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Bianco A, Di Sante G, Colò F, De Arcangelis V, Cicia A, Del Giacomo P, De Bonis M, Morganti TG, Carlomagno V, Lucchini M, Minucci A, Calabresi P, Mirabella M. Multiple Sclerosis Onset before and after COVID-19 Vaccination: Can HLA Haplotype Be Determinant? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4556. [PMID: 38674141 PMCID: PMC11050425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A few cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) onset after COVID-19 vaccination have been reported, although the evidence is insufficient to establish causality. The aim of this study is to compare cases of newly diagnosed relapsing-remitting MS before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of COVID-19 vaccination. Potential environmental and genetic predisposing factors were also investigated, as well as clinical patterns. This is a single-centre retrospective cohort study including all patients who presented with relapsing-remitting MS onset between January 2018 and July 2022. Data on COVID-19 vaccination administration, dose, and type were collected. HLA-DRB1 genotyping was performed in three subgroups. A total of 266 patients received a new diagnosis of relapsing-remitting MS in our centre, 143 before the COVID-19 pandemic (until and including March 2020), and 123 during the COVID-19 era (from April 2020). The mean number of new MS onset cases per year was not different before and during the COVID-19 era and neither were baseline patients' characteristics, type of onset, clinical recovery, or radiological patterns. Fourteen (11.4%) patients who subsequently received a new diagnosis of MS had a history of COVID-19 vaccination within one month before symptoms onset. Patients' characteristics, type of onset, clinical recovery, and radiological patterns did not differ from those of patients with non-vaccine-related new diagnoses of MS. The allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*15 were 17.6% and 22.2% in patients with non-vaccine-related disease onset before and during the COVID-19 era, respectively, while no case of HLA-DRB1*15 was identified among patients with a new diagnosis of MS post-COVID-19 vaccine. In contrast, HLA-DRB1*08+ or HLA-DRB1*10+ MS patients were present only in this subgroup. Although a causal link between COVID-19 vaccination and relapsing-remitting MS cannot be detected, it is interesting to note and speculate about the peculiarities and heterogeneities underlying disease mechanisms of MS, where the interactions of genetics and the environment could be crucial also for the follow-up and the evaluation of therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Bianco
- Division of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Colò
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria De Arcangelis
- Division of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cicia
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Del Giacomo
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria De Bonis
- Departmental Unit of Molecular and Genomic Diagnostics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Genomics Core Facility, Gemelli Science and Technology Park (G-STeP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giuseppe Morganti
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carlomagno
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Division of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Departmental Unit of Molecular and Genomic Diagnostics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Genomics Core Facility, Gemelli Science and Technology Park (G-STeP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Division of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mirabella
- Division of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla “Anna Paola Batocchi”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
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2
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Ulutekin C, Galli E, Schreiner B, Khademi M, Callegari I, Piehl F, Sanderson N, Kirschenbaum D, Mundt S, Filippi M, Furlan R, Olsson T, Derfuss T, Ingelfinger F, Becher B. B cell depletion attenuates CD27 signaling of T helper cells in multiple sclerosis. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101351. [PMID: 38134930 PMCID: PMC10829729 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Whereas T cells are likely the main drivers of disease development, the striking efficacy of B cell-depleting therapies (BCDTs) underscore B cells' involvement in disease progression. How B cells contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis-and consequently the precise mechanism of action of BCDTs-remains elusive. Here, we analyze the impact of BCDTs on the immune landscape in patients with MS using high-dimensional single-cell immunophenotyping. Algorithm-guided analysis reveals a decrease in circulating T follicular helper-like (Tfh-like) cells alongside increases in CD27 expression in memory T helper cells and Tfh-like cells. Elevated CD27 indicates disrupted CD27/CD70 signaling, as sustained CD27 activation in T cells leads to its cleavage. Immunohistological analysis shows CD70-expressing B cells at MS lesion sites. These results suggest that the efficacy of BCDTs may partly hinge upon the disruption of Th cell and B cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Ulutekin
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edoardo Galli
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Schreiner
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mohsen Khademi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18A, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilaria Callegari
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fredrik Piehl
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18A, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas Sanderson
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Kirschenbaum
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Mundt
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, and Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Via Olgettina n. 60 - 20132, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Via Olgettina n. 60 - 20132, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina n. 60 - 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Visionsgatan 18A, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Derfuss
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Department of Biomedicine and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Ingelfinger
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Dedoni S, Scherma M, Camoglio C, Siddi C, Dazzi L, Puliga R, Frau J, Cocco E, Fadda P. An overall view of the most common experimental models for multiple sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106230. [PMID: 37453561 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex chronic disease with an unknown etiology. It is considered an inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized, in most cases, by an unpredictable onset of relapse and remission phases. The disease generally starts in subjects under 40; it has a higher incidence in women and is described as a multifactorial disorder due to the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. Unfortunately, there is currently no definitive cure for MS. Still, therapies can modify the disease's natural history, reducing the relapse rate and slowing the progression of the disease or managing symptoms. The limited access to human CNS tissue slows down. It limits the progression of research on MS. This limit has been partially overcome over the years by developing various experimental models to study this disease. Animal models of autoimmune demyelination, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and viral and toxin or transgenic MS models, represent the most significant part of MS research approaches. These models have now been complemented by ex vivo studies, using organotypic brain slice cultures and in vitro, through induced Pluripotent Stem cells (iPSCs). We will discuss which clinical features of the disorders might be reproduced and investigated in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro in models commonly used in MS research to understand the processes behind the neuropathological events occurring in the CNS of MS patients. The primary purpose of this review is to give the reader a global view of the main paradigms used in MS research, spacing from the classical animal models to transgenic mice and 2D and 3D cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dedoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - M Scherma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - C Camoglio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - C Siddi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - L Dazzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - R Puliga
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Anthropology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - J Frau
- Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center, ASSL Cagliari, ATS Sardegna, Italy
| | - E Cocco
- Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center, ASSL Cagliari, ATS Sardegna, Italy; Department Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - P Fadda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Italy; Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Cagliari, Italy.
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4
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Shams H, Shao X, Santaniello A, Kirkish G, Harroud A, Ma Q, Isobe N, Schaefer CA, McCauley JL, Cree BAC, Didonna A, Baranzini SE, Patsopoulos NA, Hauser SL, Barcellos LF, Henry RG, Oksenberg JR. Polygenic risk score association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility and phenotype in Europeans. Brain 2023; 146:645-656. [PMID: 35253861 PMCID: PMC10169285 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygenic inheritance plays a pivotal role in driving multiple sclerosis susceptibility, an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. We developed polygenic risk scores (PRS) of multiple sclerosis and assessed associations with both disease status and severity in cohorts of European descent. The largest genome-wide association dataset for multiple sclerosis to date (n = 41 505) was leveraged to generate PRS scores, serving as an informative susceptibility marker, tested in two independent datasets, UK Biobank [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72-0.74, P = 6.41 × 10-146] and Kaiser Permanente in Northern California (KPNC, AUC = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.76-0.82, P = 1.5 × 10-53). Individuals within the top 10% of PRS were at higher than 5-fold increased risk in UK Biobank (95% CI: 4.7-6, P = 2.8 × 10-45) and 15-fold higher risk in KPNC (95% CI: 10.4-24, P = 3.7 × 10-11), relative to the median decile. The cumulative absolute risk of developing multiple sclerosis from age 20 onwards was significantly higher in genetically predisposed individuals according to PRS. Furthermore, inclusion of PRS in clinical risk models increased the risk discrimination by 13% to 26% over models based only on conventional risk factors in UK Biobank and KPNC, respectively. Stratifying disease risk by gene sets representative of curated cellular signalling cascades, nominated promising genetic candidate programmes for functional characterization. These pathways include inflammatory signalling mediation, response to viral infection, oxidative damage, RNA polymerase transcription, and epigenetic regulation of gene expression to be among significant contributors to multiple sclerosis susceptibility. This study also indicates that PRS is a useful measure for estimating susceptibility within related individuals in multicase families. We show a significant association of genetic predisposition with thalamic atrophy within 10 years of disease progression in the UCSF-EPIC cohort (P < 0.001), consistent with a partial overlap between the genetics of susceptibility and end-organ tissue injury. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested an effect of multiple sclerosis susceptibility on thalamic volume, which was further indicated to be through horizontal pleiotropy rather than a causal effect. In summary, this study indicates important, replicable associations of PRS with enhanced risk assessment and radiographic outcomes of tissue injury, potentially informing targeted screening and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Shams
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xiaorong Shao
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Adam Santaniello
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gina Kirkish
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Adil Harroud
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | | | - Jacob L McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bruce A C Cree
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alessandro Didonna
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Sergio E Baranzini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nikolaos A Patsopoulos
- Systems Biology and Computer Science Program, Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, 02115 MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisa F Barcellos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Roland G Henry
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jorge R Oksenberg
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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5
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Bui B, Byun J, Jacobs J, Liu AK. Multiple Sclerosis in a Patient With Prior West Nile Encephalitis. Cureus 2022; 14:e28935. [PMID: 36105902 PMCID: PMC9454377 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by an inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system. The degenerative disease has been linked to numerous viral infections, geographical locations, and genetic predisposition. One link that has not been fully established is the relationship between West Nile virus infection and its role in the initiation of multiple sclerosis. This case study provides further evidence that the proinflammatory neurological processes induced by the West Nile virus may lead to systemic demyelination of neuronal axons, ultimately causing multiple sclerosis.
