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Cardani-Boulton A, Lin F, Bergmann CC. CD6 Regulates CD4 T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation and Humoral Immunity During Murine Coronavirus Infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.26.605237. [PMID: 39091786 PMCID: PMC11291160 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.26.605237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
During activation the T cell transmembrane receptor CD6 becomes incorporated into the T cell immunological synapse where it can exert both co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory functions. Given the ability of CD6 to carry out opposing functions, this study sought to determine how CD6 regulates early T cell activation in response to viral infection. Infection of CD6 deficient mice with a neurotropic murine coronavirus resulted in greater activation and expansion of CD4 T cells in the draining lymph nodes. Further analysis demonstrated that there was also preferential differentiation of CD4 T cells into T follicular helper cells, resulting in accelerated germinal center responses and emergence of high affinity virus specific antibodies. Given that CD6 conversely supports CD4 T cell activation in many autoimmune models, we probed potential mechanisms of CD6 mediated suppression of CD4 T cell activation during viral infection. Analysis of CD6 binding proteins revealed that infection induced upregulation of Ubash3a, a negative regulator of T cell receptor signaling, was hindered in CD6 deficient lymph nodes. Consistent with greater T cell activation and reduced UBASH3a activity, the T cell receptor signal strength was intensified in CD6 deficient CD4 T cells. These results reveal a novel immunoregulatory role for CD6 in limiting CD4 T cell activation and deterring CD4 T follicular helper cell differentiation, thereby attenuating antiviral humoral immunity. Importance CD6 monoclonal blocking antibodies are being therapeutically administered to inhibit T cell activation in autoimmune disorders. However, the multifaceted nature of CD6 allows for multiple and even opposing functions under different circumstances of T cell activation. We therefore sought to characterize how CD6 regulates T cell activation in the context viral infections using an in vivo murine coronavirus model. In contrast to its role in autoimmunity, but consistent with its function in the presence of superantigens, we found that CD6 deficiency enhances CD4 T cell activation and CD4 T cell help to germinal center dependent antiviral humoral responses. Finally, we provide evidence that CD6 regulates transcription of its intracellular binding partner UBASH3a, which suppresses T cell receptor signaling and consequently T cell activation. These findings highlight the context dependent flexibility of CD6 in regulating in vivo adaptive immune responses, which may be targeted to enhance anti-viral immunity.
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Yang X, Zhu X, Sheng J, Fu Y, Nie D, You X, Chen Y, Yang X, Ling Q, Zhang H, Li X, Hu S. RNF213 promotes Treg cell differentiation by facilitating K63-linked ubiquitination and nuclear translocation of FOXO1. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5961. [PMID: 39013878 PMCID: PMC11252262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoreactive CD4+ T helper cells are critical players that orchestrate the immune response both in multiple sclerosis (MS) and in other neuroinflammatory autoimmune diseases. Ubiquitination is a posttranslational protein modification involved in regulating a variety of cellular processes, including CD4+ T cell differentiation and function. However, only a limited number of E3 ubiquitin ligases have been characterized in terms of their biological functions, particularly in CD4+ T cell differentiation and function. In this study, we found that the RING finger protein 213 (RNF213) specifically promoted regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation in CD4+ T cells and attenuated autoimmune disease development in an FOXO1-dependent manner. Mechanistically, RNF213 interacts with Forkhead Box Protein O1 (FOXO1) and promotes nuclear translocation of FOXO1 by K63-linked ubiquitination. Notably, RNF213 expression in CD4+ T cells was induced by IFN-β and exerts a crucial role in the therapeutic efficacy of IFN-β for MS. Together, our study findings collectively emphasize the pivotal role of RNF213 in modulating adaptive immune responses. RNF213 holds potential as a promising therapeutic target for addressing disorders associated with Treg cells.
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MESH Headings
- Ubiquitination
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Cell Differentiation
- Animals
- Forkhead Box Protein O1/metabolism
- Forkhead Box Protein O1/genetics
- Mice
- Humans
- Interferon-beta/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Multiple Sclerosis/immunology
- Multiple Sclerosis/metabolism
- Multiple Sclerosis/genetics
- Multiple Sclerosis/pathology
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Female
- Mice, Knockout
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- HEK293 Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junli Sheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuling Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingnai Nie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong You
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yitian Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Ling
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huili Zhang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Respiratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shengfeng Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li QQ, Guo M, He GH, Xi KH, Zhou MY, Shi RY, Chen GQ. VEGF-induced Nrdp1 deficiency in vascular endothelial cells promotes cancer metastasis by degrading vascular basement membrane. Oncogene 2024; 43:1836-1851. [PMID: 38654108 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are key players in the formation of neovessels and tumor metastasis, the ultimate cause of the majority of cancer-related human death. However, the crosstalk between VECs and metastasis remain greatly elusive. Based on our finding that tumor-associated VECs present significant decrease of Nrdp1 protein which is closely correlated with higher metastatic probability, herein we show that the conditional medium from hypoxia-incubated cancer cells induces extensive Nrdp1 downregulation in human and mouse VECs by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which activates CHIP, followed by Nrdp1 degradation in ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent way. More importantly, lung metastases of cancer cells significantly increase in conditional VECs Nrdp1 knockout mice. Mechanically, Nrdp1 promotes degradation of Fam20C, a secretory kinase involved in phosphorylating numerous secreted proteins. Reciprocally, deficiency of Nrdp1 in VECs (ecNrdp1) results in increased secretion of Fam20C, which induces degradation of extracellular matrix and disrupts integrity of vascular basement membrane, thus driving tumor metastatic dissemination. In addition, specific overexpression of ecNrdp1 by Nrdp1-carrying adeno-associated virus or chemical Nrdp1 activator ABPN efficiently mitigates tumor metastasis in mice. Collectively, we explore a new mechanism for VEGF to enhance metastasis and role of Nrdp1 in maintaining the integrity of vascular endothelium, suggesting that ecNrdp1-mediated signaling pathways might become potential target for anti-metastatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Guang-Huan He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kai-Hua Xi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mei-Yi Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rong-Yi Shi
- Hainan Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, 570000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in National Health Commission, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, SJTU-SM, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Hainan Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, 570000, China.
- Institute of Aging & Tissue Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Research Units of Stress and Tumor (2019RU043), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Ren-Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
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Wu X, Chen Z, Chen Q, Lin C, Zheng X, Yuan B. Nrdp1-mediated Macrophage Phenotypic Regulation Promotes Functional Recovery in Mice with Mild Neurological Impairment after Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2024; 545:16-30. [PMID: 38431041 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Neuregulin receptor degradation protein 1 (Nrdp1) is a ring finger E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in some inflammation through ubiquitination, including macrophage polarization following cerebral hemorrhage. However, there is limited understanding regarding the mechanisms through which Nrdp1 modulates macrophage polarization and the potential impact of this modulation on neurological function. Using stereotactic injection and adenoviral transfection techniques, the corresponding animal models were constructed through injecting adenovirus, saline, or blood into the mouse striatum at different periods of time in this research. The alteration in the ratio of various M1/M2 phenotype-associated markers (e.g., CD86, CD206, IL-6, IL-10, etc.) was evaluated through immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and elisa assays. Additionally, neurological function scores and behavioral tests were utilized to evaluate changes in neurological function in mice after cerebral hemorrhage. Our results show that overexpression of Nrdp1 promotes the expression of a variety of M2 macrophage-associated markers and enhance transcriptional activity of arginase-1 (Arg1) protein through ubiquitination for early regulation M2 macrophage polarization. Additionally, Nrdp1 promotes hematoma absorption, increases IL-10 expression, inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6, and TNF-α production, alleviates neurological impairment and brain edema, and accelerates functional recovery. These findings suggest that modulating macrophage polarization through Nrdp1 could be a therapeutic strategy for neurofunctional impairment in cerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Zhiling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Chuangan Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Xiangrong Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Bangqing Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China; Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University (900TH Hospital), Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China.
