1
|
Wang S, Yang L, Bai G, Gu Y, Fan Q, Guan X, Yuan J, Liu J. A preliminary study on calcifying nanoparticles in dental plaque: Isolation, characterization, and potential mineralization mechanism. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e885. [PMID: 38798048 PMCID: PMC11128756 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), referred to as nanobacteria (NB), are recognized to be associated with ectopic calcification. This study aims to isolate and culture CNPs from the dental plaque of patients with periodontal disease and investigate their possible role in unravelling the aetiology of periodontal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Supragingival and subgingival plaques were sampled from 30 periodontitis patients for CNPs isolation and culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content changes were tracked over time. Positive samples underwent thorough morphological identification via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Alizarin red S (ARS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition of CNPs analysis involved calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). RESULTS The subgingival plaque dental group exhibited a higher CNPs isolation rate at 36.67% (11/30) compared to the supragingival dental plaque group at 66.67% (20/30). ALP activity varied among the positive, negative and control groups. Morphological observation characterized the CNPs as round, oval, and ellipsoid particles with Ca deposits. Chemical analysis revealed the Ca/P ratio was 0.6753. Hydroxyl, methyl, carbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate were detected by FTIR; the main chemical components detected by XRD were hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate. CONCLUSION CNPs were found in periodontitis-related dental plaque and exhibited the potential to develop calcified structures resembling dental calculus. However, the potential involvement of ALP in CNPs formation requires deeper exploration, as does the precise nature of its role and the interrelation with periodontitis demand a further comprehensive investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Wang
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological HospitalZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological HospitalZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Guohui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease of Higher Schools in Guizhou ProvinceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of StomatologyZunyi Medical UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Qin Fan
- Department of Dental Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological HospitalZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological HospitalZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Pain MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease of Higher Schools in Guizhou ProvinceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang Q, Dai H, Wang B, Xu J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Ma Q, Xu F, Cheng H, Sun D, Wang C. Nanoplastics Shape Adaptive Anticancer Immunity in the Colon in Mice. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3516-3523. [PMID: 37043775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The impact of nanoplastics (NPs) on human health is still not well understood, and more research is needed to better understand the risks associated with these particles. In this study, we found that oral administration of polyethylene (PE) NPs in a mice model significantly disrupted the intestinal microenvironment, which shapes adaptive immune response and favors the established in situ colorectal tumor growth. Using single-cell RNA sequencing technology, we show that NPs triggered colon IL-1β-producing macrophages by inducing lysosome damage, leading to colonic Treg and Th17 differentiation associated with T cell exhaustion, which creates a colon environment that favors the tumor initiation and progress. A similar effect is also observed in polystyrene NPs. Our result provides insight into the potential link between NPs ingestion and colon tumorigenesis, and the urgency of addressing plastic pollution worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Huaxing Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Beilei Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jialu Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yitong Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qingle Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Haibo Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Q, Dai H, Cheng Y, Wang B, Xu J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Xu F, Ma Q, Lin F, Wang C. Oral feeding of nanoplastics affects brain function of mice by inducing macrophage IL-1 signal in the intestine. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112346. [PMID: 37022934 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) as contaminants in food and water have drawn increasing public attention. However, little is known about how NPs shape the gut immune landscape after injection. In this study, we fabricate NPs (∼500 nm) and microplastics (MPs) (∼2 μm) and evaluate their in vivo effects by feeding them to mice. The results suggest that NPs show a better ability to induce gut macrophage activation than MPs. In addition, NPs trigger gut interleukin-1 (IL-1)-producing macrophage reprogramming via inducing lysosomal damage. More importantly, IL-1 signaling from the intestine can affect brain immunity, leading to microglial activation and Th17 differentiation, all of which correlates with a decline in cognitive and short-term memory in NP-fed mice. Thus, this study provides insight into the mechanism of action of the gut-brain axis, delineates the way NPs reduce brain function, and highlights the importance of fixing the plastic pollution problem worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Huaxing Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Beilei Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jialu Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yitong Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qingle Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fang Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Microbiota-induced active translocation of peptidoglycan across the intestinal barrier dictates its within-host dissemination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2209936120. [PMID: 36669110 PMCID: PMC9942837 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209936120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptidoglycan, the major structural polymer forming the cell wall of bacteria, is an important mediator of physiological and behavioral effects in mammalian hosts. These effects are frequently linked to its translocation from the intestinal lumen to host tissues. However, the modality and regulation of this translocation across the gut barrier has not been precisely addressed. In this study, we characterized the absorption of peptidoglycan across the intestine and its systemic dissemination. We report that peptidoglycan has a distinct tropism for host organs when absorbed via the gut, most notably by favoring access to the brain. We demonstrate that intestinal translocation of peptidoglycan occurs through a microbiota-induced active process. This process is regulated by the parasympathetic pathway via the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Together, this study reveals fundamental parameters concerning the uptake of a major microbiota molecular signal from the steady-state gut.
Collapse
|
5
|
Saha A, Dreyfuss I, Sarfraz H, Friedman M, Markowitz J. Dietary Considerations for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are Useful for Treatment of Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:84. [PMID: 36612082 PMCID: PMC9817715 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint molecules are cell surface receptors on immune cells that mitigate excessive immune responses, but they have increased expression levels in cancer to facilitate immune escape. Checkpoint blockade therapies (e.g., anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, and anti-LAG-3 therapy, among others) have been developed for multiple cancers. Colitis associated with checkpoint blockade therapy has pathophysiological similarities to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Current therapeutic guidelines for checkpoint blockade-induced colitis include corticosteroids and, if the patient is refractory to steroids, immunomodulating antibodies, such as anti-TNF and anti-integrin agents. Interestingly, immunomodulatory molecules, such as TNFα, are upregulated in both IBD and checkpoint-mediated colitis. The inflammatory colitis toxicity symptoms from checkpoint blockade are similar to clinical symptoms experienced by patients with IBD. The pathophysiologic, dietary, and genetic factors associated with IBD will be reviewed. We will then explain how the principles developed for the treatment of IBD can be applied to patients experiencing inflammatory bowel toxicity secondary to checkpoint blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Saha
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Isabella Dreyfuss
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Humaira Sarfraz
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark Friedman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Joseph Markowitz
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Enax J, Meyer F, Schulze zur Wiesche E, Epple M. On the Application of Calcium Phosphate Micro- and Nanoparticles as Food Additive. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4075. [PMID: 36432359 PMCID: PMC9693044 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The human body needs calcium and phosphate as essential nutrients to grow bones and teeth, but they are also necessary for many other biochemical purposes (e.g., the biosynthesis of phospholipids, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, or DNA). The use of solid calcium phosphate in particle form as a food additive is reviewed and discussed in terms of bioavailability and its safety after ingestion. The fact that all calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, are soluble in the acidic environment of the stomach, regardless of the particle size or phase, means that they are present as dissolved ions after passing through the stomach. These dissolved ions cannot be distinguished from a mixture of calcium and phosphate ions that were ingested separately, e.g., from cheese or milk together with soft drinks or meat. Milk, including human breast milk, is a natural source of calcium and phosphate in which calcium phosphate is present as nanoscopic clusters (nanoparticles) inside casein (protein) micelles. It is concluded that calcium phosphates are generally safe as food additives, also in baby formula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Enax
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Frederic Meyer
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Erik Schulze zur Wiesche
- Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Research Department, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Hao H, Lin J, Ma Z, Li H, Nie Z, Cui Y, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Tang R. Conformation-Stabilized Amorphous Nanocoating for Rational Design of Long-Term Thermostable Viral Vaccines. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:39873-39884. [PMID: 36018064 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great potency of vaccines to combat infectious diseases, their global use is hindered by a lack of thermostability, which leads to a constant need for cold-chain storage. Here, aiming at long-term thermostability and eliminating cold-chain requirements of bioactive vaccines, we propose that efforts should focus on tailoring the conformational stability of vaccines. Accordingly, we design a nanocoating composed of histidine (His)-coordinated amorphous Zn and 2-methylimidazolate complex (His-aZn-mIM) on single nanoparticles of viral vaccines to introduce intramolecular coordinated linkage between viruses and the nanocoatings. The coordinated nanocoating enhances the rigidity of proteins and preserves the vaccine's activity. Importantly, integrating His into the original Zn-N coordinative environment symbiotically reinforces its tolerance to biological and hydrothermal solutions, resulting in the augmented thermostability following the Hofmeister effect. Thus, even after storage of His-aZn-mIM encapsulated Human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5@His-aZn-mIM) at 25 °C for 90 d, the potency loss of the coated Ad5 is less than 10%, while the native Ad5 becomes 100% ineffective within one month. Such a nanocoating gains thermostability by forming an ultrastable hydration shell, which prevents viral proteins from unfolding under the attack of hydration ions, providing a conformational stabilizer upon heat exposure. Our findings represent an easy-access biomimetic platform to address the long-term vaccine storage without the requirement of a cold chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibin Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiake Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zaiqiang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Huixin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zihao Nie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yihao Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhengxi Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kaneko K, Miyasaka R, Hayman R. Nano-hydroxyapatite improves intestinal absorption of acetazolamide (BCS Class IV drug)–but how? PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268067. [PMID: 35588130 PMCID: PMC9119549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We earlier reported that coating poorly water-soluble drugs with nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP) improves bioavailability after oral administration. In the present study, we coated BCS Class IV drug acetazolamide (AZ) with nano-HAP (AZ/HAP formulation), and investigated its bioavailability and nano-HAP’s role in promoting it. We tested AZ bioavailability after a single oral dose of the AZ/HAP formulation in rats, followed by a series of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo testing. The binding state of AZ and nano-HAP was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography. AZ permeability was studied using a Caco-2 cell monolayer assay kit, to test for tight junction penetration, then using an Ussing chamber mounted with intestinal epithelium, both with and without Peyer’s patch tissue, to examine the role of intracellular transport. Fluorescence-labeled nano-HAP particles were administered orally in rats to investigate their localization in the intestinal tract. The area under the blood concentration time-curve in rats was about 4 times higher in the AZ/HAP formulation group than in the untreated AZ group. Gel filtration analysis showed AZ and nano-HAP were not bound. The Caco-2 study showed equivalent AZ permeability for both groups, but without significant change in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), indicating that tight junctions were not penetrated. In the Ussing chamber study, no significant difference in AZ permeability between the two groups was observed for epithelium containing Peyer’s patch tissue, but for epithelium without Peyer’s patch tissue, at high concentration, significantly higher permeability in the AZ/HAP formulation group was observed. Fluorescent labeling showed nano-HAP particles were present in both intestinal villi and Peyer’s patch tissue 30 min after oral administration. Our results suggest that nano-HAP’s enhancement of drug permeability from the small intestine occurs not via tight junctions, but intracellularly, via the intestinal villi. Further study to elucidate the mechanism of this permeability enhancement is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kaneko
- Sangi Co., Ltd, Central Research Laboratory, Kasukabe, Saitama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ryosuke Miyasaka
- Sangi Co., Ltd, Central Research Laboratory, Kasukabe, Saitama, Japan
| | - Roslyn Hayman
- Sangi Co., Ltd, Central Research Laboratory, Kasukabe, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gelli R, Briccolani-Bandini L, Pagliai M, Cardini G, Ridi F, Baglioni P. Exploring the effect of Mg 2+ substitution on amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:444-453. [PMID: 34399361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The study of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) has become a hot topic due to its relevance in living organisms and as a material for biomedical applications. The preparation and characterization of Mg-substituted ACP nanoparticles (AMCP) with tunable Ca/Mg ratio is reported in the present study to address the effect of Mg2+ on their structure and stability. EXPERIMENTS AMCPs particles were synthesized by precipitation of the precursors from aqueous solutions. The particles were analyzed in terms of morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability, to get a complete overview of their physico-chemical characteristics. Computational methods were also employed to simulate the structure of ACP clusters at different levels of Mg2+ substitution. FINDINGS Our results demonstrate that AMCP particles with tunable composition and crystallinity can be obtained. The analysis of the heat-induced crystallization of AMCP shows that particles' stability depends on the degree of Mg2+ substitution in the cluster, as confirmed by computational analyses. The presented results shed light on the effect of Mg2+ on ACP features at different structural levels and may be useful guidelines for the preparation and design of AMCP particles with a specific Ca/Mg ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Gelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Briccolani-Bandini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Pagliai
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianni Cardini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Ridi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bastos PAD, Wheeler R, Boneca IG. Uptake, recognition and responses to peptidoglycan in the mammalian host. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:5902851. [PMID: 32897324 PMCID: PMC7794044 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota, and the plethora of signalling molecules that they generate, are a major driving force that underlies a striking range of inter-individual physioanatomic and behavioural consequences for the host organism. Among the bacterial effectors, one finds peptidoglycan, the major constituent of the bacterial cell surface. In the steady-state, fragments of peptidoglycan are constitutively liberated from bacterial members of the gut microbiota, cross the gut epithelial barrier and enter the host system. The fate of these peptidoglycan fragments, and the outcome for the host, depends on the molecular nature of the peptidoglycan, as well the cellular profile of the recipient tissue, mechanism of cell entry, the expression of specific processing and recognition mechanisms by the cell, and the local immune context. At the target level, physiological processes modulated by peptidoglycan are extremely diverse, ranging from immune activation to small molecule metabolism, autophagy and apoptosis. In this review, we bring together a fragmented body of literature on the kinetics and dynamics of peptidoglycan interactions with the mammalian host, explaining how peptidoglycan functions as a signalling molecule in the host under physiological conditions, how it disseminates within the host, and the cellular responses to peptidoglycan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A D Bastos
- Institut Pasteur, Biology and genetics of the bacterial cell wall Unit, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75724, France; CNRS, UMR 2001 "Microbiologie intégrative et moléculaire", Paris 75015, France.,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Richard Wheeler
- Institut Pasteur, Biology and genetics of the bacterial cell wall Unit, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75724, France; CNRS, UMR 2001 "Microbiologie intégrative et moléculaire", Paris 75015, France.,Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy, Institut Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard-Vaillant, Villejuif 94800, France; INSERM UMR 1015, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Ivo G Boneca
- Institut Pasteur, Biology and genetics of the bacterial cell wall Unit, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75724, France; CNRS, UMR 2001 "Microbiologie intégrative et moléculaire", Paris 75015, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fu Y, Wang L, Liu W, Yang L, Li L, Wang L, Sun X, Zhang ZR, Lin Q, Zhang L. OX40L blockade cellular nanovesicles for autoimmune diseases therapy. J Control Release 2021; 337:557-570. [PMID: 34371056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current clinical agents for autoimmunity disorders treatment often cause substantial adverse effects and safety concerns, owing to non-specific immune modulation. Due to the prominent contribution of effector T cells in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and preferential location of co-stimulatory receptor-ligand pair OX40-OX40L at the inflamed sites, selectively targeting autoaggressive T cells by blockade OX40-OX40L, might represent an alternative strategy. Herein, we developed a new strategy to antagonize OX40-OX40L interaction by engineering a cell membrane derived nanovesicles (NVs) expressing OX40 receptors (OX40 NVs), and explored their potential for autoimmune disorders therapy. OX40 NVs showed specific binding capability to inflamed HUVECs in vitro, it also possessed distinct arthritic-targeting capacity in RA inflamed joints, and preferential accumulation in IBD inflamed colon. OX40 NVs efficiently suppressed the progression of both RA and IBD diseases through reducing CD4+OX40+ T cells population, and proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α and IL-1β), while reinforcing Tregs immune-suppressive effect, with superior therapeutic efficacy than anti-OX40L. Additionally, dexamethasone (DEX) loading can further enhance the potential of OX40 NVs for RA treatment. Owing to their preferential localization to inflamed sites, and potent immune-suppression ability, targeting OX40-OX40L blockade by OX40 NVs for autoimmune therapy is highly promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 400715, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china
| | - Lan Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china
| | - Lin Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china
| | - Luyao Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china
| | - Zhi-Rong Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china
| | - Qing Lin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china.
