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Cho EH, Shim YH, Kim SY. Is Low Polydispersity Always Beneficial? Exploring the Impact of Size Polydispersity on the Microstructure and Rheological Properties of Graphene Oxide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39353172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c10059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising material widely utilized in advanced materials engineering, such as in the development of soft robotics, sensors, and flexible devices. Considering that GOs are often processed using solution-based methods, a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental characteristics of GO in dispersion states becomes crucial given their significant influence on the ultimate properties of the device. GOs inherently exhibit polydispersity in solution, which plays a critical role in determining the mechanical behavior and flowability. However, research in the domain of 2D colloids concerning the effects of GO's polydispersity on its rheological properties and microstructure is relatively scant. Consequently, gaining a comprehensive understanding of how GO's polydispersity affects these critical aspects remains a pressing concern. In this study, we aim to investigate the dispersions and structure of GOs and clarify the effect of polydispersity on the rheological properties and yielding behavior. Using a rheometer, polarized optical microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering, we found that higher polydispersity in the same average size leads to overall improved rheological properties and higher flowability during yielding. Thus, our study can be beneficial in the employment of polydispersity in the processing of GO such as 3D printing and fiber spinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ho Cho
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yul Hui Shim
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - So Youn Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kang S, Chang J, Lim J, Kim DJ, Kim TS, Choi KC, Lee JH, Kim S. Graphene-enabled laser lift-off for ultrathin displays. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8288. [PMID: 39333239 PMCID: PMC11436630 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Laser lift-off (LLO) of ultrathin polyimide (PI) films is important in the manufacturing of ultrathin displays. However, conventional LLO technologies face challenges in separating the ultrathin PI films without causing mechanical and electrical damage to integrated devices. Here, we propose a graphene-enabled laser lift-off (GLLO) method to address the challenges. The GLLO method is developed by integrating chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene at the interface between a transparent carrier and an ultrathin PI film, exhibiting improved processability and lift-off quality. In particular, the GLLO method significantly mitigates plastic deformation of the PI film and minimizes carbonaceous residues remaining on the carrier. The role of graphene is attributed to three factors: enhancement of interfacial UV absorption, lateral heat diffusion, and adhesion reduction, and experimentations and numerical simulations verify the mechanism. Finally, it is demonstrated that the GLLO method separates ultrathin organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices without compromising performance. We believe that this work will pave the way for utilizing CVD graphene in various laser-based manufacturing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Kang
- Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeock Chang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseung Lim
- Semiconductor Manufacturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Robot∙Manufacturing Systems, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Cheol Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hak Lee
- Semiconductor Manufacturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungman Kim
- Semiconductor Manufacturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Robot∙Manufacturing Systems, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Wm Micheal Barens'64 Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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3
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Ray SC, Mishra DK, Pong WF. Optimization of Magnetic Behaviors of Au-NP-Decorated MWCNTs and Reduced Graphene Oxide for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:40067-40074. [PMID: 39346837 PMCID: PMC11425615 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Optimization of electronic/magnetic behaviors of chemically decorated diamagnetic noble-metal gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs ≈5 at. %) on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) is studied for future uses of optoelectronic/magnetic and biomedical applications. The changes between Au 4f5/2 and Au 4f7/2 ≈ 3.7 eV in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and 1.1 (±0.3) eV shifts in the C K-edge in X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy confirm that the reduced form of Au0 was present in the Au-NP-decorated nanocomposites. The potential difference (ΔV) is built due to charge creations at the interface of r-GO/MWCNTs and Au-NPs and shifts in the Fermi level (ΔE F) due to electronic transfer effects, and as a result, the work functions are reduced from 3.2 eV (MWCNTs) to 3.0 eV (MWCNTs:Au-NPs) and 3.1 (r-GO) to 2.8 eV (r-GO:Au-NPS), respectively. Negligible remanence/coercivity in MWCNTs/r-GO (/Au-NPs) with blocking temperature ≈300 K in MWCNTs:Au-NPs accounted for the existence of diamagnetic Au-NPs in these nanocomposites, which implies a superparamagnetic nature. These results furnish the evidence about the optimization of magnetic behaviors of r-GO/MWCNTs (/Au-NPs) that may possibly be altered as a novel contrast agent for clinical magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery, and hyperthermia applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekhar Chandra Ray
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology (ITER), Siksha "O" Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751 030, Odisha, India
- Department of Physics, CSET, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Private Bag X6, Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Avenue, Florida Park, Florida 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei 251, Taiwan
| | - Dilip Kumar Mishra
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology (ITER), Siksha "O" Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751 030, Odisha, India
| | - Way-Faung Pong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei 251, Taiwan
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4
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Kim MJ, Jeong HJ. Laser-Assisted Photo-Thermal Reaction for Ultrafast Synthesis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Copper Nanoparticles Hybrid Films as Flexible Electrodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1454. [PMID: 39269116 PMCID: PMC11397256 DOI: 10.3390/nano14171454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The hybridization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and Cu nanoparticles offers a promising strategy for creating highly conductive and mechanically stable fillers for flexible printed electronics. In this study, we report the ultrafast synthesis of SWCNT/Cu hybrid nanostructures and the fabrication of flexible electrodes under ambient conditions through a laser-induced photo-thermal reaction. Thermal energy generated from the nonradiative relaxation of the π-plasmon resonance of SWCNTs was utilized to reduce the Cu-complex (known as a metal-organic decomposition ink) into Cu nanoparticles. We systematically investigated the effects of SWCNT concentration and output laser power on the structural and electrical properties of the SWCNT/Cu hybrid electrodes. The SWCNT/Cu electrodes achieved a minimum electrical resistivity of 46 μohm·cm, comparable to that of the metal-based printed electrodes. Mechanical bending tests demonstrated that the SWCNT/Cu electrodes were highly stable and durable, with no significant deformation observed even after 1000 bending cycles. Additionally, the electrodes showed rapid temperature increases and stable Joule heating performance, reaching temperatures of nearly 80 °C at an applied voltage of less than 3.5 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jeong Kim
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Changwon 51543, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electro-Functionality Material Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Changwon 51543, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jeong
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Changwon 51543, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electro-Functionality Material Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Changwon 51543, Republic of Korea
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5
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Shi Y, Li H, Tsunematsu H, Ozeki H, Kano K, Yamamoto E, Kobayashi M, Abe H, Chen CW, Osada M. Ultrafast 2D Nanosheet Assembly via Spontaneous Spreading Phenomenon. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2403915. [PMID: 38973115 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
In 2D materials, a key engineering challenge is the mass production of large-area thin films without sacrificing their uniform 2D nature and unique properties. Here, it is demonstrated that a simple fluid phenomenon of water/alcohol solvents can become a sophisticated tool for self-assembly and designing organized structures of 2D nanosheets on a water surface. In situ, surface characterizations show that water/alcohol droplets of 2D nanosheets with cationic surfactants exhibit spontaneous spreading of large uniform monolayers within 10 s. Facile transfer of the monolayers onto solid or flexible substrates results in high-quality mono- and multilayer films with high coverages (>95%) and homogeneous electronic/optical properties. This spontaneous spreading is quite general and can be applied to various 2D nanosheets, including metal oxides, graphene oxide, h-BN, MoS2, and transition metal carbides, enabling on-demand smart manufacture of large-size (>4 inchϕ) 2D nanofilms and free-standing membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hong Li
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tsunematsu
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Harumi Ozeki
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kimiko Kano
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Eisuke Yamamoto
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroya Abe
- Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT), National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Minoru Osada
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) & Department of Materials Chemistry, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- Quantum-Based Frontier Research Hub for Industry Development (Q-BReD), Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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6
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Liu T, Beket G, Li Q, Zhang Q, Jeong SY, Yang CY, Huang JD, Li Y, Stoeckel MA, Xiong M, van der Pol TPA, Bergqvist J, Woo HY, Gao F, Fahlman M, Österberg T, Fabiano S. A Polymeric Two-in-One Electron Transport Layer and Transparent Electrode for Efficient Indoor All-Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2405676. [PMID: 39207046 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Transparent electrodes (TEs) are vital in optoelectronic devices, enabling the interaction of light and charges. While indium tin oxide (ITO) has traditionally served as a benchmark TE, its high cost prompts the exploration of alternatives to optimize electrode characteristics and improve device efficiencies. Conducting polymers, which combine polymer advantages with metal-like conductivity, emerge as a promising solution for TEs. This work introduces a two-in-one electron transport layer (ETL) and TE based on films of polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE)-modified poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO). These PEIE-modified PBFDO layers exhibit a unique combination of properties, including low sheet resistance (130 Ω sq-1), low work function (4.2 eV), and high optical transparency (>85% in the UV-vis-NIR range). In contrast to commonly used poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), the doping level of PBFDO remains unaffected by the PEIE treatment, as verified through UV-vis-NIR absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. When employed as a two-in-one ETL/TE in organic solar cells, the PEIE-modified PBFDO electrode exhibits performance comparable to conventional ITO electrodes. Moreover, this work demonstrates all-organic solar cells with record-high power conversion efficiencies of >15.1% under indoor lighting conditions. These findings hold promise for the development of fully printed, all-organic optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiefeng Liu
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Gulzada Beket
- Electronic and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
- Epishine AB, Attorpsgatan 2, Linköping, SE-58273, Sweden
| | - Qifan Li
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Qilun Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Yuan Yang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Bredgatan 33, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Jun-Da Huang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Electronic and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Marc-Antoine Stoeckel
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Bredgatan 33, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Miao Xiong
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | - Tom P A van der Pol
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | | | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Gao
- Electronic and Photonic Materials, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
| | | | - Simone Fabiano
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
- n-Ink AB, Bredgatan 33, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden