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5
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Benavides N, White JC, Sanmillan ML, Thomas M, Le T, Caywood E, Giraudo CG. Novel Compound Heterozygous ZAP70 R37G A507T Mutations in Infant with Severe Immunodeficiency. J Clin Immunol 2023; 44:27. [PMID: 38129328 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70 kDa (ZAP70) combined immunodeficiency (CID) is an autosomal recessive severe immunodeficiency that is characterized by abnormal T-cell receptor signaling. Children with the disorder typically present during the first year of life with diarrhea, failure to thrive, and recurrent bacterial, viral, or opportunistic infections. To date, the only potential cure is hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The majority of described mutations causing disease occur in the homozygous state, though heterozygotes are reported without a clear understanding as to how the individual mutations interact to cause disease. This case describes an infant with novel ZAP-70 deficiency mutations involving the SH2 and kinase domains cured with allogeneic HSCT utilizing a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen and graft manipulation. We then were able to further elucidate the molecular signaling alterations imparted by these mutations that lead to altered immune function. In order to examine the effect of these novel compound ZAP70 heterozygous mutations on T cells, Jurkat CD4+ T cells were transfected with either wild type, or with individual ZAP70 R37G and A507T mutant constructs. Downstream TCR signaling events and protein localization results link these novel mutations to the expected immunological outcome as seen in the patient's primary cells. This study further characterizes mutations in the ZAP70 gene as combined immunodeficiency and the clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Benavides
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Nemours Children's Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, USA
| | - Maria L Sanmillan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Morgan Thomas
- Department of Genetics, Nemours Children's Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, USA
| | - Trong Le
- Department of Allergy/Immunology, Nemours Children's Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, USA
| | - Emi Caywood
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Nemours Children's Hospital Delaware, Wilmington, USA
| | - Claudio G Giraudo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
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6
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Hu S, Wang L. The potential role of ubiquitination and deubiquitination in melanogenesis. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:2062-2071. [PMID: 37846904 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a critical biochemical process in which melanocytes produce melanin, a crucial element involved in the formation of coat colour in mammals. According to several earlier studies, melanocytes' post-translational modifications of proteins primarily control melanogenesis. Among the many post-translational changes that can affect melanin production, ubiquitination and deubiquitination can keep melanin production going by changing how proteins that are related to melanin are broken down or kept stable. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination maintain ubiquitin homeostasis, which is a highly dynamic process in balance under the action of E3 ubiquitin ligase and deubiquitinating enzymes. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying ubiquitination and deubiquitination in melanogenesis are yet to be thoroughly investigated. As a result, there has been a growing focus on exploring the potential correlation between melanogenesis, ubiquitination and deubiquitination. This study discusses the mechanisms of ubiquitination and deubiquitination in the context of melanogenesis, a crucial process for enhancing mammalian coat coloration and addressing pigment-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Hu
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
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Wehrmann M, Vilchez D. The emerging role and therapeutic implications of bacterial and parasitic deubiquitinating enzymes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1303072. [PMID: 38077335 PMCID: PMC10703165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1303072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are emerging as key factors for the infection of human cells by pathogens such as bacteria and parasites. In this review, we discuss the most recent studies on the role of deubiquitinase activity in exploiting and manipulating ubiquitin (Ub)-dependent host processes during infection. The studies discussed here highlight the importance of DUB host-pathogen research and underscore the therapeutic potential of inhibiting pathogen-specific DUB activity to prevent infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wehrmann
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Wang J, Zheng H, Dong C, Xiong S. Human OTUD6B positively regulates type I IFN antiviral innate immune responses by deubiquitinating and stabilizing IRF3. mBio 2023; 14:e0033223. [PMID: 37650650 PMCID: PMC10653906 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00332-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF3) is one of the key factors for type I IFN transcription. To sophisticatedly regulate type I IFN antiviral immune response, IRF3 activity is closely controlled by a variety of post-translational modifications. However, the regulatory mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. In the present study, we found that human deubiquitinase OTUD6B positively regulates IRF3-mediated antiviral immune response. OTUD6B can stabilize the IRF3 protein level via hydrolyzing (Lys33)-linked polyubiquitin at Lys315. More importantly, mice with OTUD6B overexpression exhibited more resistance to RNA virus infection. Thus, unlike the previous report that zebrafish OTUD6B negatively regulates the antiviral response by suppressing K63-linked ubiquitination of IRF3 and IRF7, we demonstrate that human OTUD6B actually enhances type I IFN response and has the potential for antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunsheng Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sidong Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Huang J, Yu Z, Li X, Yang M, Fang Q, Li Z, Wang C, Chen T, Cao X. E3 ligase HECTD3 promotes RNA virus replication and virus-induced inflammation via K33-linked polyubiquitination of PKR. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:396. [PMID: 37402711 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled viral replication and excessive inflammation are the main causes of death in the host infected with virus. Hence inhibition of intracellular viral replication and production of innate cytokines, which are the key strategies of hosts to fight virus infections, need to be finely tuned to eliminate viruses while avoid harmful inflammation. The E3 ligases in regulating virus replication and subsequent innate cytokines production remain to be fully characterized. Here we report that the deficiency of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HECTD3 results in accelerated RNA virus clearance and reduced inflammatory response both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, HECTD3 interacts with dsRNA-dependent protein kinase R (PKR) and mediates Lys33-linkage of PKR, which is the first non-proteolytic ubiquitin modification for PKR. This process disrupts the dimerization and phosphorylation of PKR and subsequent EIF2α activation, which results in the acceleration of virus replication, but promotes the formation of PKR-IKK complex and subsequent inflammatory response. The finding suggests HECTD3 is the potential therapeutic target for simultaneously restraining RNA virus replication and virus-induced inflammation once pharmacologically inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation & Institute of Immunology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xuelian Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation & Institute of Immunology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qian Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation & Institute of Immunology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zheng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation & Institute of Immunology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Taoyong Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation & Institute of Immunology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation & Institute of Immunology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Institute of Immunology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Shao S, Zhou D, Feng J, Liu Y, Baturuhu, Yin H, Zhan D. Regulation of inflammation and immunity in sepsis by E3 ligases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1124334. [PMID: 37465127 PMCID: PMC10351979 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an abnormal infection-induced immune response. Despite significant advances in supportive care, sepsis remains a considerable therapeutic challenge and is the leading cause of death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Sepsis is characterized by initial hyper-inflammation and late immunosuppression. Therefore, immune-modulatory therapies have great potential for novel sepsis therapies. Ubiquitination is an essential post-translational protein modification, which has been known to be intimately involved in innate and adaptive immune responses. Several E3 ubiquitin ligases have been implicated in innate immune signaling and T-cell activation and differentiation. In this article, we review the current literature and discuss the role of E3 ligases in the regulation of immune response and their effects on the course of sepsis to provide insights into the prevention and therapy for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Shao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Daixing Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baturuhu
- Department of Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit (ICU), People’s Hospital of Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Bole, China
| | - Huimei Yin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, People’s Hospital of Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Bole, China
| | - Daqian Zhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Zaman A, French JB, Carpino N. The Sts Proteins: Modulators of Host Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8834. [PMID: 37240179 PMCID: PMC10218301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The suppressor of TCR signaling (Sts) proteins, Sts-1 and Sts-2, are a pair of closely related signaling molecules that belong to the histidine phosphatase (HP) family of enzymes by virtue of an evolutionarily conserved C-terminal phosphatase domain. HPs derive their name from a conserved histidine that is important for catalytic activity and the current evidence indicates that the Sts HP domain plays a critical functional role. Sts-1HP has been shown to possess a readily measurable protein tyrosine phosphatase activity that regulates a number of important tyrosine-kinase-mediated signaling pathways. The in vitro catalytic activity of Sts-2HP is significantly lower than that of Sts-1HP, and its signaling role is less characterized. The highly conserved unique structure of the Sts proteins, in which additional domains, including one that exhibits a novel phosphodiesterase activity, are juxtaposed together with the phosphatase domain, suggesting that Sts-1 and -2 occupy a specialized intracellular signaling niche. To date, the analysis of Sts function has centered predominately around the role of Sts-1 and -2 in regulating host immunity and other responses associated with cells of hematopoietic origin. This includes their negative regulatory role in T cells, platelets, mast cells and other cell types, as well as their less defined roles in regulating host responses to microbial infection. Regarding the latter, the use of a mouse model lacking Sts expression has been used to demonstrate that Sts contributes non-redundantly to the regulation of host immunity toward a fungal pathogen (C. albicans) and a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen (F. tularensis). In particular, Sts-/- animals demonstrate significant resistance to lethal infections of both pathogens, a phenotype that is correlated with some heightened anti-microbial responses of phagocytes derived from mutant mice. Altogether, the past several years have seen steady progress in our understanding of Sts biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Zaman
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Jarrod B. French
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA;
| | - Nick Carpino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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12
