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Lopes E, Machado-Oliveira G, Simões CG, Ferreira IS, Ramos C, Ramalho J, Soares MIL, Melo TMVDPE, Puertollano R, Marques ARA, Vieira OV. Cholesteryl Hemiazelate Present in Cardiovascular Disease Patients Causes Lysosome Dysfunction in Murine Fibroblasts. Cells 2023; 12:2826. [PMID: 38132146 PMCID: PMC10741512 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence supporting the role of fibroblasts in all stages of atherosclerosis, from the initial phase to fibrous cap and plaque formation. In the arterial wall, as with macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts are exposed to a myriad of LDL lipids, including the lipid species formed during the oxidation of their polyunsaturated fatty acids of cholesteryl esters (PUFA-CEs). Recently, our group identified the final oxidation products of the PUFA-CEs, cholesteryl hemiesters (ChE), in tissues from cardiovascular disease patients. Cholesteryl hemiazelate (ChA), the most prevalent lipid of this family, is sufficient to impact lysosome function in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, with consequences for their homeostasis. Here, we show that the lysosomal compartment of ChA-treated fibroblasts also becomes dysfunctional. Indeed, fibroblasts exposed to ChA exhibited a perinuclear accumulation of enlarged lysosomes full of neutral lipids. However, this outcome did not trigger de novo lysosome biogenesis, and only the lysosomal transcription factor E3 (TFE3) was slightly transcriptionally upregulated. As a consequence, autophagy was inhibited, probably via mTORC1 activation, culminating in fibroblasts' apoptosis. Our findings suggest that the impairment of lysosome function and autophagy and the induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts may represent an additional mechanism by which ChA can contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizeth Lopes
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Gisela Machado-Oliveira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Catarina Guerreiro Simões
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Inês S. Ferreira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Cristiano Ramos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - José Ramalho
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Maria I. L. Soares
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC)–Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.I.L.S.); (T.M.V.D.P.e.M.)
| | - Teresa M. V. D. Pinho e Melo
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC)–Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.I.L.S.); (T.M.V.D.P.e.M.)
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - André R. A. Marques
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Otília V. Vieira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1150-069 Lisbon, Portugal; (E.L.); (G.M.-O.); (C.G.S.); (I.S.F.); (C.R.); (J.R.)
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Wehrmann M, Vilchez D. The emerging role and therapeutic implications of bacterial and parasitic deubiquitinating enzymes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1303072. [PMID: 38077335 PMCID: PMC10703165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1303072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are emerging as key factors for the infection of human cells by pathogens such as bacteria and parasites. In this review, we discuss the most recent studies on the role of deubiquitinase activity in exploiting and manipulating ubiquitin (Ub)-dependent host processes during infection. The studies discussed here highlight the importance of DUB host-pathogen research and underscore the therapeutic potential of inhibiting pathogen-specific DUB activity to prevent infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wehrmann
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Eleftherianos I, Heryanto C, Bassal T, Zhang W, Tettamanti G, Mohamed A. Haemocyte-mediated immunity in insects: Cells, processes and associated components in the fight against pathogens and parasites. Immunology 2021; 164:401-432. [PMID: 34233014 PMCID: PMC8517599 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The host defence of insects includes a combination of cellular and humoral responses. The cellular arm of the insect innate immune system includes mechanisms that are directly mediated by haemocytes (e.g., phagocytosis, nodulation and encapsulation). In addition, melanization accompanying coagulation, clot formation and wound healing, nodulation and encapsulation processes leads to the formation of cytotoxic redox-cycling melanin precursors and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. However, demarcation between cellular and humoral immune reactions as two distinct categories is not straightforward. This is because many humoral factors affect haemocyte functions and haemocytes themselves are an important source of many humoral molecules. There is also a considerable overlap between cellular and humoral immune functions that span from recognition of foreign intruders to clot formation. Here, we review these immune reactions starting with the cellular mechanisms that limit haemolymph loss and participate in wound healing and clot formation and advancing to cellular functions that are critical in restricting pathogen movement and replication. This information is important because it highlights that insect cellular immunity is controlled by a multilayered system, different components of which are activated by different pathogens or during the different stages of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Eleftherianos
- Infection and Innate Immunity LaboratoryDepartment of Biological SciencesInstitute for Biomedical SciencesThe George Washington UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Christa Heryanto
- Infection and Innate Immunity LaboratoryDepartment of Biological SciencesInstitute for Biomedical SciencesThe George Washington UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Taha Bassal
- Department of EntomologyFaculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGizaEgypt
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringKey Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
- BAT Center‐Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro‐Environmental TechnologyUniversity of Napoli Federico IINapoliItaly
| | - Amr Mohamed
- Department of EntomologyFaculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGizaEgypt
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Fang Y, Zhang H, Zhong Y, Ding X. Prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) inhibition protects human renal epithelial cells and mice kidney from hypoxia injury. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54317-54328. [PMID: 27527871 PMCID: PMC5342344 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) is a key oxygen sensor, setting low steady-state level of hypoxia-inducible factor-α (HIF-α). Here, we showed that treatment of cobalt chloride (CoCl2), a hypoxia mimic, in HK-2 tubular epithelial cells induced PHD2 and HIF-1/2α expression as well as cell apoptosis and autophagy activation. Three methyladenine (3-MA), the autophagy inhibitor, blocked autophagy and protected HK-2 cells from CoCl2. Significantly, siRNA knockdown of PHD2 also protected HK-2 cells from CoCl2,possibly via increasing HIF-1α expression. Reversely, HIF-1α siRNA knockdown almost abolished cytoprotection by PHD2 siRNA in CoCl2-treated HK-2 cells. In vivo, pretreatment with a PHD inhibitor L-mimosine remarkably attenuated mice renal ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Molecularly, L-mimosine inhibited apoptosis and inflammatory responses in injured mice kidneys. Together, our results suggest that PHD2 silence or inhibition protects human renal epithelial cells and mice kidney from hypoxia injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yihong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
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Panisello-Roselló A, Verde E, Lopez A, Flores M, Folch-Puy E, Rolo A, Palmeira C, Hotter G, Carbonell T, Adam R, Roselló-Catafau J. Cytoprotective Mechanisms in Fatty Liver Preservation against Cold Ischemia Injury: A Comparison between IGL-1 and HTK. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020348. [PMID: 29364854 PMCID: PMC5855570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Institute Goeorges Lopez 1 (IGL-1) and Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK) preservation solutions are regularly used in clinical for liver transplantation besides University of Wisconsin (UW) solution and Celsior. Several clinical trials and experimental works have been carried out comparing all the solutions, however the comparative IGL-1 and HTK appraisals are poor; especially when they deal with the underlying protection mechanisms of the fatty liver graft during cold storage. Fatty livers from male obese Zücker rats were conserved for 24 h at 4 °C in IGL-1 or HTK preservation solutions. After organ recovery and rinsing of fatty liver grafts with Ringer Lactate solution, we measured the changes in mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling activation, liver autophagy markers (Beclin-1, Beclin-2, LC3B and ATG7) and apoptotic markers (caspase 3, caspase 9 and TUNEL). These determinations were correlated with the prevention of liver injury (aspartate and alanine aminostransferase (AST/ALT), histology) and mitochondrial damage (glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and confocal microscopy findings). Liver grafts preserved in IGL-1 solution showed a marked reduction on p-TOR/mTOR ratio when compared to HTK. This was concomitant with significant increased cyto-protective autophagy and prevention of liver apoptosis, including inflammatory cytokines such as HMGB1. Together, our results revealed that IGL-1 preservation solution better protected fatty liver grafts against cold ischemia damage than HTK solution. IGL-1 protection was associated with a reduced liver damage, higher induced autophagy and decreased apoptosis. All these effects would contribute to limit the subsequent extension of reperfusion injury after graft revascularization in liver transplantation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Panisello-Roselló
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Eva Verde
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Alexandre Lopez
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-PH, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Marta Flores
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Emma Folch-Puy
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Anabela Rolo
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Universidade Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Universidade Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Georgina Hotter
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028 Catalonia, Spain.
| | - René Adam
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, AP-PH, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Joan Roselló-Catafau
- Experimental Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Ji L, Zhong B, Jiang X, Mao F, Liu G, Song B, Wang CY, Jiao Y, Wang JP, Xu ZB, Li X, Zhan B. Actein induces autophagy and apoptosis in human bladder cancer by potentiating ROS/JNK and inhibiting AKT pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112498-112515. [PMID: 29348843 PMCID: PMC5762528 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bladder cancer is a common genitourinary malignant cancer worldwide. However, new therapeutic strategies are required to overcome its stagnated survival rate. Triterpene glycoside Actein (ACT), extracted from the herb black cohosh, suppresses the growth of human breast cancer cells. Our study attempted to explore the role of ACT in human bladder cancer cell growth and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that ACT significantly impeded the bladder cancer cell proliferation via induction of G2/M cycle arrest. Additionally, ACT administration triggered autophagy and apoptosis in bladder cancer cells, proved by the autophagosome formation, LC3B-II accumulation, improved cleavage of Caspases/poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Furthermore, reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) could markedly reverse ACT-induced autophagy and apoptosis. In contrast, AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were greatly de-phosphorylated by ACT, while suppressing AKT and mTOR activity could enhance the effects of ACT on apoptosis and autophagy induction. In vivo, ACT reduced the tumor growth with little toxicity. Taken together, our findings indicated that ACT suppressed cell proliferation, induced autophagy and apoptosis through promoting ROS/JNK activation, and blunting AKT pathway in human bladder cancer, which indicated that ACT might be an effective candidate against human bladder cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ji
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Fei Mao
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Bin Song
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Wang
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Jiao
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Wang
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Xu
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xing Li
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo Zhan
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
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