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Tan Z, Jung U, Jeong S, Park J. Transferrable CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Single-Crystalline Films for Visible-Wavelength Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:45147-45155. [PMID: 39138136 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we propose large-scale CsPbBr3 (CPB) single-crystalline films (SCFs) grown by a one-step vapor-phase epitaxy (VPE) method for application in optoelectronic devices. After optimizing the transport speed of the precursor and cooling rate, we obtained continuous CPB films with a lateral size exceeding 2 cm2, and the thickness could be controlled from several micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. Crystallography and optoelectronic characterization proved the excellent crystallinity and very low trap density (2.14 × 1011) of the SCFs. Furthermore, we demonstrate a transfer-assembly strategy for fabricating perovskite SCF-based heterostructures for visible photodetectors. The high-quality SCF films in the active layer suppress the leakage current, leading to a low dark current of 5 × 10-10 A at -0.6 V. Therefore, the self-biased photodetector based on the vertical CsPbBr3 SCF-SnO2 heterostructure showed a high responsivity of 1.9 A/W, a detectivity of 4.65 × 1012 Jones, and a large on/off ratio of 4.63 × 103 under a 1 mW/cm2 450 nm light illumination. Our study not only demonstrates the excellent performance of single-crystalline perovskite-based photodiodes but also provides a universal assembly method for the integration of monocrystalline perovskite films in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Tan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Uijin Jung
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Seongmin Jeong
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jinsub Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Department of Semiconductor Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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Bhuyan MM, Jeong JH. Gels/Hydrogels in Different Devices/Instruments-A Review. Gels 2024; 10:548. [PMID: 39330150 PMCID: PMC11430987 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to their physical and chemical properties and stimuli-responsive nature, gels and hydrogels play vital roles in diverse application fields. The three-dimensional polymeric network structure of hydrogels is considered an alternative to many materials, such as conductors, ordinary films, constituent components of machines and robots, etc. The most recent applications of gels are in different devices like sensors, actuators, flexible screens, touch panels, flexible storage, solar cells, batteries, and electronic skin. This review article addresses the devices where gels are used, the progress of research, the working mechanisms of hydrogels in those devices, and future prospects. Preparation methods are also important for obtaining a suitable hydrogel. This review discusses different methods of hydrogel preparation from the respective raw materials. Moreover, the mechanism by which gels act as a part of electronic devices is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Murshed Bhuyan
- Research Center for Green Energy Systems, Department of Mechanical, Smart, and Industrial Engineering (Mechanical Engineering Major), Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Research Center for Green Energy Systems, Department of Mechanical, Smart, and Industrial Engineering (Mechanical Engineering Major), Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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9
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Hossain MK, Hendi A, Asim N, Alghoul MA, Rafiqul Islam M, Hussain SMS. Chemiresistive Gas Sensing using Graphene-Metal Oxide Hybrids. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300529. [PMID: 37695946 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemiresistive sensing lies in its ability to provide fast, accurate, and reliable detection of various gases in a cost-effective and non-invasive manner. In this context, graphene-functionalized metal oxides play crucial role in hydrogen gas sensing. However, a cost-effective, defect-free, and large production schemes of graphene-based sensors are required for industrial applications. This review focuses on graphene-functionalized metal oxide nanostructures designed for gaseous molecules detection, mainly hydrogen gas sensing applications. For the convenience of the reader and to understand the role of graphene-metal oxide hybrids (GMOH) in gas sensing activities, a brief overview of the properties and synthesis routes of graphene and GMOH have been reported in this paper. Metal oxides play an essential role in the GMOH construct for hydrogen gas sensing. Therefore, various metal oxides-decorated GMOH constructs are detailed in this review as gas sensing platforms, particularly for hydrogen detection. Finally, specific directions for future research works and challenges ahead in designing highly selective and sensitive hydrogen gas sensors have been highlighted. As illustrated in this review, understanding of the metal oxides-decorated GMOH constructs is expected to guide ones in developing emerging hybrid nanomaterials that are suitable for hydrogen gas sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kamal Hossain
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed Hendi
- Physics Department & IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilofar Asim
- Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Alghoul
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Muhammad Shakil Hussain
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Li R, Xu D, Su Y, Qiu L, Zhao W, Cui H. Fast adaptive focusing confocal Raman microscopy for large-area two-dimensional materials. Talanta 2024; 276:126301. [PMID: 38781915 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Large-area two-dimensional (2D) materials possess significant potential in the development of next generation semiconductor due to their unique physicochemical properties. Confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRM), a typical 2D material characterization method, has a limited effective measurement area owing to the restricted focus depth of the system and the less-than-ideal level of the substrate. We propose fast adaptive focusing confocal Raman microscopy (FAFCRM) to realize real-time focusing detection for large-area 2D materials. By observing spot changes on the charge coupled device (CCD) caused by placing an aperture in front of the CCD, the methodology gives a focusing resolution up to 100 nm per 60 μm without axial scanning. A graphene was measured over 25.6 mm × 25.6 mm area on focus through all the scanning. The research results provide new perspectives for non-destructive characterization of 2D materials at the inch level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongji Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Demin Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunhao Su
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lirong Qiu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weiqian Zhao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Han Cui
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Complex-field Intelligent Exploration, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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11
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Orellana J, Araya-Hermosilla E, Pucci A, Araya-Hermosilla R. Polymer-Assisted Graphite Exfoliation: Advancing Nanostructure Preparation and Multifunctional Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2273. [PMID: 39204493 PMCID: PMC11359776 DOI: 10.3390/polym16162273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Exfoliated graphite (ExG) embedded in a polymeric matrix represents an accessible, cost-effective, and sustainable method for generating nanosized graphite-based polymer composites with multifunctional properties. This review article analyzes diverse methods currently used to exfoliate graphite into graphite nanoplatelets, few-layer graphene, and polymer-assisted graphene. It also explores engineered methods for small-scale pilot production of polymer nanocomposites. It highlights the chemistry involved during the graphite intercalation and exfoliation process, particularly emphasizing the interfacial interactions related to steric repulsion forces, van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking, and covalent bonds. These interactions promote the dispersion and stabilization of the graphite derivative structures in polymeric matrices. Finally, it compares the enhanced properties of nanocomposites, such as increased thermal and electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications, with those of neat polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Orellana
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Materiales e Ingeniería de Procesos, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8940577, Chile
| | - Esteban Araya-Hermosilla
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Beauchef 851, Box, Santiago 8370456, Chile
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Araya-Hermosilla
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDT), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, Santiago 8370456, Chile
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Althumayri M, Das R, Banavath R, Beker L, Achim AM, Ceylan Koydemir H. Recent Advances in Transparent Electrodes and Their Multimodal Sensing Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2405099. [PMID: 39120484 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
This review examines the recent advancements in transparent electrodes and their crucial role in multimodal sensing technologies. Transparent electrodes, notable for their optical transparency and electrical conductivity, are revolutionizing sensors by enabling the simultaneous detection of diverse physical, chemical, and biological signals. Materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, and conductive polymers, which offer a balance between optical transparency, electrical conductivity, and mechanical flexibility, are at the forefront of this development. These electrodes are integral in various applications, from healthcare to solar cell technologies, enhancing sensor performance in complex environments. The paper addresses challenges in applying these electrodes, such as the need for mechanical flexibility, high optoelectronic performance, and biocompatibility. It explores new materials and innovative techniques to overcome these hurdles, aiming to broaden the capabilities of multimodal sensing devices. The review provides a comparative analysis of different transparent electrode materials, discussing their applications and the ongoing development of novel electrode systems for multimodal sensing. This exploration offers insights into future advancements in transparent electrodes, highlighting their transformative potential in bioelectronics and multimodal sensing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed Althumayri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ritu Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Ramu Banavath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Levent Beker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Alin M Achim
- School of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Hatice Ceylan Koydemir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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13
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Li W, Liang F, Sun X, Zheng K, Liu R, Yuan H, Cheng S, Wang J, Cheng Y, Huang K, Wang K, Yang Y, Yang F, Tu C, Mao X, Yin W, Cai A, Wang X, Qi Y, Liu Z. Graphene-skinned alumina fiber fabricated through metalloid-catalytic graphene CVD growth on nonmetallic substrate and its mass production. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6825. [PMID: 39122739 PMCID: PMC11316083 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene growth on widely used dielectrics/insulators via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a strategy toward transfer-free applications of CVD graphene for the realization of advanced composite materials. Here, we develop graphene-skinned alumina fibers/fabrics (GAFs/GAFFs) through graphene CVD growth on commercial alumina fibers/fabrics (AFs/AFFs). We reveal a vapor-surface-solid growth model on a non-metallic substrate, which is distinct from the well-established vapor-solid model on conventional non-catalytic non-metallic substrates, but bears a closer resemblance to that observed on catalytic metallic substrates. The metalloid-catalytic growth of graphene on AFs/AFFs resulted in reduced growth temperature (~200 °C lower) and accelerated growth rate (~3.4 times faster) compared to that obtained on a representative non-metallic counterpart, quartz fiber. The fabricated GAFF features a wide-range tunable electrical conductivity (1-15000 Ω sq-1), high tensile strength (>1.5 GPa), lightweight, flexibility, and a hierarchical macrostructure. These attributes are inherited from both graphene and AFF, making GAFF promising for various applications including electrical heating and electromagnetic interference shielding. Beyond laboratory level preparation, the stable mass production of large-scale GAFF has been achieved through a home-made roll-to-roll system with capacity of 468-93600 m2/year depending on product specifications, providing foundations for the subsequent industrialization of this material, enabling its widespread adoption in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Li
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Fushun Liang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiucai Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Kangyi Zheng
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruojuan Liu
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Shuting Cheng
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kewen Huang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyao Yang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Ce Tu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Mao
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Wanjian Yin
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ali Cai
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China.