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Newman JRB, Concannon P, Ge Y. UBASH3A Interacts with PTPN22 to Regulate IL2 Expression and Risk for Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108671. [PMID: 37240014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
UBASH3A is a negative regulator of T cell activation and IL-2 production and plays key roles in autoimmunity. Although previous studies revealed the individual effects of UBASH3A on risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D; a common autoimmune disease), the relationship of UBASH3A with other T1D risk factors remains largely unknown. Given that another well-known T1D risk factor, PTPN22, also inhibits T cell activation and IL-2 production, we investigated the relationship between UBASH3A and PTPN22. We found that UBASH3A, via its Src homology 3 (SH3) domain, physically interacts with PTPN22 in T cells, and that this interaction is not altered by the T1D risk coding variant rs2476601 in PTPN22. Furthermore, our analysis of RNA-seq data from T1D cases showed that the amounts of UBASH3A and PTPN22 transcripts exert a cooperative effect on IL2 expression in human primary CD8+ T cells. Finally, our genetic association analyses revealed that two independent T1D risk variants, rs11203203 in UBASH3A and rs2476601 in PTPN22, interact statistically, jointly affecting risk for T1D. In summary, our study reveals novel interactions, both biochemical and statistical, between two independent T1D risk loci, and suggests how these interactions may affect T cell function and increase risk for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R B Newman
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Patrick Concannon
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yan Ge
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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13
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Laletin V, Bernard PL, Costa da Silva C, Guittard G, Nunes JA. Negative intracellular regulators of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling as potential antitumor immunotherapy targets. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005845. [PMID: 37217244 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy strategies aim to mobilize immune defenses against tumor cells by targeting mainly T cells. Co-inhibitory receptors or immune checkpoints (ICPs) (such as PD-1 and CTLA4) can limit T cell receptor (TCR) signal propagation in T cells. Antibody-based blocking of immune checkpoints (immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs) enable escape from ICP inhibition of TCR signaling. ICI therapies have significantly impacted the prognosis and survival of patients with cancer. However, many patients remain refractory to these treatments. Thus, alternative approaches for cancer immunotherapy are needed. In addition to membrane-associated inhibitory molecules, a growing number of intracellular molecules may also serve to downregulate signaling cascades triggered by TCR engagement. These molecules are known as intracellular immune checkpoints (iICPs). Blocking the expression or the activity of these intracellular negative signaling molecules is a novel field of action to boost T cell-mediated antitumor responses. This area is rapidly expanding. Indeed, more than 30 different potential iICPs have been identified. Over the past 5 years, several phase I/II clinical trials targeting iICPs in T cells have been registered. In this study, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical data demonstrating that immunotherapies targeting T cell iICPs can mediate regression of solid tumors including (membrane associated) immune-checkpoint inhibitor refractory cancers. Finally, we discuss how these iICPs are targeted and controlled. Thereby, iICP inhibition is a promising strategy opening new avenues for future cancer immunotherapy treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Laletin
- Immunity and Cancer, Cancer Research Centre Marseille, Marseille, France
- Onco-hematology and immuno-oncology (OHIO), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Bernard
- Immunity and Cancer, Cancer Research Centre Marseille, Marseille, France
- Onco-hematology and immuno-oncology (OHIO), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Cathy Costa da Silva
- Immunity and Cancer, Cancer Research Centre Marseille, Marseille, France
- Onco-hematology and immuno-oncology (OHIO), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Guittard
- Immunity and Cancer, Cancer Research Centre Marseille, Marseille, France
- Onco-hematology and immuno-oncology (OHIO), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunes
- Immunity and Cancer, Cancer Research Centre Marseille, Marseille, France
- Onco-hematology and immuno-oncology (OHIO), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
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14
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Is Disrupted Mitophagy a Central Player to Parkinson's Disease Pathology? Cureus 2023; 15:e35458. [PMID: 36860818 PMCID: PMC9969326 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst the pathophysiology at a cellular level has been defined, the cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains poorly understood. This neurodegenerative disorder is associated with impaired dopamine transmission in the substantia nigra, and protein accumulations known as Lewy bodies are visible in affected neurons. Cell culture models of PD have indicated impaired mitochondrial function, so the focus of this paper is on the quality control processes involved in and around mitochondria. Mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) is the process through which defective mitochondria are removed from the cell by internalisation into autophagosomes which fuse with a lysosome. This process involves many proteins, notably including PINK1 and parkin, both of which are known to be coded on genes associated with PD. Normally in healthy individuals, PINK1 associates with the outer mitochondrial membrane, which then recruits parkin, activating it to attach ubiquitin proteins to the mitochondrial membrane. PINK1, parkin, and ubiquitin cooperate to form a positive feedback system which accelerates the deposition of ubiquitin on dysfunctional mitochondria, resulting in mitophagy. However, in hereditary PD, the genes encoding PINK1 and parkin are mutated, resulting in proteins that are less efficient at removing poorly performing mitochondria, leaving cells more vulnerable to oxidative stress and ubiquitinated inclusion bodies, such as Lewy bodies. Current research that looks into the connection between mitophagy and PD is promising, already yielding potentially therapeutic compounds; until now, pharmacological support for the mitophagy process has not been part of the therapeutic arsenal. Continued research in this area is warranted.
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Anto NP, Arya AK, Muraleedharan A, Shaik J, Nath PR, Livneh E, Sun Z, Braiman A, Isakov N. Cyclophilin A associates with and regulates the activity of ZAP70 in TCR/CD3-stimulated T cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 80:7. [PMID: 36495335 PMCID: PMC11072327 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ZAP70 protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) couples stimulated T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) to their downstream signal transduction pathways and is sine qua non for T cell activation and differentiation. TCR engagement leads to activation-induced post-translational modifications of ZAP70, predominantly by kinases, which modulate its conformation, leading to activation of its catalytic domain. Here, we demonstrate that ZAP70 in TCR/CD3-activated mouse spleen and thymus cells, as well as human Jurkat T cells, is regulated by the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase), cyclophilin A (CypA) and that this regulation is abrogated by cyclosporin A (CsA), a CypA inhibitor. We found that TCR crosslinking promoted a rapid and transient, Lck-dependent association of CypA with the interdomain B region, at the ZAP70 regulatory domain. CsA inhibited CypA binding to ZAP70 and prevented the colocalization of CypA and ZAP70 at the cell membrane. In addition, imaging analyses of antigen-specific T cells stimulated by MHC-restricted antigen-fed antigen-presenting cells revealed the recruitment of ZAP70-bound CypA to the immunological synapse. Enzymatically active CypA downregulated the catalytic activity of ZAP70 in vitro, an effect that was reversed by CsA in TCR/CD3-activated normal T cells but not in CypA-deficient T cells, and further confirmed in vivo by FRET-based studies. We suggest that CypA plays a role in determining the activity of ZAP70 in TCR-engaged T cells and impact on T cell activation by intervening with the activity of multiple downstream effector molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Ponnoor Anto
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Awadhesh Kumar Arya
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Amitha Muraleedharan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jakeer Shaik
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Pulak Ranjan Nath
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Clinical and Translational Immunology Unit, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1857, USA
| | - Etta Livneh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Zuoming Sun
- Department of Immunology and Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Alex Braiman
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Noah Isakov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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16
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Sengupta M, Pluciennik A, Merry DE. The role of ubiquitination in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1020143. [PMID: 36277484 PMCID: PMC9583669 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neurodegenerative and neuromuscular genetic disease caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine-encoding CAG tract in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. The AR is an important transcriptional regulator of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily; its levels are regulated in many ways including by ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification (PTM) which plays a key role in both AR transcriptional activity and its degradation. Moreover, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a fundamental component of cellular functioning and has been implicated in diseases of protein misfolding and aggregation, including polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat expansion diseases such as Huntington's disease and SBMA. In this review, we discuss the details of the UPS system, its functions and regulation, and the role of AR ubiquitination and UPS components in SBMA. We also discuss aspects of the UPS that may be manipulated for therapeutic effect in SBMA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diane E. Merry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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17
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Chen Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Zhu H, Wang Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Liu S, Liu S, Li N, Chen K, Cao X. lncRNA-GM targets Foxo1 to promote T cell-mediated autoimmunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn9181. [PMID: 35930633 PMCID: PMC9355365 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RNA-RBP interaction is important in immune regulation and implicated in various immune disorders. The differentiation of proinflammatory T cell subset TH17 and its balance with regulatory T cell (Treg) generation is closely related to autoimmune pathogenesis. The roles of RNA-RBP interaction in regulation of TH17/Treg differentiation and autoinflammation remain in need of further investigation. Here we report that lncRNA-GM polarizes TH17 differentiation but inhibits iTreg differentiation by reducing activity of Foxo1, a transcriptional factor that is important in inhibiting TH17 differentiation but promoting Treg generation. lncRNA-GM-deficient mice were protected from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mechanistically, lncRNA-GM directly binds to cytoplasmic Foxo1, thus inhibiting its activity through blocking dephosphorylation of Foxo1 by phosphatase PP2A to promote Il23r transcription. The human homolog of lncRNA-GM (AK026392.1) also polarizes human TH17 differentiation. Our study provides mechanistic insight into the interaction of lncRNA and transcriptional factor in determining T cell subset differentiation during T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Chen
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Juan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ha Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Department of Immunology, Center for Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Department of Immunology, Center for Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shuxun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Center for Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Immunology, Center for Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