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6
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Kelkka T, Tyster M, Lundgren S, Feng X, Kerr C, Hosokawa K, Huuhtanen J, Keränen M, Patel B, Kawakami T, Maeda Y, Nieminen O, Kasanen T, Aronen P, Yadav B, Rajala H, Nakazawa H, Jaatinen T, Hellström-Lindberg E, Ogawa S, Ishida F, Nishikawa H, Nakao S, Maciejewski J, Young NS, Mustjoki S. Anti-COX-2 autoantibody is a novel biomarker of immune aplastic anemia. Leukemia 2022; 36:2317-2327. [PMID: 35927326 PMCID: PMC9417997 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In immune aplastic anemia (IAA), severe pancytopenia results from the immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells. Several autoantibodies have been reported, but no clinically applicable autoantibody tests are available for IAA. We screened autoantibodies using a microarray containing >9000 proteins and validated the findings in a large international cohort of IAA patients (n = 405) and controls (n = 815). We identified a novel autoantibody that binds to the C-terminal end of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2, aCOX-2 Ab). In total, 37% of all adult IAA patients tested positive for aCOX-2 Ab, while only 1.7% of the controls were aCOX-2 Ab positive. Sporadic non-IAA aCOX-2 Ab positive cases were observed among patients with related bone marrow failure diseases, multiple sclerosis, and type I diabetes, whereas no aCOX-2 Ab seropositivity was detected in the healthy controls, in patients with non-autoinflammatory diseases or rheumatoid arthritis. In IAA, anti-COX-2 Ab positivity correlated with age and the HLA-DRB1*15:01 genotype. 83% of the >40 years old IAA patients with HLA-DRB1*15:01 were anti-COX-2 Ab positive, indicating an excellent sensitivity in this group. aCOX-2 Ab positive IAA patients also presented lower platelet counts. Our results suggest that aCOX-2 Ab defines a distinct subgroup of IAA and may serve as a valuable disease biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Kelkka
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Tyster
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sofie Lundgren
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xingmin Feng
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cassandra Kerr
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research and Leukemia Program, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kohei Hosokawa
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Jani Huuhtanen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Keränen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bhavisha Patel
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Toru Kawakami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Maeda
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Otso Nieminen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Kasanen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pasi Aronen
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki-Uusimaa Hospital District, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bhagwan Yadav
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Rajala
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hideyuki Nakazawa
- Department of Hematology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Taina Jaatinen
- Histocompatibility Testing Laboratory, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Hellström-Lindberg
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ishida
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakao
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Jaroslaw Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research and Leukemia Program, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Neal S Young
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland. .,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland.
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7
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Doroszkiewicz J, Groblewska M, Mroczko B. Molecular Biomarkers and Their Implications for the Early Diagnosis of Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094610. [PMID: 35563001 PMCID: PMC9100918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The degeneration and dysfunction of neurons are key features of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Currently, one of the main challenges facing researchers and clinicians is the ability to obtain reliable diagnostic tools that will allow for the diagnosis of NDs as early as possible and the detection of neuronal dysfunction, preferably in the presymptomatic stage. Additionally, better tools for assessing disease progression in this group of disorders are also being sought. The ideal biomarker must have high sensitivity and specificity, be easy to measure, give reproducible results, and reflect the disease progression. Molecular biomarkers include miRNAs and extracellular microvesicles known as exosomes. They may be measured in two extracellular fluids of the highest importance in NDs, i.e., cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. The aim of the current review is to summarize the pathophysiology of the four most frequent NDs—i.e., Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS)—as well as current progress in the research into miRNAs as biomarkers in these major neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we discuss the possibility of using miRNA-based therapies in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, and present the limitations of this type of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Doroszkiewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-686-51-68
| | - Magdalena Groblewska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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8
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Viral Proteins with PxxP and PY Motifs May Play a Role in Multiple Sclerosis. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020281. [PMID: 35215874 PMCID: PMC8879583 DOI: 10.3390/v14020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating disease that arises from immune system attacks to the protective myelin sheath that covers nerve fibers and ensures optimal communication between brain and body. Although the cause of MS is unknown, a number of factors, which include viruses, have been identified as increasing the risk of displaying MS symptoms. Specifically, the ubiquitous and highly prevalent Epstein–Barr virus, human herpesvirus 6, cytomegalovirus, varicella–zoster virus, and other viruses have been identified as potential triggering agents. In this review, we examine the specific role of proline-rich proteins encoded by these viruses and their potential role in MS at a molecular level.
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9
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Bian B, Couvy-Duchesne B, Wray NR, McRae AF. OUP accepted manuscript. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac078. [PMID: 35441133 PMCID: PMC9014537 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in the human leukocyte antigen and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor regions have been associated with many brain-related diseases, but how they shape brain structure and function remains unclear. To identify the genetic variants in HLA and KIR genes associated with human brain phenotypes, we performed a genetic association study of ∼30 000 European unrelated individuals using brain MRI phenotypes generated by the UK Biobank (UKB). We identified 15 HLA alleles in HLA class I and class II genes significantly associated with at least one brain MRI-based phenotypes (P < 5 × 10−8). These associations converged on several main haplotypes within the HLA. In particular, the human leukocyte antigen alleles within an ancestral haplotype 8.1 were associated with multiple MRI measures, including grey matter volume, cortical thickness (TH) and diffusion MRI (dMRI) metrics. These alleles have been strongly associated with schizophrenia. Additionally, associations were identified between HLA-DRB1*04∼DQA1*03:01∼DQB1*03:02 and isotropic volume fraction of diffusion MRI in multiple white matter tracts. This haplotype has been reported to be associated with Parkinson’s disease. These findings suggest shared genetic associations between brain MRI biomarkers and brain-related diseases. Additionally, we identified 169 associations between the complement component 4 (C4) gene and imaging phenotypes. We found that C4 gene copy number was associated with cortical TH and dMRI metrics. No KIR gene copy numbers were associated with image-derived phenotypes at genome-wide threshold. To address the multiple testing burden in the phenome-wide association study, we performed a multi-trait association analysis using trait-based association test that uses extended Simes procedure and identified MRI image-specific associations. This study contributes to insight into how critical immune genes affect brain-related traits as well as the development of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Bian
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Paris Brain Institute, CNRS, INRIA, Paris, France
| | - Naomi R. Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Allan F. McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence to: Allan F. McRae The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia E-mail:
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10
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Noro F, Alves-Leon SV, Fontes-Dantas FL, Valle Bahia PR, Andreiuolo RF, Rueda Lopes FC, Pereira VCSR, Abi-Haila LDAA, Coutinho RA, Araujo ADD, Marchiori E. HLA-DQA1*04:01 is related to a higher multiple sclerosis lesion load on T2/Flair MRI sequences. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2021; 79:1109-1115. [PMID: 34877984 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic predisposition to multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with HLA alleles, especially HLA-DRB1*15:01. OBJECTIVE To identify associations between findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic features in a Brazilian cohort of patients with MS. METHODS We retrospectively studied data from 95 consecutive patients with MS. Two independent observers who were blinded to the clinical data identified black holes and enhanced lesions on T1 MRI sequences, and counted and measured contrast-enhanced lesions on T2 and Flair (fluid attenuation inversion recovery) sequences. Cases were classified according to lesion size, number, and volume. The HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DQA1 alleles, and the rs4774, rs3087456, rs6897932, rs731236, and rs1033182 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction amplification with sequence-specific primers using the One Lambda Inc. Kit, Canoga Park, CA, USA. RESULTS Patients with the HLA-DQA1*04:01 allele had lesion load (adjusted for age, sex, and MS duration) above median compared with patients with other HLA-DQA1 alleles (p=0.02). There were no differences among all the other HLA alleles and single nucleotide polymorphisms and lesion load. CONCLUSIONS The correlation of the HLA-DQA1*04:01 allele with a higher lesion load on T2/Flair MRI sequences suggests that the presence of this allele is associated with the risk of greater MS severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Noro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Radiologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Renan Amaral Coutinho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Radiologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dutra de Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Radiologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Edson Marchiori
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Radiologia, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
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11
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Grigg JB, Shanmugavadivu A, Regen T, Parkhurst CN, Ahmed A, Joseph AM, Mazzucco M, Gronke K, Diefenbach A, Eberl G, Vartanian T, Waisman A, Sonnenberg GF. Antigen-presenting innate lymphoid cells orchestrate neuroinflammation. Nature 2021; 600:707-712. [PMID: 34853467 PMCID: PMC8702489 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory T cells in the central nervous system (CNS) are causally associated with multiple demyelinating and neurodegenerative diseases1-6, but the pathways that control these responses remain unclear. Here we define a population of inflammatory group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) that infiltrate the CNS in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. These ILC3s are derived from the circulation, localize in proximity to infiltrating T cells in the CNS, function as antigen-presenting cells that restimulate myelin-specific T cells, and are increased in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Notably, antigen presentation by inflammatory ILC3s is required to promote T cell responses in the CNS and the development of multiple-sclerosis-like disease in mouse models. By contrast, conventional and tissue-resident ILC3s in the periphery do not appear to contribute to disease induction, but instead limit autoimmune T cell responses and prevent multiple-sclerosis-like disease when experimentally targeted to present myelin antigen. Collectively, our data define a population of inflammatory ILC3s that is essential for directly promoting T-cell-dependent neuroinflammation in the CNS and reveal the potential of harnessing peripheral tissue-resident ILC3s for the prevention of autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Grigg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arthi Shanmugavadivu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tommy Regen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christopher N Parkhurst
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anees Ahmed
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ann M Joseph
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Mazzucco
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Konrad Gronke
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerard Eberl
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Timothy Vartanian
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Hedström AK, Olsson T, Alfredsson L. The increased risk of multiple sclerosis associated with HLA-DRB1*15:01 and smoking is modified by alcohol consumption. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21237. [PMID: 34707149 PMCID: PMC8551162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have observed an inverse association between alcohol consumption and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. We aimed to investigate possible interactions between alcohol consumption, MS-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes and smoking regarding MS risk. We used a Swedish population-based case-control study (2059 incident cases, 2887 controls) matched by age, sex, and residential area. Subjects with different genotypes and alcohol consumption habits were compared regarding MS risk, by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression models. Interaction on the additive scale between non-drinking and both genotype and smoking were assessed by calculating the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP). There was a dose-dependent inverse association between alcohol consumption and MS risk (p for trend < 0.0001). A potentiating effect was observed between non-drinking and presence of DRB1*15:01 (AP 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.5) which was of similar magnitude irrespective of smoking habits. Non-drinking also interacted with smoking to increase MS risk (AP 0.2, 95% CI 0.06-0.4). Non-drinking interacts with DRB1*15:01 and smoking to increase the risk of MS. Better understanding of the mechanisms behind our findings may help to define ways to achieve protection against MS by other means than alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karin Hedström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, K8, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Hecker M, Bühring J, Fitzner B, Rommer PS, Zettl UK. Genetic, Environmental and Lifestyle Determinants of Accelerated Telomere Attrition as Contributors to Risk and Severity of Multiple Sclerosis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1510. [PMID: 34680143 PMCID: PMC8533505 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. Shortened telomere lengths (TL) are an indicator of premature biological aging and have been associated with a wide spectrum of disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. The exact cause of MS is still unclear. Here, we provide an overview of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that have been described to influence TL and to contribute to susceptibility to MS and possibly disease severity. We show that several early-life factors are linked to both reduced TL and higher risk of MS, e.g., adolescent obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking and vitamin D deficiency. This suggests that the mechanisms underlying the disease are connected to cellular aging and senescence promoted by increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Additional prospective research is needed to clearly define the extent to which lifestyle changes can slow down disease progression and prevent accelerated telomere loss in individual patients. It is also important to further elucidate the interactions between shared determinants of TL and MS. In future, cell type-specific studies and advanced TL measurement methods could help to better understand how telomeres may be causally involved in disease processes and to uncover novel opportunities for improved biomarkers and therapeutic interventions in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hecker
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (J.B.); (B.F.); (P.S.R.); (U.K.Z.)
| | - Jan Bühring
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (J.B.); (B.F.); (P.S.R.); (U.K.Z.)
| | - Brit Fitzner
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (J.B.); (B.F.); (P.S.R.); (U.K.Z.)
| | - Paulus Stefan Rommer
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (J.B.); (B.F.); (P.S.R.); (U.K.Z.)