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China.
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Meier J, Zhang H, Kaya U, Mertin W, Bacher G. Graphene-Enhanced UV-C LEDs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313037. [PMID: 38810365 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Light-emitting diodes in the UV-C spectral range (UV-C LEDs) can potentially replace bulky and toxic mercury lamps in a wide range of applications including sterilization and water purification. Several obstacles still limit the efficiencies of UV-C LEDs. Devices in flip-chip geometry suffer from a huge difference in the work functions between the p-AlGaN and high-reflective Al mirrors, whereas the absence of UV-C transparent current spreading layers limits the development of UV-C LEDs in standard geometry. Here it is demonstrated that transfer-free graphene implemented directly onto the p-AlGaN top layer by a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition approach enables highly efficient 275 nm UV-C LEDs in both, flip-chip and standard geometry. In flip-chip geometry, the graphene acts as a contact interlayer between the Al-mirror and the p-AlGaN enabling an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 9.5% and a wall-plug efficiency (WPE) of 5.5% at 8 V. Graphene combined with a ≈1 nm NiOx support layer allows a turn-on voltage <5 V. In standard geometry graphene acts as a current spreading layer on a length scale up to 1 mm. These top-emitting devices exhibit a EQE of 2.1% at 8.7 V and a WPE of 1.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Meier
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Bismarckstraße 81, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Hehe Zhang
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Bismarckstraße 81, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Umut Kaya
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Bismarckstraße 81, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Mertin
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Bismarckstraße 81, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Bacher
- Werkstoffe der Elektrotechnik and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Bismarckstraße 81, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
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15
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Li Y, Zhang K, Yin Y, Kong X, Zhang R, Wang H, Zhang Z. Amino-functionalized graphene oxide affects bacteria-phage interactions in aquatic environments. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 259:121840. [PMID: 38820731 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The widespread use of graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs) in mass production has resulted in their release into the atmosphere, soil and water environment through various processes. Among these, the water environment is particularly affected by GFN pollution. Our previous study has demonstrated the impact of graphene oxide (GO) on bacteria-phage interactions in natural systems. However, the effects of amino-functionalized GO with a positive charge on bacteria-phage interactions in aquatic environments remain unclear. In the present study, we found that amino-functionalized graphene oxide (AGO) (0.05 mg/mL) inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Y12. Furthermore, treating P. aeruginosa Y12 and phage with AGO (0.05 mg/mL) led to a reduced ratio of phage to bacteria, indicating that AGO can inhibit phage infection of bacteria. Additionally, the acidic environment exacerbated this effect by promoting electrostatic adsorption between the positively charged AGO and the negatively charged phage. Finally, a field water body intervention experiment showed that the richness and diversity of bacterial communities in six water samples changed due to AGO exposure, as revealed by Illumina analysis based on the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. These findings offer valuable insights into the environmental impacts of GFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, PR China; Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, PR China
| | - Yansong Yin
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Xinxin Kong
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China.
| | - Haijun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China; School of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China.
| | - Zhong Zhang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an 271016, PR China; Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261021, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan 250014, PR China.
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16
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Li XF, Su FY, Xie LJ, Tian YR, Yi ZL, Cheng JY, Chen CM. Carbon Corrosion Induced by Surface Defects Accelerates Degradation of Platinum/Graphene Catalysts in Oxygen Reduction Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310940. [PMID: 38700049 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Graphene supported electrocatalysts have demonstrated remarkable catalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, their durability and cycling performance are greatly limited by Oswald ripening of platinum (Pt) and graphene support corrosion. Moreover, comprehensive studies on the mechanisms of catalysts degradation under 0.6-1.6 V versus RHE (Reversible Hydrogen Electrode) is still lacking. Herein, degradation mechanisms triggered by different defects on graphene supports are investigated by two cycling protocols. In the start-up/shutdown cycling (1.0-1.6 V vs. RHE), carbon oxidation reaction (COR) leads to shedding or swarm-like aggregation of Pt nanoparticles (NPs). Theoretical simulation results show that the expansion of vacancy defects promotes reaction kinetics of the decisive step in COR, reducing its reaction overpotential. While under the load cycling (0.6-1.0 V vs. RHE), oxygen containing defects lead to an elevated content of Pt in its oxidation state which intensifies Oswald ripening of Pt. The presence of vacancy defects can enhance the transfer of electrons from graphene to the Pt surface, reducing the d-band center of Pt and making it more difficult for the oxidation state of platinum to form in the cycling. This work will provide comprehensive understanding on Pt/Graphene catalysts degradation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Li-Jing Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yan-Ru Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zong-Lin Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jia-Yao Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Cheng-Meng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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17
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Akhavan S, Najafabadi AT, Mignuzzi S, Jalebi MA, Ruocco A, Paradisanos I, Balci O, Andaji-Garmaroudi Z, Goykhman I, Occhipinti LG, Lidorikis E, Stranks SD, Ferrari AC. Graphene-Perovskite Fibre Photodetectors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400703. [PMID: 38824387 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The integration of optoelectronic devices, such as transistors and photodetectors (PDs), into wearables and textiles is of great interest for applications such as healthcare and physiological monitoring. These require flexible/wearable systems adaptable to body motions, thus materials conformable to non-planar surfaces, and able to maintain performance under mechanical distortions. Here, fibre PDs are prepared by combining rolled graphene layers and photoactive perovskites. Conductive fibres (~500 Ωcm-1) are made by rolling single-layer graphene (SLG) around silica fibres, followed by deposition of a dielectric layer (Al2O3 and parylene C), another rolled SLG as a channel, and perovskite as photoactive component. The resulting gate-tunable PD has a response time~9ms, with an external responsivity~22kAW-1 at 488nm for a 1V bias. The external responsivity is two orders of magnitude higher, and the response time one order of magnitude faster, than state-of-the-art wearable fibre-based PDs. Under bending at 4mm radius, up to~80% photocurrent is maintained. Washability tests show~72% of initial photocurrent after 30 cycles, promising for wearable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Akhavan
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - A Taheri Najafabadi
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - S Mignuzzi
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - M Abdi Jalebi
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - A Ruocco
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
- Optical Networks Group, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - I Paradisanos
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - O Balci
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Z Andaji-Garmaroudi
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - I Goykhman
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
- Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - L G Occhipinti
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - E Lidorikis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - S D Stranks
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - A C Ferrari
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
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18
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Kumar P, Singh G, Guan X, Roy S, Lee J, Kim IY, Li X, Bu F, Bahadur R, Iyengar SA, Yi J, Zhao D, Ajayan PM, Vinu A. The Rise of Xene Hybrids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403881. [PMID: 38899836 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Xenes, mono-elemental atomic sheets, exhibit Dirac/Dirac-like quantum behavior. When interfaced with other 2D materials such as boron nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides, and metal carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides, it enables them with unique physicochemical properties, including structural stability, desirable bandgap, efficient charge carrier injection, flexibility/breaking stress, thermal conductivity, chemical reactivity, catalytic efficiency, molecular adsorption, and wettability. For example, BN acts as an anti-oxidative shield, MoS2 injects electrons upon laser excitation, and MXene provides mechanical flexibility. Beyond precise compositional modulations, stacking sequences, and inter-layer coupling controlled by parameters, achieving scalability and reproducibility in hybridization is crucial for implementing these quantum materials in consumer applications. However, realizing the full potential of these hybrid materials faces challenges such as air gaps, uneven interfaces, and the formation of defects and functional groups. Advanced synthesis techniques, a deep understanding of quantum behaviors, precise control over interfacial interactions, and awareness of cross-correlations among these factors are essential. Xene-based hybrids show immense promise for groundbreaking applications in quantum computing, flexible electronics, energy storage, and catalysis. In this timely perspective, recent discoveries of novel Xenes and their hybrids are highlighted, emphasizing correlations among synthetic parameters, structure, properties, and applications. It is anticipated that these insights will revolutionize diverse industries and technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Xinwei Guan
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Sustainable Energy Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Jangmee Lee
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - In Young Kim
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Fanxing Bu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Rohan Bahadur
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Sathvik Ajay Iyengar
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, 2308, Australia
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19