- Frontier Research Center for Cell Response, Institute of Immunology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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18
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Cai X, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Liu X, Ouyang G, Wang J, Li Z, Li X, Zha H, Zhu C, Rong F, Tang J, Liao Q, Chen X, Xiao W. Opposing effects of deubiquitinase OTUD3 in innate immunity against RNA and DNA viruses. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110920. [PMID: 35675783 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible-I (RIG-I), melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) genes encode essential cytosolic receptors mediating antiviral immunity against viruses. Here, we show that OTUD3 has opposing role in response to RNA and DNA virus infection by removing distinct types of RIG-I/MDA5 and cGAS polyubiquitination. OTUD3 binds to RIG-I and MDA5 and removes K63-linked ubiquitination. This serves to reduce the binding of RIG-I and MDA5 to viral RNA and the downstream adaptor MAVS, leading to the suppression of the RNA virus-triggered innate antiviral responses. Meanwhile, OTUD3 associates with cGAS and targets at Lys279 to deubiquitinate K48-linked ubiquitination, resulting in the enhancement of cGAS protein stability and DNA-binding ability. As a result, Otud3-deficient mice and zebrafish are more resistant to RNA virus infection but are more susceptible to DNA virus infection. These findings demonstrate that OTUD3 limits RNA virus-triggered innate immunity but promotes DNA virus-triggered innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ziwen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Junji Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Gang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huangyuan Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chunchun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fangjing Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
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19
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Cammann C, Israel N, Slevogt H, Seifert U. Recycling and Reshaping-E3 Ligases and DUBs in the Initiation of T Cell Receptor-Mediated Signaling and Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073424. [PMID: 35408787 PMCID: PMC8998186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell activation plays a central role in supporting and shaping the immune response. The induction of a functional adaptive immune response requires the control of signaling processes downstream of the T cell receptor (TCR). In this regard, protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation have been extensively studied. In the past decades, further checkpoints of activation have been identified. These are E3 ligases catalyzing the transfer of ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins to protein substrates, as well as specific peptidases to counteract this reaction, such as deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). These posttranslational modifications can critically influence protein interactions by targeting proteins for degradation by proteasomes or mediating the complex formation required for active TCR signaling. Thus, the basic aspects of T cell development and differentiation are controlled by defining, e.g., the threshold of activation in positive and negative selection in the thymus. Furthermore, an emerging role of ubiquitination in peripheral T cell tolerance has been described. Changes in the function and abundance of certain E3 ligases or DUBs involved in T cell homeostasis are associated with the development of autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge of E3 enzymes and their target proteins regulating T cell signaling processes and discusses new approaches for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Cammann
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology-Virology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (U.S.); Tel.: +49-3834-86-5568 (C.C.); +49-3834-86-5587 (U.S.)
| | - Nicole Israel
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology-Virology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Hortense Slevogt
- Host Septomics Group, Centre for Innovation Competence (ZIK) Septomics, University Hospital Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany;
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Seifert
- Friedrich Loeffler-Institute of Medical Microbiology-Virology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (U.S.); Tel.: +49-3834-86-5568 (C.C.); +49-3834-86-5587 (U.S.)
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20
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Li X, Yu Z, Fang Q, Yang M, Huang J, Li Z, Wang J, Chen T. The transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM13 restrains the pathogenic-DNA-triggered inflammatory response. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabh0496. [PMID: 35080984 PMCID: PMC8791621 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is the core adaptor for the pathogenic-DNA-triggered innate response. Aberrant activation of STING causes autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, raising the concern about how STING is finely tuned during innate response to pathogenic DNAs. Here, we report that the transmembrane domain (TM)-containing ER-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM13 (tripartite motif containing 13) is required for restraining inflammatory response to pathogenic DNAs. TRIM13 deficiency enhances pathogenic-DNA-triggered inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits DNA virus replication, and causes age-related autoinflammation. Mechanistically, TRIM13 interacts with STING via the TM and catalyzes Lys6-linked polyubiquitination of STING, leading to decelerated ER exit and accelerated ER-initiated degradation of STING. STING deficiency reverses the enhanced innate anti-DNA virus response in TRIM13 knockout mice. Our study delineates a potential strategy for controlling the homeostasis of STING by transmembrane ER-associated TRIM13 during the pathogenic-DNA-triggered inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Li
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qian Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingjin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiaying Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zheng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Immunology, Bone Marrow Transplantation Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Haematology, Zhejiang University and Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author. (J.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Taoyong Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Corresponding author. (J.W.); (T.C.)
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21
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Gavali S, Liu J, Li X, Paolino M. Ubiquitination in T-Cell Activation and Checkpoint Inhibition: New Avenues for Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10800. [PMID: 34639141 PMCID: PMC8509743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of T-cell-based immunotherapy has remarkably transformed cancer patient treatment. Despite their success, the currently approved immunotherapeutic protocols still encounter limitations, cause toxicity, and give disparate patient outcomes. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of T-cell activation and inhibition is much needed to rationally expand targets and possibilities to improve immunotherapies. Protein ubiquitination downstream of immune signaling pathways is essential to fine-tune virtually all immune responses, in particular, the positive and negative regulation of T-cell activation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that deregulation of ubiquitin-dependent pathways can significantly alter T-cell activation and enhance antitumor responses. Consequently, researchers in academia and industry are actively developing technologies to selectively exploit ubiquitin-related enzymes for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the molecular and functional roles of ubiquitination in key T-cell activation and checkpoint inhibitory pathways to highlight the vast possibilities that targeting ubiquitination offers for advancing T-cell-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Magdalena Paolino
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 17176 Solna, Sweden; (S.G.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
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22
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Mori D, Grégoire C, Voisinne G, Celis-Gutierrez J, Aussel R, Girard L, Camus M, Marcellin M, Argenty J, Burlet-Schiltz O, Fiore F, Gonzalez de Peredo A, Malissen M, Roncagalli R, Malissen B. The T cell CD6 receptor operates a multitask signalosome with opposite functions in T cell activation. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211516. [PMID: 33125054 PMCID: PMC7608068 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the respective contribution of the LAT transmembrane adaptor and CD5 and CD6 transmembrane receptors to early TCR signal propagation, diversification, and termination, we describe a CRISPR/Cas9-based platform that uses primary mouse T cells and permits establishment of the composition of their LAT, CD5, and CD6 signalosomes in only 4 mo using quantitative mass spectrometry. We confirmed that positive and negative functions can be solely assigned to the LAT and CD5 signalosomes, respectively. In contrast, the TCR-inducible CD6 signalosome comprised both positive (SLP-76, ZAP70, VAV1) and negative (UBASH3A/STS-2) regulators of T cell activation. Moreover, CD6 associated independently of TCR engagement to proteins that support its implication in inflammatory pathologies necessitating T cell transendothelial migration. The multifaceted role of CD6 unveiled here accounts for past difficulties in classifying it as a coinhibitor or costimulator. Congruent with our identification of UBASH3A within the CD6 signalosome and the view that CD6 constitutes a promising target for autoimmune disease treatment, single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with human autoimmune diseases have been found in the Cd6 and Ubash3a genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Mori
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Claude Grégoire
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Voisinne
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Javier Celis-Gutierrez
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Rudy Aussel
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Laura Girard
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Mylène Camus
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Marcellin
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérémy Argenty
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Fiore
- Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Gonzalez de Peredo
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Roncagalli
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
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23
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Ssu72 phosphatase directly binds to ZAP-70, thereby providing fine-tuning of TCR signaling and preventing spontaneous inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2102374118. [PMID: 34452999 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102374118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ZAP-70 is required for the initiation of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling, and Ssu72 is a phosphatase that regulates RNA polymerase II activity in the nucleus. However, the mechanism by which ZAP-70 regulates the fine-tuning of TCR signaling remains elusive. Here, we found that Ssu72 contributed to the fine-tuning of TCR signaling by acting as tyrosine phosphatase for ZAP-70. Affinity purification-mass spectrometry and an in vitro assay demonstrated specific interaction between Ssu72 and ZAP-70 in T cells. Upon TCR stimulation, Ssu72-deficient T cells increased the phosphorylation of ZAP-70 and downstream molecules and exhibited hyperresponsiveness, which was restored by reducing ZAP-70 phosphorylation. In vitro assay demonstrated that recombinant Ssu72 reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of ZAP-70 via phosphatase activity. Cd4-CreSsu72 fl/fl mice showed a defect in the thymic development of invariant natural killer T cells and reductions in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers in the periphery but more CD44hiCD62Llo memory T cells and fewer CD44loCD62Lhi naïve T cells, compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, Cd4-CreSsu72 fl/fl mice developed spontaneous inflammation at 6 mo. In conclusion, Ssu72 phosphatase regulates the fine-tuning of TCR signaling by binding to ZAP-70 and regulating its tyrosine phosphorylation, thereby preventing spontaneous inflammation.