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 640041, china.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gelli R, Tonelli M, Ridi F, Bonini M, Kwaambwa HM, Rennie AR, Baglioni P. Modifying the crystallization of amorphous magnesium-calcium phosphate nanoparticles with proteins from Moringa oleifera seeds. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 589:367-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
13
|
Gelli R, Salvestrini S, Ridi F. Effect of Biologically-Relevant Molecules on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Amorphous Magnesium-Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:2872-2878. [PMID: 33653453 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The recently-discovered endogenous formation of amorphous magnesium-calcium phosphate nanoparticles (AMCPs) in human distal small intestine occurs in a complex environment, which is rich in biologically-relevant molecules and macromolecules that can shape the properties and the stability of these inorganic particles. In this work, we selected as case studies four diverse molecules, which have different properties and are representative of intestinal luminal components, namely butyric acid, lactose, gluten and peptidoglycan. We prepared AMCPs in the presence of these four additives and we investigated their effect on the features of the particles in terms of morphology, porosity, chemical nature and incorporation/adsorption. The combined use of electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis showed that while the morphology and microstructure of the particles do not depend on the type of additive present during the synthesis, AMCPs are able to incorporate a significant amount of peptidoglycan, similarly to the process in which they are involved in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Gelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Salvestrini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Ridi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gelli R, Martini F, Geppi M, Borsacchi S, Ridi F, Baglioni P. Exploring the interplay of mucin with biologically-relevant amorphous magnesium-calcium phosphate nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 594:802-811. [PMID: 33794402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS It has been recently shown that, in our organism, the secretions of Ca2+, Mg2+ and phosphate ions lead to the precipitation of amorphous magnesium-calcium phosphate nanoparticles (AMCPs) in the small intestine, where the glycoprotein mucin is one of the most abundant proteins, being the main component of the mucus hydrogel layer covering gut epithelium. Since AMCPs precipitate in vivo in a mucin-rich environment, we aim at studying the effect of this glycoprotein on the formation and features of endogenous-like AMCPs. EXPERIMENTS AMCPs were synthesized from aqueous solution in the presence of different concentrations of mucin, and the obtained particles were characterised in terms of crystallinity, composition and morphology. Solid State NMR investigation was also performed in order to assess the interplay between mucin and AMCPs at a sub-nanometric level. FINDING Results show that AMCPs form in the presence of mucin and the glycoprotein is efficiently incorporated in the amorphous particles. NMR indicates the existence of interactions between AMCPs and mucin, revealing how AMCPs in mucin-hybrid nanoparticles affect the features of both proteic and oligosaccharidic portions of the glycoprotein. Considering that the primary function of mucin is the protection of the intestine from pathogens, we speculate that the nature of the interaction between AMCPs and mucin described in the present work might be relevant to the immune system, suggesting a novel type of scenario which could be investigated by combining physico-chemical and biomedical approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Gelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Martini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, Pisa 56124, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Geppi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, Pisa 56124, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Borsacchi
- Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, Italian National Council for Research, CNR-ICCOM Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy; Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Ridi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li N, Cui W, Cong P, Tang J, Guan Y, Huang C, Liu Y, Yu C, Yang R, Zhang X. Biomimetic inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles from magnesium-substituted amorphous calcium phosphate clusters and polyacrylic acid molecules. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2303-2314. [PMID: 33553817 PMCID: PMC7841502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) has been widely found during bone and tooth biomineralization, but the meta-stability and labile nature limit further biomedical applications. The present study found that the chelation of polyacrylic acid (PAA) molecules with Ca2+ ions in Mg-ACP clusters (~2.1 ± 0.5 nm) using a biomineralization strategy produced inorganic-organic Mg-ACP/PAA hybrid nanoparticles with better thermal stability. Mg-ACP/PAA hybrid nanoparticles (~24.0 ± 4.8 nm) were pH-responsive and could be efficiently digested under weak acidic conditions (pH 5.0–5.5). The internalization of assembled Mg-ACP/PAA nanoparticles by MC3T3-E1 cells occurred through endocytosis, indicated by laser scanning confocal microscopy and cryo-soft X-ray tomography. Our results showed that cellular lipid membranes remained intact without pore formation after Mg-ACP/PAA particle penetration. The assembled Mg-ACP/PAA particles could be digested in cell lysosomes within 24 h under weak acidic conditions, thereby indicating the potential to efficiently deliver encapsulated functional molecules. Both the in vitro and in vivo results preliminarily demonstrated good biosafety of the inorganic-organic Mg-ACP/PAA hybrid nanoparticles, which may have potential for biomedical applications. Mg-ACP/PAA hybrid nanoparticles have been synthesized following a biomineralization strategy. The chelation of PAA molecules in synergy with Mg2+ substitution improves thermal stability of Mg-ACP/PAA nanoparticles. The Mg-ACP/PAA nanoparticles are pH sensitive and can be digested in cell lysosomes within 24 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Peifang Cong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yong Guan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Caihao Huang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yunen Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Rui Yang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hosseini S, Epple M. Suppositories with bioactive calcium phosphate nanoparticles for intestinal transfection and gene silencing. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Hosseini
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CeNIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CeNIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Javed I, Cui X, Wang X, Mortimer M, Andrikopoulos N, Li Y, Davis TP, Zhao Y, Ke PC, Chen C. Implications of the Human Gut-Brain and Gut-Cancer Axes for Future Nanomedicine. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14391-14416. [PMID: 33138351 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent clinical and pathological evidence have implicated the gut microbiota as a nexus for modulating the homeostasis of the human body, impacting conditions from cancer and dementia to obesity and social behavior. The connections between microbiota and human diseases offer numerous opportunities in medicine, most of which have limited or no therapeutic solutions available. In light of this paradigm-setting trend in science, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and timely summary of the mechanistic pathways governing the gut microbiota and their implications for nanomedicines targeting cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Specifically, we discuss in parallel the beneficial and pathogenic relationship of the gut microbiota along the gut-brain and gut-cancer axes, elaborate on the impact of dysbiosis and the gastrointestinal corona on the efficacy of nanomedicines, and highlight a molecular mimicry that manipulates the universal cross-β backbone of bacterial amyloid to accelerate neurological disorders. This review further offers a forward-looking section on the rational design of cancer and dementia nanomedicines exploiting the gut-brain and gut-cancer axes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Javed
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xuejing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Nikolaos Andrikopoulos
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Yuhuan Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Pu Chun Ke
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 111 Yixueyuan Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong 510700, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Selenium-doped calcium phosphate biomineral reverses multidrug resistance to enhance bone tumor chemotherapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 32:102322. [PMID: 33186694 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The construction of a functional drug delivery system to reverse the multidrug resistance (MDR) of bone tumors in cases of failed chemotherapy remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a selenium-doped calcium phosphate (Se-CaP) biomineral with high biocompatibility, biodegradability and pH-sensitive drug release properties. Se-CaP may not only serve as an effective drug-carrier to enhance the uptake of doxorubicin (DOX), but may also synchronously induce caspases-mediated apoptosis of osteosarcoma by generating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies obviously demonstrate that Se-CaP can reverse the MDR of osteosarcoma by down-regulating the expression of MDR-related ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporters proteins (ABCB1 and ABCC1). Finally, DOX-loaded Se-CaP can significantly inhibit DOX-resistant MG63 (MG63/DXR) tumor growth in nude mice. Considering its biomimetic chemical properties, the Se-CaP biomineral, with the multiple functions mentioned above, could be a promising candidate for treating bone tumors with MDR characteristics.
Collapse
|
19
|
Microbial Stimulation Reverses the Age-Related Decline in M Cells in Aged Mice. iScience 2020; 23:101147. [PMID: 32454449 PMCID: PMC7251786 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging has a profound effect on the immune system, termed immunosenescence, resulting in increased incidence and severity of infections and decreased efficacy of vaccinations. We previously showed that immunosurveillance in the intestine, achieved primarily through antigen sampling M cells in the follicle associated epithelium (FAE) of Peyer's patches, was compromised during aging due to a decline in M cell functional maturation. The intestinal microbiota also changes significantly with age, but whether this affects M cell maturation was not known. We show that housing of aged mice on used bedding from young mice, or treatment with bacterial flagellin, were each sufficient to enhance the functional maturation of M cells in Peyer's patches. An understanding of the mechanisms underlying the influence of the intestinal microbiota on M cells has the potential to lead to new methods to enhance the efficacy of oral vaccination in aged individuals.
