkers Nano-Imaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zheng H, Chen C, Luo Y, Yu M, He W, An M, Gao B, Kong Y, Ya Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Xie K, Huang J, Lin T. Tumor-derived exosomal BCYRN1 activates WNT5A/VEGF-C/VEGFR3 feedforward loop to drive lymphatic metastasis of bladder cancer. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e497. [PMID: 34323412 PMCID: PMC8288020 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with lymph node (LN) metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) present with extremely poor prognosis. BCa-derived exosomes function as crucial bioactive cargo carriers to mediate the signal transduction in tumor microenvironment triggering tumor metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying exosome-mediated LN metastasis in BCa are unclear. METHODS We conducted the high-throughput sequencing to explore the expression profile of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in urinary exosomes (urinary-EXO) from patients with BCa and further evaluated the clinical relevance of exosomal lncRNA BCYRN1 in a larger 210-case cohort. The functional role of exosomal BCYRN1 was evaluated through the migration and tube formation assays in vitro and the footpad-popliteal LN metastasis model in vivo. RNA pull-down assays, luciferase assays, and actinomycin assays were conducted to detect the regulatory mechanism of exosomal BCYRN1. RESULTS LncRNA BCYRN1 was substantially upregulated in urinary-EXO from patients with BCa, and associated with the LN metastasis of BCa. We demonstrated that exosomal BCYRN1 markedly promoted tube formation and migration of human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs) in vitro and lymphangiogenesis and LN metastasis of BCa in vivo. Mechanistically, BCYRN1 epigenetically upregulated WNT5A expression by inducing hnRNPA1-associated H3K4 trimethylation in WNT5A promoter, which activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling to facilitate the secretion of VEGF-C in BCa. Moreover, exosomal BCYRN1 was transmitted to HLECs to stabilize the VEGFR3 mRNA and thus formed an hnRNPA1/WNT5A/VEGFR3 feedforward regulatory loop, ultimately promoting the lymphatic metastasis of BCa. Importantly, blocking VEGFR3 with specific inhibitor, SAR131675 significantly impaired exosomal BCYRN1-induced the LN metastasis in vivo. Clinically, exosomal BCYRN1 was positively associated with the shorter survival of BCa patients and identified as a poor prognostic factor of patients. CONCLUSION Our results uncover a novel mechanism by which exosomal BCYRN1 synergistically enhances VEGF-C/VEGFR3 signaling-induced lymphatic metastasis of BCa, indicating that BCYRN1 may serve as an encouraging therapeutic target for patients with BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhao Zheng
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Changhao Chen
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yuming Luo
- Department of General SurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of General SurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Wang He
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Mingjie An
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Bowen Gao
- Department of Pancreatobiliary SurgerySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yao Kong
- Department of General SurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yiyao Ya
- Department of UrologyGuangzhou First People's HospitalSchool of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of General SurgeryGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Keji Xie
- Department of UrologyGuangzhou First People's HospitalSchool of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of UrologySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongP. R. China
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Ghosh S, Das T, Suman SK, Sarma HD, Dash A. Preparation and Preliminary Evaluation of 68Ga-Acridine: An Attempt to Study the Potential of Radiolabeled DNA Intercalator as a PET Radiotracer for Tumor Imaging. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1538-1547. [PMID: 32357824 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200502002609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acridine is a well-known DNA intercalator and thereby gets easily inserted within DNA. As uncontrolled rapid cell division is one of the primary characteristics of the tumors, it is expected that acridine or its suitable derivatives will have preferential accumulation in the tumorous lesions. Therefore, an attempt was made to radiolabel an acridine derivative with 68Ga and study the potential of the 68Ga-acridine complex as a PET agent for tumor imaging. METHODS 9-aminoacridine was coupled with p-NCS-benzyl-DOTA to render it suitable for labeling with 68Ga. The purified acridine-DOTA conjugate was radiolabeled with 68Ga, eluted from a 68Ge/68Ga radionuclide generator. Various radiolabeling parameters were optimized and the stability of the radiolabeled preparation was studied. The biological behavior of the 68Ga-acridine complex was studied both in vitro and in vivo using Raji cell line and fibrosarcoma tumor bearing Swiss mice, respectively. RESULTS 68Ga-acridine complex was obtained with ~100% radiochemical purity under the optimized reaction conditions involving incubation of 2mg/mL of ligand at 100°C for 30 minutes. The complex maintained a radiochemical purity of >95% in normal saline and >65% in human blood serum at 3h post-incubation. In vitro cellular study showed (3.2±0.1)% uptake of the radiotracer in the Raji cells. Biodistribution study revealed significant tumor accumulation [(11.41±0.41)% injected activity in per gram] of the radiotracer within 1h postadministration along with uptake in other non-target organs such as, blood, liver, GIT kidney etc. Conclusion: The present study indicates the potential of 68Ga-acridine as a PET agent for imaging of tumorous lesions. However, further detailed evaluation of the agent is warranted to explore its actual potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Ghosh