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24
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TRIM31 facilitates K27-linked polyubiquitination of SYK to regulate antifungal immunity. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:298. [PMID: 34362877 PMCID: PMC8342987 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, which plays an essential role in both innate and adaptive immunity. However, the key molecular mechanisms that regulate SYK activity are poorly understood. Here we identified the E3 ligase TRIM31 as a crucial regulator of SYK activation. We found that TRIM31 interacted with SYK and catalyzed K27-linked polyubiquitination at Lys375 and Lys517 of SYK. This K27-linked polyubiquitination of SYK promoted its plasma membrane translocation and binding with the C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), and also prevented the interaction with the phosphatase SHP-1. Therefore, deficiency of Trim31 in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and macrophages (BMDMs) dampened SYK-mediated signaling and inhibited the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines against the fungal pathogen Candida albicans infection. Trim31-/- mice were also more sensitive to C. albicans systemic infection than Trim31+/+ mice and exhibited reduced Th1 and Th17 responses. Overall, our study uncovered the pivotal role of TRIM31-mediated K27-linked polyubiquitination on SYK activation and highlighted the significance of TRIM31 in anti-C. albicans immunity.
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25
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JAK/STAT inhibitor therapy partially rescues the lipodystrophic autoimmune phenotype in Clec16a KO mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7372. [PMID: 33795715 PMCID: PMC8016875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CLEC16A is implicated in multiple autoimmune diseases. We generated an inducible whole-body knockout (KO), Clec16aΔUBC mice to address the role of CLEC16A loss of function. KO mice exhibited loss of adipose tissue and severe weight loss in response to defective autophagic flux and exaggerated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and robust cytokine storm. KO mice were glucose tolerant and displayed a state of systemic inflammation with elevated antibody levels, including IgM, IgA, Ig2b and IgG3, significantly reduced circulating insulin levels in the presence of normal food consumption. Metabolic analysis revealed disturbances in the lipid profile, white adipose decreasing concomitantly with enhanced inflammatory response, and energy wasting. Mechanistically, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggers excessive hormone sensitive lipases (HSL) mediated lipolysis which contributes to adipose inflammation via activation of JAK-STAT, stress kinases (ERK1/2, P38, JNK), and release of multiple proinflammatory mediators. Treatment with a JAK-STAT inhibitor (tofacitinib) partially rescued the inflammatory lipodystrophic phenotype and improved survival of Clec16aΔUBC mice by silencing cytokine release and modulating ER stress, lipolysis, mitophagy and autophagy. These results establish a mechanistic link between CLEC16A, lipid metabolism and the immune system perturbations. In summary, our Clec16aΔUBC mouse model highlights multifaceted roles of Clec16a in normal physiology, including a novel target for weight regulation and mutation-induced pathophysiology.
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26
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Su FY, Huang SC, Wei PC, Hsu PH, Li JP, Su LW, Hsieh YL, Hu CM, Hsu JL, Yang CY, Chung CY, Shew JY, Lan JL, Sytwu HK, Lee EYH, Lee WH. Redox sensor NPGPx restrains ZAP70 activity and modulates T cell homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:368-384. [PMID: 33460768 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidences implicate the contribution of ROS to T cell activation and signaling. The tyrosine kinase, ζ-chain-associated protein of 70 kDa (ZAP70), is essential for T cell development and activation. However, it remains elusive whether a direct redox regulation affects ZAP70 activity upon TCR stimulation. Here, we show that deficiency of non-selenocysteine containing phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (NPGPx), a redox sensor, results in T cell hyperproliferation and elevated cytokine productions. T cell-specific NPGPx-knockout mice reveal enhanced T-dependent humoral responses and are susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Through proteomic approaches, ZAP70 is identified as the key interacting protein of NPGPx through disulfide bonding. NPGPx is activated by ROS generated from TCR stimulation, and modulates ZAP70 activity through redox switching to reduce ZAP70 recruitment to TCR/CD3 complex in membrane lipid raft, therefore subduing TCR responses. These results reveal a delicate redox mechanism that NPGPx serves as a modulator to curb ZAP70 functions in maintaining T cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yi Su
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Chi Wei
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Hung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Pi Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology and Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Su
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Lin Hsieh
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Mei Hu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jye-Lin Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Drug Development Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chen-Yen Chung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Yuh Shew
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joung-Liang Lan
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology and Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Eva Y-Hp Lee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Hwa Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Drug Development Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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27
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TRIM41 is required to innate antiviral response by polyubiquitinating BCL10 and recruiting NEMO. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:90. [PMID: 33640899 PMCID: PMC7914255 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing of pathogenic nucleic acids by pattern recognition receptors (PRR) not only initiates anti-microbe defense but causes inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. E3 ubiquitin ligase(s) critical in innate response need to be further identified. Here we report that the tripartite motif-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM41 is required to innate antiviral response through facilitating pathogenic nucleic acids-triggered signaling pathway. TRIM41 deficiency impairs the production of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons in macrophages after transfection with nucleic acid-mimics and infection with both DNA and RNA viruses. In vivo, TRIM41 deficiency leads to impaired innate response against viruses. Mechanistically, TRIM41 directly interacts with BCL10 (B cell lymphoma 10), a core component of CARD proteins−BCL10 − MALT1 (CBM) complex, and modifies the Lys63-linked polyubiquitylation of BCL10, which, in turn, hubs NEMO for activation of NF-κB and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) − interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) pathways. Our study suggests that TRIM41 is the potential universal E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for Lys63 linkage of BCL10 during innate antiviral response, adding new insight into the molecular mechanism for the control of innate antiviral response.
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28
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Zhou X, Sun SC. Targeting ubiquitin signaling for cancer immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:16. [PMID: 33436547 PMCID: PMC7804490 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has become an attractive approach of cancer treatment with tremendous success in treating various advanced malignancies. The development and clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors represent one of the most extraordinary accomplishments in cancer immunotherapy. In addition, considerable progress is being made in understanding the mechanism of antitumor immunity and characterizing novel targets for developing additional therapeutic approaches. One active area of investigation is protein ubiquitination, a post-translational mechanism of protein modification that regulates the function of diverse immune cells in antitumor immunity. Accumulating studies suggest that E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases form a family of potential targets to be exploited for enhancing antitumor immunity in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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29
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Castro-Sanchez P, Teagle AR, Prade S, Zamoyska R. Modulation of TCR Signaling by Tyrosine Phosphatases: From Autoimmunity to Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:608747. [PMID: 33425916 PMCID: PMC7793860 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early TCR signaling is dependent on rapid phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of multiple signaling and adaptor proteins, leading to T cell activation. This process is tightly regulated by an intricate web of interactions between kinases and phosphatases. A number of tyrosine phosphatases have been shown to modulate T cell responses and thus alter T cell fate by negatively regulating early TCR signaling. Mutations in some of these enzymes are associated with enhanced predisposition to autoimmunity in humans, and mouse models deficient in orthologous genes often show T cell hyper-activation. Therefore, phosphatases are emerging as potential targets in situations where it is desirable to enhance T cell responses, such as immune responses to tumors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about tyrosine phosphatases that regulate early TCR signaling and discuss their involvement in autoimmunity and their potential as targets for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Castro-Sanchez
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra R Teagle
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Prade
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rose Zamoyska
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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30
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Ubiquitination modification: critical regulation of IRF family stability and activity. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:957-965. [PMID: 33141302 PMCID: PMC7607542 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) play pivotal and critical roles in innate and adaptive immune responses; thus, precise and stringent regulation of the stability and activation of IRFs in physiological processes is necessary. The stability and activities of IRFs are directly or indirectly targeted by endogenous and exogenous proteins in an ubiquitin-dependent manner. However, few reviews have summarized how host E3 ligases/DUBs or viral proteins regulate IRF stability and activity. Additionally, with recent technological developments, details about the ubiquitination of IRFs have been continuously revealed. As knowledge of how these proteins function and interact with IRFs may facilitate a better understanding of the regulation of IRFs in immune responses or other biological processes, we summarized current studies on the direct ubiquitination of IRFs, with an emphasis on how these proteins interact with IRFs and affect their activities, which may provide exciting targets for drug development by regulating the functions of specific E3 ligases.