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Uwe Klaus Zettl
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (J.B.); (B.F.); (P.S.R.); (U.K.Z.)
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14
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An Overview of Peptide-Based Molecules as Potential Drug Candidates for Multiple Sclerosis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175227. [PMID: 34500662 PMCID: PMC8434400 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) belongs to demyelinating diseases, which are progressive and highly debilitating pathologies that imply a high burden both on individual patients and on society. Currently, several treatment strategies differ in the route of administration, adverse events, and possible risks. Side effects associated with multiple sclerosis medications range from mild symptoms, such as flu-like or irritation at the injection site, to serious ones, such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other life-threatening events. Moreover, the agents so far available have proved incapable of fully preventing disease progression, mostly during the phases that consist of continuous, accumulating disability. Thus, new treatment strategies, able to halt or even reverse disease progression and specific for targeting solely the pathways that contribute to the disease pathogenesis, are highly desirable. Here, we provide an overview of the recent literature about peptide-based systems tested on experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) models. Since peptides are considered a unique therapeutic niche and important elements in the pharmaceutical landscape, they could open up new therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of MS.
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15
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Bühring J, Hecker M, Fitzner B, Zettl UK. Systematic Review of Studies on Telomere Length in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1272-1286. [PMID: 34341708 PMCID: PMC8279528 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are protective cap structures at the end of chromosomes that are essential for maintaining genomic stability. Accelerated telomere shortening is related to premature cellular senescence. Shortened telomere lengths (TL) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic immune-mediated and neurological diseases. We aimed to systematically review the current literature on the association of TL as a measure of biological age and multiple sclerosis (MS). A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify original studies that presented data on TL in samples from persons with MS. Quantitative and qualitative information was extracted from the articles to summarize and compare the studies. A total of 51 articles were screened, and 7 of them were included in this review. In 6 studies, average TL were analyzed in peripheral blood cells, whereas in one study, bone marrow-derived cells were used. Four of the studies reported significantly shorter leukocyte TL in at least one MS subtype in comparison to healthy controls (p=0.003 in meta-analysis). Shorter telomeres in patients with MS were found to be associated, independently of age, with greater disability, lower brain volume, increased relapse rate and more rapid conversion from relapsing to progressive MS. However, it remains unclear how telomere attrition in MS may be linked to oxidative stress, inflammation and age-related disease processes. Despite few studies in this field, there is substantial evidence on the association of TL and MS. Variability in TL appears to reflect heterogeneity in clinical presentation and course. Further investigations in large and well-characterized cohorts are warranted. More detailed studies on TL of individual chromosomes in specific cell types may help to gain new insights into the pathomechanisms of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Hecker
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Michael Hecker, Rostock University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology, Rostock, Germany. .
| | - Brit Fitzner
- Rostock University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Klaus Zettl
- Rostock University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology, Rostock, Germany
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16
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Maglione A, Zuccalà M, Tosi M, Clerico M, Rolla S. Host Genetics and Gut Microbiome: Perspectives for Multiple Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1181. [PMID: 34440354 PMCID: PMC8394267 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a complex disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS)'s etiology is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. In the last decade, the gut microbiome has emerged as an important environmental factor, but its interaction with host genetics is still unknown. In this review, we focus on these dual aspects of MS pathogenesis: we describe the current knowledge on genetic factors related to MS, based on genome-wide association studies, and then illustrate the interactions between the immune system, gut microbiome and central nervous system in MS, summarizing the evidence available from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis mouse models and studies in patients. Finally, as the understanding of influence of host genetics on the gut microbiome composition in MS is in its infancy, we explore this issue based on the evidence currently available from other autoimmune diseases that share with MS the interplay of genetic with environmental factors (Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus), and discuss avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Maglione
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10100 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Miriam Zuccalà
- Department of Health Sciences, Center on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.T.)
| | - Martina Tosi
- Department of Health Sciences, Center on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.T.)
| | - Marinella Clerico
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10100 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Simona Rolla
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10100 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.)
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17
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Cohan SL, Hendin BA, Reder AT, Smoot K, Avila R, Mendoza JP, Weinstock-Guttman B. Interferons and Multiple Sclerosis: Lessons from 25 Years of Clinical and Real-World Experience with Intramuscular Interferon Beta-1a (Avonex). CNS Drugs 2021; 35:743-767. [PMID: 34228301 PMCID: PMC8258741 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-021-00822-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant interferon (IFN) β-1b was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as the first disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS) in 1993. Since that time, clinical trials and real-world observational studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of IFN therapies. The pivotal intramuscular IFN β-1a phase III trial published in 1996 was the first to demonstrate that a DMT could reduce accumulation of sustained disability in MS. Patient adherence to treatment is higher with intramuscular IFN β-1a, given once weekly, than with subcutaneous formulations requiring multiple injections per week. Moreover, subcutaneous IFN β-1a is associated with an increased incidence of injection-site reactions and neutralizing antibodies compared with intramuscular administration. In recent years, revisions to MS diagnostic criteria have improved clinicians' ability to identify patients with MS and have promoted the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis and disease monitoring. MRI studies show that treatment with IFN β-1a, relative to placebo, reduces T2 and gadolinium-enhancing lesions and gray matter atrophy. Since the approval of intramuscular IFN β-1a, a number of high-efficacy therapies have been approved for MS, though the benefit of these high-efficacy therapies should be balanced against the increased risk of serious adverse events associated with their long-term use. For some subpopulations of patients, including pregnant women, the safety profile of IFN β formulations may provide a particular benefit. In addition, the antiviral properties of IFNs may indicate potential therapeutic opportunities for IFN β in reducing the risk of viral infections such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley L. Cohan
- Providence Multiple Sclerosis Center, Providence Brain and Spine Institute, Portland, OR USA
| | | | | | - Kyle Smoot
- Providence Multiple Sclerosis Center, Providence Brain and Spine Institute, Portland, OR USA
| | | | | | - Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs Comprehensive MS Treatment and Research Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, 1010 Main St., 2nd floor, Buffalo, NY, 14202, USA.