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Song Q, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Wu S, Yan X, He K, Gao G, Chen Q, Wang S. Site-Selective Synthesis of Bilayer Graphene on Cu Substrates Using Titanium as a Carbon Diffusion Barrier. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:38355-38364. [PMID: 39011562 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a widely used method for graphene synthesis, but it struggles to produce large-area uniform bilayer graphene (BLG). This study introduces a novel approach to meet the demands of large-scale integrated circuit applications, challenging the conventional reliance on uniform BLG over extensive areas. We developed a unique method involving the direct growth of bilayer graphene arrays (BLGA) on Cu foil substrates using patterned titanium (Ti) as a diffusion barrier. The use of the Ti layer can effectively control carbon atom diffusion through the Cu foil without altering the growth conditions or compromising the graphene quality, thereby showcasing its versatility. The approach allows for targeted BLG growth and achieved a yield of 100% for a 10 × 10 BLG units array. Then a 10 × 10 BLG memristor array was fabricated, and a yield of 96% was achieved. The performances of these devices show good uniformity, evidenced by the set voltages concentrated around 4 V, and a high resistance state (HRS) to low resistance state (LRS) ratio predominantly around 107, reflecting the spatial uniformity of the prepared BLGA. This study provides insight into the BLG growth mechanism and opens new possibilities for BLG-based electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyang Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement & Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Youwei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement & Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement & Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Su Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement & Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-fast Photoelectric Diagnostics Technology, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Kai He
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-fast Photoelectric Diagnostics Technology, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Guilong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ultra-fast Photoelectric Diagnostics Technology, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (XIOPM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Gemmological Institute, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shun Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement & Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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20
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Guo L, Wu N, Zhang S, Zeng H, Yang J, Han X, Duan H, Liu Y, Wang L. Emerging Advances around Nanofluidic Transport and Mass Separation under Confinement in Atomically Thin Nanoporous Graphene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404087. [PMID: 39031097 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Membrane separation stands as an environmentally friendly, high permeance and selectivity, low energy demand process that deserves scientific investigation and industrialization. To address intensive demand, seeking appropriate membrane materials to surpass trade-off between permeability and selectivity and improve stability is on the schedule. 2D materials offer transformational opportunities and a revolutionary platform for researching membrane separation process. Especially, the atomically thin graphene with controllable porosity and structure, as well as unique properties, is widely considered as a candidate for membrane materials aiming to provide extreme stability, exponentially large selectivity combined with high permeability. Currently, it has shown promising opportunities to develop separation membranes to tackle bottlenecks of traditional membranes, and it has been of great interest for tremendously versatile applications such as separation, energy harvesting, and sensing. In this review, starting from transport mechanisms of separation, the material selection bank is narrowed down to nanoporous graphene. The study presents an enlightening overview of very recent developments in the preparation of atomically thin nanoporous graphene and correlates surface properties of such 2D nanoporous materials to their performance in critical separation applications. Finally, challenges related to modulation and manufacturing as well as potential avenues for performance improvements are also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ningran Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Shengping Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Haiou Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiao Han
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuancheng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luda Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, 100095, China
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21
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Kammarchedu V, Asgharian H, Zhou K, Soltan Khamsi P, Ebrahimi A. Recent advances in graphene-based electroanalytical devices for healthcare applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12857-12882. [PMID: 38888429 PMCID: PMC11238565 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06137j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Graphene, with its outstanding mechanical, electrical, and biocompatible properties, stands out as an emerging nanomaterial for healthcare applications, especially in building electroanalytical biodevices. With the rising prevalence of chronic diseases and infectious diseases, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for point-of-care testing and remote patient monitoring has never been greater. Owing to their portability, ease of manufacturing, scalability, and rapid and sensitive response, electroanalytical devices excel in these settings for improved healthcare accessibility, especially in resource-limited settings. The development of different synthesis methods yielding large-scale graphene and its derivatives with controllable properties, compatible with device manufacturing - from lithography to various printing methods - and tunable electrical, chemical, and electrochemical properties make it an attractive candidate for electroanalytical devices. This review article sheds light on how graphene-based devices can be transformative in addressing pressing healthcare needs, ranging from the fundamental understanding of biology in in vivo and ex vivo studies to early disease detection and management using in vitro assays and wearable devices. In particular, the article provides a special focus on (i) synthesis and functionalization techniques, emphasizing their suitability for scalable integration into devices, (ii) various transduction methods to design diverse electroanalytical device architectures, (iii) a myriad of applications using devices based on graphene, its derivatives, and hybrids with other nanomaterials, and (iv) emerging technologies at the intersection of device engineering and advanced data analytics. Finally, some of the major hurdles that graphene biodevices face for translation into clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Kammarchedu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Heshmat Asgharian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Keren Zhou
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Pouya Soltan Khamsi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Aida Ebrahimi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
- Center for Atomically Thin Multifunctional Coatings, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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22
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Ding X, He Z, Li J, Xu X, Li Z. Carbon carrier-based rapid Joule heating technology: a review on the preparation and applications of functional nanomaterials. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12309-12328. [PMID: 38874095 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01510j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Compared to conventional heating techniques, the carbon carrier-based rapid Joule heating (CJH) method is a new class of technologies that offer significantly higher heating rates and ultra-high temperatures. Over the past few decades, CJH technology has spawned several techniques with similar principles for different application scenarios, including ultra-fast high temperature sintering (UHS), carbon thermal shock (CTS), and flash Joule heating (FJH), which have been widely used in material preparation research studies. Functional nanomaterials are a popular direction of research today, mainly including nanometallic materials, nanosilica materials, nanoceramic materials and nanocarbon materials. These materials exhibit unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, including a high specific surface area, strength, thermal stability, and biocompatibility, making them ideal for diverse applications across various fields. The CJH method is a remarkable approach to producing functional nanomaterials that has attracted attention for its significant advantages. This paper aims to delve into the fundamental principles of CJH and elucidate the efficient preparation of functional nanomaterials with superior properties using this technique. The paper is organized into three sections, each dedicated to introducing the process and characteristics of CJH technology for the preparation of three distinct material types: carbon-based nanomaterials, inorganic non-metallic materials, and metallic materials. We discuss the distinctions and merits of the CJH method compared to alternative techniques in the preparation of these materials, along with a thorough examination of their properties. Furthermore, the potential applications of these materials are highlighted. In conclusion, this paper concludes with a discussion on the future research trends and development prospects of CJH technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Ding
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Semiconductor Display and Optical Communication Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Zihan He
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Semiconductor Display and Optical Communication Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Jiasheng Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Semiconductor Display and Optical Communication Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Micro Display, Foshan Nationstar Optoelectronics Company Ltd, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Semiconductor Display and Optical Communication Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Zongtao Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Semiconductor Display and Optical Communication Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Micro Display, Foshan Nationstar Optoelectronics Company Ltd, Foshan 528000, China
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23
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Chahal S, Sahay T, Li Z, Sharma RK, Kumari E, Bandyopadhyay A, Kumari P, Jyoti Ray S, Vinu A, Kumar P. Graphene via Microwave Expansion of Graphite Followed by Cryo-Quenching and its Application in Electrostatic Droplet Switching. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404337. [PMID: 38958089 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Monoelemental atomic sheets (Xenes) and other 2D materials offer record electronic mobility, high thermal conductivity, excellent Young's moduli, optical transparency, and flexural capability, revolutionizing ultrasensitive devices and enhancing performance. The ideal synthesis of these quantum materials should be facile, fast, scalable, reproducible, and green. Microwave expansion followed by cryoquenching (MECQ) leverages thermal stress in graphite to produce high-purity graphene within minutes. MECQ synthesis of graphene is reported at 640 and 800 W for 10 min, followed by liquid nitrogen quenching for 5 and 90 min of sonication. Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the chemical identity and phase purity of monolayers and few-layered graphene sheets (200-12 µm). Higher microwave power yields thinner layers with enhanced purity. Molecular dynamics simulations and DFT calculations support the exfoliation under these conditions. Electrostatic droplet switching is demonstrated using MECQ-synthesized graphene, observing electrorolling of a mercury droplet on a BN/graphene interface at voltages above 20 V. This technique can inspire the synthesis of other 2D materials with high purity and enable new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Chahal
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta Campus, Patna, 801106, India
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Hyderabad, 502284, India
| | - Trisha Sahay
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta Campus, Patna, 801106, India
| | - Zhixuan Li
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
| | - Raju Kumar Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College Sheohar, Chhatauna Bisunpur, Block- Piprahi, Sheohar, Bihar, 843329, India
| | - Ekta Kumari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta Campus, Patna, 801106, India
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta Campus, Patna, 801106, India
| | - Arkamita Bandyopadhyay
- Institut für Physik, Theoretische Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenber, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Puja Kumari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta Campus, Patna, 801106, India
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta Campus, Patna, 801106, India