Collapse
|
20
|
Cui X, Bao L, Wang X, Chen C. The Nano-Intestine Interaction: Understanding the Location-Oriented Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Intestine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907665. [PMID: 32347646 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in food additives, food packages, and therapeutic purposes owing to their useful properties, Therefore, human beings are orally exposed to exogenous nanomaterials frequently, which means the intestine is one of the primary targets of nanomaterials. Consequently, it is of great importance to understand the interaction between nanomaterials and the intestine. When nanomaterials enter into gut lumen, they inevitably interact with various components and thereby display different effects on the intestine based on their locations; these are known as location-oriented effects (LOE). The intestinal LOE confer a new biological-effect profile for nanomaterials, which is dependent on the involvement of the following biological processes: nano-mucus interaction, nano-intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) interaction, nano-immune interaction, and nano-microbiota interaction. A deep understanding of NM-induced LOE will facilitate the design of safer NMs and the development of more efficient nanomedicine for intestine-related diseases. Herein, recent progress in this field is reviewed in order to better understand the LOE of nanomaterials. The distant effects of nanomaterials coupling with microbiota are also highlighted. Investigation of the interaction of nanomaterials with the intestine will stimulate other new research areas beyond intestinal nanotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, 510700, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kazakevych J, Denizot J, Liebert A, Portovedo M, Mosavie M, Jain P, Stellato C, Fraser C, Corrêa RO, Célestine M, Mattiuz R, Okkenhaug H, Miller JR, Vinolo MAR, Veldhoen M, Varga-Weisz P. Smarcad1 mediates microbiota-induced inflammation in mouse and coordinates gene expression in the intestinal epithelium. Genome Biol 2020; 21:64. [PMID: 32160911 PMCID: PMC7065452 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-01976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How intestinal epithelial cells interact with the microbiota and how this is regulated at the gene expression level are critical questions. Smarcad1 is a conserved chromatin remodeling factor with a poorly understood tissue function. As this factor is highly expressed in the stem and proliferative zones of the intestinal epithelium, we explore its role in this tissue. RESULTS Specific deletion of Smarcad1 in the mouse intestinal epithelium leads to colitis resistance and substantial changes in gene expression, including a striking increase of expression of several genes linked to innate immunity. Absence of Smarcad1 leads to changes in chromatin accessibility and significant changes in histone H3K9me3 over many sites, including genes that are differentially regulated upon Smarcad1 deletion. We identify candidate members of the gut microbiome that elicit a Smarcad1-dependent colitis response, including members of the poorly understood TM7 phylum. CONCLUSIONS Our study sheds light onto the role of the chromatin remodeling machinery in intestinal epithelial cells in the colitis response and shows how a highly conserved chromatin remodeling factor has a distinct role in anti-microbial defense. This work highlights the importance of the intestinal epithelium in the colitis response and the potential of microbial species as pharmacological and probiotic targets in the context of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juri Kazakevych
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Jérémy Denizot
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.,Present Address: Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, INRA USC2018, M2iSH, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anke Liebert
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.,Present Address: The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Mariana Portovedo
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Mia Mosavie
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Payal Jain
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Claire Fraser
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Renan Oliveira Corrêa
- Laboratory of Immunoinflammation, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, 13083-862, Brazil
| | | | - Raphaël Mattiuz
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - J Ross Miller
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Marc Veldhoen
- Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.,Present Address: Instituto de Medicina Molecular
- Joâo Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Patrick Varga-Weisz
- Nuclear Dynamics, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK. .,School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Laman JD, 't Hart BA, Power C, Dziarski R. Bacterial Peptidoglycan as a Driver of Chronic Brain Inflammation. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:670-682. [PMID: 32589935 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a cell wall component of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Signature fragments of PGN are proinflammatory through engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) on resident tissue cells and circulating leukocytes. Despite its abundance in the gut microbiota, there is limited recognition that PGN could contribute to chronic neuroinflammation. This review highlights current insights into the roles of PGN as a determinant of brain inflammation, notably in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models. Recent studies demonstrate PGN in blood of healthy adult humans. PGN amplifies autoimmune pathology via activation of innate immune cells. Novel uptake routes through (altered) gut mucosa by myeloid leukocyte subsets promote PGN transport to the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon D Laman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Section of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Bert A 't Hart
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Section of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Power
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Roman Dziarski
- Indiana University School of Medicine-Northwest, Gary, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
da Silva AB, Miniter M, Thom W, Hewitt RE, Wills J, Jugdaohsingh R, Powell JJ. Gastrointestinal Absorption and Toxicity of Nanoparticles and Microparticles: Myth, Reality and Pitfalls explored through Titanium Dioxide. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2020; 19:112-120. [PMID: 32566805 PMCID: PMC7305030 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Daily oral exposure to vast numbers (>1013/adult/day) of micron or nano-sized persistent particles has become the norm for many populations. Significant airborne particle exposure is deleterious, so what about ingestion? Titanium dioxide in food grade form (fgTiO2) , which is an additive to some foods, capsules, tablets and toothpaste, may provide clues. Certainly, exposed human populations accumulate these particles in specialised intestinal cells at the base of large lymphoid follicles (Peyer's patches) and it's likely that a degree of absorption goes beyond this- i.e. lymphatics to blood circulation to tissues. We critically review the evidence and pathways. Regarding potential adverse effects, our primary message, for today's state-of-art, is that in vivo models have not been good enough and at times woeful. We provide a 'caveats list' to improve approaches and experimentation and illustrate why studies on biomarkers of particle uptake, and lower gut/mesenteric lymph nodes as targets, should be prioritized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Barreto da Silva
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Michelle Miniter
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - William Thom
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Rachel E Hewitt
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - John Wills
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Ravin Jugdaohsingh
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Jonathan J Powell
- Biomineral Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Keita ÅV, Alkaissi LY, Holm EB, Heil SDS, Chassaing B, Darfeuille-Michaud A, McKay DM, Söderholm JD. Enhanced E. coli LF82 Translocation through the Follicle-associated Epithelium in Crohn's Disease is Dependent on Long Polar Fimbriae and CEACAM6 expression, and Increases Paracellular Permeability. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:216-229. [PMID: 31393983 PMCID: PMC7008151 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with Crohn's disease [CD] harbour an increased number of adherent-invasive E. coli [AIEC]. The strain LF82, identified in the ileal mucosa of CD patients, has been extensively studied for pathogenic mechanisms. However, understanding of the interaction of LF82 with the intestinal mucosa of CD patients is lacking. METHODS Here, we investigated the importance of long polar fimbriae [LPF] type 1 pili and the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell-adhesion molecule 6 [CEACAM6] for translocation of LF82 in an in vitro model of follicle-associated epithelium [FAE], and in the FAE and villus epithelium [VE] of patients with CD and controls, using Ussing chambers. RESULTS Significantly greater LF82 passage occurred in the FAE model compared with in the VE Caco-2cl1 mono-culture. Moreover, bacterial translocation was inhibited by either LPF disruption or pre-incubation with anti-CEACAM6 antibody. Tissue mounted in Ussing chambers showed significantly higher LF82 passage in FAE from patients with CD compared with control FAE, that was diminished in LF82 lacking LPF and by blocking host CEACAM6. Interestingly, addition of LF82 to the CD FAE tissues significantly increased paracellular permeability [of 51Chromium-EDTA] compared with baseline, and the increase was inhibited by anti-CEACAM6. Immunofluorescence and immunoblots showed higher expression of CEACAM6 in FAE of patients with CD compared with in FAE from controls. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the FAE of CD patients is a site of vulnerability for invasion by LF82 via a mechanism that requires both bacterial LPF and host CEACAM6. Further, LF82 has the ability to increase paracellular passage through the FAE of patients with CD. These data can help define novel therapeutic targets in CD for the prevention of clinical recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Åsa V Keita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics & Oncology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Corresponding author: Åsa V Keita, PhD, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics & Oncology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden. Tel: 46101038919;
| | - Lina Yakymenko Alkaissi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics & Oncology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elin B Holm
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics & Oncology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Stéphanie D S Heil
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics & Oncology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Neuroscience Institute and Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | | | - Derek M McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Johan D Söderholm
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Surgery, Orthopedics & Oncology, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Department of Surgery, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Qu G, Xia T, Zhou W, Zhang X, Zhang H, Hu L, Shi J, Yu XF, Jiang G. Property-Activity Relationship of Black Phosphorus at the Nano-Bio Interface: From Molecules to Organisms. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2288-2346. [PMID: 31971371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a novel member of the two-dimensional nanomaterial family, mono- or few-layer black phosphorus (BP) with direct bandgap and high charge carrier mobility is promising in many applications such as microelectronic devices, photoelectronic devices, energy technologies, and catalysis agents. Due to its benign elemental composition (phosphorus), large surface area, electronic/photonic performances, and chemical/biological activities, BP has also demonstrated a great potential in biomedical applications including biosensing, photothermal/photodynamic therapies, controlled drug releases, and antibacterial uses. The nature of the BP-bio interface is comprised of dynamic contacts between nanomaterials (NMs) and biological systems, where BP and the biological system interact. The physicochemical interactions at the nano-bio interface play a critical role in the biological effects of NMs. In this review, we discuss the interface in the context of BP as a nanomaterial and its unique physicochemical properties that may affect its biological effects. Herein, we comprehensively reviewed the recent studies on the interactions between BP and biomolecules, cells, and animals and summarized various cellular responses, inflammatory/immunological effects, as well as other biological outcomes of BP depending on its own physical properties, exposure routes, and biodistribution. In addition, we also discussed the environmental behaviors and potential risks on environmental organisms of BP. Based on accumulating knowledge on the BP-bio interfaces, this review also summarizes various safer-by-design strategies to change the physicochemical properties including chemical stability and nano-bio interactions, which are critical in tuning the biological behaviors of BP. The better understanding of the biological activity of BP at BP-bio interfaces and corresponding methods to overcome the challenges would promote its future exploration in terms of bringing this new nanomaterial to practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 , Beijing , P.R. China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Jianghan University , Wuhan 430056 , China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS , Hangzhou 310000 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of Nanomedicine, Department of Medicine , University of California Los Angeles California 90095 , United States
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Materials Interfaces Center , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Materials Interfaces Center , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- College of Environment , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310032 , China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 , Beijing , P.R. China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Jianghan University , Wuhan 430056 , China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS , Hangzhou 310000 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 , Beijing , P.R. China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Jianghan University , Wuhan 430056 , China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS , Hangzhou 310000 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xue-Feng Yu
- Materials Interfaces Center , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen 518055 , P.R. China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences 100085 , Beijing , P.R. China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Jianghan University , Wuhan 430056 , China.,Institute of Environment and Health , Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS , Hangzhou 310000 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Smith ER, Hewitson TD, Holt SG. Diagnostic Tests for Vascular Calcification. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2019; 26:445-463. [PMID: 31831123 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is the heterogeneous endpoint of multiple vascular insults, which varies by arterial bed, the layer of the arterial wall affected, and is propagated by diverse cellular and biochemical mechanisms. A variety of in vivo and ex vivo techniques have been applied to the analysis of VC in preclinical studies, but clinical examination has principally relied on a number of noninvasive and invasive imaging modalities for detection and quantitation. Most imaging methods suffer from suboptimal spatial resolution, leading to the inability to distinguish medial from intimal VC and insufficient sensitivity to detect microcalcifications that are indicative of active mineral deposition and of vulnerable plaques which may be prone to rupture. Serum biomarkers lack specificity for VC and cannot discriminate pathology. Overall, uncertainties surrounding the sensitivity and specificity of different VC testing modalities, the absence of a clear cause-effect relationship, and lack of any evidence-based diagnostic or therapeutic protocols in relation to VC testing in chronic kidney disease has yielded weak or ungraded recommendations for their use in clinical practice. While VC is recognized as a key manifestation of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder and those with an increasing burden of VC are considered to be at higher cardiovascular risk, routine screening is not currently recommended.