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18
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Delfan N, Galehdari H, Ghanbari Mardasi F, Zabihi R, Latifi Pakdehi T, Seifi T, Majdinasab N. Association of HLA-DR2-Related Haplotype (HLA-DRB5*01-DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602) in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Khuzestan Province. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY 2021; 15:35-46. [PMID: 34282361 PMCID: PMC8272550 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v14i4.18795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a partially heritable autoimmune disease. HLA-DR2 is the largest identified genetic risk factor for MS. The largest identified genetic risk factor is haplotype from the MHC class II HLA-DR2, which increases the disease risk. The HLA-DR2 distribution in MS patients has been confirmed, but contradictory outcomes have been found. Moreover, the HLA-DR2 effect on ethnicity and gender is unclear. There are no data regarding the HLA-DR2 (HLA-DRB1*1501-DRB5*01-DQB1*0602) association with MS in Khuzestan Province, Iran. This study aimed to investigate the association of HLA-DR2 with MS regarding both sex and ethnicity in this province. MATERIALS & METHODS A total of 399 individuals were recruited. HLA typing was conducted using the polymerase chain reaction amplification with sequence-specific primers technology. The HLA-DR2 association with MS was analyzed, and also its probable association with gender, ethnicity, the expanded disability status scale (EDSS), and MS clinical course was examined using the Chi-square test. RESULTS HLA-DRB5*01 - -DQB1*0602 - as the most common HLA haplotype was found in both patient and control groups. In contrast, the DRB5*01 + -DRB1*1501 + -DQB1*0602 - frequency was very low in the groups. It was observed that haplotypes had no association with MS susceptibility. Most of the haplotypes showed no association with ethnicity, sex, EDSS, and MS course except for the HLA-DRB5*01 + -DRB1*1501 + -DQB1*0602 - haplotype that was positively associated with EDSS steps 5 to 10 (p=0.014) and non-RRMS (p=0.023). CONCLUSION There was no association between HLA-DR2 and MS susceptibility. However, the higher HLA-DRB5*01 + -DRB1*1501 + -DQB1*0602 - frequency may play a role in MS development. Also, HLA-DR2 did not increase significantly concerning clinical course, ethnicity, sex, and EDSS. This study further supports the importance of replication studies as susceptible loci that might differ in various ethnicities. Therefore, it is concluded that the association between HLA-DR2 and MS is more allelic than haplotypic in Khuzestan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Delfan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz Iran
| | - Hamid Galehdari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz Iran
| | | | - Rezvan Zabihi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz Iran
| | - Tahereh Latifi Pakdehi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz Iran
| | - Tahereh Seifi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz Iran
| | - Nastaran Majdinasab
- Department of Neurology, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz, Iran
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Watanabe M, Nakamura Y, Isobe N, Tanaka M, Sakoda A, Hayashi F, Kawano Y, Yamasaki R, Matsushita T, Kira JI. Two susceptible HLA-DRB1 alleles for multiple sclerosis differentially regulate anti-JC virus antibody serostatus along with fingolimod. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:206. [PMID: 32646493 PMCID: PMC7350631 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by JC virus (JCV) is a rare but serious complication of some disease-modifying drugs used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS). Japanese MS patients treated with fingolimod were reported to be 10 times more likely to develop PML than equivalent patients in other countries. The strongest susceptibility human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles for MS are distinct between races (DRB1*15:01 for Caucasians and DRB1*04:05 and DRB1*15:01 for Japanese); therefore, we investigated whether HLA class II alleles modulate anti-JCV antibody serostatus in Japanese MS patients with and without fingolimod. Methods We enrolled 128 Japanese patients with MS, in whom 64 (50%) were under fingolimod treatment at sampling, and examined the relationship between HLA class II alleles and anti-JCV antibody serostatus. Serum anti-JCV antibody positivity and index were measured using a second-generation two-step assay and HLA-DRB1 and -DPB1 alleles were genotyped. Results HLA-DRB1*15 carriers had a lower frequency of anti-JCV antibody positivity (57% vs 78%, p = 0.015), and lower antibody index (median 0.42 vs 1.97, p = 0.037) than non-carriers. Among patients without HLA-DRB1*15, DRB1*04 carriers had a higher seropositivity rate than non-carriers (84% vs 54%, p = 0.030), and DPB1*04:02 carriers had a higher anti-JCV antibody index than non-carriers (3.20 vs 1.34, p = 0.008) although anti-JCV antibody-positivity rates did not differ. Patients treated with fingolimod had a higher antibody index than other patients (1.46 vs 0.64, p = 0.039) and treatment period had a positive correlation with antibody index (p = 0.018). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age was positively associated, and HLA-DRB1*15 was negatively associated with anti-JCV antibody positivity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, p = 0.006, and OR = 0.37, p = 0.028, respectively). Excluding HLA-DRB1*15-carriers, DRB1*04 was an independent risk factor for the presence of anti-JCV antibody (OR = 5.50, p = 0.023). Conclusions HLA-DRB1*15 is associated with low anti-JCV antibody positive rate and low JCV antibody index, and in the absence of DRB1*15, DRB1*04 carriers are associated with a high antibody positive rate in Japanese, suggesting the effects of two susceptible HLA-DRB1 alleles on anti-JCV antibody serostatus differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuri Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Brain and Nerve Center, Fukuoka Central Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, 2-6-11 Yakuin, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0022, Japan.,School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Neurological Therapeutics, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masami Tanaka
- Kyoto MS Center, Kyoto Min-Iren-Chuo Hospital, 2-1 Uzumasatsuchimoto-cho, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto, 616-8147, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kaikoukai Jyousai Hospital, 1-4 Kitabatake, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-0815, Japan
| | - Ayako Sakoda
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Brain and Nerve Center, Fukuoka Central Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, 2-6-11 Yakuin, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0022, Japan
| | - Fumie Hayashi
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Kawano
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Omuta National Hospital, 1044-1 Oaza, Tachibana, Omuta, 837-0911, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamasaki
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsushita
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kira
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. .,Department of Neurology, Brain and Nerve Center, Fukuoka Central Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, 2-6-11 Yakuin, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0022, Japan. .,Translational Neuroscience Center, Graduate School of Medicine, and School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, 831-8501, Japan.
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Hedström AK, Olsson T, Kockum I, Hillert J, Alfredsson L. Low fish consumption is associated with a small increased risk of MS. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2020; 7:7/3/e717. [PMID: 32277017 PMCID: PMC7176247 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the influence of lean and fatty fish consumption on MS risk and to what extent a potential effect may be mediated by vitamin D. We also studied the interplay between fish consumption, sun exposure, DRB1*15:01, and A*02:01. METHODS We used 2 population-based case-control studies (6,914 cases and 6,590 controls). Subjects with different fish consumption habits were compared regarding MS risk by calculating ORs with 95% CIs using logistic regression models. The mediation effect of vitamin D on the relationship between fish consumption and MS risk was assessed. Potential interactions between fish consumption, sun exposure, and MS-associated HLA genes were assessed on the additive scale. RESULTS Irrespective of sun exposure habits, low fish consumption, including both lean and fatty fish, was associated with increased MS risk (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.4) and interacted with the DRB1*15:01 allele (AP 0.3, p < 0.0001). The mediation analysis did not support vitamin D as a mediator of the association between fish consumption and MS risk. There was no interaction between fish consumption and sun exposure habits with regard to MS risk. CONCLUSIONS Low fish consumption and low sun exposure seem to be separate risk factors for MS. Our findings suggest that fish consumption predominantly influences MS risk by other means than by effecting vitamin D status, which is of relevance for prevention, in particular for those with a genetic susceptibility to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karin Hedström
- From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience (A.K.H., T.O., I.K., J.H.), Institute of Environmental Medicine (A.K.H., L.A.), Center for Molecular Medicine (T.O., I.K., J.H.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tomas Olsson
- From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience (A.K.H., T.O., I.K., J.H.), Institute of Environmental Medicine (A.K.H., L.A.), Center for Molecular Medicine (T.O., I.K., J.H.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience (A.K.H., T.O., I.K., J.H.), Institute of Environmental Medicine (A.K.H., L.A.), Center for Molecular Medicine (T.O., I.K., J.H.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Hillert
- From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience (A.K.H., T.O., I.K., J.H.), Institute of Environmental Medicine (A.K.H., L.A.), Center for Molecular Medicine (T.O., I.K., J.H.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience (A.K.H., T.O., I.K., J.H.), Institute of Environmental Medicine (A.K.H., L.A.), Center for Molecular Medicine (T.O., I.K., J.H.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (L.A.), Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Hedström AK, Adams C, Shao X, Schaefer C, Olsson T, Barcellos LF, Alfredsson L. Breastfeeding is associated with reduced risk of multiple sclerosis in males, predominantly among HLA-DRB1*15:01 carriers. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2020; 6:2055217320928101. [PMID: 32728476 PMCID: PMC7364805 DOI: 10.1177/2055217320928101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding as an infant appears protective against later development of some autoimmune diseases, but research into its influence on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk has yielded inconclusive results. OBJECTIVE We investigated the possible impact of breastfeeding on MS risk. METHODS We used two population-based case-control studies comprising 3670 cases and 6737 matched controls. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between MS and exposure to prolonged breastfeeding (4 months or longer) versus reduced breastfeeding (less than 4 months). A meta-analysis of case-control studies that assessed the impact of breastfeeding on MS risk among women and men was conducted. RESULTS Prolonged breastfeeding was associated with reduced MS risk among men (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.9) but not among women (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8-1.1). Among men, a synergistic effect was observed between HLA-DRB1*15:01 carrier status and reduced breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS Findings from the current study add to accumulating evidence that breastfeeding may be a modifiable protective factor for reducing the risk of MS in offspring. When possible, mothers should be supported to breastfeed their infants; however, the mechanism of a sex-specific biologic effect of breastfeeding on MS risk is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Hedström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - C Adams
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, School of Public Health, University of California, USA
| | - X Shao
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, USA
| | - C Schaefer
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, USA
| | - T Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - L F Barcellos
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, USA
| | - L Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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Habib R, Ocklenburg S, Hoffjan S, Haghikia A, Epplen JT, Arning L. Association between shorter leukocyte telomeres and multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 341:577187. [PMID: 32050150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Relative telomere length (TL) is regarded as a biomarker of biological age. Accelerated immune aging, as represented by TL reduction, has been demonstrated in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it is still unresolved whether telomere shortening is the cause or the consequence of the pathogenic events underlying autoimmunity. Assessing TL in whole blood DNA samples in 138 MS patients and 120 healthy controls showed reduced TL in patients as compared with controls There seems to be a prelude of accelerated telomere shortening, which may increase the risk for development of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raneem Habib
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sabine Hoffjan
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Aiden Haghikia
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörg Thomas Epplen
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany; Faculty of Health, University Witten-Herdecke, Germany
| | - Larissa Arning
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany.
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Milo R. Ofatumumab – A Potential Subcutaneous B-cell Therapy for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.17925/enr.2020.15.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE In a previous pilot monocentric study, we investigated the relation between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype and multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression over 2 years. HLA-A*02 allele was correlated with better outcomes, whereas HLA-B*07 and HLA-B*44 were correlated with worse outcomes. The objective of this extension study was to further investigate the possible association of HLA genotype with disease status and progression in MS as measured by sensitive and complex clinical and imaging parameters. METHODS Hundred and forty-six MS patients underwent HLA typing. Over a 4-year period of follow-up, we performed three clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments per patient, which respectively included Expanded Disability Status Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Severity Scale, Timed-25-Foot-Walk, 9-Hole Peg Test, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Brief Visual Memory Test, California Verbal Learning Test-II, and whole-brain atrophy, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) lesion volume change and number of new FLAIR lesions using icobrain. We then compared the clinical and MRI outcomes between predefined HLA patient groups. RESULTS Results of this larger study with a longer follow-up are in line with what we have previously shown. HLA-A*02 allele is associated with potentially better MS outcomes, whereas HLA-B*07, HLA-B*44, HLA-B*08, and HLA-DQB1*06 with a potential negative effect. Results for HLA-DRB1*15 are inconclusive. CONCLUSION In the era of MS treatment abundance, HLA genotype might serve as an early biomarker for MS outcomes to inform individualized treatment decisions.