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta Campus, Patna, 801106, India
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
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24
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Gao H, Wang Z, Cao J, Lin YC, Ling X. Advancing Nanoelectronics Applications: Progress in Non-van der Waals 2D Materials. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16343-16358. [PMID: 38899467 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Extending the inventory of two-dimensional (2D) materials remains highly desirable, given their excellent properties and wide applications. Current studies on 2D materials mainly focus on the van der Waals (vdW) materials since the discovery of graphene, where properties of atomically thin layers have been found to be distinct from their bulk counterparts. Beyond vdW materials, there are abundant non-vdW materials that can also be thinned down to 2D forms, which are still in their early stage of exploration. In this review, we focus on the downscaling of non-vdW materials into 2D forms to enrich the 2D materials family. This underexplored group of 2D materials could show potential promise in many areas such as electronics, optics, and magnetics, as has happened in the vdW 2D materials. Hereby, we will focus our discussion on their electronic properties and applications of them. We aim to motivate and inspire fellow researchers in the 2D materials community to contribute to the development of 2D materials beyond the widely studied vdW layered materials for electronic device applications. We also give our insights into the challenges and opportunities to guide researchers who are desirous of working in this promising research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Zifan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Yuxuan Cosmi Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University 575 Ross Street, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xi Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University 15 St Mary's Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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25
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Choi H, Song YE, Park D, Park C, Park BK, Son SU, Lim J, Chung TM. Germanium and Tin Precursors for Chalcogenide Materials Containing N-Alkoxy Thioamide Ligands. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:28707-28714. [PMID: 38973851 PMCID: PMC11223241 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This study describes the synthesis of germanium and tin complexes Ge(mdpaS)2 (1), Ge(edpaS)2 (2), Ge(bdpaS)2 (3), Ge(empaS)2 (4), Sn(mdpaS)2 (5), Sn(edpaS)2 (6), Sn(bdpaS)2 (7), and Sn(empaS)2 (8) (mdpaSH = (Z)-N-methoxy-2,2-dimethylpropanimidothioic acid; edpaSH = (Z)-N-ethoxy-2,2-dimethylpropanimidothioic acid; bdpaSH = (Z)-N-(tert-butoxy)-2,2-dimethylpropanimidothioic acid; empaSH = (Z)-N-ethoxy-2-methylpropanimidothioic acid), using newly designed N-alkoxy thioamide ligands as precursors for metal chalcogenide materials. All complexes were characterized using various analytical techniques, and the single-crystal structures of complexes 5 and 7 revealed a distorted seesaw geometry in the monomeric SnL2 form. Thermogravimetric (TG) curves showed differences between Ge compounds, which exhibited single-step weight losses, and Sn compounds, which exhibited multistep weight losses. As a result, we suggest that the synthesized complexes 1-8 are potential precursors for group IV metal chalcogenide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heenang Choi
- Thin
Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro,
Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Young Eun Song
- Thin
Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemical Convergence Materials, University
of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Dongseong Park
- Thin
Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanwoo Park
- Thin
Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Keun Park
- Thin
Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemical Convergence Materials, University
of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
| | - Seung Uk Son
- Department
of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro,
Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jongsun Lim
- Thin
Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Mo Chung
- Thin
Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemical Convergence Materials, University
of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic
of Korea
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26
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Liu C, Liu T, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Zhang G, Wang E, Liu K. Understanding epitaxial growth of two-dimensional materials and their homostructures. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:907-918. [PMID: 38987649 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The exceptional physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials have been extensively researched, driving advances in material synthesis. Epitaxial growth, a prominent synthesis strategy, enables the production of large-area, high-quality 2D films compatible with advanced integrated circuits. Typical 2D single crystals, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides and hexagonal boron nitride, have been epitaxially grown at a wafer scale. A systematic summary is required to offer strategic guidance for the epitaxy of emerging 2D materials. Here we focus on the epitaxy methodologies for 2D vdW materials in two directions: the growth of in-plane single-crystal monolayers and the fabrication of out-of-plane homostructures. We first discuss nucleation control of a single domain and orientation control over multiple domains to achieve large-scale single-crystal monolayers. We analyse the defect levels and measures of crystalline quality of typical 2D vdW materials with various epitaxial growth techniques. We then outline technical routes for the growth of homogeneous multilayers and twisted homostructures. We further summarize the current strategies to guide future efforts in optimizing on-demand fabrication of 2D vdW materials, as well as subsequent device manufacturing for their industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Quantum Technology Finland Centre of Excellence, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Enge Wang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, China
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan, China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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27
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Bae G, Cho H, Hong BH. A review on synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots (GQDs). NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:372001. [PMID: 38853586 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad55d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A new type of 0-dimensional carbon-based materials called graphene quantum dots (GQDs) is gaining significant attention as a non-toxic and eco-friendly nanomaterial. GQDs are nanomaterials composed of sp2hybridized carbon domains and functional groups, with their lateral size less than 10 nm. The unique and exceptional physical, chemical, and optical properties arising from the combination of graphene structure and quantum confinement effect due to their nano-size make GQDs more intriguing than other nanomaterials. Particularly, the low toxicity and high solubility derived from the carbon core and abundant edge functional groups offer significant advantages for the application of GQDs in the biomedical field. In this review, we summarize various synthetic methods for preparing GQDs and important factors influencing the physical, chemical, optical, and biological properties of GQDs. Furthermore, the recent application of GQDs in the biomedical field, including biosensor, bioimaging, drug delivery, and therapeutics are discussed. Through this, we provide a brief insight on the tremendous potential of GQDs in biomedical applications and the challenges that need to be overcome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaeun Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwoo Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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28
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Wang K, Choyal S, Schultz JF, McKenzie J, Li L, Liu X, Jiang N. Borophene: Synthesis, Chemistry, and Electronic Properties. Chempluschem 2024:e202400333. [PMID: 39031807 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
As a neighbor of carbon in the periodic table, boron exhibits versatile structural and electronic configurations, with its allotropes predicted to possess intriguing structures and properties. Since the experimental realization of two-dimensional (2D) boron sheets (borophene) on Ag(111) substrates in 2015, the experimental study of the realization and characteristics of borophene has drawn increasing interest. In this review, we summarize the synthesis and properties of borophene, which are mainly based on experimental results. First, the synthesis of borophene on different substrates, as well as borophane and bilayer borophene, featuring unique phases and properties, are discussed. Next, the chemistry of borophene, such as oxidation, hydrogenation, and its integration into heterostructures with other materials, is summarized. We also mention a few works focused on the physical properties of borophene, specifically its electronic properties. Lastly, the brief outlook addresses challenges toward practical applications of borophene and possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Shilpa Choyal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Jeremy F Schultz
- Nanoscale Device Characterization Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - James McKenzie
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Stavropoulos Center for Complex Quantum Matter, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Linfei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Stavropoulos Center for Complex Quantum Matter, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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29
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Wang K, Sun X, Cheng S, Cheng Y, Huang K, Liu R, Yuan H, Li W, Liang F, Yang Y, Yang F, Zheng K, Liang Z, Tu C, Liu M, Ma M, Ge Y, Jian M, Yin W, Qi Y, Liu Z. Multispecies-coadsorption-induced rapid preparation of graphene glass fiber fabric and applications in flexible pressure sensor. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5040. [PMID: 38866786 PMCID: PMC11169262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Direct chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of graphene on dielectric/insulating materials is a promising strategy for subsequent transfer-free applications of graphene. However, graphene growth on noncatalytic substrates is faced with thorny issues, especially the limited growth rate, which severely hinders mass production and practical applications. Herein, graphene glass fiber fabric (GGFF) is developed by graphene CVD growth on glass fiber fabric. Dichloromethane is applied as a carbon precursor to accelerate graphene growth, which has a low decomposition energy barrier, and more importantly, the produced high-electronegativity Cl radical can enhance adsorption of active carbon species by Cl-CH2 coadsorption and facilitate H detachment from graphene edges. Consequently, the growth rate is increased by ~3 orders of magnitude and carbon utilization by ~960-fold, compared with conventional methane precursor. The advantageous hierarchical conductive configuration of lightweight, flexible GGFF makes it an ultrasensitive pressure sensor for human motion and physiological monitoring, such as pulse and vocal signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiucai Sun
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Shuting Cheng
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kewen Huang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruojuan Liu
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Fushun Liang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Yuyao Yang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Kangyi Zheng
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Liang
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ce Tu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Mengxiong Liu
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Ma
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Yunsong Ge
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanjian Yin
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China.
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Centre for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, China.