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Shishu K Suman
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India
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Chen Z, Fu H, Wu H, Huang J, Yao L, Zhang X, Li Y. Syntheses and Preliminary Evaluation of Dual Target PET Probe [18F]-NOTA-Gly3- E (2PEG4-RGD-WH701) for PET Imaging of Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1548-1557. [PMID: 32329699 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200424101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFR1) and integrin αvβ3 receptor are overexpressed in breast cancer. We hypothesized that a peptide ligand recognizing both receptors in a single receptor-binding probe would be advantageous. Here, we developed a novel 18F-labeled fusion peptide probe [18F]-NOTA-Gly3- E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) targeting dual receptors (TNFR1 and αvβ3) and evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of this radioactive probe in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 xenograft models in mice. METHODS The NOTA-conjugated RGD-WH701 analog was radiolabeled with 18F using NOTA-AlF chelation method. We used two PEG4 molecules and Glutamic acid (Glu) to covalently link c(RGDyK) with WH701. Gly3 was also added to further improve the water solubility and pharmacokinetic properties of the probe. The expression of TNFR1 and Integrin αvβ3 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was detected by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. The tumor-targeting characteristics of [18F]-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGDWH701) were assessed in nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 xenografts. RESULTS HPLC analysis of the product NOTA-G3-E (2P4-RGD-WH701) revealed a purity >95%. The yield after attenuation correction was approximately 33.5%±2.8% (n=5), and the radiochemical purity was above 95%. The MDA-MB-231 tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) was 1.14±0.14%ID/g, as measured by PET at 40min postinjection (p.i.). In comparison, the tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-RGD and [18F]- NOTA-WH701 in MDA-MB-231 xenografts was 0.96±0.13%ID/g and 0.93±0.28%ID/g, respectively. The MCF-7 tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) was 1.22±0.11%ID/g, as measured by PET at 40min postinjection (p.i.). In comparison, the tumor uptake of [18F]-NOTA-RGD and [18F]-NOTA-WH701 in MCF-7 xenografts was 0.99±0.18%ID/g and 0.57±0.08%ID/g, respectively. CONCLUSION [18F]AlF-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGD-WH701) was successfully synthesized and labeled with 18F. The results from the microPET/CT and biodistribution studies of [18F]AlF-NOTA-Gly3-E(2PEG4-RGDWH701) showed that the tracer could specifically target TNFR1 and integrin αvβ3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Chen
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinxiong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lanlin Yao
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yesen Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Minnan PET Center, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Teaching Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China
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He M, He Q, Cai X, Chen Z, Lao S, Deng H, Liu X, Zheng Y, Liu X, Liu J, Xie Z, Yao M, Liang W, He J. Role of lymphatic endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment-a narrative review of recent advances. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2252-2277. [PMID: 34164274 PMCID: PMC8182726 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background As lymphatic vessel is a major route for solid tumor metastasis, they are considered an essential part of tumor drainage conduits. Apart from forming the walls of lymphatic vessels, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) have been found to play multiple other roles in the tumor microenvironment, calling for a more in-depth review. We hope that this review may help researchers gain a detailed understanding of this fast-developing field and shed some light upon future research. Methods To achieve an informative review of recent advance, we carefully searched the Medline database for English literature that are openly published from the January 1995 to December 2020 and covered the topic of LEC or lymphangiogenesis in tumor progression and therapies. Two different authors independently examined the literature abstracts to exclude possible unqualified ones, and 310 papers with full texts were finally retrieved. Results In this paper, we discussed the structural and molecular basis of tumor-associated LECs, together with their roles in tumor metastasis and drug therapy. We then focused on their impacts on tumor cells, tumor stroma, and anti-tumor immunity, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. Special emphasis on lung cancer and possible therapeutic targets based on LECs were also discussed. Conclusions LECs can play a much more complex role than simply forming conduits for tumor cell dissemination. Therapies targeting tumor-associated lymphatics for lung cancer and other tumors are promising, but more research is needed to clarify the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihua He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyu Cai