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25
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Alphonsus KB, D'Arcy C. Predictors of people's perceptions of second hand smoke exposure as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 36:101383. [PMID: 31520985 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are both environmental and genetic factors which are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) development. The primary objective of this study was to examine the predictors associated with people's attitudes towards second hand smoke exposure being a risk factor for development of MS. METHODS The data set was drawn from the Health Canada: Smoking Survey conducted in 2004 and 2005 by Environics Research Group in partnership with Health Canada to survey the public in the province of British Columbia (N = 1468), Newfoundland (N = 1442), Quebec (N = 1404), Ontario (N = 1443) and Saskatchewan (N = 1413). A multilevel mixed effects logistic regression model analysis was carried out in order to determine whether people's perceptions of second hand smoking as a risk factor for MS varied based on the province of residence. RESULTS Age, sex, having a household member who smoked inside their home, if respondents were bothered by second hand smoke exposure and smoking status were associated with increased odds of people agreeing to second hand smoke exposure being a risk factor for MS development. The province of residence was also a factor in people's perceptions. CONCLUSION The study results could guide in the development of stop second hand smoking campaigns on social media, TV and bus stop shelters and enforcement of stricter policies on smoking areas. This could help raise awareness about the risk of second hand smoking and its detrimental effect on people living with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carl D'Arcy
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, SK, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Royal University Hospital, SK, Canada
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26
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Chorąży M, Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek N, Posmyk R, Zajkowska A, Kapica-Topczewska K, Krętowski AJ, Kochanowicz J, Kułakowska A. Analysis of chosen SNVs in GPC5, CD58 and IRF8 genes in multiple sclerosis patients. Adv Med Sci 2019; 64:230-234. [PMID: 30818222 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system with a neurodegenerative compound. Heterogenetic background of autoimmunity pathway components has been suggested in the MS pathogenesis. The main aim of our study was to evaluate the association between selected polymorphisms of theCD58, IRF8 and GPC5 genes and treatment effectiveness in a group of relapsing-remitting MS patients. This is the first study of MS patients from Podlaskie Region in the Polish population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group comprised 174 relapsing-remitting MS patients diagnosed under 40 years of age. Genotyping was performed using ready to use TaqMan assays. RESULTS We demonstrate a strong association of the polymorphisms with sex, age of onset and response to the treatment applied. A significant correlation was observed in the presence of allele T of rs10492503 polymorphism inGPC5 gene with sex and age of MS onset. Logistic regression analysis revealed an increased risk of the interaction of rs17445836 in IRF8 gene with male sex and the type of treatment (OR = 3.80, p < 0.05), and a decreased risk in the interaction of female sex with disease progress according to the EDSS scale (OR=-2.33, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The analysis of the correlation between different alleles, genotypes and clinical status confirmed the interaction between the genetic factors of age of onset and response to therapy. The study suggests that genetic variants inGPC5, CD58 and IRF8 genes may be of clinical interest in MS as predictors of age of onset and response to therapy.
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Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that B cells contribute both to the regulation of normal autoimmunity and to the pathogenesis of immune mediated diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). B cells in MS are skewed toward a pro-inflammatory profile, and contribute to MS pathogenesis by antibody production, antigen presentation, T cells stimulation and activation, driving autoproliferation of brain-homing autoreactive CD4+ T cells, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and formation of ectopic meningeal germinal centers that drive cortical pathology and contribute to neurological disability. The recent interest in the key role of B cells in MS has been evoked by the profound anti-inflammatory effects of rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting the B cell surface marker CD20, observed in relapsing-remitting MS. This has been reaffirmed by clinical trials with less immunogenic and more potent B cell-depleting mAbs targeting CD20 – ocrelizumab, ofatumumab and ublituximab. Ocrelizumab is also the first disease-modifying drug that has shown efficacy in primary-progressive MS, and is currently approved for both indications. Another promising approach is the inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, a key enzyme that mediates B cell activation and survival, by agents such as evobrutinib. On the other hand, targeting B cell cytokines with the fusion protein atacicept increased MS activity, highlighting the complex and not fully understood role of B cells and humoral immunity in MS. Finally, all other approved therapies for MS, some of which have been designed to target T cells, have some effects on the frequency, phenotype, or homing of B cells, which may contribute to their therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Milo
- Ron Milo, Department of Neurology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ha-Histadrut St 2, Ashkelon 7308604, Israel,
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and a major contributor to disability of young adults in western countries. MS prevalence is highest in areas with low vitamin D. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble compound with numerous physiologic responses, including immune regulation. An increasing volume of work suggests that lower levels of serum vitamin D are associated with an increased risk of MS and a more severe disease course. With the suggestion of a role in MS disease activity, increasing attention is being paid to the potential of using vitamin D as an add-on therapy to established MS disease-modifying therapies. Several preliminary studies have reported results which have shown some promise, but none has yet provided significant evidence of a clinically meaningful improvement. We review our recommendations for off-label supplementation in the context of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jack Shoemaker
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ellen M Mowry
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Osherov M, Milo R. B Cell-based Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis. EMERGING DRUGS AND TARGETS FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788016070-00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The traditional view of multiple sclerosis (MS) as a T cell mediated autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) has evolved into a concept of an immune-mediated disease where complex bi-directional interactions between T cells, B cells and myeloid cells underlie and shape CNS-directed autoimmunity. B cells are now recognized as major contributors to the pathogenesis of MS, largely due to increased understanding of their biology and the profound anti-inflammatory effects demonstrated by B cell depletion in MS. In this chapter we discuss the fundamental roles B cells play in the pathogenesis of MS and review current and future therapeutic strategies targeting B cells in MS, including B cell depletion with various monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the B cell surface markers CD20 and CD19, anti-B cell cytokine therapies, blocking Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) in B cells, and various immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive effects exerted on B cells by virtually all other approved therapies for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Osherov
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center 2 Hahistadrut St. Ashkelon 7830604 Israel
| | - Ron Milo
- Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center 2 Hahistadrut St. Ashkelon 7830604 Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva Israel
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Chou CH, Lee JT, Tsai CK, Lien LM, Yin JH, Lin CC, Tsai IJ, Sung YF, Yang FC, Tsai CL, Wang IK, Tseng CH, Hsu CY. Increased risk of non-multiple sclerosis demyelinating syndromes in patients with preexisting septicaemia: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Postgrad Med J 2019; 95:307-313. [PMID: 31209183 PMCID: PMC6613738 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Growing evidence shows links between septicaemia and non-multiple sclerosis demyelinating syndromes (NMSDS); nevertheless, epidemiological data are still very limited. This study aimed to explore the relationship between septicaemia and NMSDS in a general population. Methods The study included 482 781 individuals diagnosed with septicaemia and 1 892 825 age/sex-matched non-septicaemia patients for the comparison. Data were drawn from a population-based nationwide National Health Insurance Research Database Taiwan, from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2011. The two cohorts of patients with and without septicaemia were followed up for the occurrence of NMSDS. The Cox-proportional hazard regression model was performed to estimate adjusted HR after multivariate adjustment. Results Individuals with septicaemia had a 4.17-fold (95% CI 3.21 to 5.4, p < 0.001) higher risk to develop NMSDS compared with those without septicaemia. Patients aged <65 years had a greater NMSDS risk (<45 years: HR = 6.41, 95% CI 3.65 to 11.3, p < 0.001; 45–64 years: HR = 6.66, 95% CI 3.98 to 11.2, p < 0.001). Furthermore, females with septicaemia and individuals with higher severity of septicaemia were associated with increased risks of developing NMSDS. Conclusions Our results indicated that patients with septicaemia were likely to develop NMSDS. A possible contributing role of septicaemia in increasing the hazard of NMSDS is proposed, based on the outcome that individuals with higher severity of septicaemia carried elevated threat of encountering NMSDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsing Chou
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jiunn-Tay Lee
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Kuang Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Ming Lien
- Department of Neurology, Shin-Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Haw Yin
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Chieh Lin
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China
| | - I-Ju Tsai
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yueh-Feng Sung
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China
| | - Fu-Chi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China
| | - Chia-Lin Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republicof China
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Kidney Disease, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hung Tseng
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Y Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Deeba E, Koptides D, Lambrianides A, Pantzaris M, Krashias G, Christodoulou C. Complete sequence analysis of human toll-like receptor 3 gene in natural killer cells of multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 33:100-106. [PMID: 31177052 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) where both environmental and genetic risk factors play a role. Among the environmental risk factors, EBV and HSV infections have been suggested as strong candidates contributing to MS pathology/progression. Viral recognition and control is largely tasked to the NK cells via TLR recognition and various cytotoxic and immunoregulatory functions. The present work aimed to characterize NK cells isolated from MS patients for genetic polymorphisms in the gene encoding for TLR3, as TLR3 in NK cells is important in herpesvirus recognition. METHODS Highly purified NK cells isolated from peripheral blood of MS patients (n = 27) and healthy controls (n = 30) were used to sequence all five exons of the TLR3 gene using sanger sequencing. Alignment of the obtained sequences with the wild-type TLR3 sequence was used to identify genetic polymorphisms within the TLR3 gene. RESULTS The alignment identified multiple substitution mutations across the five exons of the TLR3 gene (rs116729895, rs3775296, rs377529, rs3775290, rs3775291, rs376735334 and rs73873710). A significant difference was observed in the allele distribution of rs3775291 (Leu412Phe) between MS patients and HC, whereby the minor allele was detected in 38.9% of MS patients versus 11% of HC (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.021). CONCLUSION There appears to be a possible association between the TLR3 missense mutation rs3775291 and multiple sclerosis, which might be attributed to changes in the TLR3 functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Deeba
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Dana Koptides
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Molecular Virology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anastasia Lambrianides
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Neurology Clinic C, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marios Pantzaris
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Neurology Clinic C, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - George Krashias
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Molecular Virology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Christina Christodoulou
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Molecular Virology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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32
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Milo R. Therapies for multiple sclerosis targeting B cells. Croat Med J 2019; 60:87-98. [PMID: 31044580 PMCID: PMC6509632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that B cells contribute both to the regulation of normal autoimmunity and to the pathogenesis of immune mediated diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). B cells in MS are skewed toward a pro-inflammatory profile, and contribute to MS pathogenesis by antibody production, antigen presentation, T cells stimulation and activation, driving autoproliferation of brain-homing autoreactive CD4+ T cells, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and formation of ectopic meningeal germinal centers that drive cortical pathology and contribute to neurological disability. The recent interest in the key role of B cells in MS has been evoked by the profound anti-inflammatory effects of rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting the B cell surface marker CD20, observed in relapsing-remitting MS. This has been reaffirmed by clinical trials with less immunogenic and more potent B cell-depleting mAbs targeting CD20 - ocrelizumab, ofatumumab and ublituximab. Ocrelizumab is also the first disease-modifying drug that has shown efficacy in primary-progressive MS, and is currently approved for both indications. Another promising approach is the inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, a key enzyme that mediates B cell activation and survival, by agents such as evobrutinib. On the other hand, targeting B cell cytokines with the fusion protein atacicept increased MS activity, highlighting the complex and not fully understood role of B cells and humoral immunity in MS. Finally, all other approved therapies for MS, some of which have been designed to target T cells, have some effects on the frequency, phenotype, or homing of B cells, which may contribute to their therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Milo