Collapse
|
27
|
Blevins LK, Crawford RB, Bach A, Rizzo MD, Zhou J, Henriquez JE, Khan DMIO, Sermet S, Arnold LL, Pennington KL, Souza NP, Cohen SM, Kaminski NE. Evaluation of immunologic and intestinal effects in rats administered an E 171-containing diet, a food grade titanium dioxide (TiO 2). Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110793. [PMID: 31473338 PMCID: PMC6775638 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of dietary E 171, a food grade titanium dioxide was evaluated. A recent study reported rats receiving E 171 in water developed inflammation and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, rats received food containing E 171 (7 or 100 days). The 100-day study included feeding E 171 after dimethylhydrazine (DMH) or vehicle only pretreatment. Food consumption was similar between treatment groups with maximum total cumulative E 171 exposure being 2617 mg/kg in 7 days and 29,400 mg/kg in 100 days. No differences were observed due to E 171 in the percentage of dendritic, CD4+ T or Treg cells within Peyer's patches or the periphery, or in cytokine production in plasma, sections of jejunum, and colon in 7- or 100-day E 171 alone fed rats. Differences were observed for IL-17A in colon (400 ppm E 171 + DMH) and IL-12p70 in plasma (40 ppm E 171 + DMH). E 171 had no effect on histopathologic evaluations of small and large intestines, liver, spleen, lungs, or testes, and no effects on ACF, goblet cell numbers, or colonic gland length. Dietary E 171 administration (7- or 100-day), even at high doses, produced no effect on the immune parameters or tissue morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lance K Blevins
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Robert B Crawford
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Bach
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Rizzo
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Joseph E Henriquez
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - D M Isha Olive Khan
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sera Sermet
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Lora L Arnold
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Samuel M Cohen
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology, USA
| | - Norbert E Kaminski
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
A Brief Review about the Role of Nanomaterials, Mineral-Organic Nanoparticles, and Extra-Bone Calcification in Promoting Carcinogenesis and Tumor Progression. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7030065. [PMID: 31466331 PMCID: PMC6783842 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
People come in contact with a huge number of nanoparticles (NPs) throughout their lives, which can be of both natural and anthropogenic origin and are capable of entering the body through swallowing, skin penetration, or inhalation. In connection with the expanding use of nanomaterials in various industrial processes, the question of whether there is a need to study the potentially adverse effects of NPs on human health becomes increasingly important. Despite the fact that the nature and the extent of damage caused depends on the chemical and the physical characteristics of individual NPs, there are also general mechanisms related to their toxicity. These mechanisms include the ability of NPs to translocate to various organs through endocytosis, as well as their ability to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, genotoxicity, metabolic changes, and potentially carcinogenesis. In this review, we discuss the main characteristics of NPs and the effects they cause at both cellular and tissue levels. We also focus on possible mechanisms that underlie the relationship of NPs with carcinogenesis. We briefly summarize the main concepts related to the role of endogenous mineral organic NPs in the development of various human diseases and their participation in extra-bone calcification. Considering data from both our studies and those published in scientific literature, we propose the revision of some ideas concerning extra-bone calcification, since it may be one of the factors associated with the initiation of the mechanisms of immunological tolerance.
Collapse
|
29
|
Gelli R, Ridi F, Baglioni P. The importance of being amorphous: calcium and magnesium phosphates in the human body. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 269:219-235. [PMID: 31096075 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This article focuses on the relevance of amorphous calcium (and magnesium) phosphates in living organisms. Although crystalline calcium phosphate (CaP)-based materials are known to constitute the major inorganic constituents of human hard tissues, amorphous CaP-based structures, often in combination with magnesium, are frequently employed by Nature to build up components of our body and guarantee their proper functioning. After a brief description of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) formation mechanism and structure, this paper is focused on the stabilization strategies that can be used to enhance the lifetime of the poorly stable amorphous phase. The various locations of our body in which ACP (pure or in combination with Mg2+) can be found (i.e. bone, enamel, small intestine, calciprotein particles and casein micelles) are highlighted, showing how the amorphous nature of ACP is often of paramount importance for the achievement of a specific physiological function. The last section is devoted to ACP-based biomaterials, focusing on how these materials differ from their crystalline counterparts in terms of biological response.
Collapse
|
30
|
Uskoković V, Janković-Častvan I, Wu VM. Bone Mineral Crystallinity Governs the Orchestration of Ossification and Resorption during Bone Remodeling. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3483-3498. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Uskoković
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Engineering Gateway 4200, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, 851 South Morgan Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7052, United States
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 1600 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Ivona Janković-Častvan
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Victoria M. Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, 851 South Morgan Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7052, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Formation and properties of amorphous magnesium-calcium phosphate particles in a simulated intestinal fluid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 546:130-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
32
|
Uskoković V, Tang S, Nikolić MG, Marković S, Wu VM. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles as intrinsic inorganic antimicrobials: In search of the key particle property. Biointerphases 2019; 14:031001. [PMID: 31109162 PMCID: PMC6527436 DOI: 10.1116/1.5090396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main goals of materials science in the 21st century is the development of materials with rationally designed properties as substitutes for traditional pharmacotherapies. At the same time, there is a lack of understanding of the exact material properties that induce therapeutic effects in biological systems, which limits their rational optimization for the related medical applications. This study sets the foundation for a general approach for elucidating nanoparticle properties as determinants of antibacterial activity, with a particular focus on calcium phosphate nanoparticles. To that end, nine physicochemical effects were studied and a number of them were refuted, thus putting an end to frequently erred hypotheses in the literature. Rather than having one key particle property responsible for eliciting the antibacterial effect, a complex synergy of factors is shown to be at work, including (a) nanoscopic size; (b) elevated intracellular free calcium levels due to nanoparticle solubility; (c) diffusivity and favorable electrostatic properties of the nanoparticle surface, primarily low net charge and high charge density; and (d) the dynamics of perpetual exchange of ultrafine clusters across the particle/solution interface. On the positive side, this multifaceted mechanism is less prone to induce bacterial resistance to the therapy and can be a gateway to the sphere of personalized medicine. On a more problematic side, it implies a less intense effect compared to single-target molecular therapies and a difficulty of elucidating the exact mechanisms of action, while also making the rational design of theirs for this type of medical application a challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Uskoković
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7052
| | - Sean Tang
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618-1908
| | - Marko G Nikolić
- Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Smilja Marković
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), Knez Mihailova 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Victoria M Wu
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618-1908
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Senchukova M, Tomchuk O, Shurygina E, Letuta S, Alidzhanov E, Nikiyan H, Razdobreev D. Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles Can Activate the Epithelial⁻Mesenchymal Transition in an Experimental Gastric Cancer Model. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7010021. [PMID: 30893803 PMCID: PMC6466388 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have shown the possibility of intramucosal gastric carcinoma induction by the intragastric administration of a mixture of formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide in rats. In this study, we report a sizable increase in carcinogenic properties of the mixture when a suspension containing calcium carbonate nanoparticles was added to it. This technique allowed us to reduce both the number of the carcinogen administrations from twelve to two and the time to the cancer induction from six to four months. Although the induced tumors were represented by the intramucosal carcinomas, they were characterized by the extensive invasion of individual tumor cells and their clusters into the muscle layer and serosa as well as into the omentum and blood vessels. Considering that the invasive tumor cells were positive for vimentin, Snail and TGF-β2, we concluded that their invasion was the result of the activation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanisms. Thus, taking into account the data obtained, it can be assumed that under the conditions of inflammation or carcinogenesis, the calcium carbonate nanoparticles may affect the activation of EMT mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia.