- Department of VIP Region, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zisheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Shen Lao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongsheng Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiwen Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanhong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maojin Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The First People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Laha D, Grant R, Mishra P, Nilubol N. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Manipulating the Immunological Response of Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:656908. [PMID: 33986746 PMCID: PMC8110933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an intricate system within solid neoplasms. In this review, we aim to provide an updated insight into the TME with a focus on the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on its various components and the use of TNF-α to improve the efficiency of drug delivery. The TME comprises the supporting structure of the tumor, such as its extracellular matrix and vasculature. In addition to cancer cells and cancer stem cells, the TME contains various other cell types, including pericytes, tumor-associated fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells. These cells produce signaling molecules such as growth factors, cytokines, hormones, and extracellular matrix proteins. This review summarizes the intricate balance between pro-oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions that various non-tumor cells within the TME exert. We focused on the interaction between tumor cells and immune cells in the TME that plays an essential role in regulating the immune response, tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis. The multifunctional cytokine, TNF-α, plays essential roles in diverse cellular events within the TME. The uses of TNF-α in cancer treatment and to facilitate cancer drug delivery are discussed. The effects of TNF-α on tumor neovasculature and tumor interstitial fluid pressure that improve treatment efficacy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Yin Y, Yang J, Pan Y, Guo Z, Gao Y, Huang L, Zhou D, Ge Y, Guo F, Zhu W, Song Y, Li Y. Chylomicrons-Simulating Sustained Drug Release in Mesenteric Lymphatics for the Treatment of Crohn's-Like Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:631-646. [PMID: 32978613 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alteration to both the structures and functions of mesenteric lymphatic vessels is a typical hallmark of Crohn's disease [CD]. Dysfunctional lymphatics was observed in patients with both CD and experimental colitis, suggesting mesenteric lymphatics could be potential therapeutic targets. This study aimed to develop a nano-delivery system which can enhance drug delivery in mesenteric lymphatic tissue [MLT] and evaluate the therapeutic effects in Crohn's colitis. METHODS We designed a mesoporous silica nanoparticle [MSN] conjugated with long-chain fatty acid [LMSN] and covered with enteric coating [ELMSN] which can be specifically transported via the mesenteric lymphatic system. The therapeutic efficacy of laquinimod-loaded nanoparticles [LAQ@ELMSN] was evaluated in the well-established interleukin [IL]-10-/- spontaneous experimental colitis. RESULTS ELMSNs induced sustainable drug release that markedly increased drug concentration in MLT. In experimental colitis, the lymphatics-targeting drug delivery system suppressed lymphangitis and promoted lymphatic drainage. The downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the downstream NF-κB-related proteins efficiently inhibited lymphangiogenesis and restored tight junctions of mesenteric lymphatic vessels [MLVs]. LAQ@ELMSN showed a superior therapeutic effect in ameliorating intestinal inflammation compared with free drug administration. Alteration of gut microbiota and metabolites in experimental colitis was also reversed by LAQ@ELMSN. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a convenient, orally administered drug delivery system which enhances drug release in MLT. The results confirm the contribution of the mesenteric lymphatic system to the pathogenesis of gut inflammation and shed light on the application of lymphatics-targeting drug delivery therapy as a potential therapeutic strategy for CD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchun Pan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangyu Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongtao Zhou
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feilong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujun Song