- Ron Milo, Department of Neurology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ha-Histadrut St 2, Ashkelon 7308604, Israel,
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Nalawade SA, Ji N, Raphael I, Pratt A, Kraig E, Forsthuber TG. Aire is not essential for regulating neuroinflammatory disease in mice transgenic for human autoimmune-diseases associated MHC class II genes HLA-DR2b and HLA-DR4. Cell Immunol 2018; 331:38-48. [PMID: 29789121 PMCID: PMC6092225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The human autoimmune disease-associated HLA alleles HLA-DR2b (DRB1*1501) and HLA-DR4 (DRB1*0401) are strongly linked to increased susceptibility for multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), respectively. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, but these MHC alleles may shape the repertoire of pathogenic T cells via central tolerance. The transcription factor autoimmune regulator (AIRE) promotes central T cell tolerance via ectopic expression of tissue-specific antigens (TSAs). Aire deficiency in humans causes autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS1), and Aire knockout mice (Aire-/-) develop spontaneous autoimmune pathology characterized by multi-organ lymphocytic infiltrates. Here, we asked whether impaired TSAs gene expression in the absence of Aire promoted spontaneous MS- or RA-like autoimmune pathology in the context of human HLA alleles in HLA-DR2b or HLA-DR4 transgenic (tg) mice. The results show that reduced TSAs gene expression in the thymus of Aire-deficient HLA-DR2b or HLA-DR4 tg mice corresponded to mild spontaneous inflammatory infiltrates in salivary glands, liver, and pancreas. Moreover, Aire-deficiency modestly enhanced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in HLA-DR tg mice, but the animals did not show signs of spontaneous neuroinflammation or arthritis. No significant changes were observed in CD4+ T cell numbers, T cell receptor (TCR) distribution, regulatory T cells (Treg), or antigen-induced cytokine production. Abrogating Treg function by treatment with anti-CTLA-4 or anti-CD25 mAb in Aire-deficient HLA-DR tg mice did not trigger EAE or other autoimmune pathology. Our results suggest a redundant role for Aire in maintaining immune tolerance in the context of autoimmune disease-associated human HLA alleles.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens/immunology
- Antigens/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Autoimmune Diseases/genetics
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- HLA-DR2 Antigen/genetics
- HLA-DR2 Antigen/immunology
- HLA-DR2 Antigen/metabolism
- HLA-DR4 Antigen/genetics
- HLA-DR4 Antigen/immunology
- HLA-DR4 Antigen/metabolism
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Multiple Sclerosis/genetics
- Multiple Sclerosis/immunology
- Multiple Sclerosis/metabolism
- Organ Specificity/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/immunology
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- AIRE Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisha A Nalawade
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Niannian Ji
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Itay Raphael
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Andrew Pratt
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit, San Antonio, TX 78234, United States
| | - Ellen Kraig
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Thomas G Forsthuber
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States.
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Melendez-Torres GJ, Auguste P, Armoiry X, Maheswaran H, Court R, Madan J, Kan A, Lin S, Counsell C, Patterson J, Rodrigues J, Ciccarelli O, Fraser H, Clarke A. Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of beta-interferon and glatiramer acetate for treating multiple sclerosis: systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess 2018; 21:1-352. [PMID: 28914229 DOI: 10.3310/hta21520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At the time of publication of the most recent National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance [technology appraisal (TA) 32] in 2002 on beta-interferon (IFN-β) and glatiramer acetate (GA) for multiple sclerosis, there was insufficient evidence of their clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. OBJECTIVES To undertake (1) systematic reviews of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of IFN-β and GA in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) compared with best supportive care (BSC) and each other, investigating annualised relapse rate (ARR) and time to disability progression confirmed at 3 months and 6 months and (2) cost-effectiveness assessments of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for CIS and RRMS compared with BSC and each other. REVIEW METHODS Searches were undertaken in January and February 2016 in databases including The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and the Science Citation Index. We limited some database searches to specific start dates based on previous, relevant systematic reviews. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts with recourse to a third when needed. The Cochrane tool and the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) and Philips checklists were used for appraisal. Narrative synthesis and, when possible, random-effects meta-analysis and network meta-analysis (NMA) were performed. Cost-effectiveness analysis used published literature, findings from the Department of Health's risk-sharing scheme (RSS) and expert opinion. A de novo economic model was built for CIS. The base case used updated RSS data, a NHS and Personal Social Services perspective, a 50-year time horizon, 2014/15 prices and a discount rate of 3.5%. Outcomes are reported as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). We undertook probabilistic sensitivity analysis. RESULTS In total, 6420 publications were identified, of which 63 relating to 35 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. In total, 86% had a high risk of bias. There was very little difference between drugs in reducing moderate or severe relapse rates in RRMS. All were beneficial compared with BSC, giving a pooled rate ratio of 0.65 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56 to 0.76] for ARR and a hazard ratio of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.55 to 0.87) for time to disability progression confirmed at 3 months. NMA suggested that 20 mg of GA given subcutaneously had the highest probability of being the best at reducing ARR. Three separate cost-effectiveness searches identified > 2500 publications, with 26 included studies informing the narrative synthesis and model inputs. In the base case using a modified RSS the mean incremental cost was £31,900 for pooled DMTs compared with BSC and the mean incremental quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were 0.943, giving an ICER of £33,800 per QALY gained for people with RRMS. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis the ICER was £34,000 per QALY gained. In sensitivity analysis, using the assessment group inputs gave an ICER of £12,800 per QALY gained for pooled DMTs compared with BSC. Pegylated IFN-β-1 (125 µg) was the most cost-effective option of the individual DMTs compared with BSC (ICER £7000 per QALY gained); GA (20 mg) was the most cost-effective treatment for CIS (ICER £16,500 per QALY gained). LIMITATIONS Although we built a de novo model for CIS that incorporated evidence from our systematic review of clinical effectiveness, our findings relied on a population diagnosed with CIS before implementation of the revised 2010 McDonald criteria. CONCLUSIONS DMTs were clinically effective for RRMS and CIS but cost-effective only for CIS. Both RCT evidence and RSS data are at high risk of bias. Research priorities include comparative studies with longer follow-up and systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42016043278. FUNDING The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Melendez-Torres
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Peter Auguste
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Xavier Armoiry
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Hendramoorthy Maheswaran
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Rachel Court
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jason Madan
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Alan Kan
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Stephanie Lin
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Carl Counsell
- Divison of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Jeremy Rodrigues
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olga Ciccarelli
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hannah Fraser
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Aileen Clarke
- Warwick Evidence, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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35
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Zurawski J, Stankiewicz J. Multiple Sclerosis Re-Examined: Essential and Emerging Clinical Concepts. Am J Med 2018; 131:464-472. [PMID: 29274753 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by exacerbations of neurological dysfunction due to inflammatory demyelination. Neurologic symptoms typically present in young adulthood and vary based on the site of inflammation, although weakness, sensory impairment, brainstem dysfunction, and vision loss are common. MS occurs more frequently in women and its development is complex-genetics, hormones, geography, vitamin D, and viral exposure all play roles. Early MS is characterized by relapsing-remitting course and inflammation of the white matter, although as patients age, the disease often transitions to a pathologically distinct secondary progressive phase with gradual disability accrual affecting gait, coordination, and bladder function. A minority of patients (10%) have disease that is progressive at onset. In the past decade, there has been a remarkable expansion in disease-modifying therapy for MS, but treatment of progressive disease remains a challenge. This article reviews foundational concepts in MS and emerging work that has reshaped understanding of the disease, providing new insight for therapeutic advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Zurawski
- Partners MS Center, Boston, Mass; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - James Stankiewicz
- Partners MS Center, Boston, Mass; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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36
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Chuang YH, Lee PC, Vlaar T, Mulot C, Loriot MA, Hansen J, Lill CM, Ritz B, Elbaz A. Pooled analysis of the HLA-DRB1 by smoking interaction in Parkinson disease. Ann Neurol 2017; 82:655-664. [PMID: 28981958 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory response plays an important role in Parkinson disease (PD). Previous studies have reported an association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 and the risk of PD. There has also been growing interest in investigating whether inflammation-related genes interact with environmental factors such as smoking to influence PD risk. We performed a pooled analysis of the interaction between HLA-DRB1 and smoking in PD in 3 population-based case-control studies from Denmark and France. METHODS We included 2,056 cases and 2,723 controls from 3 PD studies (Denmark, France) that obtained information on smoking through interviews. Genotyping of the rs660895 polymorphism in the HLA-DRB1 region was based on saliva or blood DNA samples. To assess interactions, we used logistic regression with product terms between rs660895 and smoking. We performed random-effects meta-analysis of marginal associations and interactions. RESULTS Both carrying rs660895-G (AG vs AA: odds ratio [OR] = 0.81; GG vs AA: OR = 0.56; p-trend = 0.003) and ever smoking (OR = 0.56, p < 0.001) were inversely associated with PD. A multiplicative interaction was observed between rs660895 and smoking using codominant, additive (interaction parameter = 1.37, p = 0.005), and dominant (interaction parameter = 1.54, p = 0.001) genetic models without any heterogeneity (I² = 0.0%); the inverse association of rs660895-(AG+GG) with PD seen in never smokers (OR = 0.64, p < 0.001) disappeared among ever smokers (OR = 1.00, p = 0.99). Similar interactions were observed when we investigated light and heavy smokers separately. INTERPRETATION Our study provides the first evidence that smoking modifies the previously reported inverse association of rs660895-G with PD, and suggests that smoking and HLA-DRB1 are involved in common pathways, possibly related to neuroinflammation. Ann Neurol 2017;82:655-664.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Chuang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Pei-Chen Lee
- Department of Health Care Management, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tim Vlaar
- Universite Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Claire Mulot
- INSERM UMR-S 1147, CRB EPIGENETEC, Univ. Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Loriot
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, Biochimie, Pharmacogenetique et Oncologie Moleculaire, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina M Lill
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Alexis Elbaz
- Universite Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
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37
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Tettey P, Balogun S. Obesity and multiple sclerosis: prevalence, susceptibility and progression in disability. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl-2017-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent emerging data indicate that obesity is an important risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility and may be associated with MS disability progression. Marked interactions between obesity and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype with regard to the risk of MS have been reported. Evidence from Mendelian randomization studies also point to a causal relationship between obesity and MS risk. In this report, we aimed to analyze the current evidence of the relationship between obesity and risk of MS and disability progression, examine data on the interaction between obesity and HLA risk genes of MS and Mendelian randomization studies and to explore the plausible biological mechanisms that may underlie this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudence Tettey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, Australia