| | - Olesya Tomchuk
- Department of Histology, Cytology, Embryology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia.
| | - Elena Shurygina
- Department of Pathology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia.
| | - Sergey Letuta
- Department of Biophysics and Condensed Matter Physics, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
- Institute of micro- and nanotechnology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
| | - Eskender Alidzhanov
- Department of Biophysics and Condensed Matter Physics, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
- Institute of micro- and nanotechnology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
| | - Hike Nikiyan
- Department of Biophysics and Condensed Matter Physics, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
- Institute of micro- and nanotechnology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Razdobreev
- Department of Biophysics and Condensed Matter Physics, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
- Institute of micro- and nanotechnology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460018, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gelli R, Scudero M, Gigli L, Severi M, Bonini M, Ridi F, Baglioni P. Effect of pH and Mg2+ on Amorphous Magnesium-Calcium Phosphate (AMCP) stability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 531:681-692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
35
|
Review of potential health risks associated with nanoscopic calcium phosphate. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:1-14. [PMID: 30031162 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate is applied in many products in biomedicine, but also in toothpastes and cosmetics. In some cases, it is present in nanoparticulate form, either on purpose or after degradation or mechanical abrasion. Possible concerns are related to the biological effect of such nanoparticles. A thorough literature review shows that calcium phosphate nanoparticles as such have no inherent toxicity but can lead to an increase of the intracellular calcium concentration after endosomal uptake and lysosomal degradation. However, cells are able to clear the calcium from the cytoplasm within a few hours, unless very high doses of calcium phosphate are applied. The observed cytotoxicity in some cell culture studies, mainly for unfunctionalized particles, is probably due to particle agglomeration and subsequent sedimentation onto the cell layer, leading to a very high local particle concentration, a high particle uptake, and subsequent cell death. There is no risk from an oral uptake of calcium phosphate nanoparticles due to their rapid dissolution in the stomach. The risk from dermal or mucosal uptake is very low. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles can enter the bloodstream by inhalation, but no adverse effects have been observed, except for a prolonged exposition to high particle doses. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles inside the body (e.g. after implantation or due to abrasion) do not pose a risk as they are typically resorbed and dissolved by osteoclasts and macrophages. There is no indication for a significant influence of the calcium phosphate phase or the particle shape (e.g. spherical or rod-like) on the biological response. In summary, the risk associated with an exposition to nanoparticulate calcium phosphate in doses that are usually applied in biomedicine, health care products, and cosmetics is very low and most likely not present at all. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Calcium phosphate is a well-established biomaterial. However, there are occasions when it occurs in a nanoparticulate form (e.g. as nanoparticle or as nanoparticulate bone substitution material) or after abrasion from a calcium phosphate-coated metal implant. In the light of the current discussion on the safety of nanoparticles, there have been concerns about potential adverse effects of nano-calcium phosphate, e.g. in a statement of a EU study group from 2016 about possible dangers associated with non-spherical nano-hydroxyapatite in cosmetics. In the US, there was a discussion in 2016 about the dangers of nano-calcium phosphate in babyfood. In this review, the potential exposition routes for nano-calcium phosphate are reviewed, with special emphasis on its application as biomaterial.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
PURPOSE Transgenic Cre lines are a valuable tool for conditionally inactivating or activating genes to understand their function. Here, we provide an overview of Cre transgenic models used for studying gene function in bone cells and discuss their advantages and limitations, with particular emphasis on Cre lines used for studying osteocyte and osteoclast function. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have shown that many bone cell-targeted Cre models are not as specific as originally thought. To ensure accurate data interpretation, it is important for investigators to test for unexpected recombination events due to transient expression of Cre recombinase during development or in precursor cells and to be aware of the potential for germ line recombination of targeted genes as well as the potential for unexpected phenotypes due to the Cre transgene. Although many of the bone-targeted Cre-deleter strains are imperfect and each model has its own limitations, their careful use will continue to provide key advances in our understanding of bone cell function in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Dallas
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA.
| | - Yixia Xie
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Lora A Shiflett
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Yasuyoshi Ueki
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, 650 E. 25th Street, Kansas, MO, 64108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wu CY, Martel J, Young JD. Comprehensive organic profiling of biological particles derived from blood. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11310. [PMID: 30054526 PMCID: PMC6063858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mineral nanoparticles form in physiological and pathological processes occurring in the human body. The calcium phosphate mineral phase of the particles has affinity for proteins and lipids, but the complete profiling of the organic molecules that bind to the particles has not been described in detail. We report here a comprehensive analysis of organic components found in mineralo-organic particles derived from body fluids. Based on biological staining, fluorescent tagging, proteomics and metabolomics, our results indicate that the mineral particles bind to proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, polysaccharides, phospholipids, fatty acids, DNA and low molecular weight metabolites. These results can be used to study the formation and effects of mineralo-organic particles in biological fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yeu Wu
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jan Martel
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - John D Young
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martel J, Wu CY, Peng HH, Young JD. Mineralo-organic nanoparticles in health and disease: an overview of recent findings. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1787-1793. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We observed earlier that mineralo-organic nanoparticles form in human body fluids when the concentrations of calcium, carbonate and phosphate exceed saturation. The particles have been shown to represent mineral precursors in developing bones and teeth as well as in ectopic calcification and kidney stones. Recent studies suggest that the mineral particles may also be involved in other physiological processes, including immune tolerance against the gut microbiota and food antigens. We review here the involvement of mineralo-organic nanoparticles in physiological and pathological processes and discuss recent findings that reveal novel and unexpected roles for these particles in the human body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular & Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yeu Wu
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular & Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Peng
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular & Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - John D Young
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular & Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology & Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang X, Liu X, Xiao Y, Hao H, Zhang Y, Tang R. Biomineralization State of Viruses and Their Biological Potential. Chemistry 2018; 24:11518-11529. [PMID: 29377301 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In nature, viruses can realize self-mineralization under metal-ion-abundant conditions. Interestingly, the mineralized state is a transition state of the virus when the host is not available. Mammalian viruses that share the similar chemical properties also stand a chance of transformation into a mineralized state. In this review, we focus on the possibility of mammalian viruses to undergo mineralization under a physiological environment and the development of biomineralized-based virus engineering. We will introduce the effect of biomineralization on the physiochemical or biological properties of viruses and we will discuss the relationship between mineral composition and biological potentials. The new biological prospects of mineralized-state viruses, including bypassing biological barriers, protection, and virus-host recognition, will provide new insight for the biosecurity and prevention of viral infection. With respect to vaccines, the mineralized state can modulate the immune recognition, change the immunization route, and elevate the vaccine efficacy. Together, these findings of the mineralized state of the virus may lead to a new understanding of virus biology, application, and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, No.38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xueyao Liu
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, No.38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, No.38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haibin Hao