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31
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Zhang ZD, Xiong TC, Yao SQ, Wei MC, Chen M, Lin D, Zhong B. RNF115 plays dual roles in innate antiviral responses by catalyzing distinct ubiquitination of MAVS and MITA. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5536. [PMID: 33139700 PMCID: PMC7606512 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MAVS and MITA are essential adaptor proteins mediating innate antiviral immune responses against RNA and DNA viruses, respectively. Here we show that RNF115 plays dual roles in response to RNA or DNA virus infections by catalyzing distinct types of ubiquitination of MAVS and MITA at different phases of viral infection. RNF115 constitutively interacts with and induces K48-linked ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of homeostatic MAVS in uninfected cells, whereas associates with and catalyzes K63-linked ubiquitination of MITA after HSV-1 infection. Consistently, the protein levels of MAVS are substantially increased in Rnf115−/− organs or cells without viral infection, and HSV-1-induced aggregation of MITA is impaired in Rnf115−/− cells compared to the wild-type counterparts. Consequently, the Rnf115−/− mice exhibit hypo- and hyper-sensitivity to EMCV and HSV-1 infection, respectively. These findings highlight dual regulation of cellular antiviral responses by RNF115-mediated ubiquitination of MAVS and MITA and contribute to our understanding of innate immune signaling. MAVS and MITA are adapter proteins that play distinct roles in the context of the host response to RNA and DNA viruses, respectively. Here the authors implicate RNF115 in dual temporal and spatial mechanisms of interacting and catalyzing distinct ubiquitination of MAVS and MITA to modulate RNA and DNA antiviral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Dong Zhang
- Department of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute and Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian-Chen Xiong
- Department of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute and Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Qi Yao
- Department of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute and Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Cong Wei
- Department of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute and Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute and Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China.
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32
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Berk JM, Lim C, Ronau JA, Chaudhuri A, Chen H, Beckmann JF, Loria JP, Xiong Y, Hochstrasser M. A deubiquitylase with an unusually high-affinity ubiquitin-binding domain from the scrub typhus pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2343. [PMID: 32393759 PMCID: PMC7214410 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin mediated signaling contributes critically to host cell defenses during pathogen infection. Many pathogens manipulate the ubiquitin system to evade these defenses. Here we characterize a likely effector protein bearing a deubiquitylase (DUB) domain from the obligate intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus. The Ulp1-like DUB prefers ubiquitin substrates over ubiquitin-like proteins and efficiently cleaves polyubiquitin chains of three or more ubiquitins. The co-crystal structure of the DUB (OtDUB) domain with ubiquitin revealed three bound ubiquitins: one engages the S1 site, the second binds an S2 site contributing to chain specificity and the third binds a unique ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD). The UBD modulates OtDUB activity, undergoes a pronounced structural transition upon binding ubiquitin, and binds monoubiquitin with an unprecedented ~5 nM dissociation constant. The characterization and high-resolution structure determination of this enzyme should aid in its development as a drug target to counter Orientia infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Berk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Christopher Lim
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Judith A Ronau
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Discovery, Research and Development, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Apala Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Hongli Chen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - John F Beckmann
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA
| | - J Patrick Loria
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Mark Hochstrasser
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Yin Y, Frank D, Zhou W, Kaur N, French JB, Carpino N. An unexpected 2-histidine phosphoesterase activity of suppressor of T-cell receptor signaling protein 1 contributes to the suppression of cell signaling. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8514-8523. [PMID: 32371395 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The suppressor of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling (Sts) proteins Sts-1 and Sts-2 suppress receptor-mediated signaling pathways in various immune cells, including the TCR pathway in T cells and the Dectin-1 signaling pathway in phagocytes. As multidomain enzymes, they contain an N-terminal ubiquitin-association domain, a central Src homology 3 domain, and a C-terminal histidine phosphatase domain. Recently, a 2-histidine (2H) phosphoesterase motif was identified within the N-terminal portion of Sts. The 2H phosphoesterase motif defines an evolutionarily ancient protein domain present in several enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic phosphate bonds on different substrates, including cyclic nucleotides. It is characterized by two invariant histidine residues that play a critical role in catalytic activity. Consistent with its assignment as a phosphoesterase, we demonstrate here that the Sts-1 2H phosphoesterase domain displays catalytic, saturable phosphodiesterase activity toward the dinucleotide 2',3'-cyclic NADP. The enzyme exhibited a high degree of substrate specificity and selectively generated the 3'-nucleotide as the sole product. Sts-1 also had phosphodiesterase catalytic activity toward a 5-mer RNA oligonucleotide containing a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate group at its 3' terminus. To investigate the functional significance of Sts-1 2H phosphoesterase activity, we generated His-to-Ala variants and examined their ability to negatively regulate cellular signaling pathways. Substitution of either conserved histidine compromised the ability of Sts-1 to suppress signaling pathways downstream of both the TCR and the Dectin-1 receptor. Our results identify a heretofore unknown cellular enzyme activity associated with Sts-1 and indicate that this catalytic activity is linked to specific cell-signaling outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - David Frank
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Neena Kaur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jarrod B French
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA .,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Nick Carpino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Shao G, Zhou C, Ma K, Zhao W, Xiong Q, Yang L, Huang Z, Yang Z. MiRNA-494 enhances M1 macrophage polarization via Nrdp1 in ICH mice model. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2020; 17:17. [PMID: 32351331 PMCID: PMC7183644 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-020-00247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Ubiquitination-mediated M1/M2 macrophage polarization plays important roles in the pathogenesis of immune disease. However, the regulatory mechanism of ubiquitination during M1/M2 macrophage polarization following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has not been well studied. Methods In the experiment, macrophages were administered with erythrocyte lysates, and then miR-494-, Nrdp1-, and M1/M2-related markers were analyzed. Brain inflammatory response, brain edema, and neurological functions of ICH mice were also assessed. Results We found that miR-494 levels increased while Nrdp1 levels decreased in macrophages after ICH. We also demonstrated that miR-494 inhibited Nrdp1 expression by directly binding its 3′-untranslated region. MiR-494 attenuated C/EBP-β activation and downstream proinflammatory factor production. Upregulation of Nrdp1 in macrophages significantly promoted M2 macrophage polarization via ubiquitinating and activating C/EBP-β. Moreover, the results indicated that miR-494 could enhance M1 macrophage polarization, promote brain edema, and impair neurological functions in ICH mice. Conclusions Taken together, our results demonstrated that Nrdp1 contributed to M1/M2 macrophage polarization and neuroinflammation via ubiquitination and activation of C/EBP-β in ICH. miR-494 may provide a promising therapeutic clue for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohai Shao
- 1Department of orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
| | - Changlong Zhou
- 2Department of Neurology and Chongqing key laboratory of cerebravascular disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
| | - Kunlong Ma
- 1Department of orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
| | - Wang Zhao
- 2Department of Neurology and Chongqing key laboratory of cerebravascular disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
| | - Qijiang Xiong
- 2Department of Neurology and Chongqing key laboratory of cerebravascular disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
| | - Ling Yang
- 2Department of Neurology and Chongqing key laboratory of cerebravascular disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
| | - Zhongyan Huang
- 2Department of Neurology and Chongqing key laboratory of cerebravascular disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
| | - Zhao Yang
- 2Department of Neurology and Chongqing key laboratory of cerebravascular disease, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160 China
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Ruan J, Schlüter D, Wang X. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs): DoUBle-edged swords in CNS autoimmunity. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:102. [PMID: 32248814 PMCID: PMC7132956 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common autoimmune disease of the CNS. The etiology of MS is still unclear but it is widely recognized that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its pathogenesis. Immune signaling and responses are critically regulated by ubiquitination, a posttranslational modification that is promoted by ubiquitinating enzymes and inhibited by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified that polymorphisms in or in the vicinity of two human DUB genes TNFAIP3 and USP18 were associated with MS susceptibility. Studies with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, have provided biological rationale for the correlation between these DUBs and MS. Additional studies have shown that other DUBs are also involved in EAE by controlling distinct cell populations. Therefore, DUBs are emerging as crucial regulators of MS/EAE and might become potential therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ruan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Dirk Schlüter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße-1, 30626, Hannover, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Xu Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan High Education Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Immunomodulatory drugs activate NK cells via both Zap-70 and cereblon-dependent pathways. Leukemia 2020; 35:177-188. [PMID: 32238854 PMCID: PMC7529681 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) lenalidomide and pomalidomide show remarkable anti-tumor activity in multiple myeloma (MM) via directly inhibiting MM cell growth in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment and promoting immune effector cell function. They are known to bind to the ubiquitin 3 ligase CRBN complex and thereby trigger degradation of IKZF1/3. In this study, we demonstrate that IMiDs also directly bind and activate zeta-chain-associated protein kinase-70 (Zap-70) via its tyrosine residue phosphorylation in T cells. IMiDs also triggered phosphorylation of Zap-70 in NK cells. Importantly, increased granzyme-B (GZM-B) expression and NK cell activity triggered by IMiDs is associated with Zap-70 activation and inhibited by Zap-70 knockdown, independent of CRBN. We also demonstrate a second mechanism whereby IMiDs trigger GZM-B and NK cytotoxicity which is CRBN- and IKZF3-mediated and inhibited by knockdown of CRBN or IKZF-3, independent of Zap-70. Our studies therefore show that IMiDs can enhance NK and T cell cytotoxicity in (1) ZAP-70-mediated CRBN independent, as well as (2) CRBN-mediated ZAP-70 independent mechanisms; and provide the framework for developing novel therapeutics to activate Zap-70 and thereby enhance T and NK anti-MM cytotoxicity.