| | - Saliu Balogun
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart TAS, Australia
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38
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Morsaljahan Z, Rafiei A, Valadan R, Abedini M, Pakseresht M, Khajavi R. Association between interleukin-32 polymorphism and multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2017; 379:144-150. [PMID: 28716229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zaher Morsaljahan
- Department of Immunology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Rafiei
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Reza Valadan
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Abedini
- Department of Neurology, Buali Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Pakseresht
- Department of Immunology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rezvan Khajavi
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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39
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Involvement of Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 (IRF5) Gene Polymorphisms and Haplotype in Endometriosis-related Infertility. JOURNAL OF ENDOMETRIOSIS AND PELVIC PAIN DISORDERS 2017. [DOI: 10.5301/jeppd.5000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The IRF5 gene belongs to a family of transcription factors involved in modulating cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune system activity. A growing body of evidence indicates that immunological alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, and as a result, polymorphisms in autoimmune-related genes have emerged as possible candidates linked to disease development. Here, we aimed to evaluate a possible association between IRF5 polymorphisms (rs2004640/T>G, rs3807306/G>T, rs10488631/T>C and rs2280714/T>C) and the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods A case-control study was performed comprising an experimental group of 236 infertile women with endometriosis and a control group of 232 fertile women. IRF5 polymorphisms were identified by real-time PCR using the TaqMan method. Genotype distribution and allele frequency were calculated, and haplotype analysis was performed. Results Single-marker analysis revealed that the IRF5 rs10488631 (polymorphic C allele) polymorphism was significantly associated with moderate/severe endometriosis (p = 0.028; OR = 1.79, 95% IC = 1.09–2.94). No association was found with respect to rs2004640, rs3807306 and rs2280714 polymorphisms and the endometriosis group. The combined genotypes of four IRF5 polymorphisms identified the haplotype “GGTT”, which was associated with protection against minimal/mild endometriosis-related infertility (p = 0.003), while the haplotype “GTCT” was associated with a risk of developing moderate/severe endometriosis-related infertility (p = 0.047). Conclusions This is the first study to report an association between IRF5 polymorphisms and endometriosis, and the findings suggest that the IRF5 rs10488631 polymorphism and haplotype “GTCT” were involved in the risk of moderate/severe endometriosis development. The haplotype “GGTT” was associated with protection against minimal/mild endometriosis.
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40
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Hedström AK, Katsoulis M, Hössjer O, Bomfim IL, Oturai A, Sondergaard HB, Sellebjerg F, Ullum H, Thørner LW, Gustavsen MW, Harbo HF, Obradovic D, Gianfrancesco MA, Barcellos LF, Schaefer CA, Hillert J, Kockum I, Olsson T, Alfredsson L. The interaction between smoking and HLA genes in multiple sclerosis: replication and refinement. Eur J Epidemiol 2017; 32:909-919. [PMID: 28597127 PMCID: PMC5680370 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between environment and genetics may contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) development. We investigated whether the previously observed interaction between smoking and HLA genotype in the Swedish population could be replicated, refined and extended to include other populations. We used six independent case–control studies from five different countries (Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Serbia, United States). A pooled analysis was performed for replication of previous observations (7190 cases, 8876 controls). Refined detailed analyses were carried out by combining the genetically similar populations from the Nordic studies (6265 cases, 8401 controls). In both the pooled analyses and in the combined Nordic material, interactions were observed between HLA-DRB*15 and absence of HLA-A*02 and between smoking and each of the genetic risk factors. Two way interactions were observed between each combination of the three variables, invariant over categories of the third. Further, there was also a three way interaction between the risk factors. The difference in MS risk between the extremes was considerable; smokers carrying HLA-DRB1*15 and lacking HLA-A*02 had a 13-fold increased risk compared with never smokers without these genetic risk factors (OR 12.7, 95% CI 10.8–14.9). The risk of MS associated with HLA genotypes is strongly influenced by smoking status and vice versa. Since the function of HLA molecules is to present peptide antigens to T cells, the demonstrated interactions strongly suggest that smoking alters MS risk through actions on adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karin Hedström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ola Hössjer
- Mathematical Statistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Izaura L. Bomfim
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Oturai
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Bach Sondergaard
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Sellebjerg
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Wegner Thørner
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marte Wendel Gustavsen
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne F. Harbo
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Milena A. Gianfrancesco
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3220 USA
| | - Lisa F. Barcellos
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3220 USA
| | | | - Jan Hillert
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Liu H, Huang J, Dou M, Liu Y, Xiao B, Liu X, Huang Z. Variants in the IL7RA gene confer susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in Caucasians: evidence based on 9734 cases and 10436 controls. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1207. [PMID: 28446795 PMCID: PMC5430888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, numerous genome wide association studies (GWAS) and other case-control association studies examining the relationship between interleukin-7 receptor α chain (IL7RA) gene rs3194051, rs987107, rs11567686, and rs11567685 variants and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk have been conducted, but the conclusions have been inconsistent. The main objective of this meta-analysis was to more precisely explore the association of these four IL7RA variants with MS development. Twenty-seven eligible studies involving 9734 cases and 10436 controls were included in the present meta-analysis. Power calculation, publication bias, sensitivity analysis and cumulative meta-analysis were performed to derive a reliable conclusion. Our study indicated three IL7RA loci were significantly associated with increasing MS risk (rs3194051: recessive model: OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.08–1.38; rs987107: recessive model: OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.22–1.69; and rs11567686: dominant model: OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.37). Additionally, IL7RA rs11567685 variants might not be related to MS development. In all, IL7RA locus polymorphisms could play an important role in the predisposition to MS, which could contribute to a better understanding the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dalingshan Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523819, China
| | - Mengmeng Dou
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.,Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Biying Xiao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Xu Liu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China. .,Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
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Javan MR, Shahraki S, Safa A, Zamani MR, Salmaninejad A, Aslani S. An interleukin 12 B single nucleotide polymorphism increases IL-12p40 production and is associated with increased disease susceptibility in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurol Res 2017; 39:435-441. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1301623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Javan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- Department of Neurology & Neuroscience, Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sarieh Shahraki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Amin Safa
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zamani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lysandropoulos AP, Mavroudakis N, Pandolfo M, El Hafsi K, van Hecke W, Maertens A, Billiet T, Ribbens A. HLA genotype as a marker of multiple sclerosis prognosis: A pilot study. J Neurol Sci 2017; 375:348-354. [PMID: 28320165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The identification of a biomarker with prognostic value is an unmet need in multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study was to investigate a possible association of HLA genotype with disease status and progression in MS, based on comprehensive and sensitive clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters to measure disease effects. METHOD A total of 118 MS patients (79 females, 39 males) underwent HLA typing. Patient MS status was assessed at two time points in a 2-year interval, based on clinical scores (including EDSS, MSSS, T25FW, 9-HPT, SDMT, BVMT, CVLT-II) and MRI evaluations. Quantitative brain MRI values were obtained for whole brain atrophy, FLAIR lesion volume change and number of new lesions using MSmetrix. Predefined HLA patient groups were compared as of disease status and progression. Global assessment was achieved by an overall t-statistic and assessment per measurement by a Welch test and/or Mann Whitney U test. The effects of multiple covariates, including age, gender and disease duration as well as scan parameters, were also evaluated using a regression analysis. RESULTS The HLA-A*02 allele was associated with better outcomes in terms of MSSS, EDSS and new lesion count (Welch test p-value<0.05). The HLA-B*07 and HLA-B*44 alleles showed a global negative effect on disease status, although none of the measurements reached significance (p-value<0.05). Results for the HLA-DRB1*15, HLA-DQB1*06 and HLA-B*08 alleles were inconclusive. The influence of the confounding variables on the statistical analysis was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Mavroudakis
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Massimo Pandolfo
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Kaoutar El Hafsi
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
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Song Z, Xiong B, Zheng H, Manyande A, Guan X, Cao F, Ren L, Zhou Y, Ye D, Tian Y. STAT1 as a downstream mediator of ERK signaling contributes to bone cancer pain by regulating MHC II expression in spinal microglia. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 60:161-173. [PMID: 27742579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility class II (MHC II)-specific activation of CD4+ T helper cells generates specific and persistent adaptive immunity against tumors. Emerging evidence demonstrates that MHC II is also involved in basic pain perception; however, little is known regarding its role in the development of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). In this study, we demonstrate that MHC II expression was markedly induced on the spinal microglia of CIBP rats in response to STAT1 phosphorylation. Mechanical allodynia was ameliorated by either pharmacological or genetic inhibition of MHC II upregulation, which was also attenuated by the inhibition of pSTAT1 and pERK but was deteriorated by intrathecal injection of IFNγ. Furthermore, inhibition of ERK signaling decreased the phosphorylation of STAT1, as well as the production of MHC II in vivo and in vitro. These findings suggest that STAT1 contributes to bone cancer pain as a downstream mediator of ERK signaling by regulating MHC II expression in spinal microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenpeng Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Pain Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Bingrui Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Anne Manyande
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University of West London, Middlesex TW8 9GA, UK
| | - Xuehai Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lifang Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yaqun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dawei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yuke Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Analysis of ICAM1 gene polymorphism in Slovak multiple sclerosis patients. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 62:287-293. [PMID: 28130760 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Infiltration of immune cells into CNS is one of the essential events in multiple sclerosis (MS) development. Adhesion molecules like the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) play critical role in this process. Therefore, the ICAM1 gene containing two important single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) belongs to candidate loci with possible involvement in MS susceptibility and/or severity. The objective of our case-control study was to analyze the association of two functional ICAM1 polymorphisms rs1799969 (or G241R) and rs5498 (or K469E) with susceptibility to MS and evaluate their influence on the age at disease onset, severity, neurological disability and progression rate. Two hundred forty-eight MS subjects (mean 39.2 years) and 208 age-matched controls (mean 35.6 years) were involved in the study. Genotyping of ICAM1 rs1799969 and rs5498 SNPs was performed by PCR-RFLP. Presence of the rs3135388 polymorphism tagging the major MS risk allele HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele was determined as well. Our analysis revealed no statistically significant association of ICAM1 polymorphisms with risk of MS development in the Slovak population. Stratification of study cohorts by gender, age at onset and presence of the HLA-DRB1*15:01 risk allele showed only moderate changes. Correlation of clinical findings as age at onset, Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score and progression index with ICAM1 genotypes in MS patients revealed no significant association; however, patients with earlier onset of MS showed slightly higher frequencies of the homozygous G allele at rs5498 in comparison to other genotypes (P = 0.04), suggesting that GG carriers tend to induce MS at an earlier age.