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, No.38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, No.38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, No.38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China.,Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, No.38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Winkler HC, Notter T, Meyer U, Naegeli H. Critical review of the safety assessment of titanium dioxide additives in food. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:51. [PMID: 29859103 PMCID: PMC5984422 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterial engineering provides an important technological advance that offers substantial benefits for applications not only in the production and processing, but also in the packaging and storage of food. An expanding commercialization of nanomaterials as part of the modern diet will substantially increase their oral intake worldwide. While the risk of particle inhalation received much attention, gaps of knowledge exist regarding possible adverse health effects due to gastrointestinal exposure. This problem is highlighted by pigment-grade titanium dioxide (TiO2), which confers a white color and increased opacity with an optimal particle diameter of 200-300 nm. However, size distribution analyses showed that batches of food-grade TiO2 always comprise a nano-sized fraction as inevitable byproduct of the manufacturing processes. Submicron-sized TiO2 particles, in Europe listed as E 171, are widely used as a food additive although the relevant risk assessment has never been satisfactorily completed. For example, it is not possible to derive a safe daily intake of TiO2 from the available long-term feeding studies in rodents. Also, the use of TiO2 particles in the food sector leads to highest exposures in children, but only few studies address the vulnerability of this particular age group. Extrapolation of animal studies to humans is also problematic due to knowledge gaps as to local gastrointestinal effects of TiO2 particles, primarily on the mucosa and the gut-associated lymphoid system. Tissue distributions after oral administration of TiO2 differ from other exposure routes, thus limiting the relevance of data obtained from inhalation or parenteral injections. Such difficulties and uncertainties emerging in the retrospective assessment of TiO2 particles exemplify the need for a fit-to-purpose data requirement for the future evaluation of novel nano-sized or submicron-sized particles added deliberately to food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Christian Winkler
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tina Notter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hanspeter Naegeli
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bouwmeester H, van der Zande M, Jepson MA. Effects of food-borne nanomaterials on gastrointestinal tissues and microbiota. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 10:e1481. [PMID: 28548289 PMCID: PMC5810149 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ingestion of engineered nanomaterials is inevitable due to their addition to food and prevalence in food packaging and domestic products such as toothpaste and sun cream. In the absence of robust dosimetry and particokinetic data, it is currently challenging to accurately assess the potential toxicity of food-borne nanomaterials. Herein, we review current understanding of gastrointestinal uptake mechanisms, consider some data on the potential for toxicity of the most commonly encountered classes of food-borne nanomaterials (including TiO2 , SiO2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles), and discuss the potential impact of the luminal environment on nanoparticle properties and toxicity. Much of our current understanding of gastrointestinal nanotoxicology is derived from increasingly sophisticated epithelial models that augment in vivo studies. In addition to considering the direct effects of food-borne nanomaterials on gastrointestinal tissues, including the potential role of chronic nanoparticle exposure in development of inflammatory diseases, we also discuss the potential for food-borne nanomaterials to disturb the normal balance of microbiota within the gastrointestinal tract. The latter possibility warrants close attention given the increasing awareness of the critical role of microbiota in human health and the known impact of some food-borne nanomaterials on bacterial viability. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2018, 10:e1481. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1481 This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Bouwmeester
- Division of ToxicologyWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
- RIKILT ‐ Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Riedle S, Pele LC, Otter DE, Hewitt RE, Singh H, Roy NC, Powell JJ. Pro-inflammatory adjuvant properties of pigment-grade titanium dioxide particles are augmented by a genotype that potentiates interleukin 1β processing. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:51. [PMID: 29216926 PMCID: PMC5721614 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pigment-grade titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles are an additive to some foods (E171 on ingredients lists), toothpastes, and pharma−/nutraceuticals and are absorbed, to some extent, in the human intestinal tract. TiO2 can act as a modest adjuvant in the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β) when triggered by common intestinal bacterial fragments, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or peptidoglycan. Given the variance in human genotypes, which includes variance in genes related to IL-1β secretion, we investigated whether TiO2 particles might, in fact, be more potent pro-inflammatory adjuvants in cells that are genetically susceptible to IL-1β-related inflammation. Methods We studied bone marrow-derived macrophages from mice with a mutation in the nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-containing 2 gene (Nod2m/m), which exhibit heightened secretion of IL-1β in response to the peptidoglycan fragment muramyl dipeptide (MDP). To ensure relevance to human exposure, TiO2 was food-grade anatase (119 ± 45 nm mean diameter ± standard deviation). We used a short ‘pulse and chase’ format: pulsing with LPS and chasing with TiO2 +/− MDP or peptidoglycan. Results IL-1β secretion was not stimulated in LPS-pulsed bone marrow-derived macrophages, or by chasing with MDP, and only very modestly so by chasing with peptidoglycan. In all cases, however, IL-1β secretion was augmented by chasing with TiO2 in a dose-dependent fashion (5–100 μg/mL). When co-administered with MDP or peptidoglycan, IL-1β secretion was further enhanced for the Nod2m/m genotype. Tumour necrosis factor α was triggered by LPS priming, and more so for the Nod2m/m genotype. This was enhanced by chasing with TiO2, MDP, or peptidoglycan, but there was no additive effect between the bacterial fragments and TiO2. Conclusion Here, the doses of TiO2 that augmented bacterial fragment-induced IL-1β secretion were relatively high. In vivo, however, selected intestinal cells appear to be loaded with TiO2, so such high concentrations may be ‘exposure-relevant’ for localised regions of the intestine where both TiO2 and bacterial fragment uptake occurs. Moreover, this effect is enhanced in cells from Nod2m/m mice indicating that genotype can dictate inflammatory signalling in response to (nano)particle exposure. In vivo studies are now merited. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-017-0232-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Riedle
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,, Present address: Conreso GmbH, Neuhauser Str. 47, 80331, München, Germany
| | - Laetitia C Pele
- Biomineral Research Group, MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK
| | - Don E Otter
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Present address: Center for Dairy Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1605 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706-1565, USA
| | - Rachel E Hewitt
- Biomineral Research Group, MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biomineral Research Group, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Harjinder Singh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan J Powell
- Biomineral Research Group, MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK. .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biomineral Research Group, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Deng YQ, Yang D, Xiao Y, Zhao H, Nian QG, Xu X, Li XF, Tang R, Qin CF. Biomimetic inorganic camouflage circumvents antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. Chem Sci 2017; 8:8240-8246. [PMID: 29568472 PMCID: PMC5857936 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03868b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-existing antibodies can aggravate disease during subsequent infection or vaccination via the mechanism of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection. Herein, using dengue virus (DENV) as a model, we present a versatile surface-camouflage strategy to obtain a virus core-calcium phosphate shell hybrid by self-templated biomineralization. The shelled DENV stealthily avoids recognition by pre-existing antibodies under extracellular conditions, resulting in the efficient abrogation of the ADE of infection both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the nanoshell can spontaneously degrade under intracellular conditions to restore the virus activity and immunogenicity due to its pH-sensitive behaviour. This work demonstrates that the biomimetic material shell can significantly improve the administration safety and potency of the DENV vaccine, which provides the promising prospect of chemically designed virus-material hybrids for immune evasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310027 , China .
| | - Yong-Qiang Deng
- Department of Virology , State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity , Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing , 100071 , China .
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Virology , State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity , Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing , 100071 , China .
| | - Yun Xiao
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310027 , China .
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Virology , State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity , Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing , 100071 , China .
| | - Qing-Gong Nian
- Department of Virology , State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity , Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing , 100071 , China .
| | - Xurong Xu
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310027 , China .
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Virology , State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity , Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing , 100071 , China .
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310027 , China .
- Centre for Biomaterials and Biopathways , Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310027 , China
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- Department of Virology , State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity , Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology , Beijing , 100071 , China .