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Pham PV, Mai TH, Dash SP, Biju V, Chueh YL, Jariwala D, Tung V. Transfer of 2D Films: From Imperfection to Perfection. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14841-14876. [PMID: 38810109 PMCID: PMC11171780 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Atomically thin 2D films and their van der Waals heterostructures have demonstrated immense potential for breakthroughs and innovations in science and technology. Integrating 2D films into electronics and optoelectronics devices and their applications in electronics and optoelectronics can lead to improve device efficiencies and tunability. Consequently, there has been steady progress in large-area 2D films for both front- and back-end technologies, with a keen interest in optimizing different growth and synthetic techniques. Parallelly, a significant amount of attention has been directed toward efficient transfer techniques of 2D films on different substrates. Current methods for synthesizing 2D films often involve high-temperature synthesis, precursors, and growth stimulants with highly chemical reactivity. This limitation hinders the widespread applications of 2D films. As a result, reports concerning transfer strategies of 2D films from bare substrates to target substrates have proliferated, showcasing varying degrees of cleanliness, surface damage, and material uniformity. This review aims to evaluate, discuss, and provide an overview of the most advanced transfer methods to date, encompassing wet, dry, and quasi-dry transfer methods. The processes, mechanisms, and pros and cons of each transfer method are critically summarized. Furthermore, we discuss the feasibility of these 2D film transfer methods, concerning their applications in devices and various technology platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong V. Pham
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - The-Hung Mai
- Department
of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Saroj P. Dash
- Department
of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers
University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Vasudevanpillai Biju
- Research
Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido
University, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department
of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University
of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Vincent Tung
- Department
of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Sree BK, Kumar N, Singh S. Reproductive toxicity perspectives of nanoparticles: an update. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae077. [PMID: 38939724 PMCID: PMC11200103 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapid development of nanotechnologies with their widespread prosperities has advanced concerns regarding potential health hazards of the Nanoparticles. RESULTS Nanoparticles are currently present in several consumer products, including medications, food, textiles, sports equipment, and electrical components. Despite the advantages of Nanoparticles, their potential toxicity has negative impact on human health, particularly on reproductive health. CONCLUSIONS The impact of various NPs on reproductive system function is yet to be determined. Additional research is required to study the potential toxicity of various Nanoparticles on reproductive health. The primary objective of this review is to unravel the toxic effects of different Nanoparticles on the human reproductive functions and recent investigations on the reproductive toxicity of Nanoparticles both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kavya Sree
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar 844102, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar 844102, India
| | - Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial Area Hajipur, Vaishali, Hajipur, Bihar 844102, India
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32
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Hossain F, Hossain S, Jyoti MS, Omori Y, Tokumoto T. Establishment of a steroid binding assay for goldfish membrane progesterone receptor (mPR) by coupling with graphene quantum dots (GQDs). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1331-1339. [PMID: 38329580 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
A homogeneous assay was developed to evaluate ligands that target the membrane progesterone receptor alpha (mPRα) of goldfish. This was achieved by employing graphene quantum dots (GQDs), a type of semiconductor nanoparticle conjugated to the goldfish mPRα. When progesterone-BSA-fluorescein isothiocyanate (P4-BSA-FITC) was combined with the other agents, fluorescence was observed through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). However, this fluorescence was quenched by binding between the ligand and receptor. This established method demonstrated the ligand selectivity of the mPRα protein. Then, the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris was used to express the goldfish mPRα (GmPRα) protein. The recombinant purified GmPRα protein was coupled with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) to generate GQD-conjugated goldfish mPRα (GQD-GmPRα). Fluorescence at a wavelength of 520 nm was observed through FRET upon the combination of P4-BSA-FITC and subsequent activation by ultraviolet (UV) light. Adding free P4 to the reaction mixture resulted in a decrease in fluorescence intensity at a wavelength of 520 nm. The fluorescence was reduced by the administration of GmPRα ligands but not by steroids that do not interact with GmPRα. The findings indicated that the interaction between the ligand and receptor led to the formation of a complex involving GQD-GmPRα and P4-BSA-FITC. The interaction between the compounds and GQD-GmPRα was additionally validated by a binding experiment that employed the radiolabeled natural ligand [3H]-17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one. We established a ligand-binding assay for the fish membrane progesterone receptor that is applicable for screening compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forhad Hossain
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Shakhawat Hossain
- Biological Science Course, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Maisum Sarwar Jyoti
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Yuki Omori
- Biological Science Course, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Tokumoto
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, National University Corporation Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
- Biological Science Course, Department of Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-Ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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Wang X, Qiao R, Lu H, He W, Liu Y, Zhou T, Wan D, Wang Q, Liu Y, Guo W. 2D Memory Selectors with Giant Nonlinearity Enabled by Van der Waals Heterostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310158. [PMID: 38573962 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The integration of one-selector-one-resistor crossbar arrays requires the selectors featured with high nonlinearity and bipolarity to prevent leakage currents and any crosstalk among distinct cells. However, a selector with sufficient nonlinearity especially in the frame of device miniaturization remains scarce, restricting the advance of high-density storage devices. Herein, a high-performance memory selector is reported by constructing a graphene/hBN/WSe2 heterostructure. Within the temperature range of 300-80 K, the nonlinearity of this selector varies from ≈103 - ≈104 under forward bias, and increases from ≈300 - ≈105 under reverse bias, the highest reported nonlinearity among 2D selectors. This improvement is ascribed to direct tunneling at low bias and Fowler-Nordheim tunneling at high bias. The tunneling current versus voltage curves exhibit excellent bipolarity behavior because of the comparable hole and electron tunneling barriers, and the charge transport polarity can be effectively tuned from N-type or P-type to bipolar by simply changing source-drain bias. In addition, the conceptual memory selector exhibits no sign of deterioration after 70 000 switching cycles, paving the way for assembling 2D selectors into modern memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Ruixi Qiao
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Huan Lu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Weiwei He
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Dongyang Wan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
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Yue Y, Zhang D, Wang P, Xia X, Wu X, Zhang Y, Mei J, Li S, Li M, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wei X, Liu H, Zhou W. Large-Area Flexible Carbon Nanofilms with Synergistically Enhanced Transmittance and Conductivity Prepared by Reorganizing Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313971. [PMID: 38573651 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Large-area flexible transparent conductive films (TCFs) are highly desired for future electronic devices. Nanocarbon TCFs are one of the most promising candidates, but some of their properties are mutually restricted. Here, a novel carbon nanotube network reorganization (CNNR) strategy, that is, the facet-driven CNNR (FD-CNNR) technique, is presented to overcome this intractable contradiction. The FD-CNNR technique introduces an interaction between single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) and Cu─-O. Based on the unique FD-CNNR mechanism, large-area flexible reorganized carbon nanofilms (RNC-TCFs) are designed and fabricated with A3-size and even meter-length, including reorganized SWNT (RSWNT) films and graphene and RSWNT (G-RSWNT) hybrid films. Synergistic improvement in strength, transmittance, and conductivity of flexible RNC-TCFs is achieved. The G-RSWNT TCF shows sheet resistance as low as 69 Ω sq-1 at 86% transmittance, FOM value of 35, and Young's modulus of ≈45 MPa. The high strength enables RNC-TCFs to be freestanding on water and easily transferred to any target substrate without contamination. A4-size flexible smart window is fabricated, which manifests controllable dimming and fog removal. The FD-CNNR technique can be extended to large-area or even large-scale fabrication of TCFs and can provide new insights into the design of TCFs and other functional films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pengyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaogang Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuejuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaoqing Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Xiaojun Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Weiya Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences and College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials and Structure Research, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
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Madampadi R, Patel AB, Vinod CP, Gupta R, Jagadeesan D. Facile synthesis of nanostructured Ni/NiO/N-doped graphene electrocatalysts for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2813-2822. [PMID: 38817428 PMCID: PMC11134270 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00141a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalysts containing a Ni/NiO/N-doped graphene interface have been synthesised using the ligand-assisted chemical vapor deposition technique. NiO nanoparticles were used as the substrate to grow N-doped graphene by decomposing vapours of benzene and N-containing ligands. The method was demonstrated with two nitrogen-containing ligands, namely dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile (L) and melamine (M). The structure and composition of the as-synthesized composites were characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, TEM and XPS. The composite prepared using the ligand L had NiO sandwiched between Ni and N-doped graphene and showed an overpotential of 292 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 45.41 mV dec-1 for the OER, which is comparable to the existing noble metal catalysts. The composite prepared using the ligand M had Ni encapsulated by N-doped graphene without NiO. It showed an overpotential of 390 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 78.9 mV dec-1. The ligand-assisted CVD route demonstrates a facile route to control the microstructure of the electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Madampadi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad Kerala 678 623 India
| | - Avit Bhogilal Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
| | - C P Vinod
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Ritu Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Jodhpur 342037 India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Dinesh Jagadeesan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad Kerala 678 623 India
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36
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Supasai W, Siritaratiwat A, Srichan C, Suwanarat S, Amorntep N, Wannaprapa M, Jutong N, Chaisakul P, Wiangwiset T, Narkglom S, Keokhoungning T, Surawanitkun C. Enhancing modulation performance by design of hybrid plasmonic optical modulator integrating multi-layer graphene and TiO 2on silicon waveguides. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:315201. [PMID: 38758958 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad43f2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
A novel way to enhance modulation performance is through the design of a hybrid plasmonic optical modulator that integrates multi-layer graphene and TiO2on silicon waveguides. In this article, a design is presented of a proposed modulator based on the use of the two-dimensional finite difference eigenmode solver, the three-dimensional eigenmode expansion solver, and the CHARGE solver. Leveraging inherent graphene properties and utilizing the subwavelength confinement capabilities of hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWs), we achieved a modulator design that is both compact and highly efficient. The electrical bandwidthf3dBis at 460.42 GHz and it reduces energy consumption to 12.17 fJ/bit with a modulator that functions at a wavelength of 1.55μm. According to our simulation results, our innovation was the optimization of the third dielectric layer's thickness, setting the stage to achieve greater modulation depths. This synergy between graphene and HPWs not only augments subwavelength confinement, but also optimizes light-graphene interaction, culminating in a markedly enhanced modulation efficiency. As a result, our modulator presents a high extinction ratio and minimized insertion loss. Furthermore, it exhibits polarization insensitivity and a greater bandwidth. Our work sets a new benchmark in optical communication systems, emphasizing the potential for the next generation of chip-scale with high-efficiency optical modulators that significantly outpace conventional graphene-based designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisut Supasai
- Center of Multidisciplinary Innovation Network Talent (MINT Center), Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Technology and Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Nong Khai Campus, Nong Khai 43000, Thailand
| | - Apirat Siritaratiwat
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chavis Srichan
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Suksan Suwanarat
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Ramkhamheang University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Narong Amorntep
- Faculty of Science, Department of Electronics Technology, Ramkhamheang University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Mongkol Wannaprapa
- Faculty of Science, Department of Electronics Technology, Ramkhamheang University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Nuttachai Jutong
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Papichaya Chaisakul
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Thalerngsak Wiangwiset
- Central Maintenance Sector, National Telecom Public Company Limited, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand
| | - Sorawit Narkglom
- Faculty of Industrial Technology, Chitralada Technology Institute, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | | | - Chayada Surawanitkun
- Center of Multidisciplinary Innovation Network Talent (MINT Center), Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Technology and Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Nong Khai Campus, Nong Khai 43000, Thailand
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37
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Kim J, Moon D, Kim H, van der Zande AM, Lee GH. Ultrathin and Deformable Graphene Etch Mask for Fabrication of 3D Microstructures. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12325-12332. [PMID: 38686926 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication techniques play a crucial role across various research fields. These techniques enable the creation of functional 3D structures on the microscale, unlocking possibilities for diverse applications. However, conventional fabrication methods have limits in producing complex 3D structures, which require numerous fabrication steps that increase the costs. Graphene is an atomically thin material known for its deformability and impermeability to small gases and molecules, including reactive gases like XeF2. These features make graphene a potential candidate as an etch mask for 3D microfabrication. Here, we report the fabrication of various 3D microstructures using graphene etch masks directly grown and patterned on a Si substrate. The patterned graphene deforms and wraps the etched structures, allowing for the fabrication of complicated 3D microstructures, such as mushroom-like and step-like microstructures. As a practical demonstration of the graphene etch mask, we fabricate an omniphobic surface of reentrant 3D structures on a Si substrate. Our work provides a method for fabricating complex 3D microstructures using a graphene etch mask, contributing to advancements in etching and fabrication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Donghoon Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Arend M van der Zande
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Gwan-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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38
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Zhou Z, Zhao K, Chi HY, Shen Y, Song S, Hsu KJ, Chevalier M, Shi W, Agrawal KV. Electrochemical-repaired porous graphene membranes for precise ion-ion separation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4006. [PMID: 38740849 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The preparation of atom-thick porous lattice hosting Å-scale pores is attractive to achieve a large ion-ion selectivity in combination with a large ion flux. Graphene film is an ideal selective layer for this if high-precision pores can be incorporated, however, it is challenging to avoid larger non-selective pores at the tail-end of the pore size distribution which reduces ion-ion selectivity. Herein, we develop a strategy to overcome this challenge using an electrochemical repair strategy that successfully masks larger pores in large-area graphene. 10-nm-thick electropolymerized conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) layer is successfully deposited on graphene, thanks to a strong π-π interaction in these two materials. While the CMP layer itself is not selective, it effectively masks graphene pores, leading to a large Li+/Mg2+ selectivity from zero-dimensional pores reaching 300 with a high Li+ ion permeation rate surpassing the performance of reported materials for ion-ion separation. Overall, this scalable repair strategy enables the fabrication of monolayer graphene membranes with customizable pore sizes, limiting the contribution of nonselective pores, and offering graphene membranes a versatile platform for a broad spectrum of challenging separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyao Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, P. R. China
| | - Kangning Zhao
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Heng-Yu Chi
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Yueqing Shen
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Shuqing Song
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Kuang-Jung Hsu
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Mojtaba Chevalier
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- Institute for New Energy Materials and Low Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Kumar Varoon Agrawal
- Laboratory of Advanced Separations (LAS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, CH-1950, Switzerland.