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Yu J, Li Y, Li Z, Li H, Chen Y, Chen X, Su W, Liang D. Subconjunctival injections of dimethyl fumarate inhibit lymphangiogenesis and allograft rejection in the rat cornea. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107580. [PMID: 33823430 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Corneal lymphangiogenesis induced by macrophages played a critical role in corneal allograft rejection (CGR). However, there are few Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs that target lymphangiogenesis. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on corneal allograft survival in rats. Penetrating corneal transplantation was performed in rats. Subconjunctival injections of dimethyl fumarate (20 µg) were administered at the end of the operation and postoperative day 3 to day 11. The clinical signs of corneal allografts were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), flow cytometry and western blot were performed respectively. The effects and mechanism of DMF on RAW264.7 cells were determined by qPCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blot in vitro. The results showed that subconjunctival injections of DMF could significantly inhibit corneal lymphangiogenesis and CGR with decreased corneal macrophage infiltration compared with the vehicle group. Moreover, DMF could reduce the mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in the corneal grafts and RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Furthermore, compared with the vehicle group, the number of dendritic cells in the ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes of the DMF-treated group was decreased significantly. Collectively, our findings showed that DMF could suppress CGR by inhibiting the macrophage-induced corneal lymphoangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China; Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Lymphangiogenesis in renal fibrosis arises from macrophages via VEGF-C/VEGFR3-dependent autophagy and polarization. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:109. [PMID: 33479195 PMCID: PMC7820012 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of renal fibrosis, which ultimately results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There is new focus on lymphangiogenesis in the field of inflammation. Recent studies have revealed the association between lymphangiogenesis and renal fibrosis, but the source of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) is not clear. It has also been reported that macrophages are involved in lymphangiogenesis through direct and indirect mechanisms in other tissues. We hypothesized that there was a close relationship between macrophages and lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells in renal fibrosis. In this study, we demonstrated that lymphangiogenesis occurred in a renal fibrosis model and was positively correlated with the degree of fibrosis and macrophage infiltration. Compared to resting (M0) macrophages and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages, classically activated (M1) macrophages predominantly transdifferentiated into LECs in vivo and in vitro. VEGF-C further increased M1 macrophage polarization and transdifferentiation into LECs by activating VEGFR3. It was suggested that VEGF-C/VEGFR3 pathway activation downregulated macrophage autophagy and subsequently regulated macrophage phenotype. The induction of autophagy in macrophages by rapamycin decreased M1 macrophage polarization and differentiation into LECs. These results suggested that M1 macrophages promoted lymphangiogenesis and contributed to newly formed lymphatic vessels in the renal fibrosis microenvironment, and VEGF-C/VEGFR3 signaling promoted macrophage M1 polarization by suppressing macrophage autophagy and then increased the transdifferentiation of M1 macrophages into LECs.
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Bell RD, Rahimi H, Kenney HM, Lieberman AA, Wood RW, Schwarz EM, Ritchlin CT. Altered Lymphatic Vessel Anatomy and Markedly Diminished Lymph Clearance in Affected Hands of Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 72:1447-1455. [PMID: 32420693 DOI: 10.1002/art.41311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess differences between lymphatic function in the affected hands of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with active synovitis and that of healthy controls, using indocyanine green (ICG) dye and near-infrared (NIR) imaging. METHODS NIR imaging of the hands of 8 patients with active RA and 13 healthy controls was performed following web space injection of 0.1 ml of 100 μM ICG. The percentage of ICG retention in the web spaces was determined by NIR imaging at baseline and at 7 days (±1 day) after the initial injections; image analysis provided contraction frequency. ICG+ lymphatic vessel (LV) length and branching architecture were assessed. RESULTS Retention of ICG in RA hands was higher compared to controls (P < 0.01). The average contraction frequency of ICG+ LVs in RA patients and in controls did not differ (mean ± SD 0.53 ± 0.39 contractions/minute versus 0.51 ± 0.35 contractions/minute). Total ICG+ LV length in RA hands was lower compared to healthy controls (58.3 ± 15.0 cm versus 71.4 ± 16.1 cm; P < 0.001), concomitant with a decrease in the number of ICG+ basilic LVs in the hands of RA patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Lymphatic drainage in the hands of RA patients with active disease was reduced compared to controls. This reduction was associated with a decrease in total length of ICG+ LVs on the dorsal surface of the hands, which continued to contract at a similar rate to that observed in controls. These findings provide a plausible mechanism for exacerbation of synovitis and joint damage, specifically the accumulation and retention of inflammatory cells and catabolic factors in RA joints due to impaired efferent lymphatic flow. NIR/ICG imaging of RA hands is feasible and warrants formal investigation as a primary outcome measure for arthritis disease severity and/or persistence in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Bell
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Homaira Rahimi
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - H Mark Kenney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | | | - Ronald W Wood