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pietroiusti A, Bergamaschi E, Campagna M, Campagnolo L, De Palma G, Iavicoli S, Leso V, Magrini A, Miragoli M, Pedata P, Palombi L, Iavicoli I. The unrecognized occupational relevance of the interaction between engineered nanomaterials and the gastro-intestinal tract: a consensus paper from a multidisciplinary working group. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:47. [PMID: 29178961 PMCID: PMC5702111 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a fundamental gap of knowledge on the health effects caused by the interaction of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) with the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). This is partly due to the incomplete knowledge of the complex physical and chemical transformations that ENM undergo in the GIT, and partly to the widespread belief that GIT health effects of ENM are much less relevant than pulmonary effects. However, recent experimental findings, considering the role of new players in gut physiology (e.g. the microbiota), shed light on several outcomes of the interaction ENM/GIT. Along with this new information, there is growing direct and indirect evidence that not only ingested ENM, but also inhaled ENM may impact on the GIT. This fact, which may have relevant implications in occupational setting, has never been taken into consideration. This review paper summarizes the opinions and findings of a multidisciplinary team of experts, focusing on two main aspects of the issue: 1) ENM interactions within the GIT and their possible consequences, and 2) relevance of gastro-intestinal effects of inhaled ENMs. Under point 1, we analyzed how luminal gut-constituents, including mucus, may influence the adherence of ENM to cell surfaces in a size-dependent manner, and how intestinal permeability may be affected by different physico-chemical characteristics of ENM. Cytotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and inflammatory effects on different GIT cells, as well as effects on microbiota, are also discussed. Concerning point 2, recent studies highlight the relevance of gastro-intestinal handling of inhaled ENM, showing significant excretion with feces of inhaled ENM and supporting the hypothesis that GIT should be considered an important target of extrapulmonary effects of inhaled ENM. CONCLUSIONS In spite of recent insights on the relevance of the GIT as a target for toxic effects of nanoparticles, there is still a major gap in knowledge regarding the impact of the direct versus indirect oral exposure. This fact probably applies also to larger particles and dictates careful consideration in workers, who carry the highest risk of exposure to particulate matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pietroiusti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Sciences and Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy
| | - Veruscka Leso
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Magrini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Miragoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Pedata
- Department of Experimental Medicine- Section of Hygiene, Occupational Medicine and Forensic Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Palombi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gelli R, Del Buffa S, Tempesti P, Bonini M, Ridi F, Baglioni P. Enhanced formation of hydroxyapatites in gelatin/imogolite macroporous hydrogels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 511:145-154. [PMID: 29017100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Gelatin is widely investigated for the fabrication of synthetic scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. Practical limitations to its use are mainly due to the fast dissolution rate in physiological conditions and to the lack of pores with suitable dimensions for cell permeation. The aim of this work is to exploit imogolite clays as nucleation sites for the growth of calcium phosphates in gelatin-based hydrogels and to take advantage of a cryogenic treatment to obtain pores of ∼100µm. EXPERIMENTS We evaluated the effect of imogolites and a biocompatible cross-linker on the gelatin network in terms of morphology, thermal and rheological behavior. The hydrogels were cryogenically-treated and characterized to investigate the modification of the polymer network, both at the micro- and nano-scale. The samples were mineralized to investigate the effect of imogolites on the formation of calcium phosphates. FINDINGS The interaction between gelatin, imogolite and cross-linker leads to the modification of the hydrogel structure at the micro-scale, while minor effects are detected at the nano-scale. The cryogenic procedure is successful in generating pores with the desired size, while the presence of imogolites in the hydrogel promotes hydroxyapatites formation. These results demonstrate that imogolites can be effectively employed as functional fillers in polymer-based scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Gelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - Stefano Del Buffa
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - Paolo Tempesti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bonini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - Francesca Ridi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
van den Hoogen WJ, Laman JD, 't Hart BA. Modulation of Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Model Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Food and Gut Microbiota. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1081. [PMID: 28928747 PMCID: PMC5591889 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurological disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS), leading to demyelination, axonal damage, and symptoms such as fatigue and disability. Although the cause of MS is not known, the infiltration of peripherally activated immune cells into the CNS has a key pathogenic role. Accumulating evidence supports an important role of diet and gut microbiota in immune-mediated diseases. Preclinical as well as clinical studies suggest a role for gut microbiota and dietary components in MS. Here, we review these recent studies on gut microbiota and dietary interventions in MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. We also propose directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jon D Laman
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bert A 't Hart
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Center, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Smith ER, Hewitson TD, Cai MMX, Aghagolzadeh P, Bachtler M, Pasch A, Holt SG. A novel fluorescent probe-based flow cytometric assay for mineral-containing nanoparticles in serum. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5686. [PMID: 28720774 PMCID: PMC5515983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05474-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calciprotein particles, nanoscale aggregates of insoluble mineral and binding proteins, have emerged as potential mediators of phosphate toxicity in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Although existing immunochemical methods for their detection have provided compelling data, these approaches are indirect, lack specificity and are subject to a number of other technical and theoretical shortcomings. Here we have developed a rapid homogeneous fluorescent probe-based flow cytometric method for the detection and quantitation of individual mineral-containing nanoparticles in human and animal serum. This method allows the discrimination of membrane-bound from membrane-free particles and different mineral phases (amorphous vs. crystalline). Critically, the method has been optimised for use on a conventional instrument, without the need for manual hardware adjustments. Using this method, we demonstrate a consistency in findings across studies of Chronic Kidney Disease patients and commonly used uraemic animal models. These studies demonstrate that renal dysfunction is associated with the ripening of calciprotein particles to the crystalline state and reveal bone metabolism and dietary mineral as important modulators of circulating levels. Flow cytometric analysis of calciprotein particles may enhance our understanding of mineral handling in kidney disease and provide a novel indicator of therapeutic efficacy for interventions targeting Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Smith
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Medicine - Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Tim D Hewitson
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine - Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael M X Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine - Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Matthias Bachtler
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Pasch
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephen G Holt
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine - Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Balasubramanian I, Gao N. From sensing to shaping microbiota: insights into the role of NOD2 in intestinal homeostasis and progression of Crohn's disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 313:G7-G13. [PMID: 28450278 PMCID: PMC5538831 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00330.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
NOD2 was the first susceptibility gene identified for Crohn's disease (CD), one of the major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The field of NOD2 research has opened up many questions critical to understanding the complexities of microbiota-host interactions. In addition to sensing its specific bacterial components as a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor, NOD2 also appears to shape the colonization of intestinal microbiota. Activated NOD2 triggers downstream signaling cascades exampled by the NF-κB pathway to induce antimicrobial activities, however, defective or loss of NOD2 functions incur a similarly activated inflammatory response. Additional studies have identified the involvement of NOD2 in protection against non-microbiota-related intestinal damages as well as extraintestinal infections. We survey recent molecular and genetic studies of NOD2-mediated bacterial sensing and immunological modulation, and integrate evidence to suggest a highly reciprocal but still poorly understood cross talk between enteric microbiota and host cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Microplastics are a pollutant of environmental concern. Their presence in food destined for human consumption and in air samples has been reported. Thus, microplastic exposure via diet or inhalation could occur, the human health effects of which are unknown. The current review article draws upon cross-disciplinary scientific literature to discuss and evaluate the potential human health impacts of microplastics and outlines urgent areas for future research. Key literature up to September 2016 relating to accumulation, particle toxicity, and chemical and microbial contaminants was critically examined. Although microplastics and human health is an emerging field, complementary existing fields indicate potential particle, chemical and microbial hazards. If inhaled or ingested, microplastics may accumulate and exert localized particle toxicity by inducing or enhancing an immune response. Chemical toxicity could occur due to the localized leaching of component monomers, endogenous additives, and adsorbed environmental pollutants. Chronic exposure is anticipated to be of greater concern due to the accumulative effect that could occur. This is expected to be dose-dependent, and a robust evidence-base of exposure levels is currently lacking. Although there is potential for microplastics to impact human health, assessing current exposure levels and burdens is key. This information will guide future research into the potential mechanisms of toxicity and hence therein possible health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Wright
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Analytical and Environmental Sciences, King's College London , London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Frank J Kelly
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Analytical and Environmental Sciences, King's College London , London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hewitt RE, Robertson J, Haas CT, Pele LC, Powell JJ. Reduction of T-Helper Cell Responses to Recall Antigen Mediated by Codelivery with Peptidoglycan via the Intestinal Nanomineral-Antigen Pathway. Front Immunol 2017; 8:284. [PMID: 28367148 PMCID: PMC5355426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring intestinal nanomineral particles constituently form in the mammalian gut and trap luminal protein and microbial components. These cargo loaded nanominerals are actively scavenged by M cells of intestinal immune follicles, such as Peyer’s patches and are passed to antigen-presenting cells. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cell populations as an in vitro model of nanomineral uptake and antigen presentation, we show that monocytes avidly phagocytose nanomineral particles bearing antigen and peptidoglycan (PGN), and that the presence of PGN within particles downregulates their cell surface MHC class II and upregulates programmed death receptor ligand 1. Nanomineral delivery of antigen suppresses antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses, an effect that is enhanced in the presence of PGN. Blocking the interleukin-10 receptor restores CD4+ T cell responses to antigen codelivered with PGN in nanomineral form. Using human intestinal specimens, we have shown that the in vivo nanomineral pathway operates in an interleukin-10 rich environment. Consequently, the delivery of a dual antigen–PGN cargo by endogenous nanomineral in vivo is likely to be important in the establishment of intestinal tolerance, while their synthetic mimetics present a potential delivery system for therapeutic applications targeting the modulation of Peyer’s patch T cell responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Hewitt
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Medical Research Council, Department of Mineral Science and Technology, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jack Robertson
- Medical Research Council, Department of Mineral Science and Technology, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory , Cambridge , UK
| | - Carolin T Haas
- Medical Research Council, Department of Mineral Science and Technology, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory , Cambridge , UK
| | - Laetitia C Pele
- Medical Research Council, Department of Mineral Science and Technology, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory , Cambridge , UK
| | - Jonathan J Powell
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Medical Research Council, Department of Mineral Science and Technology, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|