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39
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Liu H, Zhao J, Ly TH. Clean Transfer of Two-Dimensional Materials: A Comprehensive Review. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11573-11597. [PMID: 38655635 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The growth of two-dimensional (2D) materials through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has sparked a growing interest among both the industrial and academic communities. The interest stems from several key advantages associated with CVD, including high yield, high quality, and high tunability. In order to harness the application potentials of 2D materials, it is often necessary to transfer them from their growth substrates to their desired target substrates. However, conventional transfer methods introduce contamination that can adversely affect the quality and properties of the transferred 2D materials, thus limiting their overall application performance. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the current clean transfer methods for 2D materials with a specific focus on the understanding of interaction between supporting layers and 2D materials. The review encompasses various aspects, including clean transfer methods, post-transfer cleaning techniques, and cleanliness assessment. Furthermore, it analyzes and compares the advances and limitations of these clean transfer techniques. Finally, the review highlights the primary challenges associated with current clean transfer methods and provides an outlook on future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Super-Diamond & Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jiong Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Thuc Hue Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Super-Diamond & Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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40
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Qing F, Guo X, Hou Y, Ning C, Wang Q, Li X. Toward the Production of Super Graphene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2310678. [PMID: 38708801 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The quality requirements of graphene depend on the applications. Some have a high tolerance for graphene quality and even require some defects, while others require graphene as perfect as possible to achieve good performance. So far, synthesis of large-area graphene films by chemical vapor deposition of carbon precursors on metal substrates, especially on Cu, remains the main way to produce high-quality graphene, which has been significantly developed in the past 15 years. However, although many prototypes are demonstrated, their performance is still more or less far from the theoretical property limit of graphene. This review focuses on how to make super graphene, namely graphene with a perfect structure and free of contaminations. More specially, this study focuses on graphene synthesis on Cu substrates. Typical defects in graphene are first discussed together with the formation mechanisms and how they are characterized normally, followed with a brief review of graphene properties and the effects of defects. Then, the synthesis progress of super graphene from the aspects of substrate, grain size, wrinkles, contamination, adlayers, and point defects are reviewed. Graphene transfer is briefly discussed as well. Finally, the challenges to make super graphene are discussed and a strategy is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhu Qing
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering (Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Xiaomeng Guo
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering (Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yuting Hou
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering (Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Congcong Ning
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering (Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Qisong Wang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering (Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering (Exemplary School of Microelectronics), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518110, China
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41
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Dong W, Dai Z, Liu L, Zhang Z. Toward Clean 2D Materials and Devices: Recent Progress in Transfer and Cleaning Methods. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303014. [PMID: 38049925 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have tremendous potential to revolutionize the field of electronics and photonics. Unlocking such potential, however, is hampered by the presence of contaminants that usually impede the performance of 2D materials in devices. This perspective provides an overview of recent efforts to develop clean 2D materials and devices. It begins by discussing conventional and recently developed wet and dry transfer techniques and their effectiveness in maintaining material "cleanliness". Multi-scale methodologies for assessing the cleanliness of 2D material surfaces and interfaces are then reviewed. Finally, recent advances in passive and active cleaning strategies are presented, including the unique self-cleaning mechanism, thermal annealing, and mechanical treatment that rely on self-cleaning in essence. The crucial role of interface wetting in these methods is emphasized, and it is hoped that this understanding can inspire further extension and innovation of efficient transfer and cleaning of 2D materials for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhaohe Dai
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luqi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
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42
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Zhu Y, Shi Z, Zhao Y, Bu S, Hu Z, Liao J, Lu Q, Zhou C, Guo B, Shang M, Li F, Xu Z, Zhang J, Xie Q, Li C, Sun P, Mao B, Zhang X, Liu Z, Lin L. Recent trends in the transfer of graphene films. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7862-7873. [PMID: 38568087 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05626k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed advances in chemical vapor deposition growth of graphene films on metal foils with fine scalability and thickness controllability. However, challenges for obtaining wrinkle-free, defect-free and large-area uniformity remain to be tackled. In addition, the real commercial applications of graphene films still require industrially compatible transfer techniques with reliable performance of transferred graphene, excellent production capacity, and suitable cost. Transferred graphene films, particularly with a large area, still suffer from the presence of transfer-related cracks, wrinkles and contaminants, which would strongly deteriorate the quality and uniformity of transferred graphene films. Potential applications of graphene films include moisture barrier films, transparent conductive films, electromagnetic shielding films, and optical communications; such applications call different requirements for the performance of transferred graphene, which, in turn, determine the suitable transfer techniques. Besides the reliable transfer process, automatic machines should be well developed for the future batch transfer of graphene films, ensuring the repeatability and scalability. This mini-review provides a summary of recent advances in the transfer of graphene films and offers a perspective for future directions of transfer techniques that are compatible for industrial batch transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuofeng Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
| | - Yixuan Zhao
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Saiyu Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoning Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
| | - Junhao Liao
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Chaofan Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
| | - Bingbing Guo
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
| | - Mingpeng Shang
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhiying Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, P. R. China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, P. R. China
| | - Qin Xie
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chunhu Li
- Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, P. R. China
| | - Pengzhan Sun
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials, Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China
| | - Boyang Mao
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, U.K
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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43
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Wu Y, Li Y, Zhang X. The Future of Graphene: Preparation from Biomass Waste and Sports Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:1825. [PMID: 38675644 PMCID: PMC11053808 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, the main raw material for producing graphene is graphite ore. However, researchers actively seek alternative resources due to their high cost and environmental problems. Biomass waste has attracted much attention due to its carbon-rich structure and renewability, emerging as a potential raw material for graphene production to be used in sports equipment. However, further progress is required on the quality of graphene produced from waste biomass. This paper, therefore, summarizes the properties, structures, and production processes of graphene and its derivatives, as well as the inherent advantages of biomass waste-derived graphene. Finally, this paper reviews graphene's importance and application prospects in sports since this wonder material has made sports equipment available with high-strength and lightweight quality. Moreover, its outstanding thermal and electrical conductivity is exploited to prepare wearable sensors to collect more accurate sports data, thus helping to improve athletes' training levels and competitive performance. Although the large-scale production of biomass waste-derived graphene has yet to be realized, it is expected that its application will expand to various other fields due to the associated low cost and environmental friendliness of the preparation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Wu
- Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150008, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Yanlong Li
- Academic Theory Research Department, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150008, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150008, China; (Y.W.)