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37
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Deubiquitinating enzyme USP33 restrains docetaxel-induced apoptosis via stabilising the phosphatase DUSP1 in prostate cancer. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:1938-1951. [PMID: 31857702 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) still faces many challenges. Docetaxel is a chemotherapeutic drug commonly used in CRPC patients. However, docetaxel-based chemotherapy usually causes docetaxel resistance, partially due to the resistance of CRPC cells to docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Here, we report that the deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 33 (USP33) inhibits docetaxel-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, including androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. USP33 is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and tissues. We found that knockdown or knockout of USP33 enhanced docetaxel-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells, accompanied by increased phosphorylation of the cJUN NH2-terminal kinase (JNK). After blocking docetaxel-induced JNK activation using the JNK inhibitor SP600125 or siRNA targeting JNK, the USP33 knockout-enhanced apoptosis was reversed. Furthermore, we found that USP33 could interact with the phosphatase DUSP1 to negatively regulate the activation of JNK, while USP33 knockdown promoted the proteasomal degradation of DUSP1. Mechanistically, we found that USP33 could inhibit the Lys48 (K48)-linked polyubiquitination of DUSP1. More importantly, DUSP1 overexpression could reverse the USP33 knockdown-induced JNK activation and apoptosis in docetaxel-treated prostate cancer cells. Therefore, USP33 overexpression in prostate cancer may contribute to docetaxel resistance by inhibiting the degradation of its partner DUSP1, leading to impaired JNK activation and apoptosis. Our study suggests that USP33-DUSP1-JNK may be a key signalling module mediating the docetaxel resistance of CRPC, indicating that USP33 is a potential novel therapeutic target in CRPC.
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38
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Ge Y, Paisie TK, Chen S, Concannon P. UBASH3A Regulates the Synthesis and Dynamics of TCR-CD3 Complexes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2827-2836. [PMID: 31659016 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The TCR-CD3 complex is a multicomponent membrane receptor, the expression of which is tightly regulated in thymocytes, as well as in mature T cells both at steady state and upon stimulation. In this study, we report novel roles for UBASH3A in TCR-CD3 synthesis and turnover. UBASH3A is a negative regulator of T cell function and plays a broad role in autoimmunity. We show that modulation of UBASH3A levels in unstimulated Jurkat cells leads to altered amounts of total cellular CD3 chains and of cell-surface TCR-CD3 complexes; in contrast, UBASH3A does not affect the level of cell-surface CD28, an important T cell costimulatory receptor. Upon TCR engagement, UBASH3A enhances the downmodulation of cell-surface TCR-CD3. Mass spectrometry and protein-protein interaction studies uncover novel associations between UBASH3A and components of several cellular pathways involved in the regulation of TCR-CD3 turnover and dynamics, including endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation, cell motility, endocytosis, and endocytic recycling of membrane receptors. Finally, we demonstrate that the SH3 domain of UBASH3A mediates its binding to CBL-B, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates CD28-mediated signaling and, hence, T cell activation. In summary, this study provides new mechanistic insights into how UBASH3A regulates T cell activation and contributes to autoimmunity. The interaction between UBASH3A and CBL-B may synergistically inhibit T cell function and affect risk for type 1 diabetes, as both genes have been shown to be associated with this autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ge
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610; .,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Taylor K Paisie
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Sixue Chen
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.,Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; and.,Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Patrick Concannon
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610; .,Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
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Tsygankov AY. TULA proteins as signaling regulators. Cell Signal 2019; 65:109424. [PMID: 31639493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two members of the UBASH3/STS/TULA family exhibit a unique protein domain structure, which includes a histidine phosphatase domain, and play a key role in regulating cellular signaling. UBASH3A/STS-2/TULA is mostly a lymphoid protein, while UBASH3B/STS-1/TULA-2 is expressed ubiquitously. Dephosphorylation of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins by TULA-2 and, probably to a lesser extent, by TULA critically contribute to the molecular basis of their regulatory effect. The notable differences between the effects of the two family members on cellular signaling and activation are likely to be linked to the difference between their specific enzymatic activities. However, these differences might also be related to the functions of their domains other than the phosphatase domain and independent of their phosphatase activity. The down-regulation of the Syk/Zap-70-mediated signaling, which to-date appears to be the best-studied regulatory effect of TULA family, is discussed in detail in this publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y Tsygankov
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3400 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, United States.
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40
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Voisinne G, Kersse K, Chaoui K, Lu L, Chaix J, Zhang L, Goncalves Menoita M, Girard L, Ounoughene Y, Wang H, Burlet-Schiltz O, Luche H, Fiore F, Malissen M, Gonzalez de Peredo A, Liang Y, Roncagalli R, Malissen B. Quantitative interactomics in primary T cells unveils TCR signal diversification extent and dynamics. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1530-1541. [PMID: 31591574 PMCID: PMC6859066 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The activation of T cells by the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) results in the formation of signaling protein complexes (signalosomes), the composition of which has not been analyzed at a systems level. Here, we isolated primary CD4+ T cells from 15 gene-targeted mice, each expressing one tagged form of a canonical protein of the TCR-signaling pathway. Using affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry, we analyzed the composition and dynamics of the signalosomes assembling around each of the tagged proteins over 600 s of TCR engagement. We showed that the TCR signal-transduction network comprises at least 277 unique proteins involved in 366 high-confidence interactions, and that TCR signals diversify extensively at the level of the plasma membrane. Integrating the cellular abundance of the interacting proteins and their interaction stoichiometry provided a quantitative and contextual view of each documented interaction, permitting anticipation of whether ablation of a single interacting protein can impinge on the whole TCR signal-transduction network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Voisinne
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Kristof Kersse
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Karima Chaoui
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Département Biologie Structurale Biophysique, Protéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi Pyrénées CNRS UMR 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Liaoxun Lu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Julie Chaix
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Lichen Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Marisa Goncalves Menoita
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Laura Girard
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Marseille, France
| | - Youcef Ounoughene
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Département Biologie Structurale Biophysique, Protéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi Pyrénées CNRS UMR 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Luche
- Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Marseille, France.,Laboratory of Immunophenomics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Frédéric Fiore
- Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France.,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Marseille, France.,Laboratory of Immunophenomics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Anne Gonzalez de Peredo
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Département Biologie Structurale Biophysique, Protéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi Pyrénées CNRS UMR 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Yinming Liang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China. .,Laboratory of Immunophenomics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Romain Roncagalli
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France.