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Nakamura Y, Matsushita T, Sato S, Niino M, Fukazawa T, Yoshimura S, Hisahara S, Isobe N, Shimohama S, Watanabe M, Yoshida K, Houzen H, Miyazaki Y, Yamasaki R, Kikuchi S, Kira JI. Latitude and HLA-DRB1*04:05 independently influence disease severity in Japanese multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional study. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:239. [PMID: 27599848 PMCID: PMC5013608 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Higher latitude and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*04:05 increase susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Japanese population, but their effects on disease severity are unknown. We aimed to clarify the effects of latitude and the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 genes on disease severity in Japanese patients with MS. Methods We enrolled 247 MS patients and 159 healthy controls (HCs) from the northernmost main island of Japan, Hokkaido Island (42–45° north), and 187 MS patients and 235 HCs from the southern half (33–35° north) of the Japanese archipelago (33–45° north). We genotyped HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 alleles, compared demographic features, and analyzed factors contributing to differences in clinical and laboratory findings between MS patients from southern and northern Japan. The Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS), which adjusts the Kurtzke’s Expanded Disability Status Scale score according to disease duration, was used to estimate disease severity. Results The HLA-DRB1*04:05 and DRB1*15:01 alleles conferred susceptibility to MS in our Japanese population (pcorr = 0.0004 and pcorr = 0.0019, respectively). Southern patients had higher MSSS scores than northern patients (p = 0.003). Northern patients had higher frequencies of brain lesions meeting the Barkhof criteria (Barkhof brain lesions) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IgG abnormalities than southern patients (p = 0.0012 and p < 0.0001, respectively). DRB1*04:05-positive MS patients had lower MSSS scores and lower frequencies of Barkhof brain lesions and CSF IgG abnormalities than DRB1*04:05-negative MS patients (p = 0.0415, p = 0.0026, and p < 0.0001, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed that latitude and DRB1*04:05 were independently associated with the lowest quartile of MSSS and that latitude was positively associated with Barkhof brain lesions and CSF IgG abnormalities. DRB1*04:05 was negatively associated with these parameters. MSSS was decreased by 0.57 per DRB1*04:05 allele (p = 0.0198). Conclusions Living at a higher latitude and carrying the DRB1*04:05 allele independently lessens MS symptom severity as defined by MSSS. However, these factors influence the frequency of Barkhof brain lesions and CSF IgG abnormalities in opposite ways; higher latitude increases the frequency of Barkhof brain lesions and CSF IgG abnormalities, whereas DRB1*04:05 decreases them. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0695-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsushita
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinya Sato
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaaki Niino
- Department of Clinical Research, Hokkaido Medical Center, Yamanote 5-jo 7-chome, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0005, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Fukazawa
- Sapporo Neurology Clinic, 21-2-1, Kita 21-jo Higashi, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, 065-0021, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shin Hisahara
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shun Shimohama
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuto Yoshida
- Department of Neurology, Asahikawa Red Cross Hospital, 1-1-1, Akebono 1-jo, Asahikawa, 070-8530, Japan
| | - Hideki Houzen
- Department of Neurology, Obihiro Kosei General Hospital, 8-1, Nishi 6-jo Minami, Obihiro, 080-0016, Japan
| | - Yusei Miyazaki
- Department of Clinical Research, Hokkaido Medical Center, Yamanote 5-jo 7-chome, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0005, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Hokkaido Medical Center, Yamanote 5-jo 7-chome, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0005, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamasaki
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Seiji Kikuchi
- Department of Neurology, Hokkaido Medical Center, Yamanote 5-jo 7-chome, Nishi-ku, Sapporo, 063-0005, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kira
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Liu J, Liu X, Liu Y, Deng S, Huang H, Chen Q, Liu W, Huang Z. Association of EVI5 rs11808092, CD58 rs2300747, and CIITA rs3087456 polymorphisms with multiple sclerosis risk: A meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2016; 9:97-103. [PMID: 27331013 PMCID: PMC4908284 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with a strong genetic component. Previous studies have reported that the association of EVI5 rs11808092, CD58 rs2300747, and CIITA rs3087456 polymorphisms with the susceptibility to MS. However, the results were inconsistent. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to provide a more accurate estimation of the association between any of these polymorphisms and MS risk. Methods The PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang databases and MSGene were used to search all potentially relevant studies. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to investigate the associations between these three polymorphisms and MS risk. Results 16 independent case–control studies from 12 publications were finally included into this meta-analysis. The results showed that EVI5 rs11808092 polymorphism was related with increasing the development of MS under five genetic models (allelic: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.10–1.24, P < 0.01; homozygous: OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.18–1.59, P < 0.01; heterozygous: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.07–1.26, P < 0.01; recessive: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.11–1.48, P < 0.01; and dominant: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.11–1.48, P < 0.01). CD58 rs2300747 polymorphism was found to be associated with decreasing MS risk in three genetic models (allelic: OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78–0.94, P < 0.01; heterozygous: OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.76–0.94, P < 0.01, and dominant: OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76–0.93, P < 0.01). However, this meta-analysis indicated that CIITA rs3087456 polymorphism was not related to multiple sclerosis. Conclusions The mutant alleles of EVI5 rs11808092 polymorphism may increase the susceptibility to MS while those of CD58 rs2300747 polymorphism may decrease MS risk. In addition, CIITA rs3087456 polymorphism might not be associated with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Liu
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Shimin Deng
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Hongbin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Qicong Chen
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
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Albrekkan FM, Bachir S, Jumaa MA, Zaidi SF, Medhkour A. Is There a Genetic Correlation between Multiple Sclerosis and Cerebral Aneurysms? World Neurosurg 2016; 95:624.e1-624.e4. [PMID: 27090970 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammatory demyelination, axonal degeneration, and neuronal loss. The exact pathogenesis of MS remains uncertain; however, studies have shown that the development of MS is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Cerebral aneurysms (CAs) are life-threatening lesions of cerebral vessels characterized by a bulge in the intracranial arterial wall that spontaneously ruptures. It has been hypothesized that patients with MS are at increased risk of developing cerebral aneurysms. This hypothesis can be supported by analyzing the pathogenesis and genetics of the development of MS and CA. To our knowledge, no previous studies have shown an association between MS and CA. CASE DESCRIPTION In this report, we performed middle cerebral artery aneurysm clipping for two patients with MS who were referred to our clinic for CA in the bifurcation of middle cerebral artery that was found incidentally on magnetic resonance imaging. We aim to identify any genetic correlation between MS and CA pathogenesis. CONCLUSION This report suggests a possible genetic association between MS and CAs. The strongest evidence of association was found for the TNFRSF1A gene, a proinflammatory gene that is involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-Kappa B signaling pathways, and has been identified as a candidate gene in the development of MS. MAPKs were also found to be elevated in CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah M Albrekkan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suha Bachir
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Mouhammed A Jumaa
- Department of Neurology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Syed Fazal Zaidi
- Department of Neurology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Azedine Medhkour
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA.
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Michalik J, Čierny D, Kantorová E, Kantárová D, Juraj J, Párnická Z, Kurča E, Dobrota D, Lehotský J. The association of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles with genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in the Slovak population. Neurol Res 2016; 37:1060-7. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2015.1115212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Michalik
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Čierny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ema Kantorová
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Kantárová
- I. internal clinic, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Javor Juraj
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Párnická
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Egon Kurča
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dušan Dobrota
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Ján Lehotský
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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50
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Mazdeh M, Taheri M, Sayad A, Bahram S, Omrani MD, Movafagh A, Inoko H, Akbari MT, Noroozi R, Hajilooi M, Solgi G. HLA genes as modifiers of response to IFN-β-1a therapy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:489-98. [PMID: 27020477 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.16.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the influence of HLA class-I and -II genes in the response to IFN-β in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. PATIENTS & METHODS In this cohort, 231 relapsing-remitting MS patients who are classified into IFN-β responders (n = 146) and nonresponders (n = 85) and 180 ethnic-matched healthy controls were analyzed. Clinical outcome of IFN-β therapy particularly Expanded Disability Status Scale scores were evaluated in relation to HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 alleles and haplotypes. RESULTS Increased frequencies of HLA-DRB1*04 allele and HLA-A*03-B*44-DRB1*04 haplotype, and decreased frequency of HLA-B*15 were associated with better response to IFN-β treatment. CONCLUSION The possibility of genetic screening particularly HLA typing prior to starting IFN-β therapy for MS may permit the identification of likely responders or nonresponders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Department of Neuroogy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Bahram
- Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Universite de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Movafagh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Department of Genetic Information, Division of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Rezvan Noroozi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hajilooi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Mahdieh Ave, Lona Park, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Solgi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Mahdieh Ave, Lona Park, Hamadan, Iran.,Molecular Immunology Research Group, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Sh Fahmideh Blv, Lona Park, Hamadan, Iran
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