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44
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Kumar S, Dehm S, Krupke R. On the mechanism of piezoresistance in nanocrystalline graphite. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 15:376-384. [PMID: 38633765 PMCID: PMC11022366 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.15.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Strain sensors are sensitive to mechanical deformations and enable the detection of strain also within integrated electronics. For flexible displays, the use of a seamlessly integrated strain sensor would be beneficial, and graphene is already in use as a transparent and flexible conductor. However, graphene intrinsically lacks a strong response, and only by engineering defects, such as grain boundaries, one can induce piezoresistivity. Nanocrystalline graphene (NCG), a derivative form of graphene, exhibits a high density of defects in the form of grain boundaries. It holds an advantage over graphene in easily achieving wafer-scale growth with controlled thickness. In this study, we explore the piezoresistivity in thin films of nanocrystalline graphite. Simultaneous measurements of sheet resistance and externally applied strain on NCG placed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates provide intriguing insights into the underlying mechanism. Raman measurements, in conjunction with strain applied to NCG grown on flexible glass, indicate that the strain is concentrated at the grain boundaries for smaller strain values. For larger strains, mechanisms such as grain rotation and the formation of nanocracks might contribute to the piezoresistive behavior in nanocrystalline graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Simone Dehm
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ralph Krupke
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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45
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Panneerselvam V, Sathian SP. Thermal transport in a defective pillared graphene network: insights from equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10650-10659. [PMID: 38511499 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00147h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Graphene-based hybrid nanostructures have great potential to be ideal candidates for developing tailored thermal transport materials. In this study, we perform equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations employing the Green-Kubo method to investigate the influence of topological defects in three-dimensional pillared graphene networks. Similar to single-layer graphene and carbon nanotubes, the thermal conductivity (k) of pillared graphene systems exhibits a strong correlation with the system size (L), following a power-law relation k ∼ Lα, where α ranges from 0.12 to 0.15. Our results indicate that the vacancy defects significantly reduce thermal conductivity in pillared graphene systems compared to Stone-Wales defects. We observe that, beyond defect concentration, the location of the defects also plays a crucial role in determining thermal conductivity. We further analyze the phonon vibrational spectrum and the phonon participation ratio to obtain more insight into the thermal transport in the defective pillared graphene network. In most scenarios, longitudinal and flexural acoustic phonons experience significant localization within the 15-45 THz frequency range in the defective pillared graphene system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekkumar Panneerselvam
- Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.
| | - Sarith P Sathian
- Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.
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46
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Xue J, Liu D, Li D, Hong T, Li C, Zhu Z, Sun Y, Gao X, Guo L, Shen X, Ma P, Zheng Q. New Carbon Materials for Multifunctional Soft Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312596. [PMID: 38490737 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Soft electronics are garnering significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications in artificial skin, health monitoring, human-machine interaction, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. Various soft physical sensors such as mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors are the fundamental building blocks for soft electronics. While the fast growth and widespread utilization of electronic devices have elevated life quality, the consequential electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiation pose potential threats to device precision and human health. Another substantial concern pertains to overheating issues that occur during prolonged operation. Therefore, the design of multifunctional soft electronics exhibiting excellent capabilities in sensing, EMI shielding, and thermal management is of paramount importance. Because of the prominent advantages in chemical stability, electrical and thermal conductivity, and easy functionalization, new carbon materials including carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives, graphdiyne, and sustainable natural-biomass-derived carbon are particularly promising candidates for multifunctional soft electronics. This review summarizes the latest advancements in multifunctional soft electronics based on new carbon materials across a range of performance aspects, mainly focusing on the structure or composite design, and fabrication method on the physical signals monitoring, EMI shielding, and thermal management. Furthermore, the device integration strategies and corresponding intriguing applications are highlighted. Finally, this review presents prospects aimed at overcoming current barriers and advancing the development of state-of-the-art multifunctional soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xue
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Da Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Tianzeng Hong
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Chuanbing Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Zifu Zhu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xiaobo Gao
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Qingbin Zheng
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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47
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Kim SI, Moon JY, Hyeong SK, Ghods S, Kim JS, Choi JH, Park DS, Bae S, Cho SH, Lee SK, Lee JH. Float-stacked graphene-PMMA laminate. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2172. [PMID: 38467601 PMCID: PMC10928174 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46502-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Semi-infinite single-atom-thick graphene is an ideal reinforcing material that can simultaneously improve the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of matrix. Here, we present a float-stacking strategy to accurately align the monolayer graphene reinforcement in polymer matrix. We float graphene-poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) membrane (GPM) at the water-air interface, and wind-up layer-by-layer by roller. During the stacking process, the inherent water meniscus continuously induces web tension of the GPM, suppressing wrinkle and folding generation. Moreover, rolling-up and hot-rolling mill process above the glass transition temperature of PMMA induces conformal contact between each layer. This allows for pre-tension of the composite, maximizing its reinforcing efficiency. The number and spacing of the embedded graphene fillers are precisely controlled. Notably, we accurately align 100 layers of monolayer graphene in a PMMA matrix with the same intervals to achieve a specific strength of about 118.5 MPa g-1 cm3, which is higher than that of lightweight Al alloy, and a thermal conductivity of about 4.00 W m-1 K-1, which is increased by about 2,000 %, compared to the PMMA film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Il Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63105, USA
| | - Ji-Yun Moon
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63105, USA
| | - Seok-Ki Hyeong
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Functional Composite Materials Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju, 55324, Korea
| | - Soheil Ghods
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Jin-Su Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Jun-Hui Choi
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Dong Seop Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Sukang Bae
- Functional Composite Materials Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju, 55324, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Cho
- A Development Team, Samsung Display, Asan, 31454, Korea.
| | - Seoung-Ki Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea.
- Functional Composite Materials Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju, 55324, Korea.
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48
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Lerttraikul K, Rattanasakuldilok W, Pakornchote T, Bovornratanaraks T, Klanurak I, Taychatanapat T, Srathongsian L, Seriwatanachai C, Kanjanaboos P, Chatraphorn S, Kittiwatanakul S. Metal-insulator transition effect on Graphene/VO[Formula: see text] heterostructure via temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and resistivity measurement. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4545. [PMID: 38402274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54844-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
High-quality VO[Formula: see text] films were fabricated on top of c-Al[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] substrates using Reactive Bias Target Ion Beam Deposition (RBTIBD) and the studies of graphene/VO[Formula: see text] heterostructure were conducted. Graphene layers were placed on top of [Formula: see text] 50 and [Formula: see text] 100 nm VO[Formula: see text]. The graphene layers were introduced using mechanical exfoliate and CVD graphene wet-transfer method to prevent the worsening crystallinity of VO[Formula: see text], to avoid the strain effect from lattice mismatch and to study how VO[Formula: see text] can affect the graphene layer. Slight increases in graphene/VO[Formula: see text] T[Formula: see text] compared to pure VO[Formula: see text] by [Formula: see text] 1.9 [Formula: see text]C and [Formula: see text] 3.8 [Formula: see text]C for CVD graphene on 100 and 50 nm VO[Formula: see text], respectively, were observed in temperature-dependent resistivity measurements. As the strain effect from lattice mismatch was minimized in our samples, the increase in T[Formula: see text] may originate from a large difference in the thermal conductivity between graphene and VO[Formula: see text]. Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy measurements were also performed on all samples, and the G-peak splitting into two peaks, G[Formula: see text] and G[Formula: see text], were observed on graphene/VO[Formula: see text] (100 nm) samples. The G-peak splitting is a reversible process and may originates from in-plane asymmetric tensile strain applied under the graphene layer due to the VO[Formula: see text] phase transition mechanism. The 2D-peak measurements also show large blue-shifts around 13 cm[Formula: see text] at room temperature and slightly red-shifts trend as temperature increases for 100 nm VO[Formula: see text] samples. Other electronic interactions between graphene and VO[Formula: see text] are expected as evidenced by 2D-peak characteristic observed in Raman measurements. These findings may provide a better understanding of graphene/VO[Formula: see text] and introduce some new applications that utilize the controllable structural properties of graphene via the VO[Formula: see text] phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittitat Lerttraikul
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wirunchana Rattanasakuldilok
- Department of Physics, Accelerator Laboratory, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35(YFL), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Teerachote Pakornchote
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thiti Bovornratanaraks
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Illias Klanurak
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thiti Taychatanapat
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Ladda Srathongsian
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Chaowaphat Seriwatanachai
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos
- School of Materials Science and Innovation, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sojiphong Chatraphorn
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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49
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Ghavipanjeh A, Sadeghzadeh S. Simulation and experimental evaluation of laser-induced graphene on the cellulose and lignin substrates. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4475. [PMID: 38395956 PMCID: PMC10891141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this article, the formation of laser-induced graphene on the two natural polymers, cellulose, and lignin, as precursors was investigated with molecular dynamics simulations and some experiments. These eco-friendly polymers provide significant industrial advantages due to their low cost, biodegradability, and recyclable aspects. It was discovered during the simulation that LIG has numerous defects and a porous structure. Carbon monoxide, H2, and water vapor are gases released by cellulose and lignin substrates. H2O and CO are released when the polymer transforms into an amorphous structure. Later on, as the amorphous structure changes into an ordered graphitic structure, H2 is released continuously. Since cellulose monomer has a higher mass proportion of oxygen (49%) than lignin monomer (29%), it emits more CO. The LIG structure contains many 5- and 7-carbon rings, which cause the structure to have bends and undulations that go out of the plane. In addition, to verify the molecular dynamics simulation results with experimental tests, we used a carbon dioxide laser to transform filter paper, as a cellulose material, and coconut shell, as a lignin material, into graphene. Surprisingly, empirical experiments confirmed the simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ghavipanjeh
- School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Sadeghzadeh
- School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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50
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Singh R, Gupta R, Bansal D, Bhateria R, Sharma M. A Review on Recent Trends and Future Developments in Electrochemical Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7336-7356. [PMID: 38405479 PMCID: PMC10882602 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical methods and devices have ignited prodigious interest for sensing and monitoring. The greatest challenge for science is far from meeting the expectations of consumers. Electrodes made of two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, metal-organic frameworks, MXene, and transition metal dichalcogenides as well as alternative electrochemical sensing methods offer potential to improve selectivity, sensitivity, detection limit, and response time. Moreover, these advancements have accelerated the development of wearable and point-of-care electrochemical sensors, opening new possibilities and pathways for their applications. This Review presents a critical discussion of the recent developments and trends in electrochemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimmy Singh
- Department of Applied Science & Humanities, DPG Institute of Technology and Management, Gurugram 122004, India
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | | | - Rachna Bhateria
- Department of Environmental Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Mona Sharma
- Department of Environmental Studies, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
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