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Edward M Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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Notohamiprodjo S, Varasteh Z, Beer AJ, Niu G, Chen X(S, Weber W, Schwaiger M. Tumor Vasculature. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Paulson D, Harms R, Ward C, Latterell M, Pazour GJ, Fink DM. Loss of Primary Cilia Protein IFT20 Dysregulates Lymphatic Vessel Patterning in Development and Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672625. [PMID: 34055805 PMCID: PMC8160126 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microenvironmental signals produced during development or inflammation stimulate lymphatic endothelial cells to undergo lymphangiogenesis, in which they sprout, proliferate, and migrate to expand the vascular network. Many cell types detect changes in extracellular conditions via primary cilia, microtubule-based cellular protrusions that house specialized membrane receptors and signaling complexes. Primary cilia are critical for receipt of extracellular cues from both ligand-receptor pathways and physical forces such as fluid shear stress. Here, we report the presence of primary cilia on immortalized mouse and primary adult human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells in vitro and on both luminal and abluminal domains of mouse corneal, skin, and mesenteric lymphatic vessels in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of disrupting primary cilia on lymphatic vessel patterning during development and inflammation. Intraflagellar transport protein 20 (IFT20) is part of the transport machinery required for ciliary assembly and function. To disrupt primary ciliary signaling, we generated global and lymphatic endothelium-specific IFT20 knockout mouse models and used immunofluorescence microscopy to quantify changes in lymphatic vessel patterning at E16.5 and in adult suture-mediated corneal lymphangiogenesis. Loss of IFT20 during development resulted in edema, increased and more variable lymphatic vessel caliber and branching, as well as red blood cell-filled lymphatics. We used a corneal suture model to determine ciliation status of lymphatic vessels during acute, recurrent, and tumor-associated inflammatory reactions and wound healing. Primary cilia were present on corneal lymphatics during all of the mechanistically distinct lymphatic patterning events of the model and assembled on lymphatic endothelial cells residing at the limbus, stalk, and vessel tip. Lymphatic-specific deletion of IFT20 cell-autonomously exacerbated acute corneal lymphangiogenesis resulting in increased lymphatic vessel density and branching. These data are the first functional studies of primary cilia on lymphatic endothelial cells and reveal a new dimension in regulation of lymphatic vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delayna Paulson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
- BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Rebecca Harms
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
- BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Cody Ward
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
- BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Mackenzie Latterell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
- BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Gregory J. Pazour
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Darci M. Fink
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
- BioSNTR, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
- *Correspondence: Darci M. Fink,
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Genetic landscape and autoimmunity of monocytes in developing Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:25712-25721. [PMID: 32989127 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002476117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting multiple organs, including eyes, skin, and central nervous system. It is known that monocytes significantly contribute to the development of autoimmune disease. However, the subset heterogeneity with unique functions and signatures in human circulating monocytes and the identity of disease-specific monocytic populations remain largely unknown. Here, we employed an advanced single-cell RNA sequencing technology to systematically analyze 11,259 human circulating monocytes and genetically defined their subpopulations. We constructed a precise atlas of human blood monocytes, identified six subpopulations-including S100A12, HLA, CD16, proinflammatory, megakaryocyte-like, and NK-like monocyte subsets-and uncovered two previously unidentified subsets: HLA and megakaryocyte-like monocyte subsets. Relative to healthy individuals, cellular composition, gene expression signatures, and activation states were markedly alternated in VKH patients utilizing cell type-specific programs, especially the CD16 and proinflammatory monocyte subpopulations. Notably, we discovered a disease-relevant subgroup, proinflammatory monocytes, which showed a discriminative gene expression signature indicative of inflammation, antiviral activity, and pathologic activation, and converted into a pathologic activation state implicating the active inflammation during VKH disease. Additionally, we found the cell type-specific transcriptional signature of proinflammatory monocytes, ISG15, whose production might reflect the treatment response. Taken together, in this study, we present discoveries on accurate classification, molecular markers, and signaling pathways for VKH disease-associated monocytes. Therapeutically targeting this proinflammatory monocyte subpopulation would provide an attractive approach for treating VKH, as well as other autoimmune diseases.
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