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France. .,Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Marseille, France. .,Laboratory of Immunophenomics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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41
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Guo Z, Tao Y, Yin S, Song Y, Lu X, Li X, Fan Y, Fan X, Xu S, Yang J, Yu Y. The transcription factor Foxp1 regulates the differentiation and function of dendritic cells. Mech Dev 2019; 158:103554. [PMID: 31077741 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the sentinels of the immune system and play a critical role in initiating adaptive immune responses against pathogens. As the most powerful antigen presenting cells, DCs are also important in maintaining immune homeostasis and participating in the development of autoimmune diseases. How the maturation and function of DCs is regulated in these conditions and what is the function of various transcription factors is still unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of the transcription factor Foxp1 gradually increased during the maturation of DCs. Then, we constructed a recombinant adenovirus carrying Foxp1-interfering RNA (Ad-simFoxp1) and transfected murine bone marrow-derived DCs in vitro. DCs transfected with Ad-simFoxp1 exhibited markedly lower costimulatory molecules, and decreased cytokines. And Ad-simFoxp1 greatly inhibited mature DC-induced T cell responses. Moreover, in vivo infusion with Ad-simFoxp1-modified DCs significantly delayed the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Therefore, adoptive transfection of Ad-simFoxp1 in DCs may be a potential treatment strategy against autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Endocrine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijie Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulei Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuping Song
- Department of Endocrine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Department of Endocrine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Endocrine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujuan Fan
- Department of Endocrine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- Department of Endocrine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jialin Yang
- Department of Endocrine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yizhi Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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42
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Voisinne G, Gonzalez de Peredo A, Roncagalli R. CD5, an Undercover Regulator of TCR Signaling. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2900. [PMID: 30581443 PMCID: PMC6292949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are critical components of adaptive immunity. As such, their activation is regulated by the T cell receptor (TCR) that constantly scan peptides associated with major histocompatibility complexes (MHC). TCR engagement initiates a series of molecular events leading to cytokine secretion, proliferation, and differentiation of T cells. As a second coincident event, activation of co-stimulatory molecules, such as CD28, synergize with the TCR in order to prolong and/or amplify intracellular signals. With the recent advances in immunotherapies targeting T cells, co-inhibitory receptors are of growing interest for immunologists due to their potential modulatory properties on T cell functions. However, special attention should be dedicated to avoid unwanted clinical outcomes (1). In particular, Manichean categorization of receptors based on incomplete functional knowledge can lead to an over-simplistic view of complex cellular regulations. Thus, analysis of the functions that characterize these receptors in diverse physiological contexts remains essential for their rational use in therapeutic protocols. Here we focus on CD5, a transmembrane receptor that regulates T cell functions and development but remains poorly characterized at the molecular level. We will review its roles in physiological conditions and suggest potential molecular effectors that could account for CD5-dependent regulation of TCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Voisinne
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Gonzalez de Peredo
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Département Biologie Structural Biophysique, Protéomique Génopole Toulouse Midi Pyrénées CNRS UMR 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Roncagalli
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
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43
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Tang R, Langdon WY, Zhang J. Regulation of immune responses by E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b. Cell Immunol 2018; 340:103878. [PMID: 30442330 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Casitas B lymphoma-b (Cbl-b), a RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligase, has been identified as a critical regulator of adaptive immune responses. Cbl-b is essential for establishing the threshold for T cell activation and regulating peripheral T cell tolerance through various mechanisms. Intriguingly, recent studies indicate that Cbl-b also modulates innate immune responses, and plays a key role in host defense to pathogens and anti-tumor immunity. These studies suggest that targeting Cbl-b may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of human immune-related disorders such as autoimmune diseases, infections, tumors, and allergic airway inflammation. In this review, we summarize the latest developments regarding the roles of Cbl-b in innate and adaptive immunity, and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wallace Y Langdon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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44
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Jelenčić V, Šestan M, Kavazović I, Lenartić M, Marinović S, Holmes TD, Prchal-Murphy M, Lisnić B, Sexl V, Bryceson YT, Wensveen FM, Polić B. NK cell receptor NKG2D sets activation threshold for the NCR1 receptor early in NK cell development. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:1083-1092. [PMID: 30224819 PMCID: PMC6166863 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The activation of natural killer (NK) cells depends on a change in the balance of signals from inhibitory and activating receptors. The activation threshold values of NK cells are thought to be set by engagement of inhibitory receptors during development. Here, we found that the activating receptor NKG2D specifically set the activation threshold for the activating receptor NCR1 through a process that required the adaptor DAP12. As a result, NKGD2-deficient (Klrk1-/-) mice controlled tumors and cytomegalovirus infection better than wild-type controls through the NCR1-induced production of the cytokine IFN-γ. Expression of NKG2D before the immature NK cell stage increased expression of the adaptor CD3ζ. Reduced expression of CD3ζ in Klrk1-/- mice was associated with enhanced signal transduction through NCR1 and CD3ζ-deficiency resulted in hyper-responsiveness to stimulation via NCR1. Thus, an activating receptor developmentally set the activity of another activating receptor on NK cells and determined NK cell-reactivity to cellular threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Jelenčić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marko Šestan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Inga Kavazović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Maja Lenartić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sonja Marinović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tim D Holmes
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michaela Prchal-Murphy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Berislav Lisnić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Broegelmann Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Felix M Wensveen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Bojan Polić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
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45
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Tsygankov AY. TULA-family proteins: Jacks of many trades and then some. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:274-288. [PMID: 30076707 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UBASH3/STS/TULA is a novel two-member family, which exerts several key regulatory effects in multiple cell types. UBASH3B/STS-1/TULA-2 is a highly active protein tyrosine phosphatase; its major target appears to be a specific regulatory site of protein tyrosine kinases of the Syk family, dephosphorylation of which inhibits Syk and Zap-70 kinases and suppresses receptor signaling mediated by these kinases. UBASH3A/STS-2/TULA exhibits substantial homology to UBASH3B/STS-1/TULA-2, but possesses only a small fraction of phosphatase activity of UBASH3B/STS-1/TULA-2, and thus, its regulatory effect may be based also on the phosphatase-independent mechanisms. Critical physiologic effects of these proteins have been demonstrated in T lymphocytes, platelets, stem cells, and other important cell types. These proteins have also been shown to play a key role in such pathologic conditions as autoimmunity, cancer, and thrombosis. The review focuses on the recent studies of this important family of cellular regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y Tsygankov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and Sol Sherry Thrombosis Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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46
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Yang XD, Sun SC. Deubiquitinases as pivotal regulators of T cell functions. Front Med 2018; 12:451-462. [PMID: 30054854 PMCID: PMC6705128 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-018-0651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T cells efficiently respond to foreign antigens to mediate immune responses against infections but are tolerant to self-tissues. Defect in T cell activation is associated with severe immune deficiencies, whereas aberrant T cell activation contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. An emerging mechanism that regulates T cell activation and tolerance is ubiquitination, a reversible process of protein modification that is counter-regulated by ubiquitinating enzymes and deubiquitinases (DUBs). DUBs are isopeptidases that cleave polyubiquitin chains and remove ubiquitin from target proteins, thereby controlling the magnitude and duration of ubiquitin signaling. It is now well recognized that DUBs are crucial regulators of T cell responses and serve as potential therapeutic targets for manipulating immune responses in the treatment of immunological disorders and cancer. This review will discuss the recent progresses regarding the functions of DUBs in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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47
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Lck promotes Zap70-dependent LAT phosphorylation by bridging Zap70 to LAT. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:733-741. [PMID: 29915297 PMCID: PMC6202249 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0131-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
T cell-antigen receptor (TCR) signaling requires the sequential activities of the kinases Lck and Zap70. Upon TCR stimulation, Lck phosphorylates the TCR, thus leading to the recruitment, phosphorylation, and activation of Zap70. Lck binds and stabilizes phosho-Zap70 by using its SH2 domain, and Zap70 phosphorylates the critical adaptors LAT and SLP76, which coordinate downstream signaling. It is unclear whether phosphorylation of these adaptors occurs through passive diffusion or active recruitment. We report the discovery of a conserved proline-rich motif in LAT that mediates efficient LAT phosphorylation. Lck associates with this motif via its SH3 domain, and with phospho-Zap70 via its SH2 domain, thereby acting as a molecular bridge that facilitates the colocalization of Zap70 and LAT. Elimination of this proline-rich motif compromises TCR signaling and T cell development. These results demonstrate the remarkable multifunctionality of Lck, wherein each of its domains has evolved to orchestrate a distinct step in TCR signaling.
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48
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron B. Au-Yeung
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Neel H. Shah
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Lin Shen
- Division of Rheumatology, Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA;,
| | - Arthur Weiss
- Division of Rheumatology, Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA;,
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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50
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Thurm C, Poltorak MP, Reimer E, Brinkmann MM, Leichert L, Schraven B, Simeoni L. A highly conserved redox-active Mx(2)CWx(6)R motif regulates Zap70 stability and activity. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30805-30816. [PMID: 28415650 PMCID: PMC5458169 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ζ-associated protein of 70 kDa (Zap70) is crucial for T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Loss of Zap70 in both humans and mice results in severe immunodeficiency. On the other hand, the expression of Zap70 in B-cell malignancies correlates with the severity of the disease. Because of its role in immune-related disorders, Zap70 has become a therapeutic target for the treatment of human diseases. It is well-established that the activity/expression of Zap70 is regulated by post-translational modifications of crucial amino acids including the phosphorylation of tyrosines and the ubiquitination of lysines. Here, we have investigated whether also oxidation of cysteine residues regulates Zap70 functions. We have identified C575 as a major sulfenylation site of Zap70. A C575A substitution results in protein instability, reduced activity, and increased dependency on the Hsp90/Cdc37 chaperone system. Indeed, Cdc37 overexpression reconstituted partially the expression but fully the function of Zap70C575A. C575 lies within a Mx(2)CWx(6)R motif which is highly conserved among almost all human tyrosine kinases. Mutation of any of the conserved amino acids, but not of a non-conserved residue preceding the cysteine, also results in Zap70 instability. Collectively, we have identified a new redox-active motif which is crucial for the regulation of Zap70 stability/activity. We believe that this motif has the potential to become a novel target for the development of therapeutic tools to modulate the expression/activity of kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Thurm
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mateusz P Poltorak
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Current address: Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Reimer
- Viral Immune Modulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Melanie M Brinkmann
- Viral Immune Modulation Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lars Leichert
- Institute for Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Immune Control, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Luca Simeoni
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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